403:
88:
588:
2481:
63:
254:
491:
1591:
2469:
545:
39:
607:
species and once paired up, they will defend their territories with warning calls. The size of their territory is between 4.9 and 43 hectares (12 and 106 acres). Nests are made in burrows, or sheltered beneath thick vegetation. The female lays 1–2 eggs, typically just 1, which the male incubates for
535:
Southern brown kiwi communicate vocally to aid in defending their territory. They will also sing duets with each other, with the male shrill "kee-wee" or "kee-kee" and the females hoarse " kurr kurr". Males are more vocal and they both call in an upright position with their legs stretched out and
551:
549:
546:
550:
518:. It has a length of 45 to 55 cm (18–22 in) and the female weighs 2.1 to 3.9 kg (4.6–8.6 lb) and the male weighs 1.6 to 2.8 kg (3.5–6.2 lb). Its bill is long and slender with a slight down-curve. Like other kiwis it is
548:
608:
90 days. After a few days the chick will exit the nest and feed on its own, although it may stay around parents for a year. When not incubating eggs, they roost alone in sheltered places at ground level.
559:
The southern brown kiwi has a long slender bill with lateral nostrils at the tip, which helps give them their keen sense of smell. They utilise this, more than sight and sound, to forage in dirt for
725:. Their range is temperate and sub-tropical forests, grassland, and shrubland, the denser the better. They are widespread throughout Stewart Island where they also live on the sand dunes.
547:
435:, with accession number NML-VZ D180. The specimen was collected by Captain Barclay at Dusky Sound, South Island, New Zealand and came to the Liverpool national collection via the
481:
is relatively common (20,000 birds) throughout its range, with about 17 birds per square kilometre. Its feathers are streaked lengthwise with reddish brown.
741:
status group. They have an occurrence range of 9,800 km (3,800 sq mi) and population of 27,000 was estimated in 1996. Brush-tailed possums,
2671:
1199:
2710:
773:
1134:
2810:
2645:
2684:
1056:
228:
2845:
2689:
2840:
2820:
1192:
1123:
1104:
2835:
2351:
2074:
801:
2715:
753:, will eat the eggs, while stoats and cats will eat chicks and juveniles. Adults are also under threat as dogs,
2302:
2297:
2292:
904:
761:
population is stable due to the lack of these predators, however stoats may have colonised the island in 2000.
1185:
905:"Checklist of the birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica"
2570:
2535:
2575:
442:
The southern brown kiwi is divided into two subspecies, with some conservationists arguing for a third:
2459:
2422:
1496:
848:
428:
2830:
2735:
2549:
2263:
87:
2381:
2275:
1842:
1830:
1895:
1883:
1631:
1116:
Latin Names
Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals
349:
240:
208:
2774:
2676:
2557:
2497:
2155:
1806:
1537:
2702:
2393:
1801:
1796:
1684:
2769:
2434:
2258:
2253:
2143:
1987:
1859:
1818:
1460:
769:
743:
192:
2761:
1142:
2725:
2619:
2562:
2084:
1769:
1397:
1296:
1224:
1208:
1012:
992:
470:), is rare (with only about 350 specimens left) and is characterised by its rufous plumage.
1007:
987:
942:
8:
2214:
2202:
1667:
1619:
1320:
1171:
825:
604:
474:
52:
2485:
2361:
2356:
2177:
2128:
2118:
1733:
1607:
1549:
1414:
1409:
1368:
1308:
1076:
738:
670:
459:
436:
266:
82:
67:
1590:
1165:
2756:
2593:
2405:
2376:
2366:
2339:
2312:
2226:
1970:
1931:
1689:
1431:
1419:
1385:
1356:
1344:
1284:
1236:
1119:
1100:
722:
447:
2825:
2815:
2787:
2439:
2410:
2329:
2243:
1999:
1982:
1561:
1272:
843:
2598:
2585:
2743:
2334:
2307:
1948:
1871:
1448:
749:
1099:. Vol. 8 (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 89–92.
424:
402:
2165:
2045:
2016:
2004:
1706:
1472:
777:
758:
714:
638:
345:
1679:
387:" relating to. The southern brown kiwi belongs to the kiwi family and it is a
2804:
2697:
2520:
2138:
2133:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2040:
834:
463:
139:
72:
2473:
2317:
2160:
2028:
1907:
1781:
1643:
1508:
1332:
560:
454:, with a population of approximately 15,000 birds is found on and near the
432:
337:
2748:
2658:
2529:
2123:
1958:
1745:
688:
587:
499:
341:
333:
169:
159:
149:
28:
2782:
2650:
2371:
1919:
1847:
1260:
1177:
568:
564:
2663:
253:
2632:
2057:
1786:
1757:
1484:
781:
718:
654:
519:
515:
507:
455:
99:
2611:
2491:
1443:
1380:
1036:
Mills, Laura (27 February 2018). "Drought kills Haast kiwi chicks".
