363:
133:
36:
346:
spool (not used by the
Soviets/Russian Navy as it interferes with the automatic reload systems). It was supposed to enter service in the 1990s, but the teething problems and the lack of funding during that period made the deployment sluggish, and it entered the widespread service only in the 2015 by the Fizik name, being quickly replaced by the new-generation
302:, snaking through the ship's trail until impacting it, from up to 19.0 km (10.3 nmi) away. The threat of wake homing torpedoes influenced the U.S. Navy to develop the Surface Ship Torpedo Defense (SSTD) system that employs a maneuvering Countermeasure Anti-Torpedo (CAT) that seeks and intercepts an incoming torpedo.
366:
Soviet torpedoes of the types SET-40 (front) and SET-65, as manufactured 1965. The SET-40 carries 80 kg of explosives and has a length of 4,50 metres with a diameter of 400 mm. It travels up to 7,5 km at a speed of 29 knots. Type SET-65 contains 205 kg of explosives, has a length of 7,90 metres
345:
shaft, which had the disadvantage of the wire being prone to breakage, while the UGST has the wire release port on the side. Together with the towed extender spool, kept in the calmer portion of the wake, this makes the wire much more durable than before, though not as durable as the tube mounted
200:
in warhead) was later upgraded to 53-38U (400 kg (880 lb) of TNT, roughly the same characteristics) and then redesigned in 53-39 (317 kg (699 lb), up to 51 knots (94 km/h)), considered to be one of the fastest in the world at the time (another were secret
Japanese oxygen
157:
With the exception of the UGST which uses Mark 48 style monopropellants, Soviet 53 cm torpedoes generally use electric power (since middle of World War II), or kerosene mixed with various oxidizers for propulsion. Russian torpedoes are often named descriptively for their characteristics –
196:(in the Soviet Union it was designated 53F) was considered superior. After adapting several features from the latter in unsuccessful 53-36 the decision was made to copy 53F. Resulting 53-38 (3 speed regimes, range up to 10 km (5.4 nmi), 300 kg (660 lb) of
265:
torpedoes designed to destroy surface ships. The 53-65 became operational in 1965, while the 53-65K and 53-65M both became operational in 1969. The 53-65KE is an exported version. China received an unknown number of 53-65KE torpedoes from Russia after purchasing four
538:
229:) were performed by two Soviet submarines using 53-38s on 30 January and 16 April 1945; both ships were hit on first attempt and sank within minutes despite difficult visibility conditions and the presence of escorts. Notably, all three torpedoes launched against
249:
The new 53-39 (entering service in 1941) was very fast and effective but only available in limited numbers, while the ET-80 (1942–1943) was the first Soviet electric torpedo and crews did not trust it because of its teething and rushed induction problems.
314:
heavy deepwater torpedo with a range of up to 50 km (27 nmi) (export versions are limited to 40 km). It differs from most previous Soviet and
Russian torpedoes in that unlike the previously dominant electric or
258:
The first Soviet torpedo with passive-homing capability was the SAET-50 (1950), which was an anti-ship weapon used on submarines. The 53-61 was the first Soviet homing torpedo to exceed 40 knots.
326:, which allows it to have much extended range while keeping the speeds of up to 65 knots. It also features an updated homing system, which, in addition to the traditional passive
290:
because they do not respond to usual torpedo countermeasures; typical torpedo countermeasures are decoys that use noise to distract homing torpedoes, analogous to an aircraft's
338:
311:
176:
625:
150:
manufactured in Russia, starting with the 53-27 torpedo and continuing to the modern UGST (Fizik-1), which is being replaced by the
192:(83 km/h). In 1932 USSR bought in Italy several types of torpedoes, and the 21-inch (530 mm) model of Whitehead plant in
181:
620:
100:
341:
system: previous Soviet torpedoes had the guidance wire spool in the torpedo body, with the wire released through the hollow
72:
79:
243:
119:
246:, Soviet submarines sank at least 29,000 tons of enemy shipping, mostly using mines, shellfire and 53-38 torpedoes.
