533:
703:
788:
871:
46:
890:
killing his daughter and 3 of his grandchildren in front of him. The rangers scalped six
Acadians and took six prisoners during this raid. Godin "by his speech and largess . . . had instigated and maintained the Indians in their hatred and war against the English." Godin was taken prisoner by the rangers and brought, after having been joined by his remaining family, to Annapolis Royal. From there he was taken to Boston, Halifax, and England; later he was sent to Cherbourg.
836:
898:
in these functions during the said war until he was captured by the enemy, and he owns several leagues of land, where he had the grief to have seen the massacre of one of his daughters and her three children by the
English, who wanted, out of cruelty and fear to force him to take their part ... he only escaped such a fate by his flight into the woods, carrying with him two other children of the daughter.
663:. In February 1756, Governor Vaudreuil ordered Boishebert "to maintain, to the last extremity, the post on the River St. John." On February 8, 1756, Acadians ambushed a British vessel at the mouth of the Saint John River, forcing it to return to Port Royal. He was stationed at Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas and from there issued orders for various raids such as the
918:
fishing on the river and was ambushed by a militia of
Acadians and natives. During the fight the soldiers fought from the confines of a sloop while others fired cannons from the fort. One of the soldiers was killed and scalped and another was badly wounded. The soldiers pursued the militia but was unable to find it.
524:
happened in 1710. Over the next forty-five years the
Acadians refused to sign an unconditional oath of allegiance to Britain. During this time period Acadians participated in various militia operations against the British and maintained vital supply lines to the French Fortress of Louisbourg and Fort
1519:
AD, Calvados (Cæn), C 1 020, mémoire de Joseph
Bellefontaine, dit Beauséjour, 15 janv. 1774.— Placide Gaudet, Acadian genealogy and notes, APC Report, 1905, II, iiie partie :140, 241.— N.S. Archives, III.— , Acadia at the end of the seventeenth century : letters, journals, and memoirs of Joseph
921:
The command at Fort
Frederick was not convinced the village was totally destroyed and sent at least three more expeditions up river to Ste Anne between July and September 1759. The soldiers captured some Acadians along the way, burned their homes, destroyed their crops and slaughtered their cattle.
897:
The Sieur Joseph
Bellefontaine Beauséjour of the Saint John River, son of Gabriel (officer aboard the king's vessels in Canada (in Acadie) and of Angélique-Roberte Jeanna), was major of all the Saint John River Militia by order of Monsieur de la Galissonnière, from the 10 April 1749 and always was
889:
In
February 1759, Acadian militia leader Joseph Godin dit Bellefontaine and a group of Acadians ambushed the Rangers. Eventually Godin and his militia was overwhelmed by Hazen's rangers. Godin resisted Hazen's efforts to get him to sign an oath of allegiance, even in the face of Hazen torturing and
1614:
AD, Calvados (Caen), C 1020, mémoire de Joseph
Bellefontaine, dit Beauséjour, 15 janv. 1774. Placide Gaudet, "Acadian genealogy and notes," PAC Report, 1905, II, pt.iii, 140, 241. N.S. Archives, III. , Acadia at the end of the seventeenth century; letters, journals and memoirs of Joseph Robineau de
917:
On 18 May 1759 a group of soldiers left the confines of Fort
Frederick to go fishing. They were attacked by a group of native warriors and fled to the protection of the fort walls. One soldier did not make it and the natives carted him off. Again on 15 June 1759, another party of soldiers was out
763:
When Monckton and his troops appeared on the Saint John River, Boishébert retreated. The Acadians were left virtually unprotected in their settlements at Grimross, Jemseg and Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas. Boishébert directed Acadians to go to Quebec City, but many militiamen under Major Joseph Godin
862:
On 18 February 1759, Lieutenant Hazen and 22 men arrived at Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas. They pillaged and burned the village of 147 buildings, including two Mass-houses and all of the barns and stables. They burned a large store-house, and with it a large quantity of hay, wheat, peas, oats, etc.,
543:
Acadians had lived in the Saint John valley almost continuously since the early seventeenth century. After the Conquest of Acadia (1710), Acadians migrated from peninsula Nova Scotia to the French-occupied Saint John River. These Acadians were seen as the most resistant to British rule in the
972:. On 2 January 1760 most of the Acadian men who had come to Fort Frederick were boarded onto ships. The next day, the women and children were put on board, and the ship sailed for Halifax. Within weeks of their arrival in the provincial capital the captured Acadians were bound for France.