603:
functions, allowing eggs from both ovaries to pass through. It is a
2637:
2514:
2280:
1532:
416:
119:
391:, and a member of the order Apterygiformes. Like all ratites, its
2544:
1573:
600:
596:
572:
503:
494:
Drawing of dissected specimen, with exposed muscles and wing-claw
490:
392:
2624:
575:
is weak, and underutilised due to the lack of plant matter. Its
458:
on the South Island of New
Zealand. A disjunct population, near
1520:
1248:
757:, and brush-tailed possums, attack them and the juveniles. The
754:
576:
439:'s collection which was bequeathed to the people of Liverpool.
396:
388:
109:
1095:
Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Kiwis". In
Hutchins, Michael (ed.).
819:
817:
815:
2606:
595:
The southern brown kiwi, like all kiwi, has two functioning
567:, beetle larvae, snails, crayfish, spiders, centipedes, and
2238:
1701:
812:
734:
522:. The colour of its plumage is rufous with some streaking.
511:
129:
1077:"Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Apteryx australis"
38:
2248:
1791:
395:
has no keel, it is flightless, and it has a distinctive
1054:
823:
2457:
764:
In 2018 a drought caused a poor breeding season for
1057:"Southern Brown Kiwi – BirdLife Species Factsheet"
849:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22678122A155418586.en
713:Southern brown kiwi live in the South Island and
2802:
940:
768:and killed three chicks; six were airlifted to
717:. On the mainland (South Island) they live in
502:, and its feathers have no aftershafts and no
1193:
1132:
466:or Haast brown kiwi (not to be confused with
2443:
2426:
2414:
2397:
2385:
2343:
2321:
2284:
2267:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2181:
2169:
2147:
2110:
2088:
2061:
2049:
2032:
2020:
2008:
1991:
1974:
1962:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1899:
1887:
1875:
1863:
1851:
1834:
1822:
1810:
1773:
1761:
1749:
1737:
1710:
1693:
1671:
1659:
1647:
1635:
1623:
1611:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1435:
1423:
1401:
1389:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1324:
1312:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1228:
772:near Dunedin, and then on to a "creche" on
1200:
1186:
579:are long and narrow and aid in digestion.
252:
61:
37:
847:
802:"Apteryx australis (southern brown kiwi)"
1207:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
586:
543:
489:
401:
261:The distribution of southern brown kiwi
1135:"Population status of the Tokoeka Kiwi"
2803:
1118:. London: Facts on File. p. 180.
1094:
1074:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
571:, as well as eels and amphibians. Its
410:NML-VZ D180 Holotype from World Museum
2496:
2495:
1181:
1113:
1035:
936:
934:
863:
2736:69b54b96-d234-42ec-9b00-af7e113b7322
902:
611:
352:, and still is by some authorities.
960:
835:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
733:In 2000, after being recognised by
555:Specimen foraging on Stewart Island
13:
1097:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
1020:
931:
14:
2857:
1158:
1075:Brands, Sheila (14 August 2008).
887:
2811:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
2479:
2467:
2352:North Island little spotted kiwi
1589:
1008:"Apteryx australis (Brown kiwi)"
988:"Apteryx australis (Brown kiwi)"
427:) is held in the collections of
344:. Until 2000 it was considered
86:
16:New Zealand endemic bird species
1055:BirdLife International (2016).
1029:
1000:
824:BirdLife International (2019).
728:
582:
530:
2303:North Island stout-legged wren
2298:South Island stout-legged wren
1114:Gotch, A.F. (1995) . "Kiwis".
980:
922:
896:
794:
618:Breeding Population and Trends
485:
425:Nat. Miscell., 24,1813, pl1057
1:
1048:
977:BirdLife International (2016)
910:(4th ed.). Te Papa Press
514:, and it has no tail, only a
363:is based on Greek and Latin.
2846:Endemic birds of New Zealand
941:Robertson, H.A. (May 2014).
787:
525:
7:
355:
287:Buller 1891 non-Hutton 1871
10:
2862:
2423:New Zealand owlet-nightjar
1497:South Island oystercatcher
903:Gill; et al. (2010).
884:Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
737:, they were placed in the
429:National Museums Liverpool
2841:Taxa named by George Shaw
2821:Birds of the South Island
2504:
2264:Auckland Island merganser
2193:
2073:
1947:
1722:
1598:
1587:
1215:
842:: e.T22678122A155418586.
