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at his favorite brothel, where he sees his ex-lover, Jenny. They sing the "ZuhÀlterballade" ("Pimp's Ballad", one of the Villon songs translated by Ammer) about their days together, but
Macheath doesn't know Mrs Peachum has bribed Jenny to turn him in. Despite Brown's apologies, there's nothing he can do, and Macheath is dragged away to jail. After he sings the "Ballade vom angenehmen Leben" ("Ballad of the Pleasant Life"), another Villon/Ammer song, another girlfriend, Lucy (Brown's daughter) and Polly show up at the same time, setting the stage for a nasty argument that builds to the "Eifersuchtsduett" ("Jealousy Duet"). After Polly leaves, Lucy engineers Macheath's escape. When Mr Peachum finds out, he confronts Brown and threatens him, telling him that he will unleash all of his beggars during
1050:", a revenge fantasy in which she is a scullery maid turning pirate queen to order the execution of her bosses and customers. The gang becomes nervous when the Chief of Police, Tiger Brown, arrives, but it's all part of the act; Brown had served with Mack in England's colonial wars and had intervened on numerous occasions to prevent the arrest of Macheath over the years. The old friends duet in the "Kanonen-Song" ("Cannon Song" or "Army Song"). In the next scene, Polly returns home and defiantly announces that she has married Macheath by singing the "Barbarasong" ("Barbara Song"). She stands fast against her parents' anger, but she inadvertently reveals Brown's connections to Macheath which her parents subsequently use to their advantage.
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290:, Brecht's lover at the time, received a copy of Gay's play from friends in England and, fascinated by the female characters and its critique of the condition of the London poor, began translating it into German. Brecht at first took little interest in her translation project, but in April 1928 he attempted to interest the impresario
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Macheath ("Mackie," or "Mack the Knife") marries Polly
Peachum. This displeases her father, who controls the beggars of London, and he endeavours to have Macheath hanged. His attempts are hindered by the fact that the Chief of Police, Tiger Brown, is Macheath's old army comrade. Still, Peachum exerts
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Polly warns
Macheath that her father will try to have him arrested. He is finally convinced that Peachum has enough influence to do it and makes arrangements to leave London, explaining the details of his bandit "business" to Polly so she can manage it in his absence. Before he leaves town, he stops
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After finishing with the new man, Peachum becomes aware that his grown daughter Polly did not return home the previous night. Peachum, who sees his daughter as his own private property, concludes that she has become involved with
Macheath. This does not suit Peachum at all, and he becomes determined
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Macheath asks everyone for forgiveness ("Grave
Inscription"). Then a sudden and intentionally comical reversal: Peachum announces that in this opera mercy will prevail over justice and that a messenger on horseback will arrive ("Walk to Gallows"); Brown arrives as that messenger and announces that
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The scene shifts to an empty stable where
Macheath himself is preparing to marry Polly once his gang has stolen and brought all the necessary food and furnishings. No vows are exchanged, but Polly is satisfied, and everyone sits down to a banquet. Since none of the gang members can provide fitting
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The story begins in the shop of
Jonathan Jeremiah Peachum, the boss of London's beggars, who outfits and trains the beggars in return for a slice of their takings from begging. In the first scene, the extent of Peachum's iniquity is immediately exposed. Filch, a new beggar, is obliged to bribe his
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described the 1945 performance where audience members climbed over ruins and passed through a tunnel to reach the open-air auditorium deprived of its ceiling. In addition to the smell of dead bodies trapped beneath the rubble, Eckardt recollects the actors themselves were "haggard, starved, in
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Jenny comes to the
Peachums' shop to demand her money for the betrayal of Macheath, which Mrs Peachum refuses to pay. Jenny reveals that Macheath is at Suky Tawdry's house. When Brown arrives, determined to arrest Peachum and the beggars, he is horrified to learn that the beggars are already in
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review said the production "turn Brecht and Weill's middle-class wake-up call into dead entertainment for rich people. His gelid staging and pallid, quasi-abstract recollections of
Expressionist-era design suggested that the writers might have been trying to perpetrate an artsified remake of
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and German dance music of the time. The orchestration involves a small ensemble with a good deal of doubling-up on instruments (in the original performances, for example, some 7 players covered a total of 23 instrumental parts, though modern performances typically use a few more players).
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position and only Mr
Peachum can stop them. To placate Peachum, Brown's only option is to arrest Macheath and have him executed. In the next scene, Macheath is back in jail and desperately trying to raise a sufficient bribe to get out again, even as the gallows are being assembled.
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for a total of 2,707 performances, beginning with an interrupted 96-performance run in 1954 and resuming in 1955. Blitzstein had translated the work into English, and toned down some of its acerbities. Over the course of its run, the production featured Scott Merrill as Macheath;
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we reach a public which either did not know us at all or thought us incapable of captivating listeners ... Opera was founded as an aristocratic form of art ... If the framework of opera is unable to withstand the impact of the age, then this framework must be destroyed ... In the
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and other critics. But the most savage criticism came from Weill himself, who described it privately as "the worst performance imaginable ⊠the whole thing was completely misunderstood". But his criticisms seem to have been for the concept of the piece as a Germanised version of
1307:'; it also marked a positive step towards an operatic reform. By explicitly and implicitly shunning the more earnest traditions of the opera house, Weill created a mixed form which incorporated spoken theatre and popular musical idioms. Parody of operatic convention â of
1083:' questions: "What's picking a lock compared to buying shares? What's breaking into a bank compared to founding one? What's murdering a man compared to employing one?" (These questions did not appear in the original version of the work, but first appeared in the musical
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A draft narration by Brecht for a concert performance begins: "You are about to hear an opera for beggars. Since this opera was intended to be as splendid as only beggars can imagine, and yet cheap enough for beggars to be able to watch, it is called the
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instead, claiming that he himself had been translating it . He delivered Hauptmann's translation to Aufricht, who immediately signed a contract for it. Brecht proposed Weill to write the music, and spent the next four months writing the libretto.
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671:, which is a reference to Gay's original opera. The play was translated by JenĆ Heltai, who mixed Weill and Pepusch' s music, and also Brecht and Gay's texts too. The director was ErnĆ Szabolcs, the cast included:
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way into the profession and agree to pay over to Peachum 50 percent of whatever he made; the previous day he had been severely beaten up for begging within the area of jurisdiction of Peachum's protection racket.
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Macheath has been pardoned by the queen and granted a title, a castle and a pension. The cast then sings the Finale, which ends with a plea that wrongdoing not be punished too harshly as life is harsh enough.
426:. Despite an initially poor reception, it became a great success, playing 400 times in the next two years. The performance was a springboard for one of the best known interpreters of Brecht and Weill's work,
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1988:, and, while not adored by the critics, the production was nominated for the "Best Musical Revival" Tony award. Jim Dale was also Tony-nominated for Best Supporting Actor. The run ended on June 25, 2006.
1387:" loosely based on the lyrics "Mack the Knife" featuring a parody of the song. The advert, which was associated with a 10% increase in later diners in some Californian restaurants at the time, led to a
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1324:(Macheath) threatened to quit if his character did not receive an introduction; this creative emergency resulted in what would become the work's most popular song, later translated into English by
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Critics did not fail to notice that Brecht had included the four Villon songs translated by Ammer. Brecht responded by saying that he had "a fundamental laxity in questions of literary property."
1029:, titled "Die Moritat von Mackie Messer" ("Ballad of Mack the Knife"). As the song concludes, a well-dressed man leaves the crowd and crosses the stage. This is Macheath, alias "Mack the Knife".
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has been performed in the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Russia, Italy, and Hungary. It has also been adapted to film and radio. The German-language version from 1928 entered the
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in the first act wedding scene. Sometimes (e.g. in the 1989 recording) it's sung by Polly in the first act and by Jenny in the second act between song 13 and 14 according to the list above.
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Weill claimed at the time that "music cannot further the action of the play or create its background", but achieves its proper value when it interrupts the action at the right moments."
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The first act of both works begins with the same melody ("Peachum's Morning Chorale"/"An Old Woman Clothed In Gray"), but that is the only material Weill borrowed from the melodies
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broadcast a complete radio production of the Michael Feingold translation directed by Nadia Molinari with the music performed by the BBC Philharmonic. The cast included
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Meech, Anthony (2011-01-01). "Brecht's the Threepenny Opera for the National Theatre: A 3p Opera?". In Baines, Roger; Marinetti, Cristina; Perteghella, Manuela (eds.).
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Soon it becomes clear that neither Polly nor the gang members can, or are willing to, raise any money, and Macheath prepares to die. He laments his fate and poses the '
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In the 2016 National Theatre, London, adaptation, this song was moved after the Tango Ballad as the finale to act one and sung by Mrs Peachum, Macheath and Chorus.
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Playbill of the premiere performance at Theater am Schiffbauerdamm Berlin, 31 August 1928. The name of Lotte Lenya, who played Jenny, was omitted by mistake.
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In the original version, "Pirate Jenny" is sung by Polly during the wedding scene, but is sometimes moved to the second act and given to Jenny. In the 1956
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sings Lucy, normally a small role, here assigned an extra number. Complete recording of the score, without spoken dialogues. Conducted by Samuel Matlowsky.
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and countless others have performed. In 2015, the Library of Congress added the recordings of "Mack the Knife" by Louis Armstrong and Bobby Darin to the
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2612:(Macheath), Stephanie Myszak (Polly), Anelia Shoumanova (Jenny), Herrmann Becht (Peachum), Anita Herrmann (Mrs Peachum), Eugene Demerdjiev (Brown),
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1399:. The case was settled outside of court without requiring a court hearing. Following this the mascot was mostly dropped from McDonalds marketing.
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disapproved: "It is high time that our theatres ceased playing homage to petit-bourgeois bad taste and instead turned to more relevant themes."
209:. Although there is debate as to how much, if any, contribution Hauptmann might have made to the text, Brecht is usually listed as sole author.
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Macheath and grant him the title of baron. The details of the original 1928 text have often been substantially modified in later productions.
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305:, which he had, in fact, already promised to another producer. Aufricht was seeking a production to launch his new theatre company at the
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for only a few performances in October 2011. The play was presented in German with English supertitles using the 1976 translation by
2622:, 1994, on CDJAY 1244. In English. Donmar Warehouse (London) production. Translated by Robert David Macdonald (lyrics translated by
1665:(Cottesloe Theatre) and UK Tour, February 2003. Translation by Jeremy Sams (lyrics) and Anthony Meech (book), directed by Tim Baker.
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The work's opening and closing lament, "Die Moritat von Mackie Messer," was written just before the Berlin premiere, when actor
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notes that "generic ambiguity is a key to the work's enduring success", and points out the work's deliberate hybrid status:
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2787:" refers to a coin in Britain's pre-decimal currency, which was discontinued in 1971 after the decimalization of sterling.
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which failed, though Brecht himself had attended rehearsals. The work was not revived in France until after World War II.
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genuine rags. Many of the actors ... had only just been released from concentration camp. They sang not well, but free."
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1395:'s son, Dodd Mitchell Darin. The lawsuit concerned the parody created by McDonald's stated that it was in violation of
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as a male Lucy. Included in the cast were drag performers. The director was Scott Elliott, the choreographer
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has made an adaptation by the same name for an installment of One Dollar Drags, an anthology of short films.
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Lied von der UnzulĂ€nglichkeit menschlichen Strebens (Song of the Insufficiency of Human Struggling â Peachum)
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2947:"January 1, 2024 is Public Domain Day: Works from 1928 are open to all, as are sound recordings from 1923!"
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III. Dreigroschenfinale (Third Threepenny Finale â Brown, Mrs Peachum, Peachum, Macheath, Polly, Chorus)
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The first American production, adapted into English by Gifford Cochran and Jerrold Krimsky and staged by
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2007:. The cast included Stefan Kurt as Macheath, Stefanie Stappenbeck as Polly and Angela Winkler as Jenny.
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2616:(Street Singer); Bulgarian Television and Radio Mixed Choir and Symphony Orchestra, Victor C. Symonette
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3355:"'The Threepenny Opera' review: Robert Wilson's vision of 1928 satiric musical has ups, sleepy downs"
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2297:(Mrs Peachum), Scott Merrill (Macheath), Gerald Price (Street Singer), and Martin Wolfson (Peachum).
1992:
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wrote "I cannot begin to list all the injuries done to Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill's masterpiece."