1978:
Robert Monckton, "Report of the Proceedings of the Troops on the Expedition Up St. Johns River in the Bay of Fundy Under the Command of Col. Monckton", The Northcliffe Collection, p. 102; also published in Collections of the New Brunswick Historical Society, No. 5, (1904), p.
2034:
1615:
Villebon . . . , ed. J. C. Webster (Saint John, N. B., 1934), 99, 149, 154. L. M. B. Maxwell, An outline of the history of central New Brunswick to the time of confederation (Sackville, N.B., 1937). ; Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Volume IV (1771-1800)
815:. Two days later, they arrived at the village of Grimross. The village of 50 families that had migrated there in 1755 were forced to abandon their homes. Monckton's troops burned every building, torched the fields, and killed all the livestock.
702:
854:
Almost three months later, in February 1759, Monckton sent Captain John McCurdy and his rangers out from Fort Frederick to go to Ste. Anne's Point on snow- shoes. Captain McCurdy died of an accident along the way and was replaced by Lieutenant
1702:
had been scalping native peoples in the area for generations, but unlike French colonists on Ile Royale, they had refrained from authorizing the taking of scalps from individuals identified as being of European descent. (See Plank, p. 67)
1520:
Robineau de Villebon , J. C. Webster, édit. (Saint-Jean, N.-B., 1934), 99, 149, 154.— L. M. B. Maxwell, An outline of the history of central New Brunswick to the time of confederation (Sackville, N.-B., 1937).— Raymond, River St. John.
1672:
had a long tradition of scalping enemy combatants and noncombatants in their participation in colonial conflicts against French colonists and their Native allies, which was allowed and even encouraged to varying degrees by successive
555:, conducted effective warfare along with the Mi'kmaq militia against New England throughout the colonial wars. As late as 1748, there were only twelve French-speaking families living on the river. On October 28, 1748, at the end of
983:. With the migration of returning Acadians after the close of the Seven Years' War in the 1760s to the river valley and other areas of what is now New Brunswick, the region became the center of Acadian life in the maritime region.
621:, and then to assist Kensey in capturing the French prize and taking it to Halifax. During this time the British took captive a sergeant of Boishebert's detachment Grandcour, who was caught at the mouth of the river.
694:). As a result, Acadians fled these areas for the villages along the banks of the Saint John River, including the largest communities at Grimross (present day Arcadia, New Brunswick) and Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas.
733:
had been destroyed (1755), when the British arrived, a few militia members fired shots from the site and fled upstream in boats. The armed sloop Providence was wrecked in the Reversing Falls trying to follow.
474:
dit Bellefontaine. There were about 100 Acadian families on the Saint John River, with a large concentration at Ste Anne. Most of them had taken refuge there from earlier deportation operations, such as the
1638:
List of the names of the members of honourable Acadien families of military officers who are currently living in Cherbourg (Normandy, France), Acadians At Cherbourg, 1967, Université de Moncton Copied Records
1966:
Joseph Rôbinau de Villebon, Acadia at the end of the seventeenth century; letters, journals and memoirs of Joseph Robineau de Villebon ... J. C. Webster, édit. (Saint-Jean, N.-B., 1934), 99, 149, 154.—
911:, where they received 300 French Livres of annual revenue as compensation (In response to Hazen scalping Godin's family members, General Amherst stated that Hazen had "sullied his merit with me".)
563:
from landing to acquire an oath of allegiance. His rangers were fired upon killing three of the rangers and wounding three, while Gorham took two Mi'kmaq prisoner. In 1749, at the beginning of
263:
584:
926:, on 8 September the Acadian militia ambushed the British rangers. This victory for the Acadian militia resulted in the deaths of at least 9 rangers and three severely wounded.
529:, the British sought to neutralize any military threat Acadians posed and to interrupt the vital supply lines Acadians provided to Louisbourg by deporting Acadians from Acadia.
935:
1865:
Campbell, Gary. The Road to Canada: The Grand Communications Route from Saint John to Quebec. Goose Lane Editions and the New Brunswick Military Heritage Project. 2005
256:
859:. When the Acadians realized the British were going to continue their advance, most of them retreated to the Maliseet village at Aukpaque (Ecoupag) for protection.
144:
851:
and went back to Fort Frederick, and afterwards sailed for Halifax with thirty Acadian families as prisoners. Major Robert Morris was put in charge of the fort.
