Ten-pin bowling - Knowledge

1291: 1174: 1498: 2394: 1984: 739: 1996: 1162: 633: 1209: 2915: 312: 603: 1630:(non-league) family-oriented clientele in combined bowling and entertainment centers, some offering laser tag, indoor playgrounds, go-karting, climbing walls, arcade games, skating rinks, gourmet restaurants, and nightclub-style bowling lounges. School sport programs expanded, the USBC stating that more than 5,000 high schools offered bowling as a competitive sport, with 50,000 student bowlers participating in 2009–2010. In 2011, the Bowling Proprietor's Association of America stated that more than 60% of U.S. bowlers were under age 34, that 46% were girls and women, and that children participated in bowling at a higher rate than any other population group. 324: 371: 1372: 2358: 1609:, with some hoping that the controversial delivery style would boost popularity of the sport. In January 2013, the eight-team PBA League began competition, the strategy being that basing teams in specific geographic localities would generate viewer enthusiasm and corporate sponsorship in the same manner as teams in other professional sports. Still, continuing the reversal of bowling's peak popularity in the 1960s, in the 2012–2013 season the average yearly winnings of the ten highest-earning PBA competitors was less than US$ 155,000, and the average for the remaining 250 competitors was $ 6,500—all much less than a rookie 1193: 1746: 1005: 618: 414: 2026: 719: 2403:

threatened to jeopardize the integrity of the sport. Though median averages for male league bowlers remained at about 168 from the 1980s through the mid-2010s, the number of top average scores over 190 soared, suggesting that more skilled bowlers are making use of technological advancements. The USBC Technical Director wrote that the "USBC is concerned that technology has overtaken player skill in determining success in the sport of bowling," announcing in 2007 the completion of a ball motion study undertaken "to strike a better balance between player skill and technology".

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bowling balls more friction to hook (curve) into the pocket, but heavier oil concentrations surrounding the centerline so that balls slide directly toward the pocket with less hooking. In the more challenging sport patterns used in tournaments and professional-level matches, a "flat" oil pattern—one with oil distributed more evenly from side to side—provides little assistance in guiding the ball toward the pocket, and is less forgiving with regard to off-target shots. The ratio of centerline oil concentration to side oil concentration (the

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league participation more difficult, the number of spectator sports and competing leisure time opportunities (jogging, tennis, skiing) grew. While league bowling decreased by 40 percent between 1980 and 1993, the total number of bowlers actually increased by 10 percent during that period, with nearly 80 million Americans going bowling at least once during 1993. In 1995, the National Bowling Stadium (Reno, Nevada) was constructed at a cost of $ 47.5 million, but the PBA Pro Bowlers Tour TV program was canceled in 1997 after a 35-year run.

2014: 1806: 1440: 1546: 1273: 774: 47: 1303: 863: 225:, with truly standardized regulations not being agreed on until nearly the end of that century. After the development of automated mechanical pinsetters, the sport enjoyed a "golden age" in the mid twentieth century. Following substantial declines since the 1980s in both professional tournament television ratings and amateur league participation, bowling centers have increasingly expanded to become diverse entertainment centers. 2407: 2062:, awarding a first number of points for each game won and a second number of points for achieving the higher team score for that series, the particular numbers being specified in each league's rules. Further, in leagues having "match point" scoring, individual bowlers on one team are matched against respective members of the opposing team, the winners receiving points that supplement their team's game and series points. 1617: 2512:(winnings) for professional tournaments, declining participation in league bowling, the perceived demographic of bowlers (old, or of low social class), waning popularity with the public, competing sports programming on cable television, lack of corporate sponsorship, lack of an inspiring bowling star (2004), and an aging audience for TV bowling. A 2006 PBA article describing the PBA bowlers in the documentary 952: 2436:

pins to make them lighter and more top-heavy, helped to raise average scores as early as the 1970s. Expanded choices in oil viscosity and electronically controlled lane oiling machines permitted alley owners to customize house oil patterns to optimize the advantages of the new ball technologies. Technological progress allowed some 1990s league scores to surpass those of professionals in the 1950s.

978: 1557:—also indicative of business viability—declined by one-third. This business decline is often attributed to waning league participation: USBC membership—indicative of league participation that was the main source of revenue—declined by two-thirds in those two decades, and the portion of alley revenue attributable to leagues is estimated to have dropped from 70% to 40%. Political scientist 793: 1641:, "boutique bowling", "VIP lanes", and cameras for instant replays, and by rejuvenating bowling "alleys" into diverse-entertainment bowling "centres". The population of ten-pin bowling centres grew from a low of barely 50 (in the 1980s) to over 200 (2006), with almost a third of Britons going bowling in 2016 and league participation growing over 20% over two years (2015–2017). 218:

in the sport. Especially when coupled with technological developments in ball design since the early 1990s, easier oil patterns common for league bowling enable many league bowlers to achieve scores rivaling those of professional bowlers who must bowl on more difficult patterns—a development that has caused substantial controversy.

938:. USBC lab data indicated strike percentage on string pin bowling is 7.1% lower, causing the USBC to plan additional testing to determine whether a scoring conversion should be created between the categories. String pinsetters are less expensive and easier to maintain, motivating bowling centers to phase them in. 797: 796: 801: 799: 794: 1454:

The first ten-pin lanes in Europe had been installed in Sweden in 1909, but attempts to popularize the sport in Europe were unsuccessful over the next several decades, though hundreds of lanes were installed on U.S. military bases in the U.K. during World War II. Various countries developed the sport

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leading to the growth of family-appropriate "dry" alleys. The 1933 repeal of Prohibition allowed breweries to sponsor teams and bowlers, adding to bowling's reputation as a working-class sport. Though at the turn of the twentieth century most bowling alleys were small establishments, post-Prohibition

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Rubber balls (introduced in 1905) were eventually supplanted by polyester ("plastic") balls (1959) and polyurethane ("urethane") balls (1980s). Coverstocks (surfaces) of bowling balls then evolved to increase the hook-enhancing friction between ball and lane: reactive resin balls arrived in the early

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Modern bowling lanes have oil patterns designed not only to shield the lanes from damage from bowling ball impacts, but to provide bowlers with different levels of challenge in achieving strikes. As illustrated, a typical house pattern (or THS, typical house shot) has drier outside portions that give

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Responding to such concerns, the USBC initiated "sport bowling" leagues and tournaments that provide "sport", "challenge" and "PBA Experience" oil patterns that are more challenging than the accommodative patterns of typical house shots. Still, the USBC has encountered enduring issues concerning how

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Ernest Fosberg (East Rockford, Illinois) bowled the first recognized 300 in 1902, before awards were given out. In 1908, A.C. Jellison and Homer Sanders (both of St. Louis) each bowled 300 games in the same season, the ABC awarding the gold medal for the highest score of the year to Jellison after a

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In the late 1960s, the participation sport of bowling found itself competing with spectator sports and outdoor recreational activities. The number of certified bowling centers was to eventually decline from its 1960s high of 12,000 to 6,542 in 1998 and 3,976 in 2013. The decline was noted acutely in

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It allows the inserted fingers to generate higher revolution rates and thus attain greater hook potential than with a thumb-in-hole approach. In contrast, in what is literally a two-handed delivery and release, children or physically challenged players use both hands to deliver the ball forward from

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Oil is applied to approximately the first two-thirds of the lane's length to allow a "skid" area for the ball before it encounters friction and hooks. The oil is applied in different lengths and layout patterns, especially in professional and tournament play, to add complexity and regulate challenge

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As a result of various USBC studies, including a bowling technology study published in February 2018, the USBC Equipment and Specifications Committee established new specifications focusing mainly on balls. The overall result of the new specifications was said to slightly limit hook potential, more

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Specifically, the reactive resin balls and particle balls that came out in the 1990s increased frictional engagement with the lane to provide greater hook potential that made high entry angles easier to achieve. Moreover, changes in lane surface technology, as well as the introduction of voids into

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Estimates of the number of total (league and non-league) bowlers in the U.S. have varied, from 82 million (1997, International Bowling Museum) to 51.6 million (2007, research firm White Hutchinson) to 71 million (2009, USBC), the USBC stating in 2019 that bowling is still the #1 participation sport

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Outside elite and professional bowling, participation in leagues—traditionally the more profitable end of the business—declined from a 1980 peak (8 million), compelling alleys to further diversify into entertainment amenities. As busier, two-earner households became more common in the 1980s to make

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In the mid-1800s, various alternatives to free-standing pins received U.S. patents to solve perceived problems in pinsetting and ball return, aiming to avoid the need for human pinsetters to perform these functions. One scheme (1851) involved pins with spherical bases that when hit by a ball merely

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won rather than measuring accumulated pinfall score. A frame may be won immediately by a higher pincount on the first roll of the frame, and a match may be won when one player is ahead by more frames than remain of the possible 12 frames. This variant reduces match length and scoring complexity for

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stars, received million-dollar endorsement contracts, and were treated as international celebrities. The $ 100,000 Firestone Tournament of Champions launched in 1965, in a decade that saw ABC membership peak at almost 4.6 million male bowlers. The number of sanctioned bowling alleys peaked at

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Ten-pin bowling lanes are 60 feet (18.29 m) from the foul line to the center of the head pin (1-pin), with guide arrows (aiming targets) about 15 feet (4.57 m) from the foul line. The lane is 41.5 inches (1.05 m) wide and has 39 wooden boards, or is made of a synthetic material with

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stated in 2016 that bowling is played by 95 million people in more than 90 countries. In an era of continual decline in league participation, bowling centers promoted "party bowling" and black-light-and-disco-ball "cosmic bowling" and experienced a shift from blue-collar participants to open-play

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essentially determines the probability of achieving a strike assuming the ball impacts in or near the pocket—and varies with several factors. Even before a 2008 USBC pin carry study, it was known that entry angle and ball weight increase strike percentages. The 2008 study concluded that an impact

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on the first roll of the ball (a strike), or failing that, on the second roll (a spare). While most people approach modern ten-pin bowling as a simple recreational pastime, those who bowl competitively, especially at the highest levels, consider it a demanding sport requiring precision and skill.

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Separately, a USBC pin carry study completed in about 2008 found that dramatically increased entry angles improve pin carry to result in higher scores—regardless of whether the bowlers supplied additional effort or improved their skill. Among the factors allowing higher scores were technological

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Bowling's growth was fueled by the deployment of automatic mechanical pinsetters by AMF (1952) and Brunswick (1955), television broadcasts (said to be "ubiquitous" in the 1950s), modernization and stylization of establishments with amenities to attract broader clientele, and formation of bowling

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re New York) also recount that strategy. Even earlier, an 1834 Washington, D.C. ordinance had limited the time (before 8 p.m. and not on Sundays) and place (more than 100 yards from inhabited houses) of "nine pin and ten pins" or "any game in the likeness or imitation thereof ... played with any

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Strokers—using the most "classic" bowling form—tend to keep the shoulders square to the foul line and develop only a moderately high backswing, achieving modest ball rotation ("rev") rates and ball speeds, which thus limit hook potential and kinetic energy delivered to the pins. Strokers rely on

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The number of sanctioned perfect (300) games per league bowler has increased substantially since the 1990s. Freeman and Hatfield posit that the increase in perfect games is due to factors such as the introduction of reactive resin coverstocks, asymmetric ball cores, synthetic lane surfaces, and

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as the official sanctioning body in England, and as such "is responsible for the protection, integrity and development of the sport". Its stated vision is "to ensure that all people, irrespective of their age, disability, ethnic origin, marital status, sexual orientation or social status have a

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In bowling, we are trying to deliver a heavy 14 or 15 pound bowling ball over the foul line at about an average speed of 16 or 17 miles per hour, apply a rotational force to the ball in order to gain an effective hook motion, hit a one inch sighting target on the lane, and accurately impact the

1656:(Tokyo), it was cut. One commentator noted that the sport's limited geographic popularity (the U.S., Australia and a few European and South American countries), and aging demographic of those who follow the sport, make it difficult to convince an Olympic Committee that wants to appeal to youth. 1387:

The 1940s through the 1970s became known as the "golden age of bowling", with ABC membership growing from 700,000 (1940), to 1.1 million (1947), to 2.3 million (1958), to 4.5 million (1963), Women's International Bowling Congress membership growing from 82,000 (1940) to 866,000 (1958), American

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The decline in coverage has also been attributed to the perception that bowling is less an athletic sport (not being in the Olympic Games) and more of a recreational pastime (such as for children's birthday parties). This perception is reinforced by the easy lane conditions provided to bowling

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The 905 perfect games that were rolled during the 1968–69 season increased 38-fold to 34,470 in the 1998–99 season. Likewise, the number of perfect-game league bowlers increased from about one of 3150 (1900–1980) to about one of 27 (2007), a greater-than-hundredfold increase that many thought

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Poster for the first national bowling competition sanctioned by the American Bowling Congress. Highest per-game average scores: individual competition (216), doubles (200), five-man teams (181). A protest was filed against the highest-scoring doubles team, alleging use of a ball that was a

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As the national governing body for bowling, its stated mission is to provide services, resources and the standards for the sport, its stated goals including growing the sport and promoting values of "credibility, dedication, excellence, heritage, inclusiveness, integrity, philanthropy and

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Bowling leagues vary in format, including demographic specialization (male, female, mixed, senior, youth), number of bowlers per team (usually 3–5), number of games per series (usually 3), day and time of scheduled sessions, starting dates and duration of league seasons, scoring

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Crankers tend to open (rotate) the shoulders and use strong wrist and arm action in concert with a high backswing, achieving higher rev rates and ball speeds, thus maximizing hook potential and kinetic energy. Crankers rely on speed and power, but may leave splits rarely left by

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specifically eliminating balance holes (as of the 2020–21 season) and setting a new specification for oil absorption. The USBC stated that the new specifications will slow oil pattern transition, cause bowlers to move less, and keep the same scoring pace with lower oil volume.

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Simplified representation of the skid, hook, and roll phases of bowling ball motion. Technological advances since the early 1990s in ball design have allowed dramatically increased hook potential and strike frequency, without requiring additional skill on the part of bowlers.

