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wider at 11 metres (36 ft) and deeper at 2.7 metres (9 ft) with larger locks made of stone to replace the wooden locks used in the first canal. It was wider and deeper than the first to provide access for larger ships up to 46 metres (150 ft) long. The Second
Welland Canal was completed in 1845 and remained in operation for nearly a century before closing permanently in 1935. The Third Welland Canal was designed to follow a straighter and thus shorter route than the first two and began construction in 1872 through 1887. It was 30 metres (100 ft) wide and 4.3 metres (14 ft) deep, with 26 masonry locks lined with wood to protect ships rubbing against the sides or bottom. The Third Canal locks were again larger being 14 metres (45 ft) wide and 82 metres (270 ft) long. The canal permitted access to larger ships with the Third Canal operating from 1887 until 1935 along with the still operating Second Welland Canal. The Fourth Welland Canal began construction in 1913 and was completed in 1932 with a delay due to
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to continue on its voyage to Burns
Harbour, Indiana. Pictures of the damage sustained to the vessel and Bridge 19 were captured. On Friday October 1, 2015, Chris Lee, an acting direct engineer for the City of Port Colborne, said that the St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation (SLSMC) will likely close the bridge to all vehicle traffic until the end of the year. However, pedestrians will be able to cross the bridge, and emergency services will be able to cross the bridge on a limited basis. On Tuesday October 6, 2015, the City of Port Colborne released a media statement, which stated that Bridge 19, "will remain closed to vehicular traffic until after the close of the shipping season in December. Repairs will begin in early January." Detour routes have been planned and mapped by the City of Port Colborne and the City of Welland in order to ease the flow of traffic over Bridge 19A.
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753:). Smaller ships called "canallers" also took a part of these loads. Due to this problem, it was soon apparent the canal would have to be enlarged again. On April 20, 1882 the canal was re-opened, increasing the depth to twelve feet throughout. The increased depth allowed for ships carrying up to 24,000 bushels of grain to navigate the canal whereas they previously they had only been able to carry about 18,000 bushels. The first trip from Oswego carried 700 tons of coal, compared to 500 tons which was possible before the increased depth.
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locks are 24 metres (80 ft) wide and 233 metres (766 ft) long. Three years after the Fourth Canal began operating in 1932 the government of Canada closed the Second and Third canals which required costly upkeep as they were deemed redundant. The Fourth Canal is equipped with just eight locks compared to the forty locks needed by the First
Welland Canal. In comparison the Panama Canal opened in 1914 with locks 34 metres (110 ft) wide and 320 metres (1,050 ft) long.
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729:. The public buyout was completed in 1841, and work began to deepen the canal and to reduce the number of locks to 27, each 45.7 by 8.1 m (150 by 27 ft). By 1846, a 2.7 m (9 ft) deep path was completed through the Welland Canal, and by 1848 that depth was extended the rest of the way to the Atlantic Ocean via the future path of the
671:. Ships went east (downstream) on the Welland River to Chippawa, at the south (upper) end of the old portage road, where they made a sharp right turn into the Niagara River, upstream towards Lake Erie. Originally, the section between Allanburg and Port Robinson was planned to be carried in a tunnel. However, the sandy soil in this part of
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bridge was focused on the centre of the vertical-lift span. It was repaired over a number of weeks and reopened to vehicular traffic on
November 16, 2001. The Marine Investigation Report concluded, "it is likely that the operator's performance was impaired while the bridge span was lowered onto the Windoc."
846:, built between 1967 and 1972, opened for the 1973 shipping season, providing a new and shorter alignment between Port Robinson and Port Colborne and by-passing downtown Welland. All three crossings of the new alignment—one an aqueduct for the Welland River—were built as tunnels. Around the same time, the
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in Port
Robinson. The bridge was rising and the impact knocked the bridge over, destroying it. No one was killed. The bridge master, Albert Beaver, and a watchman on the ship suffered minor injuries. The bridge has not been replaced and the inhabitants of Port Robinson have been served by a ferry for
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The present
Welland Ship Canal was originally designed to last until 2030, almost 100 years after it first opened, and 200 years since the first full shipping season of the original canal in 1830. Subsequent improvements to the canal infrastructure mean that it may last much longer before it needs to
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line that ran under the canal between Locks 18 and 19. Another nearby tunnel carried the canal over a sunken section of the St David's Road. The new route had a minimum depth of 4.3 m (14 ft) with 26 stone locks, each 82.3 m (270 ft) long by 13.7 m (45 ft) wide. Even so,
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The
Welland Canal in use today is the Fourth Welland Canal. The First Welland Canal was excavated 7.3 metres (24 ft) wide and 2.4 metres (8 ft) deep from 1824–1829 with forty wooden locks and commenced operation on November 30, 1829. The Second Welland Canal began excavation in 1841 and was
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At around noon on
Wednesday September 30, 2015, the Lena J cargo ship collided with Bridge 19 in Port Colborne, closing the bridge to all vehicle and pedestrian traffic until an assessment could be made on the condition of the bridge. The vessel had sustained damage to its bridge, but was still able
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Captain Franz von Papen, Military
Attache of the German Embassy, who was recently, at the request of the United States Government, recalled to Germany, was indicted by a Federal Grand Jury yesterday as one of the heads of the alleged conspiracy that was hatched in this country in the first weeks of
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and funnel (chimney), ignited a large fire on board, and caused minor damage to the vertical-lift bridge. The accident and portions of its aftermath were captured on amateur video. The vessel was a total loss, but there were no reported injuries, and no pollution to the waterway. The damage to the
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lost control due to mechanical problems in the engine room and smashed into the upstream gates of Lock No. 22 of the 3rd
Welland Canal, forcing them open by six inches. The resulting surge of water flooded downstream, cresting the upstream gates of Lock No. 21 where five boys were fishing. One boy
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consuming vital manpower and materials. The Fourth Canal was once again an enlarged design to accommodate the increased size of ships with the main channel now 110 metres (350 ft) wide and 9.1 metres (30 ft) deep to permit two large ships to pass going in opposite directions. The current
433:. Seven of the locks (Locks 1–7, the 'Lift' locks) are 233.5 m (766 ft) long and raise (or lower) passing ships by between 13 and 15 m (43 and 49 ft) each. The southernmost lock, (Lock 8 – the 'Guard' or 'Control' lock) is 349.9 m (1,148 ft) in length. The
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The Welland Canal has been the focus of plots on a number of occasions throughout its existence. However, only two have ever been carried out. The earliest and potentially most devastating attack occurred on September 9, 1841, at Lock No. 37 (Allanburg) of the First Welland Canal
1039:. The "star witness" at the trial was a 16-year-old Thorold girl named Euphemia Constable, who caught a good look at the bombers before being knocked unconscious by the blast. While waiting to testify, the girl received death threats, but, they turned out to be a
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opened, parallel to the canal and with the same endpoints. But this railway was affiliated with the canal, and was actually used to help transfer cargoes from the lake ships, which were too large for the small canal locks, to the other end of the canal (The
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Captain Hans Tauscher, former officer of the Imperial German Army, who was indicted with Franz von Papen during the World War but acquitted by a Federal jury of charges that he conspired to blow up the strategic Welland Canal, died here yesterday in
698:. With the opening of the extension, the canal stretched 44 km (27 mi) between the two lakes, with 40 wooden locks. The minimum lock size was 33.5 by 6.7 m (110 by 22 ft), with a minimum canal depth of 2.4 m (7.9 ft).