614:. Cobb returned to Halifax with the news and was ordered by Governor Charles Lawrence to blockade the harbour until Captain William Kensey arrived in the warship
979:, who commanded the garrison at Saint John, was unsuccessful in removing the remaining Acadians from the Saint John River in preparation for the arrival of the
532:
249:
2059:
636:
knew that he faced a superior force so he burned the fort, however, he maintained control of the river through guerrilla warfare. The destruction of
180:
660:
633:
607:
568:
536:
467:
169:
1901:
An Outline of the History of Central New Brunswick to the Time of Confederation, 1937. (Republish in 1984 by the York-Sunbury Historical Society.)
968:
on September 18, 1759, the resistance ended. The Maliseet and Acadians of the Saint John River surrendered to the British at Fort Frederick and
741:. Establishing Fort Frederick allowed the British to virtually cut off the communications and supplies to the villages on the Saint John River.
1072:
2089:
1674:
241:
787:
738:
707:
233:
957:
In the spring of 1759 twenty-nine of the refugees from the Saint John River area went farther up the St. Lawrence to the area around
2054:
863:
killing 212 horses, about 5 head of cattle, a large number of hogs and so forth. They also burned the church (located just west of
486:
According to one historian, the level of Acadian suffering greatly increased in the late summer of 1758. Along with campaigns on
2084:
1002:
552:
548:
229:
1106:
Note that John Faragher in the Great and Nobel Scheme indicates that Monckton had a force of 2000 men for this campaign. p. 405.
1919:
1883:
1309:
A Particular History of the Five Years French and Indian War in New England ... By Samuel Gardner Drake, William Shirlep. 174
1212:
1189:
323:
1797:
Patterson, Stephen E. (Autumn 1993). "Indian-White Relations in Nova Scotia, 1749-1761: A Study in Political Interaction".
800:
711:
491:
358:
764:(Bellefontaine) chose to remain in Ste-Anne to defend their lands despite the English advances and numerical superiority.
2064:
2049:
1983:
1758:
1321:
946:
epidemic broke out, killing over 300 Acadian refugees in the region. Some returned to St. John only to be imprisoned on
2079:
864:
1596:
1376:
1351:
1326:
1281:
1033:
992:
596:
511:
221:
1977:
1963:
Placide Gaudet, "Acadian genealogy and notes," PAC Report, 1905, II, pt.Template:Iii, 140, 241. N.S. Archives, III
965:
405:
318:
293:
74:
2099:
2094:
1647:
There are other primary sources that support his assertions. A letter from Fort Frederick which was printed in
560:
934:
Due to the campaign targeting their supplies, the remaining Acadians in the area experienced famine. Governor
606:, Cobb discovered the French schooner Marguerite (Margarett), taking war supplies to the Saint John River for
579:
after withdrawing from the mouth of the Saint John River under the terms of an agreement arranged by Captain
333:
1308:
947:
659:
resistance to the British military in the region. The leader of the resistance was French militia officer
652:
328:
271:
1269:
847:) because of the impending winter. Then, afraid of being trapped by the frozen river, he turned around at
625:
303:
1601:
1381:
1356:
1346:
1331:
1038:
875:
827:, and burned it to the ground. Then he returned to Fort Frederick at the mouth of the Saint John River.
757:
417:
111:
2074:
2069:
1749:
Plank, p. 62, p. 66; Campbell, p. 31 (note that Campbell reports five rangers killed and eight wounded)
1712:
1669:
1295:
867:). Only a handful of Acadians were found in the area, most had already fled north with their families.
848:
844:
745:
675:
521:
499:
421:
348:
343:
273:
2002:
1724:
804:
777:
679:
648:
603:
564:
515:
452:
338:
20:
997:
737:
Monckton established a new base of operations by reconstructing Fort Menagoueche, which he renamed
664:
433:
136:
1654:
1393:
683:
587:
when the French reestablished their control and fortified the mouth of the Saint John River with
487:
476:
353:
1837:
1181:
1175:
404:
led a force of 1150 British soldiers to destroy the Acadian settlements along the banks of the
1258:
796:
456:
2014:
1907:
1200:
1171:
914:
April 22, 1759, the Acadian militia took a ranger prisoner who was outside of Fort Frederick.
1056:
879:
824:
773:
668:
641:
526:
460:
455:), where the British built Fort Frederick. Then they moved up the river and raided Grimross (
397:
378:
373:
313:
308:
298:
278:
198:
37:
1873:
671:(1755). He was also responsible to locate the Acadian refugees along the Saint John River.
