38:
209:"The emperor made clear the extent of his rage by his facial expression and by the contortion of his body. Almost unable to speak, he said, "We have not come to this present state of affairs, nor have we fought and triumphed from the ocean till where we have now arrived, just so that we should refuse to have our own brother-in-law as joint ruler because of his abominable behaviour, and so that we should deny his close kinship, but accept that vile slave with him into imperial college".
223:, "Valens was ordered to return again to his former private station; when that was done, peace was concluded by both emperors, with the stipulation that Licinius should hold the Orient, Asia, Thrace, Moesia, and Lesser Scythia." The peace treaty was finalized at Serdica shortly before 1 March 317, the date in which Constantine's sons
217:
in later 316 or early 317, Constantine was still in the dominant position; from which he was able to force
Licinius to recognize him as the senior emperor. According to the
235:. Whether it was part of the agreement is unknown, but Licinius also had Valens executed. Much later, Licinius would try to elevate another general,
174:, his co-emperor in the East. The battle is sometimes dated to 314, but contemporary sources indicate that it occurred in 317. Licinius fled to
708:
1233:
517:
2087:
2027:
1895:
2060:
Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper
1240:
2082:
1863:
464:
634:
606:
582:
552:
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1829:
1812:
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1592:
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1514:
1481:
512:
2015:
1841:
1668:
1634:
1598:
1487:
219:
1656:
701:
1737:
1416:
882:
492:
267:
255:
239:, as co-emperor. However, this had just as little success, resulting in Licinius' defeat and execution.
2047:
2003:
1981:
1932:
1819:
1610:
1379:
721:
522:
1954:
1922:
1747:
927:
686:
1964:
1917:
1464:
1111:
482:
367:
276:
224:
1772:
1752:
1526:
1406:
694:
508:
184:(emperor), probably to replace Constantine in the West. Literary sources refer to Valens only as
2042:
2021:
1927:
717:
661:
504:
459:
1976:
1971:
1947:
1942:
1858:
1695:
1683:
1454:
1079:
538:
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392:
332:
163:
1959:
1907:
1767:
1742:
1707:
1622:
1536:
1386:
1217:
8:
2077:
1890:
1875:
1853:
1788:
1777:
1732:
1678:
1168:
1106:
1069:
615:
470:
443:
236:
2107:
1937:
1880:
1824:
1806:
1795:
1757:
1727:
1605:
1323:
1227:
977:
946:
939:
592:
534:
387:
301:
293:
178:
where, with the help of Valens, he gathered a second army. He gave Valens the rank of
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1848:
1689:
1587:
1562:
1411:
1273:
1009:
994:
872:
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167:
37:
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2009:
1912:
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1836:
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1712:
1437:
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1019:
285:
214:
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179:
1673:
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810:
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486:
186:
2071:
2037:
1997:
1541:
1349:
1157:
140:
132:
77:
56:
198:. Valens adopted the name "Valerius", as was customary among the Tetrarchs.
1782:
1577:
1509:
1504:
1494:
1317:
1179:
820:
1646:
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1471:
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907:
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678:
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289:
171:
136:
73:
1651:
1354:
1261:
1174:
1029:
805:
175:
1423:
1280:
1162:
934:
800:
43:
22:
380:"ευτελές ανδράποδον" in the original Greek text (J. P. Migne,
205:, Constantine was infuriated by the news of Valens' promotion:
1024:
795:
785:
765:
166:, who controlled the west, won a overwhelming victory at the
159:
770:
760:
335:. In A. Demandt; A. Goltz; H. Schlange-Schöningen (eds.).
153:
135:
from late 316 to early 317. He was proclaimed emperor by
312:
393:
411:
2069:
127:(died After 1 March 317), rarely enumerated as
529:
139:, emperor of the East, during his war against
702:
386:, vol.113, col. 672). Cited in Lieu, Samuel;
540:From Constantine to Julian: A Source History
256:Numismatica Ars Classica NAC AG, Auction 125
231:were made caesares alongside Licinius' son
709:
695:
213:After Licinius's indecisive defeat at the
36:
488:Constantine and the Conversion of Europe
518:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
2070:
635:DiMaio, Michael, "Valens (316 A.D.)",
591:
371:at N.C. Lieu, D. Montserrat, 1996 p.58
266:
690:
566:
481:
417:
330:
318:
570:Constantine and the Christian Empire
333:"Tetrarchic Practice in Name Giving"
598:The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180–395
151:In 316 Valens held the position of
13:
368:Excerpta de legationibus ad gentes
14:
2119:
628:
499:
437:
567:Odahl, Charles Matson (2004).
