1857:) states that during a rendition of the national anthem, when the flag is displayed, all present including those in uniform should stand at attention; non-military service individuals should face the flag with the right hand over the heart; members of the Armed Forces and veterans who are present and not in uniform may render the military salute; military service persons not in uniform should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold the headdress at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart; and members of the Armed Forces and veterans who are in uniform should give the military salute at the first note of the anthem and maintain that position until the last note. The law further provides that when the flag is not displayed, all present should face toward the music and act in the same manner they would if the flag were displayed. Military law requires all vehicles on the installation to stop when the song is played and all individuals outside to stand at attention and face the direction of the music and either salute, in uniform, or place the right hand over the heart, if out of uniform. The law was amended in 2008, and since allows military veterans to salute out of uniform, as well.
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1942, the law was again revised instructing men and women to stand at attention and face in the direction of the music when it was played. That revision also directed men and women to place their hands over their hearts only if the flag was displayed. Those in uniform were required to salute. On July 7, 1976, the law was simplified. Men and women were instructed to stand with their hands over their hearts, men removing their hats, irrespective of whether or not the flag was displayed and those in uniform saluting. On August 12, 1998, the law was rewritten keeping the same instructions, but differentiating between "those in uniform" and "members of the Armed Forces and veterans" who were both instructed to salute during the playing whether or not the flag was displayed. Because of the changes in law over the years and confusion between instructions for the Pledge of
Allegiance versus the National Anthem, throughout most of the 20th century many people simply stood at attention or with their hands folded in front of them during the playing of the Anthem, and when reciting the Pledge they would hold their hand (or hat) over their heart.
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880:, claims that the idea of making "The Star Spangled Banner" the national anthem began on their parade ground in 1892. Colonel Caleb Carlton, post commander, established the tradition that the song be played "at retreat and at the close of parades and concerts." Carlton explained the custom to Governor Sheldon of South Dakota who "promised me that he would try to have the custom established among the state militia." Carlton wrote that after a similar discussion,
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442:, where he arrived on the morning of September 4. He located Col. John Stuart Skinner, an American agent for prisoners of war, who leased a 60-foot (18.3 m) sloop-rigged packet ship belonging to John and Benjamin Ferguson, brothers who owned a cargo and passenger service between Baltimore and Norfolk. The ship had a nine-man crew and was captained by a co-owner, John Ferguson. They sailed from Baltimore the next day (September 5) out through the
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2100:. Kaepernick sat during the first two preseason games, but he went unnoticed. In particular, protests focus on the discussion of slavery (and mercenaries) in the third verse of the anthem, in which some have interpreted the lyrics as condemning slaves that had joined the British in an effort to earn their freedom. Since Kaepernick's protest, other athletes have joined in the protests. In the 2017 season, after President
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1132:, replacing the song's fourth line, "o'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming", with an alteration of the second line, "what so proudly we watched at the twilight's last gleaming". Other times the issue is avoided by having the performer(s) play the anthem instrumentally instead of singing it. The pre-recording of the anthem has become standard practice at some ballparks, such as
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510:. Ross initially refused to release Beanes, but relented after reading letters, brought by Key, written by wounded British prisoners of war praising American doctors for their kind treatment. Because Key and Skinner had overheard details of the plans for the attack on Baltimore, they were prevented from going ashore until after the battle, several days later.
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printed the song, with the note "Tune: Anacreon in Heaven". The song quickly became popular; it was ultimately printed in 17 newspapers from
Georgia to New Hampshire. Soon after, Thomas Carr of the Carr Music Store in Baltimore published the words and music together under the title "The Star Spangled
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provided the "bombs bursting in air". Around 1,500 to 1,800 bomb shells and over 700 rockets were fired at the fort but with minimal casualties and damage being done. Four men died and 24 were wounded in the fort. The ships were forced to fire from their maximum range (with minimal accuracy) to stay
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to proceed in a flag-vessel to Genl Ross. Old Dr Beanes of
Marlbro' is taken prisoner by the Enemy, who threaten to carry him off – Some of his friends have urged me to apply for a flag & go & try to procure his release. I hope to return in about 8 or 10 days, though is uncertain, as I do
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Banner", although it was originally called "Defence of Fort M'Henry". Thomas Carr's arrangement introduced the raised fourth which became the standard deviation from "The
Anacreontic Song". The song's popularity increased and its first public performance took place in October when Baltimore actor
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during its playing, while others should simply stand at attention, men removing their hats. The same code also required that women should place their hands over their hearts when the flag is displayed during the playing of the national anthem, but not if the flag was not present. On
December 23,
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The 200th anniversary of the "Star-Spangled Banner" occurred in 2014 with various special events occurring throughout the United States. A particularly significant celebration occurred during the week of
September 10–16 in and around Baltimore, Maryland. Highlights included playing of a new
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on
January 31, 1930. On the same day, Elsie Jorss-Reilley and Grace Evelyn Boudlin sang the song to the committee to refute the perception that it was too high pitched for a typical person to sing. The committee voted in favor of sending the bill to the House floor for a vote. The
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1360:-era U.S. was generally negative. Despite the controversy, Feliciano's performance opened the door for the countless interpretations of the "Star-Spangled Banner" heard in the years since. One week after Feliciano's performance, the anthem was in the news again when U.S. athletes
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states that "he composition consisting of the words and music known as the Star-Spangled Banner is the national anthem." Although all four stanzas of the poem officially compose the
National Anthem, only the first stanza is generally sung, the other three being much lesser known.
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In an attempt to take
Baltimore, the British attacked Fort McHenry, which protected the harbor. Bombs were soon bursting in air, rockets were glaring, and all in all it was a moment of great historical interest. During the bombardment, a young lawyer named Francis Off Key
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Aboard the ship that morning, Key began writing his lyrics on the back of a letter he had kept in his pocket. Late afternoon on
September 16, Key, Skinner and Beanes were released from the fleet and they arrived in Baltimore that evening. He completed the poem at the
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670:, Key's "message to the blacks fighting for freedom was unmistakable—we will hunt you down and the search will leave you in terror because, when we find you, your next stop is the gloom of the grave". The reference to slaves, which was perceived as being
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president, said: "It's racist; it doesn't represent our community, it's anti-black." The rarely-sung third stanza of the anthem contains the words "No refuge could save the hireling and slave, from the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave", which
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and U.S. national anthems at games that involve teams from both countries (with the "away" anthem being performed first). It is also usual for both U.S. and Canadian anthems (done in the same way as the NHL and MLS) to be played at
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barrage had stopped, he would not know how the battle had turned out until dawn. On the morning of September 14, the storm flag had been lowered and the large garrison flag (30 by 42 feet (9.1 by 12.8 m)) had been raised.
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Many consider "America the Beautiful" to be the unofficial national anthem of the United States. In fact, it was one of the songs being considered as a U.S. national anthem before "Star Spangled Banner" was officially
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gave a controversial performance of the anthem in 2018. Critics likened her rendition to a jazzy "sexed-up" version of the anthem, which was considered highly inappropriate, with her performance compared to that of
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so he could move in with the bombardment squadron. Having advanced into the Patapsco River, the 16-ship attack force began to fire on Fort McHenry at sunrise on September 13; the bombardment would last 25 hours.
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of the Star-Spangled Banner was performed on original instruments from the National Museum of American History's collection. Arranged by G. W. E. Friederich, the music is played as it would have been heard in
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When the U.S. national anthem was first recognized by law in 1931, there was no prescription as to behavior during its playing. On June 22, 1942, the law was revised indicating that those in uniform should
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620:, where he was staying, His finished manuscript was untitled and unsigned. When printed as a broadside, the next day, it was given the title "Defence of Fort M'Henry". It was first published nationally in
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During the rainy day and through the night, Key had witnessed the bombardment and observed that the fort's smaller "storm flag" (17 by 25 feet (5.2 by 7.6 m)) continued to fly, but once the bomb and
525:. On September 11, off the North Point peninsula, Colonel Skinner insisted that they be transferred back to their own truce vessel, which they were allowed to do, under guard. It was still tethered to
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One of two surviving copies of the 1814 broadside printing of the "Defence of Fort M'Henry", a poem that later became the lyrics of "The Star-Spangled Banner", the national anthem of the United States
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started a petition for the United States to officially recognize "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem. Five million people signed the petition. The petition was presented to the
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291:" (or "The Anacreontic Song"), with various lyrics, was already popular in the United States. This setting, renamed "The Star-Spangled Banner", soon became a popular patriotic song. With a
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is suggestive and not regulatory in nature. Failure to follow the suggestions is not a violation of the law. This behavioral requirement for the national anthem is subject to the same
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682:." However, such claims have been criticised as going against historical consensus, as the majority of academics who have written about slavery during the War of 1812, such as
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argued that " The Star-Spangled Banner" racist? The short answer is yes, insofar as almost every older piece of American iconography cannot be rid of the stain of slavery."
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and the incorporation of non-English-speaking people into the country, the lyrics of the song have been translated into other languages. In 1861, it was translated into
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on July 25, 1990. The comedian belted out a screechy rendition of the song, and afterward, she mocked ballplayers by spitting and grabbing her crotch as if adjusting a
1407:". When asked about negative reactions to his "unorthodox" treatment of the anthem, Hendrix, who served briefly in the U.S. Army, responded "I'm American so I played it
656:. The anthem's third stanza uses the phrase "the hireling and slave", which had been interpreted by several commentators to refer to American slaves who escaped to the
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1531:". Fergie later apologized for her performance of the song, stating that ''I'm a risk taker artistically, but clearly this rendition didn't strike the intended tone".
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and in June 2021 was replaced by 350 black steel sculptures that honor the first 350 Africans kidnapped and forced onto a slave ship headed across the Atlantic from
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memorial service, the Queen joined in the singing of the anthem, an unprecedented occurrence. The Star Spangled Banner was played by the Coldstream Guards again at
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signed the bill on March 4, 1931, officially adopting "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem of the United States of America. As currently codified, the
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to fight against U.S. forces. Key was also a slaveholder throughout much of his life, and "white freedom and white lives were what mattered" to Key. According to
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do not sing the national anthem, though they are taught that standing is an "ethical decision" that individual believers must make based on their conscience.
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740:, an 18th-century gentlemen's club of amateur musicians in London. Nicholson took the poem to a printer in Baltimore, who anonymously made the first known
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1274:, the anthem was sung by protesters demonstrating outside the U.S. consulate-general in an appeal to the U.S. government to help them with their cause.
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In a version hand-written by Francis Scott Key in 1840, the third line reads: "Whose bright stars and broad stripes, through the clouds of the fight".