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The early 1990s brought the development of reactive resin ("reactive") balls with chemically "tacky" surfaces that enhance traction to dramatically enhance hook and substantially increase the likelihood of striking, raising average scores even for less experienced bowlers.

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fell over, in place, to be rotated back to a vertical position. A second arrangement (1853) involved resetting the pins via cords descending from respective pin bottoms to weights beneath the pin deck. Another design (1869) involved suspending the pins with overhead cords.

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On November 17, 2013, Hannah Diem (Seminole, Florida) became the youngest American bowler to bowl a USBC-certified 300 game at the age of 9 years, 6 months and 19 days, breaking the 2006 record of Chaz Dennis (age 10) and the 2006 female record of Brandie Reamy (age 12).

798: 4539: 5885:— F. Brill (Chicago) scored highest in the individual competition (averaging 216/game); Voorhees and Starr (New York) scored highest in doubles (averaging 200/game), and the Standard Bowling Club of Chicago scored highest among five-man teams (averaging 181/game). 2412: 1470:(BTBA) was formed the following year. The first British made tenpin was by H Massil and sons who received the permit no.1 from the BTBA. Various other countries, including Australia, Mexico and Japan, adopted the trend over the ensuing decade. After initial 853:

bowling involves only a single hand during the forward swing, without the thumb inserted. The ball is often balanced on the wrist and forearm of the delivery hand for this technique. A successful professional who uses the one-handed no-thumb delivery is

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An 1829 newspaper editorial describes those who frequent bowling alleys and taverns: "the young, the frivolous, the headstrong, ... men of coarser passions and appetites, and fond of more riotous pleasures"—reflecting the often negative image bowling

388:) has increased balls' dynamic imbalance, which, in conjunction with the coverstocks' increased friction, enhances hook (curving) potential to achieve the higher entry angles that have enabled dramatic increases in strike percentage and game scores. 1536:

In 1998, the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association (SGMA) president attributed an increase in popularity to bowling alley remodeling, technological innovations in balls and lanes, computerized scoring, and promotion by bowling organizations.

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became the first American bowling ball manufacturer, and by 1905 introduced the Mineralite (hard rubber) ball that was considered so revolutionary over wooden balls that it was displayed at the Century of Progress Exposition in 1934. In 1886,

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Tournament prize funds in the 1980s included the PBA National Championship ($ 135,000, its largest) and the Firestone Tournament of Champions ($ 150,000), and PBA membership approached 2,500. Ten-pin bowling became an exhibition sport at the

2940:, which was released in 2006, includes a bowling game for the 3D-motion-controlled console, and mobile-device bowling games have since become increasingly popular. Several organizations—including the PBA and entertainment franchises such as 4494: 4398: 2342:(2013 Barbasol Tournament of Champions at age 50 years, 222 days) (NOTE: Ernie Schlegel won the 1996 USBC Masters at age 53 before it was considered a PBA event; he was retroactively credited with a major due to a 2008 rule change.) 4627: 4361: 1772:

the Young American Bowling Alliance (YABA, 1982), which itself was formed from combining the American Junior Bowling Congress (AJBC, 1946), Youth Bowling Association (YBA, 1963–64), and ABC/WIBC Collegiate division (mid-1970s),

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On January 7, 2006, Elliot John Crosby became the youngest British bowler to bowl a BTBA-sanctioned 300 game at the age of 12 years, 2 months and 10 days, breaking the 1994 record of Rhys Parfitt (age 13 years, 4 months).

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In the 1930s and 1940s, professional bowling was dominated by "beer leagues" with many of the best bowlers sponsored by beer companies, but by 1965 the PBA tour was televised nationally on ABC Sports with sponsors such as

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leagues. Though President Truman had installed a bowling alley in the White House in 1947, a report of the American Society of Planning Officials in 1958 characterized bowling alleys as the "poor man's country club".

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while traveling straight down the lane. Usually involving a lighter (10-12 pound) ball, the spinner style takes advantage of the ball deflection from the head pin to then "walk down" the other visible pins and cause

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Because pin spacing is much larger than ball size, it is impossible for the ball to contact all pins. Therefore, a tactical shot is required, which would result in a chain reaction of pins hitting other pins (called

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Actual text from one of Gottfried Schmidt's patents, this one from an application filed in 1936 and describing how his "bowling pin setting apparatus" can pick up and replace pins even if they were off their proper

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An 1841 Connecticut law banned ninepin bowling because of its perceived association with gambling and crime, and people were said to circumvent the prohibition by adding a tenth pin. Other locations (e.g., 1838, re

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Hook potential has increased so much that dry lane conditions or spare shooting scenarios sometimes compel use of plastic or urethane balls, to purposely avoid the larger hook provided by reactive technology.

208:) that collect errant balls. The lane's long and narrow shape limits straight-line ball paths to angles that are smaller than optimum angles for achieving strikes; accordingly, bowlers impart side rotation to 649:. Neighboring pins are centered 12 inches (30 cm) apart, leaving a space of 7.234 inches (18 cm) between pins that can be bridged by a bowling ball of regulation diameter (8.5 inches (22 cm)). 1324:—who would become known as the "father of bowling"—began opening bowling alleys and over decades strove to elevate the sport's image to compete with upper-class diversions such as theaters and opera houses. 875:

style, which is mainly popular in parts of Asia, has a "helicopter" or "UFO" release that involves rotating the wrist to impart a high (vertical) axis of rotation that causes the bowling ball to spin like a

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True scale diagram: A straight path, even one starting from the extreme outside corner of the lane, results in an angle of entry of at most 1.45°. Larger entry angles (shown in diagram) are achievable when

1720: 795: 508:), the respective coefficients of friction between ball and lane in the oiled and dry parts of the lane, and the ball's oil absorption rate, followed in dominance by certain characteristics of the ball's 4255: 1399:-males-only" clause since its inception in the 1890s, but numerous lobbying efforts and legal actions after World War II by civil rights and labor organizations led to a reversal of this policy in 1950. 1008:

Though the second bowler's scratch score 183 is higher than the first bowler's scratch score 181, the first bowler's higher handicap (58 vs. 53) causes his total 239 to exceed the second bowler's total

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with the ball centered at "board 17.5" causes pin scatter that maximizes likelihood of striking. The material of the pin deck and "kickback" (side) plates was also found to materially affect pin carry.

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has recognized the FIQ, and later, WB, as the sport's world governing body. WB establishes rules for the uniform practice of bowling throughout the world, and promotes bowling as an Olympic sport. The

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In parallel with professional bowling was "action bowling" or "pot bowling"—bowling matches based on monetary bets—historically associated with the New York underworld from the 1940s to the 1970s.

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USBC study results indicating "board 17.5" to be the ideal ball location to achieve strikes, with higher entry angles (shown) and heavier balls (not graphed) generally improving chances of striking

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would sell advertising and sponsorships for the sport to establish the sport's presence on broadcast television, also providing cable, streaming, and social media programming. In September 2019,

896:) release, the wrist rotates clockwise (for right hand releases) or counter-clockwise (for left hand releases), causing the ball to hook in a direction opposite to that of conventional releases. 292:

the 39 "boards" simulated using marking lines. The approach has two sets of dots, respectively 12 feet (3.66 m) and 15 feet (4.57 m) behind the foul line, to help with foot placement.

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indicated that, effective August 1, 2023, it is certifying string pinsetters and string pin bowling as an independent category of equipment and competition separate from conventional free-fall

499:). A 2005-2008 USBC Ball Motion Study found that the ball design factors that most contributed to ball motion were the microscopic spikes and pores on the ball's surface (present in balls with 611:

the ball impacts center pocket at "board 17.5"—found by a USBC pin-carry study to maximize strike probability. The ideal impact point is closer to the center of the head pin than many believe.

5510: 399:(USBC) regulates ball parameters including maximum diameter (8.595 inches (21.83 cm)), maximum circumference (27 inches (0.69 m)), and maximum weight (16 pounds (7.26 kg)). 645:

Bowling pins (with a maximum thickness of 4.766 inches (12 cm) at the waist) are "spotted" (placed) in four rows, forming an equilateral triangle with four pins on a side to form a

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Be aware: website URL as of June 11, 2019, incorrectly includes reference to "jun-29-1829" (incorrect year), but this error may be corrected after upload date, rendering link obsolete.

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growth in the U.K., however, the sport did not thrive as it did in the U.S., and by the 1970s many British bowling alleys were converted to serve competing pastimes, such as bingo.

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The inventor of this 1870 patent claims to have "invented a new and useful adaptation of the old and favorite Game of Ten-Pins ... rendered available for parlor or indoor use".

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Simplified THS (typical house shot): relatively dry areas on the sides, and more heavily lubricated areas surrounding the centerline, help to guide the ball toward the pocket.

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that a bowler experiences when standing on the approach causes pins to appear closer together and bowling ball angles of entry to appear more dramatic than they are in fact.

7318: 5314: 3046: 3005: 1699:"membership discipline" (component organization) of WB serves the amateur sport of ten-pin bowling worldwide, adopting uniform playing rules and equipment specifications. 7633: 1529:

In 1991, equipment manufacturer DBA Products released "The Lane Walker"—the first computer-driven lane cleaning and oiling machine, programmable to clean up to 50 lanes.

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In contrast to the U.S., the 2000s and 2010s brought a bowling renaissance in the U.K., achieved by accommodating sophisticated modern tastes by providing (for example)

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the entire forward swing. This delivery style, involving more athletic ability, is increasingly popular with younger bowlers and technically still involves a one-handed

6594: 2533:." Said to be "near bankruptcy" in 2000, the PBA changed ownership to one that emphasized marketing with the goal of running the organization as a for-profit business. 1597:

league into a for-profit organization, and invested heavily in marketing. The January 2005 merger of four U.S. bowling organizations to form the USBC formed a "central

1567:(2000) asserts, with some controversy, that the retreat from league bowling epitomizes a broader societal decline in social, civic and community engagement in the U.S. 1214:

An 1839 liquor license ordinance prohibited gambling in "any ball, nine or ten pin alley"—associating bowling with gambling and games having a "demoralizing tendency".

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about 12,000 in the mid-1960s, mostly in blue-collar urban areas, and Women's International Bowling Congress (WIBC) membership peaked at 4.2 million members in 1979.

5648: 3944: 5028: 1691:(FIQ, International Federation of Bowlers), which in 1952 developed from the International Bowling Association (IBA) which began operations in 1926. Since 1979 the 5676: 3923: 1108:

The maximum score is 300, achieved with ten consecutive strikes (as opposed to twelve in traditional scoring), but with no bonus pins received in the tenth frame.

1017:), the frame is scored with the total number of pins knocked down. However, when all ten pins are knocked down with either the first or second rolls of a frame (a 283:

True scale diagram: In ten-pin bowling lanes, the nearest pin is 60 feet from the foul line—more than 17 times the lane's 41.5-inch width. The optical illusion of

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The decline in bowling event coverage has been attributed to a variety of factors, including time demands burdening the schedules of two-income households, small

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oversees quadrennial World Championship tournaments, and international championships for various sectors, including for women, seniors, youth and junior bowlers.

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In 2000, three former tech industry executives bought a debt-laden PBA—which saw its 36-year television contract with ABC Sports end in 1997—and turned it from a

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In about 2015, U.S. bowling center employment reversed a long decline, which some attribute to their diversification into more broad-based entertainment centers.

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World Bowling scoring is thought to make bowling easier to follow than with traditional scoring, increase television viewership, and help bowling to become an

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Junior Bowling Congress membership growing from 8,000 (1940) to 175,000 (1958), and sanctioned individual lanes growing from 44,500 (1947) to 159,000 (1963).

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The British Universities Tenpin Bowling Association (BUTBA, formed in 2008) organizes bowling events for present and former university and college students.

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In traditional scoring, one point is scored for each pin that is knocked over, and when fewer than all ten pins are knocked down in two rolls in a frame (an

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From 1998 to 2013, the number of American bowling centers fell by one quarter. Similarly, in the two decades following 1997, the number of USBC-certified

7902: 6551: 5386: 3846: 3593: 3551: 2780:(2006) chronicles the stories of four PBA Tour bowlers at different stages of their careers, following the purchase of the PBA and appointment of former 6446: 5926: 5351: 7793: 7610: 6685: 2051:—in which the first place team opposes the second place team, third place opposes fourth place, and so on—are often inserted into the season schedule. 6216: 5266: 7658: 2526:

leagues that enable seasoned league bowlers to achieve scores rivaling those of professionals who must bowl under more challenging lane conditions.

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Conceptual diagram of a large bowling tournament. Entrants not eliminated in qualifying rounds go on to compete in match play, which determines

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number of pins whatsoever". U.S. newspapers referred to "ten pin alleys" at least as early as 1820 (also later in the 1820s and in the 1830s ).

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1990s, and particle-enhanced resin balls in the late 1990s. Meanwhile, the increasingly sophisticated technology of internal cores (also called

8050: 7551: 3783: 3496: 2047:), and systems for bestowing awards and prizes. Usually, each team is scheduled to oppose each of the other teams over the course of a season. 356:, with oils of higher viscosity (thicker consistency) being more durable but causing balls to slow and hook earlier than lower-viscosity oils. 7458: 6035: 4809: 3896: 3748: 3533: 3140: 5573: 3966: 1384:

in his garage in 1936, one implementation of which was publicly exhibited in 1946 before AMF placed a production model into service in 1952.

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Tweeners (derived from "in-between") have styles that fall between those of strokers and crankers; the term is considered by some to include

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A complex interaction of a variety of factors influences ball motion and its effect on scoring results. Such factors may be categorized as:

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bowling lanes shifted from side entertainment at fancy Victorian venues or seedier saloons to independent establishments that embraced the

1173: 7436: 7358: 3870: 3665: 3093: 8170: 6506: 5054: 4696: 3349: 2730: 2310: 2303: 2251:

Highest first-place prize awarded in a single professional bowling tournament: $ 250,000 in the 2011 PBA Tournament of Champions (won by

2113: 7870: 6621: 5736: 3692: 344:

Lane oils, also called lane conditioners, are composed of about 98% mineral oil that, with numerous additives, are designed to minimize

7285: 6413: 6320: 6284: 6058: 4648: 2497: 7973: 7021: 6827: 6635: 4599: 2591: 8081: 7935: 6764: 5551: 2393: 1766: 1348: 1290: 1278:

An 1895 advertisement for bowling lockers (price: $ 6.00 each section) suggests the attire and facilities used by bowlers of the era.

