986:
2149:
1006:
531:
569:
510:
212:
2164:
74:
1770:(MELAD) is involved in the replanting of mangroves in selected sites to help against coastal erosion; however, much more is required to protect many of the sites eroded on South Tarawa including islets that once were protected with mangrove and iron-wood (tengea) trees. It is unclear how much of the erosion being experienced on South Tarawa is due to sea-level rise and how much is due to human activities (such as building inappropriate seawalls and mining sand and gravel from the beaches and foreshores). Coastal erosion will accelerate in future, due to
56:
179:
113:
146:
2229:
81:
518:
45:
63:
1787:
99:
219:
186:
153:
120:
1831:'s administration aims to ease the problem in the country's main urban centre by encouraging people to stay and to resettle in outer islands. It has invested in facilities such as the South Kiribati Hospital to spread institutions and services out around the islands and relieve South Tarawa from overcrowding.
588:. Since Kiribati became independent in 1979, the population of South Tarawa has more than tripled, and now stands at 63,439 people (2020). All of South Tarawa is now urbanised and is effectively one continuous settlement from the northeastern end of the island, Tanaea, to its southwestern end at Betio.
2178:
Imports far outweigh exports, and most households on South Tarawa rely on government employment and remittances from relatives working overseas. Unemployment and underemployment are a serious problem; in 2010 only 34% of urban adults (over 15) were engaged in cash work; the remaining two-thirds are
1797:
Much of this land is not available for use, including the water reserve and runway, the causeways, and a large area of reclaimed land at
Temwaiku, the eastern corner of the atoll, which is too swampy and low-lying. If these areas are excluded, the land area of South Tarawa is only just over 1,000
1753:
Water from the
Bonriki and Buota reserves is distributed by a reticulated network to South Tarawa households. However, the poor condition of the network and the limited water supply mean that water can only be supplied to each village for around 2 hours every two days. Most schools and community
1757:
Because of the shortage of fresh water, sanitation systems must use saltwater for flushing. The sanitation network on South Tarawa is performing very poorly, and a major project is underway to rehabilitate the system and improve sanitation and public hygiene.
1801:
Multi-story buildings are very uncommon on South Tarawa. The high population is accommodated through large household sizes, with an average of 7.3 people per household, on small land plots. Most land is owned by the original families or
546:, between the Tarawa Lagoon to the north, with a maximum depth of 25 metres (82 ft), and the Pacific Ocean to the south, with a depth of up to 4,000 metres (13,000 ft). The island has been built from sediments from the lagoon.
2680:
393:
South Tarawa is home to most of the government, commercial and education facilities in
Kiribati including the Port and the High Court at Betio, the State House, Government Ministries and foreign embassies and High Commissions in
945:
Tarawa island is central to
Kiribati mythology and culture, but life on South Tarawa was little different to that on other islands before it was selected in 1895 as the seat of colonial government for the Protectorate of the
1798:
hectares (10 square km or 2,500 acres) and the population density of 49 people per hectare or 4,905 per square km is almost equal to the density of London (5,100 people per km) and twice the density of Sydney or
Auckland.
1826:
have high rates of respiratory infections, diarrhoea, and dysentery, all of which have been linked to overcrowding. Unsustainable development in South Tarawa is a concern to the government and to
Kiribati's aid partners.
1818:
there are large areas of land on long-term lease to the government. Without access to family lands or government housing, many South Tarawa residents have no choice but to become squatters; disputes over land are common.
1046:
cycles. The hottest and coldest temperatures ever recorded in South Tarawa are 35 °C (95 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F), respectively, which is one of the narrowest temperature ranges in the world.
2212:
2688:
2207:
1026:, 3 metres), making the island extremely vulnerable to natural disasters. The effects of floods and associated soil salination are starting to threaten limited freshwater supplies.
2217:
556:
These islets are now joined by causeways, forming one long islet on the reef along the southern side of the Tarawa Lagoon. Most of South Tarawa is less than 3 metres (9.8 feet)
3075:
2199:
1767:
2336:
2735:
2175:, producing copra oil for the international market and other products which are sold locally. There is a fish processing plant producing tuna for export.
1038:(Koppen: Af) which is warm and humid all year round and average rainfalls are relatively high. However, rainfall is very unpredictable, varying with the
1735:
South Tarawa has very limited water resources for its rapidly growing population. During the frequent droughts, the only source of water is the shallow
2343:
1750:
Other previously declared water reserves have been relinquished for urbanisation or abandoned due to overpumping and pollution from human settlement.