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produced the work again at the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm in 2021. The production travelled to the
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Broadway 012â159â463â2. In English. Lyrics by Marc Blitzstein. The 1950s Broadway cast, starring
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In 2014, the Robert David MacDonald and Jeremy Sams translation (previously used in 1994 at the
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a prostitute once romantically involved with Macheath; is bribed to turn Mack over to the police
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3951:"The Threepenny Opera Enters the Dead Zone: Robert Wilson whips out his embalming fluid at BAM"
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In the United Kingdom, the first fully staged performance was given on 9 February 1956, under
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as Jenny. The production rescinded some of Blitzstein's modifications. Critics were divided:
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called it "the most interesting and original thing that Joe Papp ... has produced" whilst
1407:"Pirate Jenny" is another well-known song from the work, which has since been recorded by
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was determined only a week before the opening; it had been previously announced as simply
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recorded it under the alternative title "The Black Freighter". Recently, the drag queen
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3430:"Kurt Weill Estate Inks Deal With BMG, Titles Include 'Mack the Knife', 'Alabama Song'"
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4150:(Booklet accompanying the 1988 recording, Cat: 430-075). London: Decca Record Company.
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conducted the first British broadcast of the work. It received scathing reviews from
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recorded in his diary meeting at the performance an ambassador and a director of the
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After World War II the first stage performance in Berlin was a rough production of
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in Milan on 27 February 1956 in the presence of Bertolt Brecht. The cast included:
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was first performed at the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm in 1928 on a set designed by
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10. I. Dreigroschenfinale (First Threepenny Finale â Polly, Peachum, Mrs Peachum)
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the Peachums' daughter; after knowing Mack for only five days, agrees to marry him
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Writing in 1929, Weill made the political and artistic intents of the work clear:
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2015:
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Ballade von der sexuellen Hörigkeit (Ballad of Sexual Dependency â Mrs Peachum)
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performance has been so honored, in Blitzstein's somewhat softened version of
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3. Morgenchoral des Peachum (Peachum's Morning Choral â Peachum, Mrs Peachum)
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2133:
475:, rather than for Clark's conducting of it, of which Weill made no mention.
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1930:
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was shown in its French version in 1931. In 1937 there was a production by
1486:
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1412:
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1145:
1047:
775:
606:
423:
260:
192:
7823:
3173:
Speak Low (When You Speak Love): The Letters of Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya
1707:
as Brown. This production was broadcast live to cinemas worldwide through
854:
a misfit young man who approaches the Peachums in hopes of beggar training
825:
9822:
9703:
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9553:
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4381:
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2823:
adaptation, this song was moved to the second act and sung by Lucy Brown.
2801:
2643:
2623:
2553:
2527:
2519:
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2253:
2249:
2237:
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2186:
2093:
1934:
1891:
1828:
1795:
1647:
as Polly. This production released a cast recording as was nominated for
1636:
1596:
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1420:
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1392:
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1308:
1281:
1026:
875:
845:
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809:
757:
519:
488:
427:
4321:
4055:
325:. Rather than translate the French himself, he used the translations by
9752:
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6845:
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5923:
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2698:
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2154:
2045:
1887:
1848:
1840:
1799:
983:
who leads a criminal gang, committing robbery, arson, rape and murder.
713:
706:
543:
217:
206:
81:
2804:, Polly sang a version of the "Bilbao Song" from Brecht's and Weill's
750:
controller of all the beggars in London; conspires to have Mack hanged
438:(and their wives), and concluded "One simply has to have been there."
9801:
9759:
9624:
9334:
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8172:
8039:
7760:
7711:
7676:
7237:
6664:
6613:
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6317:
5660:
5312:
4874:
2690:
2198:
1953:
1614:
1452:
1396:
1357:
1197:
Ballade vom angenehmen Leben (Ballad of the Pleasant Life â Macheath)
998:
987:
his influence and eventually gets Macheath arrested and sentenced to
793:
213:
2367:, 1958, on CBS MK 42637. Lenya, who also supervised the production,
2100:
simultaneously, a common practice in the early days of sound films.
7641:
7508:
6866:
6827:
6811:
6797:
6688:
6400:
6050:
5566:
1969:
1867:
1289:
980:
734:
648:
581:
444:
By 1933, when Weill and Brecht were forced to leave Germany by the
188:
129:
67:
802:
Police Chief of London and Mack's best friend from their army days
9400:
8438:
7900:
7515:
6804:
6788:
6774:
5276:
4333:
3816:. Cultural Criminology. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 126â138.
1388:
1191:
ZuhĂ€lterballade (Pimp's Ballad or Tango Ballad â Jenny, Macheath)
1080:
988:
788:
243:
6722:
4858:
4590:
3328:"Koldusopera bemutatĂł a VĂgszĂnhĂĄzban â HĂrek â Theater Online"
2634:(Polly Peachum), Tara Hugo (Jenny), Natasha Bain (Lucy Brown),
2272:
1671:(Olivier Theatre), 18 May to 1 October 2016. New adaptation by
1006:
1002:
342:), the same source he had been using since his earliest plays.
2899:
40:
People Who Can Eat People Are the Luckiest People in the World
4937:
4851:
3250:, "The Threepenny Opera" website, accessed 19 September 2016
2565:
1134:
4. Anstatt dass-Song (Instead of Song â Peachum, Mrs Peachum)
730:
554:
6633:
2964:
2728:
2395:. Complete recording of the score, without spoken dialogues.
7195:
6729:
3087:
2201:
as Polly/Whore, Ruth Alexander-Rubin as Mrs Peachum/Whore,
1434:
394:
362:
228:
3213:
The Theatre of Bertolt Brecht â A Study from Eight Aspects
2976:
2765:
The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume III: Century
1311:
lyricism and happy endings â constitutes a central device.
1292:
and the most full-blooded highbrow musical for lowbrows".
4089:
3937:
3911:
1747:
In 1946, four performances of the work were given at the
1635:, 1994. Translation by Robert David MacDonald (book) and
1303:
For Weill was not just 'the most consistent reaction to
1005:
of a happy ending, a messenger from the Queen arrives to
868:
sings 'The Ballad of Mack the Knife' in the opening scene
3003:
2840:, included "Surabaya Johnny" from the Brecht/Weill play
1067:
parade, ruining the ceremony and costing Brown his job.
6562:
and Creature Technology Company / Jason Michael Webb /
3887:
3776:
3728:
3395:
3371:
3275:
3265:
3263:
3015:
663:
The first Hungarian performance of the play was at the
361:(in English), with the subtitle "Die Luden-Oper" ("The
2225:
Recordings are in German, unless otherwise specified.
1941:
as the Street Singer. The production was unsuccessful.
38:"Survival Song" redirects here. For the AJJ song, see
3899:
3407:
3108:"Why Bertolt Brecht is still played around the world"
3027:
1858:
A nine-month run in 1976â77 had a new translation by
1609:(Olivier Theatre), 13 March 1986. New translation by
498:, featured Robert Chisholm as Macheath. It opened on
3764:
3334:
3260:
3219:
3192:
2993:
2991:
2724:
2083:
as Jenny. The production received favorable reviews.
2059:, Massachusetts, in June and July 2003. Directed by
818:
Tiger Brown's daughter; claims to be married to Mack
8632:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
3383:
3039:
1767:conducted a concert performance of the work at the
835:("Spelunken-Jenny"/"Low-Dive Jenny"/"Ginny Jenny"),
3564:
3317:, Piccolo Teatro di Milano, accessed 27 June 2015.
1241:Ruf aus der Gruft (Call from the Grave â Macheath)
1042:to thwart this relationship and destroy Macheath.
45:1928 musical play by Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill
4177:Hinton, Stephen (1992). "Dreigroschenoper, Die".
3555:
2988:
2881:, old themes find a new relevance and a new look"
1139:5. Hochzeits-Lied (Wedding Song â Four Gangsters)
1114:2. Die Moritat von Mackie Messer ("The Ballad of
667:(VĂgszĂnhĂĄz), on 6 September 1930. It was titled
309:in Berlin, but was not impressed by the sound of
9894:
5741:/ Experimental Theatre Inc. / Rosalind Gilder /
3537:Sasha Velour's One Dollar Drags | "Pirate Jenny"
2642:(Tiger Brown), Beverley Klein (Mrs Peachum) and
1249:20a. Gang zum Galgen (Walk to Gallows â Peachum)
3871:"The Threepenny Opera | Graeae Theatre Company"
3533:
1948:, the work was brought back to Broadway by the
1153:7. Kanonen-Song (Cannon Song â Macheath, Brown)
313:. Brecht immediately proposed a translation of
220:world. It opened on 31 August 1928 at Berlin's
5818:The New York Public Library Theatre Collection
3595:
2608:, 1990, on Koch International Classics 37006.
1693:Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical
1203:Eifersuchtsduett (Jealousy Duet â Lucy, Polly)
1025:A street singer entertains the crowd with the
6649:
6013:The National Theatre Company of Great Britain
5676:
5526:
5049:Der Lindberghflug/The Flight Across the Ocean
4953:
4349:
4256:Thomson, Peter; Sacks, Glendyr, eds. (1994).
4145:
4095:
3352:
2036:, April 27 through June 6, 1982. Adapted by
1790:revivals have been mounted in New York City.
1315:
726:London's greatest and most notorious criminal
724:Macheath ("Mackie Messer"/"Mack the Knife"),
9571:
9560:
6754:
6743:
6697:
6686:
4255:
3093:
2982:
2970:
2944:
2905:
1263:
571:In 1930 the work premiered in Moscow at the
540:
532:
254:
240:
168:
53:
6825:
3151:Newsletter of the literary division of the
1402:
1158:8. Liebeslied (Love Song â Polly, Macheath)
6656:
6642:
5683:
5669:
5533:
5519:
5422:Lost in the Stars: The Music of Kurt Weill
4960:
4946:
4356:
4342:
1769:Brandeis University Creative Arts Festival
1247:Grabschrift (Grave Inscription â Macheath)
766:Peachum's wife; helps him run the business
483:America was introduced to the work by the
321:Brecht used four songs by the French poet
66:
5452:September Songs â The Music of Kurt Weill
4193:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O006155
4162:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3846:"The Threepenny Opera | National Theatre"
3060:"In This Show, Mack the Knife Is a Woman"
2675:, Rolf Wollrad, and Peter Nikolaus Kante.
1851:as Readymoney Matt/Matt of the Mint; and
1847:as PC Smith, the Street Singer and Mack;
4233:
3455:
3340:
3021:
2874:
2098:1931 German- and French-language version
2048:, Timothy Landfield, Jessica James, and
1802:for her role as Jenny, the only time an
1653:Best Supporting Performance in a Musical
1443:", this number has been recorded by the
1205:15b. Arie der Lucy (Aria of Lucy â Lucy)
1179:11a. Polly's Lied (Polly's Song â Polly)
1046:entertainment, Polly gets up and sings "
400:
72:Original German poster from Berlin, 1928
4710:The Trial of Joan of Arc at Rouen, 1431
4146:Haas, Michael; Uekermann, Gerd (1988).
3130:
3057:
2750:Story adapted to Brazilian scenario by
1284:, the work is "the weightiest possible
1276:but conceived in terms of 20th-century
1027:illustrated murder ballad or BĂ€nkelsang
14:
9895:
6206:Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theater Center
5690:
5059:Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny
4900:The Modern Theatre Is the Epic Theatre
4487:Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny
4176:
4154:
3917:
3905:
3893:
3795:"National Theatre, Threepenny Opera".
3782:
3770:
3734:
3413:
3401:
3389:
3377:
3281:
3269:
3225:
3198:
3105:
3033:
2997:
2656:. Conducted by Jan Latham-König, with
1976:as Mrs Peachum, Carlos Leon as Filch,
1909:A 1989 Broadway production, billed as
954:Beggars, gangsters, whores, constables
9497:Six Characters in Search of an Author
6637:
6356:Edward E. Colton / Ben Edwards (1998)
5664:
5514:
4941:
4438:Downfall of the Egotist Johann Fatzer
4337:
4111:
3811:
3424:
3422:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3167:
3009:
2917:
2209:as Lucy/Whore, Ute Gfrerer as Jenny,
2143:In 1989 an American version (renamed
1779:, who translated the work, narrated.
1163:9. Barbarasong (Barbara Song â Polly)
639:(Chief of Police). The conductor was
593:The first Italian production, titled
526:was presented in October 1930 at the
393:Weill's score shows the influence of
174:
4239:Music in the Early Twentieth Century
4209:
3973:
3133:"Threepenny Politics in Translation"
3045:
2180:
1921:as Macheath. Its cast also featured
1459:performed it in a 1994 documentary.
1447:on the B-side of their 1993 single "
491:, which opened in New York in 1931.
235:have been widely covered and become
4241:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4138:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
2754:, having Rio instead of London, as
2087:
1995:presented a production directed by
1810:, which played Off-Broadway at the
1771:in the Adolph Ullman Amphitheatre,
1545:
991:. Macheath escapes this fate via a
866:Street Singer ("MoritatensÀnger"),
231:and German dance music, songs from
179:) is a German "play with music" by
24:
8692:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
6569:The Broadway Advocacy Coalition /
6277:New York State Council on the Arts
5019:Der Zar lÀsst sich photographieren
4563:Fear and Misery of the Third Reich
4363:
3814:Staging and Performing Translation
3419:
3231:
3178:. University of California Press.