465:) Characteristics of the ball's delivery that affect ball motion include the ball's speed going down the lane, its rotational speed ( 329:

Simplified sport pattern: a "flatter" (more even) distribution of oil across the lane presents a greater challenge to hit the pocket.

6533: 4224: 2065:

The number of league bowlers in the U.S. peaked at 8 million in 1980, declining to approximately 1 million by the early 2020s.

1497: 1225:, or kegeling, which used nine pins set in a diamond formation. The enjoyment of kegeling by German peasants contrasted with (lawn) 7244: 5839: 5617: 4015: 1827:(begun in 1965) is recognized as bowling's largest event in terms of number of countries competing, according to the USBC in 2018. 1578:

in 2001, and again in 2012. By 2013, AMF Bowling had merged with New York–based Bowlmor (no relation to the defunct, 1940s-founded

6573: 1054:: When a second roll of a frame is needed to knock down all ten pins (marked "/" on the scorescreen), the frame receives ten pins 8196: 7718:"This confronting advertising campaign ran for only three weeks in the 1980s, but it is seared on the nation's collective memory" 5952: 3039: 2994: 496: 365: 8160: 7625: 7133: 5461: 5416: 3257: 3059: 1167:

An early (1820) newspaper ad features a "Ball and Ten Pin Alley" to attract customers to a "Baking and Confectionary Business".

6012: 3730: 6849: 6782: 6587: 5218: 5115: 3028: 2385:

in 1982, considered by many to be the first-ever 900 series, was denied certification due to non-conforming lane conditions.

913:, involving insertion of fingers only to the first knuckle, enables greater revolution rates and resultant hook potential. A 675: 462: 7174: 7843: 7774: 7262: 7199: 3478: 3105: 1243:, England, shows a man bowling outdoors with a triangular formation of ten pins. An outdoor version of ten-pin bowling was 909:, used on non-customized house balls and some custom-drilled balls, involves insertion of fingers to the second knuckle. A 7576: 7221: 5640: 3937: 3570: 2473:

was broadcast on Saturday afternoons to be viewed by millions, and—with various entertainment-oriented programs including

8201: 5020: 1620:

To attract a broader range of patrons, many bowling centers offer "cosmic bowling" (shown) and host other special events.

838:, involves not inserting the thumb into any thumbhole, with the opposite hand supporting and guiding the ball throughout 555: 532:(which can be modified by sanding or polishing, or by including additives that physically increase lubrication). "Weak" ( 439:

that involves making the ball start out straight but then curve toward a target, to increase the likelihood of striking:

274: 7717: 6476: 6080: 5668: 4292:... ten pins being a game of mingled chance and skill, invented when the legislature passed an act forbidding nine pins. 3919: 2529:

Former PBA Commissioner Mark Gerberich said that ABC paid the PBA $ 200,000 per broadcast in 1991, but by 1997 "we were

432:). In what is considered an ideal strike shot, the ball contacts only the 1, 3, 5 and 9 pins (right-handed deliveries). 8145: 8140: 8020:, "Game Board" or "Game-Box For Ten-Pins", issued September 6, 1870, to George Benedict Fowler of Brooklyn, New York. ( 7920: 7383: 7151: 6720: 6173: 4958: 4810:"Afro-Americans in New York Life and History: The integration of the American Bowling Congress: the Buffalo experience" 2458: 1961: 1930: 1885: 1708: 1467: 1335:

bowling clubs formed the National Bowling Association (NBA) to standardize rules, but disagreements prevailed. In 1887

738: 5862: 8395: 8216: 7673: 6195: 5691: 4994: 4980: 4887: 3798: 1949: 1511: 7495: 7043: 6983: 5332: 4663: 1907:, owns the Commonwealth Tenpin Bowling Championships, which has held tournaments at irregular intervals since 2002. 1034:: When all ten pins are knocked down on the first roll (marked "X" on the scorescreen), the frame receives ten pins 8574: 8180: 8165: 8150: 4461: 1957: 1831: 1696: 1407: 1355: 632: 63: 7751: 6912: 4484: 4388: 4368: 4351: 4305: 3558: 6254: 5722: 5310: 2975: 2703: 1983: 1692: 1161: 7695: 5982: 5155: 5073: 4928: 4850: 3755: 3207:) The owner "has erected, for the amusement of those who favor him with their custom, a Ball and Ten Pin Alley". 1995: 1351:(WIBC) in the 1910s, such organizations promoting standardized rules and striving to improve the sport's image. 1229:

that was reserved for the upper classes, consistent with bowling's enduring reputation as a common man's sport.

1208: 284: 8261: 8175: 6871: 5382: 4617: 4556:, Eichell, George W., "Game Board (Setting Up Ten-Pins And Returning Balls)", issued August 9, 1853 3547: 2797: 2776: 2514: 2440:

to maintain "average integrity" (fair handicapping) across leagues using oil patterns of differing difficulty.

2318: 1878: 1862: 1755: 1344: 931: 440: 396: 7890: 6383: 5483: 4078: 3842: 3589: 2501:. However, television ratings fell substantially, from 9.1 in the mid-1970s to 2.0 in 1997, the year in which 2419:

Automatic lane oiling machines can be programmed to lay down oil patterns of different levels of difficulty. "

755:

For most two-handed deliveries, the thumb is never inserted into the ball in the first place, allowing a high

352:

that would change ball reaction after repeated ball rolls. Lane oils are characterized by different levels of

8231: 8074: 3169: 2464: 1893: 866:

The "UFO" or "helicopter" release: the thumb faces the body, while the middle and ring fingers face the pins.

379:(curving) the ball. Larger entry angles have been shown to be generally more favorable for achieving strikes. 6677: 6353: 6224: 5809: 5524: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3390: 2432:

advances in coverstock and core design combined with improved lane surfaces and accommodative oil patterns.

2420: 1669:

pocket 60 feet away while smashing down about 36 pounds of lumber. There are certainly easier things to do.

514: 6659: 6143: 5270: 4575:, Pierce/Peirce, Amos T., "Bowling Alley (Improvement in Bowling-Alleys)", issued July 13, 1869 3619: 3194: 2922:

What is believed to be the first bowling video game was released in the 1977, a built-in provided with the

2906: 1929:, ranked standings in the Pan American Bowling Confederation (PABCON), Asian Bowling Federation (ABF), and 1790: 1626: 1571: 5918: 4213:) (auction notice describing "a garden ... wherein is a small Bowling Green, Ten-pin and Skettle Grounds") 311: 8281: 8246: 8221: 7650: 3387: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3281: 2648: 2088: 1843: 1824: 602: 560: 7426:"Bowling Technology Study: An Examination and Discussion on Technology's Impact in the Sport of Bowling" 7348:"Bowling Technology Study: An Examination and Discussion on Technology's Impact in the Sport of Bowling" 6102: 5775: 5021:"Bowled over by Leicester's Top Rank entertainment: The classic era of Leicester's nightlife, 1960-1980" 4138: 3083:"Bowling Technology Study: An Examination and Discussion on Technology's Impact in the Sport of Bowling" 2048: 501: 448: 370: 8211: 8206: 7524:"The Last Frame After 36 Years on ABC, Bowling and Announcer Chris Schenkel Got Tossed Into the Gutter" 7299: 6704: 4813: 4061:"New Scoring System for Competitive Bowling to be Unveiled During World Bowling Tour Finals at WSOB VI" 3225: 2545: 1945: 1940:, international games modeled after the Olympics (awarding medals) do include the sport, including the 1070:

The maximum score is 300, achieved by getting twelve strikes in a row within the same game (known as a

729: 473: 323: 6961: 4744: 4537:, Sloan, Thomas J., "Game Board (Apparatus For Setting Up Ten-Pins)", issued April 8, 1851 3987:"New scoring system introduced for World Bowling Tour finals to try to help sport's Olympic ambitions" 3278: 2914: 520: 8236: 7838: 7602: 5591: 4181: 4163: 3492: 2469: 1412: 428: 8042: 7559: 4434: 3775: 2424: 2357: 1477:

The "Lane Master" automatic lane cleaning and conditioning machine was first deployed in the 1960s.

693:

accuracy and repeatability, and benefit from the high entry angles that reactive resin balls enable.

578: 572: 505: 349: 8596: 8067: 6027: 5565: 3744: 3529: 3129: 2785: 2256: 2019:

The average number of lanes per bowling center has trended upward slightly during this time period.

1851: 1610: 1481: 1371: 566: 479: 345: 7067:"Shafer Leads U.S. Open, But 14-Year-Old Kamron Doyle Becomes Youngest Casher in PBA Tour History" 5177: 4366:● A slightly earlier, though less clearly legible, version of the same ad ran the previous month: 3962: 2366:

three-game tie-breaker match, without regard to the chronological order of their accomplishments.

2044: 1192: 1066:). A spare in the first two rolls in the tenth (final) frame receives a third roll for bonus pins. 1004: 815: 756: 467: 200:. The 41.5-inch-wide (105 cm), 60-foot-long (18 m) lane is bordered along its length by 4507: 4411: 3423: 2970: 2715: 2245: 2227: 2149: 2131: 2040: 1904: 1519: 1515: 17: 7402: 6804: 6520: 4279: 3301: 2765:(1996) presents the early challenges of three young bowlers breaking into professional bowling. 2059: 1745: 617: 541: 444: 8342: 8251: 8155: 7425: 7347: 6895:"Australia's Jason Belmonte Wins U.S. Open, Becomes Second Bowler to Complete PBA "Super Slam"" 6498: 5895: 5876: 3673: 3345: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3082: 2352: 2338:

Oldest to win a PBA Tour major tournament (that was classified as a major when it took place):

2080: 1847: 1602: 1594: 1071: 241: 5436: 5046: 4704: 1144:

For a more comprehensive history of other forms of bowling that pre-date ten-pin bowling, see

917:, often used by so-called "two-handed" bowlers, maximizes ball rotational speed ("rev rate"). 545: 509: 485: 413: 8388: 8286: 8226: 7860: 6613: 5896:"Protest New York Bowlers / Chicagoan Objects to Awarding Championship to Starr and Voorhies" 3700: 3020:

Bowling Beyond the Basics: What's Really Happening on the Lanes, and What You Can Do about It

2808: 2643: 2192: 2117: 2001:

Same data, normalized to 1997 values to show relative change in lanes, centers and membership

1922: 1889: 1730: 1575: 1421: 1316: 58: 7277: 6938: 6309: 4640: 3643:, Chapter 10 ("The Pocket Isn't the Pocket... and It's Nowhere Near Where You Think It Is"). 3313: 1854:. Dozens more PBA tournaments are held in various U.S. geographical segments as part of the 8307: 8291: 7961: 6756: 4591: 3040:"Identifying the Critical Factors That Contribute to Bowling Ball Motion on a Bowling Lane" 2530: 2378: 2238: 2163: 1758:(USBC) was formed as the governing body for the U.S. on January 1, 2005, by the merger of: 1716:

genuine and equal opportunity to participate in the sport at all levels and in all roles".

1653: 1645: 1507: 718: 7403:"USBC to reclassify more than 700 leagues as Sport or Challenge leagues based on research" 5543: 1762:

the American Bowling Congress (ABC, an originally male-only organization founded in 1895),

1583: 1354:

From 1920 to 1929, the number of ABC-sanctioned alleys grew from 450 to about 2,000, with

1343:, and in the mid-1890s the United Bowling Clubs (UBC) was organized with 120 members. The 279: 8: 8577: 8322: 8256: 2965: 2861: 2827: 2668: 2627: 2621: 2549: 2487: 2339: 2285: 2188: 1870: 1835: 1638: 588:(thick or thin consistency; innate viscosity being affected by temperature and humidity). 483:, respectively), and how far beyond the foul line that the ball first contacts the lane ( 132: 88: 7236: 7125: 6569: 6050: 4011: 2631:(1976 debut); ESPN broadcasts five of six fall PBA Tour events in its debut year (1979). 2025: 1865:(USBC) has various tournaments for the PBA tour, PWBA, youth and seniors, including the 8525: 7833: 7316: 5424: 5121: 4034:"World Bowling Tour final winner backs new scoring system if it helps Olympic campaign" 3897:"USBC Certifies String Pin Bowling as Independent Competition Effective August 1, 2023" 2747: 2538: 2519: 1649: 1425: 830: 408: 8495: 6653: 5948: 5125: 5111: 4950: 4604: 3024: 2891: 2856: 2615: 2609: 2481: 2145: 1855: 1734: 782:

often involve a long follow-through and widely extended balance arm and leg. (shown:

30:"Tenpin" redirects here. For the brand of bowling centres in the United Kingdom, see 5412: 3722: 1805: 1480:

In the 1960s and early 1970s, top bowling professionals made twice as much money as

51:

Ball contacts the 1, 3, 5, and 9 pins (sequentially tinted red) to achieve a strike.