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with providing that official version. In response, the Bureau enlisted the help of five musicians to agree upon an arrangement. Those musicians were
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Much of the idea of the poem, including the flag imagery and some of the wording, is derived from an earlier song by Key, also set to the tune of "
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ordered that "The Star-Spangled Banner" be played at military and other appropriate occasions. The playing of the song two years later during the
829:. An official handwritten version of the final votes of these five men has been found and shows all five men's votes tallied, measure by measure.
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running event, they turned on the podium to face their flags, and to hear the American national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner". Each athlete
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national anthem. Following the War of 1812 and subsequent U.S. wars, other songs emerged to compete for popularity at public events, among them "
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lasting more than four minutes and featuring a host of improvisations. It was one of Franklin's last public appearances before her 2018 death.
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In the fourth verse, Key's 1814 published version of the poem is written as, "And this be our motto-"In God is our trust!"" In 1956 when '
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1051:' was under consideration to be adopted as the national motto of the United States by the US Congress, the words of the fourth verse of
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at the time, introduced a series of six unsuccessful bills to officially recognize "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem.
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5320:"Poems of the late Francis S. Key, Esq., author of 'The Star spangled banner': with and introductory letter by Chief Justice Taney"
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By the early 20th century, there were various versions of the song in popular use. Seeking a singular, standard version, President
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and have a substantial Canadian fan base, play both anthems before all home games regardless of where the visiting team is based.
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professor Mark Clague has claimed that the controversial phrase referred to British troops and "in no way glorifies or celebrates
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Professional and amateur singers have been known to forget the words, which is one reason the song is sometimes pre-recorded and
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on the morning of September 8. The fleet then slowly moved up the Chesapeake toward Baltimore. The truce vessel was in tow with
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2157:. The organization was still seeking a representative to sponsor the legislation in Congress at the time of its announcement.
2124:, the majority of players and coaches kneeled during the national anthem through the end of the season. In San Francisco, the
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1411:... Unorthodox? I thought it was beautiful, but there you go." The Woodstock version by Jimi Hendrix was inducted into the
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game, and her emotional, groundbreaking performance (one of the most critically acclaimed renditions of all time) led the
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flying triumphantly above the fort. This flag (as well as the storm flag), with 15 stars and 15 stripes, had been made by
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wrote "The Star-Spangled Banner", and when, by the dawn's early light, the British heard it sung, they fled in terror.
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906:, and thereafter during each game of the series is often cited as the first instance that the anthem was played at a
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2104:'s condemnation of the kneeling, which included calling for players (whom he reportedly also referred to by various
2009:
1044:", which itself was being considered before 1931 as a candidate to become the national anthem of the United States.
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5324:(The letter from Chief Justice Taney tells the history behind the writing of the poem written by Francis Scott Key)
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3508:(Referencing H. Rept. No. 1959, 84th Cong., 2d Sess. (1956) and S. Rept. No. 2703, 84th Cong., 2d Sess. (1956), 2.)
1983:
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1569:"The Star-Spangled Banner" has four verses, although the second through fourth verses are not commonly performed.
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2024:, and kept them raised until the anthem had finished. In addition, Smith, Carlos, and Australian silver medalist
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Key composed a poem for an event honoring Stephen Decatur and Charles Stewart, two heroes of the war in Tripoli
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at the US National Park Service, Fort McHenry National Monument, and Historic Shrine. Retrieved February 2008.
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Plaque, Fort Meade, erected 1976 by the Fort Meade V.A. Hospital and the South Dakota State Historical Society
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Protests against police brutality and racism by kneeling on one knee during the national anthem began in the
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4043:"Marvin Gaye Spices Up "The Star-Spangled Banner" At NBA All-Star Game, On This Day In 1983 [Watch]"
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salute". The event is regarded as one of the most overtly political statements in the history of the modern
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The song is notoriously difficult for nonprofessionals to sing because of its wide range – a
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together with other workers in her home on Baltimore's Pratt Street. The flag later came to be known as the
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of 19 semitones, it is known for being very difficult to sing, in part because the melody sung today is the
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in 1991, which was released as a single that charted at number 20 in 1991 and number 6 in 2001 (along with
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Key gave the poem to his brother-in-law Joseph H. Nicholson who saw that the words fit the popular melody "
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called on Congress to remove "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem. Alice Huffman, California
1356:. This rendition started contemporary "Star-Spangled Banner" controversies. The response from many in the
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not know where to find the fleet. – As soon as I get back I hope I shall be able to set out for Fred – ...
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The song gained popularity throughout the 19th century, and bands played it during public events such as
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beginning in 1898. The tradition of performing the national anthem before every baseball game began in
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2699:"John Wiley & Sons: 200 Years of Publishing – Birth of the New American Literature: 1807–1826"
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In 1927, with the thought that "The Star-Spangled Banner" was unsuited for a national anthem, the
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5427:"How the National Anthem Has Unfurled; 'The Star-Spangled Banner' Has Changed a Lot in 200 Years"
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often included a solo instrumental performance at concerts from 1968 to his death in 1970. Using
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to the highest ratings of any program in the company's history and remains so today. In 2016,
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5,000,000 Plea For U.S. Anthem: Giant Petition to Be Given Judiciary Committee of Senate Today
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https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2020/10/18/star-spangled-banner-racist-national-anthem/
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958:; 901 compositions were submitted for the $ 1,500 prize (equivalent to $ 26,310 in 2023).
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game, though evidence shows that the "Star-Spangled Banner" was performed as early as 1897 at
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5129:"A timeline of Colin Kaepernick's national anthem protest and the NFL players who joined him"
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Two especially unusual performances of the song took place in the immediate aftermath of the
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4094:"AOL Radio – Listen to Free Online Radio – Free Internet Radio Stations and Music Playlists"
2893:"Colin Kaepernick Is Righter Than You Know: The National Anthem Is a Celebration of Slavery"
2554:(1937) Reprinted by American Foundation Publications, Stuarts Draft, Virginia. 1998 (p. 154)
2538:, video tour from Fort McHenry. American History TV: American Artifacts, C-SPAN, August 2014
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TV tour of the Smithsonian National Museum of American History Star-Spangled Banner exhibit
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3881:"Show 52 – The Soul Reformation: Phase three, soul music at the summit. [Part 8]"
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sponsored a composition contest to nominate a national anthem. They selected the text of
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5200:"'Reckoning' with slavery: toppled Francis Scott Key statue replaced by African figures"
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3778:"Hong Kong protesters sing 'Star-Spangled Banner,' call on Trump to 'liberate' the city"
3437:"Who Wrote "America the Beautiful"? The History of America's Unofficial National Anthem"
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5,000,000 Sign for Anthem: Fifty-Mile Petition Supports "The Star-Spangled Banner" Bill
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America's National Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner" in U.S. History, Culture, and Law
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Committee Hears Star-Spangled Banner Sung: Studies Bill to Make It the National Anthem
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respectively, the only Canadian teams in those two major U.S. sports leagues, and in
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5174:"Donald Trump blasts NFL anthem protesters: 'Get that son of a bitch off the field'"
3037:"Standardization Manuscript for "The Star Spangled Banner" | Antiques Roadshow"
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801:. The standardized version that was voted upon by these five musicians premiered at
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5103:"Century-old Francis Scott Key monument defaced with 'racist anthem' in Baltimore"
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5263:"Jimi Hendrix's 'Star-Spangled Banner' is the anthem we need in the age of Trump"
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knelt during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, in response to
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issued an order that it "be played at every Army post every evening at retreat."
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4120:"That time Aretha Franklin dazzled America on Thanksgiving with national anthem"
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Several films have their titles taken from the song's lyrics. These include the
1163:. The song has also been intermittently performed at baseball games since after
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during the war, as Britain offered them freedom and the opportunity to join the
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poll showed many adults knew neither the lyrics nor the history of the anthem.
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when the statue was covered in red paint and the words "Racist Anthem" in 2017
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at the points when the lyrics are normally heard. One such performance at the
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If you are interested in singing the National Anthems at a sporting event at
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3080:"The Star-Spangled Banner: an American anthem with a very British beginning"
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1151:"The Star-Spangled Banner" has been performed regularly at the beginning of
191:"The Star-Spangled Banner" (instrumental version by United States Navy Band)
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5220:"National anthem lyrics prompt California NAACP to call for replacing song"
5024:"Schedule for the Presidential Inauguration 2007, Navajo Nation Government"
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1026:" served this purpose at official functions for most of the 19th century. "
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406:. A friend of Key's, Beanes was accused of aiding the detention of several
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633:". The song, known as "When the Warrior Returns", was written in honor of
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The earliest surviving sheet music of "The Star-Spangled Banner" from 1814
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5383:"Star-Spangled History: 5 Facts About the Making of the National Anthem"
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3840:"Francis Scott Key's anthem keeps asking: Have we survived as a nation?"
2919:"Is the National Anthem Racist? Beyond the Debate Over Colin Kaepernick"
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306:"The Star-Spangled Banner" was first recognized for official use by the
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3809:"Thousands Rally in Hong Kong for U.S. Bill Supporting City's Autonomy"
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1476:, to which he later issued a public apology) and again in 2012 (at the
1464:. The performance offended some, including the sitting U.S. president,
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5322:. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers – via Internet Archive.
5278:
O Say Can You Hear? A Cultural Biography of "The Star-Spangled Banner"
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Since the 1990s, the anthem has become controversial due to perceived
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Star-Spangled Banner: The Unlikely Story of America's National Anthem
5152:"Historians disagree on whether 'The Star-Spangled Banner' is racist"
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3625:
2962:"Colin Kaepernick and the Radical Uses of "The Star-Spangled Banner""
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all wore human rights badges on their jackets. In his autobiography,
1933:
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provided the "rockets' red glare", while the heavy-mortar bomb ships
458:
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Crowd performing the U.S. national anthem before a baseball game at
694:
identify Key as referencing American slaves in the phrase. In 2016,
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5367:"New book reveals the dark history behind the Star Spangled Banner"
3521:
The Grammar of Rock: Art and Artlessness in 20th Century Pop Lyrics
2607:
The War of 1812: Writings from America's Second War of Independence
1180:
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Before 1931, other songs served as the hymns of U.S. officialdom. "
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stragglers who were ransacking local homesteads in search of food.
127:
115:
8562:
3751:"Hong Kong protesters sing U.S. anthem in appeal for Trump's help"
2625:
Armistead, Lieutenant Colonel George (Commander of Fort McHenry).
2140:
California chapter of the NAACP call to remove the national anthem
1495:
became the first opera singer to perform the National Anthem at a
894:
officially adopted "The Star-Spangled Banner". In 1916, President
529:. Admiral Cochrane then transferred his flag to the shallow-draft
434:, on September 3, Key traveled 40 miles (64 km) by land from
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The Rockets' Red Glare: The Maritime Defense of Baltimore in 1814
1929:
495:. The flagship then anchored and brought Key and Skinner aboard.