822:, at Port Colborne to adjust with the varying water depth in Lake Erie. The depth was now 7.6 m (25 ft), with locks 233.5 m (766 ft) long by 24.4 m (80 ft) wide. This canal is officially known now as the
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on charges of a plot to blow up the Welland Canal. However, Papen was at the time safely on German soil, having been expelled from the US several months previously for alleged earlier acts of espionage and attempted sabotage.
814:(1914–18) and was completed and officially opened on August 6, 1932. Dredging to the planned 25 foot depth was not completed until 1935. The route was again changed north of St. Catharines, now running directly north to
833:
was tested in Lock 7 prior to 2014. The installation of the updated systems for Locks 1 through 7 was originally set to be completed in 2017, but the project was not finished until early 2018 after unforeseen delays.
4738:"Tauscher, Figure In 1916 Plot, Dies. Acquitted of Charges That He Planned to Blow Up Welland Canal in World War. Served Krupp Interests. Ex-Aide of von Papen Had Arms Firms Here. Husband of Johanna Gadski, Singer"
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The canal regularly opens late March through December, with closure in the winter due to hazardous weather. On March 20, 2007, the record for the earliest season opening was broken, and matched the following year.
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The following illustration depicts the profile of the Welland Canal. The horizontal axis is the length of the canal. The vertical axis is the elevation of the canal segments above mean sea level.
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4778:"Indict Von Papen As Canal Plotter. Federal Jury Names Recalled Attache and Four Others in Welland Conspiracy. One Name is Kept Secret. Captain, Tauscher, Fritzen, Covani, and Another Accused"
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On April 21, 1900, about 6:30 in the evening, a dynamite charge was set off against the hinges of Lock No. 24 of the Third Welland Canal (just to the east of Lock No. 7 of today's canal (
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Aerial photo of Port Dalhousie from the third canal era. 3rd canal lock at left, 2nd canal lock at right. Note 3rd canal towpath at upper left and Muir brothers' ship yard centre right.
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The Welland Canal passes about 3,000 ships which transport about 40 million tonnes (88 billion pounds) of cargo a year. It was a major factor in the growth of the city of
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Deterioration of the wood used in the 40 locks and the increasing size of ships led to demand for the Second Welland Canal, which used cut stone locks, within just a few years.
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The southern, Lake Erie terminus of the canal is 99.5 metres (326 feet) higher than the northern terminus on Lake Ontario. The canal includes eight 24.4-metre-wide (80 ft)
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If assigned by the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority. The original bridges across the fourth canal were numbered in order. Numbering was not changed as bridges were removed.
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In the 1950s, with the building of the present St. Lawrence Seaway, a standard depth of 8.2 m (27 ft) was adopted. The 13.4-kilometre (8.3 mi) long
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In 1887, a new shorter alignment was completed between St. Catharines and Port Dalhousie. One of the most interesting features of this third Welland Canal was the
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1043:. As for the prisoners, Nolan lost his sanity while incarcerated, John Walsh was eventually released while Luke Dillon remained in custody until July 12, 1914.
1031:)), doing minor damage. This time, the saboteurs were caught in nearby Thorold. John Walsh, John Nolan and the ringleader "Dynamite" Luke Dillon (a member of
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930:
The Welland Canal Fallen Workers Memorial at Lock 3 was unveiled on November 12, 2017. This commemorates the 137 workers who died while building the canal.
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4184:(SLSMC) has recently completed two improvement projects for the Niagara Region of the St. Lawrence Seaway System on the Welland Canal in Ontario, Canada.
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was incorporated by the Province of Upper Canada, in 1824, after a petition by nine "freeholders of the District of Niagara". One of the petitioners was
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ran to safety and one of the boys was saved by a government surveyor. But the remaining three were knocked into the water, drowning in the surge.
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949:, no one was injured, no cargo was spilled, and an investigation would be undertaken.The final investigation report was released in August 2022.
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A southern extension from Port Robinson opened in 1833, with the founding of Port Colborne. This extension followed the Welland River south to
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brought with it plots against the canal and the most notable of them came to be known as "The Von Papen Plot". In April 1916, a United States
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Construction on the current canal began in 1913, but work was put on hold from 1916 to 1919 due to a shortage of men and workers during
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passes over the canal, restricting the maximum height of the masts of the ships allowed on this canal to 35.5 m (116 ft).
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collided with Bridge 11 in Allanburg, closing vessel traffic on the Welland Canal for two days. The accident destroyed the ship's
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in the private canal company in response to the company's continuing financial problems in the face of the continental financial
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is 225.5 metres (740 feet). It takes ships an average of about eleven hours to traverse the entire length of the Welland Canal.
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the war to destroy the Welland Canal, which forms the navigating link in Canadian territory between Lakes Erie and Ontario. ...
632:). This canal opened for a trial run on November 30, 1829. After a short ceremony at Lock One, in Port Dalhousie, the schooner
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and early designs initiated, the project never got past early planning or construction stages and has since been shelved.
862:, which was planned to by-pass most of the existing canal to the east and to cross the Niagara Escarpment in four twinned
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next up are the flight Locks 4, 5 and 6, which will be prepped over the winter with installation scheduled for next year.
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426:) by providing a shorter, more direct connection from Port Colbourne on Lake Erie to Port Weller on Lake Ontario.
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rebuilt as fixed-span after the relocation, the new span located to the north of the original site of Bridge 16
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on Lake Erie. A feeder canal ran southwest from Welland to another point on Lake Erie, just west of
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818:. In this configuration, there are eight locks, seven at the Niagara Escarpment and the eighth, a
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4017:"Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway System – The Welland Canal Section of the St. Lawrence Searey"
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that carried the canal over the Welland River at that point), and then split to run south to
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628:, on November 30, at a point now marked as such on the west end of Bridge No. 11 (formerly
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through a series of eight locks, allowing ships to bypass the 51 m (167 ft) high
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1035:) were tried at the Welland Courthouse and found guilty, receiving life sentences at
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4433:"St. Catharines News – Latest Daily Breaking News Stories – StCatharinesStandard.ca"
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Has information about Niagara Region bridges, including many Welland Canal Bridges.
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636:(also called "Annie & Jane" in some texts) made the first transit, upbound to
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4348:"Transportation Safety Board of Canada – Marine Investigation Report M01C0054"
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Elevation change between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie: 99.5 m (326 ft)
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The Welland Canal eclipsed other, narrower canals in the region, such as the
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Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement
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many years. The Welland Public Library archive has images of the aftermath.