8601: 8545: 8540: 8515: 8510: 8488: 8381: 8357: 8119: 6004: 5103: 2874: 2770: 2735: 2686: 2569: 2314: 2292: 2095: 2084: 1794: 1558: 1030: 958: 435:

Most new players roll the ball straight, while more experienced bowlers may roll a

341:) can exceed 10-to-1 for THSs but is restricted to 3-to-1 or less for sport shots. 257: 222: 95: 8473: 6778: 5877:"Bowlers' Tourney in Chicago / New York Teams First and Second in Two-Men Contest" 5207: 2882:), a "slacker's slacker", hangs out with his buddies at a bowling alley, in which 2835:

plays a man aspiring to be a professional bowler who faces a challenger played by

1956:(governed by the Israeli Bowling Federation, IBF, with events played according to 1296:

Bowling alley at the Pleasant Beach Hotel, Bainbridge Island, Washington (c. 1898)

8505: 8426: 8352: 8347: 5306: 5107: 3018: 2597: 2585: 2475: 2252: 2013: 1953: 1450:

using bowling as a promotional device in 1962, during the "golden age of bowling"

1396: 1336: 1256: 1050: 984: 528:(degree of "stickiness" designed by manufacturers into the resin coverstock) and 196:

area used by the bowler to impart speed and apply rotation to the ball ends in a

7258: 7195: 7086:"19-Year-Old Simonsen Wins USBC Masters to Become Youngest to Win a Major Title" 5854: 5503:"PBA League Is Must-See TV: PDW, Duke, Barnes, Belmonte and Others Tell You Why" 5453: 3609:"What is the difference between Pin up and Pin down Drilling on a Bowling Ball?" 3470: 1989:

USBC membership has declined, indicating waning league participation in the U.S.

1439: 1410:(PBA) in 1958 with 33 members, and the first PBA tournaments began in 1959. The 1308:

Human pinsetters (Pittsburgh, c. 1908) preceded automated mechanical pinsetters.

704:

who combine the high rev rates of crankers with the smooth delivery of strokers.

8560: 8483: 8463: 8438: 8332: 8327: 7584: 7213: 3475:

BowlingDigital.com (Courtesy of USBC Equipment Specification and Certification)

2849: 2752: 2696: 2495:

garnered excellent ratings in the 1960s and early 1970s, as a lead-in to ABC's

2332: 2156: 1973: 1606: 1198:

An 1838 Indiana newspaper describes how ten-pin bowling was devised to evade a

1112: 1046:). A strike in the tenth (final) frame receives two extra rolls for bonus pins. 835: 811: 783: 471:), the angle of the ball's axis of rotation in horizontal and vertical planes ( 436: 376: 210: 7876: 7738: 6698: 5618:"Tenpin alleys boom as Britain is bowled over by retro vibes of 1950s America" 4812:. Afro-American Historical Association of the Niagara Frontier. Archived from 4572: 4248:"Charles Dickens at 200: When the great chronicler of London visited New York" 4200: 4182:"An Ordinance to License Taverns, Groceries, Coffee-Houses, Exchanges &c;" 4083:/ Address of the National Society for Promoting the Observance of the Sabbath" 3816: 2306:

Tour event: Jillian Martin (2021 PWBA BowlTV Classic at age 17 years, 16 days)

1936:

Though ten-pin bowling has not progressed beyond a demonstration sport at the

1723:(NAYBC) is a BTBA subcommittee serving youth bowlers and youth bowling clubs. 1574:, the largest operator of bowling centers in the world at the time, filed for 1123:

Another variant of scoring, a 12-frame system introduced at the November 2014

8590: 8550: 8362: 8124: 8017: 7317:

USBC Equipment Specifications and Certification section (December 17, 2007).

7147: 7003:"'Major Mika' Wins PBA Tournament of Champions, Record $ 250,000 First Prize" 6734: 6468: 6072: 4553: 4534: 2923: 2852:

plays an "honest but luckless pro bowler with a bad wrist and a good woman."

2844: 2816: 2544:

In 2019, the PBA entered an agreement, expected to last four years, in which

2382: 1937: 1926: 1900: 1817: 1810: 1712: 1684: 1563: 1463: 1456: 1328: 1124: 1083: 882: 855: 144: 7916: 7537: 7104:"Stow's Jillian Martin, 17, becomes youngest woman to win pro bowling event" 6916: 6716: 5283:

The SGMA is now (2019) The Sports & Fitness Industry Association (SFIA).

4401:) Advertises a property with a "commodious and well-adjusted ten-pin alley". 3054:

Study began in 2005. Publication date is estimated based on article content.

2869:

said in an interview, "If we can't laugh at bowling, what can we laugh at?"

1545: 1086:

scoring system—described as "current frame scoring"—awards pins as follows:

8418: 8317: 8266: 8104: 6017:

Publication date is estimated based on March 2015 date of earliest archive.

4891: 4424:) Offering for rent, a "Public House" with "a good Ten Pin Alley attached". 2927: 2883: 2879: 2832: 2662: 2296: 2281: 2213: 2199: 2124: 1866: 1839: 1601:" aiming to grow the sport. Beginning late in the decade of the 2000s, the 1447: 1443: 877: 671: 177: 173: 7039: 5533:

Link is to a January 2011 archive of USBC website describing 2009 numbers.

1455:

to some extent, and the Fédération Internationale des Quilleurs (FIQ; now

8431: 8271: 8109: 6828:"JASON BELMONTE WINS RECORD-SETTING FOURTH TOURNAMENT OF CHAMPIONS TITLE" 4521: 3139:. Vol. 1, no. 3. New York: American Sports Publishing Company. 2866: 2819: 2509: 2377:

Jeremy Sonnenfeld (Sioux Falls, South Dakota) rolled the first certified

2206: 2138: 1941: 1874: 1634: 1587: 1462:

A firmer establishment of the sport began in the U.K. in 1960 in London (

1403: 1145: 299:

Oil patterns, with greater oil concentrations represented by darker blues

185: 154: 8478: 7674:"Professional Bowlers Association sold as Bowlero aims for perfect game" 7583:. Professional Bowlers Association (PBA). April 19, 2006. Archived from 6165: 3532:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). December 29, 2016. 2678:("Los Palitroques Gigantes", one of the Peruvian show's signature games) 366:

Bowling ball § Effect of coverstock, core and layout on ball motion

46: 8500: 8453: 8337: 7865: 7022:"Kyle Troup Wins PBA Players CHampionship for First Career Major Title" 3747:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). December 7, 2016. 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 2936: 2836: 2803: 2781: 2756: 2260: 2234: 2220: 2170: 1915: 1729:

The Tenpin Bowling Proprietors Association (TBPA, formed in 1961 as an

1272: 1128: 773: 214:(curve) the ball into the pins to increase the likelihood of striking. 31: 6405: 6276: 6246: 5974: 5714: 1918:, that began in 2000 and has been held almost exclusively in the U.K. 1459:) was formed in 1952 to coordinate international amateur competition. 862: 753:, the actual release involves a single dominant hand for most bowlers. 747:

Both hands retain contact with the ball until just before the release.

544:

of the finger and thumb holes with respect to core orientation affect

8312: 8276: 8114: 7794:"'How We Roll' Hopes To Bowl Over Viewers With An Aspirational Story" 7423: 7345: 6572:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). August 3, 2012. 3550:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). April 18, 2016. 3255: 3103: 3080: 3057: 2274: 2106: 2055: 1911: 1381: 1302: 1252: 1199: 935: 676:

Bowling ball § Effect of delivery characteristics on ball motion

646: 584: 353: 249: 181: 8535: 6205:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). August 1, 2010. p. 1. 6135: 4451:) Reference to a "ten pin alley" in an inn in the Philadelphia area. 4344: 3495:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). July 28, 2016. 3434: 1711:(BTBA, formed in 1961) is the official governing body recognized by 8241: 7477:

Archive link provides for download of PDF file rather than viewing.

6375: 5570:

BowlingMuseum.com (International Bowling Museum & Hall of Fame)

5487: 4381: 3723:"Young Australian Puts a New Spin on Bowling: He Throws Two-Handed" 3592:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). January 2015. 3195:"H. G. Kirk ... Banking and Confectionary Business (advertisement)" 1360: 1332: 1321: 8059: 7302:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). August 2014. 7214:"Elliot Crosby becomes the youngest player in the UK to shoot 300" 6051:"Opening Ceremony Kicks Off 2018 QubicaAMF World Cup In Las Vegas" 8520: 8404: 6345: 5979:

BowlingMuseum.com (International Bowling Museum and Hall of Fame)

5797: 5528: 5047:"Bowling Was The Sport of Kings Back Then and Now of Working Men" 4524:

touts "Billiard Room and Ten Pin Alley attached to the premises".

3540: 3522: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3359: 2813: 2674: 1616: 1240: 275:

Bowling ball § Effect of lane characteristics on ball motion

253: 169: 6641:. Rule 16 (sample rule): United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 5997: 5486:. Professional Bowlers Association. January 2013. Archived from 4807: 4454: 2934:

in 1991, almost a decade before convincing 3D graphics arrived.

8458: 8443: 8046: 7626:"Mark Gerberich, Three Former PBA Stars Enter PBA Hall of Fame" 7175:"Anthony Simonsen Wins Second USBC Masters Title At 2022 Event" 6678:"Match point scoring can make league night more lively bowling" 4995:"BTBA Bowling Pin – Who was William Ivor Massil? – Talk Tenpin" 3173:. Chicago, Illinois: National Bowlers Journal Inc. p. 121. 3167:

Pluckhahn, Bruce (December 1988). "Bowling Games People Play".

2926:

console. A pseudo-3D game was released in 1982 for the Emerson

2205:

First female to earn more than US$ 100,000 in a single season:

1501:

A bowling alley in Berlin (1981) with early electronic displays

1222: 6850:"Liz Johnson wins 2017 U.S. Women's Open for 10th major title" 4477: 4298: 3356: 2537:

featured bowling from 2000 to 2018 on Sunday afternoons, with

2144:

First to earn 100 combined titles in PBA Tour, PBA50 Tour and

1952:(governed by the Pan American Sports Organization, PASO). The 1914:

is an annual, three-day US vs. Europe tournament, named after

1899:

The Commonwealth Tenpin Bowling Federation (CTBF), made up of

443:

research has shown that shots most likely to strike enter the

221:

Ten-pin bowling arose in the early 1800s as an alternative to

8468: 8448: 7818:(Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 2004 paperback edition), p. 114. 5767: 5527:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 2010. Archived from 4333:

The Maryland Republican and Political and Agricultural Museum

3471:"Understanding the relationship between core and cover stock" 2980: 2169:

Only winners of a career "Super Slam" (all five PBA majors):

2099: 1944:(governed by the International World Games Association), the 1598: 1226: 951: 245: 7645: 7643: 4378:● Advertises a property having "a first rate ten pin alley". 4225:"Final frame looms for longstanding North Van bowling alley" 4174: 2219:

First female to earn US$ 1 million in career earnings:

2094:

First female to bowl a perfect game on national television:

1687:(WB) was formed in 2014 from component organizations of the 1652:

since 1991, after making the shortlist for inclusion in the

977: 8530: 6562: 4691: 4689: 4687: 3339: 3337: 3013:

USBC, Equipment Specifications and Certifications Division.

2956:—have granted licenses to use their names for video games. 2534: 834:

bowling, first popularized late in the 2000s by Australian

8373: 7459:"Bowling Technology Updates -- Frequently Asked Questions" 7278:"USBC Concludes Re-evaluation of Glenn Allison 900 Series" 7058: 6984:"Kyle Troup Wins KIA PBA Playoffs for Eighth Career Title" 4427: 3485: 3189: 3187: 3185: 2895:(2000), high school students engage in a bowling rivalry. 2388: 1489:

waning league participation over the intervening decades.

1095:

A spare is 10 pins, plus the pinfall on first roll of the

1092:

A strike is 30 pins, regardless of ensuing rolls' results.

7654: 7640: 6513: 5888: 4306:"AN ACT to restrict the playing at the game of Nine Pins" 4027: 4025: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3469:

Siefers, Nick (USBC research engineer) (April 23, 2007).

3258:"USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual" 3060:"USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual" 2931: 2381:

in 1997. A well-publicized court-contested 900 series by

1892:(organized in 2000), including its final tournament, the 1471: 180:

down a wood or synthetic lane toward ten pins positioned

7617: 7126:"Southern Nevada Sports Hall of Fame - Wendy Macpherson" 6962:"Aleta Rzepecki-Sill – Bowling's First Lady Millionaire" 6671: 6669: 5869: 5558: 4684: 4089:. Milledgeville, Georgia, U.S. June 22, 1829. p. 6. 3579:, Chapter 9 ("Track Flare, or Much Ado About Nothing?"). 3453: 3334: 3038:

Stremmel, Neil; Ridenour, Paul; Stervenz, Scott (2008).

3037: 2198:

First to earn more than US$ 100,000 in a single season:

1644:

Though ten-pin bowling was a demonstration sport in the

1102:

An open frame is the total pinfall of the current frame.

7954: 7543: 7424:

United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (February 2018).

7377: 7375: 7373: 7371: 7346:

United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (February 2018).

7269: 7206: 6223:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). Archived from 6042: 5309:

archives of USBC's bowl.com website. Links provided on

4738: 4736: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4722: 4491:. Washington, D.C., U.S. September 24, 1836. p. 3. 4193: 3256:

United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (February 2012).

3182: 3081:

United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (February 2018).

3058:

United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (February 2012).

1948:(governed by the Olympic Council of Asia, OCA) and the 7339: 6749: 6628: 6188: 5967: 5831: 5641:"10 Pan Am Games sports you won't see at the Olympics" 5548:

bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress "Press Room")

5327: 5325: 5323: 5248:"It's the End of the Lane for ABC's Bowling Broadcast" 5012: 4973:"Bowling History 101: The First British Bowling Alley" 4610: 4571: 4445:. Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. May 18, 1833. p. 2. 4170:. Logansport, Indiana, U.S. March 10, 1838. p. 1. 4158: 4156: 4022: 3973: 3938:"Chapter 2: General Playing Rules / Rule 2 – The Game" 3930: 2993:

Benner, Donald; Mours, Nicole; Ridenour, Paul (2009).

1221:

Modern ten-pin bowling derives mainly from the German

7386:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 7319:"Research complete on USBC Bowling Ball Motion Study" 7190: 7188: 6666: 6431: 6239: 6020: 5737:"WTBA Rules / 2015-06-01 / Introduction / Background" 5694:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 5662: 5660: 5658: 5536: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5170: 4780: 4778: 4321: 4188:. Logansport, Indiana, U.S. June 29, 1839. p. 3. 3965:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 3801:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 3767: 3514:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 3503: 3426:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 3348:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 3228:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity educational section). 2541:

also airing a smaller number of bowling tournaments.

