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TwixT

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259:. The 12Ă—12 board shown here leads to a very short game. On the standard board, tactics dominate; larger boards introduce deeper strategic considerations. Since most commercial sets use boards which are made from four "quadrants" which either clip together or are hinged, a 36Ă—36 grid could be assembled from three standard sets of the same size. In Europe, there briefly appeared a TwixT knock-off called "Imuri" which used a 30Ă—30 grid. The board had no holes, and lines were drawn to indicate where the links could be placed. This edition was removed from shelves for copyright infringement. 76: 551: 428: 395: 384: 294: 1778: 472: 362: 351: 340: 329: 318: 307: 450: 439: 417: 406: 373: 584: 573: 562: 529: 518: 507: 496: 485: 461: 540: 33: 41: 209: 248: 116:
Twixt is played on a board comprising a 24Ă—24 square grid of holes (minus 4 corner holes). The game has two types of playing pieces, pegs, which fit into the holes, and links, which fit into the top of the peg pieces and are used to connect to peg pieces. In the 3M edition, players are Red and Black;
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This rules difference has no effect in terms of game outcome most of the time. For those rare situations where it does, most of those cases are where a draw under standard rules is a decisive game under PP rules. The image shows a contrived position where black is to move. Black wins under PP rules
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On the 24Ă—24 grid, tactical considerations tend to predominate. The opening phase is over quickly, and the rest of the game is spent attempting to tactically execute the plan. Hex, which has a very similar game object, may have more predictable tactics, but strategical considerations are much more
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is suggested. After the first peg is placed, the second player has the option to swap sides. This is typically indicated by turning the pieces box end for end, or swapping boxes if they are separate. If the second player chooses not to swap immediately after the first peg is placed, then sides may
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links are allowed to cross each other. A winning path might loop across itself but crossed links are not connected to each other at the intersection. The paper and pencil rules may reduce the number of draws (which are already rare). Whether it reduces the complexity of the game or not is highly
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where players alternate turns placing pegs and links on a pegboard in an attempt to link their opposite sides. While TwixT itself is simple, the game also requires strategy, so young children can play it, but it also appeals to adults. The game has been discontinued except in Germany and Japan.
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away from each other, and cannot cross another link; they block other links, most importantly those of the opponent. As part of the player's move, they may remove their own links (but not those of the opponent) in order to rearrange the sequence of links on the board. A variant for
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in 1997, 1998 and 1999. Since 2000 TwixT has had a major international tournament as part of the MSO but there has been no official World Championships. Between 2011 and 2022, the TwixT event at the MSO has again become the World Championships. The list of winners is given below.
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can be used to equalize the game for players of different strengths. The simplest handicap is to allow the weaker player to move first (i.e. eliminate the pie rule). Beyond that, one dimension of the grid is reduced so the weaker player has a shorter distance to span.
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in 1998, and the game was discontinued. The game is no longer produced in the United States, but a succession of German companies has produced the game since the 1970s under license from Avalon. TwixT was short-listed for the first
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has the same rules as standard TwixT, but the border lines run at a 45-degree angle to the grid. David Bush's version has the border lines running parallel to link paths. These variants result in different tactical patterns.
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not be swapped later in that game. (This "one-move equalization" was added by Randolph after 3M published his game. It is present in the Schmidt Spiele edition and all later editions.)
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in their "Top 100 Games of 1982", noting that "Subtlety and finesse will win every time against straightforward aggression in this game of great depth and varied tactics."
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different sets may use different colors. The topmost and bottommost rows of holes belong to the lighter color; the leftmost and rightmost rows to the darker color.
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important. In this sense, Hex is more like Go than TwixT, since a single move is generally less committal, and consequences may take longer to play out.
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The object is to make a continuous chain of linked pegs connecting the player's border rows. If neither player can achieve this, the game is a draw.
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in their "Top 100 Games of 1980", describing it as "much more subtle and interesting than the old Bridg-It, with which it should not be confused".
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on the International Computer Games Association website. Introduction, rules, computer-TwixT related links
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encil). The rules are almost identical to standard TwixT, except links are never removed and a player's
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took over publication in 1976 when 3M sold its game division. Avalon's parent company was acquired by
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in their "Top 100 Games of 1981", noting that "The best offense, oddly enough, is a good defense."
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regarding whether a single set of vertices can support a connecting path, via a reduction from
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one or more pairs of pegs on the board of their colour. The links can only connect two pegs a
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The players take turns placing pegs of their respective colors on the board, one peg per turn.