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3897:"The Welland Canal – Navigation, Locks, Distances, and Passage Information"
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Profile of the Welland Canal from Lake Ontario (left) to Lake Erie (right)
612:, who was in part looking to provide a regular flow of water for his many
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4393:"Port Colborne bridge still closed to vehicles after collision with ship"
4113:(18). Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc.: 279 1882.
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4590:"Dramatic collision between two vessels on Welland Canal caught on tape"
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All other highway or railroad crossings of the Welland Canal are either
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4477:"Welland News – Latest Daily Breaking News Stories – WellandTribune.ca"
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494: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
411:
343:—the only natural waterway connecting the lakes—was unnavigable due to
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4982:
Welland Public Library archive of canal history images & clippings
4902:
Survey maps of the First and Second Welland Canals at Brock University
272:
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Von Papen remained under indictment on these charges until he became
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These projects were to be tied into a proposed new canal, titled the
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made a tunnel infeasible, and a deep open-cut canal was dug instead.
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Construction of new Cavotec vacuum mooring system at Locks 4 & 5
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Bascule bridge. Replaced original Bridge 3 (destroyed in accident)
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27:
Ship canal in Ontario, Canada, connecting Lake Ontario and Lake Erie
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Before the digging of the Welland Canal, shipping traffic between
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Art works from the collection of the Niagara Falls Public Library
4897:
Wellandcanals.ca – Detailed phototours of all Four Welland Canals
4831:"Welland Canal Opens Today, just Beating the Arrival of Spring".
4411:"Cargo Ship clips bridge in Port Colborne, Canada – Vesselfinder"
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4931:"New Inland Canal Rivals Panama", February 1931, Popular Science
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740:, running parallel to the original portage road. In 1859, the
941:, struck each other while executing a passing manoeuvre near
347:. The Welland Canal enables ships to ascend and descend the
4618:"Marine transportation safety investigation report M20C0188"
295:, just south of the Homer Lift Bridge and Garden City Skyway
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Great Lakes Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Program
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Construction of new Cavotec vacuum mooring system at Lock 4
1040:
894:
Aftermath of the collision with the Port Robinson Bridge 12
358:. The original canal and its successors allowed goods from
682:(known then as the settlement of Aqueduct, for the wooden
351:, and has followed four different routes since it opened.
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Three Boys Drowned When Steamer Broke Thru Gates Of Canal
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Maximum above-water clearance: 35.5 m (116 ft)
850:
was built at Thorold and several bridges were removed.
378:, as well as other heavily industrialized areas of the
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Locks and crossings are numbered from north to south.
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The Irish relations: trials of an immigrant tradition
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The Irish relations: trials of an immigrant tradition
3482:
East Main Street/West Main Street (Regional Road 27)
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Images from the Historic Niagara Digital Collections
4953:
The Welland Canal Section of the St. Lawrence Seaway
5972:
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers
5150:
4382:
3752:vertical-lift bridge, counterweights still present
647:, on Lake Ontario south along Twelve Mile Creek to
4277:"WELLAND CANAL (B. 1829) STILL A WORK IN PROGRESS"
4070:
4046:. St. Catharines: E. S. Leavenworth. p. 123.
454:maximum permissible length of a ship in this canal
3391:Old alignment prior to Welland By-Pass relocation
1101:Maximum vessel length: 225.5 m (740 ft)
1078:in 1932, at which time the charges were dropped.
789:
736:Competition came in 1854 with the opening of the
6180:
5317:
1221:
1113:Average transit time between the lakes: 11 hours
1104:Maximum vessel draft: 8.08 m (26.5 ft)
882:On June 20, 1912, the government survey steamer
5025:The "Great Swivel Link": Canada's Welland Canal
4168:"Navigation Improvements for the Welland Canal"
898:On August 25, 1974, the northbound ore-carrier
853:
5041:Hamilton Merritt Welland Canal circular RG 506
1214:
786:the canal was still too small for many boats.
6002:Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory
5303:
5106:
4949:(includes details of the Welland Realignment)
4646:"Canal has been terrorist target: Brock prof"
3189:Vertical-lift bridge. Lowered prematurely on
2937:location of Welland Canal Information Centre
2692:
989:) (approximately 180 m north of today's
4839:
4824:
4062:
3554:rebuilt as fixed-span after the relocation
2883:Queenston Street (Regional Road 81) (former
1116:Length of canal: 43.5 km (27.0 mi)
663:, where it continued south via Allanburg to
651:. From there it took a winding route up the
115:Saint Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation
5055:Brock University Library Digital Repository
5049:Brock University Library Digital Repository
5043:Brock University Library Digital Repository
5037:Brock University Library Digital Repository
5027:, a history of the canals published by the
3113:Niagara, St. Catharines and Toronto Railway
640:, with Merritt as a passenger on her deck.
5310:
5296:
5113:
5099:
5047:Sykes fonds Welland Canal Scrapbook RG 341
4260:Welland Canal, suction lift mooring system
2699:
2685:
947:St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation
5140:
4043:Biography of the Hon. W. H. Merritt, M. P
826:. The Welland Canal's first "hands-free"
554:Learn how and when to remove this message
291:A ship in Lock 3 of the Welland Canal in
5145:
4717:
4682:
4068:
4003:"Panama Canal – Locks | Britannica"
3848:
3718:
3411:
3381:
3182:Canboro Road (Regional Road 20) (former
889:
801:
793:
768:
760:
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286:
271:
252:
4835:. Toronto. March 20, 2007. p. A21.
4564:"Welland Canal Fallen Workers Memorial"
4497:
4455:"City of Port Colborne – Bridge Status"
4336:from the original on December 18, 2006.
4069:Chambers, Melanie (February 26, 2008).
4029:from the original on November 19, 2012.
1120:
704:
14:
6181:
4883:from the original on January 15, 2008.
4847:"Canal opens for 2008 shipping season"
4705:Dynamite Luke among canal's terrorists
4570:from the original on November 18, 2017
4548:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4039:
933:On July 11, 2020 two cargo ships, the
866:locks. While land for the project was
756:
593:
5291:
5094:
4857:from the original on January 25, 2018
4623:Transportation Safety Board of Canada
4506:from the original on October 6, 2015.
4487:from the original on October 6, 2015.
4465:from the original on October 6, 2015.
4443:from the original on October 5, 2015.
4421:from the original on October 5, 2015.
4399:from the original on October 5, 2015.
4287:from the original on December 8, 2017
4165:
1402:
4790:from the original on March 5, 2016.
4730:
3891:
3889:
3537:Division Street (Regional Road 527)
2893:, also known as "Homer Lift Bridge"
2539:
2478:
1428:
1090:
492:adding citations to reliable sources
463:
68:740 ft 0 in (225.6 m)
6194:1830 establishments in Upper Canada
6050:Chicago Yacht Club Race to Mackinac
4500:"Status of Bridge 19 Port Colborne"
4203:from the original on March 13, 2017
3903:from the original on July 10, 2017.