2244:

First to earn US$ 3 million in career earnings:

2226:

First to earn US$ 2 million in career earnings:

2212:

First to earn US$ 1 million in career earnings:

7596: 7594: 7368: 7077: 6580: 6277:"European Bowling Tour Masters: A Historical Review" 6065: 5774:. British Tenpin Bowling Association. May 12, 2017. 4944: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4719: 4633: 4630:) Other sources are apparently wrong in citing 1914. 4500: 4335:. Annapolis, Maryland, U.S. May 26, 1821. p. 4. 4239: 3817:"Xtra Slow Motion - Tom Daugherty's Bowling Release" 3600: 3201:. Vincennes, Indiana, U.S. June 10, 1820. p. 3. 3162: 3160: 2187:

sport) to receive $ 1,000,000 endorsement contract:

2068: 1750:

quarter-inch larger in circumference than permitted.

1363:

style and fit the era's perceived "need for speed".

497:

Effect of coverstock, core and layout on ball motion

7852: 7489: 7487: 7485: 7483: 7453: 7451: 7449: 6543: 6398: 6136:"Championship Tournaments / Tournament Information" 6128: 5611: 5609: 5585: 5583: 5383:"AMF Bowling Worldwide and Bowlmor Complete Merger" 5320: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5231: 4584: 4514:. Washington, D.C., U.S. March 18, 1837. p. 3. 4375:. Washington, D.C., U.S. March 24, 1830. p. 3. 4312:. Washington, D.C., U.S. August 7, 1834. p. 3. 4153: 4006: 4004: 3871:"Looking for a bowling ball? Here's the guy to see" 3845:. BowlingBall.com (Bowlversity education section). 3834: 3381: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 2992: 1118: 749:Though it is often incorrectly called a two-handed 558:). Lane conditions that affect ball motion include 244:to distinguish it from other bowling types such as 8036: 8034: 8032: 8030: 7417: 7251: 7237:"Florida Bowler Becomes Youngest to Bowl 300 Game" 7185: 7140: 6915:. Professional Bowlers Association. Archived from 6757:"Breaking More Barriers, Woman Takes P.B.A. Title" 6605: 6491: 6095: 5729: 5655: 5632: 5192: 4890:. Professional Bowlers Association. Archived from 4552: 4418:. Washington, D.C., U.S. June 28, 1832. p. 3. 4404: 4395:. Washington, D.C., U.S. June 21, 1831. p. 3. 4358:. Washington, D.C., U.S. April 2, 1830. p. 4. 4216: 4071: 3464: 3462: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 2423:" enable higher scores than the more challenging " 1793:is located on the International Bowling Campus in 524:). Friction-related factors may be categorized as 7927: 7821: 7665: 7591: 6461: 6310:"Commonwealth Championships: A Historical Review" 6302: 5941: 5838:. British University Tenpin Bowling Association. 5517: 5100:Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital 5040: 5038: 4935: 4755: 4468:. Savannah, Georgia, U.S. May 3, 1834. p. 5. 4341:) Reference to "... keeper of the ten-pin alley". 4271: 3864: 3862: 3860: 3157: 2930:console, and a multi-player game was released by 1964:rules) host ten-pin tournaments as medal events. 463:Effect of delivery characteristics on ball motion 8588: 7882: 7785: 7766: 7480: 7446: 6905: 6771: 6368: 5606: 5580: 5494: 5343: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5267:"American Demographics: Bowling throws a strike" 5228: 4808:Rigali, James. H.; Walter, John C. (July 2005). 4787:"Is bowling in its final frames — or on a roll?" 4533: 4497:) Sale of "Coffee House" having "Ten Pin Alley". 4001: 3920:"New 'String Pin' Technology May Change Bowling" 3890: 3888: 3210: 1380:Gottfried Schmidt invented the first mechanical 8027: 7917:"AFI Catalog of Feature Films / Dreamer (1979)" 7909: 7571: 7569: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7407:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress, USBC) 7326:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress, USBC) 7282:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress, USBC) 7241:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress, USBC) 6166:"2019 USA Bowling Regional Tournament Schedule" 6055:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress, USBC) 5844:The 2014 archive shows more explanatory detail. 5808:. National Association of Youth Bowling Clubs. 5709: 5707: 5705: 5476: 5093: 5091: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4116: 3943:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 2018. 3911: 3761: 3640: 3625: 3576: 3564: 3459: 3408: 3402: 3328: 3307: 3295: 3017:Freeman, James; Hatfield, Ron (July 15, 2018). 3016: 1341:Standard Rules for Bowling in the United States 228:Ten-pin bowling is often simply referred to as 7988: 6964:. National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame 6338: 6158: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5406: 5404: 5374: 5264: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5035: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4882: 4880: 4837: 4835: 4833: 4831: 4474:) Sheriff's sale of "Ten Pin Alley and Balls". 4128: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4096: 3954: 3857: 3799:"2-Handed Bowling: Is It A Fad Or The Future?" 3790: 3764:, Chapter 5 ("You Say You Want a Revolution"). 3737: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3104:United States Bowling Congress (USBC) (2021). 1873:(both major tournaments on the PBA tour), and 1247:, also in Ipswich, at least as early as 1828. 182:evenly in four rows in an equilateral triangle 8389: 8075: 7997:"The Longest Movie Plot Summary on Knowledge" 7394: 7310: 7292: 7228: 7032: 6886: 6864: 6521:"BLS Data Viewer / Time series CES7071395001" 6005:"Level 4 § 3. How do these tournaments work?" 5762: 5760: 5286: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4860: 4673:. United States Patent and Trademark Office. 4655: 3885: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3663: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3582: 2346: 2291:Youngest to win a PBA Tour major tournament: 1791:International Bowling Museum and Hall of Fame 556:Effect of lane characteristics on ball motion 7744: 7688: 7566: 7510: 6406:"World Ranking Masters: A Historical Review" 6269: 6247:"European Bowling Tour: A Historical Review" 5702: 5692:"Squeezing Your Bowling Ball Gripping Holes" 5448: 5446: 5088: 5044: 3843:"Determining Stance Distance & Position" 3567:, Chapter 13 ("Create a Bowler's Tool Kit"). 665: 7739:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CbSgGBGXm9g 7651:"A League of Ordinary Gentlemen / The Film" 5906: 5847: 5401: 5137: 5061: 4898: 4828: 4801: 4745:"The Rise and Fall of Professional Bowling" 4207:. No. 4701. April 26, 1828. p. 3. 4093: 4055: 4053: 4051: 3707: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3239: 2280:Youngest to earn cash in a PBA Tour event: 2273:Youngest to win a standard PBA Tour title: 1721:National Association of Youth Bowling Clubs 1613:player's minimum base salary of $ 375,000. 263: 8396: 8382: 8082: 8068: 7933: 7600: 7549: 7496:"Professional Bowling Rolls to Fox Sports" 7261:. BowlingBall.com ("Info" section). 2004. 7234: 7198:. BowlingBall.com ("Info" section). 2004. 7083: 6108:. Professional Bowlers Association. 2019. 6048: 5790: 5757: 5592:"Tenpin bowling is reborn as the new cool" 4965: 4857: 4295:Dickens did not specify which legislature. 3809: 3680: 3646: 2560:Particular television broadcasts include: 2555: 1737:for the British ten-pin bowling industry. 1131:scoring in counting the greater number of 7772: 7603:"Bowling's three hurdles to gain respect" 7493: 7466:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress) 6593:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 6475:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 6469:"Team USA Home / 2019 Pan American Games" 6445:. Olympic Council of Asia. Archived from 6172:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 6142:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 5923:Bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress) 5666: 5458:Bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress) 5443: 4645:bowl.com (United States Bowling Congress) 4135:St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture 3903:. United States Bowling Congress (USBC). 3894: 3628:, Chapter 16 ("Advanced Considerations"). 3166: 2331:Oldest to win a standard PBA Tour title: 2177: 2105:Most titles in a single PBA Tour season: 1584:automatic pinsetter for candlepin bowling 1416:TV program aired from 1962 through 1997. 1347:was established in 1895, followed by the 708: 192:An approximately 15-foot (5 m) long 7816:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 7752:"Bowling Through The Decades: The 2000s" 7696:"Bowling Through The Decades: The 1950s" 7521: 7381: 7202:from the original on September 21, 2005. 6700:Video of Nakayama rolling a perfect game 6509:from the original on September 26, 2017. 5865:from the original on September 19, 2017. 5689: 5651:from the original on September 15, 2018. 5352:"AMF Bowling files for bankruptcy again" 5205: 5156:"Bowling Through The Decades: The 1980s" 5102:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 223–234. 5074:"Bowling Through The Decades: The 1970s" 4961:from the original on September 19, 2018. 4921:"Bowling Through The Decades: The 1990s" 4843:"Bowling through the Decades: The 1960s" 4742: 4618:"Pollack Wins Tourney With a Mineralite" 4439:publishes the following pleasant notice" 4246:Nazaryan, Alexander (February 7, 2012). 4245: 4222: 4201:"Bury Saint Edmunds / Free Public House" 4048: 4044:from the original on September 13, 2016. 4018:from the original on September 13, 2016. 3960: 3773: 3720: 3606: 3590:"How Should My Bowling Ball Be Drilled?" 3512:"The Simple Keys Of Bowling Ball Motion" 3509: 3481:from the original on September 20, 2018. 3430:from the original on September 17, 2018. 3421: 3343: 3236: 3223: 3199:Indiana Centinel & Public Advertiser 2913: 2731:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 2405: 2392: 2356: 1813:(initial ranking) for the final matches. 1804: 1744: 1661: 1615: 1605:became popularized, first by Australian 1549:Example of a modern bowling alley (2010) 1544: 1496: 1438: 1370: 1077: 1003: 861: 412: 369: 278: 116:Bowling ball, pins, lanes, bowling shoes 8607:Sports originating in the United States 8197:WTBA World Tenpin Bowling Championships 8040: 7950:from the original on December 15, 2018. 7919:. American Film Institute (AFI). 1970. 7893:Tom and Jerry's Greatest Chases, Vol. 3 7684:from the original on November 25, 2020. 7671: 7661:from the original on September 8, 2006. 7442:from the original on December 31, 2018. 7364:from the original on December 31, 2018. 7288:from the original on December 10, 2014. 7224:from the original on December 30, 2010. 7132:. Southern Nevada Sports Hall of Fame. 7114:from the original on September 3, 2021. 7019: 6901:from the original on February 24, 2020. 6611: 6600:from the original on December 24, 2015. 6479:from the original on September 19, 2018 5842:from the original on September 4, 2014. 5683: 5380: 5350:Stempel, Jonathan (November 13, 2012). 5349: 4662:Schmidt, Gottfried J. (July 23, 1940). 4661: 4277: 4262:American Notes for General Circulation. 3997:from the original on November 18, 2016. 3917: 3796: 3751:from the original on February 14, 2021. 3499:from the original on November 10, 2016. 3468: 3405:, Chapter 8 ("Why Does My Ball Hook?"). 3352:from the original on November 15, 2015. 3232:from the original on November 12, 2020. 3099:from the original on December 31, 2018. 2865:(1996) is a bowling comedy about which 2491:—confirmed the sport's popularity. The 1689:Fédération Internationale des Quilleurs 1366: 680:Three widely recognized categories are 14: 8589: 8053:from the original on February 4, 2019. 7976:from the original on February 10, 2019 7905:from the original on December 6, 2017. 7791: 7773:St. James, Emily (November 12, 2009). 7672:Barrabi, Thomas (September 11, 2020). 7413:from the original on January 31, 2019. 7400: 7384:"Are Today's Bowling Scores Too High?" 7335:from the original on December 7, 2010. 7275: 7265:from the original on January 27, 2019. 7247:from the original on January 27, 2019. 7235:Cannizzaro, Matt (November 20, 2013). 7084:Cannizzaro, Matt (February 14, 2016). 7064: 6959: 6825: 6767:from the original on January 28, 2010. 6763:. Associated Press. January 25, 2010. 6558:from the original on October 27, 2019. 6531:from the original on October 28, 2019. 6505:. Maccabi World Union. July 28, 2016. 6412:. European Tenpin Bowling Federation. 6386:from the original on February 21, 2019 6356:from the original on February 21, 2019 6319:. European Tenpin Bowling Federation. 6283:. European Tenpin Bowling Federation. 6253:. European Tenpin Bowling Federation. 6176:from the original on December 27, 2018 6146:from the original on February 16, 2019 6061:from the original on November 6, 2018. 5919:"USBC, ABC, WIBC and Team USA Bowling" 5824: 5725:from the original on January 11, 2019. 5679:from the original on December 4, 2018. 5615: 5602:from the original on January 30, 2019. 5554:from the original on January 29, 2019. 5500: 5389:from the original on February 10, 2014 5245: 5208:"Bowling / Entertainment for All Ages" 5097: 5057:from the original on January 29, 2019. 5031:from the original on January 17, 2019. 4797:from the original on January 26, 2019. 4784: 4680:from the original on January 28, 2019. 4651:from the original on October 30, 2016. 4598:. Narragansett Machine Company. 1895. 4565: 4329:"Miscellaneous / From the Western Spy" 4282:American Notes for General Circulation 4067:from the original on November 7, 2014. 4031: 3984: 3881:from the original on January 31, 2019. 3868: 3853:Bowling Fundamentals - Second Edition. 3849:from the original on February 1, 2019. 3841:Mullen, Michelle (September 9, 2018). 3840: 3786:from the original on January 21, 2019. 3554:from the original on October 12, 2016. 3548:"Variables You Encounter When Bowling" 3536:from the original on February 9, 2017. 3454:Stremmel, Ridenour & Stervenz 2008 3122:from the original on November 2, 2021. 3011:from the original on December 7, 2010. 2233:Most earnings in a single PBA season: 2162:Most PWBA Tour major titles (career): 1767:Women's International Bowling Congress 1349:Women's International Bowling Congress 941: 8377: 8063: 8043:"A History Of Bowling In Video Games" 7994: 7888: 7858: 7172: 6675: 6576:from the original on January 6, 2016. 