Terri Schiavo case

1090:(DCF) and signed an order forbidding the department from "taking possession of Theresa Marie Schiavo or removing her" from the hospice and directed "each and every and singular sheriff of the state of Florida" to enforce his order. The order was appealed to the Second District Court of Appeals the following day, which resulted in an automatic stay under state law. While the stay was in effect, Florida Department of Law Enforcement personnel prepared to take custody of Terri Schiavo and transfer her to a local hospital for reinsertion of the feeding tube. Once Greer was made aware of the stay, he ordered it lifted and all parties stood down. Governor Bush decided to obey the court order despite enormous pressure from the political right. If Bush (or the Florida Legislature) had ignored Greer's order by attempting to remove her from the hospice, a confrontation between the Pinellas Park Police Department and the FDLE agents could have ensued. In jest, one official said local police discussed "whether we had enough officers to hold off the National Guard." 1166:). Thogmartin found that "there was no proof that Terri Schiavo ever had an eating disorder such as bulimia." Regarding the possibility of strangulation or domestic violence as a cause of Schiavo's initial collapse, the report states: "No trauma was noted on any of the numerous physical exams or radiographs performed on Mrs. Schiavo on the day of, in the days after, or in the months after her initial collapse. Indeed, within an hour of her initial hospital admission, radiographic examination of her cervical spine was negative. Specifically, external signs of strangulation including cutaneous or deep neck injury, facial/conjunctival petechiae, and other blunt trauma were not observed or recorded during her initial hospital admission. Autopsy examination of her neck structures 15 years after her initial collapse did not detect any signs of remote trauma, but, with such a delay, the exam was unlikely to show any residual neck findings." 1363:

using the foundation in order to make money. A Florida television station looked at the foundation's tax records and found that for 2008, it paid 64% of the $ 91,568 it raised in salaries to Terri's father, Robert Schindler Sr., her sister, Suzanne Vitadamo, and her brother, Robert Schindler Jr. Their attorney said the foundation does its work effectively and that the high percentage for salaries was due to the small amount of money the foundation raises. He also said that the Schindlers had the right to use Terri's name as she is a public figure. The foundation had been fined $ 1,000 shortly before Schiavo's death for failing to file timely paperwork. In September 2010, the Schindlers renamed the organization the "Terri Schiavo Life and Hope Network". (Page headers in the web publication show the name change occurred in 2010, compare volume 1 to 2 for 2010)

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that the second motion is part and parcel of the previous motion on medical evaluations. The same declarations are being used for both motions and the motion appears to be an alternative pleading to the previous motion. Both are asking for an experimental procedure." The following day, Greer denied the first motion as well, citing that an affiant doctor for Michael cautioned that fMRI was an experimental procedure that should be conducted in an academic setting, because Schiavo had already undergone swallowing tests and failed, and because VitalStim had only been performed on patients who were not in a PVS. Greer noted that "most of the doctor affidavits submitted are based on their understanding of Schiavo's condition from news reports or video clips they have seen. Many are obviously not aware of the medical exams undertaken for the 2002 trial."

826:. As part of the court-ordered medical exam, six hours of video of Terri Schiavo were taped and filed at the Pinellas County courthouse. The tape included Terri Schiavo with her mother and neurologist William Hammesfahr. The entire tape was viewed by Judge Greer, who wrote, Terri "clearly does not consistently respond to her mother". From that six hours of video, the Schindlers and their supporters produced six video clips intended to support their case, totaling less than six minutes, and released those clips to public websites. Judge Greer ruled that Terri Schiavo was in a PVS, and was beyond hope of significant improvement. The trial court order was particularly critical of Hammesfahr's testimony, which claimed positive results in similar cases by use of 845:

petition were four affidavits from members of the Schindler family and one from Dr. Alexander T. Gimon. At the hearing, the Schindlers' counsel read into the record additional affidavits from three speech professionals and two nurses. In particular, nurse Carla Sauer Iyer asserted that she was able to feed Terri Schiavo orally but that Michael characterized any such interaction as "therapy" and ordered her not to do so. Iyer claimed in her affidavit that her initial training in 1996 consisted solely of the instruction, "Do what Michael Schiavo tells you or you're terminated", and that standing orders were not to contact the Schindler family, but that she "would call them anyway".

741:, which was assigned to another court. The judge, Frank Quesada, issued an injunction against the removal of feeding tube until this was settled. The feeding tube was reinserted on April 26, 2001. On appeal by Michael Schiavo, the Second District Court of Appeal reversed Judge Quesada's order. In the same time frame, Michael Schiavo filed a motion to enforce the mandate of the guardianship court (that the feeding tube be removed). The Second District Court of Appeal denied the motion. These three decisions, all published in a single order by Florida's Second District Court of Appeal, came to be known by the court as 721:"after it was clear that she was not 'terminal' within Medicare guidelines" for hospices. By this time, while still legally married to Terri Schiavo, Michael Schiavo was in a relationship with Jodi Centonze, and had fathered their first child. He said he chose not to divorce his wife and relinquish guardianship because he wanted to ensure her final wishes (not to be kept alive in a PVS) were carried out. The court denied the motion to remove the guardian, allowing that the evidence was not sufficient and, in some instances, not relevant. It set April 24, 2001, as the date on which the tube was to be removed. 789:

remanded the question of Terri Schiavo's wishes back to the trial court and required an evidentiary hearing to be held. The court specified that five board certified neurologists were to testify. The Schindlers were allowed to choose two doctors to present findings at an evidentiary hearing while Schiavo could introduce two rebuttal experts. Finally, the trial court itself would appoint a new independent physician to examine and evaluate Terri Schiavo's condition. These decisions, all published in a single order by the Florida Second District Court of Appeal, came to be known by the court as

1282:. The elderly Browning had expressed, in a living will, her wish not to be kept alive by any artificial means, including receiving food and water "by a gastric tube or intravenously." At that time, it was common to remove people from ventilators, but the law in Florida was not clear on removing them from feeding tubes. In a landmark ruling, the Florida Supreme Court decided that Browning had "the constitutional right to choose or refuse medical treatment, and that right extends to all relevant decisions concerning one's health." 1274:. The Terri Schiavo affair involved a dispute between family members and her legal guardian over her wishes when there is no documented desire. According to medical ethicist Matthew Stonecipher, "The movement to challenge the decisions made for Terri Schiavo threatened to destabilize end-of-life law that had developed over the last quarter of the 20th century, principally through the cases of Karen Ann Quinlan and Nancy Cruzan." The outcome of the Schiavo case was also in part determined by a 1990 Florida case, 5397: 230: 5373: 931:, and struck it down. Bush appealed this order to the Second District Court of Appeals, but on May 12, 2004, the court issued an "Order Relinquishing Case for Entry of Final Judgment and Order to Show Cause Why this Proceeding Should Not be Certified to the Supreme Court As Requiring Immediate Resolution". The Second District Court of Appeals, in sending it directly to the Florida Supreme Court, invoked "pass through" jurisdiction. 352:

several days later. On February 25, 2005, a Pinellas County judge again ordered the removal of Terri Schiavo's feeding tube. Several appeals and federal government intervention followed, which included Bush returning to Washington, D.C., to sign legislation moving the case to the federal courts. After appeals through the federal court system that upheld the original decision to remove the feeding tube, staff at the

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cardiac and genetic examinations to be made. The official autopsy report was released on June 15, 2005. In addition to studying Terri Schiavo's remains, Thogmartin scoured court, medical and other records and interviewed her family members, doctors and other relevant parties. Examination of Schiavo's nervous system by neuropathologist Stephen J. Nelson, revealed extensive injury. The

688:." Judge Greer issued his order granting the petition for authorization to discontinue artificial life support for Terri Schiavo in February 2000. In this decision, the court found that Terri Schiavo was in a persistent vegetative state and that she had made reliable oral declarations that she would have wanted the feeding tube removed. This decision was upheld by the 347:. After two and a half months without improvement, her diagnosis was changed to that of a persistent vegetative state. For the next two years, doctors attempted occupational therapy, speech therapy, physical therapy and other experimental therapy, hoping to return her to a state of awareness, without success. In 1998, Schiavo's husband Michael Schiavo petitioned the 5385: 952:

family attorney, still held out hope "that Terri might be able to take nourishment orally, despite past findings that she is incapable". Judge Greer formally denied the motion and ordered the "removal of nutrition and hydration from the ward" and set the time and date for the removal of the feeding tube as "1:00 p.m. on Friday, March 18, 2005".

784:, Judge Greer heard a motion from the Schindlers claiming that new medical treatment could restore sufficient cognitive ability such that Terri Schiavo herself would be able to decide to continue life-prolonging measures. The court also heard motions from the Schindlers to remove the guardian (Michael Schiavo) and to require Judge Greer to 316:. Schiavo's parents disputed her husband's assertions and challenged Schiavo's medical diagnosis, arguing in favor of continuing artificial nutrition and hydration. The highly publicized and prolonged series of legal challenges presented by her parents, which ultimately involved state and federal politicians up to the level of 1491:

says that it neither implied that the memo originated from a Republican source nor that it was circulated by Republicans, though it did in fact make these assertions when it published the story by reporters Mike Allen and Manuel Roig-Franzia on its wire service on March 19, 2005. The authorship claim

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Since Terri Schiavo's death in March 2005, her family and Michael Schiavo have clashed a number of times. Each side has also worked to promote their own causes related to the case. In April 2005, the families disagreed over Schiavo's burial. The Schindlers had wanted her body to be buried in Florida,

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brief in which they opposed the removal of Schiavo's feeding tube. They also used the Schiavo case to advocate for federal review in cases where third parties decide to withdraw life support from patients unable to give consent. They argued that persistent vegetative state is frequently misdiagnosed,

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therapy, the success of which is unsupported in the medical literature. This ruling was later affirmed by Florida's Second District Court of Appeal, which stated that "this court has closely examined all of the evidence in the record", and "we have ... carefully observed the video tapes in their

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million as Terri was found partly at fault for her condition. After attorneys' fees and other expenses, Michael received $ 300,000 and $ 750,000 was put in a trust fund for Terri's medical care. According to Michael, in early 1993 the Schindlers demanded that he share the malpractice money with them.

