1184:
124:
2290:
145:
103:
47:
72:
735:
although milk tea is now served in many Tangsa houses. Traditional meals consist of a wide variety of recipes. But, staple foods are boiled or steamed rice, vegetables boiled with herbs and spices (stew) and boiled or roasted fish or meat. Snacks include boiled or roasted arum or topiaca. Traditional drinks include smoked tea (
717:
that covers the hip and pelvis region. However, nowadays they wear a broad cylindrical piece of cloth called lungi that is green in colour and is lined with yellow, red and white yarns, and accompanied with a sleeveless shirt. On the other hand, the costume of the womenfolk traditionally used to be a
1153:
for drinking water. Moklum and Hakhun are not mutually intelligible but do share hierarchical agreement marking (marking of object as well as subject), though realised in systematically different ways. Hakhun is very similar to Nocte, which is listed by the ISO as a different language (ISO639-3:njb)
1252:
writing system was invented for Tangsa in 1990 by Lakhum
Mossang (d. 11 July 2020). It has seen limited use among members of the Mossang community and received support from the government of Arunachal Pradesh. This script was added to the Unicode standard with the release of version 14.0 in 2021.
1125:
There seem to be three subgroups in India. The lexemes (words) for ‘drinking water’, other types of ‘water’ and ‘alcohol’ can be used as a diagnostic for three putative groups. The group shown in the middle of the table, the Tikhak subgroup (Tikhak and
Yongkuk), is reasonably well established. They
834:
are mostly
Christian. Most of the Longchang and Langkai are Rangfrahites, while the Tikhaks are evenly divided into Christians and Buddhists. Taisen is majority Buddhist. The Moglum Tangsa are evenly divided between Rangfrah, Animists and Christians. The Namsang Tangsa are two-thirds Animist, with
829:
Out of a total of 20,962 Tangsa (proper) living in
Arunachal Pradesh, 6,228 are Animist (29.71%) and 5,030 are Hindu (24.00%). Most of the remaining are Christian (44%), with a Buddhist minority of close to 3%. There are another 8,576 Tangsa residing in Arunachal, belonging to fringe Tangsa groups
825:
Most of the
Tangsas, including most of the Pangwa Tangsas, and nearly all of the Tangshang in Myanmar, have accepted Christianity. Probably the most widespread Christian denomination in both Myanmar and India is Baptist. Tangsa Baptist Churches' Association with its headquarters at Nongtham under
306:
There are many sub-groups of Tangsa, all of which speak distinctive linguistic varieties. Some of these varieties are very similar, and some are very different from each other. Each of these ethnic subgroups is known by a number of different names. There is the name the group gives to itself, for
269:
The
Tangshang in Myanmar as well as the Tangsa in India regard themselves as a arunachali. They are well-built and of medium-stature. Today Tangsa people live in the Patkai mountains, on the border of India and Burma, and some live in the plains areas on the Indian side of the border. Many Tangsa
734:
in
Assamese). Nowadays those Tangsa in the plains area of India practice wet rice cultivation. In the traditional agriculture, using simple manual tools, the Tangsa raise crops that include paddy, millet, maize and arum, and vegetables. Tangsa people make scanty use of milk and milk products,
853:
Tangsa is not a single language, but a network of varieties some of which are mutually intelligible and some of which are not. For example, within the Pangwa group, Longri and Cholim (Tonglum) speakers understand each other easily, but speakers of these two groups may have more difficulty
849:
At present the ISO code for these speech varieties is ISO639-3:nst. The closest linguistic relatives to Tangsa are Tutsa and Nocte, and all of these, together with several other languages, make up the Konyak subgroup within a larger group sometimes called Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw.
718:
piece of cloth wrapped around the chest and a similar piece of cloth wrapped around the waist extending just below the knees. Nowadays, with the availability of yarn, their costume include an artistically woven petticoat, which acts as the lower garment, and a linen blouse.
270:
tell of migrations from , through the South-West China
Province of Yunnan into Burma. Tangsa traditions suggest that they settled in the existing region from the beginning of the 13th century. It is believed that in their native place in China and Burma they were known as
1133:
To the left is a rather more linguistically diverse set of varieties termed Pangwa, consisting mostly of groups that have arrived in India more recently and usually have related villages in
Myanmar; although some like Joglei and Rera are now found only in India. They use
826:
Kharsang sub-division is the largest
Baptist Association working among the Tangsas with more than 100 churches affiliated to it, but there are also large numbers of Presbyterians in India, and perhaps smaller numbers of Catholics, Church of Christ and Congregationalists.