3068:
549:
The process of soil accumulation is driven by the dominant easterly trade winds and can be reversed during extended periods of westerly winds during
2513:
2722:
2710:
439:
91:
Top: Aerial view of South Tarawa; Middle: Sacred Heart
Cathedral, Kiribati Parliament House; Tarawa coastline, Bonriki International Airport
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2779:
2527:
959:
423:
2179:
either out of the labour force, unemployed or engaged in subsistence activities. Young people are especially likely to be unemployed.
2585:
2188:
576:
At the time of the 1978 Census, South Tarawa had a population of 17,921 with most residents living in the main population centres of
415:
985:
262:
211:
2718:
2370:
502:(or ETC), is linked by road to South Tarawa and is experiencing many similar issues of rapid population growth, urbanisation and
1754:
buildings have no water supply at all, and many households rely on polluted groundwater due to the shortage of treated water.
1011:
Households on South Tarawa do not have the option to retreat from coastal erosion, as the atoll is narrow and already crowded.
382:
and home to more than half of
Kiribati's population. The South Tarawa population centre consists of all the small islets from
3514:
2479:
2460:
2441:
2599:
2148:
2627:
1039:
550:
2386:
178:
145:
112:
2772:
2739:
2565:"Vulnerability of Freshwater Lens on Tarawa – The Role of Hydrological Monitoring in Determining Sustainable Yield"
2300:
2342:. National Statistics Office, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Government of Kiribati. Archived from
431:
399:
3257:
390:
and Tanaea in the north-east, connected by the South Tarawa main road, with a population of 63,439 as of 2020.
3029:
2572:
Proceedings of the
Pacific Regional Consultation on Water in Small Island Countries Theme 2 Case Studies – 65
2286:
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2157:
2422:
3509:
3476:
2272:
There is a range of accommodation available for visitors and for those working short term in South Tarawa.
407:
3451:
2501:
3312:
2765:
1035:
1005:
477:
1794:
The land area of South Tarawa is officially recorded as 3,896 acres (1,577 ha) or 15.76 square km.
2613:
947:
503:
2564:
3269:
2281:
472:
3447:
427:
1721:
568:
2492:
Report of the 1978 Census of population and housing. Republic of
Kiribati 1980, Vol. 1, S. 6–7
530:
3519:
2788:
509:
2538:
454:
At the local government level, South Tarawa has two administrative subdivisions, created by
3488:
8:
3094:
3042:
2657:
371:
2163:
2658:"Kiribati profile on New Zealand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade official Site"
2600:"ADB and Australia to Help Kiribati Improve Sanitation, Public Hygiene (Press Release)"
2152:
Fishing for family consumption and for sale is essential to the economy of South Tarawa
2367:
73:
3392:
1744:
1674:
1627:
1579:
455:
3482:
3470:
3430:
3318:
3235:
3176:
2909:
2874:
2296:
2253:
969:
55:
3524:
3152:
3019:
2972:
2952:
2891:
2796:
2374:
1736:
1019:
992:
557:
297:
26:
2228:
2156:
South Tarawa is the economic hub of Kiribati, the location of the main port and
80:
3417:
3287:
1775:
1771:
1055:
1023:
996:
789:
736:
443:
411:
2635:
2129:
Eita/Taborio; Abairarang (scout) Is. Abaokoro (Guide) Is. and Taborio Causeway
3503:
3164:
2987:
2967:
2919:
2904:
2899:
2844:
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1458:
517:
277:
264:
3400:
44:
3463:
3355:
3217:
3171:
3084:
3024:
2957:
2944:
2824:
2291:
2241:
595:
495:
534:
Map of South Tarawa (orange) and North Tarawa (green) within Tarawa Atoll.
62:
3128:
3103:
842:
403:
2757:
2528:"Klimatafel von Tarawa, Int. Flugh. Bonriki / Kiribati (Gilbert-Inseln)"
598:
is connected to the South Tarawa main road and is also growing rapidly.
3208:
3123:
2962:
2924:
2829:
1853:
Land area, not available for residential, commercial or government use
1828:
940:
358:
3053:
3411:
3303:
3241:
3182:
3138:
3117:
2977:
2869:
2192:
1815:
1042:, and South Tarawa can go for many months with almost no rain during
700:
585:
435:
419:
3158:
1743:
and Buota have been declared as water reserves, and have a combined
98:
3386:
3375:
3281:
3112:
2535:
Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
2394:
Office of Te Beretitent – Republic of Kiribati Island Report Series
2261:
2160:
and of most of the state-owned enterprises and private businesses.