6049:Cannizzaro, Matt (November 5, 2018). 5638: 5628:from the original on January 2, 2019. 5589: 5410: 5258: 5051:buzzle.com (link to SportsAspire.com) 5018: 4948: 4369:"White House Retreat (advertisement)" 4352:"White House Retreat (advertisement)" 4278:Dickens, Charles (November 8, 1842). 3298:, Chapter 14 ("Applying Your Tools"). 3127: 2452: 2155:Most PBA Tour major titles (career): 2123:First woman to win a PBA Tour event: 1648:(Seoul) and has been included in the 1434: 1202:statute prohibiting nine-pin bowling. 592: 451:that is achievable only with a hook. 8007:from the original on March 28, 2019. 7781:from the original on March 18, 2022. 7775:"The best TV episodes of the decade" 7762:from the original on April 10, 2016. 7706:from the original on April 10, 2016. 7623: 7506:from the original on March 27, 2019. 7306:from the original on April 29, 2015. 7150:. Professional Bowlers Association. 7073:from the original on March 26, 2019. 7069:. Professional Bowlers Association. 7042:. Professional Bowlers Association. 7028:from the original on March 10, 2021. 7000: 6892: 6838:from the original on March 20, 2023. 6781:. Professional Bowlers Association. 6723:from the original on April 11, 2019. 6719:. Professional Bowlers Association. 6688:from the original on March 20, 2019. 6624:from the original on April 14, 2018. 6552:"How Bowling Alleys Made a Comeback" 6525:Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov) 6217:"Introduction to Tournament Bowling" 6079:. Professional Bowlers Association. 6073:"2019 Go Bowling! PBA Tour Schedule" 6038:from the original on March 24, 2019. 5753:from the original on March 18, 2019. 5698:from the original on August 8, 2016. 5667:Dougherty, Pete (December 3, 2018). 5590:Maley, Jacqueline (March 19, 2006). 5513:from the original on April 12, 2019. 5464:from the original on October 1, 2018 5339:from the original on April 20, 2009. 5269:. Media Central, Inc. Archived from 4751:from the original on March 16, 2018. 4743:Crockett, Zachary (March 21, 2014). 4032:Mackay, Duncan (February 21, 2016). 3985:Mackay, Duncan (February 20, 2016). 3950:from the original on March 20, 2019. 3926:from the original on April 28, 2023. 3733:from the original on March 31, 2015. 3146:from the original on March 27, 2020. 2741: 2073: 1637:bowling alleys outfitted with 1950s 1127:Tour (WBT) finals, resembles golf's 184:. The goal is to knock down all ten 8202:World Bowling Singles Championships 8089: 7934:Piantadosi, Roger (March 4, 1994). 7923:from the original on April 3, 2019. 7873:from the original on April 9, 2019. 7804:from the original on April 1, 2022. 7636:from the original on March 2, 2021. 7613:from the original on July 12, 2017. 7534:from the original on April 8, 2019. 7494:Steinberg, Brian (March 20, 2018). 7390:from the original on June 10, 2012. 7276:Bigham, Terry (November 22, 2014). 7181:from the original on April 4, 2022. 7154:from the original on August 7, 2016 7136:from the original on June 17, 2016. 7065:Thomas, Jason (February 23, 2012). 6882:from the original on March 5, 2020. 6785:from the original on March 27, 2019 6549: 6419:from the original on March 25, 2019 6326:from the original on March 26, 2019 6290:from the original on March 25, 2019 6257:from the original on March 25, 2019 6115:from the original on March 26, 2019 6083:from the original on March 22, 2019 6015:from the original on July 15, 2017. 5949:"Home / Youth / About Us / History" 5929:from the original on March 11, 2017 5812:from the original on March 17, 2019 5778:from the original on March 14, 2019 5419:from the original on April 3, 2019. 5188:from the original on June 14, 2017. 5166:from the original on March 9, 2007. 5084:from the original on March 9, 2007. 4671:patentimages.storage.googleapis.com 4508:"The Globe Hotel - By Geo. Kensett" 4258:from the original on June 17, 2019. 4223:Shepherd, Jeremy (March 30, 2018). 3961:Carrubba, Rich (December 8, 2012). 3805:from the original on July 31, 2011. 3721:Thompson, Adam (February 5, 2009). 3607:Hickland, Ronald (April 11, 2017). 3596:from the original on July 11, 2015. 3518:from the original on July 23, 2021. 3510:Carrubba, Rich (February 5, 2013). 3274:from the original on June 19, 2013. 3076:from the original on June 19, 2013. 2822:do battle inside a bowling center. 2701:bowling to settle court disputes); 2127:(2010, PBA Tournament of Champions) 1038:a bonus of pinfall on the next two 920: 847:between the legs or from the chest. 732:, causing the ball to hook (curve). 726:conventional (one-handed) delivery. 24: 8041:Zwiezen, Zack (February 2, 2019). 7475:from the original on July 8, 2019. 7401:Bigham, Terry (January 15, 2018). 7092:from the original on July 8, 2019. 7020:Goodger, Jef (February 21, 2021). 6990:from the original on May 16, 2021. 6960:Mullen, Michelle (June 12, 2008). 6872:"Aulby Announces Retirement Plans" 6648:from the original on May 28, 2016. 6212:from the original on May 13, 2012. 5985:from the original on June 21, 2018 5951:. United States Bowling Congress. 5576:from the original on June 8, 2016. 5501:Cimino, Peter (January 23, 2013). 5019:Ruddy, Austin J (August 1, 2017). 4602:from the original on July 1, 2018. 4235:from the original on July 7, 2018. 3918:Johnson, John (January 22, 2023). 3895:Schroeder, Dave (April 27, 2023). 3052:from the original on June 3, 2012. 3045:. United States Bowling Congress. 2459:Category:Bowling television series 1931:European Tenpin Bowling Federation 1886:European Tenpin Bowling Federation 1709:British Tenpin Bowling Association 1540: 1518:(Havana), and was included in the 1468:British Tenpin Bowling Association 25: 8618: 7522:Callahan, Gerry (June 30, 1997). 7046:from the original on May 26, 2010 5955:from the original on June 7, 2019 5669:"To grow, bowling needs Olympics" 5362:from the original on May 29, 2019 5224:from the original on May 4, 2021. 4284:/ Additional Extracts / New York" 3969:from the original on May 1, 2015. 3907:from the original on May 1, 2023. 3664:Wallace, Rich (January 6, 2011). 3382:Benner, Mours & Ridenour 2009 2995:"Pin Carry Study: Bowl Expo 2009" 2335:(1995, at age 57 years, 139 days) 2277:(1983, at age 18 years, 345 days) 2089:Firestone Tournament of Champions 2069:Notable professional achievements 1702: 1586:), the company becoming known as 1570:As an indication of the decline, 420:(Horizontal scale is compressed.) 302:(Horizontal scale is compressed.) 8151:International Bowling Federation 8011: 7889:Mavis, Paul (October 13, 2009). 7808: 7741:Bowling game featured on Nubeluz 7732: 7710: 7624:Vint, Bill (February 16, 2017). 7166: 7118: 7096: 7013: 6994: 6976: 6953: 6931: 6893:Vint, Bill (February 23, 2020). 6842: 6826:Hughes, Nolan (March 19, 2023). 6819: 6797: 6727: 6709: 6692: 6676:Small, Glenn (August 15, 1993). 6550:Fox, Justin (October 26, 2019). 5690:Carrubba, Rich (March 5, 2013). 5217:. U.S. Department of Education. 4520:) Ad for hotel four blocks from 3869:Vernoy, Lee (December 3, 2017). 3774:Thompson, Ted (March 20, 2010). 3224:Carrubba, Rich (April 5, 2013). 2791: 2173:(1996) and Jason Belmonte (2020) 2137:Most PWBA Tour titles (career): 2024: 2012: 1994: 1982: 1921:In the decade of the 2000s, the 1832:Professional Bowlers Association 1740: 1697:World Tenpin Bowling Association 1679: 1408:Professional Bowlers Association 1301: 1289: 1271: 1207: 1191: 1172: 1160: 1151: 1119:Variant of World Bowling scoring 976: 950: 791: 772: 737: 717: 660: 631: 616: 601: 322: 310: 64:International Bowling Federation 45: 7792:Easton, Anne (March 30, 2022). 7601:Clark, Tom (October 30, 2001). 7001:Vint, Bill (January 22, 2011). 6717:"Hall of Fame / 35 / Mark Roth" 5639:Young, Leslie (April 1, 2015). 5246:Ahrens, Frank (June 21, 1997). 4987: 4664:"Bowling Pin Setting Apparatus" 4624:. November 7, 1905. p. 12. 4546: 4527: 4485:"Valuable Real Estate for Sale" 4063:. World Bowling. October 2014. 3310:, Chapter 11 ("I was robbed!"). 3226:"Is Bowling A Sport Or A Game?" 2986: 2976:List of world bowling champions 2398:precision lane oiling machines. 2130:Most PBA Tour titles (career): 1693:International Olympic Committee 1492: 1345:American Bowling Congress (ABC) 1058:a bonus of pinfall in the next 994:Frame two: 4 + 2 = 6 → Total = 968:Frame two: 3 + 6 = 9 → Total = 409:Bowling ball § Ball motion 7859:Fuchs, Cynthia (May 3, 2010). 7720:. Canberra Times. May 25, 2020 7579:A League of Ordinary Gentlemen 7300:"Get Off Of The Bowling Fence" 7173:Smith, Aaron (April 4, 2022). 6612:Goodger, Jef (March 6, 2017). 5902:. January 12, 1901. p. 9. 5883:. January 12, 1901. p. 9. 5798:"Frequently Asked Questions / 5381:Dorbian, Iris (July 1, 2013). 5333:"What's happening to bowling?" 5045:Buzzle Staff (July 22, 2017). 4012:"Weber to go to World Scoring" 3666:"Understanding Bowling Styles" 3128:Vogel, A. F. (December 1892). 2798:Category:Ten-pin bowling films 2777:A League of Ordinary Gentlemen 2531:paying $ 150,000 to stay on TV 2515:A League of Ordinary Gentlemen 1903:member federations within the 1863:United States Bowling Congress 1800: 1756:United States Bowling Congress 1625:in the U.S. More broadly, the 1042:(not necessarily the next two 808:Video: The two-handed delivery 402: 397:United States Bowling Congress 13: 1: 8232:European Bowling Tour Masters 7552:"Why the Media Hates Bowling" 6499:"Ten-Pin Bowling Regulations" 6125:Major events are in red text. 5616:Walker, Rob (July 22, 2017). 4785:Witsil, Frank (May 9, 2015). 3613:CTDbowling.com (news section) 3151: 2738:is a fan of ten-pin bowling. 2518:called bowling athletes "the 2389:"Score inflation" controversy 2083:on live national television: 1894:European Bowling Tour Masters 1025:pins are awarded as follows: 724:PBA bowler John Furey uses a 7995:Blatt, Ben (June 26, 2014). 7538:Page image viewed 2019-04-08 6913:"Hall of Fame: Earl Anthony" 6805:"Lisa Wagner – USBC profile" 6779:"All-Time PBA Tour Titlists" 5265:Krakowka, Lisa (July 1998). 5130:Expanded from an article in 5108:10.1007/978-1-349-62397-6_12 4607:release date: June 16, 2018. 4489:Daily National Intelligencer 4393:Daily National Intelligencer 4373:Daily National Intelligencer 4356:Daily National Intelligencer 4310:Daily National Intelligencer 4137:. Gale Group. Archived from 4014:. Weber Cup. July 29, 2016. 3493:"Bowling Ball Reaction Keys" 3422:Carrubba, Rich (June 2012). 2751:(1934) was nominated for an 2141:(32 titles, reached in 1999) 2134:(47 titles, reached in 2010) 1627:International Bowling Museum 885:diagonally through the pins. 7: 8403: 8282:Mediterranean Challenge Cup 8247:PBA Tournament of Champions 8222:QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup 7829:"Strikes and Spares (1934)" 7550:Clark, Tom (June 2, 2004). 6636:"Sample Adult League Rules" 6614:"Position Round in Bowling" 5746:. June 1, 2015. p. 7. 5413:"High-tech execs spare PBA" 4697:"The Game >> History" 3762:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3641:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3626:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3577:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3565:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3403:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3331:, Chapter 15 ("Lane play"). 3329:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3308:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3296:Freeman & Hatfield 2018 3137:Spalding's Athletic Library 2959: 2723: 2447: 2361:A USBC "300 game" gold ring 2302:Youngest to win a standard 2267: 2054:Customarily, team position 1844:PBA Tournament of Champions 1825:QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup 1466:) in January 1960, and the 1395:ABC bylaws had included a " 728:Finger rotation can induce 149:Demonstration sport in 1988 10: 8623: 6852:. pwba.com. August 6, 2017 6602:Sample schedules provided. 6439:"Bowling / List of Events" 6103:"Fox PBA 2019 TV Schedule" 5335:. White Hutchinson. 2007. 5206:McIntosh, Phyllis (2011). 5134:, January 1995, pp. 65-78. 5098:Putnam, Robert D. (2000). 3745:"One Handed Bowling Swing" 3530:"Your Bowling Ball Motion" 2795: 2456: 2350: 2347:Perfect (300) game history 1971: 1967: 1784: 1776:(Team) USA Bowling (1989). 1143: 1139: 1062:(not necessarily the next 963:Frame one: 10 + (3 + 6) = 669: 406: 363: 272: 73:c. 1810 England (outdoors) 29: 8569: 8411: 8300: 8237:NCAA Bowling Championship 8189: 8133: 8097: 6986:. pba.com. May 16, 2021. 6588:"Bowling League Schedule" 4466:Daily Savannah Republican 3963:"Keep Your Bowling Score" 3177:link to image of painting 3106:"Playing Rules 2021-2022" 2998:(Slide show presentation) 2639:The New Celebrity Bowling 2522:of professional sports". 2325: 2321:at age 18 years, 69 days) 2299:at age 19 years, 39 days) 1446:and New York disc jockey 989:Frame one: (7 + 3) + 4 = 983:Traditional scoring of a 957:Traditional scoring of a 666:Delivery style categories 153: 143: 138: 128: 120: 112: 104: 94: 84: 79: 69: 56: 44: 7831:. Movies & TV Dept. 6658:: CS1 maint: location ( 5673:Times Union (Albany, NY) 5411:CNNfn (March 22, 2000). 4955:Encyclopaedia Britannica 3797:Seymour, Dustin (2011). 3693:"The Game » Styles" 3424:"Bowling Ball Evolution" 3346:"Bowling Lane Oil Facts" 2898: 2889:In the Disney Channel's 2257:PBA Players Championship 2112:Most titles in a single 2058:are computed after each 1852:PBA Players Championship 1327:In 1875, delegates from 900: 810:, widely popularized by 359: 268: 264:Facilities and equipment 108:Ball sport, Target sport 7382:Carrubba, Rich (2012). 5715:"World Bowling / About" 4443:The Boston Morning Post 4129:Woloson, Wendy (2002). 3727:The Wall Street Journal 3344:Carrubba, Rich (2012). 2971:List of ten-pin bowlers 2652:AIDS awareness campaign 2556:Portrayal on television 2246:Walter Ray Williams Jr. 2228:Walter Ray Williams Jr. 2150:Walter Ray Williams Jr. 2132:Walter Ray Williams Jr. 1905:Commonwealth of Nations 1896:(first edition: 2008). 1582:firm that invented the 1520:1998 Commonwealth Games 1516:1991 Pan American Games 1514:since its debut at the 925: 626:Ideal impact for strike 8252:PBA World Championship 7837:. 