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to remove her feeding tube pursuant to Florida law. He was opposed by Terri's parents, Robert and Mary Schindler. The court determined that Schiavo would not have wished to continue life-prolonging measures, and on April 24, 2001, her feeding tube was removed for the first time, only to be reinserted

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The seven-year case generated a great deal of public attention and activism. There was extensive media coverage and both sides courted public opinion. In 2000, the Schindlers created the Terri Schindler-Schiavo Foundation to garner support. During the weeks when Schiavo's feeding tube was removed in

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The "Terri Schiavo case" actually refers to a series of cases. It differed from the Quinlan and Cruzan cases by involving settled law rather than breaking new legal ground on the right-to-die issue. In 2006, Professor Lois Shepherd, PhD JD, states it was "unclear" whether the Schiavo case represents

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was conducted on April 1, 2005, and revealed extensive brain damage. The manner of death was certified as "undetermined." The autopsy was led by Chief Medical Examiner Jon R. Thogmartin. In addition to consultation with a neuropathologist (Stephen J. Nelson), Thogmartin also arranged for specialized

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opposed the removal of her feeding tube and, in a speech delivered on the Senate floor, challenged the diagnosis of Schiavo's physicians of Schiavo being in a persistent vegetative state (PVS): "I question it based on a review of the video footage which I spent an hour or so looking at last night in

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On February 28, 2005, the Schindlers filed a motion, asking for permission to attempt to provide Schiavo with "Food and Water by Natural Means". This second motion asked for permission to "attempt to feed" Schiavo by mouth. Judge Greer denied the second motion on March 8, saying "it has become clear

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and questions regarding Michael's credibility, Pearse recommended denying his petition to remove her feeding tube. Pearse reported that the issue of conflict of interest applied to the Schindlers as well since, had Michael divorced Terri as they wanted him to, they would have inherited the remainder

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but the doctor had failed to take her medical history into account which might have revealed an eating disorder. During the case, one of Terri's friends testified that she knew Schiavo was bulimic. In November 1992, Michael won the case and was awarded $ 6.8 million by the jury, later reduced to $ 2

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in 1985. Cruzan was diagnosed with PVS in 1983 and her legal case reached the Supreme Court, which ruled that "clear and convincing evidence" of her wishes to die under such circumstances was needed. Cruzan's family did not have enough evidence of that, but later produced more. She died after being

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that comprise some 70% of cortical cells – critical to the functioning of the cortex – were completely lost. The pattern of damage to the cortex, with injury tending to worsen from the front of the cortex to the back, was also typical. There was marked damage to important relay circuits deep in the

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The Schindlers continued operation of the Terri Schindler Schiavo Foundation, with a new goal of helping individuals in situations similar to Terri's. In April 2010, Michael Schiavo charged that the Schindlers were improperly using Terri's name, as he held the rights to it, and that the family was

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On June 18, 1990, the court appointed Michael Schiavo as Terri Schiavo's legal guardian; this appointment was not disputed by the Schindlers at the time. In May 1998, Michael Schiavo filed a petition to remove Terri Schiavo's feeding tube, which her parents opposed. Richard Pearse was appointed by

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in St. Petersburg, Florida, who previously treated Schiavo, cared for her during her initial admission to Humana Northside; both he and Victor Gambone, an internist and Schiavo family physician, independently made the diagnosis of persistent vegetative state within approximately one year after her

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The trial included testimony from eighteen witnesses regarding her medical condition and her end-of-life wishes. Michael Schiavo claimed that his wife would not want to be kept on a machine where her chance for recovery was minuscule. According to Abstract Appeal Trial Order, her parents "claimed

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and given a swallowing therapy called VitalStim. The motion was accompanied by thirty-three affidavits from doctors in several specialties, speech-language pathologists and therapists, and a few neuropsychologists, all urging that new tests be undertaken. Patricia Fields Anderson, the Schindler

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denied the petition, and wrote that "the Petition is an attempt by Mr. and Mrs. Schindler to re-litigate the entire case. It is not even a veiled or disguised attempt. The exhibits relied upon by them, clearly demonstrate this to be true." Regarding Iyer's statements, Greer wrote that they were

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Around the start of 2003, the Schindlers began to create more publicity by lobbying for their case to keep their daughter alive. On September 11, 2003, the Schindlers petitioned the court to forestall removal of the feeding tube in order to provide for "eight weeks' therapy". Accompanying the

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himself. Judge Greer denied the motions and the Schindlers appealed to the Second District Court of Appeals. On October 17, 2001, the Court of Appeal affirmed the denials of the motions to remove and recuse. The Court of Appeals acknowledged that their opinion misled the trial court, and they

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tests and required a feeding tube, Judge Greer ruled that she was not capable of orally ingesting sufficient nutrition and hydration to sustain life, and denied the request. The Medical Examiner in his postmortem report was more definitive and reaffirmed that Schiavo could not have swallowed.

857:, the medical professionals, the police and, believe it or not, Mr. and Mrs. Schindler ... It is impossible to believe that Mr. and Mrs. Schindler would not have subpoenaed Ms. Iyer for the January 2000 evidentiary hearing had Iyer contacted them in 1996 as her affidavit alleges." 731:

In April 2001, the Schindlers filed a motion for relief from judgment citing new evidence of Terri Schiavo's wishes. Judge Greer denied the motion as untimely under Rule 1.540(b)(5) of the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure. The Second District Court of Appeal upheld Greer's decision but

994:, passed their version of a relief bill; since the vote was taken by voice vote, there was no official tally of those voting in favor and those opposed. Soon after Senate approval, the House of Representatives passed an identical version of the bill S.686, which came to be called the " 966:

both Michael and Terri Schiavo to testify at a congressional hearing. Greer told congressional attorneys, "I have had no cogent reason why the (congressional) committee should intervene." He also stated that last-minute action by Congress does not invalidate years of court rulings.

1033:. American disability rights groups traditionally tend to ally themselves with Democrats and the political left; however, in the Schiavo case, they joined pro-life organizations in opposing the removal of her feeding tube and supporting the Palm Sunday Compromise. According to 1305:

and that the reasons for withdrawal of life support from a patient should be scrutinized since even family member surrogates can have conflicts of interest. The Palm Sunday Compromise granted the federal review they sought, but it was limited to only the Schiavo case.

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in decisions where the patient is incompetent. However, it is now more generally recognized that the next of kin's decisions should be carried out in a timely fashion, even on matters of life and death. The case has raised public awareness of the value of having an

1348:. In June 2005, however, Schiavo's ashes were buried in Florida instead. The words "I kept my promise" were included on the marker, referring to his promise to follow what he said was her wish not to be kept alive artificially. The statement angered the Schindlers. 906:(ACLU). At the same time, Robert and Mary Schindler, her parents, attempted to intervene and participate in the "Terri's Law" case but were denied by Judge W. Douglas Baird, a Circuit Judge in the Florida Sixth Circuit. They appealed, and, on February 13, 2004, the 821:

The five doctors examined Terri Schiavo's medical records, brain scans, the videos, and Terri herself. Cranford, Greer, and Bambakidis testified that Terri Schiavo was in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). Drs. Maxfield and Hammesfahr testified that she was in a

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Regarding the cause and manner of Schiavo's death, Thogmartin wrote, "Mrs. Schiavo suffered severe anoxic brain injury. The cause of which cannot be determined with reasonable medical certainty. The manner of death will therefore be certified as undetermined."

44: 891:(FDLE) to remove Schiavo from the hospice. She was taken to Morton Plant Rehabilitation Hospital in Clearwater, where her feeding tube was surgically reinserted. She was then returned to the hospice. Part of the legislation required the appointment of a 642:

Pearse found that there was no possibility of improvement but that Michael Schiavo's decisions might have been influenced by the potential to inherit what remained of Terri Schiavo's estate as long as he remained married to her. Due to a lack of a

853:"incredible to say the least" and that "Ms. Iyer details what amounts to a 15-month cover-up from April 1995 through July 1996, which include the staff of Palm Garden of Largo Convalescent Center, the Guardian of the Person, the guardian 899:, Jay Wolfson, to "deduce and represent the best wishes and best interests" of Schiavo, and report them to Governor Bush. Wolfson's report did not change Michael's role as her legal guardian and did not otherwise obstruct him legally. 1117:

itself weighed only 615 g (21.7 oz), only half the weight expected for a female of her age, height, and weight, due to the loss of a massive number of neurons. Microscopic examination revealed extensive damage to nearly all

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by the Second District Court of Appeal, an evidentiary hearing was held in Judge Greer's court to determine whether new therapy treatments could help Terri Schiavo restore any cognitive function. In preparation for the trial, a new

3061:"Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Jeb Bush, Governor of the State of Florida, and Charlie Crist, Attorney General of the State of Florida, Respondents, Case No. 03-008212-CI-20" 704:

In March 2000, the Schindlers filed a motion to permit assisted feeding of Terri, which is not considered a life-prolonging procedure under Florida law. Since clinical records indicated that Terri Schiavo was not responsive to

3229:"In re: The guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Respondents, File No. 90-2908-GD-003" 2744:"In re: The guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Respondents, File No. 90-2908-GB-003" 1151:

brain (the thalamus) – another common pathologic finding in cases of PVS. The damage was, in the words of Thogmartin, "irreversible, and no amount of therapy or treatment would have regenerated the massive loss of neurons."

