628:, he was certainly not the only contributor. During Fauset's tenure as literary editor, she wrote and edited a column entitled "The Looking Glass", which was primarily literature and art review, but also included other essays. The "Outer Pocket" column featured letters from readers. While Fauset's primary concern and duties were with the literature of the times, she shared other political outlooks with Du Bois, such as a concern for education and families. African cultural issues were also of concern to both Du Bois and Fauset in general, with their many trips overseas, their participation in several Pan-African Congresses and Conferences, and African-themed cover art and other art on the pages of
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the Color Line", and a "Horizon" column, which read as more of a newsletter, detailing positive accomplishments by
African Americans. Du Bois frequently included reviews of news articles from other publications that he felt were incorrect, and also tracked certain special causes. As an editor, Du Bois did not shy away from showing photographs of and writing about controversial issues, including lynching, racism in the U.S. military, labor issues, and political issues with as Booker T. Washington's views and Marcus Garvey's views.
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showcase jobs, education, and businesses in the
African-American community. These advertisements often reflected the views of the current editor. Under Du Bois, advertisements on education are most prevalent. All types of schools, institutions, training courses, colleges and universities. Some of the
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was also used to promote the production of black cinema. The center of their promotion was the
Ethiopian Art Theatre, in Chicago. The theatre was a place that provided training and promotion of black actors as well as employment for black citizens of Chicago. It attracted thousands of blacks from the
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Thus all art is propaganda and ever must be, despite the wailing of the purists. I stand in utter shamelessness and say that whatever art I have for writing has been used always for propaganda for gaining the right of black folk to love and enjoy. I do not care a damn for any art that is not used for
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and many others. The number one thing these schools had in common was they were all only for colored students. Another popular advertisement under Du Bois was job advertisements. Some of the jobs advertised were teachers, vendors, nurses, dentists, civil service and stenographers. There was always a
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as his personal soapbox to a certain degree, heavily pushing his own opinions through the opinion section. Common concerns in his writings included promoting a positive, dignified, progressive image of
African-American people; calling for action, social justice and an end to violence against blacks;
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Children and education were two topics that mattered quite a bit to Du Bois, whose philosophy during that era was that a "Talented Tenth" of the
African-American population should be bred, raised and trained to become elite intellectual and political leaders – a topic he first introduced in his 1903
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membership, Christmas Seals (for the NAACP/ protecting against tuberculosis), "On Health's
Highway" to support cancer patients, laundry, Negro art photo calendar, undertaking and embalming, life health and accident insurance. Many of these advertisements showed the push for African Americans, women
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has been published continually since 1910, its years under Du Bois are arguably far better-known than any of its other years. There have been 15 editors at the magazine's helm since Du Bois's departure. Roy
Wilkins remained editor after Du Bois until 1949, when he became the acting NAACP secretary.
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All of the issues between 1910 and 1934 feature an opinion section that was written by Du Bois (later renamed from "Opinion" to "Postscript"). Other Du Bois-authored columns included a "Men of the Month" column, which featured successful black men in various professions, a news column called "Along
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The object of this publication is to set forth those facts and arguments which show the danger of race prejudice, particularly as manifested today toward colored people. It takes its name from the fact that the editors believe that this is a critical time in the history of the advancement of men.
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magazine has played a major role in promoting the rise of
African-American colleges and the rise of African-American studies. Early on, the magazine fostered an interest in higher education, reporting how the black universities were operating financially and administratively and on the hardships
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Du Bois's initial position as editor was in line with the NAACP's liberal program of social reform and racial equality, but by the 1930s Du Bois was advocating a form of black separatism. This led to disputes between Du Bois and the NAACP, resulting in his resignation as editor in 1934. He was
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responded to
Walling's article in one of his own titled "The Call", an article welcoming individuals to attend a national meeting dedicated to intersectional justice for all citizens despite race. There were 60 individuals that attended the call, seven of them were persons of color, including
396:. In its first year, the journal had a monthly circulation of 1,000. Ten years later, by 1918, it had more than 100,000 readers. It also grew in size, beginning at 20 pages and rising to as many as 68 pages; and in price, beginning at 10 cents per issue and later increasing to 15 cents.
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could bring beauty into the home" (123). The arts were also used to capture current events. Political cartoons, illustrations and graphic photographs aligned with Du Bois' strong interest in social justice and in highlighting heinous crimes being committed against
African Americans.
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one of its "50 Favorite Magazines" in 2008, stating: "This venerable publication of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People has continued to evolve and illuminate since its premiere issue in November 1910 (one year after the creation of the NAACP)."
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Advertising also tended to focus heavily on education, with ads for various schools, institutions, training courses, and, of course, colleges and universities, featured in every issue during this time period, appearing before the table of contents in many cases.
541:, Amy Helene Kirschke wrote: "Du Bois believed that art was in fact the embodiment of freedom of expression and that through art, truth could be expressed, creating something beautiful. Through the inclusion of art and poetry, creative writing, and photography,
568:. Readers could see this reflected in the annual Children's and Education numbers, which came out in October and July, respectively, and which leaned heavily on photography as a medium for showing off the best of the best of African-American youth.
