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as a "summons to awakening", and "The vernal passion that sway men until they are very old, and which surprises them with each year." One scholar wrote that "If that makes this a kind of Last
Judgment, then the rest of the symphony is a Garden of Heavenly Delights." The first trio of the third movement quotes motifs from the first movement. The last movement of the symphony also uses the final theme of
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397:, and F in the first movement, and D, A, and F in the third, at the suggestion of Schumann's cousin-in-law, Ernst Pfundt. It was the first major orchestral work of its style to require three timpani. Schumann made some revisions until the definitive full-score of the symphony was published in 1853. The playing time of the symphony is about 29–31 minutes, depending upon the interpretation.
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Originally, each movement had its own title, with the first movement nicknamed "The
Beginning of Spring", the second "Evening", the third "Merry Playmates", and the last "Spring in Full Bloom". However, Schumann withdrew the titles before publication. The first movement was described by the composer
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Could you breathe a little of the longing for spring into your orchestra as they play? That was what was most in my mind when I wrote in
January 1841. I should like the very first trumpet entrance to sound as if it came from on high, like a summons to awakening. Further on in the introduction, I
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would like the music to suggest the world’s turning green, perhaps with a butterfly hovering in the air, and then, in the
Allegro, to show how everything to do with spring is coming alive... These, however, are ideas that came into my mind only after I had completed the piece.
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on 31 March 1841 in
Leipzig, where the symphony was warmly received. According to Clara's diary, the title "Spring Symphony" was bestowed upon it due to
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There is no pause between the 2nd and 3rd movements, as the ending of the previous movement ends on the key of D major instead of E
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778:"Robert Schuman: Symphony No.1 in B flat major, Op. 38 "Spring"; Johannes Brahms: Symphony No.1 in C minor, Op. 68"
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243:. The symphony's opening has traditionally been associated with the closing lines of Böttger's poem, "
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Although he had made some "symphonic attempts" in the autumn of 1840 soon after he married
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Schumann sketched the symphony in four days from 23 to 26 January and completed the
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Muns, Lodewijk (2010). "Schumann's First
Symphony: 'The Nightwatchman.'".
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884:"Robert Schumann: Symphony No. 1 in B-flat, Opus 38, "Spring""
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O wende, wende deinen Lauf/Im Thale blĂĽht der FrĂĽhling auf!
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by 20 February. The premiere took place under the baton of
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Andante and variations for two pianos, two cellos and horn
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704:"Symphony No. 1 in B-flat major, Op. 38, "Spring""
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831:The Timpani: A History in Pictures and Documents
16:1841 symphonic work composed by Robert Schumann
709:John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
385:in the symphony, using the unusual tuning of B
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943:"Building a Library: Schumann: Symphony No 1"
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618:BBC Radio 3's CD Review – Building a Library
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494:: Come sopra ma un poco più lento – Quasi
381:. Schumann especially expanded the use of
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975:International Music Score Library Project
677:"Symphony No. 1 in B-flat Major, Op. 398"
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833:. University of Michigan. p. 83.
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712:. November 2015. Archived from
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341:The symphony is scored for two
100:Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
1366:Variations on the name "Abegg"
947:CD Review – Building a Library
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480:) – Trio I: Molto piu vivace (
334:IV. Allegro animato e grazioso
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1713:Compositions in B-flat major
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322:III. Scherzo (Molto vivace)
298:I. Andante un poco maestoso
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1020:List of compositions
913:Brown, Svend-Einar.
537:Selected discography
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1491:Album for the Young
1218:for viola and piano
1210:Violin Sonata No. 3
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1200:Violin Sonata No. 1
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564:Cleveland Orchestra
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551:Deutsche Grammophon
408:un poco maestoso –
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282:Berlin Philharmonic
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716:on April 10, 2016
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484:) – Trio II (B
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148:31 March 1841
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1602:Choral works
1590:
1577:
1571:Dichterliebe
1569:
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1554:
1547:
1525:
1519:Albumblätter
1518:
1511:
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1497:
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1469:
1463:Kreisleriana
1462:
1456:Kinderszenen
1455:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1349:Sonata No. 3
1344:Sonata No. 2
1339:Sonata No. 1
1266:
1254:
1224:F-A-E Sonata
1222:
1215:
1182:
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1133:
1099:
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1037:
951:. Retrieved
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740:
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718:. Retrieved
714:the original
707:
698:
686:. Retrieved
680:
670:
658:. Retrieved
652:
626:David Zinman
615:
568:George Szell
530:Kreisleriana
528:
525:
399:
340:
261:
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236:
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185:
183:
57:B-flat major
23:
1563:Liederkreis
1548:Liederkreis
1540:Vocal works
1477:NachtstĂĽcke
1470:Novelletten
1413:collections
1387:BlumenstĂĽck
720:January 24,
218:Clara Wieck
1697:Categories
1498:Waldszenen
1411:Suites and
1319:Solo piano
1065:No. 3 in E
1044:No. 1 in B
1027:Orchestral
953:12 January
632:References
212:Background
173:Performers
96:Dedication
80:23 January
76:23 January
1421:Papillons
1394:Humoreske
490:major) –
442:Larghetto
367:trombones
351:clarinets
268:Structure
163:Conductor
132:Movements
106:Published
1650:Category
1610:Genoveva
1565:, Op. 39
1550:, Op. 24
1435:Carnaval
1380:Arabeske
1103:Overture
1095:Overture
1068:♭
1047:♭
926:22 March
898:22 March
867:22 March
816:20721615
787:22 March
762:22 March
688:22 March
660:22 March
511:♭
487:♭
466:♭
449:♭
417:♭
394:♭
388:♭
375:triangle
365:, three
363:trumpets
355:bassoons
235:'s poem
191:♭
153:Location
140:Premiere
73:Composed
1631:Manfred
1556:Myrthen
1373:Toccata
1107:Requiem
1075:Rhenish
1038:Zwickau
861:LA Phil
624:, with
612:, 1998.
588:, 1973.
574:, 1972.
553:, 1963.
514:major)
482:D major
478:D minor
474:Scherzo
410:Allegro
406:Andante
383:timpani
379:strings
371:timpani
357:, four
194:major,
157:Leipzig
114: (
86: (
78: (
1673:Portal
1054:Spring
837:
814:
753:
610:Archiv
496:presto
361:, two
353:, two
349:, two
345:, two
343:flutes
284:under
1660:Audio
1278:Other
1236:Trios
1071:major
1050:major
887:(PDF)
812:JSTOR
782:Naxos
452:major
420:major
359:horns
347:oboes
120:(ed.
1169:Duos
955:2014
928:2016
900:2016
869:2016
835:ISBN
789:2016
764:2016
751:ISBN
722:2020
690:2016
662:2016
492:Coda
377:and
188:in B
184:The
145:Date
116:1841
112:1841
64:Opus
808:151
391:, G
196:Op.
53:Key
30:by
1699::
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889:.
858:.
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679:.
651:.
639:^
608:.
604:–
594:–
584:.
580:–
570:.
566:–
549:.
545:–
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373:,
369:,
208:.
68:38
1675::
1587:"
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1003:e
996:t
989:v
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446:E
444:(
414:B
135:4
124:)
118:)
90:)
82:)
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