272:
265:
260:
251:
221:
216:
198:
191:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
45:
36:
23:
2276:Chatham Island merganser
1843:Northern royal albatross
1831:New Zealand storm petrel
1081:Project: The Taxonomicon
947:New Zealand Birds Online
599:, however only the left
536:their bill pointing up.
234:(Stewart Island tokoeka)
2836:Birds described in 1813
1896:South Island saddleback
1884:North Island saddleback
1860:Orange-fronted parakeet
1632:North Island brown kiwi
1170:genome assembly in the
539:
451:, the Fiordland tokoeka
383:" the south wind, and "
350:North Island brown kiwi
46:Stewart Island tokoeka
2444:
2427:
2415:
2398:
2386:
2344:
2322:
2285:
2268:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2182:
2170:
2148:
2111:
2089:
2062:
2050:
2033:
2021:
2009:
1992:
1975:
1963:
1936:
1924:
1912:
1900:
1888:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1835:
1823:
1811:
1807:New Zealand fairy tern
1774:
1762:
1750:
1738:
1711:
1694:
1672:
1660:
1648:
1636:
1624:
1612:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1538:Variable oystercatcher
1525:
1513:
1501:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1436:
1424:
1402:
1390:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1325:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1133:Save the Kiwi (2008).
592:
556:
495:
412:
2770:Paleobiology Database
2435:New Zealand musk duck
2382:Scarlett's shearwater
2259:South Island adzebill
2254:North Island adzebill
2144:Erect-crested penguin
1988:Chatham oystercatcher
1819:New Zealand king shag
1461:New Zealand rock wren
943:"Southern brown kiwi"
770:Orokonui Ecosanctuary
744:Trichosurus vulpecula
590:
554:
493:
405:
2085:Antipodean albatross
2075:Subantarctic islands
1398:New Zealand dotterel
1297:Double-banded plover
1209:Birds of New Zealand
1026:Save the Kiwi (2008)
1013:Animal Diversity Web
993:Animal Diversity Web
2726:southern-brown-kiwi
2394:North Island takahē
2269:rakiraki maungahuka
2215:New Zealand bittern
2203:South Island piopio
2156:Reischek's parakeet
1802:South Island kōkako
1797:North Island kōkako
1685:South Island takahē
1668:Yellow-eyed penguin
1656:Southern brown kiwi
1620:Little spotted kiwi
1172:UCSC Genome Browser
928:Gotch, A. F. (1995)
620:
506:. There are large
316:southern brown kiwi
53:Conservation status
24:Southern brown kiwi
2362:South Island snipe
2357:North Island snipe
2178:Subantarctic snipe
2129:Campbell albatross
2119:Antipodes parakeet
2063:kawau o rangihaute
1734:Black-fronted tern
1608:Great spotted kiwi
1550:White-fronted tern
1415:North Island robin
1410:South Island robin
1369:Long-tailed cuckoo
1309:New Zealand falcon
616:
593:
557:
496:
437:13th Earl of Derby
413:
332:) is a species of
2798:
2797:
2788:Apteryx-australis
2757:Open Tree of Life
2536:Apteryx australis
2506:Apteryx australis
2498:Taxon identifiers
2455:
2454:
2406:New Zealand goose
2227:New Zealand quail
1971:Chatham albatross
1690:Fiordland penguin
1432:Paradise shelduck
1420:New Zealand scaup
1357:Sacred kingfisher
1345:Grey-faced petrel
1237:Black-billed gull
1038:Hokitika Guardian
893:Brands, S. (2008)
828:Apteryx australis
711:
710:
612:Range and habitat
552:
421:Apteryx australis
417:holotype specimen
408:Apteryx australis
361:Apteryx australis
329:Apteryx australis
312:
311:
306:
296:
288:
280:
279:(Rothschild 1893)
245:
233:
202:Apteryx australis
184:A. australis
76:
2853:
2831:Flightless birds
2791:
2790:
2778:
2777:
2765:
2764:
2752:
2751:
2739:
2738:
2729:
2728:
2719:
2718:
2706:
2705:
2693:
2692:
2680:
2679:
2667:
2666:
2654:
2653:
2641:
2640:
2628:
2627:
2615:
2614:
2602:
2601:
2589:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2566:
2565:
2553:
2552:
2550:6BA55EF02BE05C02
2540:
2539:
2538:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2493:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2463:
2447:
2440:New Zealand swan