3331:Mellanby Avenue (Regional Road 3A)
2948:Glendale Avenue (Regional Road 89)
2532:
2053:
1323:
1280:
997:was responsible for the explosion.
24:
4936:The Old Welland Canals Field Guide
4750:from the original on April 2, 2015
4670:from the original on July 18, 2011
4530:from the original on March 5, 2016
4498:Release, Press (October 2, 2015).
4378:from the original on May 29, 2016.
4354:from the original on July 6, 2011.
4050:from the original on April 5, 2016
2850:Carlton Street (Regional Road 83)
2778:Lakeshore Road (Regional Road 87)
2637:
2623:
2588:
1506:
1316:
1081:
837:
773:Abandoned locks of the third canal
713:A lock of the second Welland Canal
79:78 ft 0 in (23.8 m)
25:
6240:
5797:Isle Royale National Park Islands
5120:
4890:
4197:"Vacuum pads suck ships on canal"
4077:. John Wiley & Sons. p.
3886:
3466:Woodlawn Road (Regional Road 41)
3216:, replaced by a pedestrian ferry
3206:Bridge Street (Regional Road 63)
2553:
6163:
4941:Exploring the Old Welland Canals
4919:Official Seaway Traffic Map Page
3975:"The First Three Welland Canals"
3349:(now Canadian National Railway)
3166:(now Canadian National Railway)
3116:(now Canadian National Railway)
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749:owns the railway's remnants and
582:, which are both located on the
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3346:Buffalo and Lake Huron Railroad
2967:Great Western Railway (Ontario)
2794:Church Road (Now Linwell Road)
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479:needs additional citations for
6209:History of transport in Canada
6017:International Joint Commission
6007:Great Lakes Fishery Commission
4170:. PIANC Panama. Archived from
4166:Miles, William (May 8, 2018).
4009:
3995:
3989:"The Welland Canals – History"
3981:
3967:
3961:"The Welland Canals – History"
3953:
3947:"The Welland Canals – History"
3939:
3933:"The Welland Canals – History"
3925:
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3268:Main Street (Regional Road 3)
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790:Fourth (current) Welland Canal
339:, and was erected because the
13:
1:
5013:Al Miller, "Windoc Accident."
4907:Official Seaway Schedule Page
4147:Pilotage on the Welland Canal
3880:
3850:Welland Recreational Waterway
3719:cut by western approaches to
3672:Ontario Road/Broadway Avenue
3413:Welland Recreational Waterway
2431:
2318:
2311:
2126:
2013:Welland Recreational Waterway
1998:
1977:
1900:
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1848:
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1054:issued an indictment against
751:Port Colborne Harbour Railway
5977:Great Lakes Areas of Concern
5967:Alliance for the Great Lakes
5053:Ivan S. Brookes fonds RG 182
3915:"225 Years of Port Activity"
3439:built during the relocation
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2100:
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1559:
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877:
854:Proposed Fifth Welland Canal
624:. The construction began at
574:used a portage road between
183:; 191 years ago
147:; 200 years ago
7:
6224:Transport in St. Catharines
5843:Province of Ontario Islands
4975:September 27, 2011, at the
3868:
3540:built after the relocation
3469:built after the relocation
3454:built after the relocation
3084:southernmost lift over the
1215:List of locks and crossings
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257:The Welland Canal connects
10:
6245:
4958:November 19, 2012, at the
3488:, counterweights removed
3374:
717:In 1839 the government of
692:Rock Point Provincial Park
597:
459:
319:. The canal traverses the
311:, Canada, and part of the
6160:
6115:Museum and historic ships
6037:
5959:
5873:
5848:State of Michigan Islands
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5128:
5077:43.1555556°N 79.1937500°W
5018:February 5, 2012, at the
5004:"Windoc Bridge Accident."
4040:Merrit, Jedediah (1875).
3747:Canadian National Railway
3725:Canadian National Railway
3435:Canadian National Railway
3406:
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3248:Canadian National Railway
2972:Canadian National Railway
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1066:, Constantine Covani and
721:approved the purchase of
643:The first canal ran from
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5931:Midcontinent Rift System
5267:William Hamilton Merritt
4877:"Welland Railway Bridge"
4326:"Windoc Bridge Accident"
4073:Frommer's Niagara Region
3836:Welland Canal, Bridge 18
3783:Welland Canal, Bridge 17
3706:Welland Canal, Bridge 16
3653:Welland Canal, Bridge 15
3585:Welland Canal, Bridge 14
3519:Welland Canal, Bridge 13
909:On August 11, 2001, the
738:Erie and Ontario Railway
610:William Hamilton Merritt
410:and, significantly, the
5752:Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal
5082:43.1555556; -79.1937500
4987:August 2, 2018, at the
4437:StCatharinesStandard.ca
4152:August 9, 2017, at the
3743:Canada Air-Line Railway
3607:Canada Southern Railway
3305:42.899122°N 79.246166°W
3071:43.123446°N 79.193895°W
3024:43.134283°N 79.191899°W
2924:43.155230°N 79.193058°W
2828:43.193131°N 79.202178°W
2756:43.217484°N 79.212992°W
2717:Lock or bridge number
1019:43.122976°N 79.192372°W
798:MS Isa lifted in Lock 7
781:, built in 1876 on the
645:Port Dalhousie, Ontario
452:types) or tunnels. The
386:, to be shipped to the
165:; 194 years ago
6100:Marine protected areas
6090:Lake Michigan Triangle
5992:Great Lakes Commission
5735:Sault Ste. Marie Canal
4924:June 12, 2010, at the
4912:June 12, 2008, at the
3415:branches off from the
3387:
895:
807:
806:MS Juno leaving Lock 4
799:
774:
766:
714:
665:Port Robinson, Ontario
296:
284:
269:
201:; 92 years ago
163:November 30, 1829
6214:Saint Lawrence Seaway
6204:Canals opened in 1830
5941:Nipissing Great Lakes
5886:Glacial Lake Iroquois
5792:Detroit River Islands
5757:Trent–Severn Waterway
5279:Saint Lawrence Seaway
5035:Welland Canal Records
4746:. September 6, 1941.
3825:42.94722°N 79.24944°W
3772:42.94917°N 79.25000°W
3695:42.97361°N 79.25583°W
3642:42.97694°N 79.25583°W
3574:42.98361°N 79.25444°W
3508:42.99167°N 79.25139°W
3385:
3368:Vertical-lift bridge
3310:42.899122; -79.246166
3076:43.123446; -79.193895
3029:43.134283; -79.191899
2929:43.155230; -79.193058
2833:43.193131; -79.202178
2761:43.217484; -79.212992
1076:Chancellor of Germany
1037:Kingston Penitentiary
1024:43.122976; -79.192372
977:43.07796°N 79.20991°W
893:
805:
797:
772:
764:
712:
616:industries along the
606:Welland Canal Company
408:Trent-Severn Waterway
290:
275:
256:
129:Welland Canal Company
57:27 miles (43 km)
6229:Transport in Welland
5951:Wisconsin glaciation
5926:Last Glacial Maximum
5686:Great Lakes Waterway
4806:"Welland Canal Case"
4763:St. Clare's Hospital
4713:. February 19, 2010.