423:
399:
374:
359:
324:
260:
249:
194:clearly indicates that he was
1:
2088:4th-century murdered monarchs
476:Origo Constantini Imperatoris
453:
406:Origo Constantini Imperatoris
338:Diokletian und die Tetrarchie
220:Origo Constantini Imperatoris
67:
47:of Valerius Valens struck in
16:Roman emperor from 316 to 317
559:(includes an translation of
272:"Lactantius and Constantine"
242:
158:("duke of the frontier") in
146:
7:
493:University of Toronto Press
10:
2124:
2083:4th-century Roman emperors
1982:Constantine XI Palaiologos
1933:Andronikos III Palaiologos
1820:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
523:Cambridge University Press
20:
2058:
1990:
1955:Andronikos IV Palaiologos
1923:Andronikos II Palaiologos
1748:Constantine IX Monomachos
1436:
1333:
1216:
1043:
881:
729:
675:
659:
651:
646:
113:
108:
104:
96:
88:
84:
62:
55:
35:
30:
1918:Michael VIII Palaiologos
277:Journal of Roman Studies
125:Aurelius Valerius Valens
114:Aurelius Valerius Valens
21:Not to be confused with
2093:Executed Roman emperors
1773:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1407:Tiberius II Constantine
143:, emperor of the West.
1928:Michael IX Palaiologos
460:Sextus Aurelius Victor
211:
2022:Thessalonian emperors
2016:Trapezuntine emperors
1977:John VIII Palaiologos
1972:Manuel II Palaiologos
1943:John VI Kantakouzenos
1859:Andronikos I Komnenos
1696:Constantine Lekapenos
724:and empresses regnant
513:"Aur. Val. Valens 13"
465:Epitome de Caesaribus
431:Epitome de Caesaribus
331:Cambi, Nenad (2012).
207:
190:(heir apparent), but
1960:John VII Palaiologos
1908:Theodore II Laskaris
1768:Constantine X Doukas
1708:Nikephoros II Phokas
1891:Theodore I Laskaris
1876:Alexios III Angelos
1854:Alexios II Komnenos
1778:Romanos IV Diogenes
1733:Romanos III Argyros
1679:Romanos I Lekapenos
593:Potter, David Stone
535:Montserrat, Dominic
471:Anonymus Valesianus
388:Montserrat, Dominic
192:numismatic evidence
2010:Britannic emperors
2004:Palmyrene emperors
1938:John V Palaiologos
1881:Alexios IV Angelos
1830:Constantine Doukas
1825:Alexios I Komnenos
1813:Constantine Doukas
1796:Michael VII Doukas
1758:Michael VI Bringas
1324:Romulus Augustulus
947:Trebonianus Gallus
940:Herennius Etruscus
722:Byzantine emperors
531:Lieu, Samuel N. C.
365:Petrus Patricius,
345:. pp. 38–45.
321:, p. 305 n.9.
268:Barnes, Timothy D.
2065:
2064:
1903:John III Vatatzes
1849:Manuel I Komnenos
1588:Michael I Rangabe
1432:
1431:
1274:Petronius Maximus
873:Severus Alexander
841:Septimius Severus
685:
684:
676:Succeeded by
561:Origo Constantini
505:Martindale, J. R.
383:Patrologia Graeca
168:Battle of Cibalae
122:
121:
118:
117:
100:After 1 March 317
2115:
1913:John IV Laskaris
1886:Alexios V Doukas
1871:Isaac II Angelos
1837:John II Komnenos
1763:Isaac I Komnenos
1723:Constantine VIII
1713:John I Tzimiskes
1440:Byzantine Empire
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1213:
711:
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697:
688:
687:
652:Preceded by
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341:. Vol. 98.
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322:
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253:
215:Battle of Mardia
203:Petrus Patricius
162:. On October 8,
106:
105:
69:
40:
28:
27:
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2122:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2054:
1998:Gallic emperors
1986:
1674:Constantine VII
1455:Constantine III
1442:
1439:
1428:
1337:
1329:
1268:Valentinian III
1256:Constantius III
1250:Priscus Attalus
1234:Constantine III
1220:
1212:
1102:Valerius Valens
1047:
1039:
885:
877:
836:Didius Julianus
816:Marcus Aurelius
733:
725:
715:
681:
667:
666:316–317
665:
657:
631:
618:(5th century),
609:
585:
555:
511:, eds. (1971).
501:Jones, A. H. M.
483:Jones, A. H. M.
462:(4th century),
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92:Aurelius Valens
71:
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31:Valerius Valens
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2111:
2110:
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2030:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1994:
1992:
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1969:
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1755:
1753:Theodora (III)
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1661:
1649:
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1603:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1568:Constantine VI
1565:
1560:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1532:Theodosius III
1529:
1524:
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1507:
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1497:
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1477:Constantine IV
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1335:Eastern Empire
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1218:Western Empire
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1210:
1203:
1191:Magnus Maximus
1187:
1185:Valentinian II
1182:
1177:
1172:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
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1124:
1119:
1117:Constantius II
1114:
1112:Constantine II
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813:
811:Antoninus Pius
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793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
737:
735:
734:27 BC – AD 235
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647:Regnal titles
642:
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629:External links
627:
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625:
623:, Book II, 20.
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525:. p. 931.
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446:, Book II, 20.