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A contrived position where black to move wins under PP rules, but loses under standard rules.
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play allows a connection to cross the player's links but not those of the opponent.
101: 794: 780: 2336: 1886: 1574: 1542: 747: 63: 732:. The 8th Intl. Conf. on Computers and Games. Keio University, Yokohama, Japan. 62:. It became one of the most popular and enduring games in the series. It is a 2488: 2440: 2312: 2142: 1878: 1214: 187:, no winning strategy has been discovered, nor is the outcome of the game with 147: 959: 2609: 2456: 2232: 1918: 1902: 1854: 1406: 1334: 1090: 1085: 963: 550: 427: 394: 383: 298: 293: 105: 88: 1470: 1318: 1254: 1140: 188: 183:. These proofs are indicative of a complex strategy: the game has not been 20: 162: 2296: 2256: 2046: 1990: 1326: 1310: 1197: 979: 184: 176: 92: 1777: 853:
Schmittberger, R. Wayne, ed. (November 1982). "The Top 100 Games 1982".
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Bonnet, Édouard; Jamain, Florian; Saffidine, Abdallah (14 August 2013).
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https://archive.org/details/guidetosimulatio04edunse/page/476/mode/2up
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This article is about the board game. For the horror film, see
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Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design's Hall of Fame
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The official world championships were held as part of the
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The Guide to simulations/games for education and training
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TwixT was invented as a paper and pencil game in 1957 by
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Computational complexity for general rectangular boards
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The player with the lighter color makes the first move.
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for determining the game value, via a reduction from
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Connection board game in the 3M bookshelf game series
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November–December 1980. p. 57. 2607: 982:from Dr. Eric Silverman's blog on abstract games 795:http://www.boardability.com/result.php?id=twixt 761:Dominic Mazzoni; Kevin Watkins (October 1997). 1730:Axis & Allies Naval Miniatures: War at Sea 2345:1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons 1182: 1001: 852: 36:A computer-generated image of a game of TwixT 1794: 131:place a peg on their opponent's border rows. 899:"The Playboy winner's guide to board games" 1189: 1175: 1008: 994: 2499: 737: 706:Spiel des Jahres page in German for TwixT 658:The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games 246: 207: 134:To counteract first-move advantage, the 74: 39: 31: 763:"Uncrossed knight paths is NP-complete" 2608: 1722:Axis & Allies: Battle of the Bulge 1015: 911: 730:Havannah and TwixT are PSPACE-complete 710: 1170: 989: 717:Origins Awards Hall of Fame for TwixT 44:Board and bookshelf of the 3M edition 2135:Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization 2111:1830: Railroads & Robber Barons 1762:Axis & Allies: World War I 1914 1391:Rise and Decline of the Third Reich 887:. A H C Publications. October 1973. 