20:
1783:
62:
1777:
57:
677:
is likely to be greeted by the call to '"Come off it, Gordon. We all know there is no sorrow like unto your sorrow"'; while any conventional 'valeoftearishness and deathwhereisthystingishness' would be met by the participants 'looking behind the sombre backs of one another's cards and discovering their brightly-colored faces'. Perhaps only the occasional subculture like the
733:: to cling to the object of sorrow, and to repair the injuries done to that object that caused the emotion in the first place. Thus the primary emotion of sorrow is the basis for the emotion of pity, which Shand describes as a fusion of sorrow and joy: sorrow at the injury done to the object of pity, and joy as an "element of sweetness" tinging that sorrow.
743:, at a loss, is a form of sorrow where there is no impulse to repair injury, and that therefore there are identifiable subcomponents of sorrow. He also observes that although there is an element of emotional pain in sorrow, there is no such element in pity, thus pity is not a compound made from sorrow as a simpler component.
676:
sorrowful can actually make me sorrowful, as
William James long ago observed". Certainly "in the modern Anglo-emotional culture, characterized by the 'dampening of the emotions' in general... sorrow has largely given way to the milder, less painful, and more transient sadness". A latter-day Werther
699:
the expression of the feeling causes its energy to grow'. At the same time, it would seem that 'grief in general is a "taming" of the primitive violent discharge affect, characterized by fear and self-destruction, to be seen in mourning'.
2264:
739:
disagreed with Shand's view, observing that Shand himself recognized that sorrow was itself derived from simpler elements. To support this argument, he observes that
726:, the others being fear, anger, and joy. In this system, when an impulsive tendency towards some important object is frustrated, the resultant sentiment is sorrow.
706:
suggests that 'taming sorrow, not fleeing sadness at once but allowing it to settle for a while...is what one of the temporary and yet indispensable phases of
687:
has (if anything) only intensified the shift: 'the postmodern is closer to the human comedy than to the abyssal discontent...the abyss of sorrow'.
589:
1071:
681:
would still seek to 'call up from the busy adult man the sorrow of animal life, the grief of all nature, "the tears of things"'.
695:'Not feeling sorrow invites fear into our lives. The longer we put off feeling sorrow, the greater our fear of it becomes.
2108:
2012:
2222:
1040:
1004:
2024:
992:
736:
103:
2096:
1982:
2312:
1957:
582:
2289:
1064:
641:
2212:
2242:
669:, "brooding over her sorrows... this excess of suffering" may nevertheless have serious consequences.
2322:
2217:
2019:
98:
2175:
2140:
1181:
723:
575:
2317:
2232:
2076:
1799:
1291:
1057:
108:
975:
2160:
2103:
1967:
1897:
1749:
1488:
1084:
696:
550:
87:
77:
2247:
1892:
1697:
1126:
646:
515:
2259:
2202:
2192:
2180:
2091:
2086:
2071:
2056:
1972:
1922:
1917:
1862:
1722:
1473:
1032:
1025:
290:
115:
729:
In Shand's view, the emotion of sorrow, which he classifies as a primary emotion, has two
8:
2207:
2170:
2155:
2125:
2066:
2051:
2007:
1992:
1887:
1877:
1523:
613:, implies a long-term state and suggests — unlike unhappiness — a degree of resignation.