4652:. February 26, 2010.
4415:www.vesselfinder.com
4174:on February 25, 2023
3805:bridge span removed
3486:vertical-lift bridge
3352:removed winter 1997
3169:removed winter 1998
2952:Vertical-lift bridge
1121:Increasing lock size
705:Second Welland Canal
488:improve this article
317:Great Lakes Waterway
111:Navigation authority
6085:Lake Michigan–Huron
5997:Great Lakes Compact
5987:Great Lakes Charter
5946:Scotch Bonnet Ridge
5747:Straits of Mackinac
5723:St. Lawrence Seaway
5073: /
4851:niagarathisweek.com
4812:. 1917. p. 652
4395:. October 2, 2015.
4107:Scientific American
4103:"New Welland Canal"
3856:at Ramey's Bend in
3830:42.94722; -79.24944
3820: /
3777:42.94917; -79.25000
3767: /
3700:42.97361; -79.25583
3690: /
3647:42.97694; -79.25583
3637: /
3579:42.98361; -79.25444
3569: /
3513:42.99167; -79.25139
3503: /
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2920: /
2869:Queen Elizabeth Way
2824: /
2752: /
1536:Queen Elizabeth Way
1015: /
982:43.07796; -79.20991
973: /
945:. According to the
860:Fifth Welland Canal
783:Grand Trunk Railway
757:Third Welland Canal
731:St. Lawrence Seaway
600:First Welland Canal
594:First Welland Canal
313:St. Lawrence Seaway
276:Welland Canal with
199:August 6, 1932
18:Third Welland Canal
5936:Niagara Escarpment
5865:Potawatomi Islands
5853:Lake Huron Islands
5718:St. Lawrence River
5504:Grand Traverse Bay
5483:St. Joseph Channel
5473:Potagannissing Bay
5246:Main Street Tunnel
5236:Garden City Skyway
4853:. March 26, 2008.
4810:Information Annual
4786:. April 18, 1916.
4199:. August 8, 2015.
3875:Container on barge
3388:
3246:: Highway 58A and
3229:Main Street Tunnel
3086:Niagara Escarpment
2865:Garden City Skyway
2154:Main Street Tunnel
2150:Main Street bridge
1540:Garden City Skyway
1068:Franz von Rintelen
1052:federal grand jury
896:
824:Welland Ship Canal
808:
800:
775:
767:
715:
657:Merritton, Ontario
653:Niagara Escarpment
626:Allanburg, Ontario
580:Queenston, Ontario
435:Garden City Skyway
418:and Lake Erie via
414:(which linked the
349:Niagara Escarpment
297:
285:
278:Garden City Skyway
270:
142:Construction began
134:Principal engineer
6199:Canals in Ontario
6176:
6175:
6105:Marysburgh vortex
5814:Manitoulin Island
5809:Lake Erie Islands
5659:
5658:
5519:Little Bay de Noc
5285:
5284:
5029:Champlain Society
4650:Niagara This Week
4626:. August 29, 2022
4481:WellandTribune.ca
4088:978-0-470-15324-6
3977:. March 11, 2018.
3863:
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3723:(Highway 58A and
3372:
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3231:: (Highway 7146)
3210:destroyed by the
2709:
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2673:
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1212:
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1091:Facts and figures
638:Buffalo, New York
618:Twelve Mile Creek
586:—above and below
576:Chippawa, Ontario
564:
563:
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424:Buffalo, New York
321:Niagara Peninsula
282:Homer Lift Bridge
251:
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16:(Redirected from
6236:
6170:Lakes portal
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6075:Lake-effect snow
5874:Historic geology
5552:Hamilton Harbour
5425:Presque Isle Bay
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4314:. June 21, 1912.
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3590:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3395:
3394:
3365:Clarence Street
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3013:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2797:Never installed
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2711:
2710:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2640:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2563:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2516:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2462:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2415:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2375:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2335:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2232:Feeder Canal to
2226:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2143:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2110:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2011:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1925:
1924:
1903:
1902:
1877:
1876:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1803:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1768:
1767:
1749:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1727:Merritton Tunnel
1720:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1674:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1608:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1569:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1484:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1445:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1412:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1290:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1244:
1243:
1222:
1179:Length (metres)
1125:
1124:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1008:
991:Allanburg bridge
988:
987:
985:
984:
983:
978:
974:
971:
970:
969:
966:
903:struck Bridge 12
779:Merritton Tunnel
747:Trillium Railway
590:, respectively.