1786:
955:
664:
379:
22:
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3368:
3362:
3252:
3187:
3147:
2982:
2859:
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2814:
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2257:
1811:
1740:
878:
645:
581:
395:
387:
1739:
that permeates the coral rock of the atoll. The water lenses at
3380:
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3003:
2934:
2880:
2864:
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2819:
951:
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539:
487:
is "down of the mast", alluding to the sail-shape of the atoll)
3405:
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3325:
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2929:
2914:
2172:
1823:
1807:
965:
897:
591:
577:
491:
466:
383:
1018:
The highest point on South Tarawa is only a very few meters
3338:
3331:
3223:
3198:
3193:
2715:
Strengthening Decentralized Governance in Kiribati Project
2249:
1768:
Ministry of Environment, Lands and Agricultural Development
2614:"Largest cities in the world ranked by population density"
2195:. There are also several private Christian high schools:
2448:
560:
with an average width of only 450 metres (1,480 feet).
2514:"Kiribati Country Assistance Strategy (Press Release)"
432:
National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of Kiribati
422:, and the Tungaru central hospital in Nawerewere. The
2660:. New Zealand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
2467:
1781:
2429:
2171:
Copra produced on the outer islands is processed on
1855:
1852:
1849:
622:
619:
616:
613:
2537:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from
1846:
1843:
610:
2719:Ministry of Internal and Social Affairs (Kiribati)
2204:Moroni High School - Also has a junior high school
2135:Naanekai-Bairiki causeway, Bairiki wharf and jetty
2632:World Health Organization – Western Pacific Ocean
483:(or TUC), from Bairiki to Tanaea (the meaning of
3501:
2687:. Islands Business International. Archived from
2502:Kiribati 2005 census of population and housing.
2187:Currently there is one government high school,
440:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2709:"TABITEUEA NORTH 2008 Socio-Economic Profile"
2681:"Politics: Easing congestion and overcrowding"
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
3069:
2773:
2703:
2478:sfn error: no target: CITEREFChaoxiong2001 (
2459:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchofield1977 (
378:) is the capital and hub of the Republic of
2634:. World Health Organization. Archived from
2408:
3076:
3062:
2780:
2766:
960:Japanese occupation of the Gilbert Islands
97:
2787:
2473:
2454:
2440:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMartin2000 (
2189:King George V and Elaine Bernacchi School
2167:Loading copra at Betio port, South Tarawa
954:was the headquarters of the colony, then
416:King George V and Elaine Bernacchi School
3477:Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2227:
2162:
2147:
1998:
1965:
1906:
1785:
962:until 1946, when it returned to Tarawa.
572:Children in Bairiki Square, South Tarawa
567:
529:
516:
508:
3083:
1995:
1992:
1962:
1959:
1903:
1900:
3502:
2435:
2337:"Kiribati Census Report 2020 Volume 1"
1838:South Tarawa: Population and Land Area
3057:
2761:
2628:"Kiribati health information profile"
2586:"Kiribati Social and Economic Report"
2379:
2314:
2126:Temwaiku; Reclamation and fish ponds
2120:Reasons land not available for use:
418:, the Government High School, is in
307:15.76 km (6.08 sq mi)
218:
185:
152:
119:
2520:
2368:Country files at earth-info.nga.mil
605:South Tarawa: Places and population
414:, the Kiribati Teacher College and
13:
2738:. Tourism Kiribati. Archived from
2678:
1806:, although in the main centres of
1782:Land availability and overcrowding
1761:
16:Island of the Republic of Kiribati
14:
3536:
2562:
2138:Betio; Sandspit, wharves, jetties
1034:The climate in South Tarawa is a
513:Flag of Teinainano Urban Council.
449:
2301:Tarawa Climate Change Conference
2267:
1004:
995:and drought on coconut palms in
984:
217:
210:
184:
177:
151:
144:
118:
111:
79:
72:
61:
54:
43:
3489:New Zealand dependent territory
2736:"Tarawa Accommodation Overview"
2728:
2672:
2650:
2620:
2606:
2592:
2578:
2556:
2506:
2123:Bonriki; Water reserve, airport
400:University of the South Pacific
3258:Federated States of Micronesia
2495:
2486:
2361:
2218:William Goward Memorial School
975:
1:
3460:Often included in Australasia
2307:
2287:Bonriki International Airport
2246:Bonriki International Airport
2232:Bonriki International Airport
563:
551:El Niño–Southern Oscillations
426:is based in Teaoraereke, the
3515:Populated places in Kiribati
2423:"South Tarawa Island Report"
2252:, on Mondays and Thursdays.
