40:
215:
235:(1929), is her best-known work; its poems have often been anthologised. It expresses an awareness of her separation from "loved and lost London", and themes of religious thought and nature that marked all her work. Her later collections include poems for which there had been no place in the first collection, and memorial poems to Pollen. Her poetry is ascribed by the
227:
said, "She was surprised that people admired her 'garden' poems, often written as casual messages to friends.... By the late 1920s, she was also writing the more deliberate and intellectually adventurous poems which took their place in her later two books." After Pollen's death, she sold Rise
Cottage
222:
Bethell only began to write poetry at the age of about 50. Most of it was written during her years at Rise
Cottage with Pollen. At first she had no design to publish her poems, but wrote them as messages to send in letters to her friends. She was deeply affected by Pollen's death in 1934, writing to
196:
In 1924 Bethell permanently settled in New
Zealand, in the Cashmere Hills near Christchurch. She bought a newly built home, Rise Cottage in Westenra Terrace, which she shared with another returnee New Zealander, Effie Pollen. The theory that Bethell's relationship with Pollen was homosexual (which
192:
and a Swiss finishing school. She returned to New
Zealand in 1892 and devoted herself to charitable work, before again returning to Europe in 1895 to study painting in Geneva and music in Dresden. Having enough private wealth to support herself, she took up social work in London with the Anglican
142:, and began writing poems about the landscape. Although she considered herself "by birth and choice English", and spent her life travelling between England and New Zealand, she was one of the first distinctively New Zealand poets, seen today as a pioneer of its modern poetry.
154:, Surrey, England, in 1874. Her parents had both lived in New Zealand in the 1860s, but returned to London where they married. Shortly after her birth, in 1875, her parents returned with her to New Zealand, where her two younger siblings were born. She was educated at
223:
a friend that the event was "a complete shattering of my life.... from her I have had love, tenderness, and understanding... and close and happy companionship". She wrote little more afterwards, so that most of her output dates from the one decade of 1924 to 1934.
246:, visiting Bethell in the late 1930s, found her at "the centre of an astonishingly diverse circle of interesting people, many of the younger of whom were so close to her that she almost directed their lives." Among them were the crime writer
277:
All
Bethell's work appeared anonymously, as she felt that publicity in "provincial New Zealand" would be a "painful affair". She said her pseudonym, Evelyn Hayes, came from a great-great-grandfather, Sir Henry Hayes of
205:
in 1997. Bethell herself described the relationship as "prevailingly maternal", but there is no way of knowing for sure what the relationship between them was, except that it was a close and loving relationship.
316:
said that in literature "New
Zealand wasn't truly discovered, in fact, until Ursula Bethell, 'very earnestly digging', raised her head to look at the mountains. Almost everyone had been blind before."
193:
organisation Women
Workers for God, or "Grey Ladies". She continued to perform social work in a religious context in England and New Zealand, travelling between the two, including in the war years.
302:
appeared posthumously in 1950 and was reprinted in 1985 with an introduction by O'Sullivan. In 1948, after her death, several New
Zealand authors contributed personal reflections to
1005:
346:
founded the Ursula
Bethell Residency in Creative Writing to support and encourage New Zealand writing. It goes to writers of "proven merit". Notable recipients have included
1010:
239:"a plainness and spareness (as well as freshness of image) which distinguishes it from the more ornamented verse the country had previously produced."
290:
heiress." In later life, she became less keen to be anonymous, and before her death asked that her collected poems be published under her own name.
