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Synodic day

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678: 145: 702: 654: 690: 666: 335:'s slow rotational speed and fast orbit around the Sun, its synodic rotation period of 176 Earth days is three times longer than its sidereal rotational period (sidereal day) and twice as long as its orbital period. 129:) on consecutive days, whereas a sidereal day is the time it takes for a given distant star to pass over a meridian on consecutive days. For example, in the 92:
planet, the same side always faces its parent star, and its synodic day is infinite. Its sidereal day, however, is equal to its orbital period.
188:. Because of the variation in the length of the synodic day, the days with the longest and shortest period of daylight do not coincide with the 160:
of the Earth. The longest and shortest synodic days' durations differ by about 51 seconds. The mean length, however, is 24 hours (with
17: 521: 215:. Each synodic day, this gradual motion is a little less than 1° eastward (360° per 365.25 days), in a manner known as 405: 622: 415: 133:, a synodic day could be measured as the time taken for the Sun to move from exactly true south (i.e. its highest 216: 326: 644: 598: 470: 563: 384: 161: 85:, which is one complete rotation in relation to distant stars and is the basis of sidereal time. 722: 152:
For Earth, the synodic day is not constant, and changes over the course of the year due to the
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As viewed from Earth during the year, the Sun appears to slowly drift along an imaginary path
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Rotation period of a body relative to the primary object it orbits, e.g. solar day
511: 354: 310: 238:, this allows them to always pass over a location on Earth's surface at the same 59: 293: 487: 458: 364: 349: 281: 231: 716: 496: 359: 314: 257: 89: 82: 670: 273: 148:
Derivative of −Δt. The axis on the right shows the length of the solar day.
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rotational period (sidereal day) and even its orbital period.
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David W. Hughes; B.D. Yallop; C.Y. Hohenkerk (15 June 1989).
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Time in Powers of Ten: Natural Phenomena and Their Timescales
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Astronomy Education at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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that are a fraction of a synodic day. Combined with a
642: 404:Gerard, T. Hooft; Stefan, Vandoren (12 May 2014). 313:of 117 Earth days is about half the length of its 463:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 714: 268:or synodic rotation period) is the same as its 403: 327:Mercury (planet) § Spin-orbit resonance 117:'s synodic day is the time it takes for the 272:with Earth and the Sun (the period of the 81:The synodic day is distinguished from the 486: 156:of Earth's orbit around the Sun and the 143: 591: 14: 715: 438:. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln 184:, which can also be seen in Earth's 510:J. M. A. Danby; Jean Meeus (1997). 24: 615: 66:to rotate once in relation to the 25: 739: 700: 688: 676: 664: 652: 294:Venus § Orbit and rotation 574: 556: 530: 513:Mathematical Astronomy Morsels 503: 450: 432:"Sidereal vs. Synodic Motions" 424: 397: 13: 1: 599:"How long is a day on Venus?" 390: 172:. The difference between the 280:, which is the month of the 7: 564:"The Plane of the Ecliptic" 338: 245: 10: 744: 471:Royal Astronomical Society 324: 320: 291: 249: 99: 29: 488:10.1093/mnras/238.4.1529 287: 95: 31:Not to be confused with 603:TE AWAMUTU SPACE CENTRE 582:"SATELLITES AND ORBITS" 385:Day length fluctuations 168:), and is the basis of 52:synodic rotation period 18:Synodic rotation period 459:"The Equation of Time" 345:Noon § Solar noon 228:Sun-synchronous orbits 149: 121:to pass over the same 74:, and is the basis of 325:Further information: 292:Further information: 147: 410:. World Scientific. 264:'s synodic day (the 209:spherical background 479:1989MNRAS.238.1529H 278:synodic lunar month 139:Southern Hemisphere 131:Northern Hemisphere 538:"Equation Of Time" 192:near the equator. 