325:…Finally, its editorial page will stand for the rights of men, irrespective of color or race, for the highest ideals of American democracy, and for reasonable but earnest and persistent attempts to gain these rights and realize these ideals." (
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are aimed to showcase culture as well as to educate African Americans. Real estate was also included in the magazine's advertisements, as well as plots of land for building homes and even for vacationing in various locations such as
877:. As the magazine continued its growth and influence, they added a table of books readers could buy from the magazine, which was called "The Crisis Book Mart". This range of books featured influential writers including
508:, Carolyn Wedin Sylvander writes that after Fauset's departure, several poets criticized Du Bois for neglecting literature, printing pieces the poets had specifically requested not be published, or printing old pieces.
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s overall message and function. In his famous October 1926 essay "Criteria of Negro Art", which was delivered as an address at the Chicago conference of the NAACP in 1926, Du Bois stated one of his opinions on art:
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is "a quarterly journal of civil rights, history, politics and culture and seeks to educate and challenge its readers about issues that continue to plague African Americans and other communities of color."
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It was primarily during Jessie Fauset's tenure that literature abounded. Though not nearly as well-known today as Du Bois, Fauset's literary contributions were equal in importance. The poet
649:, Du Bois wrote that the periodical suffered during the Great Depression as the "circulation dropped steadily until by 1933 it was scarcely more than ten thousand paid subscriptions."
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subsequently became the editor of the magazine until his retirement in 1966. The magazine continued to print news articles and opinion columns on current events and social concerns.
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included doing well in school, taking pride in one's appearance, and learning about one's heritage, with many African folk tales and other African cultural issues mentioned.
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even had its own ad for agents specifically for the magazine. The advertisement section also includes ads for other magazines and books to read. One of these magazines is
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focused heavily on promoting standards of gender, class and racial behavior and pride, also using photographs to inspire young African-American children. Common themes in
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While the magazine was originally intended to be much more of a political and news publication than a literary publication, it had undeniable impact on the
668:, Warren Marr II, Chester Arthur Higgins Sr. (1917–2000), Maybelle Ward, Fred Beauford, Garland Thompson, Denise Crittendon, Gentry Trotter, Paul Ruffins,
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long before becoming the literary editor in 1918, also seemed to care deeply about children's literature, and contributed the large majority of content to
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534:, which invited responses by black and white artists and intellectuals to seven questions on the freedoms and responsibilities of black artists.
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The NAACP was largely recognized as a grassroots foundation, as it relied on the surrounding to community to sell subscriptions to the magazine,
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500:. Fauset was also the primary force that kept the New York office going logistically between 1919 and 1926. Following her departure from
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would state openly the opinion of its editor, so long, of course, as that opinion was in general agreement with that of the organization.
80:, Warren Marr II, Chester Higgins Sr., Maybelle Ward, Fred Beauford, Garland Thompson, Denise Crittendon, Gentry Trotter, Paul Ruffins,
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was officially an organ of the NAACP, Du Bois had a large degree of control over the periodical's expressed opinion. Du Bois wrote in
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that the parties at Fauset's Harlem home were rather exclusive "literary soirees with much poetry but little to drink" (Hughes 244).
496:. Despite Fauset's personal tastes and interests in her own writing, she featured poetry, prose, short stories, essays and plays in
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In pursuing the use of art to positively portray the African-American race, Du Bois turned to photography as a favored medium. In
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948:'s preparations for the hair/ Nile Queen), wigs (fashion book), tooth polish (Dr. Welters antiseptic tooth powder), tuxedos,
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especially, to focus on their looks. One such advertisement even stated: "It is the duty of human beings to be attractive."
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305:". The suggestion to name the magazine after the poem came from one of the NAACP co-founders and noted white abolitionist
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Some of the best-known writers of the Harlem Renaissance were first published or became well known by being published in
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Farebrother, Rachel. "The Lesson Which India is Today Teaching the World: Nationalism and Internationalism in
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also advertised books that claimed to be necessary reading for all African Americans; among these books weree
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902:. This showed the spread of African Americans across different cities, as well as their prospering wealth.
504:, the quality and quantity of the literature section of the magazine declined. In her biography of Fauset,
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described Fauset as one of the "midwives of the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes wrote in his 1940 autobiography
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would go on to become incredibly influential during the 1910s and 1920s and would take a large role in the
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a personal opinion; because, as I argued, no organization can express definite and clear cut opinions… the
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has been in continuous print since 1910, and it is the oldest Black-oriented magazine in the world. Today,
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1634:"Girl, Colored" and Other Stories: A Complete Short Fiction Anthology of African American Women Writers in
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Musser, Judith. "African American Women's Short Stories in the Harlem Renaissance: Bridging a Tradition".
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propaganda. But I do care when propaganda is confined to one side while the other is stripped and silent.
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1395:. Eds. Australia Tarver and Paula C. Barnes. Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2006. Print.
