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314:
his policies against the
Byzantines. Frequently, Theodelinda corresponded with Pope Gregory (590–604) in letters, some of which are recorded by the eighth-century historian, Paul the Deacon. Some of the content in these letters concerned her husband's conversion. To further promulgate the Christian faith of the Catholics, she also welcomed Catholic missionaries across her realm. Taking full advantage of her piety and possibly to incentivize her continued Catholic proclivities, Pope Gregory sent her a series of silver ampullas of Syro-Palestinian craftsmanship, a gospel casket, and a golden cross from Byzantium. The cross was gem-encrusted and was meant as a symbol of the "impending Kingdom of God".
40:
298:—and instead, asserts that both political bargaining or naked force were more likely attributable to her choice. Whatever the real situation, a mere two months after Authari's death, Theodelinda picked Agilulf as her next husband and the two were wed. She thereafter exerted much influence in restoring
313:
While her husband
Agilulf retained his Arian faith, he allowed his son with Theodelinda to be baptized a Catholic. The Lombard king faced trouble from his dukes, who were convinced that he had consigned himself instead to the faith of the conquered. Agilulf did not permit Theodelinda's faith to shape
362:
Despite frequently and consistently pointing out the flaws and political antagonism of queens and duchesses throughout his texts, Paul the Deacon makes an exception with
Theodelinda, who he depicts in a very favorable light, making her into a
293:
So highly esteemed across the
Lombard kingdom was Theodelinda that when Authari died, she was asked to remain in power and to choose a successor. Historian Roger Collins has misgivings with the reliability of this claim—which stems from
272:
may have had an interest in encouraging this marriage as it would tie a
Bavarian Catholic with the Arian Lombards, something he did previously, when he promoted the marriage between the Frankish princess Bertha—great-granddaughter of
256:. Born a Bavarian princess to King Garibald, Theodelinda's heritage included being descended on her mother's side from the previous Lombard king, Waco, whose family had ruled seven generations prior according tradition.
336:
Within "the treasure house" that is the cathedral at Monza, one finds a splendidly detailed sculpture of a mother hen and her chicks made of gilded silver, which was likely another gift from Pope
Gregory.
333:(near Milan) and richly endowed it. Her support for the Catholic faith also included the establishment of monasteries—one at Bobbio, and later one at Pedona, among others according to Paul the Deacon.
329:
For a period of some thirty-five years
Theodelinda was queen of the Lombards. Perhaps to further exhibit her faith, she constructed a Catholic cathedral dedicated to
216:
when he reached majority, from 616 to 626. For well over thirty years, she exercised influence across the
Lombard realm, which comprised most of Italy between the
353:
Maintaining a relationship with
Theodelinda was in the interest of the Catholic papacy as it provided Gregory with a toehold on the Lombard court.
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Historian
Johannes Fried relates that this cross is known as the "Gregory crucifix" and is well preserved to this day.
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Brown, Thomas (1995). "The Transformation of the Roman Mediterranean, 400–900". In George Holmes (ed.).
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907:. In Charles G. Herbermann; Edward A. Pace; Conde B. Fallen; Thomas J. Shahan; John J. Wynne (eds.).
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310:. Her reach extended across most of the Italian peninsula between the Apennines and the Alps.
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277:—and the Kentish Aethelbehrt. Theodelinda's time with Authari was brief for he died in 590.
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Marina, Areli (2013). "The Langobard Revival of Matteo il Magno Visconti, Lord of Milan".
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The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade
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Hartmann, L.M. (1913). "Italy under the Lombards". In H.M. Gwatkin; J.P. Whitney (eds.).
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The same year that Agilulf assumed the Lombard throne, the Pope Pelagius II had died and
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Shortly before Agilulf's death in 616, he named Theodelinda co-regent for their son
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Theodelinda was married first in 588 to Authari, king of the Lombards, son of King
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410:. Another of the gifts of this pope to the Lombard queen was a cruciform
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823:. Cambridge and London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
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are narrated in the frescoes painted in the Theodelinda Chapel in the
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and once he reached maturity, she remained co-ruler over the kingdom.
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Queens of Italy – Women in Power in Medieval Italy: Theodelinda
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418:. The history of the queen and her connection with the famous
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The Inheritance of Rome: Illuminating the Dark Ages, 400–1000
911:. Vol. 9. Robert Appleton Company and Encyclopedia Press
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989:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
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743:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
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928:. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell publishing.
842:. Vol. III . New York: Macmillan & Co.
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855:(1/2). University of Chicago Press: 377–414.
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785:. New Haven; London: Yale University Press.
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849:I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance
781:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
406:, sent by Pope Gregory to her for her son
394:The famous treasure of Monza contains the
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987:The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples
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724:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
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228:, she convinced her first spouse
762:. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
426:, work by Ambrogio and Gregorio
184:570–628 AD), was a queen of the
1187:Anna of Provence (915–924)
947:. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
943:Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (2004).
804:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
760:Early Medieval Europe, 300–1000
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208:during the minority of her son
188:by marriage to two consecutive
1443:Queens consort of the Lombards
840:The Cambridge Medieval History
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331:St. John the Baptist at Monza
268:. There are indications that
248:She was the daughter of duke
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54:Queen consort of the Lombards
1241:Berta di Luni (1002–14)
1236:Theophanu of Constantinople
945:The Barbarian West, 400–1000
888:. New York: Harper Collins.