53:
86:
586:
57:
137:
213:; they proved to be fairly reliable and effective. The two deadliest sinkings in history (the German 25,484-
68:
384:
53-65/53-65K and -65KE/TT-3 (First mass-produced wake homing Soviet torpedo, included engine improvements)
17:
500:
396:
SET-65 Enot/SET-65M Enot 2 (First effective Soviet anti-submarine homing torpedo, active/passive homing)
273:
The Type 53 torpedo is carried by almost all
Russian submarines, including the Kilo class and the
46:
295:
291:
237:
136:
A 53-65K torpedo on display in the torpedo storage areas of the former Soviet aircraft carrier
274:
233:
hit and exploded with catastrophic results, not a common feat in those times and conditions.
93:
362:
209:
The 53-38/53-38U, which had entered service in 1938–1939, were the main Soviet torpedoes in
267:
513:
8:
218:
214:
405:
USET-80 (Current
Russian submarine and surface ship torpedo, active/passive/wake homing)
316:
287:
375:
53-38/53-38U/53-59/53-56V and -56VA (Standard straight-running Soviet torpedo of WWII)
605:
582:
393:
SAET-60/SAET-60M (Anti-ship homing torpedo, improvement over the SET-53 development)
402:
UGST (A 'universal' thermal torpedo, with pumpjet propulsor, active/passive homing)
158:
examples include "acoustic homing" or "electric torpedo", all in
Russian acronyms.
539:"Improved UGST / Fizik Torpedo "Futlyar" to Enter Russian Navy Service in 2018"
614:
399:
TEST-71 (Standard Soviet/Russian wire guided torpedo, active/passive homing)
334:
331:
323:
210:
381:
53-57/53-58/53-61 (Primary torpedo development family in the post-war era)
327:
299:
262:
189:
367:
and a diameter of 533 mm. It travels up to 15 km at a speed of 40 knots.
342:
320:
280:
201:
torpedoes and the
Italian Siluro Tipo W. 270/533, 4 × 7,20 Veloce).
132:
35:
182:
559:
428:
422:
347:
286:
The Type 53-65 torpedo is considered a significant threat by the
224:
151:
147:
197:
236:
Another notable sinking with 53-38/53-38Us was the 14,660-ton
193:
390:
SET-53/SAET-53 (First Soviet anti-submarine homing torpedo)
188:, and it had a poor 3.7 km (2.0 nmi) range at 45
378:
53-51 (First Soviet torpedo with pattern-running ability)
172:
146:
is the common name for a family of 53 cm (21 inch)
581:(5th ed.). US Naval Institute. pp. 731–735.
472:
Warhead: 307.6 kilograms (678 lb) high explosive
171:
Model 53-27 (1927) with 265 kg (584 lb) of
560:"Russian Navy to receive advanced Futlyar torpedoes"
354:). Sources refer to them as heat-seeking torpedoes.
579:
Naval
Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
438:Weight: 2,070–2,300 kg (4,560–5,070 lb)
612:
387:SAET-50 (First Soviet anti-ship homing torpedo)
298:systems, but the Type 53-65 uses sensors that
606:Site with information about Russian torpedoes
421:53-65 and 53-65M: Kerosene-hydrogen peroxide
175:was developed domestically in the so-called
261:The 53-65 torpedo family are Russian made,
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
576:
361:
131:
409:
14:
613:
461:53-65 and 53-65K: 45 kn (83 km/h)
453:53-65M: 22,000 metres (24,000 yd)
450:53-65K: 19,000 metres (21,000 yd)
501:Navy Develops Torpedo Killing Torpedo
447:53-65: 18,000 metres (20,000 yd)
626:Cold War weapons of the Soviet Union
441:Diameter: 533 mm (21.0 in)
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
310:The last entry in the class is the
24:
25:
637:
599:
300:follows the wake of a moving ship
166:
34:
27:Family of Russian weapon systems
435:Length: 7.2 m (24 ft)
372:53-27L (First produced variant)
204:
45:needs additional citations for
570:
552:
531:
506:
494:
415:Primary function: ASUW torpedo
13:
1:
621:Torpedoes of the Soviet Union
503:- News.USNI.org, 20 June 2013
487:
244:Black Sea campaigns (1941–44)
469:Guidance system: Wake homing
464:53-65M: 44 kn (81 km/h)
7:
357:
253:
10:
642:
514:"Torpedoes of Russia/USSR"
161:
577:Friedman, Norman (2006).
