31:
75:
2117:
50:
197:
1227:
2105:
434:
A threatened species recovery plan was established by the
Department of Conservation in 1994, with the aims of maintaining wild populations, adopting quarantine procedures, and removing predators from islands potentially suitable for translocating members of the species.
426:- two outbreaks in 2002 and 2007 resulted in high mortality rates among those infected. Saddlebacks are especially vulnerable as they have had limited exposure to avian malaria, due to the disease's relatively short history in New Zealand.
404:
to pest-free islands. Big Island received 21 individuals, whilst
Kaimohu Island received 15. Further translocations and predator removal allowed the population to recover, with the current population estimated to be around 2000.
377:. However, by the end of the century, the species was in decline and nearing extinction due to introduced predators. By 1905, the saddlebacks were confined to the South Cape Islands, off the coast of Stewart Island. In 1962,
666:
Hooson, Scott; Jamieson, Ian G. (2004). "Variation in breeding success among reintroduced island populations of South Island
Saddlebacks Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus".
339:
for a small piece of flesh, hence wattles. Gmelin based his description on the "wattled stare" that had been described and illustrated in 1783 by the
English ornithologist
716:
Alley, M. R.; Hale, K. A.; Cash, H.; Ha, H. J.; Howe, L. (2010). "Concurrent avian malaria and avipox virus infection in translocated South Island saddlebacks (
2255:
351:
in London that had come from New
Zealand. The word "stare" is an archaic word for a starling. The South Island saddleback is now placed with the
2481:
835:
2307:
522:
2461:
507:
Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
2433:
2229:
282:
2281:
2486:
580:
532:
2286:
2171:
2471:
828:
605:"Australasian babblers, logrunners, satinbirds, berrypeckers, wattlebirds, whipbirds, jewel-babblers, quail-thrushes"
382:
2185:
2476:
2312:
1987:
1710:
451:
to fetch him some water but the bird refused and pretended not to have heard him. Consequently, Māui grabbed the
1938:
1933:
1928:
362:
759:
821:
401:
2268:
760:
Disease outbreak amongst South Island saddlebacks (Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus) on Long Island
548:
373:
During the early 19th century, South Island saddlebacks were widely distributed throughout the South and
340:
74:
2095:
2058:
1132:
596:
30:
2332:
1899:
777:
2017:
1911:
1478:
1466:
386:
1519:
1267:
568:
501:
352:
302:
278:
186:
2384:
2371:
2322:
2299:
2260:
2193:
2133:
1791:
1442:
1173:
2029:
1437:
1432:
1320:
694:
2466:
2379:
2366:
2070:
1894:
1889:
1779:
1623:
1495:
1454:
1096:
510:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 805.
325:
169:
2198:
2397:
2358:
1720:
1405:
1033:
932:
860:
844:
390:
473:
455:
and scorched the feathers of its back, and have since become an important bird for Māori.
8:
1850:
1838:
1303:
1291:
1255:
956:
635:"The distribution and current status of New Zealand Saddleback Philesturnus carunculatus"
557:. Vol. 2, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. p. 9, No. 6; Plate 36.
348:
298:
39:
2121:
1997:
1992:
1813:
1764:
1754:
1369:
1243:
1185:
1050:
1045:
1004:
944:
218:
69:
1226:
2353:
2041:
2012:
2002:
1975:
1948:
1862:
1606:
1567:
1325:
1067:
1055:
1021:
992:
980:
920:
872:
799:
737:
679:
576:
528:
266:
146:
552:
2424:
2075:
2046:
1965:
1879:
1635:
1618:
1197:
908:
729:
675:
646:
600:
505:
2208:
604:
2340:
1970:
1943:
1584:
1507:
1084:
794:
Tramping, Hans
Williams (4 January 2007). "Rare saddleback survives on islands".
311:
733:
400:
In early 1964, 36 individuals on Big South Cape Island were translocated by the
1801:
1681:
1652:
1640:
1342:
1108:
374:
1315:
778:
South Island saddleback recovery plan (Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus)
651:
634:
2455:
2294:
2156:
1774:
1769:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1676:
803:
482:
419:
378:
306:
59:
54:
2273:
2109:
1953:
1796:
1664:
1543:
1417:
1279:
1144:
968:
741:
357:
270:
209:
2345:
2242:
2165:
1759:
1594:
1381:
274:
2438:
2392:
2234:
2007:
1555:
1483:
896:
813:
262:
136:
2247:
1693:
1422:
1393:
1120:
423:
258:
126:
86:
2221:
2127:
1079:
1016:
196:
2418:
2150:
1916:
1168:
575:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 146–147.