2236:
2182:
2113:
2108:1,023 hectares (2,528 acres)
2096:
2065:
2048:
2031:
1948:
1931:
1889:
1872:
1856:Density, people per hectare
1822:South Tarawa and especially
1040:El Niño–Southern Oscillation
538:South Tarawa is a string of
525:
231:South Tarawa (Pacific Ocean)
7:
3444:Often included in Polynesia
2275:
2223:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1956:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1914:
1897:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1531:Average precipitation days
1317:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1177:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1036:Tropical rainforest climate
927:
924:
921:
918:
910:
907:
904:
901:
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885:
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872:
869:
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685:
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668:
658:
655:
652:
649:
639:
636:
633:
630:
521:Flag of Betio Town Council.
10:
3541:
2143:
2111:553 hectares (1,366 acres)
1719:
1053:
1029:
948:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
938:
934:
915:
350:3,578/km (9267/sq mi)
20:
3440:
3302:
3207:
3137:
3102:
3092:
3038:
3012:
2996:
2943:
2890:
2795:
2602:. Asian Development Bank.
2588:. Asian Development Bank.
2425:. Government of Kiribati.
2200:Church of God High School
1836:
1672:
1625:
1577:
1530:
1456:
1386:
1316:
1246:
1176:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
603:
504:environmental degradation
354:
346:
338:
333:
324:
319:
311:
303:
293:
256:
248:
243:
234:Show map of Pacific Ocean
165:South Tarawa (Micronesia)
105:
96:
36:
3270:Northern Mariana Islands
2721:. p. 48 (PDF p. 13/15).
2282:Bairiki National Stadium
2208:Sacred Heart High School
2094:13.7 hectares (34 acres)
2091:154 hectares (381 acres)
1993:141 hectares (348 acres)
1960:104 hectares (257 acres)
1926:181 hectares (447 acres)
1904:383 hectares (946 acres)
1901:161 hectares (398 acres)
1887:139 hectares (343 acres)
1730:
968:was the location of the
498:and administered by the
473:Teinainano Urban Council
3448:Overseas collectivities
2063:5.0 hectares (12 acres)
2060:46 hectares (114 acres)
2029:4.2 hectares (10 acres)
2026:87 hectares (215 acres)
1943:58 hectares (143 acres)
1884:70 hectares (173 acres)
428:Kiribati Uniting Church
375:
3473:with the United States
2373:12 August 2005 at the
2264:at least once a week.
2233:
2168:
2153:
2071:Betio-Bairiki causeway
2043:12 hectares (30 acres)
1791:
1722:Deutscher Wetterdienst
573:
535:
522:
514:
424:Roman Catholic Diocese
312:Highest elevation
198:South Tarawa (Oceania)
168:Show map of Micronesia
3095:Dependent territories
2789:Geography of Kiribati
2248:on South Tarawa from
2231:
2213:St. Louis High School
2166:
2151:
2132:Teaoraereke; Causeway
1963:9 hectares (22 acres)
1867:9 hectares (22 acres)
1789:
950:. From 1906 to 1942,
941:Tarawa § History
683:Causeway (Nawerewere)
571:
533:
520:
512:
315:3 m (10 ft)
3466:of the United States
2544:on 29 September 2019
2349:on 30 September 2013
1850:Land area available
1747:of 1,300 m per day.
1107:Record high °C (°F)
500:Eutan Tarawa Council
342:63,439 (2020 census)
135:Show map of Kiribati
132:Location in Kiribati
3510:Capitals in Oceania
3043:Outline of Kiribati
1912:Causeway/Nawerewere
1387:Record low °C (°F)
1247:Daily mean °C (°F)
494:, which is part of
274: /
201:Show map of Oceania
33:
2679:Pareti, Samisoni.