451:, the British started at the bottom of the river with raiding Kennebecasis and Managoueche (
1989:
1960:
AD, Calvados (Caen), C 1020, mémoire de Joseph Bellefontaine, dit Beauséjour, 15 janv. 1774
1699:
980:
811:
On October 1, Monckton left Fort Frederick with his boats, regulars, and rangers above the
687:
656:
640:
left Louisbourg as the last French fort in Acadia. Boishebert made his first strike in the
556:
225:
1651:
on 2 April 1759 provides some additional details of the behavior of the rangers. Also see
958:
547:
The Saint John River residents had always proven effective at resisting the British. The
8:
2029:
1945:
1028:
905:
718:
655:. During the expulsion, the Saint John River valley became the center of the Acadian and
495:
363:
203:
1940:
By Stephen Hornsby, John G. Reid. McGill-Queen's University Press. 2005. pp. 59–73
1925:
1806:
1625:
1371:
1218:
1066:
726:
691:
615:
441:
213:
1591:
975:
In 1761, there were 42 Acadians at St Ann and 10–12 at Grimross. In 1762, Lieutenant
969:
922:
The September expedition involved more than 90 men. At present-day French Lake on the
1993:
1936:
Plank, Geoffrey. "New England Soldiers in the Saint John River Valley: 1758-1760" in
1915:
1879:
1678:
1208:
1185:
976:
729:) left Halifax and arrived at the mouth of the Saint John River a week later. While
722:
208:
1929:
1222:
730:
637:
611:
588:
163:
148:
2019:
1172:"Indian-White Relations in Nova Scotia, 1749-61: A Study in Political Interaction"
1947:
The River St. John: Its Physical Features, Legends and History, from 1604 to 1784
1833:
1656:
The River St. John: Its Physical Features, Legends and History, from 1604 to 1784
1389:
951:
812:
576:
401:
106:
50:
1249:
Geoffrey Plank. An Unsettled Conquest. University of Pennsylvania. 2001. p. 100.
870:
408:
until they reached the largest village of Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas (present day
1725:"[Seven Years' War journal of the proceedings of the 35th Regiment of Foot"
923:
749:
425:
939:
2043:
448:
413:
131:
116:
78:
2024:
717:
On September 13, 1758, Monckton and a strong force of regulars and rangers (
45:
753:
592:
471:
429:
174:
126:
1894:
Fredericton History; Two Centuries of Romance, War, Privation and Struggle
1682:
856:
437:
409:
121:
1810:
942:
in 1759. During this same winter, Quebec also suffered a famine and a
843:
Monckton did not continue on to Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas (present day
1695:
1296:"Selections from the public documents of the province of Nova Scotia"
883:
629:
580:
572:
1868:
Faragher, John. A Great and Nobel Scheme. Norton. 2005. p. 405.
835:
1995:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
1938:
New England and the Maritime provinces: connections and comparisons
943:
480:
1984:
Diary of Sgt. John Burrell. New England Historical Society 1905
908:
628:(1755), Robert Monckton sent a detachment under the command of
583:
and Edward How. The fort was subsequently abandoned in 1751 by
1694:
The scalping of Acadians in this instance was unique for the
1950:. Saint John, New Brunswick: John A. Bowes. pp. 96–107.
1659:. Saint John, New Brunswick: John A. Bowes. pp. 96–107.
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
793:
A View of the Plundering and Burning of the City of Grimross
1580:
Burt G. Loescher. Rogers Rangers: First Green Berets, p. 71
1556:
Burt G. Loescher. Rogers Rangers: First Green Berets, p. 70
1177:
The Acadiensis Reader: Atlantic Canada Before Confederation
1956:
Le village acadien de la Pointe-Sainte-Anne (Fredericton),
1431:
1429:
1174:. In P.A. Buckner; Gail G. Campbell; David Frank (eds.).
1079:
416:) in February 1759. Monckton was accompanied by Captain
1875:
The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760
1139:
936:
Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal
602:
In April 1755, while searching for a wrecked vessel at
1475:
1463:
1442:
1426:
1414:
1402:
893:
Godin's official statement to the French Crown states:
803:
in 1758. This is the only contemporaneous image of the
1058:
The History of Rogers' Rangers: The First Green Berets
904:
He and his wife spent the remainder of their lives in
463:, and finally they reached Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas.
53:, British commander in the Saint John River campaign
961:, where they successfully established a community.
830:
823:Two days later, Monckton arrived at the village of
748:, which had three companies that were commanded by
1151:
1914:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 125–155.