1775:, to an audience of nearly 5,000.
1742:
1719:) toured the UK, presented by the
1687:as Polly, Nick Holder as Peachum,
1569:, from 21 March 1956. Directed by
1565:, 9 February to 20 March 1956 and
1375:In 1986, American fast-food chain
1235:Salomonsong (Solomon Song â Jenny)
1096:
522:and written by Ninon Steinhof and
25:
9994:
5322:Tschaikowsky (and Other Russians)
4473:The Baden-Baden Lesson on Consent
4308:, Kurt Weill Foundation for Music
4275:
4258:The Cambridge Companion to Brecht
4024:, theatermania.com, June 30, 2003
3353:Dziemianowicz, Joe (2011-10-06).
2464:. In English, new translation by
1759:gave six performances in 1948 in
1591:, opening 10 February 1972. With
1215:â Macheath, Mrs Peachum, Chorus)
697:Roles, voice types, premiere cast
557:equivalent French expression for
451:
9879:
9878:
6078:-American Theatre Society (1972)
5497:
5496:
4922:
4921:
4626:The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui
4556:The Horatians and the Curiatians
4160:Kurt Weill: The Threepenny Opera
3703:Edinburgh International Festival
3659:Internationaal Theater Amsterdam
3596:A. J. Goldmann (5 August 2021).
3153:American Translators Association
3106:Lehnen, Christine (2023-02-09).
2727:
1944:Liberally adapted by playwright
1655:(for Tara Hugo as Jenny) at the
1503:Edinburgh International Festival
1495:Internationaal Theater Amsterdam
764:Celia Peachum ("Frau Peachum"),
478:
301:in a play he was writing called
183:, adapted from a translation by
100:
6518:National Endowment for the Arts
6339:National Endowment for the Arts
5812:Fourth Street Chekov Theatre /
5734:The Importance of Being Earnest
4906:A Short Organum for the Theatre
4654:Schweyk in the Second World War
4598:Mother Courage and Her Children
4067:
4049:
4027:
4010:
3993:
3967:
3943:
3923:
3863:
3838:
3805:
3788:
3740:
3708:
3688:
3664:
3644:
3625:
3589:
3549:
3527:
3503:
3476:
3456:Prescott, Eileen (1987-11-29).
3449:
3346:
3320:
3287:
3204:
3161:
3124:
3099:
3078:
3051:
2875:Pressley, Nelson (2014-04-18).
2849:
2826:
2813:
2790:
1831:, billed as Mildred Cook, then
1613:, directed by Peter Wood. With
1272:, derived from an 18th-century
1229:17a. Reminiszenz (Reminiscence)
1177:Melodram (Melodrama â Macheath)
271:public domain in the US in 2024
9646:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
9639:Fourth dimension in literature
5432:The Young Gods Play Kurt Weill
5402:André Previn and J. J. Johnson
4967:
4299:Internet Off-Broadway Database
4283:Threepenny Opera
4260:. Cambridge University Press.
4007:, curtainup.com, June 28, 2003
4001:A CurtainUp Berkshire Review:
3974:Clay, Carolyn (May 18, 1982).
3534:House of Velour (2018-05-03),
2938:
2911:
2868:
2777:
2252:(MoritatensÀnger; Brown), and
2028:Regional productions include:
1691:as Mrs Peachum (nominated for
1455:covered it on two albums, and
1435:"The Second Threepenny Finale"
510:calling it "a dreary enigma".
176:[diËdÊaÉȘËÉĄÊÉÊnÌ©ËÊoËpÉ]
13:
1:
6663:
6035:New York Shakespeare Festival
5856:New York Shakespeare Festival
5830:American Shakespeare Festival
5809:Proscenium Productions (1955)
4689:Die Verurteilung des Lukullus
4640:The Visions of Simone Machard
4549:Round Heads and Pointed Heads
4038:"The Fine Art Of Slumming It"
3484:"Darin's Son Sues McDonald's"
3458:"The Making of 'Mac Tonight'"
3168:Weill, Kurt (November 1997).
3058:Belcher, David (2022-12-23).
2951:Duke University School of Law
2918:Fuchs, Sybille (2018-10-11).
2861:
2474:New York Shakespeare Festival
2220:
2205:as Mr. Peachum/Rev. Kimball,
2057:Williamstown Theatre Festival
1872:New York Shakespeare Festival
1423:, among others. In addition,
711:Premiere cast, 31 August 1928
530:in Paris. It was rendered as
518:A French version produced by
276:
6408:' Def Poetry Jam on Broadway
6374:/ T. Edward Hambleton (2000)
6181:National Theatre of the Deaf
6163:Circle in the Square Theatre
5708:/ Ira and Rita Katzenberg /
4612:Mr Puntila and His Man Matti
4514:Saint Joan of the Stockyards
4112:Brook, Stephen, ed. (1996).
3511:"The History of Mac Tonight"
2149:) was released, directed by
1733:Birmingham Repertory Theatre
1697:2017 Laurence Olivier Awards
1657:1995 Laurence Olivier Awards
1467:
1258:
975:London, the play focuses on
409:
7:
9968:Tony Award-winning musicals
9739:List of avant-garde artists
8716:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
6366:/ Isabelle Stevenson (1999)
6175:/ Equity Liberty Theatre /
5820:/ The Shakespearewrights /
5412:John Bunch Plays Kurt Weill
4619:The Good Person of Szechwan
4466:The Flight Across the Ocean
3142:(45): 20â31. Archived from
2720:
2681:, 1999, BMG 74321 66133â2,
1512:
1462:
1370:National Recording Registry
1020:
966:
961:
746:Jonathan Jeremiah Peachum,
29:The Threepenny Opera (film)
10:
9999:
9958:Plays based on other plays
9597:Classical Hollywood cinema
6474:Actors' Equity Association
6241:The Actors Fund of America
6101:A Moon for the Misbegotten
6096:Actors' Equity Association
6082:The Actors Fund of America
4885:Separation of the elements
4661:The Caucasian Chalk Circle
4521:The Exception and the Rule
4288:Internet Broadway Database
4130:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
4114:Opera: A Penguin Anthology
4105:
3850:www.nationaltheatre.org.uk
2548:, 1988, on Decca 430 075.
2393:Wilhelm BrĂŒckner-RĂŒggeberg
2189:in collaboration with the
1950:Roundabout Theatre Company
1478:Theater am Schiffbauerdamm
1218:
1168:
1121:
1101:
665:Comedy Theatre of Budapest
658:
414:
307:Theater am Schiffbauerdamm
286:In the winter of 1927â28,
281:
222:Theater am Schiffbauerdamm
151:Theater am Schiffbauerdamm
99:(four songs translated by
37:
33:Mack the Knife (1989 film)
26:
9860:
9538:
9379:
9247:
9087:
8836:
8825:
8668:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
8622:
8448:
8008:
7491:
7482:
7359:
7143:
6885:
6876:
6671:
6397:/ Robert Whitehead (2002)
6381:
6371:Dame Edna: The Royal Tour
6299:Brooklyn Academy of Music
6165:/ Thomas H. Fitzgerald /
6147:
5698:
5640:
5631:What Keeps Mankind Alive?
5608:
5581:
5559:
5494:
5473:
5392:
5371:Where Do We Go from Here?
5341:
5331:What Keeps Mankind Alive?
5240:
5179:The Firebrand of Florence
4975:
4919:
4807:
4770:What Keeps Mankind Alive?
4740:
4410:Mysteries of a Barbershop
4371:
4219:. London: Fourth Estate.
4116:. London: Penguin Books.
4096:Haas & Uekermann 1988
3171:Kurt Weill, Lotte Lenya,
2689:(conductor, Mr Peachum),
2044:, the production starred
1993:Brooklyn Academy of Music
1505:in 2023, and to the 2024
1441:What Keeps Mankind Alive?
1268:The ambivalent nature of
1264:Opera or musical theatre?
1001:when, in an unrestrained
952:
566:
513:
496:Francesco von Mendelssohn
255:
241:
139:
119:
107:
87:
77:
65:
50:
31:. For the 1989 film, see
7453:The Master and Margarita
6470:/ Philip J. Smith (2011)
6341:/ Harvey Sabinson (1995)
6128:Theatre Development Fund
4749:Reminiscence of Marie A.
3094:Thomson & Sacks 1994
2983:Thomson & Sacks 1994
2971:Thomson & Sacks 1994
2925:World Socialist Web Site
2906:Thomson & Sacks 1994
2838:National Theatre, London
2771:
2391:Orchestra, conducted by
1737:West Yorkshire Playhouse
1383:featuring a new mascot "
1213:Second Threepenny Finale
1211:II. Dreigroschenfinale (
1070:
1053:
1032:
690:
588:
388:
347:Johann Christoph Pepusch
191:'s 18th-century English
9908:Plays by Bertolt Brecht
9746:List of modernist poets
9632:Fourth dimension in art
8808:Meshes of the Afternoon
6201:and Charles Moss (1978)
6118:/ Harold Friedlander /
5890:John D. Rockefeller III
4675:The Days of the Commune
4417:In the Jungle of Cities
4185:Oxford University Press
3976:"Cents and sensibility"
3822:10.1057/9780230294608_8
3567:Bertolt Brecht's Berlin
2832:The 2016 adaptation by
2510:00289 4428349 (2 CDs).
2460:PS 34326. Conducted by
2357:Orchestra conducted by
2236:. Abridged/incomplete.
1876:Vivian Beaumont Theater
1757:Northwestern University
1585:Prince of Wales Theatre
27:For the 1931 film, see
9983:Musicals set in stores
9978:Musicals set in London
9928:German-language operas
9830:Second Viennese School
9572:
9561:
7465:The Sound and the Fury
7369:In Search of Lost Time
6826:
6755:
6744:
6698:
6687:
6580:Freestyle Love Supreme
6442:Robert Russell Bennett
6227:/ Hobe Morrison (1980)
6017:Negro Ensemble Company
5973:APA-Phoenix Theatre /
5838:Robert Russell Bennett
5442:Let No One Deceive You
4829:Non-Aristotelian drama
4584:How Much Is Your Iron?
4570:Señora Carrar's Rifles
4016:Portantiere, Michael.
3934:: Debauchery, Updated"
3679:) performance details"
2536:Franz Josef Degenhardt
2217:as the Ballad Singer.
2177:as the Street Singer.
2063:, the musical starred
1773:Waltham, Massachusetts
1749:University of Illinois
1721:Graeae Theatre Company
1611:Robert David MacDonald
1451:", and on two albums.
1313:
800:Jackie "Tiger" Brown,
748:the "Beggar's Friend",
643:. Set designs were by
541:
533:
406:
383:
201:, and four ballads by
169:
54:
9809:Reactionary modernism
9732:List of art movements
6520:/ Miles Wilkin (2016)
6500:John Cameron Mitchell
6267:La Tragedie de Carmen
6245:Warner Communications
6237:Radio City Music Hall
6219:Richard Fitzgerald /
5769:/ Philip Faversham /
5139:Knickerbocker Holiday
5099:The Seven Deadly Sins
4893:Messingkauf Dialogues
4696:Report from Herrnburg
4605:The Trial of Lucullus
4542:The Seven Deadly Sins
4318:, marc-blitzstein.org
4003:The Three Penny Opera
3801:: 30. March 12, 1986.
3798:London Theatre Record
3752:www.arthurlloyd.co.uk
3685:, Rome (October 2022)
3634:Die Dreigroschenoper
3131:Chamberlain, Jane H.
3084:Hinton (2009), p. 56.
2401:, 1966, conducted by
2385:Willy Trenk-Trebitsch
2246:Willy Trenk-Trebitsch
1301:
446:Nazi seizure of power
404:
370:
227:With influences from
9973:Musicals about gangs
9953:Operas set in London
9923:Operas by Kurt Weill
9653:Hanshinkan Modernism
9509:The Threepenny Opera
9425:Pelléas et Mélisande
6414:James M. Nederlander
6090:Shubert Organization
5875:La Plume de Ma Tante
5823:The Threepenny Opera
5716:/ P. A. MacDonald /
5590:The Threepenny Opera
5551:The Threepenny Opera
5351:The Threepenny Opera
5029:The Threepenny Opera
4647:The Duchess of Malfi
4459:The Threepenny Opera
4314:The Threepenny Opera
4305:Die Dreigroschenoper
4294:The Threepenny Opera
4134:Die Dreigroschenoper
4077:The Threepenny Opera
4020:The Threepenny Opera
4018:"Berkshires Review:
3719:performance details"
3717:The Threepenny Opera
3699:performance details"
3697:The Threepenny Opera
3677:Die Dreigroschenoper
3673:The Threepenny Opera
3655:performance details"
3653:Die Dreigroschenoper
3636:performance details"
3600:The Threepenny Opera
3306:, photos, costumes;
3295:L'opera da tre soldi
3254:11 July 2020 at the
3246:The Threepenny Opera
3012:, pp. 471â472..