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to escort the American sloop to Tangier Island, where he thought
296:
3465:
2927:. September 3, 2016. Archived from the original on July 10, 2017
1578:
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
612:, and again in 1998 as part of an ongoing conservation program.
588:
Key was inspired by the U.S. victory and the sight of the large
8889:
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5440:
3989:
Hendrix on Hendrix: Interviews and Encounters with Jimi Hendrix
2133:
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were brought up in arguments supporting adoption of the motto.
761:
517:, Key, Skinner, and Beanes were transferred to the frigate HMS
390:
On August 28, 1814, William Beanes, a physician who resided in
300:
284:
9694:
5409:
The Man Behind the National Anthem Paid Little Attention to It
2717:
2715:
2672:
Mary Young Pickersgill: Flag Maker of the Star-Spangled Banner
2016:. After having won gold and bronze medals respectively in the
1944:. The third verse of the anthem has also been translated into
1328:
performance of the anthem heard by the mainstream U.S. was by
987:, saying "Believe It or Not, America has no national anthem".
744:
printing on September 17; of these, two known copies survive.
2149:
2145:
1945:
1713:
1677:
penned an unofficial fifth verse during the beginning of the
1337:
240:
on September 14, 1814, after he witnessed the bombardment of
4858:
Digital Collections Programme. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4272:"The Star-Spangled Banner Verse You've Probably Never Heard"
3907:
2661:, Tidewater Publishers, Centerville, Maryland. 1986 (p. 127)
2226:
and His Pennsylvanians sing The Star-Spangled Banner in 1942
1622:Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.
5547:
5396:'Star-Spangled Banner' writer had a complex record on race"
4854:
in pool, 1745, Joe Fishstein Collection of Yiddish Poetry,
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4428:
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3910:"Jose Feliciano's once-controversial anthem kicks off NLCS"
3312:'Star Spangled Banner' Is Voted National Anthem by Congress
3290:'Star-Spangled Banner' Favored As Anthem in Report to House
2712:
2594:
Through the Perilous Fight: Six Weeks That Saved the Nation
2048:
Protests against racism and police brutality (2016–present)
1643:Praise the Power that hath made and preserv'd us a nation!
1584:
Gave proof through the night that our Flag was still there;
1580:O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming?
1576:What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming,
1156:
1141:
233:
19:"Star-Spangled Banner" redirects here. For other uses, see
2821:"Video: Do You Know the Star-Spangled Banner's 3rd Verse?"
1641:
Blest with vict'ry and peace, may the Heav'n rescued land,
1336:. He created a nationwide uproar when he strummed a slow,
1034:", the United Kingdom's national anthem, also served as a
413:
On September 2, 1814, Key wrote a letter from his home in
353:
5552:
5487:
5423:—American Treasures of the Library of Congress exhibition
3040:
1698:
By the millions unchained when our birthright was gained,
1164:
1152:
1110:
3698:"The Queen's Tears/And global resolve against terrorism"
3105:"Cubs vs Red Sox 1918 World Series: A Tradition is Born"
1812:
shows a version of the origin of the song. The title of
1065:
Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner
853:
where "The Star-Spangled Banner" was first publicly sung
4990:. Gallupindependent.com. March 25, 2005. Archived from
4168:"Harris Interactive poll on "The Star-Spangled Banner""
1599:
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
1597:Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
264:, flying triumphantly above the fort after the battle.
2613:(Letter from Roger B. Taney to Charles Howard – 1856)
2566:
Skinner, John Stuart. "Incidents of the War of 1812",
2194:
1915 recording of the Star-Spangled Banner as sung by
1849:
Since 1998, federal law (viz., the United States Code
1595:
On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
1582:
And the Rockets' red glare, the Bombs bursting in air,
1507:
performed a rendition before the nationally-televised
1399:
music festival in 1969 was a highlight of the event's
774:
in Philadelphia, reprinted the song in November 1814.
3473:"Adopting In God We Trust as the U.S. National Motto"
3007:"Oratorio Society of New York – Star Spangled Banner"
2674:, AuthorHouse, Bloomington, Indiana. 2014 (pp. 22–35)
2307:
Instrumental recording by the United States Navy Band
1904:
version from 1919. It has since been translated into
1626:
From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave,
1603:
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
1601:As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
1591:O'er the Land of the free and the home of the brave?
1441:, the only times the national anthem has been on the
10553:
Birthplace and childhood home National Historic Site
5329:
What So Proudly We Hailed: Francis Scott Key, a Life
2994:
Banner moments: the national anthem in American life
2508:"Defence of Fort M'Henry | Library of Congress"
2398:
1707:
While the land of the free is the home of the brave!
1654:
O'er the Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave.
1650:And the star-spangled Banner in triumph shall wave,
1633:
O'er the Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave.
1612:
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.
1452:
gave a controversial performance of the anthem at a
1305:
The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston recording)
4907:
on Musique Acadienne. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
3378:"My country 'tis of thee [Song Collection]"
1977:
1639:Between their lov'd home and the war's desolation,
1534:In March 2005, a government-sponsored program, the
585:out of range of the fort's formidable cannon fire.
330:signed into law. The resolution is now codified at
5077:"Caught in Time: Black Power salute, Mexico, 1968"
4706:"Highlights of the Beliefs of Jehovah's Witnesses"
4200:MENC: The National Association for Music Education
3729:9/11 anniversary: U.S. anthem at UK's royal castle
3471:
3403:
2627:"Official Report to Secretary of War James Monroe"
2621:
2619:
1703:And the Star-Spangled Banner in triumph shall wave
1629:And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave,
1618:That the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,
1608:'Tis the star-spangled banner, O! long may it wave
4870:"A Spanish Version of 'The Star-Spangled Banner'"
4254:"Additional verse for "The Star-Spangled Banner""
3959:Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix
3908:Paul White, USA Today Sports (October 14, 2012).
3775:
3680:"Palace breaks with tradition in musical tribute"
1700:We will keep her bright blazon forever unstained!
1692:If a foe from within strikes a blow at her glory,
1605:In full glory reflected now shines on the stream,
1277:
974:judged the compositions but nominated no winner.
10795:
10424:Presidential transition of Franklin D. Roosevelt
7268:Native American recognition in the United States
3962:(1st. Trade Paperback ed.). New York City:
3837:
3131:"Musical Traditions in Sports: National Anthems"
2945:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2534:Vaise, Vince (Chief Park Ranger, Fort McHenry).
2460:", which many consider the Black National Anthem
2144:In November 2017, the California Chapter of the
1696:The flag of her stars and the page of her story!
1645:Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
1587:O! say does that star-spangled Banner yet wave,
1391:on his guitar, Hendrix was able to simulate the
805:on December 5, 1917, in a program that included
652:in the anthem's lyrics and Key's involvement in
5362:Smithsonian National Museum of American History
2868:"'Star-Spangled Banner' critics miss the point"
2616:
2530:
2528:
1694:Down, down with the traitor who dares to defile
3546:"Aguilera flubs national anthem at Super Bowl"
3348:"Why we sing one verse of the national anthem"
1690:When our land is illum'd with Liberty's smile,
1616:And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
1097:referred to the song's difficulty in his book
996:United States House Committee on the Judiciary
703:
10203:
9710:
9446:
8548:
7665:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States
5849:
5473:
5026:. Navajo.org. January 9, 2007. Archived from
4066:
3932:Personal account about the anthem performance
3157:National Anthem Hearing Is Set For January 31
2980:"File:Star Spangled Banner (Carr) (1814).png"
2489:"Star-Spangled Banner" Is Now Official Anthem
1637:O! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand,
1620:A home and a country should leave us no more?
1574:O! say can you see by the dawn's early light,
1472:also caused some controversy in 2001 (at the
1372:while the "Star-Spangled Banner" played at a
348:
260:, with 15 stars and 15 stripes, known as the
4771:Historical Dictionary of Jehovah's Witnesses
4737:Fundamental freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses
2806:The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery, 1776–1848
2588:
2586:
2584:
2525:
1647:And this be our motto—"In God is our Trust;"
1624:No refuge could save the hireling and slave,
1484:renditions of the song with changed lyrics.
1128:performed wrong lyrics to the song prior to
146:
10589:Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite
4740:. University of Calgary Press. p. 27.
4695:, 270 F. Supp. 2d 616, 622 (E.D. Pa. 2003).
4643:
4040:
3612:
2865:
2685:"The Story Behind the Star Spangled Banner"
2599:
2380:performs "The Star-Spangled Banner" at the
2032:, Smith stated that the gesture was not a "
1988:The 1968 Olympics Black Power salute was a
1681:, looking hopefully at the emancipation of
10210:
10196:
9717:
9703:
9453:
9439:
8555:
8541:
5863:
5856:
5842:
5480:
5466:
5126:
4767:
1823:
1714:References in film, television, literature
487:On September 7, around noon, they spotted
267:The poem was set to the tune of a popular
34:
8903:Baja California & Baja California Sur
7278:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes
3875:
3776:McLaughlin, Timothy; Quackenbush, Casey.
3207:"Company News – Ripley Entertainment Inc"
3149:
3077:
2803:
2581:
2562:
2560:
2483:
2481:
1175:both require venues in both the U.S. and
303:, only the first is commonly sung today.
10707:1928 United States presidential election
5298:. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014.
5241:"Lift Every Voice and Sing | NAACP"
5197:
4069:"Roseanne Is Sorry – but Not That Sorry"
3948:
3946:
3518:Theroux, Alexander (February 16, 2013).
3434:
3306:
3304:
2818:
2362:
2342:
2327:
2110:police-involved killings of George Floyd
2057:
1827:
1549:
1491:'s pre-game ceremonies in 2014, soprano
1308:
1267:on the 20th anniversary of the attacks.
1073:
981:drew a panel in his syndicated cartoon,
856:
836:
707:
377:
366:
352:
10594:Hoover Institution Library and Archives
10498:Belgian American Educational Foundation
7329:List of counties and county equivalents
5127:Sandritter, Mark (September 11, 2016).
5050:"Cherokee Phoenix, Accessed 2009-08-15"
4730:
4142:"Fergie apologises for national anthem"
3838:Michael E. Ruane (September 11, 2014).
3806:
3757:from the original on September 10, 2019
3517:
2992:Clague, Mark, and Jamie Vander Broek. "
1243:, broke with tradition and allowed the
465:. There they learned Beanes was aboard
371:An artist's rendering of the battle at
10796:
5150:Woolf, Christopher (August 30, 2016).
4916:
4867:
4041:Shackleford, Tom (February 13, 2023).