886:The Ruin of the Roman Empire
442:
402:, enclosing a text from the
302:to a position of primacy in
63:15 May 589 - 5 September 590
7:
800:Frassetto, Michael (2003).
44:Theodelinda in a fresco by
10:
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1478:7th-century queens regnant
1438:7th-century Lombard people
1433:6th-century Lombard people
1133:Cunigunda of Laon (?)
1130:Bertha of Gellone (?)
720:Bauer, Susan Wise (2010).
1488:7th-century women regents
1473:7th-century Italian women
1468:6th-century Italian women
1097:Gundiberga (626–652)
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884:O'Donnell, James (2008).
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1377:Joséphine de Beauharnais
1317:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1305:Beatrice of Hohenstaufen
985:Wolfram, Herwig (1997).
819:Fried, Johannes (2015).
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289:Map of Italy in 603 a.C.
1383:Marie Louise of Austria
1245:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1100:Guntrude (712–744)
1076:Berthora (549–552)
962:Wickham, Chris (2009).
758:Collins, Roger (1999).
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1353:Elizabeth of Pomerania
1341:Margaret II of Hainaut
1293:Beatrice I of Burgundy
1167:Ageltrude of Benevento
924:Todd, Malcolm (2004).
420:Iron Crown of Lombardy
396:Iron Crown of Lombardy
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1483:German female regents
1401:Marie-José of Belgium
1119:Fastrada of Franconia
1103:Tassia (744–749)
909:Catholic Encyclopedia
903:Silva, Paolo (1913).
777:Duffy, Eamon (2006).
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250:Garibald I of Bavaria
156:Garibald I of Bavaria
1371:Isabella of Portugal
1287:Richenza of Northeim
1149:Richilde of Provence
970:. New York: Viking.
691:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
628:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
507:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
1493:7th-century regents
1458:People from Brianza
1395:Elena of Montenegro
1389:Margherita of Savoy
1365:Eleanor of Portugal
1335:Margaret of Brabant
1323:Isabella of England
1311:Constance of Aragon
1299:Constance of Sicily
1275:Constance of Sicily
1200:Marozia of Tusculum
1196:Alda (924–932)
1155:Richardis of Swabia
1143:Engelberga of Parma
1137:Ermengarde of Tours
1125:Luitgard of Sundgau
681:, pp. 341–342.
306:against its rival,
300:Nicene Christianity
1281:Matilda of England
1182:Bertila of Spoleto
1161:Bertila of Spoleto
308:Arian Christianity
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224:. Born a Frankish
1453:People from Monza
1410:
1409:
1391: (1878–1900)
1230:Adelaide of Italy
1212:Adelaide of Italy
977:978-0-67002-098-0
954:978-0-63120-292-9
935:978-1-40511-714-2
926:The Early Germans
895:978-0-06-078741-7
830:978-0-67405-562-9
811:978-1-57607-263-9
792:978-0-30011-597-0
769:978-0-31221-886-7
750:978-0-19960-582-8
731:978-0-39305-975-5
630:, pp. 53–54.
374:Gregory the Great
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1359:Barbara of Cilli
1347:Anna of Świdnica
1269:Eupraxia of Kiev
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1218:Willa of Tuscany
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65:May 591 - 616
62:
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55:
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47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1403: (1946)
1337: (1311)
1307: (1212)
1091:
1082: (560s)
1065:Amalasuintha
986:
965:
944:
925:
913:. Retrieved
908:
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713:Bibliography
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667:Wolfram 1997
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584:
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1092:Theodelinda
522:Marina 2013
236:beliefs to
178:Theudelinde
174:Theodelinda
33:Theodelinda
18:Theodelinde
1428:628 deaths
1423:570 births
1417:Categories
1080:Chlothsind
1071:Matasuntha
905:"Lombardy"
643:Fried 2015
616:Brown 1995
589:Bauer 2010
495:Duffy 2006
459:Silva 1913
438:References
416:True Cross
134:Gundeberga
80:Regensburg
1113:Hildegard
1059:Audofleda
877:194035594
604:Todd 2004
443:Citations
428:Zavattari
412:encolpion
218:Apennines
214:co-regent
206:Lombardia
196:and then
46:Zavattari
1224:Gerberga
1086:Rosamund
408:Adaloald
398:and the
363:heroine.
324:Adaloald
275:Clovis I
254:Waldrada
226:Catholic
220:and the
210:Adaloald
186:Lombards
166:Waldrada
130:Adaloald
915:29 July
430:(1444).
198:Agilulf
118:Agilulf
114:Authari
993:
974:
951:
932:
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827:
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318:Regent
230:Autari
212:, and
202:regent
200:, and
194:Autari
162:Mother
152:Father
110:Spouse
98:Burial
77:c. 570
60:Tenure
873:S2CID
865:JSTOR
341:Notes
304:Italy
266:Cleph
234:pagan
141:House
125:Issue
92:Monza
1107:Ansa
991:ISBN
972:ISBN
949:ISBN
930:ISBN
917:2013
890:ISBN
825:ISBN
806:ISBN
787:ISBN
764:ISBN
745:ISBN
726:ISBN
252:and
244:Life
222:Alps
86:Died
74:Born
857:doi
204:of
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871:.
863:.
853:16
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182:c.
1040:e
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