545:
280:
72:
2165:
2145:
2130:
2120:
2061:
2041:
2002:
1997:
1962:
1947:
1907:
1867:
1739:
1478:
1468:
1116:
969:
672:
Partly in reaction, the 20th century has by contrast been pervaded by the belief that "
650:
540:
385:
82:
2355:
2150:
1977:
1952:
1929:
1902:
1717:
1707:
1564:
1554:
1421:
1348:
1281:
1251:
1036:
1000:
666:
525:
440:
430:
370:
275:
240:
92:
40:
24:
2307:
2113:
2081:
1754:
1628:
1623:
758:
555:
475:
470:
29:
2269:
2237:
2135:
1942:
1934:
1872:
1759:
1378:
624:
350:
657:
in 1889, still "of his high comrade Sorrow dreaming". While it may be that "the
2294:
2227:
2046:
1727:
1687:
1613:
1261:
707:
703:
684:
460:
255:
653:" — "O Sorrow, wilt thou live with me/No casual mistress, but a wife" — up to
645:
of 1774, and extending through the nineteenth century with contributions like
2349:
2302:
1987:
1671:
1537:
1389:
1358:
1286:
1191:
658:
500:
330:
285:
250:
200:
19:
2274:
2187:
2031:
1483:
1411:
1298:
1161:
175:
1841:
1814:
1653:
1591:
1463:
1431:
1353:
1333:
1226:
662:
654:
636:
616:
Moreover, in terms of attitude, sorrow can be considered halfway between
380:
325:
225:
2279:
1638:
1508:
1318:
1211:
1206:
1106:
1101:
485:
410:
300:
210:
140:
135:
1829:
1804:
1791:
1734:
1680:
1574:
1549:
1518:
1426:
1383:
1363:
1313:
1308:
1246:
1241:
1216:
1156:
1136:
1121:
1111:
763:
535:
505:
425:
405:
375:
355:
335:
235:
215:
170:
150:
145:
1824:
1819:
1809:
1744:
1581:
1503:
1493:
1458:
1445:
1328:
1271:
1221:
1201:
450:
400:
390:
310:
265:
220:
1049:
2254:
1834:
1782:
1776:
1702:
1662:
1648:
1643:
1633:
1544:
1404:
1303:
1266:
1236:
1231:
1196:
1176:
1166:
1151:
1093:
1080:
618:
610:
606:
520:
495:
490:
480:
295:
260:
230:
205:
190:
180:
165:
61:
56:
48:
2284:
1618:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1450:
1397:
1256:
1171:
465:
360:
245:
185:
2265:
Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems
1766:
1692:
1586:
1559:
1438:
1373:
1368:
1338:
1276:
1146:
1141:
753:
740:
560:
510:
455:
435:
345:
340:
315:
270:
160:
155:
968:
Beatrice Edgell (1929). "Sentiments, Character, Free Will".
1569:
1530:
1513:
1416:
1343:
1323:
1131:
678:
445:
420:
415:
365:
320:
305:
999:. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. pp. 68–69.
1498:
1186:
1031:(reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.
395:
195:
661:'s cult of sorrow is largely a matter of pretence", as
609:, feeling, or sentiment. Sorrow is more 'intense' than
794:
792:
1024:
991:
2347:
1660:
789:
967:
639:saw a cult of sorrow develop, reaching back to
1535:
1065:
1022:
583:
1839:
1678:
1669:
1436:
987:
985:
2338:indicate emotion names in foreign languages
1402:
1072:
1058:
974:. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. pp.
590:
576:
982:
18:
2348:
784:Emotions across Languages and Cultures
718:Sadness is one of four interconnected
713:
16:Emotion of prolonged, resigned sadness
1053:
947:The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis
1079:
13:
1016:
14:
2367:
997:Introduction To Social Psychology
923:(New York 1989) p. 258-9 and p. 3
1781:
1775:
665:pointed out satirically through
60:
55:
961:
952:
939:
926:
913:
900:
887:
849:(London 1932) p. 183 and p. 157
690:
874:
865:
852:
839:
826:
813:
801:
776:
1:
770:
2290:Social emotional development
642:The Sorrows of Young Werther
7:
1536:
934:Little Book of Big Emotions
746:
10:
2372:
834:Romanticism in Perspective
2333:
1852:
1790:
1773:
1092:
2223:in virtual communication
724:Alexander Faulkner Shand
631:
1840:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1437:
1403:
1023:William Lyons (1985).
88:Emotional intelligence
33:
895:The Meeting at Telgte
884:(Penguin 1974) p. 251
847:Sense and Sensibility
22:
2260:Group affective tone
949:(London 19460 p. 395
936:(London 2004) p. 115
910:(Dorset 1991) p. 239
291:Emotional Detachment
2313:constructed emotion
1983:functional accounts
897:(London 1981) p. 94
810:(London 1851) p. 84
714:Shand and McDougall
2213:in decision-making
1454:(sense of purpose)
860:Deeper than Reason
858:Jenefer Robinson,
823:(London 1983) p. 8
628:(not accepting)".