1908:"1744–1763: Colonial Wars and Aboriginal Peoples"
1322:"Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot, Charles"
1201:"1744–1763: Colonial Wars and Aboriginal Peoples"
2041:
2030:Major George Scott and the French and Indian War
1842:. Vol. II. Halifax: J. Barnes. p. 403.
1398:. Vol. II. Halifax: J. Barnes. p. 258.
1123:
1121:
690:), and the removal of Acadians from Ile Royale (
2015:Acadians on the St. John River by Stephen White
1912:The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History
1380:. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.).
1205:The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History
1600:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
1564:
1562:
1355:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
1330:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
1037:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
661:Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
468:Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
466:The Acadian militia was led by French officer
170:Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
1998:. Vol. 10. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co.
1236:
1234:
1232:
1118:
706:St. John River campaign: The construction of
502:, the British targeted the Saint John River.
257:
2025:L. M. B. Maxwell – The Journey to Saint Anne
1736:
1734:
1649:Parker's New York Gazette or Weekly Post-Boy
1207:. University of Toronto Press. p. 144.
744:Monckton was accompanied by the New England
1910:. In Phillip Buckner; John G. Reid (eds.).
1559:
1282:"Documentary history of the state of Maine"
1203:. In Phillip Buckner; John G. Reid (eds.).
1180:(3rd ed.). Acadiensis Press. pp.
938:reported that 1,600 Acadians immigrated to
1592:"Godin, Bellefontaine, Beauséjour, Joseph"
1344:
1229:
1071:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
264:
250:
2060:Military history of the Thirteen Colonies
2035:St. John River Campaign – primary sources
1905:
1796:
1731:
1685:. (See Grenier, p.152, Faragher, p. 405).
1198:
1169:
1988:
1589:
1481:
1469:
1448:
1420:
1408:
1369:
1054:
869:
834:
786:
701:
531:
1943:
1871:
1832:
1652:
1568:
1501:, pp. 199–200; F. Thériault, p. 11
1498:
1388:
1319:
1270:Pennsylvania Gazette September 21, 1749
1157:
1145:
1094:
1050:
1048:
1026:
1003:Military history of the Maliseet people
591:. In 1749, Boishebert assigned Acadian
2042:
19:For the 1777 American expedition, see
559:, the Acadians and Mi'kmaq prevented
505:
245:
16:Campaign of the French and Indian War
2090:Battles of the French and Indian War
1859:
1571:, p. 202; Also see Plank, p. 61
1061:. San Mateo, California. p. 34.
1045:
1839:A History of Nova-Scotia, Or Acadie
1395:A History of Nova-Scotia, Or Acadie
782:
13:
1971:
1347:"Aubert de Gaspé, Ignace-Philippe"
275:Seven Years' War in North America:
14:
2111:
2008:
1594:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1374:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1349:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1324:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1298:. Halifax, N.S., C. Annand. 1869.
1031:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
865:Old Government House, Fredericton
818:
697:
2003:War journal of the 35th Regiment
1878:. University of Oklahoma Press.
1597:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1377:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1352:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1327:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1055:Loescher, Burt Garfield (1969).
1034:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
993:Military history of the Acadians
831:Raid on Sainte-Anne des Pays-Bas
512:Military history of the Acadians
44:
2055:Military history of New England
1846:
1826:
1817:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1752:
1743:
1717:
1706:
1688:
1663:
1641:
1632:
1618:
1608:
1583:
1574:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1513:
1504:
1487:
1454:
1363:
1338:
1313:
1302:
1288:
1274:
1263:
1252:
1243:
1163:
929:
585:Ignace-Philippe Aubert de Gaspé
575:at St. John. Boishébert built
2085:Indigenous conflicts in Canada
1906:Patterson, Stephen E. (1994).
1199:Patterson, Stephen E. (1994).
1170:Patterson, Stephen E. (1998).
1130:
1109:
1100:
1027:Johnson, Micheline D. (1979).
1020:
686:(campaign against present-day
593:Joseph Godin dit Bellefontaine
571:rebuked British naval officer
1:
1493:Roger Sarty and Doug Knight.
1435:Roger Sarty and Doug Knight.
1370:Blakeley, Phyllis R. (1974).
1008:
839:St. John River, New Brunswick
479:. There were also about 1000
65:November 1758 – February 1759
1345:Castonguay, Jacques (1979).
1320:Leblanc, Phyllis E. (1979).
