1318:
31:
58:
442:
448:
Imago forewing and hindwing scales either evenly or closely sized and non-overlapping. Both forewing and hindwing scales have a developed suture with strongly sclerotized and reduced veins. Ocelli of imago typically (but not always) protruding above head capsule.
452:
Pronotum of all castes is "saddled", with a pronounced anterior lobe as a result of the pronotum's anterior corners being depressed. Postclypeus of the worker and imago both swollen and protruding from head capsule
600:
Romero Arias, J. (2024). "Mitochondrial phylogenetics position a new
Afrotropical termite species into its own subfamily, the Engelitermitinae (Blattodea: Termitidae)".
393:
348:
321:
298:
366:
357:
260:
384:
339:
226:
330:
277:
1388:
1218:
44:
1254:
543:"Niche Differentiation between Two Sympatric Cubitermes Species (Isoptera, Termitidae, Cubitermitinae) Revealed by Stable C and N Isotopes"
531:
Breznak JA, Brune A. 1994. Role of microorganisms in the digestion of lignocellulose by termites. Annual Review of
Entomology 39(1):453–487
1192:
1241:
1359:
197:. Whereas lower termites are restricted mostly to woody tissue, higher termites have diverse diets consisting of wood, grass,
1246:
749:
185:. They are evolutionarily the most specialised termite group, with their highly compartmentalized hindgut lacking the
1171:
1259:
1184:
1132:
1317:
1383:
1091:
1078:
1352:
1096:
57:
1269:
218:
144:
940:
742:
1295:
1031:
251:
1393:
1345:
1290:
1223:
1282:
281:
1140:
1069:
644:
609:
201:, fungi, lichen, faeces, humus and soil. Around 60% of species rely on soil-feeding alone.
30:
8:
471:
716:
691:
648:
613:
1233:
735:
667:
636:
577:
542:
289:
52:
39:
486:
1378:
1277:
1117:
672:
582:
564:
514:
506:
502:
1333:
1122:
948:
711:
703:
690:
Hellemans, Simon; Rocha, Mauricio M.; Wang, Menglin; Romero Arias, Johanna (2024).
662:
652:
617:
572:
554:
498:
375:
230:
170:
1083:
984:
979:
974:
969:
881:
242:
1329:
1179:
1166:
1054:
1010:
964:
956:
707:
487:"Lignocellulose-degrading enzymes from termites and their symbiotic microbiota"
411:
1372:
657:
568:
510:
402:
307:
264:
234:
727:
559:
911:
818:
676:
586:
518:
441:
692:"Genomic data provide insights into the classification of extant termites"
1205:
1063:
886:
802:
198:
178:
129:
1109:
850:
842:
823:
621:
420:
1210:
1153:
876:
790:
778:
759:
109:
89:
69:
1197:
1025:
1158:
1104:
1048:
796:
428:
synonyms: Mirotermitini
Weidner, 1956; Capritermitini Weidner, 1956
190:
186:
1325:
924:
194:
174:
119:
784:
772:
99:
79:
689:
1145:
189:
common to "lower termites", which are instead replaced by
254:, 1926, nomen rejiciendum ; Odontotermitini Weidner, 1956
315:
synonym: Cornitermitinae Ensaf et al., 2004, nomen nudum
637:"Family-group names for termites (Isoptera), redux"
540:
177:consisting of 2,105 described species of which are
541:Josens, Guy; Makatia Wango, Solange (2019-02-01).
1370:
209:The family contains the following subfamilies:
1353:
757:
743:
271:synonym: Pseudomicrotermitinae Holmgren, 1912
599:
334:Romero Arias, Roisin, & Scheffrahn, 2024
485:Ni, Jinfeng; Tokuda, Gaku (November 2013).
1360:
1346:
750:
736:
29:
715:
666:
656:
576:
558:
388:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
370:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
361:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
352:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
343:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
325:Hellemans, Engel, & Bourguignon, 2024
484:
440:
469:
1371:
1030:
1029:
731:
634:
1389:Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille
1312:
1270:88dc01fc-34cf-4d48-9075-4593637e9489
1185:7d401f3b-8028-4d46-aacd-7461206d3790
13:
14:
1405:
436:
1316:
503:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.04.005
292:& Sen Sarma in Roonwal, 1958
56:
1130:Cockroach Species File (old):
683:
628:
593:
534:
525:
478:
463:
246:Kemner, 1934, nomen protectum
204:
1:
456:
1332:. You can help Knowledge by
1009:Classification is based on
250:synonyms: Acanthotermitinae
7:
10:
1410:
1311:
914:(brown-hooded cockroaches)
708:10.1038/s41467-024-51028-y
1038:
1006:
923:
904:
895:
869:
862:
835:
811:
767:
311:Engel & Krishna, 2004
157:
152:
53:Scientific classification
51:
37:
28:
23:
1017:are paraphyletic groups.
943:(giant northern termite)
658:10.3897/zookeys.148.1682
470:Constantino, Reginaldo.