559:
552:
548:
545:
539:
537:
496:
472:
464:
388:Port of Montreal
356:Toronto, Ontario
229:(St. Catharines)
209:
207:
202:
191:
189:
184:
173:
171:
166:
155:
153:
148:
90:26.5 ft (8.08 m)
44:
32:
31:
21:
6244:
6243:
6239:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6179:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6164:
6162:
6156:
6033:
5955:
5869:
5834:Treasure Island
5787:Apostle Islands
5773:
5730:St. Marys River
5713:St. Clair River
5655:
5639:
5593:Chequamegon Bay
5576:
5540:
5536:Manitou Passage
5524:Porte des Morts
5492:
5451:Nottawasaga Bay
5434:
5405:
5399:
5363:Secondary lakes
5358:
5322:
5316:
5286:
5281:
5271:
5255:
5251:Townline Tunnel
5224:
5168:
5156:Welland By-Pass
5124:
5119:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5020:Wayback Machine
4989:Wayback Machine
4977:Wayback Machine
4960:Wayback Machine
4926:Wayback Machine
4914:Wayback Machine
4893:
4888:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4860:
4858:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4815:
4813:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4753:
4751:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4722:
4718:
4711:Welland Tribune
4701:
4700:
4696:
4687:
4683:
4673:
4671:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4629:
4627:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4601:
4599:
4598:. July 11, 2020
4588:
4587:
4583:
4573:
4571:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4541:
4540:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4520:
4518:"Archived copy"
4516:
4515:
4511:
4496:
4492:
4475:
4474:
4470:
4459:portcolborne.ca
4453:
4452:
4448:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4290:
4288:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4206:
4204:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4177:
4175:
4164:
4160:
4154:Wayback Machine
4145:
4141:
4131:
4129:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4067:
4063:
4053:
4051:
4038:
4034:
4026:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3895:
3894:
3887:
3883:
3871:
3854:Welland By-Pass
3835:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3721:Townline Tunnel
3705:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3616:rare Baltimore
3584:
3582:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3551:Lincoln Street
3518:
3516:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3417:Welland By-Pass
3401:Bridge Number
3393:
3377:
3348:
3334:Bascule bridge
3317:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3274:Bascule bridge
3244:Townline Tunnel
3165:
3163:Welland Railway
3115:
3083:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3036:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2977:Bascule bridge
2969:
2942:St. Catharines
2936:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2898:St. Catharines
2877:St. Catharines
2858:St. Catharines
2844:St. Catharines
2832:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2802:St. Catharines
2788:St. Catharines
2772:St. Catharines
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2705:
2679:
2653:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2577:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2292:Townline Tunnel
2282:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2008:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1955:
1948:
1926:
1911:
1904:
1878:
1859:
1852:
1833:
1826:
1800:
1794:
1779:
1769:
1750:
1743:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1685:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1580:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1530:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1495:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1456:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1262:
1257:
1238:
1229:
1228:
1217:
1196:Depth (metres)
1162:Width (metres)
1123:
1098:
1093:
1084:
1082:Shipping season
1056:Franz von Papen
1048:First World War
1023:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1001:
981:
979:
975:
972:
967:
964:
962:
960:
959:
955:
939:Florence Spirit
880:
856:
844:Welland By-Pass
840:
838:Welland By-Pass
792:
759:
742:Welland Railway
707:
634:Anne & Jane
602:
596:
560:
549:
543:
540:
503:"Welland Canal"
497:
495:
485:
473:
462:
442:movable bridges
205:
203:
200:
187:
185:
182:
169:
167:
164:
151:
149:
146:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6242:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6174:
6173:
6161:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6080:Lake freighter
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6041:
6039:
6038:Related topics
6035:
6034:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6022:Municipalities
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5911:Lake Frontenac
5908:
5903:
5901:Lake Algonquin
5898:
5893:
5891:Lake Admiralty
5888:
5883:
5877:
5875:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5845:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5829:Lake Mindemoya
5826:
5821:
5811:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5794:
5789:
5783:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5647:
5645:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5628:Batchawana Bay
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5548:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5514:Big Bay de Noc
5506:
5500:
5498:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5463:Munuscong Lake
5460:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5416:
5414:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5315:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5292:
5283:
5282:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5241:Thorold Tunnel
5238:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5225:
5223:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5190:St. Catharines
5187:
5182:
5180:Port Dalhousie
5176:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5126:
5125:
5118:
5117:
5110:
5103:
5095:
5057:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5038:
5032:
5022:
5010:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4979:
4967:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4916:
4904:
4899:
4892:
4891:External links
4889:
4887:
4886:
4868:
4838:
4823:
4797:
4783:New York Times
4769:
4743:New York Times
4729:
4716:
4694:
4681:
4655:
4637:
4609:
4581:
4555:
4509:
4490:
4468:
4446:
4424:
4402:
4381:
4357:
4339:
4317:
4298:
4268:
4251:
4234:
4217:
4188:
4158:
4139:
4094:
4087:
4061:
4032:
4008:
3994:
3980:
3966:
3952:
3938:
3924:
3906:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3846:
3845:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3750:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3716:
3715:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3483:
3480:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3392:
3389:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3357:Port Colborne
3354:
3353:
3350:
3343:
3340:
3339:Port Colborne
3336:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3325:Port Colborne
3322:
3321:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:Port Colborne
3276:
3275:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:Ormond Street
3146:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3130:Thorold Tunnel
3127:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3110:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3098:Hoover Street
3096:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2982:St Catharines
2979:
2978:
2975:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2891:Bascule bridge
2888:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2782:Bascule bridge
2779:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:St. Catharines
2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2680:This diagram:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2274:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2147:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2060:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1881:
1879:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:Thorold Tunnel
1797:
1795:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1527:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:Port Dalhousie
1380:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:Welland Canals
1226:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1140:Fourth (1932)
1138:
1135:
1134:Second (1846)
1132:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1080:
954:
951:
911:lake freighter
879:
876:
855:
852:
848:Thorold Tunnel
839:
836:
791:
788:
758:
755:
706:
703:
649:St. Catharines
598:Main article:
595:
592:
562:
561:
476:
474:
467:
461:
458:
450:bascule bridge
362:ports such as
293:St. Catharines
249:
248:
245:
244:
235:
231:
230:
220:
216:
215:
211:
210:
197:
193:
192:
179:
175:
174:
161:
160:Date completed
157:
156:
143:
139:
138:
137:Hiram Tibbetts
135:
131:
130:
127:
126:Original owner
123:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
81:
80:
77:
70:
69:
66:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
49:Specifications
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6241:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6189:Welland Canal
6187:
6186:
6184:
6171:
6159:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6036:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:Organizations
5958:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5881:Champlain Sea
5879:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5819:Lake Kagawong
5817:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5776:
5768:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5762:Welland Canal
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5731:
5728:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5708:Nipigon River
5706:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5696:Niagara River
5694:
5692:
5691:Chicago River
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5671:Detroit River
5669:
5668:
5666:
5662:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5623:Whitefish Bay
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5543:
5537:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5468:North Channel
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5415:
5411:
5408:
5402:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5320:
5313:
5308:
5306:
5301:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5290:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5221:
5220:Port Colborne
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5205:Port Robinson
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5164:(never built)
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5122:Welland Canal
5116:
5111:
5109:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5096:
5093:
5089:
5086:
5068:79°11′37.50″W
5065:43°09′20.00″N
5054:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5033:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5011:
5009:, 2006-09-30.
5008:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4882:
4878:
4872:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4834:
4827:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4794:
4789:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4773:
4766:
4764:
4749:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4733:
4726:
4720:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4698:
4691:
4685:
4669:
4665:
4659:
4651:
4647:
4641:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4613:
4597:
4596:
4591:
4585:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4551:
4545:
4526:
4519:
4513:
4505:
4501:
4494:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4428:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4406:
4398:
4394:
4388:
4386:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4361:
4353:
4349:
4343:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4313:
4312:Toronto World
4309:
4302:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4272:
4266:
4262:
4255:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4185:
4173:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4143:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4090:
4084:
4080:
4075:
4074:
4065:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4036:
4025:
4018:
4012:
4004:
3998:
3990:
3984:
3976:
3970:
3962:
3956:
3948:
3942:
3934:
3928:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3866:
3859:
3858:Port Colborne
3855:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3751:
3748:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:Port Robinson
3418:
3414:
3410:
3398:Municipality
3396:
3384:
3380:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3320:
3314:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:Port Colborne
3259:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3080:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3033:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:St Catharines
2957:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2714:Municipality
2713:
2712:
2702:
2697:
2695:
2690:
2688:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2571:Port Colborne
2568:
2566:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2519:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2338:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2279:
2273:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2229:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2067:Niagara River
2064:
2063:Welland River
2059:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2004:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1957:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1932:Port Robinson
1928:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1906:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1861:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1796:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1644:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1526:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1293:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1252:
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1248:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1195:
1194:
1178:
1177:
1161:
1160:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1137:Third (1887)
1136:
1133:
1131:First (1829)
1130:
1127:
1126:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:Current canal
1088:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:Hans Tauscher
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1028:
998:
996:
995:Benjamin Lett
992:
986:
950:
948:
944:
943:Port Robinson
940:
936:
931:
928:
924:
921:
917:
916:
912:
907:
904:
902:
892:
888:
885:
884:La Canadienne
875:
874:be replaced.