3648:"Fanzone, A–Z Guide: National Anthems"
3398:
3229:
3227:
3073:
3071:
2859:
2557:
2478:
2382:presidential inauguration of Joe Biden
2054:U.S. national anthem kneeling protests
1283:arrangement of the anthem arranged by
472:further down in the Bay. Rear Admiral
10869:National symbols of the United States
10191:
9698:
9434:
8536:
5837:
5489:National symbols of the United States
5461:
5318:Key, Francis Scott (April 24, 1857).
5149:
5074:
5052:. Cherokeephoenix.org. Archived from
3952:
3943:
3819:from the original on November 4, 2019
3788:from the original on December 3, 2019
3695:
3621:"NHL Seeks to Stop Booing For a Song"
3618:
3435:Estrella, Espie (September 2, 2018).
3345:
3301:
2959:
2260:The Star Spangled Banner (circa 2000)
2120:resumed play in July 2020 during the
2090:police brutality in the United States
1953:indigenous languages of North America
1003:passed the bill later that year. The
21:Star-Spangled Banner (disambiguation)
10687:Republican National Convention, 1920
10170:
9634:United States Minor Outlying Islands
3986:
3869:
3604:. September 25, 2017. Archived from
3576:"The Fenway Project – Part One"
2773:
2609:(The Library of America, 2013), pp.
2546:
2544:
736:. This was the official song of the
16:National anthem of the United States
10243:United States Secretary of Commerce
10075:Military Society of the War of 1812
9319:Federal Republic of Central America
5198:Goldberg, Barbara (June 11, 2021).
5120:
4988:"Gallup Independent, 25 March 2005"
4917:Zimmer, Benjamin (April 29, 2006).
3894:University of North Texas Libraries
3678:Graves, David (September 14, 2001)
3524:. Fantagraphics Books. p. 22.
3224:
3068:
2996:". University of Michigan, 2014. 4.
2536:"Birth of the Star Spangled Banner"
2249:1953 instrumental recording by the
2004:during their medal ceremony at the
1922:immigration reform protests in 2006
1344:in Detroit before game five of the
602:National Museum of American History
13:
10289:Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929
10217:
10070:General Society of the War of 1812
9464:of Oceania and the Pacific Islands
5703:America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee)
5251:
5075:Lewis, Richard (October 8, 2006).
4670:. Uscode.house.gov. Archived from
3807:Cherney, Mike (October 14, 2019).
3696:Steyn, Mark (September 17, 2001).
3552:. February 6, 2011. Archived from
2960:Robin, William (August 29, 2016).
2819:Robinson, Jeffery (July 4, 2018).
2670:Johnston, Sally and Pilling, Pat.
2315:Problems playing these files? See
2167:
1007:passed the bill on March 3, 1931.
950:National Federation of Music Clubs
832:
14:
10900:
9841:Assassination of Spencer Perceval
6674:Director of National Intelligence
5429:by William Robin. June 27, 2014,
5351:
3346:Akins, Ravyn (January 28, 2018).
2574:, Baltimore. Vol. 32, 1937. (pp.
2552:Francis Scott Key: Life and Times
2541:
1370:raised fists at the 1968 Olympics
1058:
1030:", whose melody is identical to "
600:, and is today on display in the
299:part. Although the poem has four
10777:
10776:
10643:The Angel of Pennsylvania Avenue
10488:Commission for Relief in Belgium
10461:
10454:
10414:State of the Union Address, 1929
10169:
10160:
10159:
8683:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6830:Government Accountability Office
5233:
5212:
5191:
5166:
5143:
5095:
5068:
5042:
5016:
5006:
4980:
4967:
4937:
4910:
4888:
4861:
4842:
4831:
4813:
4795:
4708:. Towerwatch.com. Archived from
2750:"When the Warrior Returns – Key"
2415:
2401:
2264:
2237:
2212:
2183:
1984:1968 Olympics Black Power salute
1978:1968 Olympics Black Power salute
1890:immigration to the United States
1872:controversies that surround the
1433:gave a soulful rendition before
1403:, becoming "part of the sixties
1340:-style rendition of the song at
821:. The concert was put on by the
256:. Key was inspired by the large
10884:Songs based on American history
10135:Opposition in the United States
10080:United States Daughters of 1812
9724:
5808:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
4810:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4774:. Scarecrow Press. p. 34.
4761:
4724:
4698:
4686:
4660:
4637:
4612:
4587:
4573:
4547:
4527:
4524:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4508:
4489:
4470:
4451:
4434:
4431:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4415:
4412:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4396:
4393:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4377:
4374:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4358:
4355:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4339:
4336:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4320:
4317:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4301:
4298:. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
4282:
4264:
4246:
4219:
4186:
4160:
4134:
4112:
4086:
4067:Letofsky, Irv (July 28, 1990).
4060:
4034:
4009:
3980:
3924:
3901:
3852:
3831:
3800:
3769:
3753:. NBC News. September 8, 2019.
3743:
3720:
3689:
3672:
3640:
3619:Allen, Kevin (March 23, 2003).
3590:
3568:
3538:
3511:
3459:
3428:
3392:
3370:
3339:
3323:
3282:
3265:
3246:
3199:
3166:
3123:
3097:
3078:Cavanaugh, Ray (July 4, 2016).
3059:
3029:
2999:
2986:
2972:
2953:
2911:
2885:
2866:Mark Clague (August 31, 2016).
2848:
2812:
2797:
2767:
2742:
2691:
2677:
2664:
2651:
2596:, Random House, New York. 2013.
2233:The Star-Spangled Banner (1953)
2208:The Star-Spangled Banner (1942)
2179:The Star-Spangled Banner (1915)
1883:
1509:Minnesota Vikings-Detroit Lions
1425:-influenced performance at the
1287:and participation of President
1241:the Queen of the United Kingdom
1190:National Basketball Association
1069:
918:and then more regularly at the
310:in 1889. On March 3, 1931, the
10505:American Relief Administration
10234:President of the United States
9681:Federated States of Micronesia
9502:Federated States of Micronesia
8473:Separation of church and state
6689:National Reconnaissance Office
6632:President of the United States
5675:Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean
5576:Liberty Enlightening the World
4923:reporting of a Samoan version"
4768:Chryssides, George D. (2008).
4258:Star Spangled Music Foundation
2823:– via www.thenation.com.
2632:
2500:
1387:amplification effects and the
1298:
1278:200th anniversary celebrations
1224:, which play in a city on the
760:sang it at Captain McCauley's
672:racist towards Black Americans
430:Under sanction from President
1:
10635:Backstairs at the White House
5682:The Stars and Stripes Forever
5421:Star-Spangled Banner (Memory)
4693:The Circle School v. Phillips
4555:"Tricks on How to Spot a Spy"
4505:. Retrieved December 5, 2007.
4486:. Retrieved December 5, 2007.
4467:. Retrieved December 5, 2007.
4096:. Spinner.com. Archived from
2471:
1973:U.S. national anthem protests
1529:Happy Birthday, Mr. President
1318:United States Army Air Forces
1245:Band of the Coldstream Guards
1159:by order of NFL commissioner
608:. It was restored in 1914 by
421:I am going in the morning to
398:forces in his home after the
10522:Commission for Polish Relief
10370:U.S. occupation of Nicaragua
10341:Federal Home Loan Bank Board
6835:Government Publishing Office
6303:Technological and industrial
5331:. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
4951:. Daltai.com. Archived from
4595:"77th Congress, 2nd session"
4581:"Public Laws, June 22, 1942"
4017:"Grammy Hall of Fame Awards"
3598:"History.com article para 6"
2572:Maryland Historical Magazine
1754:and 2000); two films titled
1099:It All Started With Columbus
823:Oratorio Society of New York
417:to his mother, ending with:
228:. The lyrics come from the "
75:; 251 years ago
7:
10854:Maryland in the War of 1812
10301:Reapportionment Act of 1929
10147:Timeline of the War of 1812
9274:Take Me Home, Country Roads
8307:Women's reproductive health
7273:Federally recognized tribes
7136:Public utilities commission
7040:Public Health Service Corps
6943:Code of Federal Regulations
6825:Congressional Budget Office
6679:Central Intelligence Agency
6585:Water supply and sanitation
6012:Declaration of Independence
5787:Battle Hymn of the Republic
5724:The Army Goes Rolling Along
4821:La Bandera de las Estrellas
4732:Botting, Gary Norman Arthur
4227:"Library of Congress image"
3686:. Retrieved August 24, 2011
3479:Journal of Church and State
3406:Encyclopedia of Nationalism
2722:"Defence of Fort M'Henry".
2570:, May 23, 1849. Reprinted:
2394:
2126:statue of Francis Scott Key
1966:
1393:sounds of rockets and bombs
984:Ripley's Believe it or Not!
704:John Stafford Smith's music
362:Maryland Historical Society
236:written by American lawyer
93:; 93 years ago
10:
10905:
10609:Herbert C. Hoover Building
10336:Federal Home Loan Bank Act
9798:Non-Intercourse Act (1809)
7485:Red states and blue states
7390:City commission government
7385:Council–manager government
5451:19th century version (MP3)
5375:, September 13, 2014 (via
4947:An Bhratach Gheal-Réaltach
4620:"Public law, July 7, 1976"
4170:. Tnap.org. Archived from
3863:November 29, 2014, at the
3582:. May 2004. Archived from
3243:. January 19, 1930. p. 31.
2730:: 433–434. November 1814.
2251:United States Marine Corps
2154:
2092:, before his team's third
2064:Francis Scott Key Monument
2051:
2022:raised a black-gloved fist
1981:
1970:
1314:O'er the ramparts we watch
1302:
1272:2019–20 Hong Kong protests
1062:
849:, marking the site at 601
747:On September 20, both the
349:Francis Scott Key's lyrics
343:
29:"The Star-Spangled Banner"
18:
10814:1814 in the United States
10755:
10720:
10677:
10653:
10576:
10540:
10510:Russian Famine Relief Act
10470:
10452:
10306:Wall Street Crash of 1929
10253:
10225:
10155:
10093:
10065:Laura Secord Legacy Trail
10050:
9994:
9958:
9884:
9854:
9766:
9732:
9649:
9560:
9469:
9303:
9199:South Carolina on My Mind
8984:Where the Columbines Grow
8941:
8888:
8870:
8862:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
8832:
8789:
8766:Newfoundland and Labrador
8751:
8708:
8701:
8575:
8494:
8320:
8193:
8125:
7778:
7774:
7765:
7713:
7578:
7569:
7465:
7436:
7413:
7352:
7319:
7310:
7253:
7241:Comparison of governments
7216:
7179:
7156:
7072:
7052:
6983:
6921:
6843:
6766:
6624:
6615:
6611:
6602:
6324:
6315:
6260:
6220:Post-Cold War (1991–2008)
6061:drafting and ratification
6034:Articles of Confederation
5947:
5881:
5872:
5780:The Washington Post March
5717:Lift Every Voice and Sing
5645:
5608:
5566:
5495:
5358:American Flags collection
4973:Christopher M. Brunelle,
4828:. Retrieved May 31, 2005.