653:Bay of Fundy campaign (1755)
7:
1602:University of Toronto Press
1382:University of Toronto Press
1357:University of Toronto Press
1332:University of Toronto Press
1039:University of Toronto Press
1013:
986:
767:
447:Under the naval command of
10:
2116:
2065:Conflicts in New Brunswick
2050:Military history of Acadia
845:Fredericton, New Brunswick
771:
676:Siege of Louisbourg (1758)
632:to take Fort Menagoueche.
509:
500:Petitcodiac River campaign
18:
1590:MacBeath, George (1979).
1495:Saint John Fortifications
1437:Saint John Fortifications
805:expulsion of the Acadians
791:St. John River campaign:
778:Expulsion of the Acadians
680:Expulsion of the Acadians
678:, the second wave of the
626:Battle of Fort Beauséjour
516:Expulsion of the Acadians
289:
280:The French and Indian War
189:
97:
57:
43:
35:
31:Saint John River campaign
30:
21:St. John River expedition
2080:Conflicts in Nova Scotia
1944:Raymond, Wm. O. (1910).
1769:G. Desilets., pp. 14-15.
1675:colonial administrations
1653:Raymond, Wm. O. (1910).
998:History of New Brunswick
692:Cape Breton, Nova Scotia
665:Raid on Lunenburg (1756)
647:The first wave of these
599:in the St. John Region.
684:Ile Saint-Jean campaign
651:began in 1755 with the
525:Beausejour. During the
477:Ile Saint-Jean campaign
420:as well as New England
394:St. John River campaign
1872:Grenier, John (2008).
900:
886:
840:
808:
797:Arcadia, New Brunswick
714:
624:Immediately after the
565:Father Le Loutre's War
540:
457:Arcadia, New Brunswick
98:Commanders and leaders
2100:1759 in North America
2095:1758 in North America
1990:Brodhead, John Romeyn
1787:John Faragher, p. 412
1700:New England colonists
1547:[F. Thériault, p. 15.
895:
880:John Singleton Copley
873:
838:
825:Jemseg, New Brunswick
790:
774:French and Indian War
705:
669:Battle of Petitcodiac
642:Battle of Petitcodiac
551:, from their base at
535:
527:French and Indian War
398:French and Indian War
199:40th Regiment of Foot
38:French and Indian War
2020:Le Grand DĂ©rangement
1930:10.3138/j.ctt15jjfrm
1778:G. Desilets, p. 15.]
1713:Amherst May 29, 1759
1223:10.3138/j.ctt15jjfrm
981:New England Planters
688:Prince Edward Island
657:Wabanaki Confederacy
492:Gulf of St. Lawrence
396:occurred during the
359:Gulf of St. Lawrence
226:Wabanaki Confederacy
1954:Thériault, Fidèle.
1670:New England Rangers
1097:, pp. 199–200.
319:2nd Northeast Coast
294:1st Northeast Coast
1892:Macfarlane, W. G.
1148:, pp. 19–200.
1029:"Germain, Charles"
887:
841:
809:
715:
541:
522:Conquest of Acadia
506:Historical context
453:City of Saint John
283:, Atlantic theater
2075:Conflicts in 1759
2070:Conflicts in 1758
1921:978-1-4875-1676-5
1885:978-0-8061-3876-3
1860:Secondary sources
1679:Thirteen Colonies
1214:978-1-4875-1676-5
1191:978-0-919107-44-1
1136:Patterson, p. 126
977:Gilfred Studholme
959:BĂ©cancour, Quebec
557:King George's War
387:
386:
349:Petitcodiac River
240:
239:
93:
92:
2107:
1999:
1951:
1933:
1899:Maxwell, L.M.B.
1889:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1834:Murdoch, Beamish
1830:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1692:
1686:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1433:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1390:Murdoch, Beamish
1385:
1372:"Cobb, Silvanus"
1367:
1361:
1360:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1317:
1311:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1227:
1226:
1195:
1167:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1116:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1062:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1024:
783:Raid on Grimross
731:Fort Menagoueche
719:Gorham's Rangers
638:Fort Menagoueche
612:Fort Menagoueche
589:Fort Menagoueche
549:Maliseet militia
406:Saint John River
284:
281:
276:
266:
259:
252:
243:
242:
230:Maliseet militia
204:Gorham's Rangers
164:Joseph Broussard
153:
75:Saint John River
59:
58:
48:
28:
27:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2040:
2039:
2011:
1974:
1972:Primary sources
1922:
1886:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1852:Campbell, p. 31
1851:
1847:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1707:
1693:
1689:
1668:
1664:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1609:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1529:Campbell, p. 29
1528:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1497:. 2003. p. 31;
1492:
1488:
1482:Brodhead (1858)
1480:
1476:
1470:Brodhead (1858)
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1449:Brodhead (1858)
1447:
1443:
1434:
1427:
1421:Brodhead (1858)
1419:
1415:
1409:Brodhead (1858)
1407:
1403:
1386:
1368:
1364:
1343:
1339:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1230:
1215:
1196:
1192:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:Maxwell, p. 25.