2430:
2418:
2401:
2389:
2347:
2325:
2293:Long-billed wren
2288:
2271:
2234:
2222:
2210:
2185:
2173:
2151:
2114:
2092:
2065:
2053:
2036:
2024:
2012:
2000:Chatham parakeet
1995:
1983:Chatham gerygone
1978:
1966:
1939:
1927:
1915:
1903:
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1838:
1826:
1814:
1777:
1765:
1753:
1741:
1714:
1697:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1593:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1545:
1528:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1439:
1427:
1405:
1393:
1376:
1364:
1352:
1340:
1328:
1316:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1273:Buff-banded rail
1268:
1256:
1244:
1232:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1141:. Archived from
1129:
1110:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1004:
998:
997:
984:
978:
975:
958:
957:
955:
953:
938:
929:
926:
920:
919:
917:
915:
909:
900:
894:
891:
885:
882:
861:
860:
858:
856:
851:
821:
810:
809:
798:
621:
615:
553:
304:
294:
286:
278:
256:
246:(Haast tokoeka)
239:
226:
204:
91:
90:
70:
65:
64:
41:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2786:
2781:
2773:
2768:
2760:
2755:
2747:
2744:Observation.org
2742:
2734:
2732:
2724:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2701:
2696:
2688:
2683:
2675:
2670:
2662:
2657:
2649:
2644:
2636:
2631:
2623:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2597:
2592:
2584:
2582:
2574:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2548:
2543:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2500:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2468:
2466:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2335:Waitaha penguin
2330:Chatham penguin
2195:
2189:
2077:
2069:
1951:
1949:Chatham Islands
1943:
1872:Red-billed gull
1865:kākāriki karaka
1726:
1724:
1718:
1600:
1594:
1585:
1217:
1211:
1206:
1161:
1148:
1146:
1126:
1107:
1085:
1083:
1065:
1063:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1006:
1005:
1001:
986:
985:
981:
976:
961:
951:
949:
939:
932:
927:
923:
913:
911:
907:
901:
897:
892:
888:
883:
864:
854:
852:
822:
813:
800:
799:
795:
790:
750:Mustela erminea
731:
614:
585:
544:
542:
533:
528:
488:
468:Apteryx haastii
448:A. a. australis
358:
302:A. a. australis
295:Rothschild 1893
244:
237:A. a. australis
235:
232:
212:
206:
200:
187:
85:
77:
66:
62:
55:
32:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2859:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2779:
2766:
2753:
2740:
2730:
2720:
2707:
2694:
2681:
2668:
2655:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2603:
2590:
2580:
2567:
2554:
2541:
2526:
2510:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2489:
2488:
2476:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2437:
2432:
2420:
2408:
2403:
2391:
2379:
2377:Imber's petrel
2374:
2369:
2367:Forbes's snipe
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2340:Eyles' harrier
2337:
2332:
2327:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2278:
2273:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2224:
2212:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2175:
2166:Snares penguin
2163:
2158:
2153:
2149:tawaki nana hī
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2055:
2046:Magenta petrel
2043:
2038:
2026:
2017:Chatham pigeon
2014:
2005:Chatham petrel
2002:
1997:
1985:
1980:
1968:
1955:
1953:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
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2313:Chatham kākā
2308:Lyall's wren
2161:Snares snipe
2029:Chatham shag
1908:Shore plover
1782:Foveaux shag
1707:Blue penguin
1655:
1644:Okarito kiwi
1509:Spotted shag
1437:pūtangitangi
1333:Grey warbler
1166:
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1138:
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1080:
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1060:
1040:. p. 2.