389:, and W. E. B. Du Bois. This meeting and signing of the call led to the formation of the NAACP in 1909.
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1354:. Eds. Peter Brooker and Andrew Thacker. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. 103–124. Print.
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The August 1920 cover is a typical example of the annual education number under Du Bois's editorship.
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Reymond, Rhonda L. "Looking In: Albert A. Smith's Use of 'Repoussoir' in Cover Illustrations for the
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This essay was published in conjunction with a seven-part series of responses to a symposium called
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1547:'For Us, About Us, Near Us and By Us': American Women Playwrights and the Making of NAACP-DuBois's
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composed an article in the newspaper, prompting his audience to fight racism in a united fashion.
372:, calling attention to the injustices that the black community was subjected to. After this riot,
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1579:'Mothers of Tomorrow': The New Negro Renaissance and the Politics of Maternal Representation".
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and promoting good international relations, especially in regards to the Pan-African movement.
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promoted music as well as vocalists and musicians. Some of those promoted were lyric soprano
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depicting "Ra-Maat-Neb, one of the black kings of the Upper Nile," a copy of the relief of
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The New Negro: Readings on Race, Representation, and African American Culture, 1892–1938
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Art in Crisis: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Struggle for African American Identity and Memory
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1702:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. E-book resource. Web. Multiple access dates.
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New Voices on the Harlem Renaissance: Essays on Race, Gender, and Literary Discourse
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Official magazine of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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Ardis, Ann. "Making Middlebrow Culture, Making Middlebrow Literary Texts Matter:
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1529:---. "The Burden of Black Womanhood: Aaron Douglas and the 'Apogée of Beauty.'"
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South, who saw it as evidence of success and pride within the black community.
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literary and arts movement during the 1920s, especially from 1918 to 1926 when
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Castronovo, Russ. "Beauty Along the Color Line: Lynching, Aesthetics, and the
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Bornstein, George. "How to Read a Page: Modernism and Material Textuality".
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Partisans and Poets: The Political Work of American Poetry in the Great War
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The Suppression of the African Slave-trade to the United States of America
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Silence to the Drums: A Survey of the Literature of the Harlem Renaissance
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The Power of Pride: Stylemakers and Rulebreakers of the Harlem Renaissance
1368:. Ed. Joseph McLaren. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2002. Print.
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1995–97: Eric Clark, Managing Editor; Tsitsi Wakhisi, Contributing Editor
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Anderson, Addell Austin (November 1, 1992). "The Ethiopian Art Theatre".
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Breaking the Ties that Bind: Popular Stories of the New Woman, 1915-1930
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From Du Bois to Van Vechten: The Early New Negro Literature, 1903–1926
1237:"Crises, The: The Negro in Art–How Shall He Be Portrayed? A Symposium"
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The Crisis Reader: Stories, Poetry, and Essays from the N.A.A.C.P.'s
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business editor, Augustus Dill, and Fauset printed in 1920 and 1921.
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After Ivy's retirement, other persons who served as editor included
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1985–92: Fred Beauford; 1991–98: Walter Morrison, Associate Editor
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However strongly Du Bois's opinions were expressed in the pages of
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645:. However, financial issues were also at play. In his 1940 memoir
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Carroll, Anne. "Protest and Affirmation: Composite Texts in the
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Dusk of Dawn: An Essay Toward an Autobiography of a Race Concept
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The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines
1142:. Brooklyn, New York: Carlson Publishing Inc. pp. 838–840.
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Scott's Official History of the American Negro in the Great War
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Afro-Academic, Cultural, Technological and Scientific Olympics
1417:
From Timbuktu to Katrina: Readings in African American History
1316:
The Harlem Renaissance Remembered: Essays Edited With a Memoir
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1800:
104:
1700:
Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present
1341:
Temples for Tomorrow: Looking Back at the Harlem Renaissance
581:, which was a monthly children's magazine that Du Bois, the
320:, Du Bois proclaimed his intentions in his first editorial:
309:. The first issue was typed and arranged by NAACP secretary
1325:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 5–31. Print.
511:
In addition to literature, art played an important role in
1801:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1643:
Roses, Lorraine Elene, and Ruth Elizabeth Randolph (eds).
1138:
Hine, Darlene; Brown, Elsa; Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn (1993).
889:
and others. Many of the books and magazines advertised in
408:
Literary and artistic impact during the Harlem Renaissance
234:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1695:. Modernist Journals Project. Web. Multiple access dates.
1647:. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1996. Print.
1627:
Shadowed Dreams: Women's Poetry of the Harlem Renaissance
3996:
W.E.B. Du Bois Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award
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W. E. B. Du Bois Memorial Centre for Pan African Culture
1629:. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1989. Print.
677:
The New Crisis: The Magazine of Opportunities and Ideas
200:
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African American founding fathers of the United States
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National Association of Black Journalists Hall of Fame
1602:
The Harlem Renaissance: A Brief History with Documents
1359:
The Harlem Renaissance: A Brief History with Documents
1955:
1615:. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. Print.
1426:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Print.
1382:, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007. Print.
1343:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001. Print.