2800:production starring
2679:Die Dreigroschenoper
2650:Die Dreigroschenoper
2620:The Threepenny Opera
2606:Die Dreigroschenoper
2598:Berlin Sinfonietta,
2546:Die Dreigroschenoper
2538:(Mor). Conducted by
2504:Die Dreigroschenoper
2454:The Threepenny Opera
2399:Die Dreigroschenoper
2389:Sender Freies Berlin
2365:Die Dreigroschenoper
2305:Die Dreigroschenoper
2279:The Threepenny Opera
2271:. Released on CD by
2230:Die Dreigroschenoper
2106:Die Dreigroschenoper
2042:Geraldine Fitzgerald
1982:Brian Charles Rooney
1855:as Crookfinger Jake.
1808:The Threepenny Opera
1725:Nottingham Playhouse
1649:Best Musical Revival
1529:Ernst Josef Aufricht
1524:The Threepenny Opera
1474:The Threepenny Opera
1457:William S. Burroughs
1449:Can You Forgive Her?
1381:advertising campaign
1295:The Weill authority
1270:The Threepenny Opera
651:; costume design by
595:L'opera da tre soldi
534:L'Opéra de quat'sous
528:Théùtre Montparnasse
458:Berthold Goldschmidt
420:The Threepenny Opera
355:Die Dreigroschenoper
292:Ernst Josef Aufricht
267:The Threepenny Opera
233:The Threepenny Opera
170:Die Dreigroschenoper
163:The Threepenny Opera
59:The Threepenny Opera
55:Die Dreigroschenoper
9948:Fiction set in 1838
9711:International Style
9461:Afternoon of a Faun
8740:Battleship Potemkin
8644:Mont Sainte-Victoir
6534:Andrew Lloyd Webber
6490:/ Paul Libin (2013)
6063:Fiddler on the Roof
5844:/ Joseph Harbuck /
5842:William Hammerstein
5834:Jean-Louis Barrault
5259:J'attends un navire
5009:Mahagonny-Songspiel
4403:Driving Out a Devil
4148:Zu unserer Aufnahme
3949:Feingold, Michael.
3920:, pp. 108â115.
3359:New York Daily News
2908:, pp. 108â109.
2886:The Washington Post
2369:Johanna von Koczian
2267:Band, conducted by
2213:as Tiger Brown and
2140:as Moritat singer.
1956:in March 2006 with
1937:as Suky Tawdry and
1837:Jo Sullivan Loesser
1835:) as Mrs. Peachum;
1563:Royal Court Theatre
1540:ThĂ©Ăątre de l'Ătoile
1144:6. SeerÀuberjenny (
1118:" â Street singer)
997:moments before the
699:
601:, premiered at the
288:Elisabeth Hauptmann
185:Elisabeth Hauptmann
134:Elisabeth Hauptmann
9590:Buddhist modernism
9547:American modernism
9473:The Rite of Spring
7441:The Sun Also Rises
7417:The Magic Mountain
6616:/ Nikiya Mathis /
6204:Walter F. Diehl /
5692:Special Tony Award
5572:The Beggar's Opera
5483:The Berlin Requiem
5381:One Touch of Venus
5209:Down in the Valley
5169:One Touch of Venus
4731:Trumpets and Drums
4389:Drums in the Night
4180:Grove Music Online
4043:The New York Times
3980:The Boston Phoenix
3964:, October 12, 2011
3956:2015-05-18 at the
3611:The New York Times
3463:The New York Times
3313:2018-03-13 at the
3302:2015-06-30 at the
3065:The New York Times
2945:Jennifer Jenkins.
2570:Wolfgang Reichmann
2355:Vienna State Opera
2124:in 1963, starring
2116:, was directed by
2079:as Lucy Brown and
1999:and featuring the
1960:playing Macheath,
1939:Ethyl Eichelberger
1761:Evanston, Illinois
1729:New Wolsey Theatre
1589:Piccadilly Theatre
1558:revivals include:
937:Werner Maschmeyer
861:Naphtali Lehrmann
695:
472:The Beggar's Opera
407:
359:The Beggar's Opera
351:The Beggar's Opera
333:Karl Anton Klammer
315:The Beggar's Opera
249:" ("The Ballad of
212:The work offers a
198:The Beggar's Opera
125:The Beggar's Opera
9918:West End musicals
9913:Broadway musicals
9890:
9889:
9618:Experimental film
9534:
9533:
9521:Waiting for Godot
8821:
8820:
7478:
7477:
7381:The Metamorphosis
6631:
6630:
6542:Bruce Springsteen
6514:Marshall W. Mason
6351:Bernard B. Jacobs
6076:The Theatre Guild
6001:Leonard Bernstein
5983:Maurice Chevalier
5914:Franco Zeffirelli
5900:The Theatre Guild
5776:Ruth Green (1951)
5739:Robert W. Dowling
5718:Vincent Sardi Sr.
5658:
5657:
5508:
5507:
5295:The Saga of Jenny
5229:Lost in the Stars
5159:We Will Never Die
4935:
4934:
4841:Defamiliarization
4784:Einheitsfrontlied
4633:Hangmen Also Die!
4445:The Elephant Calf
4267:978-0-521-42485-1
4248:978-0-19-538484-0
4235:Taruskin, Richard
4226:978-1-84115-475-6
4216:The Rest Is Noise
4202:978-1-56159-263-0
4169:978-0-521-33026-8
4136:(31 August 1928)"
4123:978-0-14-026073-1
3962:The Village Voice
3896:, pp. 97â99.
3831:978-1-349-31003-6
3785:, pp. 75â76.
3737:, pp. 71â72.
3723:Adelaide Festival
3578:978-0-385-05501-7
3557:Von Eckardt, Wolf
3404:, pp. 28â29.
3380:, pp. 50â77.
3284:, pp. 64â65.
2973:, pp. 81â84.
2757:Ăpera do Malandro
2660:, Gabriele Ramm,
2516:Helmut Qualtinger
2462:Stanley Silverman
2405:on Philips. With
2289:(Polly Peachum),
2275:Classics in 1990.
2181:Radio adaptations
2103:Another version,
2034:Charles Playhouse
2010:The Village Voice
2001:Berliner Ensemble
1816:Greenwich Village
1765:Leonard Bernstein
1507:Adelaide Festival
1439:Under the title "
1417:Tania Tsanaklidou
959:
958:
246:von Mackie Messer
159:
158:
16:(Redirected from
9990:
9882:
9881:
9853:
9851:Vulgar modernism
9846:
9844:Underground film
9839:
9832:
9825:
9818:
9811:
9804:
9797:
9790:
9783:
9776:
9769:
9762:
9755:
9748:
9741:
9734:
9727:
9720:
9713:
9706:
9697:
9690:
9683:
9676:
9669:
9667:Hippie modernism
9662:
9655:
9648:
9641:
9634:
9627:
9620:
9613:
9606:
9599:
9592:
9585:
9583:Bloomsbury Group
9578:
9577:
9567:
9566:
9556:
9549:
9527:
9526:
9515:
9514:
9503:
9502:
9491:
9490:
9479:
9478:
9467:
9466:
9455:
9454:
9443:
9442:
9431:
9430:
9419:
9418:
9407:
9406:
9395:
9394:
9372:
9365:
9358:
9351:
9344:
9337:
9330:
9323:
9316:
9309:
9302:
9295:
9288:
9281:
9274:
9267:
9260:
9240:
9233:
9226:
9219:
9212:
9205:
9198:
9191:
9184:
9177:
9170:
9163:
9156:
9149:
9142:
9135:
9128:
9121:
9114:
9107:
9100:
9080:
9073:
9066:
9059:
9052:
9045:
9038:
9031:
9024:
9017:
9010:
9003:
8996:
8989:
8982:
8975:
8968:
8961:
8954:
8947:
8940:
8933:
8926:
8919:
8912:
8905:
8898:
8891:
8884:
8877:
8870:
8863:
8856:
8849:
8834:
8833:
8814:
8813:
8802:
8801:
8790:
8789:
8780:
8779:
8770:
8769:
8764:Un Chien Andalou
8758:
8757:
8746:
8745:
8734:
8733:
8728:Ballet MĂ©canique
8722:
8721:
8710:
8709:
8698:
8697:
8686:
8685:
8674:
8673:
8662:
8661:
8656:The Starry Night
8650:
8649:
8638:
8637:
8615:
8608:
8601:
8594:
8587:
8580:
8573:
8566:
8559:
8552:
8545:
8538:
8531:
8524:
8517:
8510:
8503:
8496:
8489:
8482:
8475:
8468:
8461:
8441:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8413:
8406:
8399:
8392:
8385:
8378:
8371:
8364:
8357:
8350:
8343:
8336:
8329:
8322:
8315:
8308:
8301:
8294:
8287:
8280:
8273:
8266:
8259:
8252:
8245:
8238:
8231:
8224:
8217:
8210:
8203:
8196:
8189:
8182:
8175:
8168:
8161:
8154:
8147:
8140:
8133:
8126:
8119:
8112:
8105:
8098:
8091:
8084:
8077:
8070:
8063:
8056:
8049:
8042:
8035:
8028:
8021:
8001:
7994:
7987:
7985:Toulouse-Lautrec
7980:
7973:
7966:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7938:
7931:
7924:
7917:
7910:
7903:
7896:
7889:
7882:
7875:
7868:
7861:
7854:
7847:
7840:
7833:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7798:
7791:
7784:
7777:
7770:
7763:
7756:
7749:
7742:
7735:
7728:
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7714:
7707:
7700:
7693:
7686:
7679:
7672:
7665:
7658:
7651:
7644:
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7489:
7488:
7471:
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7459:
7458:
7447:
7446:
7435:
7434:
7423:
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7399:
7398:
7387:
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7352:
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7191:
7184:
7177:
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7129:
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7115:
7108:
7101:
7094:
7087:
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7073:
7066:
7059:
7052:
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7031:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7003:
6996:
6989:
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6975:
6968:
6961:
6954:
6947:
6940:
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6926:
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6912:
6905:
6898:
6883:
6882:
6869:
6862:
6855:
6848:
6841:
6832:
6831:
6821:
6814:
6807:
6800:
6791:
6784:
6777:
6768:
6761:
6760:
6750:
6749:
6746:Der Blaue Reiter
6739:
6732:
6725:
6718:
6711:
6704:
6703:
6693:
6692:
6682:
6658:
6651:
6644:
6635:
6634:
6584:Graciela Daniele
6556:Terrence McNally
6524:James Earl Jones
6446:Stephen Sondheim
6225:Mary Tyler Moore
6056:Roger L. Stevens
6039:Barbra Streisand
5987:Marlene Dietrich
5946:Eva Le Gallienne
5882:Burgess Meredith
5852:Mrs. Martin Beck
5706:Dora Chamberlain
5685:
5678:
5671:
5662:
5661:
5649:Threepenny Novel
5535:
5528:
5521:
5512:
5511:
5500:
5499:
5487:
5466:
5456:
5446:
5436:
5426:
5416:
5406:
5385:
5375:
5365:
5355:
5334:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5298:
5289:
5280:
5271:
5262:
5253:
5233:
5223:
5213:
5203:
5193:
5183:
5173:
5163:
5153:
5149:Lady in the Dark
5143:
5133:
5129:The Eternal Road
5123:
5113:
5103:
5093:
5083:
5073:
5063:
5053:
5043:
5033:
5023:
5013:
5003:
4993:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4939:
4938:
4925:
4924:
4777:SolidaritÀtslied
4452:Little Mahagonny
4358:
4351:
4344:
4335:
4334:
4271:
4252:
4230:
4206:
4183:(8th ed.).
4173:
4151:
4141:
4127:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4071:
4065:
4053:
4047:
4031:
4025:
4014:
4008:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3971:
3965:
3947:
3941:
3936:by Jeff Lunden,
3932:Threepenny Opera
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
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3867:
3861:
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3761:
3759:
3758:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3712:
3706:
3692:
3686:
3683:Teatro Argentina
3668:
3662:
3648:
3642:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3583:Internet Archive
3571:. Anchor Press.
3570:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3515:www.retroist.com
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
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3453:
3447:
3446:
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3331:
3324:
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3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3258:
3242:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3210:Bertolt Brecht.
3208:
3202:
3196:
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2909:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2879:Threepenny Opera
2877:"In Signature's
2872:
2856:
2853:
2847:
2846:(sung by Jenny).
