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fish. Platy young are first seen at approx 7mm long and will use cover to hide from predators and to look for food. Specialist fry food is available but any flake food, frozen or live food that floats their way will be easily consumed. These require excellent water quality and care must be taken to avoid fry being sucked up into a gravel cleaning syphon. A thin membrane covering the syphon opening such as a clean pair of tights will minimise this.
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In captivity, they reach maturity in three to four months, and breed readily, the females giving birth to about 20–40 young at a time. Often young are eaten by the adults or other inhabitants of a communal aquarium but given plants and gravel to hide in, some will probably survive as these are hardy
498:; an unnamed tributary to Big Branch Bayou in Lacombe, Louisiana; Beaverhead Rock Pond (Madison County), Montana; Clark County, Nevada; and Texas. It has also been collected in the Loiza drainage near Loiza Reservoir, Quebrada Honda, and Rio Abajo Forest Station north of Utuado in Puerto Rico.
501:
The southern platyfish has been released probably due to fish farm or aquarium releases. Specimens in
Louisiana were collected near a tropical fish farm. Southern platies, and other introduced poeciliids, have been implicated in the decline of native damselflies on Oahu, Hawaii. Often the
611:, so caudal extension is not the sole differentiator and it is clear that decades of selective breeding have reinforced, within each captive strain, the appropriate or typical - and therefore desired - body shape of the name types.) Color and fin shape vary wildly in the aquarium trade.
603:. In general, if the male has a sword-shaped tail, they are called swordtails. Otherwise, they are labeled platy. (However, this basic assessment does not take into consideration the undeniable fact that the majority of fishes sold as 'platies' do share the same stout form as the wild
695:, likely acting in concert, can activate the male-determining gene located on the W chromosome. This activation can result in WW, WX, and even WY individuals developing as males. The
430:
614:
A common statement in the trade is that it is harder to stop them breeding than to make them do so, with ‘surprise’ fry appearing in community tanks regularly.
638:
The southern platyfish has three sex chromosomes W, X, and Y, that interact with autosomal genes. This creates a highly complex sex determination system.
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distributions of the damselflies and introduced fishes were found to be mutually exclusive, probably resulting from competition for limited insect food.
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allele interacts with a specific variant of the Y chromosome (designated as Y') to promote female development in some XY individuals.
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Breeders have developed a multitude of color varieties (e.g. orange, red, yellow, red/black, and black/white) which are common
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684:), activate the male-determining gene on the X chromosome. This leads to the development of XX males.
607:, whilst aquarium 'hybrid' swordtail strains likewise share the longer, larger body-form of the wild
482:
This species has been recorded from Orange County, California, near
Westminster; near a fish farm in
20:
382:) and can interbreed with it. It is native to an area of North and Central America stretching from
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Platies are easy to keep and well suited to a community aquarium. They prefer water with a 7.0–8.0
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The southern platyfish grows to a maximum overall length of 6.0 centimetres (2.4 in).
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417:. The female southern platyfish's anal fin is fan shaped. Wild varieties are drab in
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668:) found on the W chromosome, allowing XY and YY individuals to develop as males.
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There are 4 autosomal alleles that intervene in the sex determination system:
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1121:, provides insights into evolutionary adaptation and several complex traits"
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661:) on the Y chromosome. This explains why WY individuals develop as females.
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1020:
Leo Nico; Pam Fuller; Matt
Neilson & Bill Loftus (17 September 2017).
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Usually female, but can be male under the influence of autosomal factors
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prefers slow-moving waters of canals, ditches, and warm springs.
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factor appears to specifically suppress the W-linked suppressor (
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1053:"Platyfish: Versatile Animals for the Laboratory and Classroom"
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This article is about the freshwater fish. For other uses, see
994:"Southern Platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) - Species Profile"
467:
1091:"Demystifying The Varying Degrees Of Swordtails And Platies"
591:
The fish commonly sold in pet shops is not a pure strain of
584:, and a temperature range of 18–25 °C (64–77 °F).
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766:
Usually Male, but can be female with the Y' chromosome and
657:) that inhibits the activity of the male-determining gene (
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The Y chromosome carries a dominant male-determining gene (
421:, lacking the distinctive dark lateral line common to many
581:
1030:
Nonindigenous
Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL
646:), which is thought to be homologous to the mammalian
577:
460:
The southern platyfish is commonly known simply as the
1170:"A New Look at Sex Determination in Poeciliid Fishes"
1212:"A comparative view on sex determination in medaka"
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1168:Kallman, Klaus D. (1984), Turner, Bruce J. (ed.),
1115:Schartl M, Walter RB, Shen Y, et al. (2013).