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2005, activists kept up an around-the-clock vigil outside her hospice. The protests were described as loud but non-violent. There were dozens of arrests, with most being for crossing a police line with water for Schiavo.

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denounced the memo and asserted that the Republican Party's interest in the case was solely based on moral grounds. Darling remained silent about his authorship of the memo as commentators from the conservative magazine

2771:""In re: Guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Appellants, v. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Appellee", Case Number: 2D02-5394" 985:

and Congressional Republicans anticipated Greer's adverse ruling well before it was delivered and worked on a daily basis to find an alternative means of overturning the legal process by utilizing the authority of the

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the issue in order to give the Schindlers an opportunity to file a new motion. On April 24, 2001, Terri's feeding tube was removed for the first time. The Schindlers filed a civil suit against Michael Schiavo alleging

2680:"In re: Guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Appellants, v. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Appellee, Case Number: 2D01-3626" 2416:"In re Guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Appellants, v. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Appellee, Case Number: 2D00-1269" 4831: 1574: 543:

From 1990 to 1993, Michael Schiavo and the Schindlers (Terri Schiavo's parents) enjoyed an amicable relationship, with the Schindlers allowing Michael to live rent-free in their condominium for several months.

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In re: The guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Respondents, File No.

910:(Second District Court of Appeals) ordered Baird to hold further hearings on the issue. On March 17, 2004, Baird denied the Schindlers the right to intervene a second time. The Schindlers, represented by the 482:. Her medical chart contained a note that "she apparently has been trying to keep her weight down with dieting by herself, drinking liquids most of the time during the day and drinking about 10–15 glasses of 1355:, TerriPAC. It was formed to raise money to support right-to-die candidates and oppose candidates who had voted for government involvement in the Schiavo case. In 2007, TerriPAC paid a $ 1,350 fine to the 3088:"Order Relinquishing Case for Entry of Final Judgment and Order to Show Cause Why this Proceeding Should Not be Certified to the Supreme Court As Requiring Immediate Resolution", Case Number: 2D04-2045" 418:. She was the oldest of three children. Her mother reported that, as a child, Terri would spend hours in her bedroom arranging her collection of stuffed animals. As a teen, she enjoyed listening to 4325: 713:

In 2000, the Schindlers again challenged Michael Schiavo's guardianship. The Schindlers suggested that he was wasting the assets within the guardianship account by transferring Terri Schiavo to a

2589:""In re Guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Appellants, v. Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Appellee", 918:

date for June 14. The Schindlers' other attorney, Pat Anderson, was concurrently challenging Michael Schiavo's right to be her guardian, and, on June 16, 2004, she made a petition for writ of

3193:""Resondents' Fla.R.Civ.P.1.540(b)(5) Motion for relief from judgment pending contemporary medical/psychiatric/rehabilitative evaluation of Theresa Marie Schiavo", File Number: 90-2908GD-003" 1492:

was removed before publication of the print version on March 20, 2005. On April 6, 2005, Darling admitted to writing the memo, and resigned his position as legal counsel to Senator Martínez.

631:'s condition and prognosis is substantially shared among those physicians who have recently been involved in her treatment." Pearse concluded from Karp's and Vincent Gambone's diagnosis of 312:. Schiavo's husband and legal guardian argued that Schiavo would not have wanted prolonged artificial life support without the prospect of recovery, and, in 1998, he elected to remove her 3098: 2593:"Michael Schiavo, as Guardian of the person of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Appellant, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Appellees", Case Numbers: 2D00-1269, 2D01-1836, and 2D01-1891" 2224: 1838: 1389:

At the ten-year anniversary of Schiavo's death, several news sources offered retrospectives on the case, some still attempting to explain how this particular case became so notable.

1146:. The neuropathologic changes in her brain were precisely of the type seen in patients who enter a PVS following cardiac arrest. Throughout the cerebral cortex, the large pyramidal 560:. The treatment took several months and was unsuccessful. He returned to Florida with her in January 1991 and admitted her as an inpatient to the Mediplex Rehabilitation Center in 1257:, two landmark right-to-die cases. Quinlan entered a persistent vegetative state in 1975, and her family was allowed to remove her from a ventilator in 1976 after a ruling by the 3166: 2356: 4111: 757: 664:

during the week of January 24, 2000, to determine what Terri Schiavo's wishes would have been regarding life-prolonging procedures. Michael Schiavo was represented by attorney

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groups. Since Schiavo's death, both her husband and her family have written books on their sides of the case, and both have also been involved in activism over related issues.

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Quote: "She had developed hydrocephalus ex vacuo, a condition marked by enlarged ventricles filled with cerebrospinal fluid, because of this profound loss of cortical volume."

3516: 3384:"In re: The guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Michael Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Respondents, File No. 90-2908-GD-003" 3318:"In re: The guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated. Michael Schiavo, Petitioner, v. Robert Schindler and Mary Schindler, Respondents, File No. 90-2908-GD-003" 5349: 1078:

my office." After her death, the autopsy showed signs of long-term and irreversible damage to her brain consistent with PVS. Frist defended his actions after the autopsy.

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groups and activists closely monitored and involved themselves in the case. In March 2003, twelve disability rights groups, led by Not Dead Yet, along with four other

2890: 411: 1054:, the legal counsel to Florida Republican senator Mel Martínez. It suggested the Schiavo case offered "a great political issue" that would appeal to the party's 1213:

only after the memorial service; by then, the family had already started getting calls from reporters. The ashes were interred at Sylvan Abbey Memorial Park in

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On February 23, 2005, the Schindlers filed a motion for relief from judgment pending medical evaluations. The Schindlers wanted Schiavo to be tested with an

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Stacy, Mitch. "Schiavo's Remains Buried Amid Acrimony: Acrimony Between Terri Schiavo's Parents and Husband Continues As Her Remains Buried in Florida",

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Michael Schiavo had his wife's cremated remains interred in a cemetery on June 20, 2005. The Schindlers' attorney stated that the family was notified by

4080: 1278:. In that case, attorney George Felos, representing a Browning relative, successfully argued that Browning's feeding tube should be removed before the 3456: 2539: 4568: 4263: 3813: 3548: 5449: 1254: 4424: 4384: 3886: 3735: 2720: 2392: 1631: 5444: 5287: 3294: 1501: 866: 368: 151: 2832: 3642: 2859: 1947: 4520: 3087: 4906: 3033: 1804: 1770: 2195: 1434: 3599: 2686: 1874: 5202: 4203: 3860: 2217: 1830: 998:" and transferred jurisdiction of the Schiavo case to the federal courts. The bill passed the House on March 21, 2005, at 12:41 a.m. ( 3571: 564:. On July 19, 1991, Schiavo was transferred to the Sabal Palms Skilled Care Facility, where she received neurological testing and regular 5149: 3357: 2960: 2770: 1703: 1087: 2178: 1108:

Schiavo's body was taken to the Office of the District 6 Medical Examiner for Pinellas and Pasco counties, based in Largo, Florida. The

5439: 3351:"Emergency expedited motion for permission to provide Theresa Schiavo with food and water by natural means, File Number: 90-2908GD-003" 2444: 2348: 1040:

As in the state courts, all of the Schindlers' federal petitions and appeals were denied, and the U.S. Supreme Court declined to grant

685: 4054: 3390: 3235: 3156:"Jeb Bush, Governor of Florida, et al., Appellants, vs. Michael Schiavo, Guardian of Theresa Schiavo, Appellee, Case Number: SC04-925" 3155: 4103: 3324: 3132: 3064: 2747: 2509: 2323: 2252: 1600: 1377:

Despite the extended emotion-laden legal struggle, the case broke no new legal ground: it remains settled law that the spouse is the

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On October 15, 2003, Schiavo's feeding tube was removed. Within a week, when the Schindlers' final appeal was exhausted, State Rep.

3664: 3508: 3423: 2810: 2596: 2419: 5434: 3008: 2185:(for The Court). "Jeb Bush, Governor of Florida, et al., vs. Michael Schiavo, Guardian of Marissa Brown", Case Number: SC04-925, 2038:

Cranford, Ronald (Summer 2005). "Facts, Lies, and Videotapes: The Permanent Vegetative State and The Sad Case of Terri Schiavo".

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the authority to intervene in the case. Governor Bush immediately ordered the feeding tube be reinserted. Governor Bush sent the

781: 689: 553: 257: 4289: 2290: 2218:"Report of guardian ad litem", for "In re: the guardianship of Theresa Schiavo, an incapacitated person, Case No. 90-2908GD-003" 5313: 3760: 3266: 4851: 4777: 4703: 4029: 3793: 948: 888: 71: 4171: 3710: 410:

Terri Schiavo was born Theresa Marie Schindler to Mary (born 1941) and Robert Schindler (1937–2009) on December 3, 1963, in

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while Michael Schiavo said at the time that he would cremate her body and then have her ashes buried in her home state of

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and other publications questioned its authenticity. The source of the memo had not been disclosed by either ABC News or

4899: 4233: 3950: 3478: 1539: 1366:

In 2006, both Michael Schiavo and the Schindlers released books telling their sides of the story. Schiavo's was called

1119: 382: 3199: 1327:

conducted shortly after Schiavo's feeding tube was removed for the final time in 2005 showed that a large majority of

1037:, Harkin's support was necessary for passage of the bill, as any voice opposition by Democrats would have delayed it. 4803: 4790: 4763: 4750: 4737: 4724: 3581: 3094: 3037: 2137: 907: 639:

101(12). This includes the "absence of voluntary action" and an "inability to communicate or interact purposefully".

