1285:
514:. But gradually, the organisation's emphasis on extortion and smuggling of weapons in the name of furthering the 'revolution' led to mindless violence throughout the state. It witnessed a period marked by growing disillusionment and anger amid supporters. In their bloody conflict with the security forces, many innocent civilians were killed and several thousand were permanently maimed. It is estimated that more than 10 thousand local youths perished during that turbulent period. In the process, owing to the twin factors of increasing operations by the security forces and dwindling support among its core sympathisers, ULFA's importance in Assam has been declined drastically.
133:
540:, largely because of the immense popularity it enjoyed during the first decade of its struggle as well as its economic power which in turn helped it in bolstering its military capabilities. In the early 1990s, ULFA launched an aggressive campaign with victims such as security forces, political opponents, and blasting rail links. In July 1991 the front captured and held 14 people for ransom, included in the abductees was an engineer and a national of the Soviet Union. From the 1990s on the ULFA have continued to carry out attacks.
25:
1205:
communities for recruitment. According to intelligence sources, the Paresh Baruah faction of the Ulfa, which have been continuously raising its voice against the ongoing peace process being initiated by the
Arabinda Rajkhowa faction, is engaged in a massive recruitment drive in the rural areas of Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, Sivasagar, Lakhimpur and Nalbari districts of Assam. The Ulfa also has strong following among the
399:
605:, due to continuous defeat of his Organization. The report also stated that a small batch of militants had also taken refuge along with him. Paresh Baruah had previously visited China in the 1980s. In December 2003, China spurned ULFA's chairman Arabinda Rajkhowa appeal to provide safe passage to the rebels from Bhutan.
1326:
The total number of ULFA militants to have laid down arms has gone up to 8,718. 4,993 cadres surrendered between 1991 and 1998. 3,435 surrendered between 1998 and 2005, when a new policy to deal with the ULFA was unveiled. On 24 January 2012, one of northeast India's biggest surrender ceremonies took
1204:
hailed from a place which is just a few kilometres from
Guwahati. However, with the educated Assamese urban middle class becoming increasingly sceptical of ULFA's method of functioning, the ULFA targeted the remote villages and the predominantly backward areas of predominantly marginalised indigenous
1387:
Between 2009 and 2018, entire leadership of ULFA was either
Captured or surrendered to the government thus leading to disbanding of the all ULFA battalions, besides only part of 27th battalion renamed as Kapili Gut remained. Currently, there are no commanders other than Paresh Baruah. All the others
1190:
trains and government buildings, including 7 August 2005 attack on oil pipelines in Assam. ULFA carried out a bombing and destruction of a five million-liter petrol reservoir at Digboi refinery in
Tinsukia, with an estimated property loss of Rs 200million. On the same day they also damaged a gas
1217:
After 1985 and before it was banned in 1990, ULFA was credited in the media with many public activities. It has continued a public discourse of sorts through the local media (newspapers), occasionally publishing its position on political issues centred around the nationality question. It has
1199:
In the initial years of the ULFA movement (when it used to enjoy widespread public support in both urban and rural areas of Assam among the indigenous
Assamese people), cadres were recruited from rural areas as well as from many towns in Lower Assam, Northern and Upper Assam and middle Assam
1156:
In
January 2007, the ULFA once again struck in Assam killing approximately 62 Hindi-speaking migrant workers mostly from Bihar. ULFA notoriety as a directionless and unpopular organisation increased, as the bomb blast victims also included several indigenous Assamese people.
1365:, resulted in a temporary truce in August 2006. However, the truce collapsed by September 23rd due to ULFA's resumption of violent activities against civilians, primarily targeting tea estates and oil pipelines. They also violated the ceasefire by attacking army columns.
1152:
of Assam in which 13 people died, mainly women and school children. This explosion was carried out by ULFA. The ULFA has obliquely accepted responsibility for the blast. This appears to be the first instance of ULFA admitting to public killings with an incendiary device.
621:, as a part of his government's counter-insurgency strategy, unidentified gunmen had assassinated a number of family members of ULFA leaders. With the fall of this government following elections in 2001, the secret killings stopped. Dinesh Barua, the elder brother of
1423:, leader of the anti-talks faction of the ULFA, termed the tripartite peace agreement signed with the pro-talks faction of the outfit as 'shameful' and was unwilling to come to the negotiating table unless the issue of 'Assam's sovereignty' is discussed.
543:
Till the late 2000s, it maintained a number of camps in
Bangladesh, where members are trained and sheltered away from Indian security forces. In April 2004, Bangladesh police and Coast Guard intercepted massive amounts of illegal arms and ammunition, at
1348:
Despite dropping the first two key preconditions in 2004 and expressing readiness for talks, the United
Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) faced an Indian government unwilling to negotiate on sovereignty. However, progress emerged when ULFA formed the
656:
SMF had formed three full-fledged so-called battalions: the 7th, 28th, and the 709th. While remaining battalions exist only on paper at best they have the strengths of a company or so. Their allocated spheres of operation are as follows:
1307:
on 31 December 1991. He had opposed surrenders, but they began after his death. The group has been meeting more local opposition as residents are tired of the violence and disruption, and some energy has gone out of the movement.