288:synonym: Indotermitidae
1231:Isoptera Species File:
560:10.3390/insects10020038
1328:-related article is a
491:Biotechnology Advances
445:
187:flagellated protozoans
1291:Paleobiology Database
696:Nature Communications
602:Systematic Entomology
444:
1180:Fauna Europaea (new)
1011:Inward et al. (2007)
959:(harvester termites)
635:Engel, M.S. (2011).
951:(dampwood termites)
853:(giant cockroaches)
649:2011ZooK..148..171E
614:2024SysEn..49...72R
394:Mirocapritermitinae
349:Protohamitermitinae
322:Forficulitermitinae
299:Microcerotermitinae
284:& Noirot, 1954
1384:Blattodea families
845:(wood cockroaches)
826:(sand cockroaches)
622:10.1111/syen.12607
472:"Termite Database"
446:
367:Neocapritermitinae
358:Cylindrotermitinae
261:Foraminitermitinae
40:Nanotermes isaacae
16:Family of termites
1341:
1340:
1306:
1305:
1278:Open Tree of Life
1032:Taxon identifiers
1023:
1022:
1018:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
960:
952:
949:Archotermopsidae
944:
934:
915:
854:
846:
827:
429:
425:
416:
407:
398:
389:
385:Promirotermitinae
380:
371:
362:
353:
344:
340:Crepititermitinae
335:
326:
316:
312:
303:
293:
285:
272:
268:
255:
247:
238:
227:Sphaerotermitinae
222:
164:
163:
148:
1401:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1320:
1313:
1299:
1298:
1286:
1285:
1273:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1250:
1249:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1226:
1214:
1213:
1201:
1200:
1188:
1187:
1175:
1174:
1162:
1161:
1149:
1148:
1136:
1135:
1126:
1125:
1113:
1112:
1100:
1099:
1087:
1086:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1027:
1026:
1008:
958:
950:
942:
941:Mastotermitidae
933:
932:
928:
913:
902:
901:
898:
867:
866:
852:
844:
825:
752:
745:
738:
729:
728:
722:
721:
719:
687:
681:
680:
670:
660:
643:(148): 171–184.
632:
626:
625:
597:
591:
590:
580:
562:
538:
532:
529:
523:
522:
482:
476:
475:
467:
427:
423:
414:
405:
396:
387:
378:
376:Nasutitermitinae
369:
360:
351:
342:
333:
331:Engelitermitinae
324:
314:
310:
301:
287:
280:
270:
263:
249:
245:
229:
217:
143:
61:
60:
33:
21:
20:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1309:
1307:
1302:
1294:
1289:
1281:
1276:
1268:
1266:
1258:
1253:
1245:
1240:
1232:
1230:
1222:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1191:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1165:
1157:
1152:
1144:
1139:
1131:
1129:
1121:
1116:
1108:
1103:
1095:
1090:
1082:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1034:
1024:
1019:
994:
985:Stylotermitidae
980:Stolotermitidae
975:Serritermitidae
970:Rhinotermitidae
957:Hodotermitidae
930:
929:
927:
919:
912:Cryptocercidae
905:Cryptocercoidae
896:
891:
882:Lamproblattidae
858:
831:
807:
763:
756:
726:
725:
688:
684:
633:
629:
598:
594:
539:
535:
530:
526:
483:
479:
468:
464:
459:
439:
424:Latreille, 1802
278:Apicotermitinae
243:Macrotermitinae
207:
183:higher termites
169:is the largest
142:
55:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1321:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1287:
1274:
1264:
1251:
1238:
1228:
1215:
1202:
1189:
1176:
1167:Fauna Europaea
1163:
1150:
1137:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1060:
1044:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1021:
1020:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
993:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
965:Kalotermitidae
962:
954:
946:
937:
935:
921:
920:
918:
917:
908:
906:
899:
893:
892:
890:
889:
884:
879:
873:
871:
864:
860:
859:
857:
856:
848:
839:
837:
833:
832:
830:
829:
821:
815:
813:
809:
808:
806:
805:
799:
793:
787:
781:
775:
768:
765:
764:
755:
754:
747:
740:
732:
724:
723:
682:
627:
592:
533:
524:
497:(6): 838–850.
477:
461:
460:
458:
455:
438:
437:Identification
435:
434:
433:
432:
431:
417:
412:Cubitermitinae
408:
399:
390:
381:
372:
363:
354:
345:
336:
327:
318:
304:
302:Holmgren, 1910
295:
274:
257:
239:
206:
203:
162:
161:
155:
154:
150:
149:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
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117:
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107:
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102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
49:
48:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1406:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1016:
1012:
1005:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
955:
953:
947:
945:
939:
938:
936:
926:
922:
916:
910:
909:
907:
903:
900:
894:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
868:
865:
861:
855:
849:
847:
841:
840:
838:
834:
828:
822:
820:
817:
816:
814:
810:
804:
800:
798:
794:
792:
788:
786:
782:
780:
776:
774:
770:
769:
766:
761:
753:
748:
746:
741:
739:
734:
733:
730:
718:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
686:
678:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
631:
623:
619:
615:
611:
608:(49): 72–83.