1426: 1406: 1063: 635:

that Schiavo was legally in a persistent vegetative state as defined by Florida Statutes, Title XLIV, Chapter 765,

519: 4593: 3909: 2951:"Transcript: Michael Schiavo on 'Nightline': Husband at the Heart of the 'Right to Die' Case Speaks to Chris Bury" 5069: 4616: 4485: 4472: 1331:

believed that Michael Schiavo should have had the authority to make decisions on behalf of his wife and that the

1030: 1029:

concerns in the Schiavo case. Harkin had worked with disability rights groups for years and co-authored the 1990

462:. They attempted to resuscitate her and she was transported to the Humana Northside Hospital. Paramedics had her 4871: 2092: 2561: 1860: 903: 427: 4137: 430:, where she met Michael Schiavo in 1982. The two began dating and married on November 10, 1984. They moved to 5256: 4892: 4076: 3448: 2955: 1970: 17: 4017:

If That Ever Happens to Me: Making Life and Death Decisions after Terri Schiavo (Studies in Social Medicine)

2535: 902:

Michael Schiavo opposed the Governor's intervention in Schiavo's case, and was represented, in part, by the

274:

was a series of court and legislative actions in the United States from 1998 to 2005, regarding the care of

4915: 4560: 3538: 1453: 364: 3878: 5429: 5266: 4409: 4369: 3732: 2712: 2384: 1812: 1641: 1417:. The memo suggested the Schiavo case offered "a great political issue" that would appeal to the party's 1356: 1191: 309: 250: 233: 166: 4460: 3698: 3284: 831:

entirety." The court concluded that "if we were called upon to review the guardianship court's decision

5363: 5323: 4631: 2836: 1939: 1352: 837:, we would still affirm it." This decision by the Second District Court of Appeals came to be known as 4669: 4650: 4343: 2863: 356:

hospice facility disconnected the feeding tube on March 18, 2005, and Schiavo died on March 31, 2005.

5225: 5076: 4933: 2004:"A report to Governor Jeb Bush and the Sixth Judicial Circuit in the matter of Theresa Marie Schiavo" 1383: 823: 799: 5343: 1778: 1463: 1258: 1059: 794: 733: 2264: 2192: 1875:"Robert Schindler, who fought to care for daughter Terri Schiavo, dies – Archdiocese of Baltimore" 914:(ACLJ), appealed the right to participate in the "Terri's Law" case, with the court scheduling an 434:

in 1986, following Terri's parents. Michael worked as a restaurant manager, while Terri took up a

5464: 5338: 5281: 5048: 4225: 4193: 3596: 2679: 577: 511: 447: 332: 324:, caused a seven-year (1998 to 2005) delay before Schiavo's feeding tube was ultimately removed. 217: 3634: 5099: 3727: 3289: 1511: 1438: 1332: 1094: 995: 987: 976: 960: 807: 714: 523: 495: 467: 353: 348: 243: 156: 141: 90: 3830: 3350: 2950: 2777: 1696: 5318: 5154: 5139: 3162: 2187: 2175: 2129: 2123: 1279: 1159: 669: 390: 5208: 4046: 4021: 4015: 3785: 2982: 2441: 1697:""Respondent Michael Schiavo's opposition to application for injunction", Case No.: 04A-825" 1359:

for failing to file complete and timely records. Schiavo shut down the PAC later that year.

4875: 3383: 3228: 1636: 1516: 1155: 569: 4255: 3317: 3124: 3060: 2743: 2502: 2317:"In re: the guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated", File No. 90-2908GD-003" 2316: 2249: 1608: 1158:

to be healthy, which excludes the possibility that her initial collapse was the result of

959:

Following Greer's order on March 18, 2005, to remove the feeding tube, Republicans in the

8: 5333: 5159: 5082: 4730:

Fighting for Dear Life: The Untold Story of Terri Schiavo and What It Means for All of Us

4588: 3665:"Autopsy: No sign Schiavo was abused: Findings show woman's brain 'profoundly atrophied'" 3543: 2913: 2463:"In re: the guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated, File No. 90-2908GD-003" 2462: 1468: 1214: 1162:, although there was a localized area of healed inflammation (opening the possibility of 876: 810:

showed no measurable brain activity. The five physicians chosen were William Maxfield, a

773: 557: 207: 4521:

A decade after Terri Schiavo's feeding tube was disconnected, her family's pain lives on

1070:, because he had refused to co-sponsor the bill. Nelson easily won re-election in 2006. 518:, and a serious consequence of hypokalemia can be heart rhythm abnormalities, including 5303: 5246: 5189: 5028: 4879: 4198: 3672: 3620: 3416: 2806: 2647: 2588: 2415: 2071: 2051: 1046:, effectively ending the Schindlers' judicial options. At the same time, the so-called 573: 561: 515: 446:

In the early morning of February 25, 1990, Terri Schiavo collapsed in a hallway of her

2835:. Fox News via American Patriot Friends Network (APFN). March 25, 2005. Archived from 2003: 605:

as the cause of her infertility. Terri had gone to the doctor because she had stopped

5298: 5251: 5109: 5104: 5038: 4958: 4799: 4796:

A Life That Matters: The Legacy of Terri Schiavo – A Lesson For Us All

4786: 4773: 4759: 4746: 4733: 4720: 4699: 4692: 4561:"The Seattle Times: Nation & World: GOP memo says issue offers political rewards" 4285: 4167: 4025: 3835: 3789: 3778: 3577: 2639: 2283:"State of Florida. Florida Statutes, Citation of Law, §765.101(12), Florida Statutes" 2133: 2063: 2055: 1291: 1271: 1250: 1195: 1026: 991: 928: 892: 620: 394: 4953: 3757: 2651: 2075: 5389: 5195: 5184: 5174: 5144: 5094: 5088: 3825: 3752: 3615: 3263: 2631: 2286: 2047: 1673: 1604: 1444:

Martínez stated that he had not read the memo before he inadvertently passed it to

1203: 1003: 803: 340: 285: 4848: 1913: 1888: 5413: 5401: 5276: 5261: 5129: 5119: 5018: 4943: 4855: 4835: 4823: 3764: 3739: 3714: 3707: 3702: 3603: 3270: 2448: 2282: 2268: 2256: 2199: 2182: 2160: 1479: 1418: 1123: 1097: 1055: 880: 872: 765: 602: 3989: 3153: 1410: 1018: 438:

job with an insurance company. She had naturally dark hair, but dyed it blonde.

5377: 5271: 5236: 5231: 5033: 5023: 5008: 4963: 3780:

If That Ever Happens to Me: Making Life and Death Decisions After Terri Schiavo

1744: 1506: 1034: 982: 677: 565: 479: 423: 360: 328: 321: 317: 4448: 2215: 2153: 1914:"CNN.com - Terri Schiavo's life, death sparked national debate - Mar 31, 2005" 1889:"CNN.com - Terri Schiavo's life, death sparked national debate - Mar 31, 2005" 1452:, a Democratic supporter of the Palm Sunday Compromise legislation which gave 1437:, because he had refused to co-sponsor the bill which came to be known as the 5423: 5308: 5134: 5043: 4983: 4948: 2619: 2059: 1402: 1398: 1328: 1300: 1131: 1051: 1014: 915: 833: 769: 194: 189: 3958: 3482: 1601:"§ 765.401 of Florida Statutes – Health Care Advance Directives – The proxy" 1547: 458:

call, found her face-down and unconscious. She was not breathing and had no

5241: 5164: 5013: 5003: 4716: 3839: 3814:"The evolution of surrogates' right to terminate life-sustaining treatment" 3417:""Subpoena", Committee on Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives" 3192: 2643: 2067: 1456: 1345: 1324: 1199: 1047: 920: 849: 827: 718: 665: 661: 606: 598: 415: 336: 313: 212: 202: 161: 4532:

The audacity of Jeb Bush: A governor goes all in on the Terri Schiavo case

4504: 2768: 2677: 2635: 2586: 818:: William Hammesfahr, Ronald Cranford, Melvin Greer and Peter Bambakidis. 4993: 4546: 4449:

Ten Years After Terri Schiavo, Death Debates Still Divide Us: Bioethicist

4311: 1663: 1422: 1378: 1163: 1135: 1114: 1086:

On March 24, 2005, Judge Greer denied a petition for intervention by the

657: 644: 594: 531: 487: 435: 419: 171: 5396: 4847:

Conigliaro, Matt, Esq., Editor of "Abstract Appeal" Legal Blog. (2005).

4819:

These are compilations of legal documents relating to the Schiavo case:

4689: 3573:

Bill Frist : a senator speaks out on ethics, respect and compassion

2776:. Florida Second District Court of Appeal. pp. 9–10. Archived from 2250:"In re: The Guardianship of Theresa Marie Schiavo, Incapacitated", (PDF) 627:, and on December 29, 1998, reported "Dr. Jeffrey Karp's opinion of the 5114: 4998: 4988: 4938: 4884: 3414: 3154:

Pariente, Barbara Chief Justice (for The Court). (September 23, 2004).