637:, then the Assam Home Minister. They were executed by the police. The gunmen were former members of ULFA who had surrendered to the government. They approached their targets at home, at night, knocking on the door and speaking in
1411:. This resulted in the disbandment of ULFA, the vacating of all designated camps, and the surrender of 8,200 cadres. The accord carried a Rs 1.5 lakh crore financial package, which includes setting up of an
632:
Government investigations into the killings culminated in the report of the "Saikia
Commission", presented to the Assam Assembly on 15 November 2007. The report describes how the killings were organised by
1132:
During that period ULFA was already losing its popularity and ground across many pockets in Assam where it had strongholds. However, ULFA took this situation as an opportunity to fan an opposition against
1860:
467:
began in 1990 and continue into the present. On 5 December 2009, the chairman and the deputy commander-in-chief of ULFA was taken into Indian custody. In 2011, there was a major crackdown on the ULFA in
1368:
On 24 June 2008, some leaders and cadres of the A and C companies of ULFA declared unilateral ceasefire at a press meet held at
Amarpur in Tinsukia district. They declared the ceasefire to pressure the
1330:
In 2003, ULFA had put forward a set of three preconditions for talks and negotiations with the Indian government. Thought government had rejected these preconditions. The preconditions were:
649:
During the 1990s and 2000s, the total strength of ULFA was stated to be around 3,000, while various other sources put the figure ranging from 4,000 to 6,000. A military wing of the ULFA, the
548:, being loaded into 10 trucks and intended for ULFA. A total of 50 were charged with arms smuggling and arms offenses, including former high-level Bangladesh political appointees including
2245:
503:, Bhupen Borgohain, Pradip Gogoi, Bhadreshwar Gohain and Budheswar Gogoi. The organisation's purpose was to engage in an armed struggle to form a separate independent state of Assam.
2332:
1788:
1702:
986:
was an exclusive and near autonomous striking group of the ULFA. It is known to a few top leaders of the outfit and the cadres were isolated from the others. It was designed for
3183:
521:(KIA) and the Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN). In 1986 it launched a fundraising "campaign" across India by way of extortion. It then began to set up camps in
517:
Recruiting for the front did not begin until 1983. Soon after it finished recruitment in 1984, it began to seek out training and arms procurement from other groups such as the
2228:
2373:
3345:
2311:
1327:
place in Assam's main city of Guwahati, when a total of 676 militants laid down their weapons. In 2020, 1,675 militants of ULFA(I) and allied militant groups surrendered.
1319:
without any liabilities to help them re-integrate into society. This loose group, now called SULFA, has become an important element in the armed politics and business of
476:
in bringing ULFA leaders to talks. In January 2010, ULFA softened its stance and dropped demands for independence as a condition for talks with the Government of India.
268:
3036:
2567:
1361:, initial talks occurred at Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's residence in December 2005. Three rounds of peace talks with the 11-member PCG, led by Assamese writer
1048:, a social activist and a relative of a high ranking Indian diplomat, was kidnapped and killed. The highest government officer assassinated by the group was local
1505:
3340:
3045:
1864:
1284:
1930:
2453:
479:
On 3 September 2011, a tripartite agreement for "Suspension of Operations" agreement was signed by the Indian government, the Assam government and the ULFA.
1834:
510:. The majority of the supporters felt that a powerful organization was necessary to get the voice of a peripheral region heard in the corridors of power in
2605:
1037:
On the ULFA's Army Day on 16 March 2003, an IED explosion under a bus on National Highway No. 7 killed six civilians and wounded approximately 55 others.
1416:
1377:
and Jiten Dutta (who had managed to escape from the cordon of Indian Army in Dibru Saikhowa National Park). The group later renamed as ULFA (Pro-talk).
1357:, ULFA suffered significant losses in leadership, personnel, and infrastructure, prompting their return to the negotiating table in 2005. According to
1681:
597:
In 2008, News Services reported citing Indian police and intelligence officials reported ULFA's commander-in-chief Paresh Baruah had taken refuge in
591:
1311:
In 1992 a large section of second-rung leaders and members surrendered to government authorities. These former members were allowed to retain their
2271:
42:
1903:
3320:
2578:
1957:
89:
3124:
3029:
2785:
1353:
in September 2005, aiming to pave the way for negotiations. The government welcomed this initiative. Following sustained army operations in
61:
2735:
1388:
have been downgraded to staff and workers. As per the leaders of the insurgent group, the crackdown against Indian insurgent groups by the
428:. It seeks to establish an independent sovereign nation state of Assam for the indigenous Assamese people through an armed struggle in the
1885:
3330:
2448:
1370:
218:
1710:
1373:
of ULFA to sit on negotiation table with the Government of India. But the top brass of ULFA expelled the leaders of 28 Battalion led by
2856:
68:
2866:
2861:
1732:
452:
3022:
2993:
2815:
2770:
2755:
2598:
1467:
2851:
1113:
In resentment, conflicts arose with train passengers from North Eastern Indians states passing through some of the stations like
75:
3335:
3325:
3213:
3119:
2998:
2780:
2705:
1164:
to unilaterally bow down and seek asylum from the government. This particular one-sided ceasefire broke the backbone of ULFA.