1296:
313:
These are listed with the name used by the group itself first, followed by alternative spellings in brackets. M indicates the group is found only in Myanmar, I only in India and B in both India and Myanmar. This list is not complete:
815:('cows'), is practised. At funerals a similar ceremony is undertaken and a feast between villagers is held by the bereaved family. After dusk, man and women start dancing together rhythmically with the accompanying drums and gongs.
1476:
1298:
So near and yet so far: dialect variation and contact among the Tangshang Naga in Myanmar. Presentation given at NWAV Asia-Pacific I conference, Delhi, India, 23–26 February 2011
1261:
An on-line archive of Tangsa texts is available at the DoBeS website and Tangsa texts can be read and searched at the Tai and Tibeto-Burman Languages of Assam website.
468:
785:
festival held in some parts of Assam on 5 January each year. This involves sacrifice of chickens, pigs or buffaloes and prayers and songs to the female earth spirit,
2179:
709:
Traditionally, Tangsa men and women keep their hair long, often tying it into a bun and covering it with a piece of cloth, known in some Tangsa varieties as the
1893:
324:
1966:
781:
Nowadays Tangsa follow a variety of religions. Traditionally their beliefs were animistic. One example of the animistic beliefs still practised is the
546:
1328:
761:
Traditionally, the Tangsa believed in a joint family system, and property is equally divided between all family members. A tribal council, known as
1359:
1593:
Vivekananda Kendra Institute of Culture. 2005. Traditional Systems of the Tangsa and the Tutsa. Guwahati: Vivekananda Kendra Institute of Culture.
2021:
694:
Notes: Gakat people also live in India, in the Wakka village circle of Tirap district, but are grouped with the Wancho rather than with Tangsa.
1956:
318:
1126:
are people who came from Myanmar to India some hundreds of years ago and there are no Tikhak or Yongkuk speakers in Indi these days. They use
706:
border resulted in cultural influence from neighbouring groups across the border and the adoption of Burmese dress among many tribal members.
645:
429:
2172:
2081:
681:
3444:
633:
594:
570:
564:
453:
396:
330:
348:
3424:
1886:
799:, although belief in other deities and spirits is maintained as well. Many followers of Rangfrah celebrate an annual festival called
687:
669:
651:
627:
615:
528:
510:
498:
414:
402:
378:
366:
307:
example Chamchang, and then a 'general name', used in communication with non-Tangsas. The general name for the Chamchang is Kimsing.
663:
639:
621:
600:
582:
552:
480:
474:
459:
435:
408:
384:
372:
360:
336:
2165:
576:
558:
522:
447:
441:
423:
390:
342:
1640:
830:
such as Mossang, Tikhak and Longchang. The Mossang, Rongrang, Morang, Yougli, Sanke, Longphi, Haisa, and Chamchang (Kimsing)
3414:
1879:
310:
About 70 different ethnic groups have been identified. Within India, the most recently arrived Tangsa are known as Pangwa.
818:
Some Tangsas, particularly the Tikhak and Yongkuk in India and many Donghi in Myanmar, have come under the influence of
3449:
1450:
257:
Tangsa is the largest ethnic group having an approximate population of 450,000. They are a scheduled group under the
3439:
3395:
1425:
56:
1478:
The Tibeto-Burman Languages of Northeastern India. In G. Thurgood and R. LaPolla (eds.) The Sino-Tibetan Languages
2188:
746:
Owing to the climate and terrain, the Tangsa live in stilt houses, which are divided into many rooms. Like the
1590:
Simai, Chimoy. 2008. A profile of the Tikhak Tangsa tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. New Delhi: Author’s Press.
1902:
1584:
Morang, H.K. 2008. Tangsas – The children of Masui Singrapum. Guwahati: G.C. Nath on behalf of AANK-BAAK
1367:
1390:
1183:
1633:
250:. In Myanmar they were formerly known as Rangpang, Pangmi, and Haimi. They speak their own language
3429:
1281:
Tangsa agreement markers. In G. Hyslop, S. Morey and M. Post (eds) North East Indian Linguistics II
807:(around April/May), which asks for a bumper crop. Animal sacrifice, in particular the sacrifice of
1581:
Das Gupta, K. 1980. The Tangsa Language (a Synopsis). Shillong: North East Indian Frontier Agency.
3434:
1363:
290:) is used by many Tangsa to refer to the whole group of Tangsa. The term Tangsa is derived from
1163:
17:
1316:. PhD thesis submitted to the Centre for Advanced Study in Linguistics, Annamalai University.
258:
3419:
2695:
1626:
1613:
1587:
Rao, Narayan Singh. 2006. Tribal Culture, Faith, History and Literature. New Delhi: Mittal.
