430:
935:
530:
58:
2543:
711:
409:
About 7.5% of people have a sore throat in any 3-month period. Two or three episodes in a year are not uncommon. This resulted in 15 million physician visits in the United States in 2007. Pharyngitis is the most common cause of a sore throat. The word comes from the
2126:
405:
are useful in acute pharyngitis, other than possibly in severe cases, but a recent (2020) review found that when used in combination with antibiotics they moderately reduced pain and the likelihood of resolution.
2610:
2591:
2572:
1046:
are useful if a bacterial infection is the cause of the sore throat. For viral infections, antibiotics have no effect. In the United States, they are used in 25% of people before a bacterial infection has been
2460:
Urkin, J; Allenbogen, M; Friger, M; Vinker, S; Reuveni, H; Elahayani, A (November 2013). "Acute pharyngitis: low adherence to guidelines highlights need for greater flexibility in managing paediatric cases".
1995:
2119:
1412:
1434:
3095:
942:
Differentiating a viral and a bacterial cause of a sore throat based on symptoms alone is difficult. Thus, a throat swab often is done to rule out a bacterial cause.
1199:
Hildreth, AF; Takhar, S; Clark, MA; Hatten, B (September 2015). "Evidence-Based
Evaluation And Management Of Patients With Pharyngitis In The Emergency Department".
730:, and large lymph nodes. It is a contagious infection, spread by close contact with an infected individual. A definitive diagnosis is made based on the results of a
949:
may be used to determine the management of people with pharyngitis. Based on five clinical criteria, it indicates the probability of a streptococcal infection.
2180:"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America"
359:
testing has become common as it is as good as taking a throat swab but gives a faster result. Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include
1991:
1721:
1660:
2012:
2714:
1084:
2515:
983:
and considers antibiotics only appropriate following positive testing. Testing is not needed in children under three, as both group A strep and
1019:, can help reduce the pain associated with a sore throat. Aspirin may be used in adults, but is not recommended in children due to the risk of
1507:
de Cassan, Simone; Thompson, Matthew J.; Perera, Rafael; Glasziou, Paul P.; Del Mar, Chris B.; Heneghan, Carl J.; Hayward, Gail (1 May 2020).
3559:
501:
is an archaic term formerly used for chronic pharyngitis associated with overuse of the voice as in public speaking. It was sometimes called
2010:
Reynolds SC, Chow AW (September–October 2009). "Severe soft tissue infections of the head and neck: a primer for critical care physicians".
1356:
1404:
1457:"No evidence for the effectiveness of systemic corticosteroids in acute pharyngitis, community-acquired pneumonia and acute otitis media"
1246:
1642:
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1611:
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1605:
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These comprise about 40–80% of all infectious cases and can be a feature of many different types of viral infections.
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2736:
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1636:
1597:
Respiratory Care
Anatomy and Physiology, Foundations for Clinical Practice,3: Respiratory Care Anatomy and Physiology
1366:
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1142:
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303:
17:
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995:
The majority of the time, treatment is symptomatic. Specific treatments are effective for bacterial, fungal, and
340:
3776:
3242:
2700:
567:
are present with rapid onset high temperature, headache, and generalized ache. A sore throat may be associated.
3350:
813:
4039:
4014:
3549:
3500:
3333:
3271:
2231:
905:
348:
201:
2178:
Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, Gerber MA, Kaplan EL, Lee G, Martin JM, Van
Beneden C (9 September 2012).
1717:
1656:
1381:
321:, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as
3510:
1097:
are promoted and used for the treatment of sore throats. However, they are poorly supported by evidence.
829:
780:
667:
615:
343:. Specific testing is not recommended in people who have clear symptoms of a viral infection, such as a
3696:
2093:
1109:
and, together with cough, it is diagnosed in more than 1.9 million people a year in the United States.
850:
Pharyngitis may also be caused by mechanical, chemical, or thermal irritation, for example cold air or
722:(GAS). It is the most common bacterial cause of cases of pharyngitis (15–30%). Common symptoms include
3975:
3802:
3569:
3194:
3168:
2893:
2794:
751:
705:
692:
622:
can cause infection of the throat, ear, and lungs causing standard cold-like symptoms and often pain.
2266:
Baltimore RS (February 2010). "Re-evaluation of antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis".
1952:
1853:
Baltimore RS (February 2010). "Re-evaluation of antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis".