336:
1030:
312:
opined, "New
Zealand has produced no other poetry so clearly original and so delicately sensitive as Ursula Bethell's." The poet and journalist
1025:
785:
676:
980:
150:
Bethell was the eldest daughter of the well-to-do sheep farmer Richard Bethell and his wife Isabel Anne, née Lillie, and was born in
224:
197:
would have sat ill with her Anglicanism and her social aspirations in that period) was explored in some detail by the fellow poet
1000:
532:
162:, and developed a love of the Canterbury landscape that would last for the rest of her life. In later years, she wrote of the
914:
801:
700:
995:
1020:
975:
566:
184:
Her father died in April 1885. Two years later, at age 15, she travelled back to England and boarded with the family of
159:
1015:
838:
571:
450:
416:
22:
990:
138:, with her companion Effie Pollen, where she created a sheltered garden with views over the city and towards the
130:; 6 October 1874 – 15 January 1945), was a New Zealand poet. She settled at the age of 50 at Rise Cottage on the
39:
189:
985:
313:
637:
343:
950:
793:
739:
684:
163:
399:, ed. Helen Simpson, (Christchurch: Caxton Press, 1950), (Kindle edition 2016, ASIN: B016QNELZ4)
610:
202:
940:
904:
263:
259:
131:
860:
Letter to Sidgwick and Jackson, Bethel's London publishers, July 1929. Quoted by O'Sullivan.
828:
970:
965:
692:
255:
599:, ed. Virginia Blain, Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy (London: Batsford, 1990), p. 90.
8:
873:
303:
946:
910:
834:
797:
767:
706:
696:
490:
446:
412:
309:
688:
502:
185:
355:
251:
243:
959:
710:
347:
323:(1945) (in which 19 of her poems were printed, more than any other poet) and
198:
155:
139:
561:
507:
445:(4th ed.). Wellington, NZ: Bridget Williams Books Ltd. pp. 83–86.
271:
267:
135:
87:
279:
247:
405:, ed. Vincent O’Sullivan, (Wellington: Victoria University Press, 1985 )
228:
and moved into a room in a house she had gifted to the Anglican church.
351:
283:
214:
411:, ed. Peter Whiteford (Wellington: Victoria University Press, 2005).
332:
123:
744:(2nd ed.). Wellington, New Zealand: Victoria University Press
319:
She featured prominently in both of Curnow's notable anthologies,
173:
out, out of the house, out of the garden, out under the wide sky.
298:
Bethell died in Christchurch on 15 January 1945. A volume of her
287:
151:
70:
790:
The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Literature in English
237:
Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Literature in English
943:, author page at the New Zealand Electronic Poetry Centre
266:. She acted as a mentor to younger local poets, notably
441:
Mary, Alison; Laura, Valerie (1995). "Ursula Bethell".
833:. Wellington, New Zealand: Oxford University Press.
443:
The Book of New Zealand Women: Ko Kui Ma Te Kaupapa
1006:People educated at Christchurch Girls' High School
409:Vibrant with Words: The Letters of Ursula Bethell
957:
733:
731:
729:
727:
638:"Secrets of Felicity: Letters of Ursula Bethell"
188:, who became a lifelong friend, as she attended
822:
820:
597:The Feminist Companion to Literature in English
1011:People educated at Oxford High School, England
737:
681:The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature
555:
553:
533:"Ursula Bethell Residency in Creative Writing"
724:
679:. In Robinson, Roger; Wattie, Nelson (eds.).
171:It was the river, the river. We played there,
145:
902:
817:
738:O'Sullivan, Vincent (1997). "Introduction".
484:
482:
868:
866:
550:
527:
525:
480:
478:
476:
474:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
903:Wedde, Ian; McQueen, Harvey, eds. (1985).
592:
590:
588:
38:
674:
506:
488:
440:
874:"Ursula Bethell: Some Personal Memories"
863:
783:
779:
777:
775:
522:
459:
262:and J. H. E. Schroder, and the musician
213:
756:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
585:
495:KĹŤtare: New Zealand Notes & Queries
1031:20th-century New Zealand women writers
958:
826:
629:
436:
434:
432:
209:
906:The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse
772:
635:
329:The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse
325:The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse
321:A Book of New Zealand Verse 1923–1945
762:Janet Charman: "My Ursula Bethell",
693:10.1093/acref/9780195583489.001.0001
655:
642:New Zealand Electronic Poetry Centre
615:New Zealand Electronic Poetry Centre
376:Poems From a Garden in the Antipodes
371:(London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1929)
608:
567:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
429:
293:
13:
909:. Auckland, New Zealand: Penguin.