1473: 1449: 1139: 1074: 1042: 1022: 934:

The Florida Supreme Court then overturned the law as unconstitutional.

706: 681: 628: 463: 451: 377: 375:, the U.S. Congress, and President George W. Bush; and four denials of 4690:

Caplan, Arthur L.; James J. McCartney; Dominic A. Sisti, eds. (2006).

4402: 4362: 4170:(Press release). Terri Schiavo Life & Hope Network press release. 2154:"Sudden Arrhythmia death Syndrome: Importance of the Long QT Syndrome" 1372:

A Life that Matters: The Legacy of Terri Schiavo – A Lesson for Us All

308:; December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible 5328: 3085: 1262: 1187: 1154:

The cardiac pathologist who studied Schiavo's heart found it and the

1147: 999: 937: 815: 811: 768:, showing loss of brain tissue. The black area is liquid, indicating 699: 491: 4571:

from the original on January 27, 2007 – via The Seattle Times.

4420: 4380: 2413: 2216:

Pearse, Richard L. Jr. P.A. Guardian Ad Litem. (December 29, 1998).

4490: 3449:"Schiavo's feeding tube removed despite congressional intervention" 1143: 1127: 963: 884: 538: 486:." Upon admission to the hospital, she was noted as suffering from 483: 372: 4861: 1081: 756: 3982:"Disability Rights Groups File Amicus Brief in Terri Schiavo Case 1430: 1414: 1109: 1067: 1050:

surfaced, causing a political firestorm. The memo was written by

761: 738: 507: 431: 4168:"Terri Schindler Schiavo Foundation Changes Name; Hones Mission" 5124: 4743:

Remembering Terri Schiavo: Reflections of a Health Care Warrior

3058: 2678:

Altenbernd, Chris W. Judge (for The Court) (October 17, 2001).

1178: 785: 503: 363:, petitions, and hearings in the Florida courts; five suits in 4194:"Schiavo Protesters Have Hearts on Sleeves and Anger on Signs" 3381: 3315: 3226: 2911: 2741: 2460: 2314: 748: 1668: 1007: 499: 459: 455: 3695: 2587:

Altenbernd, Chris W. Judge (for The Court) (July 11, 2001).

2349:"Florida Woman Dies Attached to a Tube; Legal Fight Goes On" 4756:

Terri's Story: The Court-Ordered Death of an American Woman

4347: 3618:(2005). "Schiavo Autopsy Renews Debate on G.O.P. Actions". 2769:

Altenbernd, Chris W. Judge (for The Court) (June 6, 2003).

1540:"Schiavo Videotapes Offer Powerful But Misleading Evidence" 1445: 764:

of normal brain; Right: Schiavo's 2002 CT scan provided by

344: 300: 294: 3415:

Davis, Tom Chairman (for The Committee) (March 18, 2005).

1335:

overstepped its bounds with its intervention in the case.

860: 636: 291: 43: 5350:

Greenberg v. Miami Children's Hospital Research Institute

4713:

Silent Witness: The Untold Story of Terri Schiavo's Death

2414:

Altenbernd, Chris W. (for The Court) (January 24, 2001).

1577:. The University of Miami Ethics Programs. Archived from 1210: 530:(PEG) feeding tube. Garcia J. DeSousa, a board-certified 502:(the normal range for adults is 3.5–5.0 mEq/L). Her 385:. The case also spurred highly visible activism from the 371:

at the levels of the Florida state legislature, Governor

3034:"State of Florida "Case Docket", Case Number: 2D04-1528" 2503:""Report of Autopsy" for Theresa Schiavo, Case #5050439" 1861:"How to Deal with Terri Schiavo's Tragedy Splits Family" 1013:

While the bill had been proposed by Republican Senators

680:

who would not wish to violate the Church's teachings on

412:

Lower Moreland Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania

4549:. Associated Press. April 6, 2005 – via NBC News. 3725:"Schiavo's parents planning a funeral Mass for today", 3693:

Pavone, Frank A. "Father Frank A. Pavone – Biography",

2685:. Florida Second District Court of Appeal. p. 12. 3597:

Medical Examiner's Report on the Schiavo Autopsy (PDF)

3086:

Birkhold, James Clerk (for The Court) (May 12, 2004).

668:, who had won a landmark right-to-die case before the 522:. Schiavo was eventually switched from being fed by a 5361: 4505:

Terri Schiavo Documentary: The Case's Enduring Legacy

4328:. University of Miami Ethics Programs. Archived from 2912:

Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (September 17, 2003).

2533: 1338: 1315:

Public opinion and activism in the Terri Schiavo case

1194:

for her at the Holy Name of Jesus Catholic Church in

1010:

in order to sign the bill into law at 1:11 a.m.

572:

until 1994. In mid-1993, Michael Schiavo requested a

478:

The cause of Schiavo's collapse was determined to be

4829:

The University of Miami Ethics Programs' compilation

4694:

The Case of Terri Schiavo: Ethics at the End of Life

4419:. Terri Schiavo Life & Hope Network. 2010. from 4379:. Terri Schiavo Life & Hope Network. 2010. from 3316:

Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (February 25, 2005).

3009:"Judge: Schiavo's parents can't join fight over law" 2742:

Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (November 22, 2002).

2442:

US District Court Case No. 8:05-CV-530-T-27TBM (PDF)

2315:

Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (February 11, 2000).

2166:. 2003 Aug 1;68(3):483–488. Retrieved July 26, 2011. 1058:(core supporters) and could be used against Senator 552:

In November 1990, Michael Schiavo took Terri to the

547: 297: 4077:"Schiavo's parents turn to court of public opinion" 4020:. The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 3509:"Congress Ready to Again Debate End-of-Life Issues" 3348: 3190: 2618:Fins, Joseph; Nicholas Schiff (September 1, 2005). 2617: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2261: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 802:scan (CAT scan) was performed, which showed severe 327:On February 25, 1990, at age 26, Schiavo went into 288: 4864:. Retrieved 2005-08-30. Includes the initial 1999 4691: 4651:"Leaving the Anchor Desk, Its Greatest Generation" 4541: 4539: 4461:How Terri Schiavo Shaped the Right-to-Die Movement 4131: 4129: 3777: 3502: 3500: 3481:. Associated Press. March 18, 2005. Archived from 2500: 1805:"Terri Schiavo's Family Profiting From Foundation" 1206:anti-abortion organization, delivered the homily. 938:Final feeding tube removal and federal involvement 772:. The small white piece in the right image is the 700:Oral feeding and the second guardianship challenge 613: 359:The Schiavo case involved 14 appeals and numerous 3861:"Karen Ann Quinlan dies after 10 years in a coma" 3576:. Washington, D.C.: Monument Press. p. 195. 3285:"Too thin a line between life, death for Schiavo" 2939:Direct quote from pages 5–6 of this 9-page Order. 2322:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. pp. 9–10. 1664:"Schiavo autopsy shows irreversible brain damage" 5421: 5288:Moore v. Regents of the University of California 4417:About us – Terri Schiavo Life & Hope Network 4377:About us – Terri Schiavo Life & Hope Network 4160: 4136:Nohlgren, Stephen; Zucco, Tom (March 28, 2005). 3807: 3805: 3382:Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (March 8, 2005). 3227:Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (March 9, 2005). 3122: 2804: 2461:Greer, George W. Circuit Judge (March 7, 2000). 2371: 1721: 1502:Government involvement in the Terri Schiavo case 1462:After the existence of the memo was reported by 1021:, it also had the support of Democratic Senator 867:Government involvement in the Terri Schiavo case 660:, a trial was held before Pinellas County Judge 539:Relationship between Terri's husband and parents 454:, arriving in response to her husband Michael's 4536: 4126: 3497: 3282: 3222: 3220: 3059:Baird, W. Douglas Circuit Judge (May 5, 2005). 2860:"Michael Schiavo's character is mixed portrait" 2223:. Hospice Patients Alliance. pp. 2, 8–11. 1764: 1762: 1397:During the Terri Schiavo case in March 2005, a 1082:Final local motions, death, autopsy, and burial 692:(2nd DCA) and came to be known by the court as 441: 4768:"Terri Schiavo: When Does Personhood End?" in 4670:"Counsel to GOP Senator Wrote Memo On Schiavo" 4475:cbsnews.com, Radhika Chalasani, March 31, 2016 4069: 3539:"GOP memo says issue offers political rewards" 3323:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit]. p. 3. 2310: 2308: 1824: 1822: 1798: 1796: 1308: 473: 4900: 4286:"Parents Hold Funeral Mass for Terri Schiavo" 4135: 4007: 3988:. National Right to Life News. Archived from 3853: 3802: 3234:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. p. 2. 2496: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2115: 651: 251: 5203:Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital 4218: 4038: 3973: 3942: 3871: 3217: 2536:"Second amended petition to remove guardian" 2508:. co.pinellas.fl.us/forensics/. p. 34. 2121: 2001: 1931: 1759: 1351:In December 2005, Michael Schiavo created a 556:, for experimental nerve stimulation with a 4592:. Vol. 10, no. 27. Archived from 4451:nbc news.com, March 31, 2015, Arthur Caplan 4095: 3811: 3264:Transcript for Sunday, March 27, 2005 (PDF) 2948: 2595:. Florida Second District Court of Appeal. 2418:. Florida Second District Court of Appeal. 2341: 2305: 2033: 2031: 1819: 1793: 1261:based on her right of privacy. She died of 1239: 1088:Florida Department of Children and Families 5460:Medical controversies in the United States 5299:Medical Experimentation on Black Americans 4907: 4893: 4785:by Michael Schiavo, Michael Hirsh (2006), 4606: 2620:"In Brief: The Afterlife of Terri Schiavo" 2487: 2093:"Schiavo case highlights eating disorders" 2087: 2085: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1741:"Rights groups for disabled join in fight" 1569: 1567: 1565: 1249:The Schiavo case has been compared to the 927:On May 5, 2004, Baird found "Terri's Law" 793:in its later rulings. In October 2002, on 648:of Terri Schiavo's estate upon her death. 258: 244: 42: 4047:"Schiavo's Case May Reshape American Law" 3831:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.9.hlaw1-0609 3829: 3784:. Univ of North Carolina Press. pp. 3349:Gibbs, David C. III (February 27, 2005). 3191:Gibbs, David C. III (February 23, 2005). 2884: 2534:Anderson, Patricia F. (January 1, 2003). 2383:Levesque, William R. (October 13, 2003). 2211: 2209: 2207: 2040:The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 2009:. abstractappeal.com. pp. 2, 8, 10. 1630:Levesque, William R. (November 8, 2003). 1073:Republican majority leader and physician 970: 5450:2000s controversies in the United States 5237:Albert Kligman's dermatology experiments 4914: 4547:"Senator's office produced Schiavo memo" 4044: 4013: 3951:"Schiavo Case Could Cause Change In Law" 3907: 3775: 3506: 2862:. Orange County Register. Archived from 2713:"Schiavo tapes: snippets, then not much" 2710: 2538:. libertytothecaptives.net. p. 14. 2385:"Right-to-die law defined by local case" 2382: 2037: 2028: 1629: 1177: 755: 601:on the basis that he failed to diagnose 583: 335:. She was resuscitated, but had massive 5445:1998 controversies in the United States 5294:Surgery to try to improve mental health 4083:from the original on September 27, 2012 4079:. Associated Press. February 15, 2005. 3910:"Terri Schiavo: Unsettling The Settled" 3865:St. Petersburg (FL) Evening Independent 3812:Stonecipher, Matthew (September 2006). 3507:Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (March 28, 2005). 3095:Florida Second District Court of Appeal 3038:Florida Second District Court of Appeal 2813:from the original on September 27, 2007 2711:Nohlgren, Stephen (November 10, 2003). 2082: 1988: 1968: 1562: 1401:memo on the controversy was written by 1290:During the years of legal proceedings, 1229:Departed this Earth / February 25, 1990 908:Florida Second District Court of Appeal 861:Terri's Law and other government delays 782:Florida Second District Court of Appeal 780:On August 10, 2001, on remand from the 690:Florida Second District Court of Appeal 554:University of California, San Francisco 14: 5422: 4581: 4463:time.com, Josh Sanburn, March 31, 2015 4430:from the original on February 11, 2023 4410:"life&hope Volume 2 / 2nd Edition" 4390:from the original on February 11, 2023 4370:"life&hope Volume 2 / 1st Edition" 4312:"Even in Death, Acrimony over Schiavo" 4206:from the original on December 10, 2011 4174:from the original on November 30, 2010 4138:"Schiavo case has myriad fund sources" 4101: 4045:Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (April 1, 2005). 3948: 3459:from the original on February 17, 2006 3429:from the original on September 4, 2005 3283:Troxler, Howard (September 15, 2003). 2963:from the original on December 26, 2005 2658:from the original on December 11, 2012 2230:from the original on February 11, 2006 2204: 2103:from the original on November 29, 2011 1768: 1738: 1702:. Blue Dolphin Publishing. p. 9. 1632:"Schiavo's wishes recalled in records" 1225:Schiavo / Theresa Marie / Beloved Wife 4888: 4798:by Mary and Robert Schindler (2005), 4667: 4648: 4629: 4292:from the original on October 17, 2012 4236:from the original on January 19, 2013 4114:from the original on January 20, 2013 3917:Loyola University Chicago Law Journal 3569: 2893:from the original on October 27, 2006 2857: 2800: 2798: 2723:from the original on January 11, 2008 2568:from the original on October 31, 2012 2564:. The Florida Bar. December 1, 2005. 2542:from the original on February 6, 2006 2395:from the original on December 3, 2013 2146: 1841:from the original on October 16, 2013 1828: 1709:from the original on January 13, 2006 1694: 1537: 1533: 1531: 942: 889:Florida Department of Law Enforcement 576:order for her after she contracted a 494:level was an abnormally low 2.0 72:Lower Moreland Township, Pennsylvania 48:Terri Schiavo with her mother in 2001 4148:from the original on August 29, 2013 3979: 3645:from the original on August 29, 2006 3641:. Associated Press. March 26, 2005. 3455:. Associated Press. March 18, 2005. 2825: 2501:Thogmartin, Jon R. (June 13, 2005). 1937: 1802: 1285: 990:. On March 20, 2005, the Senate, by 387:United States anti-abortion movement 4607:Hinderaker, John (March 27, 2005). 4473:A look back: The Terri Schiavo case 4288:. Associated Press. April 6, 2005. 4226:"Schiavo Protesters' Passions Rise" 4057:from the original on March 16, 2015 3363:from the original on March 25, 2006 3135:from the original on April 25, 2006 2833:"Fox interview of Carla Sauer Iyer" 2692:from the original on March 11, 2006 2359:from the original on March 12, 2017 2355:. Associated Press. July 19, 1989. 1695:Felos, George J. (March 24, 2005). 1607:. November 22, 2006. Archived from 1370:, while the Schindlers' was titled 1266:removed from life support in 1990. 1190:. Her parents organized a memorial 912:American Center for Law and Justice 528:percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy 24: 4849:The Terri Schiavo Information Page 4683: 4314:. Associated Press. June 21, 2005. 4266:from the original on June 29, 2011 3949:Sommer, David (October 19, 2003). 3635:"Report: State Tried Schiavo Grab" 3551:from the original on March 6, 2011 3519:from the original on April 2, 2015 3396:from the original on July 25, 2011 3389:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. 3330:from the original on July 25, 2011 3241:from the original on July 25, 2011 3123:Conigliaro, Matt (June 10, 2004). 3067:from the original on June 23, 2011 3063:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. 2929:from the original on July 10, 2007 2922:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. 2858:Breed, Allen G. (March 25, 2005). 2805:Carla Sauer Iyer (March 2, 2005). 2795: 2746:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. 2562:"Florida Rules of Civil Procedure" 2515:from the original on June 18, 2013 2468:. Florida Sixth Judicial Circuit. 2052:10.1111/j.1748-720x.2005.tb00501.x 1971:"Before tragedy, an ordinary life" 1950:from the original on June 28, 2011 1831:"Schiavo turns rage into TerriPAC" 1829:Lytle, Tamara (December 8, 2005). 1769:Neuman, Clayton (March 27, 2006). 