34:
2343:
2342:
1930:Appeal to emotion
1708:Social connection
993:William McDougall
958:Kristeva, p. 84-5
932:Erika M. Hunter,
871:Wierzbicka, p. 67
832:Lilian R. Furst,
798:Wierzbicka, p. 66
782:Anna Wierzbicka,
737:William McDougall
722:in the system of
667:Marianne Dashwood
600:
599:
526:Social connection
2363:
2318:discrete emotion
2218:in the workplace
2114:Empathy quotient
1845:
1785:
1779:
1684:
1675:
1666:
1541:
1442:
1408:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1030:
1011:
1010:
989:
980:
979:
971:Ethical Problems
965:
959:
956:
950:
943:
937:
930:
924:
919:Julia Kristeva,
917:
911:
904:
898:
891:
885:
878:
872:
869:
863:
856:
850:
843:
837:
830:
824:
817:
811:
805:
799:
796:
787:
780:
759:Regret (emotion)
622:(accepting) and
592:
585:
578:
64:
59:
36:
35:
30:Vincent van Gogh
2371:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2329:
2270:Jealousy in art
2013:in conversation
1935:Amygdala hijack
1848:
1786:
1780:
1771:
1760:sense of wonder
1088:
1078:
1043:
1019:
1017:Further reading
1014:
1007:
990:
983:
966:
962:
957:
953:
945:Otto Fenichel,
944:
940:
931:
927:
918:
914:
905:
901:
892:
888:
879:
875:
870:
866:
857:
853:
844:
840:
836:(1979) p. 102-3
831:
827:
818:
814:
806:
802:
797:
790:
781:
777:
773:
768:
749:
716:
693:
634:
596:
567:
566:
565:
130:
129:
120:
99:Self-regulation
97:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2369:
2359:
2358:
2341:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2323:somatic marker
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2297:
2295:Stoic passions
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2243:social sharing
2240:
2235:
2233:self-conscious
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2176:thought method
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2141:lateralization
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1968:classification
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1688:Sentimentality
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1524:at first sight
1521:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1448:
1443:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1262:Disappointment
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1005:
981:
960:
951:
938:
925:
912:
899:
893:Günter Grass,
886:
873:
864:
851:
838:
825:
812:
800:
788:
774:
772:
769:
767:
766:
761:
756:
750:
748:
745:
715:
712:
704:Julia Kristeva
692:
689:
685:Late modernity
633:
630:
598:
597:
595:
594:
587:
580:
572:
569:
568:
564:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
256:Disappointment
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
132:
131:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
119:
118:
113:
112:
111:
106:
95:
90:
85:
80:
78:Classification
75:
69:
66:
65:
52:
51:
45:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2368:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2337:
2332:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:dysregulation
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2025:interpersonal
2023:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:in psychology
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:consciousness
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1672:Schadenfreude
1668:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1538:Mono no aware
1534:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1435:
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1390:Joie de vivre
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1359:Gratification
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1287:Embarrassment
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1192:Belongingness
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1042:9780521316392
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845:Jane Austen,
842:
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819:W. B. Yeats,
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659:Romantic hero
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286:Embarrassment
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251:Determination
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109:Dysregulation
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104:Interpersonal
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31:
28:, drawing by
27:
26:
21:
2335:
2275:Meta-emotion
2188:Emotionality
2161:responsivity
2109:and bullying
2104:intelligence
1914:Affectivity
1898:neuroscience
1868:in education
1712:
1451:
1412:Homesickness
1388:
1314:Enthrallment
1299:Emotion work
1162:Anticipation
1026:
996:
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946:
941:
933:
928:
920:
915:
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906:Robert Bly,
902:
894:
889:
881:
880:C. P. Snow,
876:
867:
862:(2005) p. 82
859:
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828:
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815:
807:
803:
786:(1999) p. 66
783:
778:
735:
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719:
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702:
694:
691:Postponement
683:
673:
671:
640:
635:
623:
617:
615:
602:
601:
530:
176:Anticipation
23:
2203:and culture
2008:recognition
1993:homeostatic
1893:forecasting
1842:Weltschmerz
1815:Misanthropy
1592:grandiosity
1474:Inspiration
1464:Infatuation
1432:Humiliation
1354:Frustration
1227:Contentment
882:Last Things
808:In Memoriam
710:might be'.