3345:
3173:
3158:
3151:
3056:
3017:
2964:
2942:
2900:
2828:
2629:
2507:
1059:
679:
643:
570:
537:
3324:
294:. Symptoms usually last 3–5 days, but can be longer depending on cause. Complications can include
3932:
3473:
3115:
3031:
2906:
1936:
Centor RM (1 December 2009). "Expand the pharyngitis paradigm for adolescents and young adults".
368:
225:
160:
4019:
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3452:
3413:
3328:
3281:
2980:
2823:
1947:
764:
649:
637:
574:
212:
2669:
2585:
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1322:
1230:
2861:
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2151:
1961:
1626:
1132:
1094:
809:
784:, which has been largely eradicated in developed nations since the introduction of childhood
760:
685:
673:
632:
1595:
3795:
3478:
3430:
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3190:
2789:
2358:
960:
805:
655:
588:
3090:
8:
3746:
3713:
3459:
3408:
3036:
2856:
2723:
2614:
2359:"LIDOCAINE VISCOUS (Xylocaine Viscous) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions"
980:
926:
619:
518:
450:
318:
2244:
2229:
Del Mar C (1992). "Managing sore throat: a literature review. I. Making the diagnosis".
1783:
1033:) may be useful for severe pharyngitis. Their general use, however, is poorly supported.
3887:
3604:
3469:
3425:
3257:
3178:
3105:
2975:
2486:
2437:
2404:
2335:
2310:
2291:
2206:
2179:
2037:
1973:
1878:
1764:
1541:
1508:
1481:
1456:
1295:
1270:
661:
554:
enlargement is modest and the throat often does not appear red, although it is painful.
458:
411:
299:
169:
136:
2623:
2070:
3726:
2970:
2799:
2760:
2692:
2640:
2478:
2442:
2424:
2385:
2340:
2311:"Corticosteroids for pain relief in sore throat: systematic review and meta-analysis"
2283:
2248:
2211:
2074:
2029:
1977:
1965:
1914:
1870:
1835:
1768:
1756:
1699:
1632:
1601:
1574:
1546:
1528:
1486:
1372:
1362:
1328:
1300:
1236:
1208:
1138:
1093:
is often suggested, but there is no evidence to support or discourage this practice.
195:
124:
2680:
2619:
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1882:
4034:
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3902:
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2191:
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1957:
1862:
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839:
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78:
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3531:
3482:
3403:
3319:
3127:
2634:
2548:
2279:
1866:
984:
946:
796:. Antibiotics are effective in the early stages, but recovery is generally slow.
756:
739:
488:
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402:
310:
188:
1831:
3991:
3629:
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3202:
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2932:
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2057:
1938:
996:
793:
731:
631:
A number of different bacteria can infect the human throat. The most common is
2604:
2025:
1902:
1695:
1472:
1286:
4008:
3945:
3721:
3435:
3146:
2428:
2055:
Bansal A, Miskoff J, Lis RJ (January 2003). "Otolaryngologic critical care".
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1020:
859:
372:
2600:
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3834:
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3611:
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2948:
2817:
2482:
2446:
2403:
Spinks, Anneliese; Glasziou, Paul P.; Del Mar, Chris B. (9 December 2021).
2389:
2344:
2309:
Hayward G, Thompson M, Heneghan C, Perera R, Del Mar C, Glasziou P (2009).
2287:
2215:
2078:
2033:
1969:
1918:
1874:
1839:
1818:
1703:
1550:
1490:
1435:"Acute pharyngitis - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice"
1355:
Neville, Brad W.; Damm, Douglas D.; Allen, Carl M.; Chi, Angela C. (2016).
1304:
1212:
1067:
817:
506:
360:
314:
291:
255:
217:
153:
2252:
1228:
3917:
3844:
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3703:
3686:
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3634:
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3440:
3388:
3355:
3227:
2956:
2851:
2806:
2741:
2664:
2511:
2196:
1106:
1016:
855:
851:
789:
785:
735:
727:
611:
603:
592:
472:
462:
398:
385:, can be used to help with the pain. Numbing medication, such as topical
364:
352:
344:
267:
221:
205:
141:
2564:
1682:
Rafei K, Lichenstein R (2006). "Airway
Infectious Disease Emergencies".
1573:(7th ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Mosby/Elsevier. Chapter 30.
778:
is a potentially life-threatening upper respiratory infection caused by
3907:
3849:
3676:
3276:
3262:
3237:
3212:
3207:
3141:
3012:
2988:
2937:
2811:
2776:
2751:
1090:
1055:
1043:
1008:
775:
607:
551:
547:
394:
390:
323:
287:
275:
31:
2474:
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1752:
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550:
is the most common of the viral causes. Typically, the degree of neck
429:
3970:
3965:
3751:
3383:
3252:
3247:
3217:
2768:
2675:
1037:
578:
564:
533:
441:. It may be classified as acute or chronic. Acute pharyngitis may be
386:
382:
336:
295:
235:
165:
2376:
Kocher, JJ; Selby, TD (1 July 2014). "Antibiotics for sore throat".