4212:January 26, 2013, at the
3410:. Paragon House. p.
3380:. The Library of Congress
3298:. February 5, 1930. p. 3.
3279:. February 1, 1930. p. 1.
3262:. January 31, 1930. p. 2.
3163:. January 23, 1930. p. 4.
2804:Blackburn, Robin (1988).
2780:. ABC-CLIO. p. 277.
2458:Lift Every Voice and Sing
1675:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
1545:
1247:to perform the anthem at
1235:. On September 12, 2001,
662:Corps of Colonial Marines
641:on their return from the
446:and then south, down the
210:
144:
139:
135:
105:
87:
66:
55:
45:
33:
10824:American patriotic songs
10804:The Star-Spangled Banner
10517:U.S. Food Administration
10375:U.S. occupation of Haiti
10141:The Star-Spangled Banner
10085:War of 1812 Bicentennial
9788:Orders in Council (1807)
9616:Northern Mariana Islands
9146:Northern Mariana Islands
8743:Turks and Caicos Islands
8260:Prescription drug prices
7380:Mayor–council government
7370:Coterminous municipality
7360:Consolidated city-county
7126:Agriculture commissioner
6776:House of Representatives
6684:National Security Agency
6334:Contiguous United States
5654:The Star-Spangled Banner
5398:, Mary Carole McCauley,
4851:The Star Spangled Banner
4803:Das Star-Spangled Banner
4423:Twilight's Last Gleaming
4404:Twilight's Last Gleaming
4195:The Star Spangled Banner
3937:October 8, 2015, at the
2736:2027/umn.31951000925404p
2465:My Country, 'Tis of Thee
2160:
2155:some interpret as racist
2076:National Football League
1955:, there are versions in
1784:; and four films titled
1776:Twilight's Last Gleaming
1527:'s 1962 performance of "
1385:high gain and distortion
1053:The Star Spangled Banner
1028:My Country, 'Tis of Thee
1001:House of Representatives
992:Veterans of Foreign Wars
783:U.S. Bureau of Education
546:During the bombardment,
392:Upper Marlboro, Maryland
386:" that inspired the poem
382:The 15-star, 15-stripe "
218:The Star-Spangled Banner
123:My Country, 'Tis of Thee
10768:Franklin D. Roosevelt →
10666:English translation of
10346:Federal Home Loan Banks
10311:Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act
10119:The Hunters of Kentucky
9279:The West Virginia Hills
8819:Sint Eustatius (Statia)
8345:Criticism of government
7690:Social welfare programs
7283:State-recognized tribes
6268:Outline of U.S. history
5980:Continental Association
5801:You're a Grand Old Flag
4894:David Émile Marcantel,
4522:Internet Movie Database
4503:Internet Movie Database
4484:Internet Movie Database
4465:Internet Movie Database
4447:Internet Movie Database
4429:Internet Movie Database
4410:Internet Movie Database
4391:Internet Movie Database
4372:Internet Movie Database
4353:Internet Movie Database
4334:Internet Movie Database
4315:Internet Movie Database
4296:Internet Movie Database
4203:National Anthem Project
4122:. WJBK. August 13, 2018
3813:The Wall Street Journal
3174:"Music: Russian Rebuke"
3011:Oratoriosocietyofny.org
2836:Cite magazine requires
2196:Margaret Woodrow Wilson
1990:political demonstration
1824:Customs and federal law
1804:). A 1936 short titled
1538:, was launched after a
1536:National Anthem Project
1155:games since the end of
933:Between 1918 and 1929,
793:, Arnold J. Gantvoort,
732:", by English composer
606:Smithsonian Institution
230:Defence of Fort M'Henry
47:National anthem of the
10874:North American anthems
10563:Lou Henry Hoover House
10007:William Henry Harrison
9214:My Homeland, Tennessee
8728:British Virgin Islands
8407:Environmental movement
8250:Health insurance costs
8145:Educational attainment
7670:Federal Reserve System
7628:Science and technology
7131:Insurance commissioner
6669:Intelligence Community
6364:minor outlying islands
6127:Civil rights movement
5815:This Land Is Your Land
4826:US Library of Congress
4808:US Library of Congress
4535:"The Song of a Nation"
3608:on September 16, 2018.
3320:. March 4, 1931. p. 1.
2774:Vile, John R. (2021).
2724:The Analectic Magazine
2645:April 3, 2014, at the
2550:Delaplaine, Edward S.
2497:. March 5, 1931. p. 3.
2385:
2356:
2338:
2172:
2071:
1914:Latin American Spanish
1912:by Jewish immigrants,
1837:
1711:
1658:
1566:
1427:1983 NBA All-Star Game
1321:
1222:National Hockey League
1169:National Hockey League
1118:
1086:
935:John Charles Linthicum
900:seventh-inning stretch
872:A plaque displayed at
862:
854:
819:The Children's Crusade
725:
676:University of Michigan
623:The Analectic Magazine
594:Mary Young Pickersgill
491:near the mouth of the
461:near the mouth of the
428:
387:
375:
364:
187:
10748:(great-granddaughter)
10558:Hoover–Minthorn House
10493:University Foundation
10429:Judicial appointments
10402:Medicine Ball Cabinet
10130:Opposition in Britain
9828:Monroe–Pinkney Treaty
9803:Macon's Bill Number 2
8673:Saint Kitts and Nevis
8233:Immigrant health care
7748:Transportation safety
7743:Transportation policy
7733:Public transportation
6803:President pro tempore
6659:Executive departments
6428:National Park Service
6083:Territorial evolution
5822:Battle Cry of Freedom
5773:National Emblem March
5668:America the Beautiful
5276:Clague, Mark (2022).
4903:May 17, 2013, at the
4712:on September 18, 2009
3987:Roby, Steven (2012).
3468:Mourtada-Sabbah, Nada
2605:Hickey, Donald (ed.)
2568:The Baltimore Patriot
2432:America the Beautiful
2376:
2354:
2336:
2171:
2061:
1900:also has record of a
1831:
1816:'s 1980 short story "
1810:Warner Bros. Pictures
1748:By Dawn's Early Light
1742:(2000 and 2005); two
1735:By Dawn's Early Light
1687:
1571:
1553:
1512:Thanksgiving Day game
1478:AFC Championship Game
1401:1970 documentary film
1368:lifted controversial
1332:singer and guitarist
1312:
1257:Changing of the Guard
1186:Major League Baseball
1103:
1077:
1042:America the Beautiful
977:On November 3, 1929,
955:America The Beautiful
860:
840:
768:, then editor of the
711:
476:assigned the frigate
419:
400:Burning of Washington
381:
370:
356:
289:To Anacreon in Heaven
186:
10889:Songs based on poems
10844:José Feliciano songs
10834:History of Baltimore
10331:Mexican Repatriation
9368:Netherlands Antilles
8776:Prince Edward Island
8402:Environmental issues
8067:Political ideologies
7966:Indigenous languages
7166:List of legislatures
6963:separation of powers
6664:Independent agencies
6590:World Heritage Sites
6225:September 11 attacks
6148:Spanish–American War
6088:Mexican–American War
6044:Confederation period
5975:Continental Congress
5543:Pledge of Allegiance
5533:General Grant (tree)
5056:on September 8, 2009
4975:Third Verse in Latin
4955:on December 10, 2010
4925:. Itre.cis.upenn.edu
3995:. pp. 221–222.
3993:Chicago Review Press
3966:. pp. 271–272.
3732:, September 11, 2021
3665:First Niagara Center
3556:on February 10, 2011
3492:10.1093/jcs/44.4.671
3137:on February 22, 2014
2423:United States portal
2118:2019-2020 NBA season
2006:1968 Summer Olympics
1874:Pledge of Allegiance
1818:No Refuge Could Save
1806:The Song of a Nation
1554:Sheet music version
1261:St. Paul's Cathedral
1255:, at the ceremonial
1233:September 11 attacks
1192:games involving the
1179:to perform both the
843:commemorative plaque
730:The Anacreontic Song
718:Gloucester Cathedral
631:The Anacreontic Song
604:, a treasure of the
598:Star-Spangled Banner
457:and several British
384:Star-Spangled Banner
262:Star-Spangled Banner
10527:Finnish Relief Fund
10478:Sons of Gwalia mine
10382:London Naval Treaty
10326:Revenue Act of 1932
10321:Economy Act of 1932
9793:Embargo Act of 1807
9246:U.S. Virgin Islands
9234:Smoky Mountain Rain
9054:You Are My Sunshine
8979:Rocky Mountain High
8710:British West Indies
8688:Trinidad and Tobago
8583:Antigua and Barbuda
8245:Health care finance
7738:Rail transportation
7504:Imperial presidency
7226:State constitutions
7171:List of legislators
7121:Auditor/Comptroller
7094:Lieutenant governor
6820:Library of Congress
6711:Diplomatic Security
6354:Indian reservations
6017:American Revolution
5629:Novus ordo seclorum
5574:Statue of Liberty (
5261:(August 13, 2019).
5107:Washington Examiner
5030:on December 2, 2008
4994:on February 3, 2010
4897:La Bannière Étoilée
4232:Library of Congress
4192:Francis Scott Key,
4174:on January 12, 2011
4148:. February 20, 2018
3845:The Washington Post
3782:The Washington Post
3684:The Daily Telegraph
3586:on January 1, 2016.
3259:The Washington Post
3211:Ripleysnewsroom.com
2808:. pp. 288–290.
2629:, 24 September 2014
2494:The Washington Post
2080:San Francisco 49ers
1951:With regard to the
1920:popularized during
1898:Library of Congress
1878:Jehovah's Witnesses
1738:; two films titled
1458:Jack Murphy Stadium
1413:Grammy Hall of Fame
1173:Major League Soccer
1140:, according to the
902:of Game One of the
851:Pennsylvania Avenue
738:Anacreontic Society
734:John Stafford Smith
714:John Stafford Smith
277:Anacreontic Society
273:John Stafford Smith
250:Battle of Baltimore
71:John Stafford Smith
30:
10839:Jimi Hendrix songs
10734:Herbert Hoover Jr.
