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594:"A solar azimuth formula that renders circumstantial treatment unnecessary without compromising mathematical rigor: Mathematical setup, application and extension of a formula based on the subsolar point and atan2 function"
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with the range of possible subsolar points shaded in pink – the angle between the Sun and the local horizontal level is exactly 90° at the subsolar point
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centred on Mecca, when the subsolar point is on the Ka'bah, shadows of vertical poles on the sunlit hemisphere point away from it
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The subsolar point moves constantly on the surface of the Earth, but for any given time, its coordinates, or
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The point on the Earth, or other body, at which the Sun is directly overhead at a particular time.
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Zhang, Taiping; Stackhouse, Paul W.; MacPherson, Bradley; Mikovitz, J. Colleen (2021).
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269:{\displaystyle \lambda _{s}=-15(T_{\mathrm {GMT} }-12+E_{\mathrm {min} }/60).}
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Approximate subsolar point dates vs latitude superimposed on a world map,
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to its surface. It can also mean the point closest to the Sun on an
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667:(shows location of subsolar point for any user-specified time)
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over the course of a year, so will appear to spiral like a
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486:sacred direction to be found by observing shadows.
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308:is the latitude of the subsolar point in degrees,
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497:in which this happens, the event is known as
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43:is perceived to be directly overhead (at the
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635:"Noon sun not directly overhead everywhere"
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78:each day, approximately moving along the
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16:Point which the sun is directly overhead
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23:The subsolar point at Honolulu during
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438:{\displaystyle E_{\mathrm {min} }}
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393:{\displaystyle T_{\mathrm {GMT} }}
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172:{\displaystyle \phi _{s}=\delta ,}
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522:denoting Lahaina Noon in Honolulu
454:Observation in specific locations
129:Coordinates of the subsolar point
113:. The subsolar point crosses the
633:Nancy Alima Ali (May 11, 2010).
556:, ed. (1997). "subsolar point".
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464:azimuthal equidistant projection
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97:The subsolar point contacts the
691:Astronomical coordinate systems
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489:When the point passes through
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82:. However, it will also move
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472:Qibla observation by shadows
330:{\displaystyle \lambda _{s}}
47:); that is, where the Sun's
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51:strike the planet exactly
39:is the point at which its
560:A Dictionary of Astronomy
301:{\displaystyle \phi _{s}}
665:Day and Night World Map
566:Oxford University Press
352:{\displaystyle \delta }
640:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
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361:declination of the Sun
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564:. Oxford; New York:
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70:similar to those of
681:Spherical astronomy
520:the example in blue
402:Greenwich Mean Time
123:September equinoxes
107:Tropic of Capricorn
57:astronomical object
534:Subsatellite point
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111:December solstice
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33:subsolar point
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604:: 1333–1340.
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103:June solstice
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53:perpendicular
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646:November 12,
644:. Retrieved
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499:Lahaina Noon
480:Saudi Arabia
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86:between the
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25:Lahaina Noon
554:Ian Ridpath
449:in minutes.
363:in degrees,
64:orientation
675:Categories
540:References
495:U.S. state
696:Solstices
620:233631040
347:δ
319:λ
290:ϕ
226:−
199:−
187:λ
164:δ
152:ϕ
139:longitude
528:See also
462:On this
135:latitude
105:and the
68:rotation
445:is the
400:is the
359:is the
278:where
117:on the
115:Equator
109:on the
101:on the
88:tropics
80:equator
618:
572:
491:Hawaii
484:Muslim
476:Ka'bah
45:zenith
37:planet
686:Earth
616:S2CID
119:March
92:helix
76:globe
72:Earth
35:on a
648:2010
570:ISBN
137:and
121:and
66:and
49:rays
31:The
606:doi
602:172
478:in
406:UTC
404:or
41:Sun
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241:m
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205:(
196:=
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