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wrote a parody of the second movement in 1909, penning the words "Nice little easy sugar-plum sounds" under the opening notes. Ives was unhappy with concert audiences who unadventurously resisted difficult modern music—as is shown by other words in his parody: "Nice sweety silk bonnet melodies ...
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The Room was crowded last night... A new composition from such a man as Haydn is a great event in the history of music. – His novelty of last night was a grand
Overture, the subject of which was remarkably simple, but extended to vast complication, exquisitly
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of my symphony had already met with countless Bravos, but the enthusiasm reached its highest peak at the
Andante with the Drum Stroke. Encore! Encore! sounded in every throat, and Pleyel himself complimented me on my
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nice pretty perfumed sounds for the dress circle cushion chai ears." Since the opening notes of Haydn's second movement are very simple, they were a suitable choice for Ives's purpose.
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in the lower strings to set up the surprise. Four variations of the theme follow, starting with embellishment in sixteenth notes by the first violins, moving to a stormy variation in
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366:, who was at that time engaged by an orchestra in London (in 1792) and whose concerts had opened a week before mine, should not outdo me. The first
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with the opening bars appearing both at the beginning and in the middle of the development section. The stirring coda emphasizes the
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as if nothing has happened, and the ensuing variations do not repeat the joke. In German, the work is referred to as the
Symphony
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in London for a concert series he gave during the first of his visits to
England (1791–1792). The premiere took place at the
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No, but I was interested in surprising the public with something new, and in making a brilliant debut, so that my student
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The fourth movement is a characteristically rhythmic, energetic and propulsive Haydn finale. The movement is written in
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The third piece of Haydn was a new
Overture , of very extraordinary merit. It was simple, profound, and sublime. The
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Haydn's music contains many jokes, and the
Surprise Symphony includes probably the most famous of all: a sudden
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The "surprise" arrives in measure 16, when the rest of the orchestra joins the first violins in a
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section, the opening notes are stated once more, this time reharmonized with gently dissonant
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The same theme is also frequently adapted for the purpose of teaching musical beginners; see
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Like all of Haydn's "London" symphonies, the work is in four movements, marked as follows:
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732:(1801), in which the bass soloist depicts a plowman whistling Haydn's tune as he works.
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Toward the end of his active career Haydn wove the theme of the second movement into an
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created a version of the
Surprise Symphony 'with extra surprises' for the humorous
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411:] modulated and striking in effect. Critical applause was fervid and abundant.
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asked him whether he wrote this "surprise" to awaken the audience. Haydn replied:
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The symphony is still popular today, and is frequently performed and recorded.
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in London on March 23, 1792, with Haydn leading the orchestra seated at a
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Measures 1 to 16 of the first violin part in the second movement.
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346:. Performances of the Surprise Symphony last about 23 minutes.
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with trumpets and timpani, followed by solos for the first
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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introduction preceding a highly rhythmic main section in
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801:(Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1968), p. 33.
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867:. Vol. 3. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
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A Descriptive
Catalogue of the Music of Charles Ives
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Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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555:The second, "surprise", movement, is an andante
663:. The music then returns to its original quiet
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16:Musical work of Joseph Haydn, composed in 1791
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659:opening theme in the variation-form second
457:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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839:"Instrumental – Haydn's Surprise Symphony"
375:The work was popular at its premiere. The
902:International Music Score Library Project
477:Learn how and when to remove this message
302:-era orchestra consisting of two each of
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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298:The Surprise Symphony is scored for a
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876:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
455:adding citations to reliable sources
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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354:In Haydn's old age, his biographer
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671:, or, with the kettledrum stroke.
655:chord at the end of the otherwise
390:movement was particularly admired.
254:1/94) is the second of the twelve
233:Problems playing these files? See
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791:Haydn: Two Contemporary Portraits
522:The first movement has a lyrical
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767:List of symphonies with names
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185:III. Menuetto (Allegro molto)
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58:"Symphony No. 94" Haydn
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872:Sinclair, James B (1999).
865:Haydn: Chronicle and Works
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203:IV. Finale (Allegro molto)
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270:Composition and premiere
149:I. Adagio – Vivace assai
1714:Compositions in G major
795:Georg August Griesinger
755:Hoffnung Music Festival
631:download the audio file
356:Georg August Griesinger
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557:theme and variations
451:improve this section
334:(first and second),
284:Hanover Square Rooms
43:improve this article
828:, pp. 572–573.
1510:(In nomine Domini)
1380:(Tempora mutantur)
1312:(The Schoolmaster)
797:; Vernon Gotwals;
686:in the tonic key (
294:Scoring and length
223:Serge Koussevitzky
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99:February 2022
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36:verification
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1431:(La chasse)
814:Landon 1976
729:The Seasons
576:subdominant
467:August 2015
380:'s Register
258:written by
167:II. Andante
130: 1791
1698:Categories
1652:(Drumroll)
1631:(Military)
1595:(Surprise)
1518:(La Reine)
1494:(The Bear)
1247:(Farewell)
1146:(Alleluia)
997:(Le matin)
938:Symphonies
737:Papa Haydn
715:Later uses
653:fortissimo
644:fortissimo
584:pianissimo
508:Menuetto:
405: [
288:fortepiano
235:media help
225:conducting
69:newspapers
1608:(Miracle)
1502:(The Hen)
1231:(Mercury)
1013:(Le soir)
1005:(Le midi)
588:pizzicato
438:does not
419:Structure
300:Classical
1660:(London)
1567:(Oxford)
1408:(Laudon)
1239:(Trauer)
863:(1976).
761:See also
725:oratorio
661:movement
600:flautist
514:Finale:
378:Woodfall
350:Nickname
320:trumpets
312:bassoons
276:symphony
1639:(Clock)
854:Sources
723:of his
709:timpani
692:scherzo
688:G major
665:dynamic
592:C minor
580:C major
578:key of
504:Andante
459:removed
444:sources
388:andante
368:Allegro
332:violins
324:timpani
322:, plus
248:G major
125:Haydn,
83:scholar
1674:Portal
1335:(Fire)
1192:(Echo)
880:
697:presto
676:minuet
596:oboist
552:time.
364:Pleyel
342:, and
340:cellos
336:violas
304:flutes
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1538:88–92
1353:61–81
1212:41–60
1083:21–40
778:Notes
682:, in
657:piano
616:pedal
604:forte
586:with
371:idea.
316:horns
308:oboes
90:JSTOR
76:books
1658:104
1650:103
1637:101
1629:100
953:A–20
878:ISBN
721:aria
680:trio
678:and
608:coda
598:and
442:any
440:cite
394:The
280:1791
242:The
62:news
1645:102
1606:96
1593:94
1565:92
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1190:38
1152:31
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1126:27
1118:26
1095:22
940:by
559:in
453:by
408:sic
278:in
246:in
45:by
1700::
1624:99
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1614:97
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1203:40
1198:39
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1175:35
1170:34
1165:33
1160:32
1139:29
1134:28
1113:25
1108:24
1103:23
1090:21
1074:20
1069:19
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1059:17
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1049:15
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1024:10
1011:8
1003:7
995:6
841:.
806:^
757:.
739:.
711:.
700:.
618:.
497:–
338:,
318:,
314:,
310:,
306:,
290:.
266:.
252:H.
221:,
127:c.
1676::
1019:9
990:5
985:4
980:3
975:2
970:1
965:B
960:A
930:e
923:t
916:v
886:.
845:.
633:.
567:4
545:8
530:4
480:)
474:(
469:)
465:(
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250:(
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112:)
106:(
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97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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