885:"Games and Puzzles 1973-10: Iss 18" 793:Mind Sports Olympiad TwixT Results 104:in 1979, and was inducted into the 13: 699: 175:. TwixT has also been shown to be 142:After placing a peg, a player may 14: 2662: 947: 806:MSO main website showing results 1843:Tales from the Floating Vagabond 1776: 915:Family games : The 100 best 808:http://www.msoworld.com/results/ 582: 571: 560: 549: 538: 527: 516: 505: 494: 483: 470: 459: 448: 437: 426: 415: 404: 393: 382: 371: 360: 349: 338: 327: 316: 305: 292: 237:but loses under standard rules. 194: 108:, along with Randolph, in 2011. 58:, an early entrant in the 1960s 2055:Darkhorn: Realm of the Warlords 1754:Axis & Allies: Pacific 1940 1196: 980:Connection Games Part VI: Twixt 932: 905: 891: 877: 863: 846: 777:"Mark Thompson's TwixT webpage" 2636:Board games introduced in 1962 2433:Star Wars – The Queen's Gambit 1746:Axis & Allies: Europe 1940 1738:Axis & Allies: Guadalcanal 1061:Challenge Golf at Pebble Beach 975:Current Twixt-playing programs 829: 812: 800: 787: 769: 754: 721: 270: 1: 2449:Betrayal at House on the Hill 692: 1895:North Atlantic Convoy Raider 1714:Axis & Allies Miniatures 748:10.1007/978-3-319-09165-5_15 593: 167:TwixT has been proven to be 7: 674: 203: 10: 2667: 1983:Computer Football Strategy 1698:Axis & Allies: Pacific 859:. No. 33. p. 43. 664:Family Games: The 100 Best 634: 255:The game may be played on 70: 18: 2595:List of Avalon Hill games 2577: 2556: 2538: 2168: 2151:Wooden Ships and Iron Men 2071:Wooden Ships and Iron Men 2023:Quest of the Space Beagle 1853: 1785: 1774: 1690:Axis & Allies: Europe 1599:Turning Point: Stalingrad 1415:Wooden Ships and Iron Men 1204: 1026: 871:"Jeux & stratĂ©gie 06" 836:"Top 100 Games of 1981". 819:"Top 100 Games of 1980". 2646:Kosmos (publisher) games 2616:3M bookshelf game series 2127:World at War: Stalingrad 1706:Axis & Allies: D-Day 1647:Empire of the Rising Sun 1535:B-17, Queen of the Skies 681:List of connection games 262:Mark Thompson's variant 111: 60:3M bookshelf game series 2621:Abstract strategy games 2465:Monsters Menace America 1927:Empire of the Over-Mind 1551:White Bear and Red Moon 1343:Origins of World War II 969:Sensei's Library: Twixt 251:A diagonal TwixT board. 2651:Paper-and-pencil games 2119:D-Day: America Invades 1479:Victory in the Pacific 912:Lowder, James (2010). 688:, also called Bridg-It 252: 213: 84: 45: 37: 25:Twixt (disambiguation) 23:. For other uses, see 2385:Advanced Civilization 1567:Advanced Squad Leader 1559:Panzergruppe Guderian 971:More info about TwixT 954:Introduction to TwixT 477:Jan Kristian Haugland 284:List of MSO champions 250: 211: 78: 43: 35: 2590:Wizards of the Coast 2393:History of the World 2039:Under Southern Skies 2015:Jupiter Mission 1999 1623:Advanced Third Reich 1439:Air Assault on Crete 1399:The Russian Campaign 642:Jeux & StratĂ©gie 544:Cosimo Cardellicchio 277:Mind Sports Olympiad 257:different size grids 2626:Alex Randolph games 1827:Powers & Perils 1607:Battle of the Bulge 1527:Panzer Armee Afrika 1375:Alexander the Great 650:Games & Puzzles 2564:Charles S. Roberts 2508:Down with the King 2401:Age of Renaissance 2265:Source of the Nile 2095:Operation Crusader 2087:Flight Commander 2 1959:Andromeda Conquest 1863:B-1 Nuclear Bomber 1787:Role-playing games 1151:Stocks & Bonds 1081:Executive Decision 1056:Challenge Football 627:magazine included 615:magazine included 603:magazine included 377:Carl J. 