1137:
1622:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992. Print.
833:, a magazine for children; a double subscription to
1407:
Inspiring Racial Price in African-American Children
549:
4100:Political magazines published in the United States
4075:Literary magazines published in the United States
1140:Black Women in America: A Historical Encyclopedia
841:for a special price is even offered. Another was
600:
286:
4090:Monthly magazines published in the United States
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1593:Davis, Arthur P., and Michael W. Peplow (eds).
1500:: The Early-20th-Century Black Radical Press".
1645:Harlem's Glory: Black Women Writing, 1900–1950
944:bust, colored dolls, hair grower/preparation (
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1785:
363:
1604:. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2008. Print.
1361:. Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 2008. Print.
1323:Material Modernism: The Politics of the Page
531:The Negro in Art: How Shall He Be Portrayed?
1689:. Google Books. Web. Multiple access dates.
1241:Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance: A-J
769:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
506:Jessie Redmon Fauset, Black American Writer
3735:
3721:
2219:
2212:
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1792:
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1339:Fabre, Geneviève, and Michel Feith (eds).
448:during Fauset's tenure, including Hughes,
370:Springfield Race Riots of Illinois in 1908
38:
3637:National Newspaper Publishers Association
3627:National Association of Black Journalists
1405:Schäffer, Christina. The Brownies' Book:
1402:. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1976. Print.
1375:. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1981. Print.
1336:. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1987. Print.
789:Learn how and when to remove this message
368:The NAACP was founded in response to the
2147:NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund
1676:. New York: Modern Library, 1999. Print.
1263:
1239:. In Cary D. Wintz; et al. (eds.).
1102:"Call Mrs. R. Wallace Perfect Secretary"
940:magazine covered a variety of topics: a
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820:The Cheyney Training School for Teachers
456:(Jessie Fauset's younger half-brother),
411:
294:The CRISIS: A Record of The Darker Races
218:
199:
191:
3023:The Colored American (Washington, D.C.)
3009:The Colored American (Augusta, Georgia)
1595:The New Negro Renaissance: An Anthology
1334:Harlem Renaissance Art of Black America
672:, Phil Petrie, and Victoria Valentine.
351:I determine to make the opinion of the
291:The original title of the magazine was
4062:
3931:Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil
1234:
1178:
1127:. Transaction Publishers. p. 293.
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1093:
1013:2001 & 2007: Phil Petrie (interim)
854:Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil
679:, but the title has since reverted to
297:. The magazine's name was inspired by
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1522:Magazine: Imaging Women and Family".
1409:. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2012. Print.
1062:
23:by Thomas Paine. For other uses, see
3763:Atlanta Conference of Negro Problems
3742:
3016:The Colored American (New York City)
1502:The Howard Journal of Communications
1431:General resources – Journal articles
1318:. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1972. Print.
1208:
1204:
1202:
1063:Hooks, Benjamin L. (December 1985).
1037:Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life
767:adding citations to reliable sources
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571:Fauset, who contributed articles to
347:to represent his personal opinions:
4001:W. E. B. Du Bois Research Institute
1179:Hughes, Langston (August 1, 1993).
1122:
1100:Hogans, James H. (March 14, 1959).
236:(NAACP). It was founded in 1910 by
84:, Phil Petrie, Victoria Valentine,
13:
1819:Presidents and CEOs (1996–present)
1658:. Fawcett: Greenwich, 1972. Print.
1518:Kirschke, Amy Helen. "Du Bois and
1303:
675:From 1997 to 2003, it appeared as
281:
14:
4116:
3833:(home, burial site, and memorial)
3653:Perry Publishing and Broadcasting
2960:Charlottesville-Albemarle Tribune
1815:Executive Secretaries (1910–1964)
1706:
1640:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2011.
1385:Marks, Carole, and Diana Edkins.
1199:
917:Other types of advertisements in
4085:Magazines published in Baltimore
3687:Genius of Universal Emancipation
2324:African-American News and Issues
1745:
1665:. New York: Harper, 1970. Print.
739:
730:
635:
550:Educational impact under Du Bois
232:is the official magazine of the
4044:W.E.B. Du Bois Clubs of America
3939:Black Reconstruction in America
3883:The Study of the Negro Problems
3773:The Exhibit of American Negroes
3768:Atlanta Sociological Laboratory
3758:W.E.B. Du Bois Boyhood Homesite
3345:Southwestern Christian Advocate
1817:Executive Directors (1964–1996)
1419:. Boston: Thomson, 2008. Print.
1389:. New York: Crown, 1999. Print.
1257:
898:, Idlewood, Pleasantville, and
47:, Vol. 19, No. 1, November 1919
1668:Wilson, Sondra Kathryn (ed.).
1228:
1172:
1146:
1131:
1116:
1075:
1056:
929:, and high-class entertainers
601:Political impact under Du Bois
287:Beginnings and the Du Bois era
1:
4080:Magazines established in 1910
3465:The Colored American Magazine
1481:121.5 (2006): 1443–1459. PDF.
1455:Literary Contests, 1924–27".