2830:
2824:
2817:
2811:
2794:
2788:
2781:
2744:Threepenny Novel
2737:
2732:
2731:
2715:
2674:
2666:Walter Raffeiner
2626:). Conducted by
2593:
2582:
2498:Elizabeth Wilson
2476:cast, including
2445:
2430:
2419:
2403:Wolfgang Rennert
2387:, Arndt Chorus,
2373:Trude Hesterberg
2359:F. Charles Adler
2348:
2326:, Jenny Miller,
2325:
2313:Anny Felbermayer
2266:
2191:BBC Philharmonic
2169:as Tiger Brown,
2165:as Mrs Peachum,
2136:as Peachum, and
2118:Wolfgang Staudte
2115:
2092:German director
2088:Film adaptations
2050:Maryann Plunkett
2040:and directed by
1978:Adam Alexi-Malle
1927:Maureen McGovern
1925:as Mrs Peachum,
1915:Michael Feingold
1913:, translated by
1823:as Mr. Peachum;
1717:Donmar Warehouse
1711:on 22 September.
1669:National Theatre
1663:National Theatre
1643:as Macheath and
1633:Donmar Warehouse
1629:(Adam) as Jenny.
1607:National Theatre
1593:Vanessa Redgrave
1537:
1499:Teatro Argentina
1482:Wolf Von Eckardt
1316:"Mack the Knife"
1254:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1226:
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1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1176:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1113:
1108:
1015:Threepenny Opera
700:
698:
694:
687:(Mrs. Peachum).
669:A koldus operĂĄja
638:
623:
611:Mario Carotenuto
599:Giorgio Strehler
597:and directed by
577:Alexander Tairov
547:
536:
379:Dreigroschenoper
374:Dreigroschenoper
341:
330:
329:
300:
258:
257:
248:
247:
239:, most notably "
216:critique of the
205:, with music by
178:
172:
155:
154:
132:, translated by
70:
60:
57:
48:
47:
21:
18:Threepenny Opera
9998:
9997:
9993:
9992:
9991:
9989:
9988:
9987:
9963:German musicals
9893:
9892:
9891:
9886:
9877:
9869:
9856:
9849:
9842:
9837:Structural film
9835:
9828:
9821:
9814:
9807:
9800:
9793:
9788:New Objectivity
9786:
9779:
9774:Neo-romanticism
9772:
9767:Neo-primitivism
9765:
9758:
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9413:VerklÀrte Nacht
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7259:Lowell (Robert)
7257:
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6735:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6696:
6685:
6678:
6667:
6662:
6632:
6627:
6622:George C. Wolfe
6594:James C. Nicola
6590:Angela Lansbury
6575:American Utopia
6548:Rosemary Harris
6510:Sheldon Harnick
6484:Bernard Gersten
6406:Russell Simmons
6377:
6214:Richard Rodgers
6173:Cheryl Crawford
6167:Mathilde Pincus
6143:
6132:John F. Wharton
6072:Richard Rodgers
5940:W. McNeil Lowry
5928:Jonathan Miller
5910:Richard Rodgers
5906:Brooks Atkinson
5798:Beatrice Lillie
5771:Brock Pemberton
5710:Jules Leventhal
5694:
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5016:
5006:
4996:
4989:Der Protagonist
4986:
4978:
4971:
4966:
4936:
4931:
4915:
4865:Historicization
4809:
4803:
4736:
4577:Life of Galileo
4373:
4367:
4362:
4316:English version
4312:Information on
4278:
4268:
4249:
4227:
4203:
4170:
4156:Hinton, Stephen
4139:
4124:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4094:
4090:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4054:
4050:
4032:
4028:
4015:
4011:
3999:Sommer, Elyse.
3998:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3972:
3968:
3958:Wayback Machine
3948:
3944:
3940:, 15 April 2006
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3325:
3321:
3315:Wayback Machine
3304:Wayback Machine
3292:
3288:
3280:
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3268:
3261:
3256:Wayback Machine
3243:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3186:
3166:
3162:
3149:on 2013-08-09.
3146:
3135:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3114:
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3092:
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3079:
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2930:
2928:
2916:
2912:
2904:
2900:
2891:
2889:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2831:
2827:
2821:Marc Blitzstein
2818:
2814:
2795:
2791:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2733:
2726:
2723:
2709:
2707:Hannes Hellmann
2701:(Mrs Peachum),
2683:Ensemble Modern
2668:
2658:Ulrike Steinsky
2614:Waldemar Kmentt
2587:
2576:
2574:Susanne Tremper
2572:(Tiger Brown),
2560:(Mrs Peachum),
2512:Hannes Messemer
2494:C. K. Alexander
2472:. Starring the
2448:Franz Kutschera
2439:
2424:
2413:
2411:Edith Teichmann
2342:
2332:Helge Rosvaenge
2319:
2260:
2223:
2183:
2138:Sammy Davis Jr.
2109:
2090:
2065:Jesse L. Martin
2038:Marc Blitzstein
1972:as Mr Peachum,
1884:Richard Foreman
1777:Marc Blitzstein
1745:
1705:Peter de Jersey
1639:(lyrics). With
1601:Barbara Windsor
1579:Daphne Anderson
1567:Aldwych Theatre
1548:
1531:
1515:
1470:
1465:
1437:
1405:
1366:Robbie Williams
1346:Ella Fitzgerald
1338:Louis Armstrong
1326:Marc Blitzstein
1318:
1278:musical theatre
1266:
1261:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1232:
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1131:
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1126:
1124:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1099:
1097:Musical numbers
1073:
1056:
1035:
1023:
994:deus ex machina
969:
964:
915:Karl Hannemann
836:
782:Polly Peachum,
749:
712:
696:
693:
685:Ella Gombaszögi
661:
645:Luciano Damiani
632:
617:
615:Marina Bonfigli
591:
573:Kamerny Theatre
569:
516:
508:Gilbert Gabriel
481:
454:
417:
412:
391:
335:
327:
326:
323:François Villon
294:
284:
279:
203:François Villon
149:
143:
97:François Villon
94:
73:
58:
52:
46:
43:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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9805:
9798:
9795:Poetic realism
9791:
9784:
9777:
9770:
9763:
9756:
9749:
9742:
9735:
9728:
9725:Late modernity
9721:
9718:Late modernism
9714:
9707:
9700:
9699:
9698:
9691:
9684:
9670:
9663:
9660:High modernism
9656:
9649:
9642:
9635:
9628:
9621:
9614:
9607:
9604:Degenerate art
9600:
9593:
9586:
9579:
9574:Ballets Russes
9568:
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8365:
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8337:
8330:
8323:
8320:Ray (Satyajit)
8316:
8313:Ray (Nicholas)
8309:
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7412:
7405:The Waste Land
7400:
7388:
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7363:
7361:
7357:
7356:
7354:
7353:
7346:
7339:
7332:
7325:
7318:
7311:
7304:
7297:
7290:
7283:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7255:
7248:
7241:
7234:
7227:
7220:
7213:
7206:
7199:
7192:
7185:
7178:
7171:
7164:
7157:
7149:
7147:
7141:
7140:
7138:
7137:
7130:
7123:
7116:
7109:
7102:
7095:
7088:
7081:
7074:
7067:
7060:
7053:
7046:
7039:
7032:
7025:
7018:
7011:
7004:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6976:
6969:
6962:
6955:
6948:
6941:
6934:
6927:
6920:
6913:
6906:
6899:
6891:
6889:
6880:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6870:
6863:
6856:
6849:
6842:
6835:
6834:
6833:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6778:
6771:
6770:
6769:
6762:
6751:
6733:
6726:
6719:
6716:Constructivism
6712:
6705:
6694:
6683:
6675:
6673:
6669:
6668:
6661:
6660:
6653:
6646:
6638:
6629:
6628:
6626:
6625:
6607:
6597:
6587:
6567:
6564:Harold Wheeler
6545:
6530:John Leguizamo
6527:
6521:
6507:
6497:
6494:Jane Greenwood
6491:
6481:
6471:
6465:
6458:Alan Ayckbourn
6455:
6449:
6439:
6433:
6423:
6417:
6411:
6398:
6392:
6389:Paul Gemignani
6385:
6383:
6379:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6367:
6357:
6354:
6348:
6342:
6335:Carol Channing
6332:
6322:
6314:
6308:
6302:
6296:
6286:
6280:
6270:
6254:
6248:
6234:
6228:
6217:
6202:
6192:
6170:
6159:Richard Burton
6151:
6149:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6141:
6135:
6093:
6079:
6059:
6042:
6020:
5998:
5991:Audrey Hepburn
5979:Carol Channing
5971:
5965:
5959:
5952:Gilbert Miller
5949:
5943:
5917:
5903:
5893:
5879:
5866:Howard Lindsay
5859:
5849:
5827:
5810:
5807:
5801:
5791:
5777:
5774:
5764:
5758:
5755:James Whitmore
5721:
5702:
5700:
5696:
5695:
5688:
5687:
5680:
5673:
5665:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5627:
5620:
5617:Mack the Knife
5612:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5598:Mack the Knife
5594:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5556:
5542:Bertolt Brecht
5538:
5537:
5530:
5523:
5515:
5506:
5505:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5477:
5475:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5457:
5447:
5437:
5427:
5417:
5407:
5396:
5394:
5393:Tribute albums
5390:
5389:
5387:
5386:
5376:
5366:
5356:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5326:
5317:
5308:
5304:September Song
5299:
5290:
5281:
5272:
5268:Mack the Knife
5263:
5254:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5224:
5214:
5204:
5194:
5189:A Flag Is Born
5184:
5174:
5164:
5154:
5144:
5134:
5124:
5119:Johnny Johnson
5114:
5104:
5094:
5084:
5079:Die BĂŒrgschaft
5074:
5064:
5054:
5044:
5034:
5024:
5014:
5004:
4994:
4983:
4981:
4973:
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4965:
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4957:
4950:
4942:
4933:
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4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4896:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4855:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4836:Complex seeing
4832:
4831:
4826:
4819:
4813:
4811:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4744:
4742:
4738:
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4735:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4692:
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4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4650:
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4629:
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4615:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4434:
4431:Man Equals Man
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4377:
4375:
4369:
4368:
4365:Bertolt Brecht
4361:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4323:Mack the Knife
4319:
4309:
4301:
4290:
4277:
4276:External links
4274:
4273:
4272:
4266:
4253:
4247:
4231:
4225:
4207:
4201:
4174:
4168:
4152:
4143:
4128:
4122:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4088:
4066:
4057:Mack the Knife
4048:
4046:, July 4, 2003
4026:
4009:
3992:
3966:
3942:
3922:
3910:
3908:, p. 104.
3898:
3886:
3875:www.graeae.org
3862:
3852:. 2 March 2016
3837:
3830:
3804:
3787:
3775:
3763:
3739:
3727:
3707:
3687:
3663:
3643:
3640:Ruhrfestspiele
3624:
3602:, Without the
3588:
3577:
3561:Gilman, Sander
3548:
3526:
3502:
3475:
3448:
3418:
3416:, p. 146.
3406:
3394:
3382:
3370:
3345:
3333:
3319:
3286:
3274:
3259:
3230:
3218:
3203:
3191:
3184:
3160:
3123:
3098:
3096:, p. 111.
3086:
3077:
3050:
3048:, p. 192.
3038:
3036:, p. 161.
3026:
3024:, p. 535.
3014:
3002:
2987:
2985:, p. 108.