663:Jane Austen
655:W. B. Yeats
651:In Memoriam
637:Romanticism
381:Humiliation
326:Frustration
226:Contentment
2280:Pathognomy
2181:well-being
2097:and gender
2092:expression
2087:exhaustion
2072:detachment
2057:competence
2038:Emotional
2020:regulation
2003:perception
1998:in animals
1948:and memory
1884:Affective
1792:Worldviews
1654:melancholy
1639:Resentment
1509:Loneliness
1484:Irritation
1469:Insecurity
1459:Indulgence
1334:Excitement
1319:Enthusiasm
1252:Depression
1212:Confidence
1207:Compassion
1182:Attraction
1107:Admiration
1102:Acceptance
771:References
720:sentiments
697:Postponing
486:Resentment
411:Loneliness
301:Enthusiasm
241:Depression
211:Confidence
141:Admiration
136:Acceptance
83:In animals
2308:appraisal
2248:sociology
2199:Emotions
2171:symbiosis
2156:reasoning
2126:isolation
2067:contagion
2052:blackmail
1978:expressed
1973:evolution
1963:and sleep
1953:and music
1888:computing
1835:Reclusion
1830:Pessimism
1805:Defeatism
1735:Suffering
1681:Sehnsucht
1624:Rejection
1575:self-pity
1550:Nostalgia
1519:limerence
1489:Isolation
1427:Hostility
1384:Happiness
1364:Gratitude
1309:Emptiness
1292:vicarious
1242:Curiosity
1217:Confusion
1157:Annoyance
1137:Amusement
1127:Agitation
1122:Affection
1117:Aesthetic
1112:Adoration
921:Black Sun
908:Iron John
821:The Poems
764:Suffering
546:Suspicion
536:Suffering
506:Self-pity
471:Rejection
426:Nostalgia
406:Limerence
376:Hostility
356:Happiness
336:Gratitude
281:Elevation
236:Curiosity
216:Confusion
171:Annoyance
151:Amusement
146:Affection
2356:Emotions
2350:Category
2166:security
2146:literacy
2131:lability
2121:intimacy
2062:conflict
2042:aperture
1939:Emotion
1923:negative
1918:positive
1908:spectrum
1873:measures
1825:Optimism
1820:Nihilism
1810:Fatalism
1800:Cynicism
1745:Sympathy
1740:Surprise
1582:Pleasure
1504:Kindness
1494:Jealousy
1479:Interest
1446:Hysteria
1329:Euphoria
1272:Distrust
1222:Contempt
1202:Calmness
1094:Emotions
1081:Emotions
995:(1994).
747:See also
731:impulses
708:analysis
647:Tennyson
625:distress
541:Surprise
451:Pleasure
401:Kindness
391:Jealousy
386:Interest
311:Euphoria
266:Distrust
221:Contempt
128:Emotions
49:Emotions
41:a series
39:Part of
2336:Italics
2299:Theory
2255:Feeling
2208:history
2193:bounded
2151:prosody
1958:and sex
1943:and art
1903:science
1859:Affect
1853:Related
1728:chronic
1703:Shyness
1663:Saudade
1649:Sadness
1644:Revenge
1634:Remorse
1565:Passion
1555:Outrage
1545:Neglect
1405:Hiraeth
1304:Empathy
1282:Ecstasy
1267:Disgust
1237:Cruelty
1232:Courage
1197:Boredom
1177:Arousal
1167:Anxiety
1152:Anguish
1027:Emotion
679:Jungian
619:sadness
611:sadness
607:emotion
521:Shyness
496:Saudade
491:Sadness
481:Remorse
441:Passion
431:Outrage
296:Empathy
276:Ecstasy
261:Disgust
231:Courage
206:Boredom
191:Arousal
181:Anxiety
166:Anguish
116:Valence
2303:affect
2285:Pathos
2238:social
2082:eating
1755:Wonder
1723:Stress
1713:Sorrow
1629:Relief
1619:Regret
1607:vanity
1602:insult
1597:hubris
1452:Ikigai
1422:Horror
1398:Hatred
1257:Desire
1247:Defeat
1172:Apathy
1039:
1003:
674:acting
605:is an
603:Sorrow
556:Wonder
531:Sorrow
476:Relief
466:Regret
371:Horror
361:Hatred
246:Desire
186:Apathy
73:Affect
32:, 1882
25:Sorrow
2228:moral
2136:labor
1988:group
1767:Worry
1750:Trust
1718:Spite
1698:Shock
1693:Shame
1587:Pride
1560:Panic
1439:Hygge
1379:Guilt
1374:Grief
1369:Greed
1339:Faith
1277:Doubt
1147:Angst
1142:Anger
1132:Agony
1033:42–43
754:Grief
741:grief
561:Worry
551:Trust
516:Shock
511:Shame
456:Pride
436:Panic
351:Guilt
346:Grief
341:Greed
316:Faith
271:Doubt
161:Angst
156:Anger
2047:bias
2032:work
1614:Rage
1570:Pity
1531:Lust
1514:Love
1417:Hope
1349:Flow
1344:Fear
1324:Envy
1085:list
1037:ISBN
1001:ISBN
649:'s "
632:Cult
461:Rage
446:Pity
421:Lust
416:Love
366:Hope
321:Fear
306:Envy
93:Mood
1499:Joy
1187:Awe
396:Joy
196:Awe
2352::
1035:.
984:^
976:73
791:^
43:on
1087:)
1083:(
1073:e
1066:t
1059:v
1045:.
1009:.
978:.
591:e
584:t
577:v
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