3922:
3882:
3766:
3651:
3051:
2784:
1509:"Corticosteroids as standalone or add-on treatment for sore throat"
1461:
European
Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
475:
is a subtype of pharyngitis. If the inflammation includes both the
446:
283:
1455:
Principi, N; Bianchini, S; Baggi, E; Esposito, S (February 2013).
461:
of the affected individual. Chronic pharyngitis may be catarrhal,
3897:
3892:
3872:
3859:
3004:
2880:
2405:"Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults"
1063:
1026:
934:
598:
466:
442:
263:
581:
tonsillitis with marked redness and swelling of the throat. The
529:
3912:
3101:
2914:
2843:
2595:
2576:
1506:
1051:
1012:
971:
Age less than 15 (a point is subtracted if age is more than 44)
476:
378:
259:
3787:
1454:
84:
57:
3950:
3877:
3867:
3826:
2922:
2308:
1229:
David A.Warrell; Timothy M. Cox; John D. Firth, eds. (2012).
804:
A few other causes are rare, but possibly fatal, and include
723:
332:
328:
279:
271:
149:
145:
710:
2871:
2459:
1625:
Hegner, Barbara; Acello, Barbara; Caldwell, Esther (2009).
1050:
Oral analgesic solutions, the active ingredient is usually
99:
1571:
Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice
987:
are rare, except if they have a sibling with the disease.
96:
1198:
1134:
Community
Pharmacy ANZ: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
718:
Streptococcal pharyngitis or strep throat is caused by a
521:
acquired from close contact with an infected individual.
105:
87:
1074:
are two examples of brands of these kinds of analgesics.
577:. This may cause significant lymph-node swelling and an
389:, may also help. Strep throat is typically treated with
2177:
2722:
1903:"Diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis"
1628:
Nursing
Assistant: A Nursing Process Approach – Basics
1361:(4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. p. 166.
2402:
1235:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 280–281.
108:
90:
81:
2554:
2538:
1624:
854:. Some medications may produce pharyngitis, such as
102:
1354:
437:Pharyngitis is a type of inflammation caused by an
93:
2091:
1427:
1380:
965:Temperature more than 38.0 °C (100.4 °F)
738:are useful to both prevent complications (such as
4006:
2098:Harvard Health Publishing Harvard Medical School
2054:
1681:
1105:Acute pharyngitis is the most common cause of a
479:and other parts of the throat, it may be called
1085:Alternative treatments used for the common cold
65:Viral pharyngitis resulting in visible redness.
1816:Bisno AL (January 2001). "Acute pharyngitis".
1040:relieves pain by numbing the mucous membranes.
3803:
2708:
1131:Rutter, Paul Professor; Newby, David (2015).
952:One point is given for each of the criteria:
2265:
2009:
1852:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1450:
1448:
755:is a normal inhabitant of the oropharyngeal
745:
699:
2409:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2375:
2222:
2173:
2171:
2169:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1811:
1809:
1513:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1316:
1314:
1130:
3810:
3796:
2715:
2701:
1734:
56:
3315:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
2436:
2334:
2228:
2205:
2195:
2152:"Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition"
1951:
1935:
1557:
1540:
1480:
1445:
1294:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1224:
1222:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1126:
1124:
1122:
2166:
1962:10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00011
1900:
1889:
1846:
1815:
1806:
1327:. Oxford University Press. p. 674.
1311:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1137:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 19.
933:
828:Some cases of pharyngitis are caused by
709:
528:
428:
3339:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
2502:
2500:
1675:
1600:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 5.
1593:
1324:Oxford Textbook of Primary Medical Care
788:programs, but is still reported in the
14:
4007:
2518:from the original on 29 September 2007
2274:(Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 22 (1)): 77–82.
1775:
1724:from the original on 17 November 2015.
1645:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1614:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1253:
1219:
1151:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1119:
27:Inflammation of the back of the throat
3791:
2696:
1925:from the original on 8 February 2015.
1781:
1502:
1500:
1320:
1268:
1249:from the original on 10 October 2016.
1232:Oxford textbook of medicine infection
1155:
977:Infectious Disease Society of America
763:. In one out of 400 untreated cases,
573:("glandular fever") is caused by the
245:~7.5% of people in any 3-month period
2497:
1568:
720:group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus
3772:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
2245:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb121422.x
24:
3361:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
2724:Diseases of the respiratory system
2365:from the original on 8 April 2010.