2234:
2169:
2154:
2102:South Tarawa total
1792:
916:South Tarawa total
574:
536:
523:
515:
463:Betio Town Council
31:
3497:
3496:
3393:Wallis and Futuna
3051:
3050:
2387:"6. South Tarawa"
2118:
2117:
1745:sustainable yield
1727:
1726:
1580:relative humidity
1054:Climate data for
932:
931:
456:John Hilary Smith
430:in Antebuka, the
408:House of Assembly
376:Tarawa Teinainano
365:
364:
278:1.433°N 173.000°E
3532:
3485:with New Zealand
3483:free association
3471:free association
3431:French Polynesia
3319:Pitcairn Islands
3236:Marshall Islands
3177:Papua New Guinea
3078:
3071:
3064:
3055:
3054:
2997:West of Gilberts
2910:Enderbury Island
2782:
2775:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2742:on 20 March 2013
2732:
2726:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2691:on 23 March 2012
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2654:
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2647:
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2643:
2624:
2618:
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2610:
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2603:
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2504:
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2419:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2348:
2341:
2333:
2297:Ambo Declaration
2254:Solomon Airlines
1847:Population 2010
1834:
1833:
1534:
1051:
1050:
1008:
988:
970:Battle of Tarawa
601:
600:
542:on the atoll of
481:
289:
288:
286:
285:
284:
279:
275:
272:
271:
270:
267:
235:
221:
220:
214:
202:
188:
187:
181:
169:
155:
154:
148:
136:
122:
121:
115:
101:
83:
76:
65:
58:
47:
34:
30:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3436:
3298:
3203:
3153:Solomon Islands
3133:
3098:
3088:
3082:
3052:
3047:
3034:
3020:Carondelet Reef
3008:
2992:
2973:Starbuck Island
2953:Caroline Island
2939:
2892:Phoenix Islands
2886:
2797:Gilbert Islands
2791:
2786:
2756:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2685:Island Business
2677:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2641:
2639:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2567:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2420:
2409:
2399:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2375:Wayback Machine
2366:
2362:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2315:
2310:
2278:
2270:
2239:
2226:
2185:
2146:
2141:
1784:
1764:
1762:Coastal erosion
1737:freshwater lens
1733:
1728:
1532:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1058:(South Tarawa)
1032:
1020:above sea level
1016:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1001:
1000:
993:coastal erosion
989:
978:
958:because of the
943:
937:
566:
558:above sea level
528:
475:
452:
386:in the west to
329:
298:Gilbert Islands
282:
280:
276:
273:
268:
265:
263:
261:
260:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
232:
229:
228:
227:
226:
222:
205:
204:
203:
200:
199:
196:
195:
194:
193:
189:
172:
171:
170:
167:
166:
163:
162:
161:
160:
156:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
128:
127:
123:
92:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:
84:
77:
68:
67:
66:
59:
50:
49:
48:
29:
27:Gilbert Islands
21:Main articles:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3538:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3479:
3474:
3467:
3461:
3458:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3421:
3418:American Samoa
3408:
3397:
3383:
3372:
3359:
3346:
3335:
3322:
3308:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3284:
3273:
3260:
3249:
3238:
3227:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3190:
3179:
3168:
3155:
3143:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3120:
3108:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:are in italics
3093:
3090:
3089:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3058:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2753:
2727:
2723:Part 1 is here
2702:
2671:
2649:
2638:on 8 June 2011
2619:
2616:. City Mayors.
2605:
2591:
2577:
2555:
2519:
2505:
2494:
2485:
2474:Chaoxiong 2001
2466:
2457:, p. 533.
2455:Schofield 1977
2447:
2438:, p. 152.
2428:
2407:
2378:
2360:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2238:
2235:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2202:
2184:
2181:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1783:
1780:
1776:sea level rise
1772:climate change
1763:
1760:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1675:sunshine hours
1670:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1628:sunshine hours
1623:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1056:Tarawa Airport
1049:
1031:
1028:
1010:
1003:
1002:
999:, South Tarawa
990:
983:
982:
981:
980:
979:
977:
974:
939:Main article:
936:
933:
930:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
913:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
894:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
875:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
858:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
839:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
822:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
786:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
769:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
752:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
733:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
716:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
697:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
680:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
661:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
642:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
625:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
608:
607:
565:
562:
527:
524:
489:
488:
469:
451:
450:Administration
448:
363:
362:
356:
352:
351:
348:
344:
343:
340:
336:
335:
331:
330:
325:
322:
321:
320:Administration
317:
316:
313:
309:
308:
305:
301:
300:
295:
291:
290:
283:1.433; 173.000
258:
254:
253:
250:
246:
245:
241:
240:
230:
224:
223:
216:
215:
209:
208:
207:
206:
197:
191:
190:
183:
182:
176:
175:
174:
173:
164:
158:
157:
150:
149:
143:
142:
141:
140:
131:
125:
124:
117:
116:
110:
109:
108:
107:
106:
103:
102:
94:
93:
90:
78:
71:
70:
69:
60:
53:
52:
51:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
37:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3537:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3165:New Caledonia
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2988:Vostok Island
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:Malden Island
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2920:McKean Island
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:Birnie Island
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2659:
2653:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2615:
2609:
2601:
2595:
2587:
2581:
2573:
2566:
2563:Metai, Eita.
2559:
2540:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2516:. World Bank.