871:
869:
865:
861:
851:
849:
845:
835:
832:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
804:
796:
787:
784:
780:
771:
763:
754:
752:
748:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
727:panic of 1837
724:
720:
711:
702:
699:
697:
696:Port Maitland
693:
689:
688:Port Colborne
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
669:Welland River
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:water-powered
611:
607:
601:
591:
589:
588:Niagara Falls
585:
584:Niagara River
581:
577:
573:
569:
558:
555:
547:
544:November 2018
536:
533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
515:
512:
508:
505: –
504:
500:
499:Find sources:
493:
489:
483:
482:
477:This section
475:
471:
466:
465:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:vertical lift
443:
438:
436:
432:
427:
425:
421:
420:New York City
417:
413:
409:
404:
401:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:United States
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
345:Niagara Falls
342:
341:Niagara River
338:
334:
333:Port Colborne
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
301:Welland Canal
294:
289:
283:
279:
274:
268:
267:Niagara Falls
264:
260:
255:
246:
243:
242:Port Colborne
239:
236:
232:
228:
224:
221:
217:
212:
198:
196:Date restored
194:
180:
178:Date extended
176:
162:
158:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
87:
82:
78:
76:
71:
67:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Welland Canal
33:
30:
19:
6095:Lake surfing
5921:Lake Stanley
5906:Lake Chicago
5896:Lake Agassiz
5824:Lake Manitou
5761:
5681:French River
5613:Superior Bay
5608:Pokegama Bay
5603:Keweenaw Bay
5588:Au Train Bay
5529:Sturgeon Bay
5446:Georgian Bay
5430:Sandusky Bay
5277:part of the
5163:
5151:Fourth canal
5141:Second canal
5121:
5058:
5006:
4947:Railway Maps
4943:(Google map)
4871:
4861:September 2,
4859:. Retrieved
4850:
4841:
4833:Toronto Star
4832:
4826:
4814:. Retrieved
4809:
4800:
4791:
4781:
4772:
4759:
4752:. Retrieved
4741:
4732:
4724:
4719:
4710:
4704:
4697:
4689:
4684:
4674:February 28,
4672:. Retrieved
4664:"宜春滤伦科技有限公司"
4658:
4649:
4640:
4630:February 11,
4628:. Retrieved
4621:
4612:
4600:. Retrieved
4593:
4584:
4574:November 17,
4572:. Retrieved
4558:
4532:. Retrieved
4512:
4493:
4480:
4471:
4458:
4449:
4436:
4427:
4414:
4405:
4369:
4360:
4342:
4329:
4320:
4311:
4307:
4301:
4289:. Retrieved
4280:
4271:
4254:
4237:
4220:
4212:
4205:. Retrieved
4191:
4183:
4178:February 24,
4176:. Retrieved
4172:the original
4161:
4142:
4130:. Retrieved
4110:
4106:
4097:
4072:
4064:
4052:. Retrieved
4042:
4035:
4011:
3997:
3983:
3969:
3955:
3941:
3927:
3919:PortsToronto
3918:
3909:
3864:
3849:
3729:Penn Central
3621:swing bridge
3611:Penn Central
3412:
3378:
3319:control lock
3252:Penn Central
3211:
3190:
3039:flight locks
1297:Lake Ontario
1218:
1085:
1073:
1045:
1033:Clan-na-Gael
999:
956:
938:
934:
932:
929:
925:
913:
908:
900:
897:
883:
881:
872:
868:expropriated
859:
857:
841:
823:
809:
776:
735:
719:Upper Canada
716:
700:
677:
642:
633:
603:
568:Lake Ontario
565:
550:
541:
531:
524:
517:
510:
498:
486:Please help
481:verification
478:
439:
428:
405:
396:
353:
329:Lake Ontario
300:
298:
259:Lake Ontario
223:Lake Ontario
29:
6219:Ship canals
6147:Third Coast
6110:Megalopolis
6070:Lake breeze
6055:Circle Tour
5916:Lake Maumee
5802:Isle Royale
5767:First canal
5633:Goulais Bay
5618:Thunder Bay
5572:Wellers Bay
5567:Toronto Bay
5488:Thunder Bay
5478:Saginaw Bay
5458:Lake George
5395:Couchiching
5319:Great Lakes
5185:Port Weller
5173:Communities
5161:Fifth canal
5146:Third canal
5136:First canal
5080: /
4291:December 7,
4281:www.joc.com
3828: /
3802:Forks Road
3775: /
3698: /
3645: /
3577: /
3511: /
3450:Highway 406
3328:Bridge 19A
3308: /
3074: /
3027: /
2992:flight lock
2927: /
2831: /
2759: /
2569:Lock #8 at
2288:Highway 58A
2234:Grand River
1680:Locks #4-6
1347:Port Weller
1256:Description
1064:Karl Boy-Ed
1022: /
980: /
816:Port Weller
812:World War I
400:World War I
392:Quebec City
360:Great Lakes
325:Port Weller
227:Port Weller
219:Start point
64:boat length
6183:Categories
6137:Shipwrecks
6065:Great Loop
5676:Erie Canal
5651:Anchor Bay
5557:Humber Bay
5420:Maumee Bay
5327:Main lakes
4534:October 7,
3881:References
3834: (
3815:79°14′58″W
3812:42°56′50″N
3799:Bridge 18
3781: (
3762:79°15′00″W
3759:42°56′57″N
3739:Bridge 17
3704: (
3685:79°15′21″W
3682:42°58′25″N
3669:Bridge 16
3651: (
3632:79°15′21″W
3629:42°58′37″N
3583: (
3564:79°15′16″W
3561:42°59′01″N
3548:Bridge 14
3517: (
3498:79°15′05″W
3495:42°59′30″N
3342:Bridge 20
3296:79°14′46″W
3293:42°53′57″N
3265:Bridge 19
3203:Bridge 12
3184:Highway 20
3159:Bridge 10
3134:Highway 58
3132:, carries
3062:79°11′38″W
3059:43°07′24″N
3015:79°11′31″W
3012:43°08′03″N
3001:Locks 5–6
2915:79°11′35″W
2912:43°09′19″N
2861:Bridge 4A
2847:Bridge 3A
2819:79°12′08″W
2816:43°11′35″N
2747:79°12′47″W
2744:43°13′03″N
2190:CPR bridge
1806:Highway 58
1062:, Captain
1058:, Captain
1010:79°11′33″W
1007:43°07′23″N
968:79°12′36″W
965:43°04′41″N
920:wheelhouse
820:guard lock
630:Highway 20
514:newspapers
431:ship locks
412:Erie Canal
305:ship canal
206:1932-08-06
170:1829-11-30
86:boat draft
6130:Laurentia
6060:Crossings
5860:Populated
5740:Soo Locks
5664:Waterways
5644:St. Clair
5598:Huron Bay
5562:Sodus Bay
5509:Green Bay
5390:Winnebago
5385:St. Clair
5375:Nipissing
5229:Crossings
5215:Dain City
5200:Allanburg
4816:March 23,
4754:March 21,
4366:"YouTube"
4207:March 12,
4132:April 20,
4119:0036-8733
3602:Bridge 15
3478:Bridge 13
3404:Crossing
3361:Bridge 21
3270:Highway 3
3178:Bridge 11
3145:Bridge 9
3109:Bridge 8
3095:Bridge 7
2963:Bridge 6
2945:Bridge 5
2885:Highway 8
2880:Bridge 4
2791:Bridge 2
2775:Bridge 1
2720:Crossing
2647:Lake Erie
1888:Allanburg
1884:Bridge 11
878:Accidents
667:, on the
572:Lake Erie
372:Milwaukee
364:Cleveland
337:Lake Erie
263:Lake Erie
238:Lake Erie
234:End point
214:Geography
75:boat beam
6152:Treaties
5581:Superior
5497:Michigan
5406:channels
5404:Bays and
5354:Superior
5344:Michigan
5031:in 2000.