3350:
3305:
3109:
3014:
2775:
2085:
1536:
583:
2208:
1438:
The leftover faction of ULFA has allegedly been using China for shelter following expulsion from both Burma and Bangladesh.
1218:
participated in public debates with public figures from Assam. During the last two local elections, the ULFA had called for
625:, was taken from his house at night by unidentified Assamese men, Later his body was found lying near a cremation center in
57:
3264:
3114:
3003:
2102:
530:
2294:
3198:
2725:
2591:
390:
372:
2471:
2353:
1555:
629:. ULFA's self-styled Publicity Secretary, Mithinga Daimary, also had his five family members killed during this period.
1497:
1426:
The ULFA(I) faction who is not part of the peace deal, which has around 200 members are still active in their camps in
451:, former Central Publicity Secretary and spokesman of ULFA has stated that the organisation established ties with the
3315:
3178:
1015:
Daulat Singh Negi (IPS) and his PSO and driver were killed by an ambush in Lahoal of Dibrugarh district by the ULFA.
536:
In less than a decade of its formation, the ULFA emerged as one of the most powerful and violent insurgent outfit in
506:
During its heyday in the late 80s and 90s, it enjoyed popularity among many of the indigenous Assamese people of the
437:
108:
1018:
Some of the major assassinations by ULFA include that of Surendra Paul in May 1990, the brother of businessman Lord
3284:
3233:
3228:
3203:
3094:
2810:
2740:
2394:
1629:
1222:. Media reports suggest that it used its forces to intimidate activists and supporters of the then-ruling parties (
1008:
587:
1831:
3274:
3223:
2846:
2647:
2637:
1412:
1095:
3173:
2730:
2679:
1457:
1350:
1106:
and other states were beaten up and stopped from taking the exam by some elements who were seeking 100 percent
46:
1064:, discovered at a destroyed ULFA camp in Lakhipathar forest, showed evidence of executions committed by ULFA.
3310:
2642:
2614:
2417:
1452:
383:
82:
2161:
2710:
1599:
1354:
324:
641:
to allay suspicion. When the victims answered the door, they were shot or kidnapped to be shot elsewhere.
3365:
3061:
2800:
2667:
1843:
2279:
3355:
3218:
3104:
2927:
2841:
2790:
2715:
2652:
1789:"Ulfa's misplaced sense of aggression against Dalai Lama underscores its eagerness to keep China happy"
552:
ministers and National Security Intelligence military officers, as well as prominent businessmen, and
3259:
2917:
2750:
2573:
2553:
1655:
Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs (30 April 2007).
549:
1300:
has attempted to wean away members of the ULFA. This occurred due to the death of the ULFA's deputy
3152:
3147:
2760:
2457:
1477:
1472:
1223:
518:
1577:
3099:
3089:
2932:
2836:
2745:
2695:
2657:
2374:"Peace accord 'shameful', political settlement not possible when goals, ideals given up: ULFA(I)"
1243:
460:
35:
3208:
2977:
1832:"Ex-Industries Secretary Nurul Amin was informed of the 10-truck arms smuggling: Mobin Hossain"
1057:
1027:
673:
618:
576:
3044:
1818:
560:. He fled the country. Trials were still underway in Chittagong in 2012 under tight security.
2967:
2947:
2942:
2662:
2480:
2184:
1362:
1161:
1107:
1080:
1384:
alias Bijoy Das, Commander of 28th Battalion also surrendered to state authorities in 2013.
579:
in December 2003. These camps housed combatants and non-combatant families of ULFA members.
3254:
2972:
1762:
1304:
1201:
762:
602:
329:
1656:
1094:
In 2003, during a Railways Recruitment Board Examination for Group (D) posts conducted by
1087:
and ULFA saw it as an opportunity to regain its lost ground. The ULFA killed civilians of
529:
but was soon declared a terrorist organization by the government on 7 November, under the
132:
8:
2937:
2912:
2765:
2077:
1740:
1654:
1462:
1404:
1400:
1297:
1023:
987:
877:
707:
650:
568:
433:
366:
361:
187:
3360:
3066:
2795:
2674:
2486:
2337:
2021:
1358:
1301:
1183:
1049:
1012:
851:
721:
711:
687:
614:
507:
197:
2118:
3193:
3157:
3071:
2962:
2902:
2892:
2720:
2081:
1532:
1447:
1408:
1031:
925:
788:
717:
679:
669:
638:
572:
511:
496:
147:
2312:"ULFA leaders say crackdown in Bangladesh forced them to join peace talks with govt"
2139:
3269:
1267:
1149:
1118:
838:
703:
697:
634:
207:
3279:
3188:
3081:
2957:
2820:
2539:
2525:
2298:
2212:
2205:
2106:
2047:
1992:
1959:
ULFA leader Anup Chetia deported to India from Bangladesh, PM Modi thanks Hasina.