2515:
2509:
2503:
2498:
2489:
2481:
2475:
2470:
2462:
2456:
2451:
2443:
2437:
2432:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2395:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2364:
2345:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2268:Accommodation
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2230:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2101:
2100:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2053:
2052:
2036:
2035:
2019:
2018:
2011:
2010:
2003:
2002:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1969:
1953:
1952:
1936:
1935:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1894:
1893:
1877:
1876:
1860:
1859:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1795:
1788:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:Mean monthly
1624:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1529:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1459:precipitation
1455:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1007:
998:
994:
987:
973:
971:
967:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
942:
914:
899:
896:
895:
880:
877:
876:
860:
859:
844:
841:
840:
824:
823:
807:
806:
791:
788:
787:
771:
770:
754:
753:
738:
735:
734:
718:
717:
702:
699:
698:
682:
681:
666:
663:
662:
647:
644:
643:
627:
626:
609:
606:
602:
599:
597:
593:
589:
587:
583:
579:
570:
561:
559:
554:
552:
547:
545:
541:
532:
519:
511:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
486:
482:
479:
474:
470:
468:
464:
461:
460:
459:
457:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
360:
357:
355:Ethnic groups
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
332:
328:
323:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
299:
296:
292:
287:
259:
255:
252:Pacific Ocean
251:
247:
242:
213:
180:
147:
114:
104:
100:
95:
82:
75:
64:
57:
46:
35:
28:
24:
19:
3520:South Tarawa
3464:Insular area
3455:collectivity
3452:
3429:
3423:
3416:
3410:
3399:
3391:
3385:
3374:
3367:
3361:
3356:Cook Islands
3354:
3348:
3337:
3330:
3324:
3317:
3311:
3286:
3277:South Tarawa
3276:
3275:
3268:
3262:
3251:
3240:
3229:
3222:
3216:
3192:
3181:
3172:Port Moresby
3170:
3163:
3157:
3146:
3122:
3111:
3030:Winslow Reef
3025:Filippo Reef
2958:Flint Island
2945:Line Islands
2879:
2744:. Retrieved
2740:the original
2730:
2714:
2705:
2693:. Retrieved
2689:the original
2684:
2674:
2662:. Retrieved
2652:
2640:. Retrieved
2636:the original
2631:
2622:
2608:
2594:
2580:
2571:
2558:
2548:29 September
2546:. Retrieved
2539:the original
2534:
2522:
2508:
2497:
2488:
2476:, p. 6.
2469:
2450:
2431:
2398:. Retrieved
2393:
2381:
2363:
2351:. Retrieved
2344:the original
2292:Te Umanibong
2271:
2242:Fiji Airways
2240:
2186:
2177:
2170:
2155:
2074:not included
1844:Census Area
1837:
1821:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1765:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1734:
1461:mm (inches)
1043:
1033:
1017:
964:
952:Ocean Island
944:
611:Census area
604:
596:North Tarawa
590:
575:
555:
548:
537:
499:
496:North Tarawa
490:
484:
471:
465:(or BTC) on
462:
453:
392:
368:South Tarawa
367:
366:
347:Pop. density
334:Demographics
326:
225:South Tarawa
192:South Tarawa
159:South Tarawa
126:South Tarawa
32:South Tarawa
18:
3453:sui generis
3129:New Zealand