2011. Archived from 7756:PBS (Independent Lens) 7700:PBS (Independent Lens) 5832:"Home / Coming Events" 5525:"Press Room / Bowlers" 5311:Wikimedia's image page 5160:PBS (Independent Lens) 5078:PBS (Independent Lens) 4979:. 2014. Archived from 4927:. 2007. Archived from 4925:PBS (Independent Lens) 4849:. 2007. Archived from 4847:PBS (Independent Lens) 4703:. 2004. Archived from 4437:Philadelphia Chronicle 4389:"York Sulphur Springs" 4264:See also, footnote re 4079:"Religious / From the 3699:. 2004. Archived from 2919: 2872:In the Coen Brothers' 2812:(1942), cat and mouse 2589:; premiere episode of 2428: 2399: 2362: 2353:Perfect game (bowling) 2178:Earnings and contracts 1848:PBA World Championship 1814: 1751: 1671: 1621: 1550: 1502: 1451: 1377: 1146:Bowling § History 1010: 867: 814:, increases potential 709:Alternative deliveries 422: 380: 288: 242:English-speaking world 240:, is prepended in the 75:c. 1820, United States 8501:Cantabrian bolo palma 8287:World Ranking Masters 8227:European Bowling Tour 7005:. PBA. Archived from 6735:"Women's Pro History" 6376:"Weber Cup / History" 6028:"World Championships" 5273:on September 26, 2004 5178:"1998 - Kuala Lumpur" 4949:Pluckhahn, J. Bruce. 3776:"Two-handed delivery" 2917: 2809:The Bowling Alley-Cat 2796:Further information: 2704:Malcolm in the Middle 2644:Married With Children 2641:(beginning in 1987); 2613:(beginning in 1971); 2418: 2396: 2360: 2193:Ebonite International 2166:(10, reached in 2017) 2159:(15, reached in 2023) 2118:Carolyn Dorin-Ballard 1972:Further information: 1923:World Ranking Masters 1890:European Bowling Tour 1808: 1748: 1731:umbrella organization 1666: 1662:Bowling organizations 1619: 1576:Chapter 11 bankruptcy 1548: 1500: 1442: 1374: 1317:Brunswick Corporation 1078:World Bowling scoring 1007: 865: 820:(shown: Zach Wilkins) 761:(shown: Zach Wilkins) 459:The bowler's delivery 416: 373: 282: 8292:World Tenpin Masters 7861:"Reviews / Pin Gods" 7220:. January 15, 2006. 7108:Akron Beacon Journal 7009:on January 25, 2011. 6878:. October 22, 2003. 6009:BowlingSeriously.com 5566:"History of Bowling" 5490:on January 23, 2013. 5132:Journal of Democracy 4983:on November 8, 2016. 4853:on October 20, 2017. 4641:"History of bowling" 4268:of November 8, 1842. 4186:Logansport Telegraph 4168:Logansport Telegraph 4141:on December 14, 2004 2878:(1998), "the Dude" ( 2575:Championship Bowling 2498:Wide World of Sports 1674:—Rich Carrubba, 2013 1654:2020 Summer Olympics 1646:1988 Summer Olympics 1508:1988 Summer Olympics 1367:1940s to early 1960s 1136:two-player matches. 745:Two-handed delivery: 548:and hook angularity. 8578:QubicaAMF Worldwide 8323:Glossary of bowling 8018:U.S. patent 107,030 7970:movie-locations.com 7944:The Washington Post 7110:. August 11, 2021. 6919:on February 5, 2010 6346:"Weber Cup / About" 6227:on December 3, 2016 5855:"What is the TBPA?" 5802:What is the NAYBC?" 5531:on January 4, 2011. 5252:The Washington Post 5025:Leicestershire Live 4592:"Bowling Catalog E" 4288:The New York Herald 4266:The new York Herald 4252:New York Daily News 4205:The Ipswich Journal 3875:Great Falls Tribune 3670:kingpin-bowling.com 2966:Glossary of bowling 2907:Bowling video games 2728:In J. K. Rowling's 2669:The Drew Carey Show 2628:Laverne and Shirley 2622:Bowling for Dollars 2552:purchased the PBA. 2550:Bowlero Corporation 2520:Rodney Dangerfields 2488:Bowling for Dollars 2463:Beginning in 1962, 2421:Typical house shots 1603:two-handed approach 942:Traditional scoring 759:and resultant hook. 536:) versus "strong" ( 493:Bowling ball design 236:, or less commonly 133:Glossary of bowling 59:governing body 41: 8526:Irish road bowling 8217:Pan American Games 7834:The New York Times 7528:Sports Illustrated 7259:"Bowling Trivia 2" 7218:BowlingDigital.com 7196:"Bowling Trivia 1" 6761:The New York Times 6534:Related BLS graphs 5975:"About / Overview" 5900:The New York Times 5881:The New York Times 5435:has generic name ( 5182:InsideTheGames.biz 4894:on March 28, 2019. 4791:Detroit Free Press 4573:U.S. Patent 92,467 4081:Christian Examiner 4038:InsideTheGames.biz 3991:InsideTheGames.biz 2920: 2748:Strikes and Spares 2672:(annual contest); 2539:CBS Sports Network 2453:Coverage of events 2429: 2400: 2363: 2313:Tour major event: 2309:Youngest to win a 2120:(7 titles in 2001) 2109:(8 titles in 1978) 1950:Pan American Games 1815: 1752: 1650:Pan American Games 1622: 1551: 1510:(Seoul), has been 1503: 1452: 1435:Late 1960s to 1980 1378: 1337:Albert G. Spalding 1011: 868: 593:Pins and pin carry 521:total differential 515:radius of gyration 423: 381: 289: 172:in which a bowler 39: 8584: 8583: 8371: 8370: 8262:U.S. Women's Open 6682:The Baltimore Sun 6570:"Bowling Leagues" 6449:on March 27, 2019 5806:naybc.btba.org.uk 5117:978-1-349-62399-0 4999:wp.talktenpin.net 4931:on March 9, 2007. 4707:on April 15, 2006 4701:TenpinBowling.org 4605:Project Gutenberg 4554:U.S. Patent 9,916 4535:U.S. Patent 8,027 4260:Quoting Dickens' 4164:"Evasions of Law" 3703:on June 14, 2007. 3697:TenPinBowling.org 3030:978-1 73 241000 8 2892:Alley Cats Strike 2857:Farrelly brothers 2755:for Best Novelty 2742:Non-fiction films 2616:All In the Family 2610:Celebrity Bowling 2482:Celebrity Bowling 2416: 2319:U.S. Women's Open 2074:Titles and scores 1879:U.S. Women's Open 1856:PBA Regional Tour 1735:trade association 907:conventional grip 802: 530:physical friction 526:chemical friction 421: 303: 163: 162: 16:(Redirected from 8614: 8511:Finnish skittles 8489:Taistelupetankki 8398: 8391: 8384: 8375: 8374: 8084: 8077: 8070: 8061: 8060: 8055: 8054: 8038: 8025: 8015: 8009: 8008: 7992: 7986: 7985: 7983: 7981: 7964:The Big Lebowski 7958: 7952: 7951: 7931: 7925: 7924: 7913: 7907: 7906: 7886: 7880: 7874: 7856: 7850: 7846:of full list at 7842: 7841:on May 20, 2011. 7825: 7819: 7812: 7806: 7805: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7770: 7764: 7763: 7748: 7742: 7736: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7714: 7708: 7707: 7692: 7686: 7685: 7669: 7663: 7662: 7647: 7638: 7637: 7621: 7615: 7614: 7598: 7589: 7588: 7573: 7564: 7563: 7558:. 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January 2019. 5540: 5534: 5532: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5498: 5492: 5491: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5450: 5441: 5440: 5434: 5430: 5428: 5420: 5408: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5378: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5329: 5318: 5303: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5243: 5226: 5225: 5223: 5212: 5203: 5190: 5189: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5152: 5135: 5129: 5095: 5086: 5085: 5070: 5059: 5058: 5042: 5033: 5032: 5016: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5005: 4991: 4985: 4984: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4946: 4933: 4932: 4917: 4896: 4895: 4884: 4855: 4854: 4839: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4821: 4816:on June 15, 2006 4805: 4799: 4798: 4782: 4753: 4752: 4747:. Priceonomics. 4740: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4693: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4668: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4614: 4608: 4603: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4569: 4563: 4562: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4544: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4525: 4515: 4504: 4498: 4492: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4462:"Sheriff's Sale" 4458: 4452: 4446: 4431: 4425: 4419: 4408: 4402: 4396: 4385: 4379: 4376: 4359: 4348: 4342: 4336: 4325: 4319: 4313: 4302: 4296: 4294: 4275: 4269: 4259: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4229:North Shore News 4220: 4214: 4208: 4197: 4191: 4189: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4160: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4126: 4091: 4090: 4075: 4069: 4068: 4057: 4046: 4045: 4029: 4020: 4019: 4008: 3999: 3998: 3982: 3971: 3970: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3942: 3934: 3928: 3927: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3892: 3883: 3882: 3866: 3855: 3850: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3771: 3765: 3759: 3753: 3752: 3741: 3735: 3734: 3718: 3705: 3704: 3689: 3678: 3677: 3676:on May 21, 2013. 3672:. 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Putnam 1522:(Kuala Lumpur). 1413:Pro Bowlers Tour 1305: 1293: 1275: 1211: 1195: 1176: 1164: 980: 954: 921:Pins and scoring 804: 803: 776: 741: 721: 682:stroker, cranker 635: 620: 605: 419: 326: 314: 304: 301: 223:nine-pin bowling 49: 42: 38: 21: 8622: 8621: 8617: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8612: 8611: 8597:Ten-pin bowling 8587: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8565: 8407: 8402: 8372: 8367: 8296: 8185: 8129: 8093: 8091:Ten-pin bowling 8088: 8058: 8039: 8028: 8016: 8012: 7993: 7989: 7979: 7977: 7960: 7959: 7955: 7932: 7928: 7915: 7914: 7910: 7887: 7883: 7857: 7853: 7827: 7826: 7822: 7813: 7809: 7790: 7786: 7771: 7767: 7750: 7749: 7745: 7737: 7733: 7723: 7721: 7716: 7715: 7711: 7694: 7693: 7689: 7670: 7666: 7649: 7648: 7641: 7630:Bowlers Journal 7622: 7618: 7599: 7592: 7587:on May 6, 2006. 7575: 7574: 7567: 7562:on May 1, 2005. 7556:Bowlers Journal 7548: 7544: 7520: 7511: 7492: 7481: 7472: 7461: 7457: 7456: 7447: 7439: 7428: 7422: 7418: 7399: 7395: 7380: 7369: 7361: 7350: 7344: 7340: 7332: 7321: 7315: 7311: 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1990: 1987: 1976: 1970: 1954:Maccabiah Games 1803: 1787: 1743: 1705: 1682: 1677: 1673: 1664: 1543: 1541:2000 to present 1495: 1437: 1369: 1313: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1283: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1257:Charles Dickens 1219: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1204: 1203: 1196: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1154: 1149: 1142: 1121: 1080: 1002: 1001: 1000: 999: 998: 981: 973: 972: 955: 944: 928: 923: 903: 825: 824: 823: 822: 821: 819: 805: 792: 788: 787: 780:Delivery styles 777: 766: 765: 764: 763: 762: 760: 754: 748: 742: 734: 733: 722: 711: 678: 668: 663: 643: 642: 641: 640: 639: 636: 628: 627: 621: 613: 612: 606: 595: 561:lane transition 552:Lane conditions 411: 405: 368: 362: 334: 333: 332: 331: 330: 327: 319: 318: 315: 306: 305: 300: 298: 277: 271: 266: 166:Ten-pin bowling 80:Characteristics 74: 52: 40:Ten-pin bowling 35: 28: 27:Type of bowling 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8620: 8610: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8582: 8581: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8492: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8464:Bolas criollas 8461: 8456: 8451: 8441: 8436: 8435: 8434: 8429: 8421: 8415: 8413: 8412:Bowling venues 8409: 8408: 8401: 8400: 8393: 8386: 8378: 8369: 8368: 8366: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8304: 8302: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8193: 8191: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8137: 8135: 8131: 8130: 8128: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8101: 8099: 8095: 8094: 8087: 8086: 8079: 8072: 8064: 8057: 8056: 8026: 8010: 7987: 7953: 7926: 7908: 7881: 7851: 7820: 7814:J.K. Rowling, 7807: 7784: 7765: 7743: 7731: 7709: 7687: 7664: 7639: 7616: 7590: 7565: 7542: 7509: 7479: 7445: 7416: 7393: 7367: 7338: 7309: 7291: 7268: 7250: 7227: 7205: 7184: 7165: 7139: 7117: 7095: 7076: 7057: 7031: 7012: 6993: 6975: 6952: 6930: 6904: 6885: 6863: 6841: 6818: 6796: 6770: 6748: 6726: 6708: 6691: 6665: 6627: 6604: 6579: 6561: 6542: 6512: 6490: 6460: 6430: 6397: 6367: 6337: 6301: 6268: 6238: 6187: 6157: 6127: 6094: 6064: 6041: 6019: 5996: 5966: 5940: 5905: 5887: 5868: 5859:gotenpin.co.uk 5846: 5823: 5789: 5756: 5728: 5701: 5682: 5654: 5631: 5605: 5579: 5557: 5535: 5516: 5493: 5475: 5442: 5433:|author1= 5400: 5373: 5342: 5319: 5285: 5257: 5227: 5191: 5169: 5136: 5116: 5087: 5060: 5034: 5011: 4986: 4964: 4934: 4897: 4856: 4827: 4800: 4754: 4718: 4683: 4654: 4632: 4622:Oregon Journal 4609: 4583: 4564: 4545: 4526: 4499: 4476: 4453: 4426: 4403: 4380: 4343: 4320: 4297: 4270: 4238: 4215: 4192: 4173: 4152: 4092: 4070: 4047: 4021: 4000: 3972: 3953: 3929: 3910: 3884: 3856: 3833: 3808: 3789: 3782:. Kegel, LLC. 3766: 3754: 3736: 3706: 3679: 3645: 3630: 3618: 3599: 3581: 3569: 3557: 3539: 3521: 3502: 3484: 3458: 3433: 3407: 3386: 3355: 3333: 3312: 3300: 3277: 3235: 3209: 3181: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3149: 3148: 3124: 3101: 3078: 3055: 3035: 3029: 3014: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2961: 2958: 2950:Monsters, Inc. 2912: 2911: 2900: 2897: 2850:Michael J. Fox 2793: 2790: 2743: 2740: 2725: 2722: 2721: 2720: 2708: 2697:Comedy Central 2679: 2655: 2632: 2602: 2578: 2557: 2554: 2505:was canceled. 