2975:
2963:
2937:
2910:
2898:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2848:
2834:Simon Stephens
2825:
2812:
2789:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2761:
2748:
2739:
2738:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2695:Sona MacDonald
2676:
2647:
2640:Simon Dormandy
2617:
2603:
2558:Helga Dernesch
2543:
2501:
2496:(Peachum) and
2451:
2437:Dieter Brammer
2396:
2381:Wolfgang Neuss
2377:Erich Schellow
2362:
2351:Liane Augustin
2302:
2276:
2222:
2219:
2195:Joseph Millson
2182:
2179:
2173:as Jenny, and
2159:Richard Harris
2146:Mack the Knife
2130:Hildegard Knef
2089:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2069:Melissa Errico
2053:
2026:
2025:
2016:Kander and Ebb
1989:
1942:
1907:
1882:, directed by
1880:Lincoln Center
1856:
1812:Theater de Lys
1782:At least five
1744:
1741:
1713:
1712:
1675:, directed by
1673:Simon Stephens
1666:
1660:
1630:
1627:Eve Polycarpou
1604:
1582:
1547:
1546:United Kingdom
1544:
1514:
1511:
1491:Ruhrfestspiele
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1436:
1433:
1404:
1403:"Pirate Jenny"
1401:
1330:Mack the Knife
1322:Harald Paulsen
1317:
1314:
1297:Stephen Hinton
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1220:
1217:
1170:
1167:
1123:
1120:
1116:Mack the Knife
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1072:
1069:
1061:Queen Victoria
1055:
1052:
1048:SeerÀuberjenny
1034:
1031:
1022:
1019:
968:
965:
963:
960:
957:
956:
950:
949:
948:Albert Venohr
946:
943:
939:
938:
935:
932:
928:
927:
926:Manfred FĂŒrst
924:
921:
917:
916:
913:
910:
906:
905:
904:Ernst Rotmund
902:
899:
895:
894:
889:
886:
879:
878:
873:
870:
863:
862:
859:
856:
849:
848:
843:
842:mezzo-soprano
840:
829:
828:
823:
820:
813:
812:
807:
804:
797:
796:
791:
786:
779:
778:
773:
768:
761:
760:
755:
752:
743:
742:
740:Harald Paulsen
737:
728:
721:
720:
709:
704:
692:
689:
677:Franciska Gaal
660:
657:
603:Piccolo Teatro
590:
587:
575:, directed by
568:
565:
515:
512:
504:Empire Theatre
480:
477:
453:
452:United Kingdom
450:
416:
413:
411:
408:
390:
387:
283:
280:
278:
275:
256:SeerÀuberjenny
251:Mack the Knife
181:Bertolt Brecht
157:
156:
141:
137:
136:
121:
117:
116:
114:Bertolt Brecht
111:
105:
104:
92:Bertolt Brecht
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
71:
63:
62:
44:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9995:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9944:
9943:Ballad operas
9941:
9939:
9936:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9919:
9916:
9914:
9911:
9909:
9906:
9904:
9903:1928 musicals
9901:
9900:
9898:
9885:
9875:
9874:
9873:Postmodernism
9868:
9867:
9859:
9852:
9848:
9845:
9841:
9838:
9834:
9831:
9827:
9824:
9820:
9817:
9816:Metamodernism
9813:
9810:
9806:
9803:
9799:
9796:
9792:
9789:
9785:
9782:
9781:New Hollywood
9778:
9775:
9771:
9768:
9764:
9761:
9757:
9754:
9750:
9747:
9743:
9740:
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9708:
9705:
9701:
9696:
9692:
9689:
9685:
9682:
9678:
9677:
9675:
9674:Impressionism
9671:
9668:
9664:
9661:
9657:
9654:
9650:
9647:
9643:
9640:
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8516:
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8509:
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8501:Hundertwasser
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7298:
7295:
7291:
7288:
7284:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7270:
7267:
7263:
7260:
7256:
7253:
7249:
7246:
7242:
7239:
7235:
7232:
7228:
7225:
7221:
7218:
7214:
7211:
7207:
7204:
7200:
7197:
7193:
7190:
7186:
7183:
7179:
7176:
7172:
7169:
7165:
7162:
7158:
7155:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7142:
7135:
7131:
7128:
7124:
7121:
7117:
7114:
7110:
7107:
7103:
7100:
7096:
7093:
7089:
7086:
7082:
7079:
7075:
7072:
7068:
7065:
7061:
7058:
7054:
7051:
7047:
7044:
7040:
7037:
7033:
7030:
7026:
7023:
7019:
7016:
7012:
7009:
7005:
7002:
6998:
6995:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6970:
6967:
6963:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6942:
6939:
6935:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6907:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6888:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6878:Literary arts
6875:
6868:
6864:
6861:
6857:
6854:
6850:
6847:
6843:
6840:
6836:
6830:
6829:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6819:Neoplasticism
6816:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6790:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6782:Functionalism
6779:
6776:
6772:
6767:
6763:
6759:
6758:
6752:
6748:
6747:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6737:Expressionism
6734:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6720:
6717:
6713:
6710:
6709:Ashcan School
6706:
6702:
6701:
6695:
6691:
6690:
6684:
6681:
6677:
6676:
6674:
6670:
6666:
6659:
6654:
6652:
6647:
6645:
6640:
6639:
6636:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6591:
6588:
6585:
6581:
6577:
6576:
6572:
6571:David Byrne's
6568:
6565:
6561:
6560:Sonny Tilders
6557:
6553:
6549:
6546:
6543:
6539:
6535:
6531:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6501:
6498:
6495:
6492:
6489:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6475:
6472:
6469:
6466:
6463:
6462:Marian Seldes
6459:
6456:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6430:Harold Prince
6427:
6424:
6421:
6418:
6415:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6402:
6399:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6384:
6380:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6365:
6364:Arthur Miller
6361:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6330:
6329:Jessica Tandy
6326:
6323:
6320:
6319:
6315:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6290:
6289:George Abbott
6287:
6284:
6281:
6278:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6259:
6258:A Chorus Line
6255:
6252:
6249:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6222:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6200:
6196:
6195:Irving Berlin
6193:
6190:
6186:
6182:
6178:
6177:Barry Manilow
6174:
6171:
6168:
6164:
6160:
6156:
6155:George Abbott
6153:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6139:
6138:Al Hirschfeld
6136:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6124:Liza Minnelli
6121:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6108:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6080:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6060:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6047:
6046:Elliot Norton
6044:Ingram Ash /
6043:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6027:Lynn Fontanne
6024:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6005:Carol Burnett
6002:
5999:
5996:
5995:David Merrick
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5937:
5936:Irving Berlin
5933:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5911:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5897:
5896:David Merrick
5894:
5891:
5887:
5886:James Thurber
5883:
5880:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5867:
5863:
5862:Russel Crouse
5860:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5835:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5824:
5819:
5815:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5795:
5792:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5780:Charles Boyer
5778:
5775:
5772:
5768:
5767:Maurice Evans
5765:
5762:
5759:
5756:
5752:
5751:George Pierce
5748:
5744:
5743:June Lockhart
5740:
5736:
5735:
5730:
5726:
5723:Vera Allen /
5722:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5686:
5681:
5679:
5674:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5663:
5651:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5639:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5552:
5547:
5543:
5536:
5531:
5529:
5524:
5522:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5503:
5493:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5444:
5443:
5438:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5424:
5423:
5418:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5404:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5391:
5383:
5382:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5332:
5327:
5323:
5318:
5314:
5309:
5305:
5300:
5296:
5291:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5264:
5260:
5255:
5251:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5239:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5109:Der Kuhhandel
5105:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5089:Der Silbersee
5085:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4980:
4974:
4970:
4963:
4958:
4956:
4951:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4930:
4929:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4880:Refunctioning
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4870:Interruptions
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4847:
4846:Demonstration
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4806:
4799:
4795:
4792:
4788:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4500:Der Neinsager
4496:
4495:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4354:
4352:
4347:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4269:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4175:
4171:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4144:
4137:
4135:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4109:
4097:
4092:
4084:
4080:
4079:, Drama on 3"
4078:
4070:
4064:
4060:
4058:
4052:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4034:Brantley, Ben
4030:
4023:
4021:
4013:
4006:
4004:
3996:
3981:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3946:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3902:
3895:
3890:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3833:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3800:
3799:
3791:
3784:
3779:
3773:, p. 74.
3772:
3767:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3736:
3731:
3724:
3720:
3718:
3711:
3705:(August 2023)
3704:
3700:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3656:
3654:
3647:
3641:
3638:, June 2021,
3637:
3635:
3628:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3539:
3538:
3530:
3516:
3512:
3506:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3479:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3415:
3410:
3403:
3398:
3391:
3386:
3379:
3374:
3360:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3341:Casaglia 2005
3337:
3329:
3323:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3283:
3278:
3272:, p. 63.
3271:
3266:
3264:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3228:, p. 81.
3227:
3222:
3215:
3214:
3207:
3201:, p. 72.
3200:
3195:
3187:
3185:9780520212404
3181:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3154:
3145:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3090:
3081:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3022:Taruskin 2010
3018:
3011:
3006:
2999:
2994:
2992:
2984:
2979:
2972:
2967:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2902:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2871:
2867:
2852:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2822:
2816:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2786:
2780:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2752:Chico Buarque
2749:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2725:
2716:(Tiger Brown)
2713:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2662:Jane Henschel
2659:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2646:(Mr Peachum).
2645:
2641:
2637:
2636:Tom Hollander
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2500:(Mrs Peachum)
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2486:Caroline Kava
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2466:Ralph Manheim
2463:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2423:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2336:Alfred Jerger
2333:
2329:
2328:Rosette Anday
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2295:Charlotte Rae
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2269:Theo Mackeben
2264:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2211:Conrad Nelson
2208:
2207:Rosalie Craig
2204:
2200:
2197:as Macheath,
2196:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2175:Roger Daltrey
2172:
2171:Julia Migenes
2168:
2164:
2163:Julie Walters
2160:
2157:as Macheath,
2156:
2152:
2151:Menahem Golan
2148:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2128:as Macheath,
2127:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2082:
2081:Betty Buckley
2078:
2074:
2073:David Schramm
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1997:Robert Wilson
1994:
1990:
1987:
1986:Aszure Barton
1983:
1980:as Jacob and
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:Wallace Shawn
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1923:Georgia Brown
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:3 Penny Opera
1908:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1894:as Lucy, and
1893:
1890:as Macheath,
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1860:Ralph Manheim
1857:
1854:
1853:Jerry Stiller
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1825:Charlotte Rae
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1743:United States
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1685:Rosalie Craig
1683:as Macheath,
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1641:Tom Hollander
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1623:Joanna Foster
1620:
1617:as Macheath,
1616:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:as Macheath,
1576:
1572:
1571:Sam Wanamaker
1568:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1541:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1493:in 2022, the
1492:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1445:Pet Shop Boys
1442:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1425:Steeleye Span
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1397:copyright law
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:Michael Bublé
1359:
1355:
1354:Frank Sinatra
1351:
1350:Sonny Rollins
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1334:jazz standard
1332:", and now a
1331:
1327:
1323:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1256:
1216:
1214:
1166:
1147:
1119:
1117:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1051:
1049:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:
990:
984:
982:
978:
974:
955:
951:
947:
944:
941:
940:
936:
933:
930:
929:
925:
922:
919:
918:
914:
911:
908:
907:
903:
900:
897:
896:
893:
890:
887:
885:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
869:
865:
864:
860:
857:
855:
851:
850:
847:
844:
841:
839:
834:
831:
830:
827:
824:
821:
819:
815:
814:
811:
808:
805:
803:
799:
798:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
781:
780:
777:
774:
772:
771:mezzo-soprano
769:
767:
763:
762:
759:
756:
753:
751:
745:
744:
741:
738:
736:
732:
729:
727:
723:
722:
719:
718:Theo Mackeben
715:
710:
708:
705:
702:
701:
688:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
656:
654:
653:Ezio Frigerio
650:
646:
642:
641:Bruno Maderna
636:
631:
630:Enzo Tarascio
627:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
586:
584:
583:
578:
574:
564:
562:
561:
556:
555:idiomatically
552:
548:
546:
545:
537:
535:
529:
525:
524:André Mauprey
521:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
479:United States
476:
474:
473:
467:
466:Ernest Newman
463:
459:
449:
447:
442:
439:
437:
436:Dresdner Bank
433:
432:Harry Kessler
429:
425:
421:
403:
399:
396:
386:
382:
380:
375:
369:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
349:arranged for
348:
343:
339:
334:
324:
319:
316:
312:
311:Fleischhacker
308:
304:
303:Fleischhacker
298:
293:
289:
274:
272:
268:
264:
262:
252:
245:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
199:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
173:
171:
165:
164:
152:
147:
142:
138:
135:
131:
127:
126:
122:
118:
115:
112:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
69:
64:
61:
56:
49:
41:
34:
30:
19:
9871:
9864:
9611:Ecomodernism
9519:
9508:
9507:
9495:
9483:
9471:
9459:
9449:The Firebird
9447:
9435:
9423:
9411:
9399:
9387:
8806:
8796:Citizen Kane
8794:
8785:Fallingwater
8775:Villa Savoye
8762:
8750:
8738:
8726:
8714:
8704:Black Square
8702:
8690:
8678:
8666:
8654:
8642:
8630:
8522:Le Corbusier
8450:Architecture
7463:
7451:
7439:
7429:Mrs Dalloway
7427:
7415:
7403:
7391:
7379:
7367:
7252:Lowell (Amy)
6618:Jack O'Brien
6610:Alex Edelman
6573:
6552:Marin Mazzie
6538:Chita Rivera
6488:Ming Cho Lee
6478:Hugh Jackman
6468:Athol Fugard
6452:Jerry Herman
6435:
6420:Edward Albee
6404:
6395:Julie Harris
6382:2001âpresent
6369:
6344:
6316:
6310:
6304:
6293:Jackie Mason
6282:
6266:
6263:Peter Feller
6256:
6250:
6199:Stan Dragoti
6120:Bette Midler
6116:Dudley Moore
6105:
6099:
6086:John Lindsay
6068:Ethel Merman
6061:
6049:
6009:Rex Harrison
5975:Pearl Bailey
5967:
5962:Helen Menken
5956:Oliver Smith
5932:Dudley Moore
5920:Alan Bennett
5873:
5870:John Gielgud
5822:
5821:
5803:
5784:Judy Garland
5760:
5732:
5729:Joe E. Brown
5725:Paul Beisman
5714:Burns Mantle
5647:
5624:Pirate Jenny
5596:
5588:
5570:
5550:
5549:
5481:
5460:
5450:
5440:
5430:
5420:
5410:
5400:
5379:
5369:
5359:
5349:
5286:Pirate Jenny
5250:Alabama Song
5227:
5217:
5207:
5199:Street Scene
5197:
5187:
5177:
5167:
5157:
5147:
5137:
5127:
5117:
5107:
5097:
5087:
5077:
5067:
5057:
5047:
5037:
5028:
5027:
5017:
5007:
4999:Royal Palace
4997:
4987:
4926:
4911:Street scene
4898:
4891:
4857:
4850:
4821:
4817:Epic theatre
4808:Theories and
4763:Pirate Jenny
4756:Alabama Song
4741:Poems, songs
4729:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4507:The Decision
4505:
4498:
4492:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4380:
4322:
4313:
4304:
4292:
4282:
4257:
4238:
4214:
4178:
4159:
4147:
4140:(in Italian)
4133:
4113:
4091:
4076:
4069:
4056:
4051:
4041:
4029:
4019:
4012:
4002:
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3979:
3969:
3961:
3945:
3931:
3925:
3913:
3901:
3889:
3878:. Retrieved
3874:
3865:
3854:. Retrieved
3849:
3840:
3813:
3807:
3796:
3790:
3778:
3766:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:
3742:
3730:
3725:(March 2024)
3716:
3710:
3696:
3690:
3676:
3672:
3666:
3652:
3646:
3633:
3627:
3615:. Retrieved
3609:
3603:
3599:
3591:
3581:– via
3566:
3551:
3541:, retrieved
3536:
3529:
3518:. Retrieved
3514:
3505:
3494:. Retrieved
3492:. 1989-10-15
3489:Deseret News
3487:
3478:
3467:. Retrieved
3461:
3451:
3440:. Retrieved
3438:. 2018-12-04
3433:
3409:
3397:
3392:, p. 1.