607:
603:
596:
588:
584:
579:
574:
570:
566:
561:
556:
552:
548:
544:
537:
528:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
481:
473:
466:
462:
454:
450:
443:
422:
418:
415:Weidner, 1956
413:
409:
404:
403:Amitermitinae
400:
395:
391:
386:
382:
377:
373:
368:
364:
359:
355:
350:
346:
341:
337:
332:
328:
323:
319:
309:
308:Syntermitinae
305:
300:
296:
291:
283:
279:
275:
266:
262:
258:
253:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
223:
220:
216:
212:
211:
210:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
181:known as the
180:
176:
172:
168:
160:
156:
151:
146:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
65:
64:
59:
54:
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1394:Insect stubs
1334:expanding it
1323:
1308:
1039:
1014:
989:
897:Xylophagodea
819:Nocticolidae
801:Superorder:
795:Infraclass:
699:
695:
685:
640:
630:
605:
601:
595:
550:
546:
536:
527:
494:
490:
480:
465:
451:
447:
406:Kemner, 1934
397:Kemner, 1934
214:
208:
182:
166:
165:
158:
153:Subfamilies
139:
116:Infraorder:
45:Cambay amber
38:
18:
1206:iNaturalist
1064:Wikispecies
925:Termitoidae
887:Tryonicidae
851:Blaberidae
843:Ectobiidae
836:Blaberoidea
824:Corydiidae
812:Corydioidea
803:Dictyoptera
205:Subfamilies
199:leaf litter
130:Neoisoptera
24:Termitidae
1373:Categories
1084:Termitidae
1070:Termitidae
1040:Termitidae
990:Termitidae
931:(termites)
870:Blattoidae
863:Blattoidea
789:Subclass:
779:Arthropoda
457:References
421:Termitinae
419:subfamily
410:subfamily
401:subfamily
392:subfamily
383:subfamily
379:Hare, 1937
374:subfamily
365:subfamily
356:subfamily
347:subfamily
338:subfamily
329:subfamily
320:subfamily
306:subfamily
297:subfamily
276:subfamily
259:subfamily
241:subfamily
225:subfamily
215:Termitidae
167:Termitidae
140:Termitidae
126:Nanorder:
90:Arthropoda
877:Blattidae
791:Pterygota
771:Kingdom:
760:Blattodea
569:2075-4450
553:(2): 38.
511:0734-9750
219:Latreille
159:See text
145:Latreille
110:Blattodea
76:Kingdom:
70:Eukaryota
1379:Termites
1105:BugGuide
1055:Q1050699
1049:Wikidata
797:Neoptera
777:Phylum:
773:Animalia
762:families
717:11306793
677:22287896
587:30717082
519:23623853
265:Holmgren
252:Sjöstedt
191:bacteria
179:commonly
175:termites
136:Family:
120:Isoptera
86:Phylum:
80:Animalia
66:Domain:
1326:termite
1133:1178161
785:Insecta
783:Class:
758:Extant
668:3264418
645:Bibcode
641:ZooKeys
610:Bibcode
578:6409928
547:Insects
290:Roonwal
235:Krishna
213:Family
195:archaea
106:Order:
100:Insecta
96:Class:
1296:179827
1283:541057
1267:NZOR:
1247:102443
1224:104912
1211:118902
1172:336400
1159:1TERMF
1015:Italic
714:
675:
665:
585:
575:
567:
517:
509:
282:Grassé
267:, 1912
237:, 2004
233:&
221:, 1802
171:family
147:, 1802
1324:This
1260:46569
1234:83484
1219:IRMNG
1123:8NKQX
1110:82392
231:Engel
1330:stub
1255:NCBI
1242:ITIS
1198:4355
1193:GBIF
1154:EPPO
1097:1349
1092:BOLD
673:PMID
583:PMID
565:ISSN
515:PMID
507:ISSN
193:and
1146:745
1141:EoL
1118:CoL
1079:AFD
712:PMC
704:doi
663:PMC
653:doi
618:doi
573:PMC
555:doi
499:doi
173:of
43:in
1375::
1293::
1280::
1257::
1244::
1221::
1208::
1195::
1182::
1169::
1156::
1143::
1120::
1107::
1094::
1081::
1066::
1051::
1013:.
710:.
702:.
700:15
698:.
694:.
671:.
661:.
651:.
639:.
616:.
606:49
604:.
581:.
571:.
563:.
551:10
549:.
545:.
513:.
505:.
495:31
493:.
489:.
47:.
1361:e
1354:t
1347:v
1336:.
751:e
744:t
737:v
720:.
706::
679:.
655::
647::
624:.
620::
612::
589:.
557::
521:.
501::
474:.
430:)
426:(
317:)
313:(
294:)
286:(
273:)
269:(
256:)
248:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