10614:U.S. Postage stamp
10604:Hoover Institution
10294:Federal Farm Board
9966:Illinois Territory
9846:Declaration of war
9335:Confederate States
9327:Confederate States
8872:Kingdom of Denmark
8834:French West Indies
8623:Dominican Republic
8355:affirmative action
8328:Capital punishment
8287:Poverty and health
8282:Physician shortage
8255:Health care prices
8185:Standard of living
7868:standard of living
7675:Financial position
7302:Hawaiian home land
7290:Indian reservation
7263:Tribal sovereignty
7106:Secretary of state
6975:United States Code
6891:Territorial courts
6863:Associate Justices
6748:Inspector generals
6235:War in Afghanistan
6098:Reconstruction era
5965:Stamp Act Congress
5752:The Air Force Song
5431:The New York Times
4442:Rocket's Red Glare
4385:So Proudly We Hail
4366:So Proudly We Hail
4347:Dawn's Early Light
4328:Dawn's Early Light
4309:Dawn's Early Light
4290:Dawn's Early Light
3580:Red Sox Connection
3317:The New York Times
3295:The New York Times
3277:The New York Times
3240:The New York Times
3017:on August 21, 2016
2924:The New York Times
2386:
2357:
2339:
2173:
2072:
1838:
1834:Tacoma, Washington
1781:Rocket's Red Glare
1756:So Proudly We Hail
1740:Dawn's Early Light
1725:Red Rocket's Glare
1679:American Civil War
1661:Alternative lyrics
1567:
1540:Harris Interactive
1322:
1146:The Fenway Project
1126:Christina Aguilera
1087:
1016:United States Code
964:Frederick Converse
863:
855:
771:Analectic Magazine
726:
618:Indian Queen Hotel
508:Alexander Cochrane
404:Raid on Alexandria
394:, was arrested by
388:
376:
365:
308:United States Navy
188:
28:
10849:Marvin Gaye songs
10829:Francis Scott Key
10809:1814 compositions
10791:
10790:
10761:← Calvin Coolidge
10638:(1979 miniseries)
10532:Hoover Commission
10387:Hoover Moratorium
10185:
10184:
10107:The Bold Canadian
9971:Indiana Territory
9895:Queenston Heights
9692:
9691:
9640:Wallis and Futuna
9428:
9427:
9299:
9298:
9049:Give Me Louisiana
8530:
8529:
8490:
8489:
8486:
8485:
8456:National security
8165:Income inequality
8045:Statue of Liberty
7848:income inequality
7761:
7760:
7753:Trucking industry
7565:
7564:
7561:
7560:
7492:Foreign relations
7480:Electoral College
7461:
7460:
7249:
7248:
7201:District attorney
7048:
7047:
6875:Courts of appeals
6598:
6597:
6311:
6310:
6252:COVID-19 pandemic
6205:Feminist Movement
6051:American frontier
5970:Thirteen Colonies
5831:
5830:
5710:God Bless America
5689:Hail to the Chief
5598:West Potomac Park
5401:The Baltimore Sun
5268:Los Angeles Times
5259:Christgau, Robert
4856:McGill University
4781:978-0-8108-6074-2
4747:978-1-895176-06-3
4644:Duane Streufert.
4516:Home of the Brave
4497:Home of the Brave
4478:Home of the Brave
4459:Home of the Brave
4073:Los Angeles Times
4002:978-1-61374-322-5
3954:Cross, Charles R.
3358:on March 30, 2023
3161:The Baltimore Sun
2899:. August 28, 2016
2787:978-1-4408-7319-5
2657:Sheads, Scott S.
2439:God Bless America
2392:
2391:
2374:
2352:
2334:
2302:
2244:
2218:
2189:
2122:COVID-19 pandemic
2036:" salute, but a "
1786:Home of the Brave
1489:Super Bowl XLVIII
1466:George H. W. Bush
1456:baseball game at
1346:1968 World Series
1249:Buckingham Palace
1194:Toronto Blue Jays
1032:God Save the King
904:1918 World Series
825:and conducted by
799:John Philip Sousa
766:Washington Irving
749:Baltimore Patriot
643:First Barbary War
506:and Vice-Admiral
358:Francis Scott Key
287:. Smiths' song, "
238:Francis Scott Key
214:
213:
184:
60:Francis Scott Key
10896:
10879:Oceanian anthems
10864:National anthems
10780:
10779:
10728:Lou Henry Hoover
10661:Freedom Betrayed
10483:Zinc Corporation
10465:
10458:
10441:Executive Orders
10392:Stimson Doctrine
10246:
10237:
10212:
10205:
10198:
10189:
10188:
10173:
10172:
10163:
10162:
9719:
9712:
9705:
9696:
9695:
9685:
9677:
9673:Marshall Islands
9669:
9661:
9622:Pitcairn Islands
9586:French Polynesia
9561:Regional anthems
9527:Papua New Guinea
9497:Marshall Islands
9470:National anthems
9462:National anthems
9455:
9448:
9441:
9432:
9431:
9421:
9418:(United States)
9412:
9404:
9396:
9388:
9380:
9372:
9364:
9361:(United States)
9355:
9347:
9339:
9331:
9323:
9315:
8852:Saint-Barthélemy
8706:
8705:
8576:Sovereign states
8570:of North America
8568:regional anthems
8557:
8550:
8543:
8534:
8533:
8510:
8503:
8390:African American
8272:Health insurance
8160:Household income
8030:National symbols
7961:American English
7934:Federal holidays
7843:household income
7776:
7775:
7772:
7771:
7576:
7575:
7514:Anti-Americanism
7438:Special district
7365:Independent city
7334:County executive
7317:
7316:
7111:Attorney general
7070:
7069:
7059:Federal District
6642:Executive Office
6622:
6621:
6613:
6612:
6609:
6608:
6369:populated places
6349:federal enclaves
6344:federal district
6322:
6321:
6185:American Century
6168:Great Depression
6163:Roaring Twenties
6123:Women's suffrage
6002:Halifax Resolves
5995:Founding Fathers
5990:military history
5955:Pre-colonial era
5879:
5878:
5858:
5851:
5844:
5835:
5834:
5482:
5475:
5468:
5459:
5458:
5445:American History
5404:, July 26, 2014.
5395:
5372:CBS This Morning
5323:
5291:
5280:. W. W. Norton.
5272:
5245:
5244:
5237:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5195:
5189:
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5136:
5124:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5088:
5081:The Sunday Times
5072:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5020:
5014:
5010:
5004:
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4999:
4984:
4978:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4949:– Irish version"
4941:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
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4908:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4865:
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4799:
4793:
4792:
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4765:
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4721:
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4696:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4641:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4624:uscode.house.gov
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4599:uscode.house.gov
4591:
4585:
4584:
4583:. June 22, 1942.
4577:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4531:
4525:
4512:
4506:
4493:
4487:
4474:
4468:
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4449:
4438:
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4400:
4394:
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4362:
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4343:
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4318:
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4280:
4279:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4223:
4217:
4198:(lyrics), 1814,
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4179:
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4131:
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3978:
3977:
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3921:
3919:
3917:
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3899:
3897:
3885:
3873:
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3849:
3835:
3829:
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3824:
3804:
3798:
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3793:
3773:
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3764:
3762:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3708:on June 15, 2013
3704:. Archived from
3693:
3687:
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3670:
3669:
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3658:
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3633:
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3432:
3426:
3425:
3409:
3400:Snyder, Lois Leo
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3354:. Archived from
3352:StamfordAdvocate
3343:
3337:
3327:
3321:
3308:
3299:
3286:
3280:
3269:
3263:
3250:
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3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3170:
3164:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3133:. Archived from
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3109:Baseballisms.com
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3075:
3066:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3047:on March 5, 2016
3043:. Archived from
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3013:. Archived from
3003:
2997:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2982:. November 1814.
2976:
2970:
2969:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2944:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2897:Theintercept.com
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2863:
2857:
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2834:
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2675:
2668:
2662:
2655:
2649:
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2323:
2304:
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2246:
2245:
2220:
2219:
2191:
2190:
2170:
2086:Colin Kaepernick
1994:African-American
1902:Spanish-language
1746:features titled
1708:
1704:
1655:
1651:
1634:
1630:
1613:
1609:
1592:
1588:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1474:Indianapolis 500
1454:San Diego Padres
1410:
1226:Canada–US border
1115:
939:U.S. congressman
885:Daniel S. Lamont
882:Secretary of War
867:Independence Day
847:Washington, D.C.
758:Ferdinand Durang
658:British military
474:Pulteney Malcolm
436:Washington, D.C.
339:
316:joint resolution
185:
101:
99:
94:
83:
81:
76:
38:
31:
27:
10904:
10903:
10899:
10898:
10897:
10895:
10894:
10893:
10794:
10793:
10792:
10787:
10751:
10746:Margaret Hoover
10716:
10673:
10668:De re metallica
10649:
10572:
10536:
10466:
10460:
10459:
10450:
10316:National anthem
10257:
10249:
10240:
10229:
10221:
10216:
10186:
10181:
10151:
10125:Napoleonic Wars
10089:
10046:
10022:Edward Pakenham
9990:
9954:
9880:
9856:
9850:
9762:
9761:
9728:
9723:
9693:
9688:
9683:
9675:
9667:
9659:
9645:
9556:
9537:Solomon Islands
9465:
9459:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9410:
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9394:
9386:
9378:
9370:
9362:
9353:
9345:
9337:
9329:
9321:
9313:
9295:
9219:Tennessee Waltz
9190:South Carolina
8937:
8884:
8866:
8828:
8791:Dutch Caribbean
8785:
8747:
8697:
8571:
8561:
8531:
8526:
8513:
8506:
8499:
8482:
8468:Opioid epidemic
8385:Native American
8365:intersex rights
8316:
8312:Life expectancy
8302:Medical deserts
8292:Race and health
8189:
8175:Personal income
8121:
8025:National anthem
7858:personal income
7823:Economic issues
7757:
7709:
7557:
7457:
7446:School district
7432:
7415:Minor divisions
7409:
7348:
7306:
7245:
7231:Statutory codes
7212:
7175:
7152:
7062:
7057:
7044:
6979:
6936:civil liberties
6917:
6908:Other tribunals
6887:District courts
6839:
6798:current members
6781:current members
6762:
6696:Law enforcement
6594:
6307:
6256:
6247:Great Recession
6118:Progressive Era
6108:Native genocide
6039:Perpetual Union
6027:Treaty of Paris
5985:United Colonies
5943:
5868:
5862:
5832:
5827:
5641:
5622:E pluribus unum
5616:In God We Trust
5604:
5562:
5491:
5486:
5417:, July 4, 2017.
5393:
5354:
5327:Leepson, Marc.