727:
1314:
A Sociolinguistic Study of Linguistic Varieties in Changlang District of Arunachal Pradesh
750:, the Tangsa traditionally had separate dormitories for men, known in Longchang Tangsa as
8:
3238:
2352:
2319:
1976:
1715:
1649:
2710:
2572:
1750:
1603:
1528:
819:
822:, and have converted. There are Buddhist temples in many Tikhak and Yongkuk villages.
2942:
2538:
2492:
2450:
2390:
2237:
2086:
2056:
1431:
1421:
231:
90:
1608:
1521:
1240:
857:
The following table shows some of the linguistic differences between Tangsa groups:
3086:
2959:
2560:
2412:
2254:
2026:
1986:
1482:
792:
This group believe in a supreme being that created all existence, locally known as
3006:
1360:"A trip to hidden paradise - Arunachal festival promises a journey to the unknown"
3343:
3258:
3208:
3138:
2770:
2705:
2632:
2556:
2157:
2121:
2001:
1820:
1735:
1685:
1501:
1396:
1343:
844:
251:
165:
2289:
1237:
713:. Tangsa men traditionally used to wear a long and narrow piece of cloth called
3378:
3358:
3328:
3288:
3253:
3168:
3044:
3014:
2886:
2780:
2755:
2730:
2700:
2690:
2685:
2612:
2468:
2293:
2091:
1951:
1855:
1835:
1805:
1765:
1730:
239:
227:
129:
3188:
2655:
1871:
1665:
3408:
3318:
3283:
3233:
3223:
3157:
3100:
3061:
3024:
3010:
2924:
2914:
2909:
2881:
2851:
2821:
2775:
2720:
2670:
2665:
2627:
2617:
2587:
2552:
2543:
2506:
2488:
2473:
2372:
2362:
2357:
2219:
2209:
2204:
2146:
2096:
2066:
2061:
2051:
1996:
1991:
1921:
1795:
1760:
1710:
1700:
1486:
1231:
210:
1435:
3353:
3333:
3308:
3298:
3293:
3278:
3248:
3228:
3218:
3152:
3066:
3018:
2969:
2934:
2866:
2841:
2765:
2760:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2715:
2680:
2660:
2650:
2607:
2597:
2582:
2576:
2520:
2510:
2502:
2498:
2463:
2422:
2382:
2329:
2264:
2229:
2141:
2071:
2046:
2036:
2031:
1971:
1946:
1830:
1810:
1785:
1775:
1770:
1755:
1725:
1705:
1695:
1400:
831:
243:
206:
177:
150:
3338:
1815:
3383:
3373:
3363:
3323:
3268:
3243:
3193:
3178:
3034:
2984:
2974:
2964:
2954:
2948:
2938:
2929:
2919:
2856:
2846:
2831:
2826:
2808:
2785:
2725:
2675:
2602:
2592:
2548:
2532:
2516:
2440:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2386:
2377:
2367:
2334:
2324:
2314:
2279:
2269:
2259:
2249:
2243:
2233:
2224:
2214:
2116:
2041:
2016:
2011:
1961:
1860:
1850:
1840:
1800:
1745:
1720:
1670:
1653:
1415:
675:
486:
261:
and there are many sub-groups within Tangsa on both sides of the border.
202:
52:
1332:. 26th Himalayan Languages Symposium, 4-6 September 2023. Paris: INALCO.
3368:
3273:
3263:
3213:
3203:
2979:
2861:
2790:
2568:
2528:
2478:
2458:
2432:
2274:
2111:
2076:
1981:
1941:
1916:
1845:
1740:
1690:
1680:
1618:
3313:
3303:
2622:
2344:
1790:
1780:
1197:
504:
2306:
1329:
A first description of Kaisan, a North Patkaian language of Myanmar
1279:
1249:
795:
189:
185:
3198:
2836:
2800:
2642:
2196:
1675:
1609:
Arunachal's Changlang district opposes Changlang's disintegration
1213:
703:
588:
247:
181:
108:
46:
1550:
3002:
2994:
2871:
2813:
657:
540:
516:
2901:
2891:
2876:
2483:
2101:
2006:
747:
235:
77:
773:(chief), who sees to the daily affairs of the Tangsa group.
140:
119:
88:
1413:
492:
1452:
Administrative Development of Arunachal Pradesh, 1875-1975
1522:"Proposal to add the Tangsa Script in the SMP of the UCS"
1294:
432:(Lulum as a village name, live close to Taka village) M
1145:
To the right are several diverse varieties, which use
1284:. Cambridge University Press India. pp. 76–103.
1520:Morey, Stephen; Pandey, Anshuman (7 January 2021).
2187:
854:understanding and speaking Lochhang (Langching).