3385:
3373:
3362:. Retrieved
3358:
3348:
3336:
3322:
3294:
3289:
3277:
3245:
3221:
3212:
3206:
3194:
3174:
3170:
3163:
3150:
3144:the original
3139:
3126:
3115:. Retrieved
3111:
3101:
3089:
3080:
3069:. Retrieved
3063:
3053:
3041:
3029:
3017:
3005:
2978:
2966:
2954:. Retrieved
2940:
2929:. Retrieved
2923:
2913:
2901:
2890:. Retrieved
2884:
2878:
2870:
2851:
2841:
2828:
2815:
2805:
2798:off-Broadway
2792:
2779:
2763:
2755:
2742:
2735:Opera portal
2703:Timna Brauer
2693:(Macheath),
2678:
2649:
2638:(Macheath),
2632:Sharon Small
2628:Gary Yershon
2619:
2610:Manfred Jung
2605:
2600:John Mauceri
2552:(Macheath),
2545:
2532:Hanne Wieder
2503:
2482:Ellen Greene
2480:(Macheath),
2470:John Willett
2453:
2407:Karin HĂŒbner
2398:
2364:
2317:Hedy Fassler
2304:
2278:
2248:(Macheath),
2242:Erika Helmke
2229:
2224:
2184:
2161:as Peachum,
2144:
2142:
2126:Curd JĂŒrgens
2122:West Germany
2105:
2102:
2091:
2077:Karen Ziemba
2075:as Peachum,
2027:
2020:
2008:
2005:John Willett
1974:Ana Gasteyer
1966:Cyndi Lauper
1962:Nellie McKay
1958:Alan Cumming
1931:Kim Criswell
1910:
1900:Clive Barnes
1896:Ellen Greene
1864:John Willett
1845:Jerry Orbach
1833:Jane Connell
1821:Edward Asner
1807:
1804:off-Broadway
1788:Off-Broadway
1781:
1746:
1714:
1701:Sharon Small
1689:Haydn Gwynne
1681:Rory Kinnear
1677:Rufus Norris
1645:Sharon Small
1625:as Lucy and
1619:Sally Dexter
1556:Off-West End
1549:
1522:
1516:
1501:, Rome, the
1487:Barrie Kosky
1473:
1471:
1438:
1429:Sasha Velour
1413:Judy Collins
1406:
1379:launched an
1374:
1319:
1302:
1294:
1274:ballad opera
1269:
1267:
1222:
1172:
1146:Pirate Jenny
1125:
1109:1. Ouverture
1105:
1091:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1057:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1024:
1014:
1011:
992:
985:
979:, an amoral
970:
953:
883:
867:
853:
837:
817:
816:Lucy Brown,
801:
783:
776:Rosa Valetti
765:
747:
725:
668:
662:
607:Tino Carraro
594:
592:
580:
570:
558:
551:four pennies
550:
539:
531:
517:
493:
485:film version
482:
470:
462:Edward Clark
455:
443:
440:
424:Caspar Neher
419:
418:
392:
384:
378:
373:
371:
367:
365:'s Opera").
358:
354:
353:. The title
350:
344:
320:
314:
310:
302:
285:
266:
265:
261:Pirate Jenny
232:
226:
211:
196:
193:ballad opera
167:
162:
161:
160:
123:
95:Uncredited:
51:
9938:1928 operas
9866:Romanticism
9823:Remodernism
9704:Incoherents
9563:Avant-garde
9554:Armory Show
9161:Maeterlinck
9064:Villa-Lobos
9050:Szymanowski
9029:Stockhausen
8966:LutosĆawski
8684:(1909â1910)
7484:Visual arts
7457:(1928â1940)
7373:(1913â1927)
6896:Apollinaire
6860:Synchromism
6700:Art Nouveau
6604:John Kander
6426:Sarah Jones
6325:Hume Cronyn
6313:(1990â1992)
6273:Yul Brynner
6221:Helen Hayes
6210:Henry Fonda
6189:Lily Tomlin
6031:Alfred Lunt
6023:Noël Coward
5814:City Center
5788:Edward Kook
5747:Mary Martin
5462:This Is New
5342:Film scores
5069:Der Jasager
4791:Kinderhymne
4535:Kuhle Wampe
4494:Der Jasager
4083:BBC Radio 3
3918:Hinton 1990
3906:Hinton 1990
3894:Hinton 1990
3783:Hinton 1990
3771:Hinton 1990
3735:Hinton 1990
3414:Hinton 1990
3402:Hinton 1990
3390:Hinton 1990
3378:Hinton 1990
3282:Hinton 1990
3270:Hinton 1990
3226:Hinton 1990
3199:Hinton 1990
3158:Summer 2009
3034:Hinton 1990
2998:Hinton 1992
2802:Lotte Lenya
2710: [
2669: [
2652:, 1997, on
2644:Tom Mannion
2624:Jeremy Sams
2588: [
2585:Rolf Boysen
2577: [
2556:(Peachum),
2554:Mario Adorf
2528:Martin Held
2520:Berta Drews
2506:, 1968, on
2490:Blair Brown
2456:, 1976, on
2440: [
2425: [
2414: [
2343: [
2340:Kurt Preger
2320: [
2311:8057, with
2307:, 1955, on
2291:Lotte Lenya
2287:Jo Sullivan
2281:, 1954, on
2261: [
2256:(Peachum).
2254:Erich Ponto
2250:Kurt Gerron
2238:Lotte Lenya
2232:, 1930, on
2203:Zubin Varla
2187:BBC Radio 3
2110: [
2094:G. W. Pabst
1935:KT Sullivan
1892:Blair Brown
1829:Carole Cook
1796:Lotte Lenya
1763:. In 1952,
1637:Jeremy Sams
1597:Diana Quick
1550:In London,
1532: [
1421:Marc Almond
1409:Nina Simone
1393:Bobby Darin
1385:Mac Tonight
1342:Bobby Darin
1282:Hans Keller
892:Ernst Busch
884:a constable
876:Kurt Gerron
846:Lotte Lenya
810:Kurt Gerron
758:Erich Ponto
683:(Peachum),
633: [
618: [
613:(Peachum),
520:Gaston Baty
489:G. W. Pabst
428:Lotte Lenya
336: [
328:K. L. Ammer
295: [
101:K. L. Ammer
9897:Categories
9753:Maximalism
9688:Literature
9363:Wiesenthal
9265:Cunningham
9258:Balanchine
9238:Witkiewicz
9210:Strindberg
9196:Pirandello
9168:Mayakovsky
9043:Stravinsky
9015:Schoenberg
8827:Performing
8752:Metropolis
8543:Mendelsohn
8348:Rossellini
8341:Richardson
8152:Fassbinder
8138:Eisenstein
8075:Cassavetes
7831:Modigliani
7705:Goncharova
7691:Giacometti
7085:Dos Passos
6887:Literature
6846:Surrealism
6757:Die BrĂŒcke
6504:Tommy Tune
6231:Lena Horne
6185:Diana Ross
6112:Peter Cook
5924:Peter Cook
5872:/ Cast of
5846:Paul Shyre
5794:Danny Kaye
5731:/ Cast of
5546:Kurt Weill
5361:You and Me
4969:Kurt Weill
4823:LehrstĂŒcke
4810:techniques
4798:Die Lösung
4703:Coriolanus
4528:The Mother
4211:Ross, Alex
3985:August 30,
3880:2016-09-25
3856:2016-09-11
3757:2016-09-11
3543:2018-05-20
3520:2023-07-24
3496:2023-07-25
3469:2023-07-24
3442:2023-06-28
3364:2023-06-28
3248:in America
3140:ATA Source
3117:2023-06-28
3071:2023-06-28
3010:Brook 1996
2931:2023-06-28
2892:2023-06-28
2862:References
2785:threepenny
2783:The word "
2699:Nina Hagen
2594:(Herald).
2562:Ute Lemper
2550:René Kollo
2540:James Last
2524:Karin Baal
2478:Raul Julia
2433:Hans Korte
2299:Bea Arthur
2258:Lewis Ruth
2234:Telefunken
2221:Recordings
2167:Bill Nighy
2155:Raul Julia
2134:Gert Fröbe
2132:as Jenny,
2071:as Polly,
2061:Peter Hunt
2046:Elly Stone
1968:as Jenny,
1964:as Polly,
1929:as Polly,
1917:, starred
1904:John Simon
1888:Raul Julia
1849:John Astin
1841:Bea Arthur
1839:as Polly;
1800:Tony Award
1703:as Jenny,
1621:as Polly,
1377:McDonald's
1288:opera for
1065:coronation
707:Voice type
675:(Mackie),
609:(Mackie),
560:Threepenny
553:being the
277:Background
218:capitalist
207:Kurt Weill
144:31 August
82:Kurt Weill
9802:Pulp noir
9760:Modernity
9625:Film noir
9349:St. Denis
9272:Diaghilev
9008:Schaeffer
8931:Hindemith
8903:Dutilleux
8875:Boulanger
8680:The Dance
8376:Tarkovsky
8369:Sternberg
8201:Hitchcock
8117:Dovzhenko
8033:Antonioni
7978:Stieglitz
7817:Metzinger
7768:Kokoschka
7747:Kandinsky
7161:Aldington
7154:Akhmatova
7071:Marinetti
7064:Mansfield
7015:Hemingway
6853:Symbolism
6672:Movements
6665:Modernism
6614:Abe Jacob
6600:Joel Grey
6586:(2020/21)
6360:Uta Hagen
6318:Oklahoma!
6148:1976â2000
5699:1947â1975
5313:Speak Low
5219:Love Life
5039:Happy End
4979:the stage
4977:Works for
4875:Not / But
4682:The Tutor
4480:Happy End
4424:Edward II
4396:A Wedding
3617:5 January
3297:(1955â56)
3046:Ross 2008
2956:2 January
2843:Happe End
2807:Happy End
2705:(Jenny),
2697:(Polly),
2691:Max Raabe
2687:HK Gruber
2654:Capriccio
2568:(Jenny),
2564:(Polly),
2526:(Polly),
2488:(Polly),
2484:(Jenny),
2422:Anita Mey
2293:(Jenny),
2244:(Polly),
2240:(Jenny),
2215:HK Gruber
2199:Elen Rhys
2185:In 2009,
2067:as Mack,
2032:Boston's
1954:Studio 54
1933:as Lucy,
1843:as Lucy;
1794:In 1956,
1731:Ipswich,
1615:Tim Curry
1581:as Polly.