5317:
5288:
5275:
5257:
5254:
5252:Further reading
5249:
5248:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5224:
5222:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5196:
5192:
5182:
5180:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5157:
5155:
5148:
5144:
5134:
5132:
5125:
5121:
5111:
5109:
5101:
5100:
5096:
5086:
5084:
5073:
5069:
5059:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5033:
5031:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5011:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4972:
4968:
4958:
4956:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4928:
4926:
4915:
4911:
4905:Wayback Machine
4893:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4866:
4862:
4847:
4843:
4836:
4832:
4818:
4814:
4800:
4796:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4766:
4762:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4729:
4725:
4715:
4713:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4691:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4674:on May 29, 2012
4666:
4665:
4661:
4651:
4649:
4642:
4638:
4628:
4626:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4564:
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4553:
4552:
4548:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4513:
4509:
4494:
4490:
4475:
4471:
4456:
4452:
4439:
4435:
4420:
4416:
4401:
4397:
4382:
4378:
4363:
4359:
4344:
4340:
4325:
4321:
4306:
4302:
4287:
4283:
4278:. July 4, 2017.
4270:
4269:
4265:
4260:. July 5, 2022.
4252:
4251:
4247:
4237:
4235:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4216:on 2013-01-26).
4214:Wayback Machine
4205:(archived from
4191:
4187:
4177:
4175:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4151:
4149:
4140:
4139:
4135:
4125:
4123:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4103:
4101:
4100:on May 25, 2013
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3930:Jose Feliciano
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2010:Olympic Stadium
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1888:As a result of
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1876:. For example,
1870:First Amendment
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1198:Toronto Raptors
1107:
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1049:In God We Trust
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833:National anthem
827:Walter Damrosch
787:Walter Damrosch
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635:Stephen Decatur
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10279:Foreign policy
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7194:Chief justices
7189:Supreme courts
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6931:Bill of Rights
6927:
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6901:list of judges
6898:
6896:list of courts
6884:
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6880:list of judges
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6815:Capitol Police
6812:
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6649:Vice President
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6386:Extreme points
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6070:
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6066:Bill of Rights
6063:
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6007:Lee Resolution
6004:
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5731:Anchors Aweigh
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5447:, May 15, 2014
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5294:Ferris, Marc.
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3912:. Usatoday.com
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3889:Pop Chronicles
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3111:. May 21, 2011
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1673:In 1861, poet
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1525:Marilyn Monroe
1462:protective cup
1439:José Feliciano
1435:Super Bowl XXV
1374:medal ceremony
1334:José Feliciano
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1265:Windsor Castle
1218:Buffalo Sabres
1202:All Star Games
1130:Super Bowl XLV
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1059:Modern history
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1024:Hail, Columbia
1012:Herbert Hoover
968:Felix Borowski
960:Frank Damrosch
914:ceremonies in
896:Woodrow Wilson
869:celebrations.
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815:Gabriel Pierné
779:Woodrow Wilson
712:A memorial to
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498:It was aboard
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8397:Energy policy
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8338:incarceration
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8223:Prenatal care
8221:
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8218:Birth control
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8155:Homeownership
8153:
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7878:working class
7876:
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7838:homeownership
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5865:United States
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5794:Yankee Doodle
5791:
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5774:
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5738:Marines' Hymn
5735:
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5636:Annuit cœptis
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5593:National Mall
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5387:Biography.com
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5304:9781421415185
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5287:9780393651393
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5135:September 20,
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4561:. May 7, 2016
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4052:September 26,
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4021:Grammy Awards
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3994:
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3486:(4): 682–83.
3485:
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3441:thoughtco.com
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2130:June 19, 2020
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2042:Olympic Games
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1992:conducted by
1991:
1985:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1954:
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1947:
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1791:
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1770:(2005) and a
1769:
1766:(1977) and a
1765:
1762:and 1990); a
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1493:Renée Fleming
1490:
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1471:
1467:
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1450:Roseanne Barr
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1342:Tiger Stadium
1339:
1335:
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1327:
1326:popular music
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1293:Defenders Day
1290:
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1285:John Williams
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1124:. Pop singer
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924:New York City
921:
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888:
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803:Carnegie Hall
800:
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795:Oscar Sonneck
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684:Gene A. Smith
681:
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619:
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610:Amelia Fowler
607:
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484:was located.
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312:U.S. Congress
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49:United States
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10766:
10759:
10740:Allan Hoover
10667:
10660:
10641:
10633:
10629:Hoover Field
10624:Hoover Chair
10619:Hoover Medal
10599:Hoover Tower
10584:Bibliography
10568:Rapidan Camp
10471:Other events
10315:
10274:Inauguration
10175:
10140:
10101:Bibliography
9935:Lundy's Lane
9866:Northwestern
9855:Theaters and
9833:
9823:Rule of 1756
9780:
9776:
9633:
9574:Bougainville
9482:Cook Islands
9206:South Dakota
9186:Rhode Island
9176:Pennsylvania
9141:North Dakota
8857:Saint Martin
8824:Sint Maarten
8692:
8439:Human rights
8419:Gun politics
8370:Islamophobia
8360:antisemitism
8228:Hospice care
8170:Middle class
8150:Homelessness
8127:Social class
8087:Social class
8024:
7951:Human rights
7941:Homelessness
7853:middle class
7818:Demographics
7793:Architecture
7700:Unemployment
7680:Labor unions
7428:Town meeting
7405:City council
7400:City manager
7141:State police
7003:Marine Corps
6993:Armed Forces
6968:civil rights
6948:Constitution
6520:Southwestern
6515:Southeastern
6505:Northwestern
6500:Northeastern
6465:Mid-Atlantic
6455:Great Plains
6173:World War II
6056:Constitution
5960:Colonial era
5939:2008–present
5766:Semper Supra
5653:
5634:
5627:
5620:
5583:Liberty Bell
5575:
5528:Phrygian cap
5444:
5430:
5414:Here and Now
5412:
5399:
5370:
5328:
5295:
5277:
5266:
5235:
5223:. Retrieved
5214:
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5193:
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5178:The Guardian
5177:
5168:
5156:. Retrieved
5145:
5133:. Retrieved
5122:
5110:. Retrieved
5106:
5097:
5085:. Retrieved
5080:
5070:
5058:. Retrieved
5054:the original
5044:
5032:. Retrieved
5028:the original
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5008:
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4992:the original
4982:
4969:
4957:. Retrieved
4953:the original
4946:
4939:
4927:. Retrieved
4920:
4912:
4896:
4890:
4878:. Retrieved
4873:
4868:Day to Day.
4863:
4850:
4844:
4833:
4820:
4815:
4802:
4797:
4785:. Retrieved
4770:
4763:
4753:December 13,
4751:. Retrieved
4736:
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4710:the original
4700:
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4688:
4676:. Retrieved
4672:the original
4662:
4650:. Retrieved
4648:. USFlag.org
4639:
4627:. Retrieved
4623:
4614:
4602:. Retrieved
4598:
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4575:
4563:. Retrieved
4558:
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4230:
4221:
4207:the original
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4188:
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4172:the original
4162:
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4145:
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4124:. Retrieved
4114:
4102:. Retrieved
4098:the original
4088:
4076:. Retrieved
4072:
4062:
4050:. Retrieved
4046:
4036:
4024:. Retrieved
4011:
3988:
3982:
3957:
3926:
3914:. Retrieved
3903:
3887:
3871:
3854:
3843:
3833:
3821:. Retrieved
3812:
3802:
3790:. Retrieved
3781:
3771:
3759:. Retrieved
3745:
3734:, retrieved
3728:
3722:
3710:. Retrieved
3706:the original
3701:
3691:
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3674:
3662:
3657:November 20,
3655:. Retrieved
3651:
3642:
3630:. Retrieved
3624:
3614:
3606:the original
3601:
3592:
3584:the original
3579:
3570:
3558:. Retrieved
3554:the original
3549:
3540:
3520:
3513:
3502:– via
3483:
3477:
3461:
3452:
3447:November 14,
3445:. Retrieved
3440:
3430:
3405:
3394:
3382:. Retrieved
3372:
3360:. Retrieved
3356:the original
3351:
3341:
3325:
3315:
3293:
3284:
3276:
3267:
3257:
3248:
3238:
3214:. Retrieved
3210:
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3177:
3168:
3160:
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:the original
3125:
3113:. Retrieved
3108:
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3084:The Guardian
3083:
3061:
3049:. Retrieved
3045:the original
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3015:the original
3010:
3001:
2988:
2974:
2965:
2955:
2929:. Retrieved
2922:
2913:
2901:. Retrieved
2896:
2887:
2875:. Retrieved
2871:
2861:
2850:
2814:
2805:
2799:
2791:
2776:
2769:
2757:. Retrieved
2753:
2744:
2727:
2723:
2702:. Retrieved
2693:
2679:
2671:
2666:
2658:
2653:
2634:
2606:
2601:
2593:
2571:
2567:
2551:
2515:. Retrieved
2511:
2502:
2492:
2409:Music portal
2314:
2143:
2102:Donald Trump
2073:
2062:The defaced
2038:human rights
2029:
2026:Peter Norman
1998:Tommie Smith
1987:
1950:
1887:
1884:Translations
1860:The text of
1859:
1848:
1839:
1832:A plaque in
1814:Isaac Asimov
1805:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1764:feature film
1755:
1747:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1689:
1672:
1669:Fifth stanza
1668:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1573:
1568:
1533:
1486:
1470:Steven Tyler
1443:
1417:
1381:Jimi Hendrix
1378:
1362:Tommie Smith
1330:Puerto Rican
1323:
1313:
1289:Barack Obama
1281:
1269:
1237:Elizabeth II
1230:
1161:Elmer Layden
1150:
1145:
1144:publication
1119:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1088:
1070:Performances
1052:
1046:
1035:
1021:
989:
982:
976:
972:Peter Lutkin
953:
947:
932:
928:World War II
920:Polo Grounds
916:Philadelphia
889:
878:South Dakota
871:
864:
818:
810:
807:Edward Elgar
791:Will Earhart
776:
769:
753:The American
752:
748:
746:
727:
695:
688:Marc Leepson
665:
647:
628:
621:
614:
587:
580:
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568:
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488:
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481:
477:
468:
453:
429:
420:
412:
408:British Army
389:
373:Fort McHenry
305:
269:British song
266:
242:Fort McHenry
229:
217:
215:
140:Audio sample
126:
114:
25:
10859:Mondegreens
10646:(1996 film)
10446:Hoover desk
10365:Banana Wars
10353:Hooverville
10245:(1921–1928)
10236:(1929–1933)
10027:Robert Ross
10002:Isaac Brock
9959:Involvement
9950:New Orleans
9940:Bladensburg
9920:Chateauguay
9910:Beaver Dams
9834:Little Belt
9749:Involvement
9726:War of 1812
9612:(Australia)
9512:New Zealand
9420:(1940-1997)
9411:(1831–1931)
9403:(1789–1931)
9395:(1893–1910)
9387:(1889–1893)
9379:(1876–1889)
9371:(2000–2010)
9363:(1937–2021)
9354:(1893–1903)
9346:(1967–1974)
9338:(1861–1865)
9330:(1861–1865)
9322:(1823–1839)
9314:(1833-1867)
9181:Puerto Rico
9110:New Mexico
9081:Mississippi
8991:Connecticut
8678:Saint Lucia
8628:El Salvador
8444:Immigration
8375:LGBT rights
8277:Food safety
8112:Video games
7705:Wall Street
7685:Public debt
7588:Agriculture
7524:nationalism
7236:Uniform act
7158:Legislative
7065:Territorial
7023:Coast Guard
7018:Space Force
6768:Legislative
6563:Red (South)
6553:Mississippi
6475:New England
6411:Appalachian
6381:Earthquakes
6278:Discoveries
6273:Demographic
6215:Vietnam War
6158:World War I
6153:Imperialism
6103:Indian Wars
6078:War of 1812
5225:November 8,
5154:. The World
5131:. SB Nation
5087:November 9,
4787:January 24,
4668:"U.S. Code"
4629:October 21,
4604:October 21,
4104:November 9,
4026:January 30,
3991:. Chicago:
3916:November 9,
3823:December 6,
3792:December 6,
3761:December 6,
3632:October 29,
3602:History.com
3560:February 7,
3443:. ThoughtCo
3384:January 20,
3141:February 3,
2224:Fred Waring
2116:, when the
2106:profanities
2083:quarterback
2034:Black Power
2014:Mexico City
2002:John Carlos
1918:one version
1744:made-for-TV
1501:Fox network
1419:Marvin Gaye
1389:vibrato arm
1366:John Carlos
1358:Vietnam War
1299:Adaptations
1270:During the
1138:Fenway Park
1093:. Humorist
1080:Coors Field
912:Opening Day
781:tasked the
569:Devastation
504:Robert Ross
281:social club
271:written by
254:War of 1812
248:during the
106:Preceded by
10819:1814 poems
10798:Categories
10548:Early life
10407:Hooverball
10358:Bonus Army
10284:Hoover Dam
10269:Transition
10255:Presidency
10060:The Eighth
9905:Frenchtown
9871:Chesapeake
9777:Chesapeake
9266:Washington
9210:Tennessee
9045:Louisiana
8971:California
8847:Martinique
8842:Guadeloupe
8738:Montserrat
8608:Costa Rica
8478:Xenophobia
8267:Disability
8208:Healthcare
8117:Visual art
8062:Philosophy
8008:television
7998:newspapers
7988:journalism
7978:Literature
7890:attainment
7541:Republican
7536:Democratic
7509:Ideologies
7470:Corruption
7035:NOAA Corps
6958:preemption
6953:federalism
6568:Rio Grande
6470:Midwestern
6450:West Coast
6445:East Coast
6288:Inventions
6200:Space Race
6195:Korean War
6178:home front
6113:Gilded Age
5513:Bald eagle
5508:Great Seal
5433:, p. AR10.