394:
106:
1209:
320:
444:
2180:
1156:
884:
443:
In Māori mythology, the orange mark was caused by the demi-god
96:
783:(Report). Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation.
765:(Report). Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation.
2216:
336:
316:
1874:
1337:
281:
and this species were formerly considered conspecific. The
116:
347:. Latham has examined a specimen in the collection of the
1884:
1427:
418:
The South Island saddleback is at risk of outbreaks of
471:
2093:
595:
361:
that was introduced in 1832 by the French zoologist
285:
currently has the South Island saddleback listed as
2453:
715:
692:
665:
632:
829:
753:
751:
709:
524:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
2079:
2062:
2050:
2033:
2021:
1979:
1957:
1920:
1903:
1866:
1854:
1842:
1817:
1805:
1783:
1746:
1724:
1697:
1685:
1668:
1656:
1644:
1627:
1610:
1598:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1523:
1511:
1499:
1487:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1373:
1346:
1329:
1307:
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1247:
1213:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1124:
1112:
1100:
1088:
1071:
1059:
1037:
1025:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
960:
948:
936:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
864:
573:The Oxford Dictionary of British Bird Names
368:
836:
822:
748:
212:where South Island saddlebacks are located
195:
48:
29:
650:
315:. He placed it with the starlings in the
843:
793:
693:Masuda, B. M.; Jamieson, Ian G. (2013).
633:Hooson, Scott; Jamieson, Ian G. (2003).
628:
626:
567:
527:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 92.
408:
775:
769:
520:
305:in his revised and expanded edition of
2454:
718:Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus
547:
500:
231:Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus
2482:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
2132:
2131:
817:
659:
623:
611:. International Ornithologists' Union
208: Islands and sanctuaries in the
2333:d4af4d26-7160-4b50-b3e8-0f7007795b0c
757:
2462:IUCN Red List least concern species
686:
483:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
438:
13:
589:
14:
2498:
301:in 1789 by the German naturalist
2115:
2103:
1988:North Island little spotted kiwi
1225:
680:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2004.00275.x
609:IOC World Bird List Version 13.1
472:BirdLife International (2022) .
385:, causing the extinction of the
297:The South Island saddleback was
73:
787:
639:Bird Conservation International
429:
363:Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
1939:North Island stout-legged wren
1934:South Island stout-legged wren
722:New Zealand Veterinary Journal
561:
541:
514:
494:
465:
1:
458:
2487:Endemic birds of New Zealand
402:New Zealand Wildlife Service
7:
734:10.1080/00480169.2010.68868
554:A General Synopsis of Birds
345:A General Synopsis of Birds
292:
10:
2503:
2059:New Zealand owlet-nightjar
1133:South Island oystercatcher
697:. New Zealand Birds Online
521:Jobling, James A. (2010).
413:
283:Department of Conservation
2472:Birds of the South Island
2408:
2398:Philesturnus-carunculatus
2186:philesturnus-carunculatus
2172:Philesturnus carunculatus
2142:Philesturnus carunculatus
2140:
1900:Auckland Island merganser
1829:
1709:
1583:
1358:
1234:
1223:
851:
758:Hale, Katrina A. (2008).
695:"South Island saddleback"
652:10.1017/S0959270903003083
490:: e.T103730490A209093250.
476:Philesturnus carunculatus
254:Philesturnus carunculatus
224:
217:
203:
194:
179:Philesturnus carunculatus
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1912:Chatham Island merganser
1479:Northern royal albatross
1467:New Zealand storm petrel
798:. Rotorua, New Zealand.
569:Lockwood, William Burley
502:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
387:greater short-tailed bat
369:Distribution and habitat
24:South Island saddleback
2477:Birds described in 1789
2323:south-island-saddleback
1532:South Island saddleback
1520:North Island saddleback
1496:Orange-fronted parakeet
1268:North Island brown kiwi
603:, eds. (January 2023).
353:North Island saddleback
331:. The specific epithet
303:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
279:North Island saddleback
257:) is a forest-dwelling
245:South Island saddleback
2080:
2063:
2051:
2034:
2022:
1980:
1958:
1921:
1904:
1867:
1855:
1843:
1818:
1806:
1784:
1747:
1725:
1698:
1686:
1669:
1657:
1645:
1628:
1611:
1599:
1572:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1471:
1459:
1447:
1443:New Zealand fairy tern
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1347:
1330:
1308:
1296:
1284:
1272:
1260:
1248:
1214:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1174:Variable oystercatcher
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1113:
1101:
1089:
1072:
1060:
1038:
1026:
1009:
997:
985:
973:
961:
949:
937:
925:
913:
901:
889:
877:
865:
776:Roberts, Andy (1994).