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1268: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1192: 1187: 1185: 1180: 1178: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1121:Mr. President 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1086:Facts in Five 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1011: 1006: 1004: 999: 997: 992: 991: 988: 981: 978: 976: 973: 970: 967: 965: 964:BoardGameGeek 961: 958: 955: 952: 951: 940: 935: 927: 921: 917: 916: 908: 900: 894: 886: 880: 872: 866: 858: 857: 849: 841: 840: 832: 824: 823: 815: 809: 803: 796: 790: 782: 778: 772: 764: 757: 749: 745: 740: 735: 731: 724: 718: 713: 707: 702: 698: 687: 684: 682: 679: 678: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 659: 655: 652: 651: 647: 644: 643: 639: 638: 632: 630: 626: 625: 620: 618: 614: 613: 608: 606: 602: 601: 585: 579: 574: 568: 563: 557: 552: 546: 541: 535: 530: 524: 519: 513: 508: 502: 497: 491: 486: 480: 478: 473: 467: 462: 456: 451: 445: 440: 434: 429: 423: 418: 412: 407: 401: 396: 390: 385: 379: 374: 368: 363: 357: 352: 346: 341: 335: 330: 324: 319: 313: 308: 302: 300: 299:Alex Randolph 295: 289: 288: 286: 285: 281: 278: 268: 265: 260: 258: 249: 245: 242: 238: 234: 231: 227: 223: 219: 210: 201: 195:Related games 192: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 157: 154: 149: 148:knight's move 145: 141: 137: 133: 130: 127:A player may 126: 123: 120: 119: 118: 109: 107: 103: 98: 94: 90: 89:Alex Randolph 82: 77: 68: 65: 61: 57: 54: 50: 42: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2545: 2522: 2514: 2506: 2487: 2479: 2471: 2463: 2455: 2447: 2439: 2431: 2423: 2415: 2407: 2399: 2391: 2383: 2375: 2367: 2359: 2351: 2343: 2335: 2327: 2319: 2311: 2305:Conquistador 2303: 2295: 2287: 2281:Civilization 2279: 2271: 2263: 2255: 2247: 2239: 2231: 2223: 2216: 2215: 2207: 2199: 2191: 2183: 2175: 2157: 2149: 2141: 2133: 2125: 2117: 2109: 2101: 2093: 2085: 2077: 2069: 2061: 2053: 2045: 2037: 2031:Space Cowboy 2029: 2021: 2013: 2005: 1997: 1989: 1981: 1973: 1965: 1957: 1949: 1941: 1933: 1925: 1917: 1909: 1901: 1893: 1885: 1877: 1869: 1861: 1841: 1833: 1825: 1817: 1801: 1760: 1752: 1744: 1736: 1728: 1720: 1712: 1704: 1696: 1688: 1669: 1661: 1653: 1645: 1637: 1629: 1621: 1613: 1605: 1597: 1589: 1581: 1573: 1565: 1557: 1549: 1541: 1533: 1525: 1517: 1511:Hitler's War 1509: 1501: 1493: 1485: 1477: 1471:Squad Leader 1469: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1429: 1421: 1413: 1405: 1397: 1389: 1381: 1373: 1365: 1357: 1349: 1341: 1333: 1325: 1317: 1309: 1301: 1293: 1285: 1277: 1271:Afrika Korps 1269: 1261: 1253: 1245: 1237: 1229: 1221: 1213: 1155: 1141:Point of Law 934: 914: 907: 893: 879: 865: 854: 848: 837: 831: 820: 814: 802: 797:10 July 2010 789: 781:the original 771: 756: 729: 723: 712: 701: 668: 663: 656: 648: 640: 628: 622: 621: 616: 610: 609: 604: 598: 597: 283: 282: 274: 263: 261: 256: 254: 240: 239: 235: 229: 225: 221: 217: 215: 198: 189:perfect play 166: 143: 128: 115: 86: 80: 48: 47: 29: 21:Twixt (film) 2547:The General 2297:Amoeba Wars 2289:Machiavelli 2257:Magic Realm 2169:Board games 2047:Under Fire! 1999:Gulf Strike 1991:Panzer-Jagd 1967:Legionnaire 1631:Guadalcanal 1327:PanzerBlitz 1198:Avalon Hill 355:Peter Henke 271:Competition 233:debatable. 177:NP-complete 93:Avalon Hill 2610:Categories 2500:Card games 2241:Bowl Bound 2225:Rail Baron 2177:Management 2007:Incunabula 1671:Battle Cry 1431:War at Sea 1295:Blitzkrieg 1279:Stalingrad 1231:Gettysburg 1223:Tactics II 1126:Oh-Wah-Ree 1036:Backgammon 693:References 555:David Bush 432:David Bush 399:David Bush 388:David Bush 56:board game 2569:Eric Dott 2539:Magazines 2481:RoboRally 2473:Nexus Ops 2409:Air Baron 2353:Britannia 2209:Diplomacy 2193:Kingmaker 2103:Kingmaker 2079:5th Fleet 1975:Telengard 1951:The Alien 1943:Voyager I 1835:RuneQuest 1247:Civil War 1131:Phlounder 1046:Breakthru 739:1403.6518 594:Reception 224:aper and 2185:Squander 2063:Guderian 1543:Up Front 1463:Napoleon 1455:Hexagony 1263:Bismarck 1206:Wargames 1106:High Bid 675:See also 218:Twixt PP 204:Variants 136:pie rule 53:strategy 2578:Related 2361:Kremlin 2329:Wizards 2313:Paydirt 2201:Acquire 1911:NukeWar 1583:Platoon 1303:Jutland 1215:Tactics 1071:Contigo 1031:Acquire 901:. 