1528: 1459:to review the Terri Schiavo case. 1421:and could be used against Senator 1339:Developments since Schiavo's death 490:(low potassium levels): her serum 383:Supreme Court of the United States 25: 5476: 5440:2005 disestablishments in Florida 4809: 4698:. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. 4494:, Michael Kruse, January 29, 2015 4421:https://www.lifeandhope.com/about 4381:https://www.lifeandhope.com/about 3889:from the original on May 14, 2016 3205:from the original on May 26, 2006 3104:from the original on May 14, 2005 2750:from the original on July 9, 2011 2599:from the original on July 9, 2011 2475:from the original on July 7, 2011 2422:from the original on July 7, 2011 2329:from the original on July 7, 2011 2293:from the original on May 17, 2013 2248:Greer, George W., Circuit Judge. 2016:from the original on July 7, 2011 2002:Wolfson, Jay (December 1, 2003). 1969:Reports, Staff (March 27, 2005). 1938:Frey, Jennifer (March 25, 2005). 548:Rehabilitation efforts: 1990–1993 5407: 5395: 5383: 5371: 4661: 4642: 4630:Kurtz, Howard (March 30, 2005). 4623: 4600: 4575: 4553: 4525: 4514: 4497: 3930:from the original on May 2, 2016 3479:"Schiavo's Feeding Tube Removed" 3297:from the original on May 9, 2006 3172:from the original on May 5, 2006 2176:Pariente, Barbara, Chief Justice 1940:"Terri Schiavo's Unstudied Life" 1276:Guardianship of Estelle Browning 686:refusing nutrition and hydration 520:sudden arrhythmia death syndrome 369:extensive political intervention 284: 229: 228: 27:American right-to-die legal case 5070:Betancourt v. Trinitas Hospital 4649:Kurtz, Howard (April 4, 2005). 4632:"Doubts Raised On Schiavo Memo" 4478: 4466: 4454: 4442: 4336: 4318: 4304: 4278: 4248: 4186: 3901: 3769: 3744: 3719: 3687: 3657: 3627: 3609: 3590: 3563: 3531: 3471: 3441: 3408: 3375: 3342: 3309: 3276: 3253: 3184: 3147: 3116: 3079: 3052: 3026: 3001: 2975: 2942: 2905: 2878: 2851: 2762: 2735: 2704: 2671: 2611: 2580: 2554: 2527: 2454: 2434: 2407: 2275: 2242: 2169: 1962: 1906: 1881: 1867: 1853: 1739:Easton, Nina (March 23, 2005). 1392: 1244: 1031:Americans with Disabilities Act 614:Petition to remove feeding tube 111: 5435:1998 establishments in Florida 5314:Radioactive iodine experiments 4732:by David C. Gibbs III (2006), 4582:Barnes, Fred (April 4, 2005). 3671:. June 7, 2005. Archived from 2949:Bury, Chris (March 15, 2005). 1688: 1656: 1623: 1593: 1538:Smith, Brad (March 20, 2005). 1220:The epitaph (pictured) reads: 904:American Civil Liberties Union 588: 428:Bucks County Community College 349:Sixth Circuit Court of Florida 13: 1: 5257:Guatemala syphilis experiment 4668:Allen, Mike (April 7, 2005). 4104:"The Case of Theresa Schiavo" 4102:Didion, Joan (June 9, 2005). 2983:"Schiavo Case Still In Court" 2885:Heidi Law (January 1, 2002). 2630:(4). The Hastings Center: 8. 1803:Wade, Jake (April 30, 2010). 1522: 848:On September 17, 2003, Judge 724: 405: 400: 4423:, "Vol. 2 – 2010, Issue 2". 4383:, "Vol. 2 – 2010, Issue 1". 4256:"Schiavo Politics, Up Close" 4108:The New York Review of Books 450:apartment. Firefighters and 442:Initial medical crisis: 1990 7: 5455:Deaths by person in Florida 5267:Human radiation experiments 4745:by Audrey Ignatoff (2005), 3879:"The Death of Nancy Cruzan" 2267:September 26, 2011, at the 1495: 1357:Federal Election Commission 1309:Public opinion and activism 879:passed "Terri's Law" in an 633:Persistent Vegetative State 474:Initial medical assessments 341:lack of oxygen to her brain 310:persistent vegetative state 167:Persistent vegetative state 147:Public opinion and activism 10: 5481: 5324:Stanford prison experiment 4834:November 16, 2014, at the 4609:"Fake but Accurate Again?" 4326:"Schiavo Timeline, Part 2" 3776:Shepherd, Lois L. (2009). 3738:September 6, 2005, at the 2624:The Hastings Center Report 2447:February 13, 2006, at the 2440:See, for instance p. 6 of 2128:. William Morrow. p. 1771:"Another Schiavo Skirmish" 1575:"Schiavo Timeline, Part 1" 1353:political action committee 1312: 1103: 974: 864: 652:Schiavo end-of-life wishes 5226:Abdullahi v. Pfizer, Inc. 5217: 5173: 5077:Commonwealth v. Twitchell 5057: 4972: 4934:Betty and George Coumbias 4922: 4862:Hospice Patients Alliance 4770:The Elements of Bioethics 4486:Jeb 'Put Me Through Hell' 3713:February 6, 2005, at the 3602:October 13, 2016, at the 2262:Fla. 6th Judicial Circuit 2181:October 31, 2012, at the 1472:, Senate Majority Leader 1435:up for reelection in 2006 1384:advance medical directive 1198:on April 5, 2005. Father 1173: 824:minimally conscious state 800:computed axial tomography 752:: PVS diagnosis challenge 593:In 1992, Michael filed a 516:drinking excessive fluids 98: 79: 53: 41: 34: 5344:Willowbrook State School 4772:, Gregory Pence (2007), 4584:"The ABCs of Media Bias" 3701:January 2, 2019, at the 2259:File No. 90-2908GD-003, 1259:New Jersey Supreme Court 1240:Ethical and legal issues 1093:Terri Schiavo died at a 676:that Terri was a devout 524:nasogastric feeding tube 126:Articles relating to the 5339:Tuskegee Syphilis Study 5282:Joseph Gilbert Hamilton 5061:parent/patient/guardian 5059:Medical opinion against 4858:. Retrieved 2005-08-31. 4758:by Diana Lynne (2005), 4014:Shepherd, Lois (2009). 3908:Shepherd, Lois (2006). 2198:April 16, 2005, at the 1405:, the legal counsel to 1231:At peace March 31, 2005 776:implanted in her brain. 578:urinary tract infection 535:sudden cardiac arrest. 448:St. Petersburg, Florida 426:romances. She attended 333:St. Petersburg, Florida 218:George Euripides Tragos 58:Theresa Marie Schindler 5100:Archie Battersbee case 4854:April 1, 2005, at the 3763:June 29, 2011, at the 3728:Saint Petersburg Times 3290:Saint Petersburg Times 3269:June 29, 2011, at the 1512:Terri Schiavo timeline 1439:Palm Sunday Compromise 1251:Karen Ann Quinlan case 1237: 1183: 996:Palm Sunday Compromise 988:United States Congress 977:Palm Sunday Compromise 971:Palm Sunday Compromise 961:United States Congress 777: 770:hydrocephalus ex vacuo 745:in its later rulings. 715:Pinellas Park, Florida 696:in its later rulings. 619:the court as a second 365:federal district court 157:Palm Sunday Compromise 152:Government involvement 91:Pinellas Park, Florida 5319:Skid Row Cancer Study 5155:Spiro Nikolouzos case 5140:Joseph Maraachli case 4872:Terri Schiavo Archive 4824:Findlaw's compilation 4596:on December 19, 2005. 3163:Florida Supreme Court 2887:"Heidi Law Affidavit" 2636:10.1353/hcr.2005.0038 2255:July 7, 2011, at the 2191:, September 23, 2004 2188:Florida Supreme Court 2122:Mark Fuhrman (2005). 2099:. February 26, 2005. 1280:Florida Supreme Court 1227:Born December 3, 1963 1222: 1202:, the founder of the 1182:Schiavo's gravemarker 1181: 1160:myocardial infarction 1006:from his vacation in 759: 670:Florida Supreme Court 597:suit against Terri's 584:Legal cases 1992–2005 512:Electrolyte imbalance 391:right-to-die movement 276:Theresa Marie Schiavo 5334:Plutonium injections 4916:Medical ethics cases 4876:Ave Maria University 4142:St. Petersburg Times 3570:Frist, Bill (2005). 3485:on December 15, 2005 2717:St. Petersburg Times 2389:St. Petersburg Times 2159:May 2, 2012, at the 1815:on January 16, 2013. 1781:on November 26, 2012 1637:St. Petersburg Times 1581:on November 16, 2014 1517:Vincent Lambert case 656:Given the lack of a 570:occupational therapy 510:levels were normal. 5160:Aruna Shanbaug case 5083:Mordechai Dov Brody 4674:The Washington Post 4655:The Washington Post 4636:The Washington Post 4613:The Weekly Standard 4589:The Weekly Standard 4565:The Washington Post 4350:on October 10, 2007 4332:on January 9, 2018. 3961:on October 23, 2003 3544:The Washington Post 2272:, February 11, 2000 1863:. October 26, 2003. 1611:on December 8, 2008 1489:The Washington Post 1485:The Washington Post 1469:The Washington Post 1215:Clearwater, Florida 1186:Schiavo's body was 1100:on March 31, 2005. 877:Florida Legislature 774:thalamic stimulator 558:thalamic stimulator 514:is often caused by 208:James D. Whittemore 5430:Terri Schiavo case 5304:Milgram experiment 5247:Deep sleep therapy 5209:Christiane Völling 5190:Gillick competence 4880:Ave Maria, Florida 4874:Canizaro Library. 4509:The New York Times 4262:. March 25, 2005. 4202:. March 28, 2005. 4199:The New York Times 4051:The New York Times 3885:. March 24, 1992. 3621:The New York Times 3513:The New York Times 3129:abstractappeal.com 2353:The New York Times 1644:on January 6, 2006 1234:I kept my promise 1184: 943:Early 2005 motions 841:in later rulings. 778: 750:Schiavo III and IV 574:do not resuscitate 562:Bradenton, Florida 272:Terri Schiavo case 199:William Hammesfahr 132:Terri Schiavo case 5359: 5358: 5110:Tirhas Habtegiris 5105:Charlie Gard case 5039:Karen Ann Quinlan 4959:Piergiorgio Welby 4842:Information sites 4778:978-0-07-313277-8 4705:978-1-59102-398-2 4619:on April 1, 2012. 4567:. April 4, 2005. 4031:978-0-8078-3295-0 3795:978-0-8078-8864-3 3675:on April 21, 2006 3616:Kornblut, Anne E. 3547:. April 4, 2005. 3040:. January 1, 2004 2839:on March 26, 2005 1550:on March 20, 2005 1292:disability rights 1286:Disability rights 1272:landmark decision 1255:Nancy Cruzan case 1027:disability rights 992:unanimous consent 881:emergency session 395:disability rights 268: 267: 121: 120: 16:(Redirected from 5472: 5412: 5411: 5410: 5400: 5399: 5388: 5387: 5386: 5376: 5375: 5374: 5367: 5185:Ashley Treatment 5175:Informed consent 5145:Jahi McMath case 5095:Alfie Evans case 5089:Lantz v. Coleman 4909: 4902: 4895: 4886: 4885: 4783:Terri: The Truth 4709: 4697: 4678: 4677: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4646: 4640: 4639: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4615:. Archived from 4604: 4598: 4597: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4534: 4529: 4523: 4518: 4512: 4511:, April 21, 2014 4501: 4495: 4482: 4476: 4470: 4464: 4458: 4452: 4446: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4429: 4414: 4406: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4389: 4374: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4346:. Archived from 4340: 4334: 4333: 4322: 4316: 4315: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4252: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4222: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4190: 4184: 4183: 4181: 4179: 4164: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4133: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4042: 4036: 4035: 4011: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3992:on June 10, 2014 3977: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3957:. Archived from 3955:Tampa Bay Online 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3929: 3914: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3867:. June 12, 1985. 