180:solar time is the 150: 523:978-0-943396-51-4 516:. Willmann-Bell. 88:In the case of a 16:(Redirected from 735: 705: 704: 703: 693: 692: 691: 681: 680: 679: 669: 668: 657: 656: 655: 648: 637: 636: 634: 633: 619: 613: 612: 610: 609: 595: 589: 588: 586: 578: 572: 571: 570:. July 12, 2016. 560: 554: 553: 551: 549: 534: 528: 527: 507: 501: 500: 490: 454: 448: 447: 445: 443: 428: 422: 421: 401: 375:Sun transit time 303:rotational speed 298:Due to the slow 260:with Earth, the 236:nodal precession 182:equation of time 164:on the order of 102:Earth's rotation 64:celestial object 43: 36: 21: 743: 742: 738: 737: 736: 734: 733: 732: 713: 712: 711: 701: 699: 689: 687: 677: 675: 663: 653: 651: 643: 641: 640: 631: 629: 621: 620: 616: 607: 605: 597: 596: 592: 584: 580: 579: 575: 562: 561: 557: 547: 545: 536: 535: 531: 524: 508: 504: 455: 451: 441: 439: 430: 429: 425: 418: 402: 398: 393: 355:Rotation period 341: 329: 323: 311:rotation period 296: 290: 254: 248: 240:mean solar time 232:orbital periods 217:prograde motion 203:, known as the 112: 100:Main articles: 98: 44: 37: 30: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 741: 731: 730: 725: 710: 709: 697: 685: 673: 661: 639: 638: 614: 590: 573: 555: 544:. Dominic Ford 542:In-The-Sky.org 529: 522: 502: 449: 423: 416: 395: 394: 392: 389: 388: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 365:Solar rotation 362: 357: 352: 350:Orbital period 347: 340: 337: 322: 319: 309:, its synodic 289: 286: 282:lunar calendar 270:synodic period 250:Main article: 247: 244: 97: 94: 90:tidally locked 33:Synodic period 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 740: 729: 726: 724: 723:Units of time 721: 720: 718: 708: 698: 696: 686: 684: 674: 672: 667: 662: 660: 650: 649: 646: 628: 624: 618: 604: 600: 594: 583: 577: 569: 565: 559: 543: 539: 533: 525: 519: 515: 514: 506: 498: 494: 489: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 453: 437: 433: 427: 419: 417:9789814494939 413: 409: 408: 400: 396: 386: 383: 381: 380:Synodic month 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 360:Sidereal time 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 342: 336: 334: 328: 318: 316: 312: 308: 304: 301: 295: 285: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 258:tidal locking 253: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 220: 218: 214: 211:of seemingly 210: 206: 202: 201:Earth's orbit 198: 193: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 146: 142: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 111: 107: 103: 93: 91: 86: 84: 79: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 41: 34: 19: 707:Solar System 630:. Retrieved 626: 617: 606:. Retrieved 602: 593: 576: 567: 558: 548:22 September 546:. Retrieved 541: 532: 512: 505: 466: 462: 452: 442:22 September 440:. Retrieved 435: 426: 406: 399: 330: 297: 274:lunar phases 255: 221: 194: 177: 173: 166:milliseconds 162:fluctuations 154:eccentricity 151: 113: 87: 83:sidereal day 80: 55: 51: 47: 45: 695:Outer space 683:Spaceflight 473:: 1529–35. 213:fixed stars 135:declination 125:(a line of 48:synodic day 717:Categories 632:2021-06-03 608:2021-06-03 391:References 370:Solar time 300:retrograde 224:spacecraft 170:solar time 158:axial tilt 106:Solar time 76:solar time 40:Solar time 728:Astronomy 659:Astronomy 497:0035-8711 266:lunar day 252:Lunar day 190:solstices 127:longitude 58:) is the 56:solar day 339:See also 315:sidereal 246:The Moon 226:orbits, 222:Certain 205:ecliptic 197:coplanar 186:analemma 178:apparent 123:meridian 72:orbiting 645:Portals 475:Bibcode 333:Mercury 331:Due to 321:Mercury 256:Due to 230:, have 207:, on a 520:  495:  414:  276:, the 108:, and 70:it is 62:for a 60:period 671:Stars 623:"ESO" 585:(PDF) 469:(4). 307:Venus 288:Venus 199:with 115:Earth 96:Earth 568:NASA 550:2020 518:ISBN 493:ISSN 444:2020 412:ISBN 262:Moon 176:and 174:mean 68:star 50:(or 627:ESO 483:doi 467:238 305:of 284:). 141:). 119:Sun 110:Day 54:or 719:: 625:. 601:. 566:. 540:. 491:. 481:. 465:. 461:. 434:. 242:. 219:. 104:, 78:. 46:A 647:: 635:. 611:. 587:. 552:. 526:. 499:. 485:: 477:: 446:. 420:. 42:. 35:. 20:)

Index

Synodic rotation period
Synodic period
Solar time
period
celestial object
star
orbiting
solar time
sidereal day
tidally locked
Earth's rotation
Solar time
Day
Earth
Sun
meridian
longitude
Northern Hemisphere
declination
Southern Hemisphere

eccentricity
axial tilt
fluctuations
milliseconds
solar time
equation of time
analemma
solstices
coplanar

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