3406:
1901:
1474:
2173:
1887:
1634:
1448:
1341:
1311:
1277:
298:('son') and means 'people of the high land'.
1388:
1345:Arunachal Pradesh, Rich Land and Poor People
1519:
1506:: Their Festivals, Customs, and Way of Life
2180:
2166:
1894:
1880:
1641:
1627:
1499:
1182:
45:
1417:Tribal Customary Laws of North-east India
2288:
1130:for 'drinking water' and 'river water'.
1648:
1614:Eine Reise durch das südliche Arunachal
1551:"Documentation of Endangered Languages"
14:
3407:
3005:(including Chumbipa, Dopthapa, Dukpa,
726:Traditionally Tangsa people practiced
2161:
1875:
1622:
1414:Shibani Roy, S. H. M. Rizvi (1990).
64:Regions with significant populations
1256:
24:
3445:Scheduled Tribes of Andhra Pradesh
1395:. Western Book Depot. p. 68.
1295:Nathan Statezni and Ahkhi (2011).
702:The Tangsa's habitation along the
25:
3461:
3396:List of Scheduled Tribes in India
1597:
1465:Table ST-14, Census of India 2001
1366:. 18 January 2007. Archived from
1348:. Western Book Depot. p. 94.
1157:
603:(Rangti, Ran-kyi, Rangsi, Rasi) M
57:Jawaharlal Nehru Museum, Itanagar
3425:Ethnic groups in Northeast India
143:
122:
101:
70:
1575:
1543:
1513:
1493:
1481:. Routledge. pp. 169–191.
1468:
1459:
835:the remaining one-third Hindu.
769:(Muklom) was administered by a
2189:Hill tribes of Northeast India
2134:(Not recognised by government)
1442:
1420:. B.R. Pub. Corp. p. 34.
1407:
1382:
1352:
1335:
1326:van Dam, Kellen Parker. 2023.
1320:
1305:
1288:
1271:
327:(Chamchang, Kimsing, Sankey) B
13:
1:
1264:
264:
721:
456:(Shangcheing, Shangchaing) M
301:
7:
3415:Tribes of Arunachal Pradesh
1903:Tribes of Arunachal Pradesh
1509:. Orchid Press. p. 28.
838:
776:
624:(Siknyo, Sheiknyo, Sikpo) M
10:
3466:
2286:
1934:(Recognised by government)
1392:New Horizons of North East
1161:
842:
697:
3450:Scheduled Tribes of Assam
3392:
3177:
3033:
2993:
2900:
2799:
2641:
2449:
2343:
2305:
2195:
2130:
1930:
1909:
1661:
1229:
1219:
1212:
1196:
1191:
1176:
1170:
469:Khalak or Khilak (Tangsa)
201:
196:
176:
171:
164:
159:
138:
117:
99:
86:
68:
63:
44:
37:
3440:Ethnic groups in Myanmar
1487:10.4324/9780203221051-20
1475:Robbins Burling (2003).
739:) and rice beer (called
333:(Champhang, Thamphang) B
3097:Khawathlang, Khothalong
1138:for drinking water but
278:respectively. The term
2299:
1449:Bijan Mohanta (1984).
1342:Satya Dev Jha (1986).
1312:Mathew Thomas (2009).
1278:Stephen Morey (2011).
1164:Tangsa (Unicode block)
501:(Lanching, Lanchien) B
438:(Awlay, Awlaw, Laju) M
238:. They also reside in
2939:Khasi Synteng or Pnar
2387:Khasi Synteng or Pnar
2292:
1389:J. D. Baveja (1982).
1238:U+16A70–U+16ACF
1208:, Tangsa
636:(Shawvel, Shangwal) B
513:(Lungkhi, Lungkhai) B
197:Related ethnic groups
3087:Hrangkhwal, Rangkhol
2965:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
2726:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
2418:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
2260:Mizo (Lushai) tribes
1455:. Uppal. p. 16.
728:shifting cultivation
230:ethnic group of the
55:of Tangsa people in
2057:Miju Mishmi (Kaman)
1500:Jamie Saul (2005).
1180:Left-to-right
893:Chamchang(Kimsing)
794:Rangkhothak/Rangwa/
555:(Mawrang, Morang) B
339:(Cholim, Tonglum) B
259:Indian Constitution
34:
2960:Man (Tai speaking)
2413:Man (Tai speaking)
2300:
2255:Man (Tai speaking)
1604:Ethnologue profile
1529:Unicode Consortium
820:Theravada Buddhism
754:for the males and
462:(Yogli, Yawklai) I
426:(Hatphaung, Apo) M
375:(Galun, Lonyung) B
294:('high land') and
32:
3402:
3401:
2935:Khasi and Jaintia
2451:Arunachal Pradesh
2383:Khasi and Jaintia
2230:Khasi and Jaintia
2155:
2154:
2135:
1935:
1869:
1868:
1504:The Naga of Burma
1246:
1245:
1142:for river water.