3104:Australasia
2711:Part 2 of 4
2436:Martin 2000
2020:Teaoraereke
1804:kain Tarawa
1673:Mean daily
991:Impacts of
976:Environment
843:Teaoraereke
476: [
404:Teaoraereke
294:Archipelago
281: /
257:Coordinates
3504:Categories
3401:Nukuʻalofa
3396:(de facto)
3295:(de facto)
3209:Micronesia
3124:Wellington
3087:of Oceania
2963:Kiritimati
2925:Nikumaroro
2830:Butaritari
2308:References
1971:Tangintebu
1829:Anote Tong
1533:(≥ 0.3 mm)
755:Tangintebu
564:Population
485:teinainano
402:campus in
372:Gilbertese
359:I-Kiribati
339:Population
3457:of France
3412:Pago Pago
3313:Adamstown
3304:Polynesia
3242:Ngerulmud
3183:Port Vila
3139:Melanesia
3118:Australia
2978:Tabuaeran
2870:Tabiteuea
2353:17 August
2256:flies to
2244:flies to
2237:Transport
2193:Bikenibeu
2183:Education
2004:Banraeaba
1920:Bikenibeu
1816:Bikenibeu
808:Banraeaba
701:Bikenibeu
586:Bikenibeu
526:Geography
458:in 1972:
436:Bikenibeu
420:Bikenibeu
244:Geography
3387:Mata Utu
3376:Funafuti
3282:Kiribati
3113:Canberra
3085:Capitals
2746:15 March
2400:28 April
2371:Archived
2299:(during
2276:See also
2262:Brisbane
2224:Visiting
2012:Antebuka
1895:Temwaiku
1774:related
1720:Source:
1668:2,688.5
1578:Average
1457:Average
956:Funafuti
825:Antebuka
665:Temwaiku
380:Kiribati
327:Kiribati
249:Location
23:Kiribati
3425:Papeete
3369:Tokelau
3363:Fakaofo
3253:Palikir
3218:Hagåtña
3188:Vanuatu
3148:Honiara
2983:Teraina
2860:Nonouti
2855:Nikunau
2850:Marakei
2815:Aranuka
2810:Abemama
2805:Abaiang
2258:Honiara
2158:airport
2144:Economy
2054:Bairiki
2037:Nanikai
1979:Taborio
1878:Bonriki
1812:Bairiki
1741:Bonriki
1526:(80.8)
1466:(10.7)
1452:(69.8)
1447:(71.6)
1442:(72.5)
1437:(71.6)
1432:(72.5)
1427:(70.7)
1422:(69.8)
1417:(69.8)
1412:(69.8)
1407:(72.5)
1402:(72.5)
1397:(72.5)
1392:(70.7)
1382:(77.5)
1377:(77.5)
1372:(77.7)
1367:(77.7)
1362:(77.5)
1357:(77.4)
1352:(77.2)
1347:(77.5)
1342:(77.9)
1337:(77.5)
1332:(77.4)
1327:(77.5)
1322:(77.5)
1312:(82.9)
1307:(82.8)
1302:(83.3)
1297:(83.5)
1292:(83.1)
1287:(82.9)
1282:(82.8)
1277:(82.9)
1272:(83.1)
1267:(82.8)
1262:(82.6)
1257:(82.6)
1252:(82.8)
1242:(87.6)
1237:(87.6)
1232:(88.3)
1227:(88.2)
1222:(88.0)
1217:(87.8)
1212:(87.6)
1207:(87.4)
1202:(87.4)
1197:(87.3)
1192:(87.3)
1187:(87.1)
1182:(87.3)
1172:(95.0)
1167:(95.0)
1162:(95.0)
1157:(95.0)
1152:(94.1)
1147:(94.1)
1142:(94.1)
1137:(92.3)
1132:(94.1)
1127:(94.1)
1122:(95.0)
1117:(91.4)
1112:(95.0)
1044:La Niña
1030:Climate
935:History
928:56,388
911:17,330
879:Bairiki
861:Nanikai
772:Taborio
646:Bonriki
582:Bairiki
396:Bairiki
388:Bonriki
269:173°0′E
3525:Tarawa
3381:Tuvalu
3350:Avarua
3264:Saipan
3231:Majuro
3159:Nouméa
3004:Banaba
2935:Rawaki
2905:Canton
2881:Tarawa
2875:Tamana
2865:Onotoa
2840:Maiana
2820:Arorae
2695:9 June
2664:9 June
2642:9 June
2396:. 2012
1937:Abarao
1861:Tanaea
1790:Tarawa
1665:189.1
1662:240.0
1659:260.4
1656:243.0
1653:257.3
1650:229.4
1647:219.0
1644:229.4
1641:201.0
1638:207.7
1635:192.1
1632:220.1
1521:(8.3)
1516:(4.5)
1511:(4.3)
1506:(4.7)
1501:(5.4)
1496:(6.6)
1491:(6.1)
1486:(6.2)
1481:(7.2)
1476:(8.0)
1471:(8.6)
1063:Month
925:50,182
922:40,311
919:17,921
908:15,755
905:12,509
892:3,278
873:1,152
856:5,105
837:1,615
820:2,072
803:2,780
784:1,293
750:3,395
731:1,761
719:Abarao
714:7,575
695:1,843
678:4,072