1838:
1374:
1099:
693:
683:
665:
443:
According to ULFA (Assamese militant) sources, it was founded on 7 April 1979 at
436:
banned the organisation in 1990 citing it as a terrorist organisation, while the
421:
233:
222:
211:
201:
191:
181:
171:
161:
151:
2583:
2515:
2505:
2491:
2100:
1160:
The Central Government made a tough response, forcing a dreaded group of ULFA -
2922:
2887:
2561:
2292:
1886:"Saikia Commission indicts former Chief Minister Mahanta for 'secret killings'"
1338:
1289:
537:
429:
2465:
2461:
2246:"63 members of 4 militant groups surrender before Assam CM Sarbananda Sonowal"
1056:
in 2000. An unsuccessful assassination attempt was made on AGP Chief Minister
3299:
3142:
3134:
2952:
2882:
2700:
2494:
ULFA cadres went to Pak via Bangla for training in explosives, say Assam cops
2378:
2316:
1420:
1381:
749:
661:
7th Bn (HQ-Sukhini) is responsible for defence of General Headquarters (GHQ).
582:
ULFA maintained close relationships with other separatist organisations like
553:
492:
143:
1396:
pushed them towards joining peace talks with the Indian government in 2011.
1242:
businessmen, bureaucrats and politicians for collecting funds. In 1997, the
2632:
2487:
Report on the most recent ULFA attack on poor migrant workers, January 2007
1905:
ULFA leader Paresh Barua, 13 others sentenced to death by Bangladesh court.
1389:
1251:
1235:
1045:
1041:
935:
864:
801:
622:
229:
157:
3046:
Organisations designated as terrorist organisations by Government of India
1179:
The ULFA has claimed responsibility for bombings of economic targets like
2907:
2897:
1206:
1072:
1053:
991:
968:
814:
775:
500:
464:
177:
167:
2333:"ULFA peace accord: history of its 44-year-long insurgency, peace talks"
1633:
1393:
1122:
1061:
1019:
545:
469:
448:
1935:
1755:
1316:
1239:
1200:
districts. One of the most popular ULFA leader of all time, the late
1180:
526:
488:
444:
333:
1266:
The ULFA is involved in other organised criminal activities such as
24:
3249:
1963:
1682:"Why the militant group ULFA matters ahead of Assam Assembly Polls"
1556:"United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) - Terrorist Group of Assam"
1247:
1168:
522:
1861:"ULFA eyeing China for shelter, commander in China-Myanmar border"
3053:
1427:
1344:
The agenda of the talks should include the independence of Assam.
1312:
1219:
1187:
1114:
822:
Deported to India from Bangladesh, Currently in Indian custody.
299:
2074:
Unheeded Hinterland: Identity and Sovereignty in Northeast India
1607:
2162:"Arunachal Pradesh Becoming Safe Haven For Militants - Sinlung"
1928:
1255:
945:
626:
598:
564:
1022:, that precipitated a situation leading to the sacking of the
608:
2618:
2418:"Assam: The Secessionist Insurgency and the Freedom of Minds"
2354:"ULFA To Be Disbanded, Says Amit Shah On Historic Peace Deal"
1320:
1315:
to defend against their former colleagues; they were offered
1279:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1103:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1068:
557:
473:
456:
425:
404:
317:
313:
303:
289:
1110:
for unemployed indigenous Assamese people in the said test.
2358:
1909:
1250:
of paying the medical bills of the ULFA cultural secretary
915:
269:
United National Liberation Front of Western South East Asia
3184:
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War
2516:"'Respect right to freedom of expression':Media to ULFA"
1238:
during its initial stages. Now it is widely reported to
1171:, injuring six persons as it celebrated its 'army day'.
1067:
In 2003, the ULFA was accused of killing labourers from
258:
United Liberation Front of Asom – Independent (ULFA-I)
1931:"ULFA's Paresh Barua sentenced to death in Bangladesh"
2568:
Assam: How Ulfa terrorism altered demographic pattern
1044:
was kidnapped along with others and killed. In 1997,
556:, military wing chief of ULFA who was then living in
463:
in 1987. Military operations against the ULFA by the
420:) is an armed militant organisation operating in the
16:
Rebel organisation operating in state of Assam, India
1273:
3346:
Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
2475:
1929:Haroon Habib, Sushanta Talukdar (31 January 2014),
1531:. New Delhi, India: SAGE Publications. p. 60.
1529:
Assam politics in post-Congress era 1985 and beyond
1399:In December 2023, a peace accord was signed by the
260:
United Liberation Front of Asom (Pro-truce faction)
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1419:, new railway and national highways in the state.
2613:
2542:Market blast kills at least 4 in Indian northeast
1814:
1812:
1810:
3297:
1040:In 1991 a Russian engineer, and national of the
757:On Run, Sentenced to death by Bangladesh court.
3341:Organisations designated as terrorist by India
2574:sandhikhyan - The e-Magazine of ULFA (Protalk)
2528:Assam on Red Alert following fresh ULFA strike
1807:
1137:' among people in Assam. They started killing
1091:origin and other outsiders of mainland India.
491:, Assam by a group of young men that included
248:7 April 1979 – 29 December 2023(44 years)
3030:
2599:
2392:
2140:"bombing of oil facilities on August 7, 2005"
1847:(BSS), 28 November 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2013
2736:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (Yasin Malik)
2460:telecast beginning 30 May 2007. On YouTube:
1630:"NIA :: Banned Terrorist Organisations"
1334:The talks should be held in a third country.