1126:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1080:
1064:
1063:
1053:
1046:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1011:
989:
970:Fort Cumberland
952:Halifax Harbour
932:
833:
821:
813:Reversing Falls
785:
780:
772:Main articles:
770:
727:Rogers' Rangers
700:
682:began with the
597:Acadian militia
577:Fort Boishebert
518:
510:Main articles:
508:
442:Rogers' Rangers
402:Robert Monckton
390:
389:
388:
383:
285:
279:
274:
272:
270:
234:Mi'kmaq militia
224:
218:
214:Roger's Rangers
185:
181:Charles Germain
157:
149:
141:Jonathan Brewer
107:Robert Monckton
89:British victory
81:
51:Robert Monckton
49:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2113:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2010:
2009:External links
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1986:
1981:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1952:
1941:
1934:
1920:
1903:
1897:
1890:
1884:
1869:
1866:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1845:
1825:
1816:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1762:
1751:
1742:
1730:
1716:
1705:
1687:
1662:
1640:
1631:
1617:
1607:
1582:
1573:
1569:Grenier (2008)
1558:
1549:
1540:
1538:Maxwell, p. 25
1531:
1522:
1512:
1503:
1499:Grenier (2008)
1486:
1484:, p. 427.
1474:
1472:, p. 409.
1462:
1453:
1451:, p. 380.
1441:
1425:
1423:, p. 408.
1413:
1411:, p. 358.
1401:
1362:
1337:
1312:
1301:
1287:
1273:
1262:
1251:
1242:
1228:
1213:
1190:
1162:
1158:Grenier (2008)
1150:
1146:Grenier (2008)
1138:
1129:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1095:Grenier (2008)
1078:
1044:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
988:
985:
966:fall of Quebec
948:Georges Island
931:
928:
924:Oromocto River
832:
829:
820:
819:Raid on Jemseg
817:
784:
781:
769:
766:
750:Joseph Goreham
739:Fort Frederick
723:Danks' Rangers
708:Fort Frederick
699:
698:Fort Frederick
696:
507:
504:
488:Ile Saint-Jean
426:Joseph Goreham
385:
384:
382:
381:
376:
371:
369:St. John River
366:
361:
356:
354:Ile Saint-Jean
351:
346:
344:2nd Louisbourg
341:
336:
331:
329:1st Louisbourg
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
290:
287:
286:
269:
268:
261:
254:
246:
238:
237:
222:Acadia militia
219:
217:
216:
211:
209:Danks' Rangers
206:
201:
195:
192:
191:
190:Units involved
187:
186:
184:
183:
178:
177:dit Beauséjour
172:
167:
160:
158:
156:
155:
142:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
103:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
77:, present-day
73:
71:
67:
66:
63:
55:
54:
41:
40:
33:
32:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2112:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1849:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1820:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1784:
1775:
1766:
1760:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1735:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1644:
1635:
1627:
1626:"Septentrion"
1621:
1611:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1577:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1516:
1507:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1460:Plank, p. 150
1457:
1450:
1445:
1439:. 2003. p. 29
1438:
1432:
1430:
1422:
1417:
1410:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1366:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1297:
1291:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1255:
1246:
1240:Plank, p. 164
1237:
1235:
1233:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1112:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1051:
1049:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1023:
1019:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
984:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
962:
960:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
927:
925:
919:
915:
912:
910:
907:
902:
899:
894:
891:
885:
881:
877:
872:
868:
866:
860:
858:
852:
850:
846:
837:
828:
826:
816:
814:
806:
802:
801:Thomas Davies
798:
795:(present day
794:
789:
779:
775:
765:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
742:
740:
735:
732:
728:
724:
720:
713:
712:Thomas Davies
709:
704:
695:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
645:
643:
639:
635:
634:De Boishebert
631:
627:
622:
620:
619:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
538:
534:
530:
528:
523:
517:
513:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
473:
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:Silvanus Cobb
445:
443:
439:
435:
434:William Stark
432:, as well as
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:New Brunswick
411:
407:
403:
400:when Colonel
399:
395:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
339:2nd Lunenburg
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
324:1st Lunenburg
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
291:
288:
282:
277:
267:
262:
260:
255:
253:
248:
247:
244:
235:
231:
227:
223:
220:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
196:
194:
193:
188:
182:
179:
176:
173:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
159:
154:
152:
146:
143:
140:
138:
137:William Stark
135:
133:
132:Silvanus Cobb
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
117:Joseph Gorham
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
102:
101:
96:
88:
85:
84:
80:
79:New Brunswick
76:
72:
69:
68:
64:
61:
60:
56:
52:
47:
42:
39:
34:
29:
22:
1994:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1911:
1900:
1893:
1874:
1848:
1838:
1828:
1823:Plank, p. 62
1819:
1805:(1): 23–59.