659:2,829
628:Tanaea
544:Tarawa
540:islets
438:, and
406:, the
398:, the
266:1°26′N
3406:Tonga
3344:Samoa
3326:Alofi
3293:Nauru
3288:Yaren
3247:Palau
3013:Reefs
2930:Orona
2915:Manra
2845:Makin
2835:Kuria
2568:(PDF)
2542:(PDF)
2531:(PDF)
2390:(PDF)
2347:(PDF)
2340:(PDF)
2173:Betio
2105:50182
2088:15755
2085:Betio
2015:1087
2007:1969
1982:1282
1915:2054
1824:Betio
1808:Betio
1731:Water
1524:2,052
1102:Year
966:Betio
902:7,626
898:Betio
889:3,524
886:2,766
883:1,956
853:4,171
850:3,939
834:1,087
817:1,969
814:1,789
800:2,200
797:1,688
781:1,282
747:3,061
744:2,299
728:1,665
711:6,568
708:6,170
705:3,971
692:2,054
689:1,780
675:3,135
672:2,011
656:2,355
653:2,119
623:2015
620:2010
617:2005
614:1978
592:Buota
578:Betio
492:Buota
480:]
467:Betio
384:Betio
361:95.9%
3339:Apia
3332:Niue
3224:Guam
3199:Fiji
3194:Suva
2825:Beru
2748:2013
2697:2011
2666:2011
2644:2011
2550:2019
2480:help
2461:help
2442:help
2402:2015
2355:2020
2260:and
2250:Nadi
2097:102
2057:3524
2023:4171
1990:2200
1987:Ambo
1957:3061
1954:Eita
1940:1665
1923:6568
1898:3135
1881:2355
1814:and
1766:The
1715:7.4
1712:6.1
1709:8.0
1706:8.4
1703:8.1
1700:8.3
1697:7.4
1694:7.3
1691:7.4
1688:6.7
1685:6.7
1682:6.8
1679:7.1
1582:(%)
1573:172
1450:21.0
1445:22.0
1440:22.5
1435:22.0
1430:22.5
1425:21.5
1420:21.0
1415:21.0
1410:21.0
1405:22.5
1400:22.5
1395:22.5
1390:21.5
1380:25.3
1375:25.3
1370:25.4
1365:25.4
1360:25.3
1355:25.2
1350:25.1
1345:25.3
1340:25.5
1335:25.3
1330:25.2
1325:25.3
1320:25.3
1310:28.3
1305:28.2
1300:28.5
1295:28.6
1290:28.4
1285:28.3
1280:28.2
1275:28.3
1270:28.4
1265:28.2
1260:28.1
1255:28.1
1250:28.2
1240:30.9
1235:30.9
1230:31.3
1225:31.2
1220:31.1
1215:31.0
1210:30.9
1205:30.8
1200:30.8
1195:30.7
1190:30.7
1185:30.6
1180:30.7
1170:35.0
1165:35.0
1160:35.0
1155:35.0
1150:34.5
1145:34.5
1140:34.5
1135:33.5
1130:34.5
1125:34.5
1120:35.0
1115:33.0
1110:35.0
1099:Dec
1096:Nov
1093:Oct
1090:Sep
1087:Aug
1084:Jul
1081:Jun
1078:May
1075:Apr
1072:Mar
1069:Feb
1066:Jan
1024:Eita
997:Eita
790:Ambo
767:150
737:Eita
640:198
584:and
444:Eita
412:Ambo
304:Area
25:and
3481:In
3469:In
3450:or
2191:in
2114:49
2066:77
2049:82
2040:988
2032:48
1999:16
1974:89
1966:29
1949:29
1932:36
1907:19
1890:34
1873:31
1864:279
1621:80
1618:81
1615:79
1612:77
1609:77
1606:79
1603:80
1600:81
1597:81
1594:82
1591:81
1588:80
1585:81
1570:17
1567:10
1564:11
1561:15
1558:18
1555:16
1552:14
1549:15
1546:15
1543:14
1540:12
1537:15
1519:212
1514:115
1509:110
1504:120
1499:138
1494:168
1489:155
1484:158
1479:184
1474:204
1469:218
1464:271
870:988
867:803
864:604
847:848
831:390
828:504
811:501
778:955
775:187
758:128
741:612
725:908
722:322
650:635
637:279
594:in
442:in
434:in
410:in
3506::
3428:,
3415:,
3404:,
3390:,
3379:,
3366:,
3353:,
3342:,
3329:,
3316:,
3291:,
3280:,
3267:,
3256:,
3245:,
3234:,
3221:,
3197:,
3186:,
3175:,
3162:,
3151:,
3127:,
3116:,
2717:,
2713:.
2683:.
2630:.
2570:.
2533:.
2410:^
2392:.
2316:^
1810:,
1778:.
972:.
764:89
761:94
634:91
631:27
580:,
553:.
506:.
478:it
446:.
374::
3077:e
3070:t
3063:v
2781:e
2774:t
2767:v
2750:.
2725:.
2699:.
2668:.
2646:.
2574:.
2552:.
2482:)
2463:)
2444:)
2404:.
2357:.
2303:)
2046:–
1996:–
1946:–
1929:–
1870:–
1022:(
794:–
686:–
669:–
370:(
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