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290:10.2307/299163
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66:October 316 –
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1158:Valentinian I
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1080:Constantine I
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1070:Constantius I
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1965:Andronikos V
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1578:Nikephoros I
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1510:Justinian II
1505:Tiberius III
1495:Justinian II
1486:
1480:
1463:
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1387:Anastasius I
1378:
1322:
1318:Julius Nepos
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1189:
1180:Theodosius I
1167:
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1097:Maximinus II
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70:February 317
42:
18:
2024:(1224–1242)
2018:(1204–1461)
1807:Konstantios
1684:Christopher
1657:Constantine
1647:Michael III
1628:Constantine
1611:Constantine
1593:Theophylact
1522:Philippicus
1472:Constans II
1397:Justinian I
1293:Severus III
1241:Constans II
995:Claudius II
971:Silbannacus
918:Gordian III
893:Maximinus I
861:Diadumenian
621:New History
233:Licinius II
2078:317 deaths
2072:Categories
1801:Andronikos
1789:Nikephoros
1738:Michael IV
1703:Romanos II
1623:Theophilos
1618:Michael II
1599:Staurakios
1583:Staurakios
1555:Nikephoros
1548:Artabasdos
1460:Heraclonas
1417:Theodosius
1375:Basiliscus
1135:Nepotianus
1128:Magnentius
1122:Constans I
1075:Severus II
1055:Diocletian
1000:Quintillus
965:Aemilianus
958:Volusianus
903:Gordian II
868:Elagabalus
731:Principate
454:References
418:Odahl 2004
343:De Gruyter
319:Odahl 2004
229:Constans I
76:, against
49:Alexandria
2108:Tetrarchy
2043:Classical
2028:Empresses
2012:(286–296)
2006:(267–273)
2000:(260–274)
1743:Michael V
1669:Alexander
1482:Heraclius
1450:Heraclius
1402:Justin II
1312:Glycerius
1299:Anthemius
1169:Procopius
1107:Martinian
1086:Maxentius
1015:Florianus
988:Saloninus
983:Gallienus
952:Hostilian
928:Philip II
898:Gordian I
846:Caracalla
781:Vespasian
776:Vitellius
575:Routledge
545:Routledge
306:163051414
284:: 29–46.
243:Citations
237:Martinian
147:Biography
2038:Usurpers
2033:Augustae
1991:See also
1896:Nicholas
1718:Basil II
1515:Tiberius
1500:Leontius
1488:Tiberius
1465:Tiberius
1443:610–1453
1438:Eastern/
1392:Justin I
1345:Arcadius
1305:Olybrius
1287:Majorian
1228:Honorius
1207:Eugenius
1142:Vetranio
1092:Licinius
1065:Galerius
1060:Maximian
1045:Dominate
1035:Numerian
1005:Aurelian
978:Valerian
923:Philip I
913:Balbinus
908:Pupienus
856:Macrinus
831:Pertinax
826:Commodus
791:Domitian
756:Claudius
751:Caligula
746:Tiberius
741:Augustus
679:Licinius
671:Licinius
655:Licinius
595:(2004).
537:(2002).
485:(1949).
396:. p. 48.
390:(2002).
270:(1973).
196:augustus
181:augustus
172:Licinius
170:against
137:Licinius
129:Valens I
74:Licinius
2103:Valerii
2098:Aurelii
2048:Eastern
1948:Matthew
1842:Alexios
1690:Stephen
1652:Basil I
1537:Leo III
1412:Maurice
1355:Marcian
1338:395–610
1262:Joannes
1221:395–480
1175:Gratian
1048:284–610
1030:Carinus
1010:Tacitus
886:235–285
806:Hadrian
639:(1996).
616:Zosimus
444:Zosimus
176:Sirmium
156:limitis
1810:&
1786:&
1693:&
1664:Leo VI
1640:Thekla
1596:&
1563:Leo IV
1485:&
1424:Phocas
1380:Marcus
1365:Leo II
1281:Avitus
1198:Victor
1163:Valens
1153:Jovian
1148:Julian
1020:Probus
955:&
935:Decius
883:Crisis
801:Trajan
668:With:
605:
581:
551:
434:40, 9.
349:
304:
298:299163
296:
187:caesar
72:(with
44:Follis
23:Valens
1606:Leo V
1573:Irene
1360:Leo I
1025:Carus
796:Nerva
786:Titus
766:Galba
718:Roman
302:S2CID
294:JSTOR
160:Dacia
109:Names
63:Reign
1962:(w.
1945:(w.
1893:(w.
1864:John
1861:(w.
1839:(w.
1827:(w.
1798:(w.
1780:(w.
1681:(w.
1654:(w.
1637:(w.
1625:(w.
1608:(w.
1590:(w.
1551:(w.
1512:(w.
1479:(w.
1462:(w.
1414:(w.
1377:(w.
1370:Zeno
1237:(w.
1194:(w.
985:(w.
949:(w.
937:(w.
925:(w.
858:(w.
851:Geta
771:Otho
761:Nero
720:and
603:ISBN
579:ISBN
549:ISBN
347:ISBN
227:and
97:Died
89:Born
1783:Leo
1728:Zoe
974:(?)
637:DIR
408:18.
286:doi
154:dux
2074::
1804:,
1687:,
577:.
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68:c.
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710:e
703:t
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355:.
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288::
80:)
25:.
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