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2390: 2387: 2351:Main article: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2336: 2333:John Handegard 2327: 2324: 2323: 2322: 2307: 2300: 2289: 2284:(age 14, 2012 2278: 2269: 2266: 2265: 2264: 2249: 2242: 2237:($ 496,900 in 2231: 2224: 2217: 2210: 2203: 2196: 2179: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2167: 2160: 2157:Jason Belmonte 2153: 2142: 2135: 2128: 2121: 2110: 2103: 2092: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2030: 2023: 2022: 2018: 2011: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2007: 2000: 1993: 1992: 1988: 1981: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1977: 1974:Bowling league 1969: 1966: 1802: 1799: 1786: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1774: 1770: 1763: 1742: 1739: 1704: 1703:United Kingdom 1701: 1681: 1678: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1607:Jason Belmonte 1542: 1539: 1494: 1491: 1436: 1433: 1368: 1365: 1307: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1277: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1213: 1206: 1205: 1197: 1190: 1189: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1178: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1141: 1138: 1120: 1117: 1106: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1093: 1079: 1076: 1068: 1067: 1047: 982: 975: 974: 956: 949: 948: 947: 946: 945: 943: 940: 927: 924: 922: 919: 915:thumbless grip 911:fingertip grip 902: 899: 898: 897: 886: 883:domino effects 860: 859: 848: 836:Jason Belmonte 812:Jason Belmonte 806: 790: 789: 784:Clara Guerrero 778: 771: 770: 769: 768: 767: 743: 736: 735: 723: 716: 715: 714: 713: 712: 710: 707: 706: 705: 702:power strokers 698: 694: 667: 664: 662: 659: 637: 630: 629: 622: 615: 614: 607: 600: 599: 598: 597: 596: 594: 591: 590: 589: 549: 502:reactive resin 490: 449:angle of entry 404: 401: 361: 358: 328: 321: 320: 316: 309: 308: 307: 297: 296: 295: 294: 285:foreshortening 270: 267: 265: 262: 161: 160: 157: 151: 150: 147: 141: 140: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 106: 102: 101: 98: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 77: 76: 71: 67: 66: 61: 54: 53: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8619: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8579: 8576: 8572: 8570:Manufacturers 8568: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8551:Spanish Bowls 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8474:Jeu provençal 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8424: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8416: 8414: 8410: 8406: 8399: 8394: 8392: 8387: 8385: 8380: 8379: 8376: 8364: 8363:Trick bowling 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8299: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8194: 8192: 8188: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8138: 8136: 8134:Organizations 8132: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8102: 8100: 8096: 8092: 8085: 8080: 8078: 8073: 8071: 8066: 8065: 8062: 8052: 8048: 8044: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8031: 8023: 8022:Archive (PDF) 8019: 8014: 8006: 8002: 7998: 7991: 7975: 7971: 7967: 7965: 7957: 7949: 7945: 7941: 7939: 7930: 7922: 7918: 7912: 7904: 7900: 7896: 7894: 7885: 7878: 7872: 7868: 7867: 7862: 7855: 7849: 7845: 7840: 7836: 7835: 7830: 7824: 7817: 7811: 7803: 7799: 7795: 7788: 7780: 7776: 7769: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7747: 7740: 7735: 7719: 7713: 7705: 7701: 7697: 7691: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7668: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7646: 7644: 7635: 7631: 7627: 7620: 7612: 7608: 7604: 7597: 7595: 7586: 7582: 7580: 7572: 7570: 7561: 7557: 7553: 7546: 7539: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7505: 7501: 7497: 7490: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7471: 7467: 7460: 7454: 7452: 7450: 7438: 7434: 7427: 7420: 7412: 7408: 7404: 7397: 7389: 7385: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7360: 7356: 7349: 7342: 7331: 7327: 7320: 7313: 7305: 7301: 7295: 7287: 7283: 7279: 7272: 7264: 7260: 7254: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7231: 7223: 7219: 7215: 7209: 7201: 7197: 7191: 7189: 7180: 7176: 7169: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7121: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7099: 7091: 7087: 7080: 7072: 7068: 7061: 7045: 7041: 7035: 7027: 7023: 7016: 7008: 7004: 6997: 6989: 6985: 6979: 6963: 6956: 6940: 6939:"Lisa Wagner" 6934: 6918: 6914: 6908: 6900: 6896: 6889: 6881: 6877: 6873: 6867: 6851: 6845: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6822: 6806: 6800: 6784: 6780: 6774: 6766: 6762: 6758: 6752: 6736: 6730: 6722: 6718: 6712: 6706: 6702: 6695: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6672: 6670: 6661: 6655: 6644: 6637: 6631: 6623: 6619: 6618:ThoughtCo.com 6615: 6608: 6596: 6589: 6583: 6575: 6571: 6565: 6557: 6554:. Bloomberg. 6553: 6546: 6539: 6536:presented by 6535: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6516: 6508: 6504: 6503:maccabiah.com 6500: 6494: 6478: 6474: 6470: 6464: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6434: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6401: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6371: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6341: 6322: 6318: 6311: 6305: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6272: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6208: 6204: 6197: 6196:"Tournaments" 6191: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6161: 6145: 6141: 6137: 6131: 6111: 6104: 6098: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6045: 6037: 6033: 6029: 6023: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6000: 5984: 5980: 5976: 5970: 5954: 5950: 5944: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5901: 5897: 5891: 5882: 5878: 5872: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5850: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5827: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5801: 5793: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5763: 5761: 5749: 5745: 5738: 5732: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5697: 5693: 5686: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5663: 5661: 5659: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5635: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5612: 5610: 5601: 5597: 5593: 5586: 5584: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5539: 5530: 5526: 5520: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5497: 5489: 5485: 5479: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5449: 5447: 5438: 5426: 5418: 5414: 5407: 5405: 5388: 5385:. pehub.com. 5384: 5377: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5346: 5338: 5334: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5272: 5268: 5261: 5253: 5249: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5220: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5173: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5133: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5094: 5092: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5041: 5039: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5015: 5000: 4996: 4990: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4968: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4945: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4916: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4893: 4889: 4888:"PBA History" 4883: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4861: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4815: 4811: 4804: 4796: 4792: 4788: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4759: 4750: 4746: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4676: 4672: 4665: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4636: 4629: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4606: 4601: 4597: 4596:Gutenberg.org 4593: 4587: 4574: 4568: 4555: 4549: 4536: 4530: 4523: 4519: 4513: 4509: 4503: 4496: 4490: 4486: 4480: 4473: 4467: 4463: 4457: 4450: 4444: 4440: 4438: 4430: 4423: 4417: 4413: 4407: 4400: 4394: 4390: 4384: 4374: 4370: 4363: 4357: 4353: 4347: 4340: 4334: 4330: 4324: 4317: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4293: 4290:. p. 1. 4289: 4285: 4283: 4274: 4267: 4263: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4219: 4212: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4169: 4165: 4159: 4157: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4088: 4084: 4082: 4074: 4066: 4062: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4028: 4026: 4017: 4013: 4007: 4005: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3968: 3964: 3957: 3946: 3939: 3933: 3925: 3921: 3914: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3891: 3889: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3854: 3851:Excerpt from 3848: 3844: 3837: 3822: 3818: 3812: 3804: 3800: 3793: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3770: 3763: 3758: 3750: 3746: 3740: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3711: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3660: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3642: 3637: 3635: 3627: 3622: 3614: 3610: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3578: 3573: 3566: 3561: 3553: 3549: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3488: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3465: 3463: 3455: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3429: 3425: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3404: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3383: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3351: 3347: 3340: 3338: 3330: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3309: 3304: 3297: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3282: 3270: 3266: 3259: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3231: 3227: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3200: 3196: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3163: 3161: 3156: 3142: 3138: 3131: 3125: 3118: 3114: 3107: 3102: 3095: 3091: 3084: 3079: 3072: 3068: 3061: 3056: 3048: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3023:. BowlSmart. 3022: 3021: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2991: 2990: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2963: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2924:RCA Studio II 2916: 2910: 2908: 2903: 2902: 2896: 2894: 2893: 2887: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2876: 2870: 2868: 2864: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2840: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2811: 2810: 2805: 2799: 2792:Fiction films 2789: 2788:as Director. 2787: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2772: 2766: 2764: 2760: 2758: 2754: 2753:Academy Award 2750: 2749: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2732: 2718: 2717: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2700: 2698: 2693: 2689: 2688: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2665: 2664: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2612: 2611: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2595:(1960-1966); 2594: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2571: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2561: 2553: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2521: 2517: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2490: 2489: 2484: 2483: 2478: 2477: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2460: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2426: 2422: 2404: 2395: 2386: 2384: 2383:Glenn Allison 2380: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2354: 2341: 2337: 2334: 2330: 2329: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2243: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2229: 2225: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2211: 2208: 2204: 2201: 2197: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2181: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2161: 2158: 2154: 2151: 2148:competition: 2147: 2143: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2108: 2104: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2077: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2027: 2015: 1997: 1985: 1975: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1938:Olympic Games 1934: 1932: 1928: 1927:World Bowling 1924: 1919: 1917: 1913: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1901:World Bowling 1897: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1859: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1826: 1821: 1819: 1818:World Bowling 1812: 1807: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1782: 1775: 1771: 1769:(WIBC, 1916), 1768: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1759: 1757: 1747: 1741:United States 1738: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1717: 1714: 1713:World Bowling 1710: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1685:World Bowling 1680:International 1676: 1670: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1628: 1618: 1614: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1564:Bowling Alone 1560: 1556: 1547: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1512:a medal sport 1509: 1499: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1464:Stamford Hill 1460: 1458: 1457:World Bowling 1449: 1445: 1441: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1417: 1415: 1414: 1409: 1405: 1402:Sports agent 1400: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1383: 1373: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1329:New York City 1325: 1323: 1318: 1315:In 1884, the 1304: 1292: 1274: 1265: 1261: 1258: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1237:1810 painting 1236: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1210: 1201: 1194: 1175: 1163: 1152:Early history 1147: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1125:World Bowling 1116: 1114: 1113:Olympic sport 1109: 1101: 1098: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1085: 1084:World Bowling 1075: 1073: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1032: 1028: 1027: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1006: 997: 993: 992: 986: 979: 971: 967: 966: 960: 953: 939: 937: 933: 918: 916: 912: 908: 895: 891: 887: 884: 879: 874: 870: 869: 864: 857: 856:Tom Daugherty 852: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 832: 827: 826: 817: 813: 809: 785: 781: 775: 758: 752: 746: 740: 731: 730:axis rotation 727: 720: 703: 699: 695: 691: 690: 689: 687: 683: 677: 673: 661:Ball delivery 658: 655: 650: 648: 634: 625: 619: 610: 604: 587: 586: 581: 580: 575: 574: 569: 568: 563: 562: 557: 553: 550: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 522: 517: 516: 511: 507: 504: 503: 498: 494: 491: 488: 487: 482: 481: 476: 475: 474:axis rotation 470: 469: 464: 460: 457: 456: 455: 452: 450: 446: 442: 438: 433: 431: 430: 415: 410: 400: 398: 393: 389: 387: 386:weight blocks 378: 372: 367: 357: 355: 351: 347: 342: 340: 325: 313: 293: 286: 281: 276: 261: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 226: 224: 219: 215: 213: 212: 207: 203: 199: 195: 190: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 168:is a type of 167: 158: 156: 152: 148: 146: 142: 137: 134: 131: 127: 124:Bowling lanes 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 97: 93: 90: 87: 83: 78: 72: 68: 65: 62: 60: 55: 48: 43: 37: 33: 19: 8555: 8419:Basque bowls 8343:Perfect game 8267:USBC Masters 8090: 8013: 8000: 7990: 7978:. 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