466:(pl. platys or platies), from the fish's original
1114:
1691:
950:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T191784A2003232.en
1176:, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 95–171,
664:The X chromosome lacks the suppressor gene (
653:The W chromosome carries a suppressor gene (
477:
924:
544:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
438:, its diet includes both plants and small
184:
162:
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1227:
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972:"Xiphophorus maculatus - (Günther, 1866)"
948:
564:Learn how and when to remove this message
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
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490:drainage, Colorado; several counties in
1290:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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1750:Freshwater fish of the United States
1700:IUCN Red List data deficient species
542:adding citations to reliable sources
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409:of the male fish has evolved into a
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
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936:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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834:Female ‘Twin Bar’ or ‘Comet’ platy
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650:gene located on the Y chromosome.
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1308:United States Geological Survey
1174:Evolutionary Genetics of Fishes
715:Sex chromosome combinations in
580:, a water hardness of 9.0–19.0
374:, it is closely related to the
147:Female ‘rainbow wagtail’ platy
41:needs additional citations for
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1117:"The genome of the platyfish,
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676:A recessive autosomal factor
1745:Taxa named by Albert Günther
1057:The American Biology Teacher
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1182:10.1007/978-1-4684-4652-4_3
894:Red ‘Salt and Pepper’ platy
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1705:NatureServe secure species
822:Male platy with gonopodium
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595:, but is a hybrid between
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1735:Freshwater fish of Mexico
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1229:10.1016/j.mod.2004.03.001
1216:Mechanisms of Development
1051:Hamilton, Thomas (1981).
478:Nonindigenous occurrences
405:being more pointed. The
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204:Scientific classification
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1266:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1032:. U.S. Geological Survey
1622:Platypoecilus maculatus
1286:"Xiphophorus maculatus"
1280:. October 2004 version.
1210:Schartl M (July 2004).
630:was sequenced in 2013.
1740:Fish described in 1866
687:Two recessive alleles
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401:is slight, the male's
1395:Xiphophorus_maculatus
1382:Xiphophorus_maculatus
1368:Xiphophorus maculatus
1338:Xiphophorus maculatus
1270:Xiphophorus maculatus
1119:Xiphophorus maculatus
1024:Xiphophorus maculatus
943:: e.T191784A2003232.
929:Xiphophorus maculatus
717:Xiphophorus maculatus
628:Xiphophorus maculatus
345:Xiphophorus maculatus
313:Xiphophorus maculatus
925:Daniels, A. (2019).
538:improve this section
457:fish for hobbyists.
65:"Southern platyfish"
50:improve this article
719:
154:Conservation status
133:Southern platyfish
1720:Ovoviviparous fish
1304:Southern Platyfish
1079:– via JSTOR.
906:Female black platy
770:autosomal allele.
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368:Cyprinodontiformes
332:southern platyfish
261:Cyprinodontiformes
1730:Fish of Guatemala
1715:Live-bearing fish
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1592:Open Tree of Life
1330:Taxon identifiers
1191:978-1-4684-4652-4
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1026:(Günther, 1866)"
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974:. NatureServe
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858:Wagtail platy
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554:February 2015
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536:Please help
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43:verification
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1710:Xiphophorus
1553:NatureServe
1478:iNaturalist
1362:Wikispecies
956:19 November
609:X. hellerii
597:X. hellerii
440:crustaceans
423:Xiphophorus
380:X. hellerii
372:live-bearer
361:Poeciliidae
282:Xiphophorus
271:Poeciliidae
194:NatureServe
1694:Categories
1637:Q109540926
1295:9 December
1197:2024-08-04
1101:2022-11-30
1036:9 November
1003:2021-12-23
912:References
870:Blue platy
436:Omnivorous
419:coloration
411:gonopodium
403:caudal fin
76:newspapers
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1310:factsheet
723:Genotype
525:does not
431:maculatus
425:species.
289:Species:
227:Kingdom:
221:Eukaryota
1631:Wikidata
1558:2.105577
1496:11113312
1452:FishBase
1402:BioLib:
1353:Q1162971
1347:Wikidata
1277:FishBase
1246:17401686
1238:15210173
1155:23542700
618:Genetics
486:and the
455:aquarium
407:anal fin
384:Veracruz
340:moonfish
267:Family:
241:Chordata
237:Phylum:
231:Animalia
217:Domain:
174:IUCN 3.1
21:Moonfish
1664:2350174
1470:2350164
1319:Ensembl
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1095:BeChewy
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785:Gallery
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546:removed
531:sources
492:Florida
468:generic
450:worms.
448:annelid
444:insects
350:species
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257:Order:
247:Class:
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190:Secure
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624:genome
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470:name,
446:, and
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1242:S2CID
1073:JSTOR
778:Male
463:platy
370:. A
365:order
338:, or
97:JSTOR
83:books
1672:ITIS
1659:GBIF
1584:8083
1579:NCBI
1530:IUCN
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