427:53-65K: Kerosene-oxygen
319:propulsion, it uses the
223:and the troop transport
481:53-65K and 53-65M: 1969
305:
368:
140:
365:
268:Kilo-class submarines
135:
410:53-65 specifications
54:improve this article
475:Operational since:
239:General von Steuben
217:military transport
369:
288:United States Navy
141:
130:
129:
122:
104:
69:"Type 53 torpedo"
16:(Redirected from
633:
593:
592:
574:
568:
567:
556:
550:
549:
547:
545:
535:
529:
528:
526:
524:
510:
504:
498:
337:and an improved
231:Wilhelm Gustloff
220:Wilhelm Gustloff
187:
184:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
641:
640:
636:
635:
634:
632:
631:
630:
611:
610:
602:
597:
596:
589:
575:
571:
566:. 22 June 2016.
558:
557:
553:
543:
541:
537:
536:
532:
522:
520:
512:
511:
507:
499:
495:
490:
412:
360:
308:
256:
207:
179:
169:
164:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
639:
629:
628:
623:
609:
608:
601:
600:External links
598:
595:
594:
587:
569:
551:
530:
505:
492:
491:
489:
486:
485:
484:
483:
482:
479:
473:
470:
467:
466:
465:
462:
456:
455:
454:
451:
448:
442:
439:
436:
433:
432:
431:
425:
416:
411:
408:
407:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
359:
356:
312:UGST (Fizik-1)
307:
304:
270:in the 1990s.
255:
252:
206:
203:
168:
165:
163:
160:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
638:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
616:
607:
604:
603:
590:
584:
580:
573:
565:
561:
555:
540:
534:
519:
515:
509:
502:
497:
493:
480:
477:
476:
474:
471:
468:
463:
460:
459:
457:
452:
449:
446:
445:
443:
440:
437:
434:
430:
426:
424:
420:
419:
418:Power plant:
417:
414:
413:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
370:
364:
355:
353:
349:
344:
340:
339:wire guidance
336:
333:
330:, features a
329:
325:
322:
318:
313:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
282:
279:
277:
271:
269:
264:
259:
251:
247:
245:
242:. During the
241:
240:
234:
232:
228:
227:
222:
221:
216:
212:
202:
199:
195:
191:
185:
178:
174:
167:Early history
159:
155:
153:
149:
145:
139:
134:
124:
121:
113:
110:November 2015
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
578:
572:
563:
554:
542:. Retrieved
533:
521:. Retrieved
517:
508:
496:
351:
335:active sonar
332:phased array
324:axial engine
309:
285:
275:
272:
260:
257:
248:
238:
235:
230:
225:
219:
211:World War II
208:
205:World War II
177:Ostekhbureau
170:
156:
143:
142:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
478:53-65: 1965
328:wake homing
263:wake-homing
180: [
18:Type 53-65K
615:Categories
588:1557502625
488:References
80:newspapers
343:propeller
321:Otto fuel
281:submarine
148:torpedoes
358:Variants
317:peroxide
254:Cold War
183:Wikidata
544:10 July
523:10 July
458:Speed:
444:Range:
429:turbine
423:turbine
352:Fizik-2
348:Futlyar
162:History
152:Futlyar
144:Type 53
94:scholar
585:
278:-class
198:trotyl
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
296:chaff
292:flare
276:Akula
194:Fiume
190:knots
186:]
138:Minsk
101:JSTOR
87:books
583:ISBN
564:Tass
546:2021
525:2021
518:Tass
306:UGST
226:Goya
73:news
294:or
215:ton
173:TNT
56:by
617::
562:.
516:.
283:.
154:.
591:.
548:.
527:.
350:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