1243:. Routledge. pp. 267–8.
1182:The Big Sea: An Autobiography
1050:
986:1981–84: Chester Higgins Sr.
823:need for advertising agents.
132:The Crisis Publishing Company
3779:First Pan-African Conference
3275:The Philadelphia Independent
2685:Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder
2299:The Washington Afro-American
1765:writings of W. E. B. Du Bois
1607:Gates Jr., Henry Louis, and
1016:2001–07: Victoria Valentine
343:(1940) that he intended for
116:; 113 years ago
7:
2394:The Burning Spear Newspaper
1755:public domain audiobook at
1524:Notes in the History of Art
1513:Journal of American Studies
1332:, and Deborah Willis Ryan.
1029:
998:1994: Denise Crittendon
428:served as Literary Editor.
258:William Stanley Braithwaite
196:First issue, November 1910
25:The Crisis (disambiguation)
10:
4121:
4070:African-American magazines
3205:The Mississippi Enterprise
1729:Modernist Journals Project
1583:32.4 (1998): 533–561. PDF.
1572:20.2 (2010): 216–240. PDF.
1515:46.3 (2012): 603–623. PDF.
1459:32.2 (1988): 235–246. PDF.
962:1910–34: W. E. B. Du Bois
956:
364:Affiliation with the NAACP
316:As the founding editor of
276:
18:
4009:
3983:
3957:
3866:
3840:
3750:
3674:Abolitionist publications
3666:
3645:
3614:
3428:
2846:
2824:
2722:
2599:
2478:The Jacksonville Advocate
2443:Florida Sentinel Bulletin
2315:
2241:
2234:
2225:
2129:
2024:
1814:
1807:
1533:49.1 (2008): 97–105. PDF.
1470:76.1 (2004): 89–116. PDF.
1309:General resources – Books
1278:10.1017/S0040557400002362
1235:Kelley, James B. (2004).
311:Richetta Randolph Wallace
178:
162:
154:
146:
136:
128:
110:
100:
92:
60:
52:
37:
3991:W. E. B. Du Bois Library
3444:Black Issues Book Review
3373:The Winter Park Advocate
2415:The Charleston Chronicle
2292:The Philadelphia Tribune
2172:National Negro Committee
1663:W.E.B. Du Bois: A Reader
1557:11.1 (2002): 49–70. PDF.
1540:23.2 (1998): 27–47. PDF.
1526:24.4 (2005): 35–45. PDF.
1484:Digby-Junger, Richard. "
1108:. p. 7 – via
995:1992–94: Garland Thomas
983:1974–80: Warren Marr II
936:Other advertisements of
909:A 1920 advertisement in
558:these colleges endured.
19:Not to be confused with
3899:The Souls of Black Folk
3825:Fisk University protest
3184:Metro Herald (Virginia)
2974:The Chicago Conservator
2787:The Sacramento Observer
2590:Winston-Salem Chronicle
2520:The New Orleans Tribune
2485:Jacksonville Free Press
2359:Baltimore Afro-American
2306:The Washington Informer
2278:New York Amsterdam News
2074:Stephen Gill Spottswood
2038:Oswald Garrison Villard
1698:Finkleman, Paul (ed.).
1661:Weinberg, Meyer (ed.).
1597:. New York: Holt, 1975.
1581:African American Review
1504:9 (1998): 263–282. PDF.
1444:6.1 (2011): 18–40. PDF.
1211:"Criteria of Negro Art"
1025:2017-22: Lottie Joiner
989:1984–85: Maybelle Ward
806:schools advertised are
605:Du Bois tended to view
565:The Souls of Black Folk
416:Cover of May 1924 issue
242:Oswald Garrison Villard
56:Lottie Joiner (Interim)
4017:Shirley Graham Du Bois
3907:The Negro in the South
3891:The Philadelphia Negro
3680:The Anti-Slavery Bugle
3622:Associated Negro Press
3549:Our Women and Children
3401:Afro-American Sentinel
3331:The Seattle Republican
2794:San Francisco Bay View
2699:The St. Louis American
2678:The Michigan FrontPage
2429:The Christian Recorder
2264:New Pittsburgh Courier
2220:African American press
2062:Channing Heggie Tobias
1956:Presidents (1909–1996)
1940:Cornell William Brooks
1922:Dennis Courtland Hayes
1910:Dennis Courtland Hayes
1650:Walden, Daniel (ed.).
1632:Musser, Judith (ed.).
1625:Honey, Maureen (ed.).
1618:Honey, Maureen (ed.).
1554:Women's History Review
1378:Kirschke, Amy Helene.
1346:Farebrother, Rachel. "
1065:"Publisher's Foreword"
1004:1997–98: Paul Ruffins
914:
632:throughout the years.
539:Protest and Propaganda
526:
417:
361:
331:
250:Charles Edward Russell
224:
216:
197:
4030:Encyclopedia Africana
3002:The Cleveland Gazette
2664:Indianapolis Recorder
2636:The Cincinnati Herald
2513:New Journal and Guide
2464:Houston Forward Times
2098:Myrlie Evers-Williams
1600:Ferguson, Jeffrey B.