1292:meeting with the ULFA Leaders, in New Delhi.
1261:
1167:On 15 March 2007, ULFA triggered a blast in
1148:On 15 August 2004, an explosion occurred in
1733:"ULFA softens demand on Assam independence"
1071:in response to an alleged molestation of a
644:
609:Secret killings of Militants family members
472:, which greatly assisted the government of
3125:People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak
3037:
3023:
2857:Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party
2786:People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak
2606:
2592:
2556:Bomb kills 10 at India Independence Parade
2506:"Media gag must go, journalists tell ULFA"
2206:"ULFA morale hit as more cadres surrender"
1827:
1825:
1407:and the pro-talks faction of ULFA, led by
1191:pipeline in the oil district of Tinsukia.
440:lists it under "other groups of concern".
2862:Jammu Kashmir Democratic Liberation Party
1141:-speaking people mostly having origin in
990:type of operations. It was headed by the
770:Captured and killed on 31 December 1991.
453:Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2994:Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir
2771:Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam
2756:Karbi Longri N.C. Hills Liberation Front
2309:
2185:"Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF)"
1580:. Yaleglobal.yale.edu. 26 September 2012
1468:List of terrorist organisations in India
1283:
487:The ULFA was founded on 7 April 1979 in
2852:All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference
2229:"700 militants surrender arms in Assam"
2019:
1855:
1853:
1822:
1763:"Tripartite agreement signed with ULFA"
1526:
1495:
1212:
250:7 April 1979 – present (45 years)
234:
223:
212:
202:
192:
182:
172:
162:
152:
3298:
2999:Human rights issues in Northeast India
2867:United Kashmir People's National Party
2706:Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan
2395:"Will Assam agreement end insurgency?"
2020:Routray, Bibhu Prasad (23 June 2003).
1657:"Chapter 6 -- Terrorist Organizations"
1550:
1548:
1508:from the original on 28 September 2018
1174:
3321:Ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar
3110:National Democratic Front of Bodoland
3018:
2816:United People's Democratic Solidarity
2776:National Democratic Front of Bodoland
2587:
2351:
2182:
2071:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2015:
2013:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1703:"Ulfa leaders held, admit China link"
1498:"India needs talks for Assam's peace"
3265:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
3115:National Liberation Front of Tripura
2352:Achom, Debanish (29 December 2023).
2310:Karmakar, Sumir (31 December 2023).
1901:
1850:
730:
531:Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act
345:Surrendered (ULFA-pro truce faction)
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3214:Students' Islamic Movement of India
3199:International Sikh Youth Federation
3120:People's Liberation Army of Manipur
2781:People's Liberation Army of Manipur
2726:International Sikh Youth Federation
2330:
2119:"Indian Defence Review New Website"
1545:
1102:, a good number of candidates from
653:(SMF) was formed on 16 March 1996.
373:al-Qaeda in the Indian subcontinent
13:
3331:Left-wing militant groups in India
2036:
2010:
1977:
1351:People's Consultative Group" (PCG)
563:They had also maintained camps in
14:
3377:
3179:Communist Party of India (Maoist)
2472:ULFA - Terrorist Group from Assam
2442:
2393:M P Nathanael (18 January 2024).
2272:"North East Military Peace Tango"
2046:Menon, Ramesh (19 January 2001).
1993:"The ULFA gameplan has backfired"
1991:Menon, Ramesh (23 January 2001).
1709:. 5 December 2009. Archived from
1433:
1274:Peace Negotiations and Surrenders
1002:
438:United States Department of State
126:United Liberation Front of Assam
58:"United Liberation Front of Asom"
3285:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
3234:United National Liberation Front
3229:United Liberation Front of Assam
3204:Maoist Communist Centre of India
3095:Kamtapur Liberation Organisation
2811:United National Liberation Front
2741:Kamtapur Liberation Organization
2415:
2331:Deb, Debraj (31 December 2023).
1739:. 3 January 2011. Archived from
1075:girl in a train passing through
414:United Liberation Front of Assam
397:
288:Establishment of an independent
280:Sanjukta Mukti Fouj (Armed Wing)
131:
23:
3275:Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh
3224:Tamil National Retrieval Troops
2847:All Parties Hurriyat Conference
2806:United Liberation Front of Asom
2638:Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
2386:
2366:
2345:
2324:
2303:
2286:
2264:
2238:
2222:
2199:
2176:
2154:
2132:
2111:
2094:
2065:
2048:"Our future has been destroyed"
1950:
1922:
1895:
1879:
1863:. Thaindian.com. Archived from
1781:
1725:
1578:"India's Treacherous Northeast"
1337:The talks should be held under
1234:The ULFA is credited with some
1096:Northeast Frontier Railway zone
891:
767:First Deputy Commander-in-Chief
391:Designated as a terrorist group
34:needs additional citations for
3174:Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj
2731:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
1695:
1674:
1648:
1622:
1592:
1570:
1520:
1496:Kashyap, Aruni (19 May 2010).