263:New Zealand wattlebird
2380:Paleobiology Database
2367:Paleobiology Database
2071:New Zealand musk duck
2018:Scarlett's shearwater
1895:South Island adzebill
1890:North Island adzebill
1780:Erect-crested penguin
1624:Chatham oystercatcher
1455:New Zealand king shag
1097:New Zealand rock wren
409:Behaviour and ecology
383:Big South Cape Island
227:Creadion carunculatus
2410:Sturnus carunculatus
1721:Antipodean albatross
1711:Subantarctic islands
1034:New Zealand dotterel
933:Double-banded plover
845:Birds of New Zealand
391:Stewart Island snipe
329:Sturnus carunculatus
235:Sturnus carunculatus
161:P. carunculatus
2030:North Island takahē
1905:rakiraki maungahuka
1851:New Zealand bittern
1839:South Island piopio
1792:Reischek's parakeet
1438:South Island kōkako
1433:North Island kōkako
1321:South Island takahē
1304:Yellow-eyed penguin
1292:Southern brown kiwi
1256:Little spotted kiwi
381:were introduced to
40:Conservation status
1998:South Island snipe
1993:North Island snipe
1814:Subantarctic snipe
1765:Campbell albatross
1755:Antipodes parakeet
1699:kawau o rangihaute
1370:Black-fronted tern
1244:Great spotted kiwi
1186:White-fronted tern
1051:North Island robin
1046:South Island robin
1005:Long-tailed cuckoo
945:New Zealand falcon
599:; Donsker, David;
299:formally described
287:At Risk--Declining
2449:
2448:
2354:Open Tree of Life
2134:Taxon identifiers
2091:
2090:
2042:New Zealand goose
1863:New Zealand quail
1607:Chatham albatross
1326:Fiordland penguin
1068:Paradise shelduck
1056:New Zealand scaup
993:Sacred kingfisher
981:Grey-faced petrel
873:Black-billed gull
601:Rasmussen, Pamela
582:978-0-19-866196-2
534:978-1-4081-2501-4
395:Stead's bush wren
241:
240:
63:
2494:
2442:
2441:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2387:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2361:
2349:
2348:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2303:
2302:
2290:
2289:
2277:
2276:
2264:
2263:
2251:
2250:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2212:
2211:
2202:
2201:
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2129:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2083:
2076:New Zealand swan
2066:
2054:
2037:
2025:
1983:
1961:
1929:Long-billed wren
1924:
1907:
1870:
1858:
1846:
1821:
1809:
1787:
1750:
1728:
1701:
1689:
1672:
1660:
1648:
1636:Chatham parakeet
1631:
1619:Chatham gerygone
1614:
1602:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1515:
1503:
1491:
1474:
1462:
1450:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1350:
1333:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1263:
1251:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1193:
1181:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1116:
1104:
1092:
1075:
1063:
1041:
1029:
1012:
1000:
988:
976:
964:
952:
940:
928:
916:
909:Buff-banded rail
904:
892:
880:
868:
838:
831:
824:
815:
814:
808:
807:
791:
785:
784:
782:
773:
767:
766:
764:
755:
746:
745:
713:
707:
706:
704:
702:
690:
684:
683:
663:
657:
656:
654:
630:
621:
620:
618:
616:
593:
587:
586:
565:
559:
558:
545:
539:
538:
518:
512:
511:
498:
492:
491:
469:
439:In Māori culture
265:family which is
207:
199:
181:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2437:
2432:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2404:
2396:
2391:
2383:
2378:
2370:
2365:
2357:
2352:
2344:
2341:Observation.org
2339:
2331:
2329:
2321:
2319:
2311:
2306:
2298:
2293:
2285:
2280:
2272:
2267:
2259:
2254:
2246:
2241:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2215:
2207:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2184:
2179:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2136:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2104:
2102:
2094:
2092:
2087:
1971:Waitaha penguin
1966:Chatham penguin
1831:
1825:
1713:
1705:
1587:
1585:Chatham Islands
1579:
1508:Red-billed gull
1501:kākāriki karaka
1362:
1360:
1354:
1236:
1230:
1221:
853:
847:
842:
812:
811:
792:
788:
780:
774:
770:
762:
756:
749:
714:
710:
700:
698:
691:
687:
664:
660:
631:
624:
614:
612:
594:
590:
583:
566:
562:
546:
542:
535:
519:
515:
499:
495:
470:
466:
461:
441:
432:
416:
411:
375:Stewart Islands
371:
349:Leverian Museum
324:and coined the
312:Systema Naturae
295:
233:
229:
213:
205:
190:
183:
177:
164:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
2500:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2430:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2389:
2376:
2363:
2350:
2337:
2327:
2317:
2304:
2291:
2278:
2265:
2252:
2239:
2226:
2213:
2203:
2190:
2177:
2162:
2146:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2125:
2124:
2112:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2068:
2056:
2044:
2039:
2027:
2015:
2013:Imber's petrel
2010:
2005:
2003:Forbes's snipe