361:
14:
1042:
1026:20th-century pseudonymous writers
934:
572:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
559:
23:Ursula Bethell, Baroness Westbury
981:British emigrants to New Zealand
830:Indirections: A Memoir 1909–1947
282:, who was "deported for life to
896:
854:
766:14.2 (Spring 1998), pp. 91–108
741:Ursula Bethell: Collected Poems
233:From a Garden in the Antipodies
201:, as a visiting scholar at the
160:Christchurch Girls' High School
1001:20th-century New Zealand poets
602:
489:Whiteford, Peter (June 2008).
393:, (Christchurch: Caxton, 1939)
391:Day and Night: Poems 1924–1934
369:From a Garden in the Antipodes
254:, the artists R. H. Field and
1:
784:Stringer, Jenny, ed. (2005).
422:
286:for attempted abduction of a
45:
382:(Christchurch: Caxton, 1936)
190:Oxford High School for Girls
7:
996:New Zealand Anglo-Catholics
491:"Ursula Bethell, 1874–1945"
10:
1047:
1021:Pseudonymous women writers
976:New Zealand social workers
308:. The educator and writer
146:Background and social work
20:
16:New Zealand poet 1874–1945
675:Whiteford, Peter (2006).
102:
94:
77:
55:
37:
30:
1016:People from Christchurch
827:Brasch, Charles (1980).
677:"Bethell, (Mary) Ursula"
617:. University of Auckland
537:University of Canterbury
344:University of Canterbury
21:Not to be confused with
991:New Zealand women poets
951:Read NZ Te Pou Muramura
794:Oxford University Press
768:Retrieved 8 April 2015.
764:Women's Studies Journal
685:Oxford University Press
508:10.26686/knznq.v7i3.707
242:The New Zealand writer
156:Rangiora Primary School
947:Bethell, (Mary) Ursula
231:Her first collection,
219:
203:University of Auckland
182:
611:"By The River Ashley"
562:"Mary Ursula Bethell"
327:(1960), and later in
264:Frederick Joseph Page
260:Blanche Edith Baughan
217:
179:"By The Ashley River"
168:
256:Evelyn Margaret Page
385:(As "The Author of
374:(As "The Author of
210:Poet and salonnière
120:Mary Ursula Bethell
59:Mary Ursula Bethell
884:(4). December 1948
636:Whiteford, Peter.
367:(As Evelyn Hayes)
225:Vincent O'Sullivan
220:
986:New Zealand poets
916:978-0-1404-2333-4
803:978-0-1917-2757-3
786:"Bethell, Ursula"
702:978-0-1917-3519-6
609:Bethell, Ursula.
331:(1985) edited by
310:Crawford Somerset
117:
116:
73:, Surrey, England
1038:
928:
927:
925:
923:
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
870:
861:
858:
852:
851:
849:
847:
824:
815:
814:
812:
810:
781:
770:
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
735:
722:
721:
719:
717:
672:
653:
652:
650:
648:
633:
627:
626:
624:
622:
606:
600:
594:
583:
582:
580:
578:
560:Laura, Valerie.
557:
548:
547:
545:
543:
529:
520:
519:
517:
515:
510:
486:
457:
456:
438:
314:D'Arcy Cresswell
294:Death and legacy
180:
84:
67:
65:
50:
47:
44:Ursula Bethell,
42:
28:
27:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1035:
956:
955:
937:
932:
931:
921:
919:
917:
901:
897:
887:
885:
872:
871:
864:
859:
855:
845:
843:
841:
825:
818:
808:
806:
804:
782:
773:
761:
757:
747:
745:
736:
725:
715:
713:
703:
673:
656:
646:
644:
634:
630:
620:
618:
607:
603:
595:
586:
576:
574:
558:
551:
541:
539:
531:
530:
523:
513:
511:
487:
460:
453:
439:
430:
425:
403:Collected Poems
397:Collected Poems
364:
362:Published works
300:Collected Poems
296:
250:, the essayist
218:Bethell in 1942
212:
181:
178:
175:
172:
148:
86:
82:
81:15 January 1945
69:
63:
61:
60:
51:
48:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1044:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
954:
953:
944:
941:Ursula Bethell
936:
935:External links
933:
930:
929:
915:
895:
862:
853:
839:
816:
802:
771:
755:
723:
701:
654:
628:
601:
584:
549:
521:
458:
451:
427:
426:
424:
421:
420:
419:
406:
400:
394:
387:Time and Place
383:
380:Time and Place
372:
363:
360:
356:Eleanor Catton
337:Harvey McQueen
295:
292:
252:M. H. Holcroft
244:Charles Brasch
211:
208:
176:
169:
147:
144:
115:
114:
113:
112:
109:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
85:(aged 70)
79:
75:
74:
68:6 October 1874
57:
53:
52:
43:
35:
34:
32:Ursula Bethell
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1043:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
961:
952:
949:, profile at
948:
945:
942:
939:
938:
918:
912:
908:
907:
899:
883:
879:
875:
869:
867:
857:
842:
840:0-19-558050-8
836:
832:
831:
823:
821:
805:
799:
795:
791:
787:
780:
778:
776:
769:
765:
759:
743:
742:
734:
732:
730:
728:
712:
708:
704:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
643:
639:
632:
616:
612:
605:
598:
593:
591:
589:
573:
569:
568:
563:
556:
554:
538:
534:
528:
526:
509:
504:
500:
496:
492:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
454:
452:0-908912-04-8
448:
444:
437:
435:
433:
428:
418:
417:9780864735041
414:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
388:
384:
381:
377:
373:
370:
366:
365:
359:
357:
353:
349:
348:Margaret Mahy
345:
342:In 1979, the
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
306:
301:
291:
289:
285:
281:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
229:
226:
216:
207:
204:
200:
199:Janet Charman
194:
191:
187:
174:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
143:
141:
140:Southern Alps
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
111:social worker
110:
107:
106:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:, New Zealand
89:
80:
76:
72:
58:
54:
41:
36:
29:
24:
19:
920:. Retrieved
905:
898:
886:. Retrieved
881:
877:
856:
844:. Retrieved
829:
807:. Retrieved
789:
763:
758:
746:. Retrieved
740:
714:. Retrieved
680:
645:. Retrieved
641:
631:
619:. Retrieved
614:
604:
596:
575:. Retrieved
565:
540:. Retrieved
536:
512:. Retrieved
498:
494:
442:
408:
402:
396:
390:
386:
379:
375:
368:
341:
328:
324:
320:
318:
304:
299:
297:
276:
272:Denis Glover
268:Allen Curnow
258:, the poets
241:
236:
232:
230:
221:
195:
183:
170:
164:Ashley River
149:
136:Christchurch
128:Evelyn Hayes
127:
119:
118:
98:Evelyn Hayes
88:Christchurch
83:(1945-01-15)
18:
971:1945 deaths
966:1874 births
922:14 December
888:14 December
846:12 December
809:14 December
748:14 December
716:14 December
647:14 December
621:11 February
577:10 December
542:14 December
514:14 December
248:Ngaio Marsh
186:Ruth Mayhew
134:Hills near
49: 1900
960:Categories
423:References
352:Keri Hulme
284:Botany Bay
103:Occupation
64:1874-10-06
711:865265749
501:(3): 90.
333:Ian Wedde
124:pseudonym
878:Landfall
305:Landfall
177:—
132:Cashmere
95:Pen name
152:Horsell
71:Horsell
913:
837:
800:
709:
699:
449:
415:
288:Quaker
924:2020
911:ISBN
890:2020
848:2020
835:ISBN
811:2020
798:ISBN
750:2020
718:2020
707:OCLC
697:ISBN
649:2020
623:2021
579:2011
544:2020
516:2020
447:ISBN
413:ISBN
354:and
335:and
280:Cork
270:and
158:and
108:Poet
78:Died
56:Born
689:doi
503:doi
389:")
378:")
962::
880:.
876:.
865:^
819:^
796:.
792:.
788:.
774:^
726:^
705:.
695:.
687:.
683:.
657:^
640:.
613:.
587:^
570:.
564:.
552:^
535:.
524:^
497:.
493:.
461:^
431:^
358:.
350:,
339:.
274:.
166::
126:,
46:c.
926:.
892:.
882:2
850:.
813:.
752:.
720:.
691::
651:.
625:.
581:.
546:.
518:.
505::
499:7
455:.
122:(
66:)
62:(
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