1489:
1194:
447:and began operations in 1990.
1:
3336:National liberation movements
3326:Insurgency in Northeast India
3004:Human rights abuses in Punjab
2643:Insurgency in Northeast India
2428:. South Asia Terrorism Portal
1483:
1453:Insurgency in Northeast India
997:
384:Insurgency in Northeast India
3351:Organisations based in Assam
3306:1979 establishments in Assam
2711:Bodo Liberation Tigers Force
2408:
2022:"ULFA: Decapitation Failure"
1632:. Nia.gov.in. Archived from
1355:Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
1229:
1079:. This incident sparked off
809:Captured, Released on bail
7:
2801:Tripura National Volunteers
2476:South Asia Terrorism Portal
1844:Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha
1458:People's Consultative Group
1441:
885:Captured, Released on bail
872:Captured, Released on bail
859:Captured, Released on bail
846:Captured, Released on bail
796:Captured, Released on bail
783:Captured, Released on bail
10:
3382:
3219:Tamil Nadu Liberation Army
3105:Kangleipak Communist Party
2928:Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale
2791:Tamil Nadu Liberation Army
2680:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
1277:
482:
3260:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami
3242:
3166:
3133:
3080:
3052:
2986:
2875:
2829:
2751:Khalistan Liberation Army
2688:
2625:
1527:Goswami, Sandhya (2020).
1401:Indian Central government
1288:The Union Home Minister,
1262:Other criminal activities
964:
956:
951:
941:
931:
921:
911:
903:
898:
830:First publicity secretary
780:Deputy Commander-in-Chief
613:During the government of
601:Province of China, along
550:Bangladesh National Party
389:
379:
357:
349:
339:
323:
309:
295:
284:
274:
264:
254:
242:
139:
130:
125:
3316:Banned socialist parties
3153:Khalistan Zindabad Force
3148:Khalistan Commando Force
2761:Khalistan Zindabad Force
2689:Separatist organisations
1902:IANS (30 January 2014),
1604:Ministry of Home Affairs
1478:List of top ULFA leaders
1473:Secret killings of Assam
1009:Superintendent of Police
645:Organizational structure
519:Kachin Independence Army
3100:Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup
3090:All Tripura Tiger Force
2933:Lakhbir Singh Brar Rode
2842:Bodoland People's Front
2837:All-India Muslim League
2746:Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup
2696:All Tripura Tiger Force
2468:. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
2449:ULFA Archived home page
2105:22 October 2004 at the
1837:10 January 2017 at the
1390:Awami league government
1296:Beginning in 1990, the
1244:Chief Minister of Assam
1226:and AGP respectively).
833:Lynched by mob in 1989
741:Self-Styled Designation
461:Kachin Independent Army
3209:Popular Front of India
2978:Talwinder Singh Parmar
1600:"Banned Organizations"
1293:
1058:Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
1028:Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
619:Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
577:Special Frontier Force
2968:Syed Ali Shah Geelani
2948:Muppala Lakshmana Rao
2943:Mohammad Abbas Ansari
2483:at GlobalSecurity.org
2072:Gogoi, Dilip (2016).
1287:
1081:anti-Bihari sentiment
1030:and the beginning of
1007:On 29 July 1990, the
455:in 1983 and with the
3311:Assamese nationalism
3255:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
2973:Sukhdev Singh Babbar
2615:Separatist movements
2570:dated 15 August 2012
2564:dated 15 August 2004
2187:. Globalsecurity.org
2078:Taylor & Francis
1305:Heerak Jyoti Mahanta
1213:Political activities
1202:Heerak Jyoti Mahanta
763:Heerak Jyoti Mahanta
726:709th Bn - Kalikhola
603:China-Myanmar border
330:Assamese nationalism
43:improve this article
2938:Mirwaiz Umar Farooq
2913:Biswamohan Debbarma
2766:Mizo National Front
2382:. 31 December 2023.
2297:28 May 2010 at the
2211:15 May 2008 at the
1713:on 17 February 2013
1661:2001-2009.state.gov
1610:on 28 December 2019
1463:Sanjukta Mukti Fouj
1298:Government of India
1175:Economic subversion
1024:Government of Assam
878:Sashadhar Choudhury
843:Publicity Secretary
651:Sanjukta Mukti Fouj
434:Government of India
367:Government of Assam
362:Government of India
310:Active regions
188:Sashadhar Choudhury
3366:Terrorism in Assam
3067:Dukhtaran-e-Millat
2796:Tehreek-e-Hurriyat
2675:Khalistan movement
2550:dated 12 June 2006
2536:dated 12 June 2006
2522:dated 15 June 2006
2512:dated 15 June 2006
2502:dated 15 June 2006
2338:The Indian Express
2276:The Times of India
2252:. 21 December 2020
2235:, 24 January 2012
2217:The Indian Express
1966:, 11 November 2015
1892:, 16 November 2007
1867:on 17 October 2012
1769:. 3 September 2011
1636:on 19 January 2014
1359:The Times of India
1302:Commander in chief
1294:
1050:Asom Gana Parishad
1013:Dibrugarh district
869:Cultural Secretary
852:Chitraban Hazarika
819:General secretary
754:Commander-in-Chief
508:Brahmaputra valley
244:Dates of operation
198:Chitraban Hazarika
3356:Politics of Assam
3293:
3292:
3194:Indian Mujahideen
3158:Sikhs for Justice
3072:Hizbul Mujahideen
3054:Jammu and Kashmir
3012:
3011:
2963:Sheikh Abdul Aziz
2903:Arabinda Rajkhowa
2893:Angami Zapu Phizo
2830:Political parties
2721:Dashmesh Regiment
2648:Arunachal Pradesh
2548:Yahoo! India News
2534:Yahoo! India News
2520:Yahoo! India News
2510:Yahoo! India News
2500:Yahoo! India News
2282:on 23 March 2012.