3857: 3851: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3833: 3809: 3800: 3799: 3783: 3773: 3767: 3756:, June 21, 2005 3753:Associated Press 3748: 3742: 3731:, April 5, 2005 3723: 3717: 3696:Priests for Life 3691: 3685: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3631: 3625: 3613: 3607: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3567: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3504: 3495: 3494: 3492: 3490: 3475: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464: 3445: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3428: 3421: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3395: 3388: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3362: 3355: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3329: 3322: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3280: 3274: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3240: 3233: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3204: 3197: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3171: 3160: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3103: 3097:. pp. 6–7. 3092: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3005: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2946: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2928: 2921: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2829: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2802: 2793: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2783:on July 26, 2004 2782: 2775: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2691: 2684: 2675: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2615: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2584: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2558: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2514: 2507: 2498: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2474: 2467: 2458: 2452: 2438: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2411: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2380: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2345: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2328: 2321: 2312: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2289:. June 1, 2005. 2287:State of Florida 2279: 2273: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2229: 2222: 2213: 2202: 2173: 2167: 2164:Am Fam Physician 2152:Meyer J, et al. 2150: 2144: 2143: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2089: 2080: 2079: 2035: 2026: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2015: 2008: 1999: 1986: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1935: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1865: 1864: 1857: 1851: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1835:Orlando Sentinel 1826: 1817: 1816: 1811:. Archived from 1800: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1777:. Archived from 1766: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1747:on June 10, 2014 1743:. Archived from 1736: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1708: 1701: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1674:Associated Press 1660: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1640:. Archived from 1627: 1621: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1605:State of Florida 1597: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1571: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1546:. Archived from 1535: 1368:Terri: The Truth 1204:Priests for Life 1156:coronary vessels 1122:, including the 1004:Washington, D.C. 1002:). Bush flew to 929:unconstitutional 883:giving Governor 804:cerebral atrophy 307: 306: 303: 302: 299: 296: 293: 290: 260: 253: 246: 232: 231: 123: 122: 115: 113: 86: 68:December 3, 1963 67: 65: 46: 32: 31: 21: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5470: 5469: 5420: 5419: 5418: 5408: 5406: 5394: 5384: 5382: 5372: 5370: 5362: 5360: 5355: 5277:Jesse Gelsinger 5262:Henrietta Lacks 5213: 5177: 5169: 5150:Sarah Murnaghan 5130:Ashya King case 5120:Sun Hudson case 5062: 5060: 5053: 5019:Vincent Lambert 4976: 4974: 4968: 4944:Giovanni Nuvoli 4927: 4925: 4918: 4913: 4856:Wayback Machine 4836:Wayback Machine 4812: 4706: 4686: 4684:Further reading 4681: 4666: 4662: 4647: 4643: 4628: 4624: 4605: 4601: 4580: 4576: 4559: 4558: 4554: 4545: 4544: 4537: 4530: 4526: 4519: 4515: 4502: 4498: 4483: 4479: 4471: 4467: 4459: 4455: 4447: 4443: 4433: 4431: 4427: 4412: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4363: 4353: 4351: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4284: 4283: 4279: 4269: 4267: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4239: 4237: 4224: 4223: 4219: 4209: 4207: 4192: 4191: 4187: 4177: 4175: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4134: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4100: 4096: 4086: 4084: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4060: 4058: 4043: 4039: 4032: 4012: 4008: 3995: 3993: 3980:Townsend, Liz. 3978: 3974: 3964: 3962: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3912: 3906: 3902: 3892: 3890: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3859: 3858: 3854: 3844: 3842: 3810: 3803: 3796: 3774: 3770: 3765:Wayback Machine 3749: 3745: 3740:Wayback Machine 3724: 3720: 3715:Wayback Machine 3703:Wayback Machine 3692: 3688: 3678: 3676: 3663: 3662: 3658: 3648: 3646: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3624:, June 16, 2005 3614: 3610: 3604:Wayback Machine 3595: 3591: 3584: 3568: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3522: 3520: 3505: 3498: 3488: 3486: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3462: 3460: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3432: 3430: 3426: 3419: 3413: 3409: 3399: 3397: 3393: 3386: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3353: 3347: 3343: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3320: 3314: 3310: 3300: 3298: 3281: 3277: 3271:Wayback Machine 3260:Face the Nation 3258: 3254: 3244: 3242: 3238: 3231: 3225: 3218: 3208: 3206: 3202: 3195: 3189: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3169: 3158: 3152: 3148: 3138: 3136: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3090: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3057: 3053: 3043: 3041: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3013:Tampa Bay Times 3007: 3006: 3002: 2992: 2990: 2987:www.cbsnews.com 2981: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2947: 2943: 2932: 2930: 2926: 2919: 2910: 2906: 2896: 2894: 2883: 2879: 2869: 2867: 2866:on July 6, 2009 2856: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2816: 2814: 2803: 2796: 2786: 2784: 2780: 2773: 2767: 2763: 2753: 2751: 2740: 2736: 2726: 2724: 2709: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2682: 2676: 2672: 2661: 2659: 2616: 2612: 2602: 2600: 2585: 2581: 2571: 2569: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2545: 2543: 2532: 2528: 2518: 2516: 2512: 2505: 2499: 2488: 2478: 2476: 2472: 2465: 2459: 2455: 2449:Wayback Machine 2439: 2435: 2425: 2423: 2412: 2408: 2398: 2396: 2381: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2347: 2346: 2342: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2319: 2313: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2269:Wayback Machine 2257:Wayback Machine 2247: 2243: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2220: 2214: 2205: 2200:Wayback Machine 2183:Wayback Machine 2174: 2170: 2161:Wayback Machine 2151: 2147: 2140: 2120: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2091: 2090: 2083: 2036: 2029: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2006: 2000: 1989: 1979: 1977: 1975:Chicago Tribune 1967: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1944:Washington Post 1936: 1932: 1922: 1920: 1912: 1911: 1907: 1897: 1895: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1844: 1842: 1827: 1820: 1801: 1794: 1784: 1782: 1767: 1760: 1750: 1748: 1737: 1722: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1699: 1693: 1689: 1679: 1677: 1676:. June 15, 2005 1662: 1661: 1657: 1647: 1645: 1628: 1624: 1614: 1612: 1599: 1598: 1594: 1584: 1582: 1573: 1572: 1563: 1553: 1551: 1536: 1529: 1525: 1498: 1480:Weekly Standard 1395: 1341: 1317: 1311: 1288: 1247: 1242: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1226: 1176: 1124:cerebral cortex 1106: 1084: 979: 973: 945: 940: 873:Frank Attkisson 869: 863: 766:Ronald Cranford 754: 729: 702: 654: 616: 591: 586: 550: 541: 476: 444: 408: 403: 331:at her home in 287: 283: 264: 227: 222: 181:Others involved 176: 117: 114: 1984) 109: 105: 104:Michael Schiavo 94: 88: 84: 75: 69: 63: 61: 60: 59: 49: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5478: 5468: 5467: 5465:Medical ethics 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5417: 5416: 5404: 5392: 5380: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5353: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5272:J. Marion Sims 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5252:Doctors' Trial 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5232:Albert Stevens 5229: 5221: 5219: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5199: 5192: 5187: 5181: 5179: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5085: 5080: 5073: 5065: 5063: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5034:Haleigh Poutre 5031: 5026: 5024:Robert Latimer 5021: 5016: 5011: 5009:Eluana Englaro 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4980: 4978: 4970: 4969: 4967: 4966: 4964:Jack Kevorkian 4961: 4956: 4954:Ramón Sampedro 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4912: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4889: 4883: 4882: 4869: 4859: 4844: 4843: 4839: 4838: 4826: 4817: 4816: 4811: 4810:External links 4808: 4807: 4806: 4793: 4780: 4766: 4753: 4740: 4727: 4710: 4704: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4679: 4660: 4641: 4622: 4599: 4574: 4552: 4535: 4524: 4513: 4496: 4477: 4465: 4453: 4441: 4401: 4361: 4335: 4317: 4303: 4277: 4247: 4217: 4185: 4159: 4125: 4094: 4068: 4037: 4030: 4006: 3972: 3941: 3900: 3883:Frontline, PBS 3870: 3852: 3818:Virtual Mentor 3801: 3794: 3768: 3743: 3718: 3686: 3656: 3626: 3608: 3589: 3582: 3562: 3530: 3496: 3470: 3440: 3407: 3374: 3341: 3308: 3275: 3252: 3216: 3183: 3146: 3125:"Schiavo News" 3115: 3078: 3051: 3025: 3000: 2974: 2941: 2904: 2877: 2850: 2824: 2794: 2761: 2734: 2703: 2670: 2610: 2579: 2553: 2526: 2486: 2453: 2433: 2406: 2370: 2340: 2304: 2274: 2241: 2203: 2168: 2145: 2138: 2125:Silent Witness 2114: 2081: 2027: 1987: 1961: 1930: 1905: 1880: 1866: 1852: 1818: 1792: 1758: 1720: 1687: 1655: 1622: 1592: 1561: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1507:Haleigh Poutre 1504: 1497: 1494: 1454:federal courts 1399:talking points 1394: 1391: 1340: 1337: 1313:Main article: 1310: 1307: 1287: 1284: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1223: 1175: 1172: 1105: 1102: 1083: 1080: 1035:Marilyn Golden 983:George W. 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