1979. 635:Reviews 191:known. 83:in 1998 71:History 2585:Hasbro 2557:People 2527:(1997) 2519:(1981) 2511:(1981) 2492:(2005) 2484:(2005) 2476:(2005) 2468:(2005) 2460:(2004) 2452:(2004) 2444:(2002) 2436:(2000) 2428:(2000) 2420:(1999) 2412:(1996) 2404:(1996) 2396:(1993) 2388:(1991) 2380:(1990) 2372:(1988) 2364:(1988) 2356:(1987) 2348:(1986) 2340:(1983) 2332:(1982) 2324:(1982) 2316:(1982) 2308:(1981) 2300:(1981) 2292:(1980) 2284:(1980) 2276:(1980) 2268:(1979) 2260:(1979) 2252:(1979) 2244:(1978) 2236:(1977) 2228:(1977) 2220:(1976) 2212:(1976) 2204:(1976) 2196:(1975) 2188:(1965) 2180:(1960) 2162:(1997) 2154:(1996) 2146:(1996) 2138:(1996) 2130:(1995) 2122:(1995) 2114:(1995) 2106:(1995) 2098:(1994) 2090:(1994) 2082:(1994) 2074:(1987) 2066:(1987) 2058:(1985) 2050:(1985) 2042:(1984) 2034:(1984) 2026:(1984) 2018:(1984) 2010:(1984) 2002:(1984) 1994:(1983) 1986:(1983) 1978:(1982) 1970:(1982) 1962:(1982) 1954:(1982) 1946:(1981) 1938:(1981) 1935:Galaxy 1930:(1981) 1922:(1981) 1914:(1980) 1906:(1980) 1898:(1980) 1890:(1980) 1882:(1980) 1874:(1980) 1866:(1980) 1846:(1991) 1838:(1984) 1830:(1983) 1822:(1983) 1806:(1983) 1765:(2013) 1757:(2010) 1749:(2010) 1741:(2007) 1733:(2007) 1725:(2006) 1717:(2005) 1709:(2004) 1701:(2001) 1693:(1999) 1674:(2000) 1666:(1999) 1658:(1995) 1650:(1995) 1642:(1993) 1634:(1992) 1626:(1992) 1618:(1991) 1615:Midway 1610:(1991) 1602:(1989) 1594:(1987) 1586:(1986) 1578:(1985) 1570:(1985) 1562:(1984) 1554:(1983) 1546:(1983) 1538:(1983) 1530:(1982) 1522:(1981) 1514:(1981) 1506:(1980) 1498:(1980) 1490:(1979) 1482:(1977) 1474:(1977) 1466:(1977) 1458:(1977) 1450:(1977) 1442:(1977) 1434:(1976) 1426:(1976) 1418:(1975) 1410:(1975) 1407:Tobruk 1402:(1974) 1394:(1974) 1386:(1974) 1378:(1974) 1370:(1974) 1362:(1972) 1354:(1972) 1346:(1971) 1338:(1971) 1335:Caesar 1330:(1970) 1322:(1969) 1314:(1968) 1306:(1967) 1298:(1965) 1290:(1964) 1287:Midway 1282:(1963) 1274:(1963) 1266:(1962) 1258:(1961) 1250:(1961) 1242:(1961) 1234:(1958) 1226:(1958) 1218:(1954) 1146:Quinto 1116:Jumpin 1091:Feudal 1076:Events 1041:Bazaar 922:  580:2024: 569:2022: 558:2021: 547:2020: 536:2019: 525:2018: 514:2017: 503:2016: 492:2015: 481:2014: 468:2013: 457:2012: 446:2011: 435:2010: 424:2009: 413:2008: 402:2007: 391:2006: 380:2005: 369:2004: 358:2003: 347:2002: 336:2001: 325:2000: 314:1999: 303:1998: 290:1997: 185:solved 97:Hasbro 2321:Titan 2217:TwixT 1319:Anzio 1255:D-Day 1156:TwixT 1111:Image 1066:Chess 960:TwixT 856:Games 839:Games 822:Games 734:arXiv 629:TwixT 624:Games 617:TwixT 612:Games 605:TwixT 600:Games 112:Rules 81:TwixT 49:TwixT 2249:Dune 1367:1776 1311:1914 1136:Ploy 1096:Foil 920:ISBN 686:Gale 144:link 962:at 744:doi 653:#18 230:own 173:Hex 129:not 2612:: 1101:Go 1017:3M 742:. 645:#6 1190:e 1183:t 1176:v 1009:e 1002:t 995:v 928:. 765:. 750:. 746:: 736:: 226:P 222:P 220:( 27:.

Index

Twixt (film)
Twixt (disambiguation)


strategy
board game
3M bookshelf game series
connection game

Alex Randolph
Avalon Hill
Hasbro
Spiel des Jahres
Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design's Hall of Fame
pie rule
knight's move
pencil and paper
PSPACE-complete
Hex
NP-complete
3-satisfiability
solved
perfect play


Mind Sports Olympiad
United States
Alex Randolph
Germany
Germany

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