1998:from the original on 27 June 2009.
1794:from the original on 17 March 2010
1684:Pediatric Clinics of North America
1663:from the original on 25 March 2016
1497:
792:and increasingly in some areas in
25:
4051:
2534:
2132:from the original on 14 June 2010
585:can be used if this is suspected.
439:upper respiratory tract infection
424:
304:upper respiratory tract infection
286:, difficulty swallowing, swollen
4030:Gastrointestinal tract disorders
4025:Upper respiratory tract diseases
2541:
1631:. Cengage Learning. p. 45.
1415:from the original on 20 May 2016
1358:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
893:No antibiotic or culture needed
845:
417:meaning "throat" and the suffix
77:
3817:
2453:
2396:
2369:
2351:
2302:
2259:
2144:
2112:
2085:
2048:
2003:
1984:
1929:
1728:
1710:
1649:
1618:
1587:
1100:
904:Antibiotic based on culture or
487:. Another subclassification is
341:gastroesophageal reflux disease
274:. Other symptoms may include a
3777:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
2421:10.1002/14651858.CD000023.pub5
2125:. Boehringer Ingelheim. 2009.
1525:10.1002/14651858.CD008268.pub3
1397:
1348:
1078:
1002:
759:and can occasionally create a
13:
1:
3351:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2268:Current Opinion in Pediatrics
2071:10.1016/S0749-0704(02)00062-3
1735:Broadwater, Kimberly (2021).
1112:
990:
968:Tonsillar exudate or swelling
814:submandibular space infection
770:
536:pharyngitis in a person with
179:3–10 days, depending on cause
3334:Respiratory hypersensitivity
3272:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
2280:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833502e7
2232:Medical Journal of Australia
2184:Clinical Infectious Diseases
1867:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833502e7
1409:National Library of Medicine
906:rapid antigen detection test
865:
626:
349:rapid antigen detection test
266:. It typically results in a
202:rapid antigen detection test
7:
3243:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
2100:. Harvard Health Publishing
2094:"Sore Throat (Pharyngitis)"
1832:10.1056/NEJM200101183440308
1201:Emergency Medicine Practice
1017:acetaminophen (paracetamol)
781:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
668:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
616:respiratory syncytial virus
309:Most cases are caused by a
302:. Pharyngitis is a type of
10:
4056:
3096:Acute exacerbation of COPD
1082:
703:
29:
3984:
3931:
3858:
3825:
3739:
3712:
3642:
3628:
3582:
3540:
3519:
3493:
3396:
3382:
3373:
3302:
3187:
3167:
3050:
3030:
2870:
2750:
2730:
2655:
2558:
2378:American Family Physician
2026:10.1007/s00408-009-9153-7
1737:"Clergyman's Sore Throat"
1696:10.1016/j.pcl.2005.10.001
1473:10.1007/s10096-012-1747-y
1287:10.1016/j.pop.2013.10.010
1054:, but also less commonly
903:
823:
799:
752:Fusobacterium necrophorum
746:Fusobacterium necrophorum
706:Streptococcal pharyngitis
700:Streptococcal pharyngitis
693:Fusobacterium necrophorum
517:Most cases are due to an
241:
231:
211:
194:
183:
175:
159:
135:
123:
69:
64:
55:
47:
42:
3159:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
3152:Bronchiolitis obliterans
3018:Laryngotracheal stenosis
2965:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2943:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2901:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2829:Nasal septum perforation
2508:"Sore throat: Self-care"
2120:"Mirapex product insert"
2092:Harvard Medical School.
1060:cetylpyridinium chloride
680:Chlamydophila pneumoniae
644:Streptococcus pneumoniae
571:Infectious mononucleosis
538:infectious mononucleosis
524:
512:
421:meaning "inflammation".
401:. It is unclear whether
30:Not to be confused with
2907:Retropharyngeal abscess
2000:(registration required)
1901:Choby BA (March 2009).
1269:Weber, R (March 2014).
816:(Ludwig's angina), and
495:Clergyman's sore throat
369:retropharyngeal abscess
226:retropharyngeal abscess
3600:Pulmonary hypertension
3329:Eosinophilic pneumonia
2981:Vocal cord dysfunction
2824:Nasal septum deviation
1594:Beachey, Will (2013).
1207:(9): 1–16, quiz 16–7.
939:
871:Modified Centor score
742:) and speed recovery.