1802:
1798:
1792:
1783:
1774:
1765:
1754:
1745:
1740:Plank, p. 66
1719:
1708:
1690:
1665:
1655:
1648:
1643:
1634:
1620:
1610:
1595:
1585:
1576:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1515:
1510:Plank, p. 68
1506:
1494:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1456:
1444:
1436:
1416:
1404:
1394:
1375:
1365:
1350:
1340:
1325:
1315:
1304:
1290:
1276:
1265:
1254:
1245:
1204:
1176:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1132:
1115:Plank, p. 61
1111:
1102:
1057:
1032:
1022:
974:
963:
956:
933:
930:Consequences
920:
916:
913:
903:
901:
896:
892:
888:
876:George Scott
861:
853:
842:
822:
810:
792:
762:
758:George Scott
754:Benoni Danks
743:
736:
716:
673:
649:deportations
646:
623:
617:
604:Port La Tour
601:
595:to lead the
546:
542:
520:The British
519:
485:
472:Joseph Godin
470:and Acadian
465:
446:
430:Benoni Danks
418:George Scott
393:
391:
368:
334:Bloody Creek
309:Bay of Fundy
175:Joseph Godin
166:(Beausoliel)
150:
145:John McCurdy
127:Benoni Danks
112:George Scott
36:Part of the
1683:Nova Scotia
1284:. Portland.
940:Québec City
882:(c. 1758),
857:Moses Hazen
849:Maugerville
561:John Gorham
438:Moses Hazen
410:Fredericton
374:Restigouche
314:Petitcodiac
122:Moses Hazen
2044:Categories
1799:Acadiensis
1009:References
964:After the
752:, Captain
710:(1758) by
674:After the
608:Boishebert
569:Boishebert
537:Boishebert
498:, and the
496:Cape Sable
440:, both of
428:, Captain
379:St. John's
364:Cape Sable
1696:Maritimes
1067:cite book
906:Cherbourg
884:The Brook
630:John Rous
581:John Rous
573:John Rous
490:, in the
304:Chignecto
1992:(1858).
1836:(1866).
1811:30303469
1392:(1866).
1014:Endnotes
987:See also
944:smallpox
874:Captain
768:Campaign
667:and the
553:Meductic
544:region.
481:Maliseet
299:Cape Ray
70:Location
1727:. 1757.
1387:•
1197:•
1182:105-106
746:Rangers
618:Vulture
424:led by
422:Rangers
151:†
1928:
1918:
1896:, 1981
1882:
1809:
1221:
1211:
1188:
909:France
539:(1753)
461:Jemseg
147:
86:Result
1926:JSTOR
1807:JSTOR
1759:p.352
1259:p.574
1219:JSTOR
799:) by
494:, at
1979:165.
1916:ISBN
1880:ISBN
1681:and
1209:ISBN
1186:ISBN
1073:link
776:and
756:and
725:and
616:HMS
514:and
436:and
392:The
232:and
62:Date
1677:in
950:in
878:by
610:at
459:),
2046::
1967:L.
1924:.
1803:23
1801:.
1733:^
1698:.
1561:^
1428:^
1231:^
1217:.
1184:.
1120:^
1081:^
1069:}}
1065:{{
1047:^
954:.
760:.
721:,
644:.
567:,
483:.
444:.
412:,
1932:.
1888:.
1813:.
1628:.
1604:.
1384:.
1359:.
1334:.
1225:.
1194:.
1160:.
1075:)
1041:.
807:.
265:e
258:t
251:v
236:)
228:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