1123:
1122:
345:(Chuyo, Wangku) M
282:(also pronounced
232:Arunachal Pradesh
216:
215:
91:Arunachal Pradesh
16:(Redirected from
3457:
2915:Dimasa (Kachari)
2686:Koirao (Thangal)
2544:Singpho (Jingpo)
2363:Dimasa (Kachari)
2210:Dimasa (Kachari)
2182:
2175:
2168:
2159:
2158:
2133:
1933:
1931:Scheduled tribes
1896:
1889:
1882:
1873:
1872:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1531:. L2/L2021/21027
1526:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1339:
1333:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1275:
1257:Online archiving
1207:
1204:
1187:
1186:
1168:
1167:
1149:for alcohol and
860:
859:
758:for the female.
711:Khu-pak/Khu-phop
612:Rera (Ronrang) I
547:Mossang (Tangsa)
534:Meitei (Mitay) B
489:(Makhawngnyon) M
325:Cyamcyang-Shecyü
220:Tangshang people
149:
147:
146:
141:
128:
126:
125:
120:
107:
105:
104:
89:
76:
74:
73:
49:
35:
31:
21:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3430:Tribes of Assam
3405:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3388:
3181:
3173:
3037:
3029:
2989:
2941:, War, Bhoi or
2896:
2795:
2637:
2445:
2389:, War, Bhoi or
2339:
2301:
2295:
2284:
2236:, War, Bhoi or
2234:Synteng or Pnar
2191:
2186:
2156:
2151:
2132:
2126:
1932:
1926:
1905:
1900:
1870:
1865:
1657:
1647:
1600:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1498:
1494:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1447:
1443:
1428:
1412:
1408:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1340:
1336:
1325:
1321:
1310:
1306:
1293:
1289:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1259:
1234:
1222:
1205:
1202:
1181:
1172:
1166:
1160:
847:
845:Tangsa language
841:
779:
741:ju, kham or che
724:
700:
357:Gaqya (Gahja) I
304:
267:
166:Tangsa language
144:
142:
139:
123:
121:
118:
102:
100:
87:
71:
69:
59:
40:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3463:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3435:Burmese people
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3400:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
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3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
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3296:
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3251:
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3141:
3136:
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3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:Haokip, Haupit
3072:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
2999:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2985:Synteng (Pnar)
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
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2927:
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2917:
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2663:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2618:Mishing (Miri)
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2565:
2564:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2514:
2496:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2474:Dafla (Nyishi)
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2441:Synteng (Pnar)
2438:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2394:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2349:
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2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2280:Synteng (Pnar)
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2162:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1858:
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1623:
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1599:
1598:External links
1596:
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1568:
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1542:
1512:
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1370:on 26 May 2011
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1158:Writing system
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898:drinking water
895:
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685:
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673:
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637:
631:
625:
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613:
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609:Rasa (Rasit) M
607:
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300:
266:
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240:Sagaing Region
228:Tibeto-Burmese
214:
213:
199:
198:
194:
193:
174:
173:
169:
168:
162:
161:
157:
156:
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136:
135:
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130:Sagaing Region
115:
114:
111:
97:
96:
93:
84:
83:
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66:
65:
61:
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50:
42:
41:
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28:
9:
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2:
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3335:
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3327:
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3310:
3307:
3305:
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3300:
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3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
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3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
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3227:
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3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
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3200:
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3148:
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3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3102:
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3088:
3085:
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3079:
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3073:
3070:
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3065:
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3051:
3048:
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3042:
3040:
3036:
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3026:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:Mikir (Karbi)
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2955:Lakher (Mara)
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:Lushai (Mizo)
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
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2766:Suhte (Paite)
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
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2737:
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2634:
2631:
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2608:Mikir (Karbi)
2606:
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2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
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2578:
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2518:
2515:
2512:
2508:
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2500:
2497:
2494:
2490:
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2484:Khowa (Bugun)
2482:
2480:
2477:
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2472:
2470:
2467:
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2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:Mikir (Karbi)
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:Lakher (Mara)
2406:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
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2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
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2333:
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2330:Mikir (Karbi)
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2297:
2291:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:Mikir (Karbi)
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
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2200:
2198:
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2178:
2176:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:Mikir (Karbi)
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2007:Bugun (Khowa)
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:Digaro Mishmi
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1929:
1923:
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1918:
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1897:
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1556:
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1530:
1523:
1516:
1508:
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1496:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1445:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1427:81-7018-586-6
1423:
1419:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1369:
1365:
1364:The Telegraph
1361:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1315:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1291:
1283:
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1274:
1270:
1262:
1254:
1251:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1232:Unicode range
1228:
1224:
1221:Unicode alias
1218:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1155:
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1019:
1016:
1013:
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1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
963:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
933:river (water)
932:
931:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
896:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
861:
858:
855:
851:
846:
836:
833:
832:ethnic groups
827:
823:
821:
816:
814:
811:('pigs') and
810:
806:
802:
798:
797:
790:
788:
784:
774:
772:
768:
765:(Longchang),
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
733:
729:
719:
716:
715:lamsam/lengti
712:
707:
705:
695:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
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527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
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506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
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437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
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344:
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329:
326:
323:
320:
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316:
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311:
308:
299:
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273:
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253:
249:
245:
242:and parts of
241:
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195:
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98:
94:
92:
85:
81:
79:
67:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
36:
27:
19:
3348:
3239:Khiamniungan
2524:
2353:Bodo-Kachari
2320:Bodo-Kachari
2232:(inc. Khasi
2131:Other tribes
2106:
1982:Galo/Gallong
1910:Major tribes
1825:
1716:Khiamniungan
1576:Bibliography
1571:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:
1545:
1533:. Retrieved
1515:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1477:
1470:
1461:
1451:
1444:
1416:
1409:
1391:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1368:the original
1354:
1344:
1337:
1327:
1322:
1313:
1307:
1297:
1290:
1280:
1273:
1260:
1247:
1150:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1124:
856:
852:
848:
828:
824:
817:
812:
808:
804:
800:
793:
791:
786:
782:
780:
770:
766:
762:
760:
755:
751:
745:
740:
736:
731:
725:
714:
710:
708:
701:
693:
684:(Yawngkon) M
642:(Shograng) M
573:(Nyinshao) M
549:(Mawshang) B
312:
309:
305:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
256:
244:Kachin State
223:
219:
217:
178:Christianity
151:Kachin State
51:Diorama and
29:Ethnic group
26:
3420:Naga people
3179:Naga tribes
3035:Kuki tribes
3017:, Tromopa,
2975:Naga tribes
2951:(see below)
2949:Kuki Tribes
2867:Munda, Kaur
2549:Tai peoples
2517:Naga tribes
2493:Miju Mishmi
2464:Aka (Hruso)
2459:Abor (Galo)
2428:Naga tribes
2404:(see below)
2402:Kuki Tribes
2270:Naga tribes
2246:(see below)
2244:Kuki Tribes
1947:Aka (Hruso)
1560:4 September
1535:19 February
1374:13 February
654:(Thamkok) M
630:(Shangri) B
531:(Longphi) I
495:(Haqlang) B
53:wax figures
3409:Categories
3209:Chakhesang
3182:including:
3038:including:
2980:Pawi (Lai)
2539:Sherdukpen
2437:Raba, Rava
2433:Pawi (Lai)
2275:Pawi (Lai)
2087:Sherdukpen
1967:Chikum Dui
1686:Chakhesang
1265:References
1250:alphabetic
1162:See also:
843:See also:
730:(known as
666:(Wancho) I
597:(Macyam) M
543:(Moklum) I
519:(Lungri) B
387:(Kawlum) M
369:(Gashan) M
351:(Dunghi) B
265:Background
192:(Buddhism)
3394:See also
3379:Yimkhiung
3162:Thangngeu
3114:Lengthang
3094:Khawchung
2345:Meghalaya
2294:Yimkhiung
1987:Hill Miri
1856:Yimkhiung
1198:ISO 15924
1192:ISO 15924
1177:Direction
869:Longchang
805:Kuh-a-Mol
722:Lifestyle
648:(Tokay) M
579:(Nocte) I
505:Longchang
411:(Hachi) M
363:(Wakka) B
321:(Botey) B
302:Subgroups
226:, are of
160:Languages
39:Tangshang
3344:Tangkhul
3259:Liangmai
3083:Hongsung
3058:Gamalhou
3052:Chongloi
3049:Changsan
2943:Lyngngam
2771:Tangkhul
2706:Liangmai
2633:Zekhring
2557:Khamyang
2391:Lyngngam
2307:Nagaland
2238:Lyngngam
2122:Zekhring
2002:Khamyang
1952:Apa Tani
1821:Tangkhul
1736:Liangmai
1436:24591117
1401:3151231M
1241:Proposal
1087:se¹pʰo²
1081:rangshal
1072:rangshal
1069:raŋ²sai¹
1063:raŋ²xai²
1055:wɯ¹cʰi¹
839:Language
796:Rangfrah
783:Wihu Kuh
777:Religion
771:Lungwang
767:Khaphong
752:Looppong
678:(Yasa) M
634:Shangval
595:Pongnyon
571:Nyinshao
565:Ngaimong
483:(Lati) B
465:Kaisan M
454:Henching
450:(Havi) I
420:Haqman M
397:Haqcyeng
331:Cyampang
190:Hinduism
186:Rangfrah
184:(mostly
172:Religion
3359:Thangal
3334:Sangtam
3329:Rongmei
3309:Pochury
3289:Monsang
3254:Lamkang
3249:Lainong
3169:Vaiphei
3149:Sitlhou
3146:Singson
3139:Sairhem
3129:Mangjel
3126:Lupheng
3123:Lhouvun
3120:Lhoujem
3117:Lhangum
3105:Kholhou
3071:Hanneng
3055:Doungel
3015:Tibetan
3007:Kagatey
2937:(inc.