715:
714:A case of strep throat
650:Haemophilus influenzae
641:), but others include
638:Streptococcus pyogenes
540:
434:
213:Differential diagnosis
3727:Mediastinal emphysema
3506:Healthcare-associated
3436:Legionnaires' disease
2862:Peritonsillar abscess
2834:Nasal septal hematoma
1321:Jones, Roger (2004).
1095:Alternative medicines
937:
810:peritonsillar abscess
761:peritonsillar abscess
713:
686:Mycoplasma pneumoniae
674:Neisseria gonorrhoeae
633:group A streptococcus
532:
432:
3474:Mendelson's syndrome
3346:Hamman–Rich syndrome
1439:bestpractice.bmj.com
961:cervical lymph nodes
879:Probability of Strep
812:("quinsy abscess"),
806:parapharyngeal space
656:Bordetella pertussis
589:Herpes simplex virus
503:dysphonia clericorum
331:, irritants such as
4040:Otorhinolaryngology
4015:Infectious diseases
3747:Respiratory failure
3714:Mediastinal disease
3282:Bird fancier's lung
2857:Adenoid hypertrophy
1855:Curr. Opin. Pediatr
1569:Marx, John (2010).
981:empirical treatment
979:recommends against
959:Swollen and tender
927:Empiric antibiotics
872:
765:Lemierre's syndrome
620:parainfluenza virus
591:can cause multiple
519:infectious organism
491:(the common cold).
485:tonsillopharyngitis
481:pharyngotonsillitis
453:, depending on the
371:, and occasionally
319:bacterial infection
258:of the back of the
200:Based on symptoms,
3652:Pleuritis/pleurisy
3605:Pulmonary embolism
3501:Community-acquired
3426:Atypical bacterial
3325:Löffler's syndrome
3106:Status asthmaticus
3091:Chronic bronchitis
2976:Vocal fold paresis
2790:Vasomotor rhinitis
2656:External resources
2197:10.1093/cid/cis629
1741:Journal of Singing
1385:on 28 October 2021
956:Absence of a cough
940:
870:
716:
662:Bacillus anthracis
575:Epstein–Barr virus
541:
499:clergyman's throat
435:
300:acute otitis media
170:acute otitis media
130:Infectious disease
4000:
3999:
3785:
3784:
3735:
3734:
3692:Empyema/pyothorax
3624:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3578:
3577:
3511:Hospital-acquired
3369:
3368:
3233:Caplan's syndrome
3026:
3025:
2971:Vocal fold nodule
2795:Atrophic rhinitis
2690:
2689:
2475:10.1111/apa.12364
2327:10.1136/bmj.b2976
1753:10.53830/CNLB1302
1718:"www.nlm.nih.gov"
1580:978-0-323-05472-0
932:
931:
393:, such as either
249:
248:
196:Diagnostic method
51:Acute sore throat
37:Medical condition
18:Throat infections
16:(Redirected from
4047:
3941:Acute bronchitis
3903:Nasal congestion
3888:Loss of appetite
3812:
3805:
3798:
3789:
3788:
3670:Pleural effusion
3663:Hemopneumothorax
3640:
3639:
3394:
3393:
3380:
3379:
3223:Bauxite fibrosis
3188:External agents/
3185:
3184:
3116:Exercise-induced
3072:Acute bronchitis
3048:
3047:
2748:
2747:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2694:
2693:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2463:Acta Paediatrica
2457:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2415:(12): CD000023.
2400:
2394:
2393:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2338:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2209:
2199:
2175:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2154:. Elsevier. 2009
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1955:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1907:Am Fam Physician
1898:
1887:
1886:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1813:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1566:
1555:
1554:
1544:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1484:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1379:. Archived from
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1298:
1266:
1251:
1250:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1196:
1153:
1152:
1128:
873:
869:
835:Candida albicans
830:fungal infection
583:heterophile test
560:Orthomyxoviridae
355:is recommended.
115:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
60:
40:
39:
21:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3996:
3992:Antiviral drugs
3980:
3927:
3854:
3821:
3816:
3786:
3781:
3731:
3708:
3644:Pleural disease
3633:
3616:
3574:
3536:
3520:By distribution
3515:
3494:By vector/route
3489:
3387:
3375:
3365:
3320:Pulmonary edema
3298:
3193:
3189:
3176:
3172:
3163:
3128:Cystic fibrosis
3055:
3039:
3035:
3022:
2866:
2740:
2734:
2726:
2721:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2651:
2650:
2567:
2549:Medicine portal
2547:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2469:(11): 1075–80.
2458:
2454:
2401:
2397:
2374:
2370:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2307:
2303:
2264:
2260:
2227:
2223:
2190:(10): e86–102.