2219:, 2 November 2007
2087:978-1-317-32921-3
1538:978-93-5388-364-5
1448:Operation Bajrang
1409:Arabinda Rajkhowa
1032:Operation Bajrang
974:
973:
889:
888:
882:Foreign Secretary
856:Finance Secretary
789:Arabinda Rajkhowa
731:Command Structure
573:Royal Bhutan Army
497:Arabinda Rajkhowa
410:
409:
148:Arabinda Rajkhowa
119:
118:
111:
93:
3373:
3270:Jaish-e-Mohammed
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2349:
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2328:
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2321:
2307:
2301:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2278:. Archived from
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2242:
2236:
2233:Deccan Chronicle
2226:
2220:
2203:
2197:
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2194:
2192:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2142:. News.bbc.co.uk
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1646:
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1620:
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1617:
1615:
1606:. Archived from
1596:
1590:
1589:
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1568:
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1565:
1563:
1552:
1543:
1542:
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1493:
1405:Assam government
1268:drug trafficking
1150:Dhemaji District
896:
895:
839:Mithinga Daimary
827:Uddipta Hazarika
735:
734:
635:Prafulla Mahanta
422:Northeast Indian
403:
401:
400:
380:Battles and wars
245:
236:
225:
214:
208:Mithinga Daimary
204:
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184:
174:
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3370:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3280:Lashkar-e-Taiba
3238:
3189:Deendar Anjuman
3162:
3129:
3082:Northeast India
3076:
3048:
3043:
3013:
3008:
2982:
2958:Ranjit Debbarma
2871:
2825:
2821:Waris Punjab De
2684:
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2612:
2579:Wayback Machine
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2299:Wayback Machine
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2213:Wayback Machine
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2107:Wayback Machine
2099:
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2080:. p. 174.
2076:. Basingstoke:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2054:
2044:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2001:
1999:
1989:
1978:
1969:
1967:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1940:
1927:
1923:
1914:
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1900:
1896:
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1851:
1839:Wayback Machine
1830:
1823:
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1795:. 30 March 2017
1787:
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1770:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1743:on 6 March 2019
1731:
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1707:Hindustan Times
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1375:Mrinal Hazarika
1282:
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1264:
1232:
1215:
1197:
1177:
1100:Indian Railways
1005:
1000:
977:
894:
744:Current Status
733:
647:
611:
592:NSCN (Khaplang)
485:
398:
396:
369:
344:
332:
279:
278:Political Wing
259:
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2925:
2923:Hashim Qureshi
2920:
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2895:
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2888:Amanullah Khan
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2443:External links
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1434:Links to China
1432:
1363:Indira Goswami
1346:
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1339:United Nations
1335:
1290:P. Chidambaram
1278:Main article:
1275:
1272:
1263:
1260:
1236:bank robberies
1231:
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1196:
1193:
1176:
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1145:in the State.
1004:
1003:Assassinations
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512:Lutyen's Delhi
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375:(2016–present)
371:
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343:Active(ULFA-I)
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3243:International
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3154:
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3149:
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3143:Babbar Khalsa
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3126:
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3017:
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2989:
2987:Controversies
2985:
2979:
2976:
2974:
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2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:Paresh Baruah
2951:
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2883:Abhizeet Asom
2881:
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
30:
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20:
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2633:Dravida Nadu
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2280:the original
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2189:. Retrieved
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2122:. Retrieved
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2051:
2026:. Retrieved
2000:. Retrieved
1996:
1968:, retrieved
1958:
1952:
1941:, retrieved
1939:, Chittagong
1934:
1924:
1913:, retrieved
1904:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1869:. Retrieved
1865:the original
1842:
1797:. Retrieved
1792:
1783:
1773:19 September
1771:. Retrieved
1766:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1741:the original
1736:
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1711:the original
1706:
1697:
1685:. Retrieved
1676:
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1660:
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1634:the original
1624:
1612:. Retrieved
1608:the original
1603:
1594:
1582:. Retrieved
1572:
1560:. Retrieved
1528:
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1502:The Guardian
1501:
1491:
1437:
1425:
1421:Paresh Barua
1398:
1386:
1379:
1367:
1347:
1341:supervision.