5016:Archived
4985:Archived
4973:Archived
4956:Archived
4922:Archived
4910:Archived
4881:Archived
4855:Archived
4788:Archived
4748:Archived
4668:Archived
4602:July 11,
4595:CityNews
4568:Archived
4544:cite web
4525:Archived
4504:Archived
4485:Archived
4463:Archived
4441:Archived
4419:Archived
4397:Archived
4376:Archived
4352:Archived
4334:Archived
4285:Archived
4201:Archived
4150:Archived
4127:26079026
4054:April 6,
4048:Archived
4024:Archived
3901:Archived
3869:See also
3796:Welland
3736:Welland
3666:Welland
3598:Welland
3545:Welland
3532:Welland
3474:Welland
3444:Thorold
3407:Remarks
3238:Welland
3212:Steelton
3200:Thorold
3195:in 2001
3174:Thorold
3156:Thorold
3151:removed
3142:Thorold
3124:Thorold
3119:removed
3106:Thorold
3101:removed
3092:Thorold
3045:Thorold
3037:twinned
2998:Thorold
2990:twinned
2723:Remarks
1910:Deep Cut
1774:Lock #7
1575:Lock #3
1490:Lock #2
1451:Lock #1
953:Sabotage
937:and the
901:Steelton
684:aqueduct
655:through
444:(of the
416:Atlantic
323:between
84:Maximum
73:Maximum
62:Maximum
5779:Islands
5545:Ontario
5370:Nipigon
5349:Ontario
5210:Welland
5195:Thorold
5129:History
5007:Youtube
4727:, p.122
4692:, p.121
4371:YouTube
4330:YouTube
4265:YouTube
4248:YouTube
4231:YouTube
3460:Welland
3428:Thorold
3375:Profile
3282:Lock 8
3222:Welland
3214:in 1974
3048:Lock 7
2985:Lock 4
2901:Lock 3
2805:Lock 2
2733:Lock 1
864:Panamax
831:mooring
680:Welland
673:Ontario
661:Thorold
622:Thorold
528:scholar
460:History
384:Ontario
376:Chicago
368:Detroit
309:Ontario
204: (
186: (
168: (
150: (
121:History
6142:Storms
6125:Region
6027:Cities
5380:Simcoe
5260:People
4723:Clark
4688:Clark
4156:page 6
4125:
4117:
4085:
3192:Windoc
2286:
1804:
1534:
1236:Legend
1191:261.8
1145:Locks
1128:Canal
935:Alanis
915:Windoc
828:vacuum
723:shares
578:, and
530:
523:
516:
509:
501:
390:or to
374:, and
331:, and
103:Status
54:Length
6120:Ports
6045:Basin
5701:Falls
5439:Huron
5339:Huron
4765:. ...
4528:(PDF)
4521:(PDF)
4123:JSTOR
4027:(PDF)
4020:(PDF)
3745:(now
3618:truss
2970:(now
1188:82.3
1185:45.7
1182:33.5
1174:24.4
1171:13.7
659:, to
535:JSTOR
521:books
303:is a
95:Locks
5413:Erie
5334:Erie
4863:2020
4818:2015
4756:2015
4676:2010
4632:2024
4604:2020
4576:2017
4550:link
4536:2015
4293:2017
4209:2017
4180:2023
4134:2024
4115:ISSN
4083:ISBN
4056:2015
2700:edit
2693:talk
2686:view
2652:43.5
2576:39.3
1778:13.9
1684:12.6
1579:10.2
1208:8.2
1205:4.3
1202:2.7
1199:2.4
1168:8.1
1165:6.7
1046:The
1041:hoax
604:The
570:and
507:news
422:and
382:and
315:and
299:The
280:and
261:and
188:1833
181:1833
152:1824
145:1824
106:Open
4964:PDF
4310:".
4263:on
4246:on
4229:on
4079:199
3419:at
2065:to
1494:5.9
1455:3.1
1154:26
1151:27
1148:40
694:in
620:in
490:by
448:or
335:on
327:on
307:in
240:at
225:at
6185::
4879:.
4849:.
4808:.
4780:.
4758:.
4740:.
4709:.
4666:.
4648:.
4620:.
4592:.
4566:.
4546:}}
4542:{{
4523:.
4502:.
4483:.
4479:.
4461:.
4457:.
4439:.
4435:.
4417:.
4413:.
4384:^
4374:.
4368:.
4350:.
4332:.
4328:.
4283:.
4279:.
4211:.
4182:.
4121:.
4111:46
4109:.
4105:.
4081:.
4022:.
3917:.
3899:.
3888:^
3749:)
3731:)
3613:)
3186:)
2974:)
2887:)
2867::
2290:-
2152:-
1886:,
1808:-
1538:-
1261:km
1157:8
733:.
370:,
366:,
5311:e
5304:t
5297:v
5114:e
5107:t
5100:v
4966:)
4962:(
4865:.
4820:.
4707:"
4703:"
4678:.
4634:.
4606:.
4578:.
4552:)
4538:.
4306:"
4295:.
4136:.
4091:.
4058:.
4005:.
3991:.
3963:.
3949:.
3935:.
3921:.
3838:)
3785:)
3727:/
3708:)
3655:)
3609:(
3587:)
3521:)
3250:/
958:(
557:)
551:(
546:)
542:(
532:·
525:·
518:·
511:·
484:.
208:)
190:)
172:)
154:)
98:8
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