2176:
2167:
2157:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2090:
2086:
2053:
2049:
2008:
2004:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1953:10.1.1.669.7473
1934:
1930:
1899:
1890:
1851:
1847:
1814:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1780:
1776:
1733:
1729:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1639:
1623:
1619:
1608:
1592:
1588:
1581:
1567:
1558:
1519:(5): CD008268.
1505:
1498:
1453:
1446:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1386:
1369:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1319:
1312:
1267:
1254:
1243:
1227:
1220:
1197:
1156:
1145:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1103:
1087:
1081:
1009:Pain medication
1005:
993:
985:rheumatic fever
947:Centor criteria
868:
848:
826:
802:
773:
748:
740:rheumatic fever
708:
702:
629:
527:
515:
489:nasopharyngitis
459:immune capacity
455:causative agent
433:A normal throat
427:
347:. Otherwise, a
311:viral infection
262:, known as the
189:viral infection
119:
80:
76:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4053:
4043:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3823:
3822:
3815:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3792:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3655:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3637:
3630:Pleural cavity
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3476:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3391:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3331:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3292:Lycoperdonosis
3289:
3284:
3279:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3203:Pneumoconiosis
3199:
3197:
3182:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3123:Bronchiectasis
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3099:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3045:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2962:
2960:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2940:
2935:
2933:Laryngeal cyst
2930:
2928:Laryngomalacia
2925:
2920:
2918:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2876:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2847:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2728:
2727:
2720:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2672:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2637:
2626:
2607:
2588:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:Classification
2553:
2552:
2536:
2535:External links
2533:
2530:
2529:
2496:
2452:
2395:
2368:
2350:
2301:
2258:
2221:
2165:
2143:
2111:
2084:
2058:Crit Care Clin
2047:
2002:
1992:"UpToDate Inc"
1983:
1939:Ann Intern Med
1928:
1888:
1845:
1805:
1774:
1747:(1): 113–117.
1727:
1709:
1690:(2): 215–242.
1674:
1648:
1637:
1617:
1607:978-0323078665
1606:
1586:
1579:
1556:
1496:
1444:
1426:
1396:
1367:
1347:
1333:
1310:
1252:
1241:
1218:
1154:
1143:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1102:
1099:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1024:
1004:
1001:
997:herpes simplex
992:
989:
973:
972:
969:
966:
963:
957:
930:
929:
924:
921:
917:
916:
913:
909:
908:
902:
899:
895:
894:
891:
888:
884:
883:
880:
877:
867:
864:
860:antipsychotics
847:
844:
825:
822:
801:
798:
794:Eastern Europe
772:
769:
747:
744:
732:throat culture
704:Main article:
701:
698:
628:
625:
624:
623:
601:
596:
586:
568:
555:
526:
523:
514:
511:
426:
425:Classification
423:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
233:
229:
228:
215:
209:
208:
198:
192:
191:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
163:
157:
156:
148:, runny nose,
139:
133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
118:
117:
73:
71:
67:
66:
62:
61:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4052:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4020:Inflammations
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4003:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:Bronchiolitis
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3933:Complications
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3813:
3808:
3806:
3801:
3799:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:Other/general
3738:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3722:Mediastinitis
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3465:noninfectious
3463:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3374:Obstructive /
3372:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:Farmer's lung
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3147:Bronchiolitis
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2539:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2391:
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1785:
1784:"Pharyngitis"
1778:
1770:
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1658:
1657:"Tonsillitis"
1652:
1644:
1640:
1638:9781111780500
1634:
1630:
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1467:(2): 151–60.
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1462:
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1414:
1410:
1406:
1405:"Pharyngitis"
1400:
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1368:9781455770526
1364:
1360:
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1272:
1271:"Pharyngitis"
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1242:9780191631733
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1028:
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1021:Reye syndrome
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897:
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861:
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853:
846:Noninfectious
843:
841:
837:
836:
831:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
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544:
539:
535:
531:
522:
520:
510:
509:sore throat.
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
490:
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482:
478:
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373:heart disease
370:
366:
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161:Complications
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
140:
138:
134:
131:
128:
126:
122:
113:
75:
74:
72:
70:Pronunciation
68:
63:
59:
54:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
4002:
3976:Strep throat
3960:
3956:Otitis media
3898:Muscle aches
3659:Pneumothorax
3612:Lung abscess
3594:
3464:
3453:Pneumocystis
3414:Pneumococcal
3195:lung disease
3191:occupational
3169:Interstitial
3134:
3078:
3064:
3037:lung disease
3003:
2997:Epiglottitis
2987:
2955:
2949:Laryngospasm
2913:
2894:Strep throat
2888:
2879:
2842:
2818:nasal septum
2816:
2775:
2759:
2674:
2663:
2639:
2628:
2609:
2590:
2571:
2522:17 September
2520:. Retrieved
2466:
2462:
2455:
2412:
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2381:
2377:
2371:
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2318:
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2261:
2239:(8): 572–5.