1329:
1325:
1310:
1295:
1265:
1252:Pranati Deka
1233:
1216:
1198:
1178:
1166:
1162:28 Battalion
1159:
1155:
1147:
1131:
1112:
1108:reservations
1093:
1066:
1046:Sanjay Ghose
1042:Soviet Union
1039:
1036:
1017:
1011:(SP) of the
1006:
984:Enigma Group
983:
980:Enigma Force
979:
978:
936:Shock troops
899:Enigma Force
892:Enigma Force
865:Pranati Deka
802:Pradip Gogoi
655:
648:
631:
623:Paresh Barua
612:
596:
581:
562:
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442:
417:
413:
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296:Headquarters
230:Pranati Deka
217:
158:Pradip Gogoi
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2918:Fateh Singh
2908:Ayub Thakur
2898:Anup Chetia
2432:29 December
2183:John Pike.
2124:28 December
2057:10 December
2002:10 December
1970:11 November
1943:11 November
1915:11 November
1799:28 December
1687:28 December
1666:28 December
1614:28 December
1512:11 December
1207:Naga people
1195:Recruitment
1060:in 1997. A
1054:Nagen Sarma
992:Raju Baruah
988:hit and run
969:Raju Baruah
942:Garrison/HQ
815:Anup Chetia
776:Raju Baruah
501:Anup Chetia
465:Indian Army
178:Raju Baruah
168:Anup Chetia
3300:Categories
2716:Dal Khalsa
2454:Bloody Tea
2422:Faultlines
2168:12 October
2146:12 October
2052:Rediff.com
2028:7 November
1997:Rediff.com
1640:12 October
1584:12 October
1558:. Satp.org
1504:. London.
1484:References
1394:Bangladesh
1317:bank loans
1258:hospital.
1209:in Assam.
1123:Kishanganj
1098:a wing of
1062:mass grave
1020:Swraj Paul
998:Activities
952:Commanders
716:28th Bn -
708:Bongaigaon
702:27th Bn -
692:11th Bn -
546:Chittagong
470:Bangladesh
449:Sunil Nath
265:Allegiance
69:newspapers
3361:Sivasagar
2658:Meghalaya
2626:Movements
2458:Aljazeera
2409:Footnotes
2256:4 January
2191:1 January
1936:The Hindu
1890:The Hindu
1871:1 January
1793:Firstpost
1767:The Hindu
1747:3 January
1717:1 January
1562:1 January
1371:top brass
1230:Extortion
1184:pipelines
1181:crude oil
1052:minister
965:1st Chief
926:Guerrilla
907:Disbanded
722:Dibrugarh
712:Kokrajhar
688:Sivasagar
678:9th Bn -
664:8th Bn -
569:destroyed
527:Dibrugarh
489:Sivasagar
445:Rang Ghar
424:state of
358:Opponents
353:200(2024)
334:Socialism
219:Bolin Das
3250:Al-Qaeda
2668:Nagaland
2295:Archived
2209:Archived
2103:Archived
1964:Zee News
1835:Archived
1506:Archived
1442:See also
1248:Tata Tea
1246:accused
1224:Congress
1220:boycotts
1169:Guwahati
1119:Jamalpur
793:Chairman
718:Tinsukia
680:Golaghat
670:Morigaon
639:Assamese
523:Tinsukia
325:Ideology
275:Group(s)
255:Split to
99:May 2022
3062:Al-Badr
2663:Manipur
1737:Reuters
1428:Myanmar
1415:and an
1313:weapons
1188:freight
1115:Katihar
704:Barpeta
698:Nalbari
617:leader
571:by the
483:History
300:Myanmar
285:Motives
232: (
221: (
210: (
200: (
190: (
180: (
170: (
160: (
150: (
140:Leaders
83:scholar
3167:Others
3135:Punjab
2876:People
2466:Part 2
2462:Part 1
2084:
2024:. SATP
1535:
1403:, the
1256:Mumbai
1240:extort
1089:Bihari
1026:under
946:Bhutan
912:Branch
904:Active
694:Kamrup
684:Jorhat
666:Nagaon
627:Chabua
599:Yunnan
565:Bhutan
459:based
432:. The
402:
340:Status
85:
78:
71:
64:
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2653:Assam
2619:India
2481:Assam
2474:from
1417:IISER
1321:Assam
1280:SULFA
1254:at a
1143:Bihar
1139:Hindi
1135:India
1127:Bihar
1104:Bihar
1085:Assam
1077:Bihar
1069:Bihar
558:Dhaka
474:India
457:Burma
426:Assam
405:India
318:India
314:Assam
304:China
290:Assam
90:JSTOR
76:books
2434:2007
2359:NDTV
2258:2021
2193:2013
2170:2014
2148:2014
2126:2019
2082:ISBN
2059:2009
2030:2009
2004:2009
1972:2015
1945:2015
1917:2015
1910:NDTV
1873:2013
1801:2019
1775:2012
1749:2011
1719:2013
1689:2019
1668:2019
1642:2014
1616:2019
1586:2014
1564:2013
1533:ISBN
1514:2016
1073:Mizo
960:None
932:Role
922:Type
916:ULFA
738:Name
590:and
584:NDFB
525:and
418:ULFA
412:The
350:Size
302:and
62:news
2617:in
1413:IIM
1392:in
1380:Lt
1125:in
1083:in
982:or
615:AGP
588:KLO
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