2887:Tripuri
2837:Jamatia
2818:Chaimal
2801:Tripura
2781:Vaiphei
2756:Rongmei
2731:Monsang
2701:Lamkang
2691:Koireng
2643:Manipur
2613:Minyong
2553:Khampti
2507:Lishipa
2469:Apatani
2385:(inc.
2197:Mizoram
2147:Lishipa
2092:Singpho
2062:Mishing
2052:Minyong
1836:Thangal
1811:Sangtam
1806:Rongmei
1786:Pochury
1766:Monsang
1731:Lamkang
1726:Lainong
1214:Unicode
1078:raŋ²sa³
1075:raŋ²sa¹
1037:wu²tai¹
1031:βɯ¹cʰi¹
965:alcohol
763:Khaphua
704:Myanmar
698:Culture
688:Yungkuk
670:Yangnaw
652:Cyamkok
628:Shangti
616:Ringkhu
606:Raqnu M
589:Ponthai
529:Lungphi
511:Lungkhi
499:Lochang
415:Haqkhun
403:Haqcyum
379:Kochung
367:Gaqchan
354:Gaqha M
248:Myanmar
224:Tangsa
182:Animism
109:Myanmar
3374:Wancho
3364:Tikhir
3349:Tangsa
3324:Rengma
3319:Poumai
3284:Maring
3269:Makury
3244:Konyak
3234:Kharam
3224:Chothe
3194:Angami
3143:Selnam
3108:Kipgen
3101:Khelma
3091:Jongbe
3080:Hengna
3077:Haolai
3062:Gangte
3025:Lepcha
3011:Sherpa
3003:Bhutia
2995:Sikkim
2925:Hajong
2910:Chakma
2882:Santal
2872:Noatia
2852:Lepcha
2842:Khasia
2822:Chakma
2814:Bhutia
2776:Thadou
2721:Maring
2671:Gangte
2666:Chothe
2628:Puroik
2588:Khamba
2571:(inc.
2551:(inc.
2533:Wancho
2525:Tangsa
2519:(inc.
2503:Chugpa
2501:(inc.
2491:(inc.
2489:Mishmi
2479:Galong
2373:Hajong
2358:Chakma
2220:Hajong
2205:Chakma
2142:Chugpa
2117:Wancho
2107:Tangsa
2097:Sulung
2067:Nyishi
2022:Palibo
1997:Khamti
1992:Khamba
1957:Ashing
1922:Mishmi
1851:Wancho
1841:Tikhir
1826:Tangsa
1801:Rengma
1796:Poumai
1761:Maring
1746:Makury
1721:Konyak
1711:Kharam
1701:Chothe
1671:Angami
1656:tribes
1434:
1424:
1399:
1225:Tangsa
1171:Tangsa
1110:təhɤi¹
1066:rangsa
1049:wochih
1046:wu¹ti¹
1043:wu¹ti¹
992:kʰam²
890:Halang
887:Hakhun
884:Muklom
881:Yonguk
878:Tikhak
866:Cholim
756:Likpya
737:phalap
664:Vancyo
658:Tikhak
640:Shokra
622:Sansik
601:Rancyi
583:Pingku
553:Mungre
541:Muklom
537:Miku M
517:Lungri
481:Lakkai
475:Kumkaq
460:Yoglei
436:Haqsik
409:Haqkhi
385:Kotlum
373:Gaqlon
361:Gaqkat
337:Cyolim
252:Tangsa
211:Konyak
148:
127:
106:
75:
33:Tangsa
18:Tangsa
3369:Tutsa
3354:Tarao
3304:Para
3299:Nocte
3294:Moyon
3279:Maram
3264:Lotha
3229:Inpui
3219:Chiru
3214:Chirr
3204:Chang
3165:Uibuh
3158:Thado
3153:Sukte
3135:Riang
3132:Misao
3067:Guite
3045:Biate
3019:Yolmo
2902:Assam
2892:Uchoi
2877:Riang
2832:Halam
2827:Garoo
2761:Simte
2751:Ralte
2746:Purum
2741:Paite
2736:Moyon
2716:Maram
2681:Inpui