2236:
2230:
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2183:
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2114:
2102:. Retrieved
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2056:
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2005:
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1937:
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1823:
1819:N Engl J Med
1817:
1796:. Retrieved
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1665:. Retrieved
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1627:
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1417:. Retrieved
1408:
1399:
1387:. Retrieved
1382:the original
1357:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1323:
1278:
1275:Primary Care
1274:
1231:
1204:
1200:
1133:
1104:
1101:Epidemiology
1088:
1068:Chloraseptic
999:infections.
994:
974:
951:
944:
941:
849:
833:
827:
818:epiglottitis
808:infections:
803:
779:
774:
750:
749:
717:
691:
684:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
642:
636:
630:
593:mouth ulcers
563:which cause
558:
542:
516:
507:folliculitis
502:
498:
494:
493:
484:
480:
471:
463:hypertrophic
436:
418:
414:
408:
377:
361:epiglottitis
322:
315:Strep throat
308:
292:hoarse voice
256:inflammation
251:
250:
218:Epiglottitis
154:hoarse voice
152:, headache,
3961:Pharyngitis
3918:Sore throat
3845:Enterovirus
3840:Coronavirus
3819:Common cold
3757:Common cold
3704:Fibrothorax
3687:Chylothorax
3682:Hydrothorax
3635:mediastinum
3595:circulatory
3590:Atelectasis
3397:By pathogen
3389:pneumonitis
3376:Restrictive
3356:Sarcoidosis
3228:Berylliosis
3174:restrictive
3135:unspecified
3057:obstructive
3040:(including
2957:vocal cords
2889:Pharyngitis
2852:Tonsillitis
2807:Nasal polyp
2742:common cold
2735:(including
2665:MedlinePlus
2512:Mayo Clinic
2384:(1): 23–4.
1782:Acerra JR.
1281:(1): 91–8.
1107:sore throat
1079:Alternative
1044:Antibiotics
1003:Medications
938:Throat swab
882:Management
856:pramipexole
852:acid reflux
840:oral thrush
790:Third World
786:vaccination
736:Antibiotics
728:sore throat
612:coronavirus
604:Common cold
557:The family
505:or chronic
473:Tonsillitis
399:amoxicillin
391:antibiotics
365:thyroiditis
353:throat swab
288:lymph nodes
268:sore throat
252:Pharyngitis
222:thyroiditis
206:throat swab
142:Sore throat
48:Other names
43:Pharyngitis
4009:Categories
3908:Rhinorrhea
3850:Rhinovirus
3835:Adenovirus
3677:Hemothorax
3479:Aspiration
3441:Chlamydiae
3431:Mycoplasma
3419:Klebsiella
3277:Bagassosis
3263:Byssinosis
3238:Chalicosis
3213:Asbestosis
3208:Aluminosis
3142:Bronchitis
3013:Tracheitis
2989:epiglottis
2938:Laryngitis
2812:Rhinorrhea
2641:DiseasesDB
2104:3 December
1113:References
1091:salt water
1083:See also:
1056:benzocaine
1011:, such as
991:Management
838:, causing
832:, such as
776:Diphtheria
771:Diphtheria
608:rhinovirus
552:lymph node
548:Adenovirus
451:ulcerative
412:Greek word
395:penicillin
381:, such as
324:gonococcus
276:runny nose
32:laryngitis
3971:Sinusitis
3966:Pneumonia
3752:Influenza
3697:Malignant
3460:Parasitic
3409:Bacterial
3384:Pneumonia
3253:Silicosis
3248:Siderosis
3218:Baritosis
3052:Bronchial
2800:Hay fever
2769:Sinusitis
2681:emerg/419
2676:eMedicine
2429:1469-493X
2321:: b2976.
1978:207535809
1948:CiteSeerX
1788:eMedicine
1769:239663449
1761:2769-4046
1533:1469-493X
1377:908336985
1089:Gargling
1062:, and/or
1047:detected.