1447:Austin, Addell. "The
1357:Ferguson, Jeffrey B.
931:Invincible Concert Co
908:
521:
415:
404:literature movement.
349:
322:
222:
203:
195:
3858:Double consciousness
3820:Pan-African Congress
3598:Visions Metro Weekly
3191:The Michigan Citizen
3114:Indianapolis Freeman
2876:Arkansas State Press
2869:The Aliened American
2862:The Alaska Spotlight
2752:Los Angeles Sentinel
2629:The Chicago Defender
2622:The Chicago Crusader
2569:The Triangle Tribune
2492:The Louisiana Weekly
2373:The Baptist Vanguard
2137:NAACP Theatre Awards
2080:Margaret Bush Wilson
1936:(2013–2014, interim)
1924:(2007–2008, interim)
1912:(2004–2005, interim)
1868:James Weldon Johnson
1856:James Weldon Johnson
1570:American Periodicals
1422:Van Wienen, Mark W.
1330:David Levering Lewis
1209:Williams, Robert W.
1154:"Oldest and Boldest"
925:, concert violinist
763:improve this section
690:was named editor of
462:James Weldon Johnson
426:Jessie Redmon Fauset
329:, November 1910, 10)
299:James Russell Lowell
3591:Transition Magazine
3296:The Progressive Era
3198:Mirror of the Times
3170:Memphis Free Speech
3121:Indianapolis Leader
3051:Detroit Plaindealer
2904:Atlanta Independent
2650:Fort Wayne Ink Spot
2541:Richmond Free Press
2499:Louisville Defender
2401:Carolina Peacemaker
2338:Atlanta Daily World
2152:NAACP Youth Council
2086:Kelly Alexander Sr.
2050:Mary White Ovington
2044:Joel Elias Spingarn
1969:Joel Elias Spingarn
1844:Mary White Ovington
1832:Mary White Ovington
1652:W.E.B. Du Bois: The
1638:Magazine, 1910–2010
1609:Gene Andrew Jarrett
1468:American Literature
942:Booker T Washington
686:On August 7, 2007,
383:Mary Church Terrell
307:Mary White Ovington
262:Mary Dunlop Maclean
34:
21:The American Crisis
3805:The Brownies' Book
3359:The Washington Sun
3352:The Washington Bee
3282:Pittsburgh Courier
3268:The People's Voice
3163:The McDowell Times
2953:The Carolina Times
2911:The Black Dispatch
2713:St. Louis Sentinel
2671:Michigan Chronicle
2576:Tri-State Defender
2422:The Charlotte Post
2331:Atlanta Black Star
2142:NAACP Image Awards
1975:Arthur B. Spingarn
1850:Royal Freeman Nash
1442:Modernist Cultures
1364:Hughes, Langston.
1123:Du Bois, W. E. B.
1071:. 92, 10 (464): 6.
946:Madam C. J. Walker
915:
913:for a plot of land
835:The Brownies' Book
830:The Brownies' Book
801:Advertisements in
694:by then publisher
591:The Brownies' Book
587:The Brownies' Book
578:The Brownies' Book
474:Zora Neale Hurston
454:Arthur Huff Fauset
422:Harlem Renaissance
418:
402:Harlem Renaissance
303:The Present Crisis
225:
217:
198:
170:.thecrisismagazine
114:November 1910
30:
4057:
4056:
4037:The Negro Problem
3710:
3709:
3424:
3423:
3324:The Rights of All
3156:Louisville Leader
3142:Jackson Eagle Eye
3093:Frost Illustrated
3086:Freedom's Journal
3030:Daily Negro Times
2918:The Black Panther
2890:Athens Republique
2842:
2841:
2773:Portland Observer
2731:Arizona Informant
2643:The Columbus Post
2562:Tennessee Tribune
2534:The Orlando Times
2436:The Dallas Weekly
2257:Buffalo Criterion
2187:
2186:
2125:
2124:
2020:
2019:
2011:Rupert Richardson
1838:May Childs Nerney
1398:Perry, Margaret.
1328:Driskell, David,
1215:www.webdubois.org
808:Howard University
799:
798:
791:
478:Gwendolyn Bennett
470:Effie Lee Newsome
190:
189:
4112:
4105:W. E. B. Du Bois
3785:Niagara Movement
3744:W. E. B. Du Bois
3737:
3730:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3701:The National Era
3437:Black Enterprise
3338:The Shining Star
3289:Portland New Age
3247:New National Era
2946:California Eagle
2759:Los Angeles Wave
2583:The Village Beat
2555:Savannah Tribune
2471:Jackson Advocate
2457:Houston Defender
2450:The Florida Star
2380:Birmingham Times
2345:Atlanta Inquirer
2271:The New York Age
2250:Bay State Banner
2239:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2190:
2167:Niagara Movement
2068:Robert C. Weaver
1963:Moorfield Storey
1953:
1952:
1826:Frances Blascoer
1812:
1811:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1771:
1770:
1749:
1748:
1718:
1717:
1715:Official website
1681:Online resources
1578:
1546:
1531:American Studies
1440:, Easter 1912".