1575:Bill Owen
1453:Tom Waits
1358:Peggy Lee
1290:highbrows
1259:Reception
1086:Happy End
999:execution
973:Victorian
909:Matthias
888:baritone
872:baritone
826:Kate KĂŒhl
806:baritone
794:Roma Bahn
754:baritone
714:Conductor
681:GerĆ MĂĄly
679:(Polly),
673:PĂĄl JĂĄvor
628:(Jenny),
624:(Polly),
410:Premieres
372:With the
237:standards
214:socialist
9884:Category
9485:Fountain
9389:Don Juan
9328:Nijinsky
9224:Wedekind
9203:Piscator
9098:Anderson
9022:Scriabin
8938:Honegger
8592:Sullivan
8578:Saarinen
8571:Rietveld
8564:Niemeyer
8536:Melnikov
8466:Bunshaft
8397:Truffaut
8362:Sjöström
8306:Pudovkin
8278:Minnelli
8243:Kurosawa
8236:Kuleshov
8166:Flaherty
7992:Vuillard
7971:Steichen
7929:Rousseau
7894:Pissarro
7873:O'Keeffe
7838:Mondrian
7789:Malevich
7782:Magritte
7754:Kirchner
7698:van Gogh
7649:Doesburg
7628:Delaunay
7621:Delaunay
7544:BrĂąncuÈi
7530:Boccioni
7493:Painting
7343:Williams
7266:Mallarmé
7182:Cendrars
7092:Platonov
7050:Lawrence
7043:Koestler
6980:Flaubert
6973:Faulkner
6938:Bulgakov
6867:Tonalism
6828:De Stijl
6812:Lettrism
6798:Futurism
6689:Art Deco
6436:No award
6401:Cy Feuer
6345:No award
6311:No award
6305:No award
6283:No award
6251:No award
6051:Playbill
5968:No award
5804:No award
5761:No award
5567:John Gay
5502:Category
4928:Category
4724:Don Juan
4717:Turandot
4668:Antigone
4372:Dramatic
4237:(2010).
4213:(2008).
4158:(1990).
3954:Archived
3606:Clichés"
3563:(1975).
3311:Archived
3300:Archived
3252:Archived
3175:, p. 159
2721:See also
2583:(Lucy),
2492:(Lucy),
2458:Columbia
2309:Vanguard
1970:Jim Dale
1868:Joe Papp
1784:Broadway
1552:West End
1463:Revivals
1309:Romantic
1148:â Polly)
1021:Prologue
981:antihero
977:Macheath
967:Overview
962:Synopsis
822:soprano
735:baritone
649:Teo Otto
582:Izvestia
500:Broadway
253:") and "
189:John Gay
153:, Berlin
140:Premiere
130:John Gay
9539:Related
9401:Ubu Roi
9356:Tamiris
9342:Sokolow
9321:Massine
9189:Osborne
9182:O'Neill
9175:O'Casey
9133:Chekhov
9119:Beckett
9105:Anouilh
9089:Theatre
9036:Strauss
8994:Russolo
8973:Milhaud
8952:JanĂĄÄek
8924:GĂłrecki
8917:Feldman
8896:Debussy
8889:Copland
8847:Antheil
8585:Steiner
8508:Johnson
8487:Guimard
8480:Gropius
8327:Resnais
8229:Kubrick
8159:Fellini
8145:Epstein
8131:Edwards
8096:Cocteau
8082:Chaplin
8054:Bresson
8047:Bergman
8026:Aldrich
8019:Akerman
7964:Soutine
7936:Schiele
7887:Picasso
7880:Picabia
7810:Matisse
7684:Gauguin
7656:Duchamp
7614:Kooning
7593:Claudel
7586:Chirico
7579:Chagall
7572:CĂ©zanne
7565:Cassatt
7537:Bonnard
7523:Bellows
7516:Balthus
7393:Ulysses
7315:Stevens
7308:Seferis
7127:Unamuno
6966:Forster
6945:Chekhov
6910:Beckett
6839:Orphism
6805:Imagism
6789:Bauhaus
6775:Fauvism
6680:Acmeism
6107:Candide
5641:Related
5544:'s and
5277:My Ship
4297:at the
4286:at the
4106:Sources
3604:Cabaret
3435:Variety
3216:, p. 30
2836:at the
2819:In the
2630:. With
2522:(MsP),
2508:Polydor
2153:, with
2096:made a
2021:Cabaret
1886:, with
1874:at the
1827:(later
1709:NT Live
1695:at the
1679:. With
1573:. With
1538:at the
1476:at the
1468:Germany
1389:lawsuit
1286:lowbrow
1102:Prelude
1081:Marxist
971:Set in
931:Jimmie
898:Walter
882:Smith,
852:Filch,
789:soprano
659:Hungary
542:quatre
502:at the
415:Germany
282:Origins
244:Moritat
9933:Operas
9525:(1953)
9513:(1928)
9501:(1921)
9489:(1917)
9477:(1913)
9465:(1912)
9453:(1910)
9441:(1905)
9437:Salome
9429:(1902)
9417:(1899)
9405:(1896)
9393:(1888)
9370:Wigman
9300:Graham
9293:Fuller
9286:Fokine
9279:Duncan
9231:Wilder
9217:Toller
9154:Kaiser
9126:Brecht
9112:Artaud
9071:Webern
9057:VarĂšse
8987:Partch
8959:Ligeti
8882:Boulez
8854:BartĂłk
8812:(1943)
8800:(1941)
8788:(1936)
8778:(1931)
8768:(1929)
8756:(1927)
8744:(1925)
8732:(1923)
8720:(1920)
8708:(1915)
8696:(1912)
8672:(1907)
8660:(1889)
8648:(1887)
8636:(1886)
8613:Wright
8599:Tatlin
8557:Neutra
8459:Breuer
8425:Welles
8411:Vertov
8334:Renoir
8285:Murnau
8271:Marker
8264:Lupino
8222:Keaton
8208:Hubley
8194:Godard
8180:Fuller
8124:Dreyer
8103:Dassin
8061:Buñuel
7957:Sisley
7950:Signac
7943:Seurat
7915:Renoir
7733:Hopper
7635:Demuth
7558:Calder
7551:Braque
7502:Albers
7469:(1929)
7445:(1926)
7433:(1925)
7421:(1924)
7409:(1922)
7397:(1922)
7385:(1915)
7336:Valéry
7322:Thomas
7287:Pessoa
7231:George
7224:Elytis
7217:Ăluard
7203:Desnos
7175:Cavafy
7145:Poetry
7106:Proust
7099:Porter
7001:Hamsun
6959:Döblin
6952:Conrad
6924:Breton
6903:Barnes
6723:Cubism
6624:(2024)
6606:(2023)
6596:(2022)
6566:(2019)
6544:(2018)
6526:(2017)
6506:(2015)
6496:(2014)
6480:(2012)
6464:(2010)
6454:(2009)
6448:(2008)
6438:(2007)
6432:(2006)
6422:(2005)
6416:(2004)
6410:(2003)
6391:(2001)
6353:(1997)
6347:(1996)
6331:(1994)
6321:(1993)
6307:(1989)
6301:(1988)
6295:(1987)
6285:(1986)
6279:(1985)
6269:(1984)
6253:(1983)
6247:(1982)
6233:(1981)
6216:(1979)
6191:(1977)
6169:(1976)
6140:(1975)
6134:(1974)
6092:(1973)
6058:(1971)
6041:(1970)
6019:(1969)
6015:/ The
5997:(1968)
5970:(1967)
5964:(1966)
5958:(1965)
5948:(1964)
5942:(1963)
5916:(1962)
5902:(1961)
5892:(1960)
5878:(1959)
5858:(1958)
5848:(1957)
5826:(1956)
5806:(1954)
5800:(1953)
5790:(1952)
5773:(1950)
5763:(1949)
5757:(1948)
5720:(1947)
5601:(1989)
5593:(1931)
5560:Source
5554:(1928)
5486:(1928)
5474:Others
5465:(2002)
5455:(1994)
5445:(1992)
5435:(1991)
5425:(1985)
5415:(1975)
5405:(1962)
5384:(1948)
5374:(1945)
5364:(1938)
5354:(1931)
5232:(1949)
5222:(1948)
5212:(1948)
5202:(1946)
5192:(1945)
5182:(1945)
5172:(1943)
5162:(1943)
5152:(1940)
5142:(1938)
5132:(1937)
5122:(1936)
5112:(1935)
5102:(1933)
5092:(1933)
5082:(1932)
5072:(1930)
5062:(1930)
5052:(1929)
5042:(1929)
5032:(1928)
5022:(1928)
5012:(1927)
5002:(1927)
4992:(1926)
4859:Gestus
4591:Dansen
4325:(1989)
4264:
4245:
4223:
4199:
4166:
4120:
4059:(1989)
3828:
3661:(2022)
3575:
3308:poster
3182:
3112:dw.com
2760:(1979)
2747:(1934)
2514:(MM),
2446:, and
2383:, and
2273:Teldec
1798:won a
1755:, and
1753:Urbana
1513:France
1419:, and
1305:Wagner
1007:pardon
1003:parody
945:tenor
934:tenor
923:tenor
920:Jakob
912:tenor
901:tenor
858:tenor
567:Russia
514:France
88:Lyrics
9695:Post-
9681:Music
9380:Works
9335:Shawn
9314:Laban
9249:Dance
9147:Jarry
9140:Ibsen
9078:Weill
9001:Satie
8910:Falla
8868:Berio
8838:Music
8623:Works
8550:Nervi
8494:Horta
8473:GaudĂ
8432:Wiene
8404:Varda
8390:Trnka
8299:Pabst
8257:Losey
8215:Jones
8187:Gance
8110:Deren
8089:Clair
8068:Carné
8040:Avery
7922:Rodin
7908:Redon
7866:Nolde
7859:Munch
7852:Moore
7845:Monet
7796:Manet
7775:LĂ©ger
7740:Kahlo
7719:Grosz
7677:Ernst
7670:Ensor
7607:Degas
7360:Works
7350:Yeats
7329:Tzara
7301:Rilke
7294:Pound
7273:Moore
7245:Lorca
7238:Jacob
7210:Eliot
7189:Crane
7168:Auden
7134:Woolf
7120:Svevo
7113:Stein
7078:Musil
7036:Kafka
7029:Joyce
7022:Hesse
7008:HaĆĄek
6931:Broch
6766:Music
5609:Songs
5582:Films
5241:Songs
4852:Fabel
4374:works
3147:(PDF)
3136:(PDF)
2772:Notes
2714:]
2673:]
2592:]
2581:]
2566:Milva
2534:(J),
2530:(B),
2518:(P),
2444:]
2429:]
2418:]
2347:]
2324:]
2283:Decca
2265:]
2114:]
1919:Sting
1723:with
1536:]
1521:film
1519:Pabst
1336:that
1219:Act 3
1169:Act 2
1122:Act 1
1071:Act 3
1054:Act 2
1033:Act 1
833:Jenny
731:tenor
703:Role
691:Roles
637:]
626:Milly
622:]
589:Italy
549:, or
389:Music
340:]
299:]
120:Basis
78:Music
9307:Holm
8980:Nono
8945:Ives
8861:Berg
8829:arts
8606:Mies
8529:Loos
8515:Kahn
8439:Wood
8418:Vigo
8383:Tati
8355:Sirk
8250:Lang
8173:Ford
8010:Film
7999:Wood
7824:MirĂł
7803:Marc
7761:Klee
7726:Höch
7712:Gris
7663:Dufy
7600:DalĂ
7280:Owen
7196:H.D.
7057:Mann
6994:Gide
6987:Ford
6917:Bely
6730:Dada
6327:and
6114:and
6029:and
5930:and
5884:and
5864:and
4382:Baal
4329:IMDb
4262:ISBN
4243:ISBN
4221:ISBN
4197:ISBN
4164:ISBN
4118:ISBN
4063:IMDb
3987:2024
3826:ISBN
3619:2024
3573:ISBN
3180:ISBN
2958:2024
2596:RIAS
2468:and
2349:and
2055:The
1991:The
1866:for
1862:and
1786:and
1735:and
1651:and
1599:and
1587:and
1554:and
1517:The
1328:as "
989:hang
942:Ede
647:and
544:sous
395:jazz
363:Pimp
263:").
259:" ("
242:Die
229:jazz
146:1928
109:Book
8292:Ozu
7901:Ray
7642:Dix
7509:Arp
5569:'s
5548:'s
4327:at
4189:doi
4061:at
3938:NPR
3818:doi
2120:in
2018:'s
1952:at
1878:at
1870:'s
1814:in
1751:in
1699:),
1391:by
1251:21.
1243:20.
1237:19.
1231:18.
1223:17.
1207:16.
1199:15.
1193:14.
1187:13.
1181:12.
1173:11.
1063:'s
1017:."
563:).
538:; (
487:of
187:of
128:by
9899::
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6612:/
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6592:/
6582:/
6578:/
6558:/
6554:/
6550:/
6540:/
6536:/
6532:/
6516:/
6512:/
6502:/
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6428:/
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6291:/
6275:/
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6212:/
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