1038:lidocaine
1029:(such as
887:1 or less
866:Diagnosis
627:Bacterial
579:exudative
565:influenza
534:Exudative
443:catarrhal
387:lidocaine
383:ibuprofen
337:allergies
296:sinusitis
242:Frequency
236:lidocaine
232:Treatment
166:Sinusitis
125:Specialty
3923:Weakness
3913:Sneezing
3883:Headache
3860:Symptoms
3767:COVID-19
3560:BOOP-COP
3527:Broncho-
3470:Chemical
3258:Talcosis
3179:fibrosis
3032:Lower RT
2785:Rhinitis
2732:Upper RT
2516:Archived
2491:24465793
2483:23879261
2447:34881426
2390:25077497
2363:Archived
2345:19661138
2296:13141765
2288:19996970
2216:22965026
2127:Archived
2079:12688577
2034:19653038
1996:Archived
1970:19949147
1923:Archived
1919:19275067
1883:13141765
1875:19996970
1840:11172144
1798:28 April
1792:Archived
1722:Archived
1704:16574523
1667:4 August
1661:Archived
1643:Archived
1612:Archived
1551:32356360
1491:22993127
1419:4 August
1413:Archived
1389:17 March
1340:4 August
1305:24439883
1247:Archived
1213:26276908
1149:Archived
1036:Viscous
1027:Steroids
767:occurs.
467:atrophic
457:and the
447:purulent
403:steroids
290:, and a
284:headache
187:Usually
176:Duration
137:Symptoms
4035:Pharynx
3893:Malaise
3873:Fatigue
3827:Viruses
3079:chronic
3005:trachea
2881:pharynx
2761:sinuses
2635:D010612
2438:8655103
2336:2722696
2253:1565052
2207:7108032
2158:30 June
2136:30 June
2042:9009912
1542:7193118
1482:7087613
1296:7119355
1072:Cepacol
1064:menthol
915:28–35%
890:<10%
599:Measles
477:tonsils
415:pharynx
264:pharynx
3448:Fungal
3102:Asthma
2915:larynx
2844:tonsil
2670:000655
2586:CA09.2
2489:
2481:
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2435:
2427:
2388:
2343:
2333:
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1968:
1950:
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1239:
1211:
1141:
1052:phenol
1013:NSAIDs
920:4 or 5
901:11–17%
876:Points
824:Fungal
800:Others
618:, and
379:NSAIDs
339:, and
260:throat
184:Causes
116:
3985:Drugs
3951:Croup
3878:Fever
3868:Cough
3583:Other
3532:Lobar
3483:Lipid
3404:Viral
3303:Other
3065:acute
3042:LRTIs
2967:(LPR)
2945:(LPR)
2923:Croup
2903:(LPR)
2737:URTIs
2646:24580
2624:472.1
2605:J31.2
2487:S2CID
2292:S2CID
2130:(PDF)
2123:(PDF)
2038:S2CID
1974:S2CID
1879:S2CID
1765:S2CID
757:flora
724:fever
525:Viral
513:Cause
465:, or
449:, or
419:-itis
333:smoke
329:fungi
280:cough
272:fever
150:cough
146:fever
3762:SARS
3565:NSIP
3310:ARDS
3111:AERD
3086:COPD
2872:Neck
2777:nose
2752:Head
2630:MeSH
2615:9-CM
2582:CA02
2524:2007
2479:PMID
2443:PMID
2425:ISSN
2413:2021
2386:PMID
2341:PMID
2284:PMID
2249:PMID
2212:PMID
2160:2010
2138:2010
2106:2019
2075:PMID
2030:PMID
2013:Lung
1966:PMID
1915:PMID
1871:PMID
1836:PMID
1800:2010
1757:ISSN
1700:PMID
1669:2016
1633:ISBN
1602:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1547:PMID
1529:ISSN
1517:2020
1487:PMID
1421:2016
1391:2020
1373:OCLC
1363:ISBN
1342:2016
1329:ISBN
1301:PMID
1237:ISBN
1209:PMID
1139:ISBN
1070:and
1015:and
975:The
858:and
690:and
345:cold
317:, a
298:and
270:and
3555:DIP
3550:UIP
3542:IIP
2620:462
2611:ICD
2601:J02
2592:ICD
2573:ICD
2471:doi
2467:102
2433:PMC
2417:doi
2331:PMC
2323:doi
2319:339
2315:BMJ
2276:doi
2241:doi
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2202:PMC
2192:doi
2067:doi
2022:doi
2018:187
1958:doi
1944:151
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1828:doi
1824:344
1749:doi
1692:doi
1537:PMC
1521:doi
1477:PMC
1469:doi
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1283:doi
923:52%
497:or
483:or
397:or
357:PCR
351:or
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