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1976:Eyles' harrier
1973:
1968:
1963:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1914:
1909:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1860:
1848:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1811:
1802:Snares penguin
1799:
1794:
1789:
1785:tawaki nana hī
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1691:
1682:Magenta petrel
1679:
1674:
1662:
1653:Chatham pigeon
1650:
1641:Chatham petrel
1638:
1633:
1621:
1616:
1604:
1591:
1589:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1403:
1391:
1379:
1366:
1364:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1340:
1335:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1207:
1195:
1183:
1171:
1166:
1154:
1142:
1130:
1118:
1109:Shining cuckoo
1106:
1094:
1082:
1077:
1065:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1031:
1019:
1014:
1002:
990:
978:
966:
954:
942:
930:
918:
906:
894:
882:
870:
857:
855:
849:
848:
841:
840:
833:
826:
818:
810:
809:
796:The Daily Post
786:
768:
747:
728:(4): 218–223.
708:
685:
674:(3): 417–426.
658:
622:
588:
581:
560:
540:
533:
513:
493:
463:
462:
460:
457:
440:
437:
431:
428:
415:
412:
410:
407:
370:
367:
294:
291:
239:
238:
222:
221:
215:
214:
204:
201:
200:
192:
191:
184:
173:
172:
166:
165:
158:
156:
152:
151:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2499:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2440:
2435:
2431:
2426:
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2097:
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2077:
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2048:
2047:Finsch's duck
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1775:Campbell teal
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1770:Campbell shag
1768:
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1756:
1753:
1749:
1748:tētē kākāriki
1744:
1743:Auckland teal
1741:
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1738:Auckland shag
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1734:
1733:Auckland rail
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1261:kiwi pukupuku
1257:
1254:
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1114:pīpīwharauroa
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885:Brown creeper
883:
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421:
420:avian malaria
406:
403:
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396:
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388:
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380:
376:
366:
364:
360:
359:
355:in the genus
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
327:
326:binomial name
323:
322:
318:
314:
313:
308:
307:Carl Linnaeus
304:
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174:
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170:Binomial name
167:
163:
162:
157:
154:
153:
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149:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Passeriformes
125:
122:
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118:
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111:
108:
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102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2467:Philesturnus
2409:
2141:
1954:Laughing owl
1949:Chatham kākā
1944:Lyall's wren
1797:Snares snipe
1665:Chatham shag
1544:Shore plover
1531:
1418:Foveaux shag
1343:Blue penguin
1280:Okarito kiwi
1145:Spotted shag
1073:pūtangitangi
969:Grey warbler
795:
789:
771:
725:
721:
717:
711:
699:. Retrieved
688:
671:
667:
661:
645:(2): 79–95.
642:
638:
613:. Retrieved
608:
591:
572:
563:
553:
549:Latham, John
543:
523:
516:
506:
496:
487:
481:
475:
467:
452:
448:
442:
433:
430:Conservation
417:
399:
372:
358:Philesturnus
356:
344:
343:in his book
333:carunculatus
332:
328:
319:
310:
296:
286:
271:South Island
261:bird in the
253:
252:
248:
244:
242:
234:
230:
226:
225:
210:South Island
178:
176:
160:
159:
148:Philesturnus
147:
18:
2243:iNaturalist
2166:Wikispecies
2122:New Zealand
2064:ruru hinapō
1760:Bounty shag
1595:Black robin
1382:Black stilt
1215:ngutuparore
1179:tōrea pango
1090:tītipounamu
1039:tūturiwhatu
914:moho-pererū
597:Gill, Frank
341:John Latham
277:. Both the
275:New Zealand
2456:Categories
2425:Q109578438
2393:Xeno-canto
2052:manutahora
2008:Snipe-rail
1922:mātuhituhi
1568:Yellowhead
1556:Stitchbird
1484:Otago shag
1472:takahikare
1359:Endangered
1235:Flightless
1150:pārekareka
962:pīwakawaka
897:Brown teal
459:References
447:asked the
187:Gmelin, JF
137:Callaeidae
2300:103730490
2199:103730490
1807:pokotiwha
1694:Pitt shag
1549:tūturuatu
1513:tarāpunga
1460:kawau tūī
1394:Blue duck
1375:tarapiroe
1203:pōpokotea
1198:Whitehead
1121:Silvereye
804:1170-0254
571:(1993) .