1413:Taylor, Quintard
1314:Bontemps, Arna.
1298:
1297:
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927:Wesley I. Howard
865:Emmett Jay Scott
794:
787:
783:
780:
774:
743:
735:
517:
486:Charles Chesnutt
238:W. E. B. Du Bois
214:Meroe pyramid 17
174:
171:
169:
124:
122:
117:
65:W. E. B. Du Bois
42:
35:
29:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4023:Yolande Du Bois
4005:
3979:
3953:
3862:
3836:
3746:
3741:
3711:
3706:
3662:
3641:
3610:
3570:Sister 2 Sister
3420:
3380:The Woman's Era
3317:Richmond Planet
3303:Ravenswood Post
3226:Nashville Globe
3219:Muhammad Speaks
3058:Detroit Tribune
3044:The Denver Star
2932:Boston Guardian
2838:
2820:
2738:Black Lens News
2718:
2706:St. Louis Argus
2595:
2548:Roanoke Tribune
2506:The Miami Times
2387:Black Chronicle
2366:Baltimore Times
2311:
2221:
2218:
2188:
2183:
2121:
2116:Leon W. Russell
2056:Louis T. Wright
2032:English Walling
2016:
1999:Enolia McMillan
1951:
1946:Derrick Johnson
1934:Lorraine Miller
1916:Bruce S. Gordon
1898:Earl Shinhoster
1892:Benjamin Chavis
1818:
1816:
1803:
1798:
1746:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1576:
1575:Stavney, Anne.
1544:
1543:Omodele, Remi.
1371:Ikonné, Chidi.
1306:
1304:Further reading
1301:
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1080:
1076:
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1057:
1053:
1032:
959:
879:Langston Hughes
870:As Nature Leads
844:Locoma Magazine
812:Fisk University
795:
784:
778:
775:
760:
744:
733:
719:Chicago Tribune
713:deputy editor.
709:, where he was
706:Washington Post
698:. Asim came to
638:
603:
552:
515:
433:Langston Hughes
410:
374:William Walling
366:
301:'s 1845 poem, "
289:
284:
282:The Du Bois era
279:
204:A 1911 copy of
166:
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118:
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48:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3855:
3850:
3848:Talented Tenth
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3408:The Enterprise
3404:
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3327:
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3271:
3264:
3261:Pacific Appeal
3257:
3254:The North Star
3250:
3243:
3236:
3233:The Negro Star
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
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3159:
3152:
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3135:Iowa Bystander
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3037:Dallas Express
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2833:The Final Call
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2118:(2017–present)
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1948:(2017–present)
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1987:Montague Cobb
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1185:. Macmillan.
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816:Paine College
813:
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748:This section
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731:Advertisement
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3792:(co-founder)
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3646:Corporations
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3542:Negro Digest
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3394:Western Post
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3177:Memphis Post
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3065:The Elevator
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2995:The City Sun
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2939:The Broad Ax
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2897:Athens Voice
2895:
2888:
2883:Athens Blade
2881:
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2855:The Advocate
2853:
2831:
2815:Sun-Reporter
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2799:
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2766:Oakland Post
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2176:
2110:Roslyn Brock
2025:Board Chairs
1981:Kivie Kaplan
1904:Kweisi Mfume
1874:Walter White
1762:
1751:
1741:Google Books
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1486:The Guardian
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1350:(1910-34)".
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1340:
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1218:. Retrieved
1214:
1181:
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1162:. Retrieved
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1124:
1118:
1106:New York Age
1105:
1095:
1086:
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1042:
1035:
1009:Ida E. Lewis
1007:1998–2000:
973:James W. Ivy
937:
935:
918:
916:
910:
896:Orchardville
890:
887:Claude McKay
875:J. A. Rogers
869:
859:
857:by Du Bois,
852:
848:
842:
838:
834:
828:
824:
802:
800:
785:
776:
761:Please help
749:
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710:
703:
699:
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685:
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674:
670:Ida E. Lewis
663:
659:James W. Ivy
653:
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647:Dusk of Dawn
646:
641:replaced by
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466:Claude McKay
445:
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387:Ida B. Wells
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82:Ida E. Lewis
74:James W. Ivy
68:
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31:
4040:(1903 book)
3867:Non-fiction
3827:(1924–1925)
3521:The Horizon
3415:Omaha Guide
3240:Negro World
3149:Louisianian
3072:The Equator
2988:The Circuit
2967:Chicago Bee
2925:Black Times
2808:The Skanner
2112:(2010–2017)
2106:(1998–2010)
2104:Julian Bond
2100:(1995–1998)
2094:(1985–1995)
2088:(1983–1984)
2082:(1975–1983)
2076:(1961–1975)
2070:(1960–1961)
2064:(1953–1960)
2058:(1934–1953)
2052:(1919–1934)
2046:(1914–1919)
2040:(1911–1914)
2034:(1910–1911)
2013:(1992–1996)
2007:(1990–1992)
2005:Hazel Dukes
2001:(1984–1990)
1989:(1976–1982)
1983:(1966–1975)
1977:(1940–1965)
1971:(1930–1939)
1965:(1909–1929)
1942:(2014–2017)
1930:(2008–2013)
1928:Ben Jealous
1918:(2005–2007)
1906:(1996–2004)
1900:(1994–1996)
1894:(1993–1994)
1888:(1977–1992)
1882:(1955–1977)
1880:Roy Wilkins
1876:(1929–1955)
1870:(1920–1929)
1864:(1918–1920)
1858:(1917–1918)
1852:(1916–1917)
1840:(1912–1916)
1834:(1911–1912)
1828:(1910–1911)
1636:The Crisis
1588:Anthologies
1566:Opportunity
1549:Edutainment
1498:Negro World
1449:Opportunity
1366:The Big Sea
1164:December 4,
1083:"Home Page"
1021:Jabari Asim
967:Roy Wilkins
883:Alain Locke
688:Jabari Asim
643:Roy Wilkins
458:Jean Toomer
438:The Big Sea
210:Nebmaatre I
111:First issue
87:Jabari Asim
70:Roy Wilkins
4064:Categories
4025:(daughter)
3915:John Brown
3853:Color line
3797:The Crisis
3658:Real Times
3472:The Crisis
3366:The Appeal
2692:Omaha Star
2227:Newspapers
2178:The Crisis
1993:James Kemp
1763:The Crisis
1752:The Crisis
1735:The Crisis
1723:The Crisis
1693:The Crisis
1687:The Crisis
1520:The Crisis
1509:The Crisis
1438:The Crisis
1348:The Crisis
1087:The Crisis
1069:The Crisis
1051:References
1019:2007–17:
977:1967–74:
971:1949–66:
965:1934–49:
938:The Crisis
919:The Crisis
911:The Crisis
891:The Crisis
849:The Crisis
839:The Crisis
825:The Crisis
803:The Crisis
724:The Crisis
711:Book World
700:The Crisis
692:The Crisis
681:The Crisis
654:The Crisis
630:The Crisis
626:The Crisis
618:The Crisis
607:The Crisis
555:The Crisis
543:The Crisis
513:The Crisis
502:The Crisis
498:The Crisis
446:The Crisis
398:The Crisis
394:The Crisis
345:The Crisis
335:The Crisis
327:The Crisis
318:The Crisis
270:The Crisis
266:The Crisis
240:(editor),
229:The Crisis
206:The Crisis
45:The Crisis
32:The Crisis
3966:The Comet
3923:The Negro
3815:newspaper
3556:Right On!
3500:The Fader
3429:Magazines
2745:The Facts
2242:Northeast
1551:Agenda".
1494:Messenger
1294:161948573
1286:1475-4533
779:June 2021
750:does not
333:Although
185:1559-1573
101:Publisher
93:Frequency
3968:" (1920)
3841:Concepts
3807:magazine
3799:magazine
3563:The Root
3107:Harambee
2825:National
2608:The Call
2130:See also
1757:LibriVox
1737:archives
1725:archives
1674:Magazine
1656:Writings
1030:See also
155:Language
147:Based in
4010:Related
3958:Fiction
3813:Freedom
3667:Related
3514:theGrio
3493:Essence
3079:Freedom
2847:Defunct
2600:Midwest
1808:Leaders
1654:Crisis
1611:(eds).
1220:May 28,
1160:. NAACP
957:Editors
771:removed
756:sources
492:, and
277:History
163:Website
158:English
137:Country
129:Company
121:1910-11
119: (
96:Monthly
3984:Honors
3976:(1928)
3950:(1940)
3942:(1935)
3934:(1920)
3926:(1915)
3918:(1909)
3910:(1907)
3902:(1903)
3894:(1899)
3886:(1898)
3878:(1894)
3781:(1900)
3775:(1900)
3507:Fire!!
3486:Emerge
3458:Clutch
2235:Active
1995:(1983)
1846:(1916)
1672:Crisis
1562:Crisis
1538:Mellus
1496:, and
1490:Crisis
1475:Crisis
1464:Crisis
1453:Crisis
1292:
1284:
1247:
1189:
1044:Phylon
867:, and
722:named
652:While
583:Crisis
573:Crisis
357:Crisis
353:Crisis
260:, and
53:Editor
4095:NAACP
3790:NAACP
3479:Ebony
2316:South
1290:S2CID
1158:NAACP
950:NAACP
702:from
562:book
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105:NAACP
3751:Life
3584:Tint
3577:Soul
3535:King
3212:Mojo
2723:West
1564:and
1451:and
1282:ISSN
1245:ISBN
1222:2016
1187:ISBN
1166:2016
837:and
754:any
752:cite
716:The
704:The
180:ISSN
172:.com
3605:YSB
3528:Jet
3451:BLK
3128:Ink
1739:at
1727:at
1568:".
1479:MLA
1477:".
1466:".
1457:CLA
1274:doi
873:by
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168:www
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