2661:Chiru
2651:Aimol
2598:Memba
2583:Deori
2577:Padam
2561:Phake
2529:Tutsa
2521:Nocte
2511:Takpa
2499:Momba
2298:woman
2112:Tutsa
2102:Takpa
2072:Nocte
2037:Monpa
2032:Memba
2027:Phake
2017:Padam
1972:Deori
1846:Tutsa
1831:Tarao
1776:Nocte
1771:Moyon
1756:Maram
1741:Lotha
1706:Inpui
1696:Chiru
1691:Chirr
1681:Chang
1555:DOBES
1525:(PDF)
1206:(275)
1119:sʰe¹
1113:tahih
1107:təɣi¹
1098:tahei
1095:təgi¹
1092:blood
1052:u¹ti¹
1040:wutai
1034:wutei
1023:ran¹
1000:ədiŋ¹
997:heart
989:kʰam²
968:cʰai¹
951:kʰam²
948:kʰam²
928:kham
916:kʰam²
913:kʰam²
907:kʰam²
901:kʰam²
875:Jugli
863:Gloss
748:Nocte
732:Jhwum
577:Nukte
559:Nahen
523:Lumnu
448:Havoi
442:Hokuq
424:Haqpo
391:Gaqyi
349:Jöngi
343:Cyuyo
254:.
236:Assam
207:Nocte
78:India
3384:Zeme
3339:Sumi
3314:Phom
3189:Anāl
3111:Kuki
2930:Hmar
2920:Garo
2847:Kuki
2809:Bhil
2786:Zeme
2676:Hmar
2656:Anal
2603:Miji
2593:Lisu
2573:Bori
2397:Koch
2378:Hmar
2368:Garo
2335:Naga
2325:Kuki
2315:Garo
2296:Naga
2250:Mara
2225:Hmar
2215:Garo
2042:Miji
2012:Lisu
1962:Bori
1861:Zeme
1816:Sumi
1791:Phom
1781:Para
1666:Anāl
1654:Naga
1650:List
1562:2023
1537:2021
1432:OCLC
1422:ISBN
1376:2009
1203:Tnsa
1147:kham
1136:kham
1128:kham
1020:ran³
1014:rɤn¹
1011:rɤn¹
1006:rin¹
986:kham
977:chol
974:cʰe¹
960:ʒɯ²
954:jung
945:jong
939:kham
919:jung
910:kham
904:kham
872:Rera
813:maan
787:Wihu
676:Asen
646:Toke
493:Lama
487:Kuku
430:Hasa
292:tang
288:Hiwi
284:Hewe
280:Hawa
276:Hawa
274:and
272:Muwa
234:and
218:The
203:Naga
3274:Mao
2862:Mag
2791:Zou
2711:Mao
2696:Kom
2623:Nga
2569:Adi
2082:Ran
2077:Nga
1942:Adi
1917:Adi
1751:Mao
1652:of
1483:doi
1248:An
1116:hi¹
1101:gi¹
1084:se¹
1060:sun
1028:egg
1017:tin
1003:ran
983:ʒo²
980:ʒu²
971:jau
957:ʤu²
942:ʒo²
936:ʒo²
925:ʒɯ²
922:ʤu²
809:wak
803:or
801:Mol
743:).
682:Kon
319:Oni
286:or
246:of
222:or
188:),
155:N/A
134:N/A
113:N/A
95:N/A
82:N/A
3411::
3199:Ao
3013:,
3009:,
2575:,
2559:,
2555:,
2531:,
2527:,
2523:,
2509:,
2505:,
1676:Ao
1553:.
1527:.
1430:.
1397:OL
1362:.
1151:ju
1140:ju
1104:hi
789:.
296:sa
209:,
205:,
180:,
3021:)
2945:)
2579:)
2563:)
2535:)
2513:)
2495:)
2393:)
2240:)
2181:e
2174:t
2167:v
1895:e
1888:t
1881:v
1642:e
1635:t
1628:v
1564:.
1539:.
1489:.
1485::
1438:.
1403:.
1378:.
1301:.
690:I
672:M
660:I
618:M
591:I
585:M
567:B
561:M
525:M
507:I
477:M
471:B
444:M
417:B
405:M
399:B
393:M
381:M
20:)
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