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729:Conservation
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583:Reproduction
563:, including
558:
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531:Vocalisation
497:
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475:A. a. lawryi
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224:A. a. lawryi
223:
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170:
136:Infraclass:
18:
2659:iNaturalist
2530:Wikispecies
2486:New Zealand
2428:ruru hinapō
2124:Bounty shag
1959:Black robin
1746:Black stilt
1579:ngutuparore
1543:tōrea pango
1454:tītipounamu
1403:tūturiwhatu
1278:moho-pererū
855:13 November
774:Rona Island
689:New Zealand
681:Increasing
665:Decreasing
510:around its
500:preen gland
486:Description
371:" without "
346:conspecific
342:New Zealand
324:common kiwi
217:Subspecies
160:Apterygidae
29:Pleistocene
2805:Categories
2783:Xeno-canto
2416:manutahora
2372:Snipe-rail
2286:mātuhituhi
1932:Yellowhead
1920:Stitchbird
1848:Otago shag
1836:takahikare
1723:Endangered
1599:Flightless
1514:pārekareka
1326:pīwakawaka
1261:Brown teal
1086:4 February
1049:References
739:Vulnerable
627:Population
605:monogamous
569:orthoptera
565:earthworms
498:It has no
229:Rothschild
68:Vulnerable
2171:pokotiwha
2058:Pitt shag
1913:tūturuatu
1877:tarāpunga
1824:kawau tūī
1758:Blue duck
1739:tarapiroe
1567:pōpokotea
1562:Whitehead
1485:Silvereye
1164:View the
1061:Data Zone
788:Footnotes
782:Fiordland
719:Fiordland
706:Declining
655:Fiordland
526:Behaviour
520:nocturnal
516:pygostyle
508:vibrissae
456:Fiordland
377:australis
348:with the
305:Shaw 1813
178:Species:
106:Kingdom:
100:Eukaryota
2703:22678122
2677:10190393
2563:22678122
2558:BirdLife
2515:Wikidata
2281:Bushwren
2183:tutukiwi
1812:tara-iti
1770:Fernbird
1727:(flying)
1526:miromiro
1466:pīwauwau
1449:Rifleman
1391:pīhoihoi
1338:riroriro
1314:kārearea
1302:pohowera
1285:Dabchick
1242:tarāpuka
1230:korimako
1225:Bellbird
723:Westland
624:Location
591:Skeleton
504:barbules
379:" from "
356:Taxonomy
267:Synonyms
231:, 1893)
156:Family:
120:Chordata
116:Phylum:
110:Animalia
96:Domain:
73:IUCN 3.1
2826:Ratites
2816:Apteryx
2651:2495145
2625:1178363
2612:sobkiw1
2586:sobkiw1
2545:Avibase
2521:Q667778
2460:Portals
2345:kērangi
2220:kaoriki
2194:Extinct
2010:ranguru
1661:tokoeka
1574:Wrybill
1425:pāpango
1374:koekoeā
1321:Fantail
1167:aptMan1
952:16 June
755:ferrets
687:Total (
649:Stable
601:oviduct
597:ovaries
573:gizzard
393:sternum
367:means "
365:Apteryx
320:tokoeka
171:Apteryx
166:Genus:
146:Order:
126:Class:
71: (
31:-recent
2775:369211
2762:241834
2733:NZOR:
2723:NZBO:
2690:174394
2664:204465
2638:APTXAU
2387:ōiruki
2323:whēkau
2232:koreke
2208:piopio
1964:karure
1853:Matapo
1775:mātātā
1712:kororā
1695:tawaki
1680:Kākāpō
1521:Tomtit
1490:tauhou
1444:Pūkeko
1381:Kererū
1362:kōtare
1290:weweia
1266:pāteke
1254:pipipi
1216:Common
1149:9 July
1122:
1103:
1066:22 May
914:22 May
696:27,000
643:20,000
633:Trend
423:Shaw (
397:palate
389:ratite
381:auster
373:pterux
211:, 1813
2749:70133
2672:IRMNG
2607:eBird
2583:BOW:
2576:84303
2474:Birds
2445:poūwa
2196:birds
2090:Toroa
2078:birds
2051:tāiko
2034:papua
2022:parea
1993:tōrea
1976:toroa
1952:birds
1937:mōhua
1901:tīeke
1889:tīeke
1673:hoiho
1637:roroa
1613:roroa
1601:birds
1502:tōrea
1386:Pipit
1218:birds
908:(PDF)
671:Haast
659:7,000
577:caeca
460:Haast
385:-alis
336:from
322:, or
2716:8822
2711:NCBI
2698:IUCN
2685:ITIS
2646:GBIF
2633:EPPO
2599:FYYM
2571:BOLD
2399:moho
2239:Huia
1925:hihi
1787:Kākā
1763:whio
1751:kakī
1702:Weka
1649:rowi
1555:tara
1151:2009
1120:ISBN
1101:ISBN
1088:2009
1068:2016
954:2022
916:2016
857:2021
840:2019
806:PBDB
735:IUCN
721:and
701:1996
678:2008
662:1996
646:1996
630:Date
540:Diet
512:gape
415:The
334:kiwi
314:The
243:1813
241:Shaw
209:Shaw
130:Aves
2620:EoL
2594:CoL
2249:Moa
1792:Kea
1533:Tūī
844:doi
776:in
675:300
431:at
419:of
2807::
2785::
2772::
2759::
2746::
2713::
2700::
2687::
2674::
2661::
2648::
2635::
2622::
2609::
2596::
2573::
2560::
2547::
2532::
2517::
1350:ōi
1137:.
1079:.
1059:.
1010:.
990:.
962:^
945:.
933:^
865:^
838:.
832:.
814:^
804:.
784:.
780:,
478:,
399:.
369:A-
340:,
318:,
2462::
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2442:(
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2013:)
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