424:avian pox
379:ship rats
259:passerine
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
2419:Wikidata
2261:11226802
2194:BirdLife
2151:Wikidata
1917:Bushwren
1819:tutukiwi
1448:tara-iti
1406:Fernbird
1363:(flying)
1162:miromiro
1102:pīwauwau
1085:Rifleman
1027:pīhoihoi
974:riroriro
950:kārearea
938:pohowera
921:Dabchick
878:tarāpuka
866:korimako
861:Bellbird
742:20676161
701:18 April
615:26 March
551:(1781).
504:(1789).
393:and the
293:Taxonomy
219:Synonyms
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
2439:8314550
2235:2484494
2222:saddle3
2209:saddle3
2157:Q760674
2096:Portals
1981:kērangi
1856:kaoriki
1830:Extinct
1646:ranguru
1297:tokoeka
1210:Wrybill
1061:pāpango
1010:koekoeā
957:Fantail
414:Threats
321:Sturnus
269:to the
267:endemic
189:, 1789)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
2385:143847
2372:368320
2346:194765
2330:NZOR:
2320:NZBO:
2313:192213
2287:562002
2274:110024
2248:117174
2181:ARKive
2023:ōiruki
1959:whēkau
1868:koreke
1844:piopio
1600:karure
1489:Matapo
1411:mātātā
1348:kororā
1331:tawaki
1316:Kākāpō
1157:Tomtit
1126:tauhou
1080:Pūkeko
1017:Kererū
998:kōtare
926:weweia
902:pāteke
890:pipipi
852:Common
802:
740:
579:
531:
206:
2359:61981
2256:IRMNG
2217:eBird
2206:BOW:
2110:Birds
2081:poūwa
1832:birds
1726:Toroa
1714:birds
1687:tāiko
1670:papua
1658:parea
1629:tōrea
1612:toroa
1588:birds
1573:mōhua
1537:tīeke
1525:tīeke
1309:hoiho
1273:roroa
1249:roroa
1237:birds
1138:tōrea
1022:Pipit
854:birds
781:(PDF)
763:(PDF)
453:tīeke
449:tīeke
337:Latin
317:genus
249:tīeke
2434:GBIF
2308:NCBI
2295:IUCN
2282:ITIS
2230:GBIF
2035:moho
1875:Huia
1561:hihi
1423:Kākā
1399:whio
1387:kakī
1338:Weka
1285:rowi
1191:tara
800:ISSN
738:PMID
720:)".
703:2018
668:Ibis
617:2023
577:ISBN
529:ISBN
488:2022
445:Māui
422:and
243:The
117:Aves
2269:ISC
1885:Moa
1428:Kea
1169:Tūī
730:doi
676:doi
672:146
647:doi
335:is
309:'s
273:of
247:or
2458::
2436::
2421::
2395::
2382::
2369::
2356::
2343::
2310::
2297::
2284::
2271::
2258::
2245::
2232::
2219::
2196::
2183::
2168::
2153::
986:ōi
750:^
736:.
726:58
724:.
670:.
643:13
641:.
637:.
625:^
607:.
486:.
480:.
397:.
389:,
365:.
289:.
2098::
2084:)
2078:(
2067:)
2061:(
2055:)
2049:(
2038:)
2032:(
2026:)
2020:(
1984:)
1978:(
1962:)
1956:(
1925:)
1919:(
1908:)
1902:(
1871:)
1865:(
1859:)
1853:(
1847:)
1841:(
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1816:(
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899:(
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887:(
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875:(
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863:(
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830:t
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806:.
744:.
732::
705:.
682:.
678::
655:.
649::
619:.
585:.
537:.
478:"
474:"
251:(
185:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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