4921:Samoa News
4152:October 1,
4126:August 13,
3504:HeinOnline
3334:§ 301
2472:References
2317:media help
1866:§ 301
1855:§ 301
1482:a cappella
1348:, between
1324:The first
1316:in a 1945
1303:See also:
1122:lip-synced
1108: [
874:Fort Meade
722:Gloucester
667:The Nation
459:troopships
415:Georgetown
246:Royal Navy
10679:Elections
10113:Creek War
10052:Aftermath
9858:campaigns
9818:War hawks
9755:Aftermath
9743:Campaigns
9684:(1979–91)
9676:(1977–91)
9668:(1866–76)
9660:(1860–66)
9477:Australia
9392:Nicaragua
9384:Nicaragua
9376:Nicaragua
9286:Wisconsin
9229:Tennessee
9224:Rocky Top
9155:Oklahoma
9114:Bilingual
9076:Minnesota
8975:Colorado
8933:Zacatecas
8880:Greenland
8663:Nicaragua
8638:Guatemala
8461:Terrorism
8238:Rationing
8135:Affluence
8082:Sexuality
8050:Uncle Sam
7956:Languages
7885:Education
7828:affluence
7788:Americana
7715:Transport
7613:Insurance
7603:Companies
7583:By sector
7475:Elections
7116:Treasurer
7074:Executive
7013:Air Force
6985:Uniformed
6808:President
6625:Executive
6396:Mountains
6329:Territory
6317:Geography
6141:1954–1968
6136:1896–1954
6131:1865–1896
6093:Civil War
5934:1991–2008
5929:1980–1991
5924:1964–1980
5919:1945–1964
5914:1917–1945
5909:1865–1917
5904:1849–1865
5899:1815–1849
5894:1789–1815
5889:1776–1789
5882:By period
5567:Landmarks
5518:Uncle Sam
5411:". NPR's
5345:860395373
5312:879370575
5158:August 1,
4349:TV (2000)
4330:TV (1990)
3736:March 10,
3712:April 10,
3626:USA Today
3500:0021-969X
3362:March 30,
3216:April 18,
3191:April 15,
3186:0040-781X
3115:April 18,
3051:April 18,
3021:April 18,
2941:cite news
2931:April 18,
2903:April 18,
2877:April 18,
2759:April 18,
2704:April 27,
2517:April 18,
2378:Lady Gaga
2136:in 1619.
2094:preseason
2068:Baltimore
2018:200-meter
1996:athletes
1934:Louisiana
1444:Billboard
1415:in 2009.
1405:Zeitgeist
1397:Woodstock
1354:St. Louis
1009:President
990:In 1930,
892:U.S. Navy
742:broadside
724:, England
590:U.S. flag
454:Royal Oak
440:Baltimore
423:Baltimore
333:36 U.S.C.
318:(46
314:passed a
258:U.S. flag
220:" is the
10782:Category
10260:timeline
10165:Category
10042:Tecumseh
9976:Kentucky
9930:Chippawa
9740:Theaters
9642:(France)
9606:(France)
9588:(France)
9492:Kiribati
9416:Virginia
9359:Maryland
9261:Virginia
9194:Carolina
9159:Oklahoma
9131:New York
9096:Nebraska
9086:Missouri
9071:Michigan
9041:Kentucky
9021:Illinois
8996:Delaware
8966:Arkansas
8923:Tlaxcala
8913:Coahuila
8718:Anguilla
8648:Honduras
8618:Dominica
8593:Barbados
8564:National
8517:Category
8213:Abortion
8077:Religion
8035:Columbia
7993:internet
7929:Holidays
7924:Folklore
7895:literacy
7833:eviction
7723:Aviation
7695:Taxation
7650:Currency
7643:by state
7553:Scandals
7423:Township
7181:Judicial
7082:Governor
6845:Judicial
6731:Marshals
6604:Politics
6558:Missouri
6548:Columbia
6543:Colorado
6538:Arkansas
6531:Longest
6510:Southern
6495:Northern
6339:counties
6293:Military
6283:Economic
6261:By topic
6240:Iraq War
6190:Cold War
5948:By event
5523:Columbia
5183:April 8,
5112:April 8,
5083:. London
5060:June 14,
5034:June 14,
4998:June 14,
4959:June 14,
4929:June 14,
4901:Archived
4880:June 14,
4734:(1993).
4716:June 14,
4678:June 14,
4652:June 14,
4565:June 15,
4238:June 14,
4210:Archived
4178:June 14,
4146:BBC News
3956:(2005).
3935:Archived
3898:Track 5.
3879:(1969).
3861:Archived
3817:Archived
3786:Archived
3755:Archived
3470:(2002).
3402:(1990).
2754:Potw.org
2643:Archived
2395:See also
2096:game of
1967:Protests
1961:Cherokee
1930:Acadians
1732:episode
1722:episode
1720:G.I. Joe
1497:football
1196:and the
1181:Canadian
1037:de facto
943:Maryland
908:baseball
811:Carillon
531:Surprise
527:Surprise
523:Surprise
519:Surprise
463:Patuxant
402:and the
275:for the
128:de facto
116:de facto
10397:Cabinet
10176:Commons
9995:Leaders
9945:McHenry
9887:battles
9781:Leopard
9768:Origins
9752:Leaders
9746:Battles
9737:Origins
9628:Tokelau
9582:(Chile)
9552:Vanuatu
9343:Grenada
9291:Wyoming
9256:Vermont
9124:Spanish
9119:English
9091:Montana
9026:Indiana
9006:Georgia
9001:Florida
8961:Arizona
8951:Alabama
8928:Yucatán
8908:Chiapas
8809:Curaçao
8804:Bonaire
8771:Ontario
8761:Alberta
8723:Bermuda
8702:Regions
8653:Jamaica
8633:Grenada
8588:Bahamas
8501:Outline
8449:illegal
8434:Smoking
8297:Obesity
8180:Poverty
8102:Theater
8092:Society
7946:Housing
7907:Fashion
7863:poverty
7808:Cuisine
7780:Culture
7767:Society
7728:Driving
7655:Exports
7633:Tourism
7593:Banking
7571:Economy
7531:Parties
7375:Charter
7339:Sheriff
6786:Speaker
6654:Cabinet
6617:Federal
6525:Western
6490:Eastern
6485:Central
6480:Pacific
6440:Regions
6391:Islands
5874:History
5496:Symbols
5377:YouTube
5360:at the
5205:Reuters
4874:NPR.org
4520:on the
4501:on the
4482:on the
4463:on the
4445:on the
4427:on the
4408:on the
4389:on the
4370:on the
4351:on the
4332:on the
4313:on the
4294:on the
4276:npr.org
3884:(audio)
3454:chosen.
2872:CNN.com
2611:547–555
2576:340–347
2512:Loc.gov
2008:in the
1910:Yiddish
1774:titled
1730:Columbo
1518:singer
1480:) with
1446:Hot 100
1421:gave a
1350:Detroit
1220:of the
1204:on the
1091:twelfth
680:slavery
654:slavery
563:Volcano
515:Tonnant
500:Tonnant
493:Potomac
489:Tonnant
482:Tonnant
469:Tonnant
432:Madison
396:British
344:History
301:stanzas
297:soprano
252:in the
224:of the
96: (
88:Adopted
78: (
10730:(wife)
10721:Family
10577:Legacy
9915:Thames
9885:Major
9836:affair
9783:affair
9665:Hawaii
9657:Hawaii
9598:Hawaii
9547:Tuvalu
9311:Alaska
9304:Former
9171:Oregon
9101:Nevada
9036:Kansas
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