Socialization - Knowledge

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personality development than parental figures do. For example, twin brothers with an identical genetic heritage will differ in personality because they have different groups of friends, not necessarily because their parents raised them differently. Behavioral genetics suggest that up to fifty percent of the variance in adult personality is due to genetic differences. The environment in which a child is raised accounts for only approximately ten percent in the variance of an adult's personality. As much as twenty percent of the variance is due to measurement error. This suggests that only a very small part of an adult's personality is influenced by factors which parents control (i.e. the home environment). Harris grants that while siblings do not have identical experiences in the home environment (making it difficult to associate a definite figure to the variance of personality due to home environments), the variance found by current methods is so low that researchers should look elsewhere to try to account for the remaining variance. Harris also states that developing long-term personality characteristics away from the home environment would be evolutionarily beneficial because future success is more likely to depend on interactions with peers than on interactions with parents and siblings. Also, because of already existing genetic similarities with parents, developing personalities outside of childhood home environments would further diversify individuals, increasing their evolutionary success.

1035:(1902–1994) explained the challenges throughout the life course. The first stage in the life course is infancy, where babies learn trust and mistrust. The second stage is toddlerhood where children around the age of two struggle with the challenge of autonomy versus doubt. In stage three, preschool, children struggle to understand the difference between initiative and guilt. Stage four, pre-adolescence, children learn about industriousness and inferiority. In the fifth stage called adolescence, teenagers experience the challenge of gaining identity versus confusion. The sixth stage, young adulthood, is when young people gain insight into life when dealing with the challenge of intimacy and isolation. In stage seven, or middle adulthood, people experience the challenge of trying to make a difference (versus self-absorption). In the final stage, stage eight or old age, people are still learning about the challenge of integrity and despair.< This concept has been further developed by Klaus Hurrelmann and Gudrun Quenzel using the dynamic model of "developmental tasks". 1412:, and come to see themselves and others as members of the group". The existing literature conceptualizes racial socialization as having multiple dimensions. Researchers have identified five dimensions that commonly appear in the racial socialization literature: cultural socialization, preparation for bias, promotion of mistrust, egalitarianism, and other. Cultural socialization, sometimes referred to as "pride development", refers to parenting practices that teach children about their racial history or heritage. Preparation for bias refers to parenting practices focused on preparing children to be aware of, and cope with, discrimination. Promotion of mistrust refers to the parenting practices of socializing children to be wary of people from other races. Egalitarianism refers to socializing children with the belief that all people are equal and should be treated with common humanity. In the 1604:. It is the result of the productive processing of interior and exterior realities. Bodily and mental qualities and traits constitute a person's inner reality; the circumstances of the social and physical environment embody the external reality. Reality processing is productive because human beings actively grapple with their lives and attempt to cope with the attendant developmental tasks. The success of such a process depends on the personal and social resources available. Incorporated within all developmental tasks is the necessity to reconcile personal individuation and social integration and so secure the "I-dentity". The process of productive processing of reality is an enduring process throughout the life course. 1197:

well as a need to learn and be exposed to radically different norms and values. One common example involves resocialization through a total institution, or "a setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society and manipulated by an administrative staff". Resocialization via total institutions involves a two step process: 1) the staff work to root out a new inmate's individual identity; and 2) the staff attempt to create for the inmate a new identity. Other examples include the experiences of a young person leaving home to join the military, or of a religious convert internalizing the beliefs and rituals of a new faith. Another example would be the process by which a

1510:, and foreign investment globally. Building technology is made easy, is improved and carried out due to the ease with which interaction in interest services and media work can be connected. Citizens must instil in themselves excellent morals, ethics, and values and must preserve human rights or have sound judgment to be able to lead a country to a higher developmental level in order to construct a decent and democratic society for nation-building. Developing nations can transfer agricultural technology and machinery like tractors, harvesters, and agrochemicals to enhance the agricultural sector of the economy through socialization. 1167:

where children and adults learn how to act in a way that is appropriate for the situations they are in. Schools require very different behavior from the home, and children must act according to new rules. New teachers have to act in a way that is different from pupils and learn the new rules from people around them. Secondary socialization is usually associated with teenagers and adults and involves smaller changes than those occurring in primary socialization. Examples of secondary socialization may include entering a new profession or relocating to a new environment or society.

45: 1216: 1361:". Gender socialization refers to the learning of behavior and attitudes considered appropriate for a given sex: boys learn to be boys and girls learn to be girls. This "learning" happens by way of many different agents of socialization. The behavior that is seen to be appropriate for each gender is largely determined by societal, cultural, and economic values in a given society. Gender socialization can therefore vary considerably among societies with different values. The family is certainly important in reinforcing 988:. Socialization as a concept originated concurrently with sociology, as sociology was defined as the treatment of "the specifically social, the process and forms of socialization, as such, in contrast to the interests and contents which find expression in socialization". In particular, socialization consisted of the formation and development of social groups, and also the development of a social state of mind in the individuals who associate. Socialization is thus both a cause and an effect of 1224:

new employees' future work-environment affects the way they are able to apply their skills and abilities to their jobs. How actively engaged the employees are in pursuing knowledge affects their socialization process. New employees also learn about their work group, the specific people they will work with on a daily basis, their own role in the organization, the skills needed to do their job, and both formal procedures and informal norms. Socialization functions as a

5653: 1060:. Mead claimed that the self is not there at birth, rather, it is developed with social experience. Since social experience is the exchange of symbols, people tend to find meaning in every action. Seeking meaning leads us to imagine the intention of others. Understanding intention requires imagining the situation from the other's point of view. In effect, others are a mirror in which we can see ourselves. Charles Horton Cooley (1902-1983) coined the term 1064:, which means self-image based on how we think others see us. According to Mead, the key to developing the self is learning to take the role of the other. With limited social experience, infants can only develop a sense of identity through imitation. Gradually children learn to take the roles of several others. The final stage is the generalized other, which refers to widespread cultural norms and values we use as a reference for evaluating others. 5679: 5666: 841: 1243: 1018:

Second, the conventional stage (typical for adolescents and adults) is characterized by an acceptance of society's conventions concerning right and wrong, even when there are no consequences for obedience or disobedience. Finally, the post-conventional stage (more rarely achieved) occurs if a person moves beyond society's norms to consider abstract ethical principles when making moral decisions.

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relationships are considered when judging a situation. Gilligan also studied the effect of gender on self-esteem. She claimed that society's socialization of females is the reason why girls' self-esteem diminishes as they grow older. Girls struggle to regain their personal strength when moving through adolescence as they have fewer female teachers and most authority figures are men.

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were analyzed over a period of time using ultrasound techniques. Using kinematic analysis, the results of the experiment were that the twin foetuses would interact with each other for longer periods and more often as the pregnancies went on. Researchers were able to conclude that the performance of movements between the co-twins was not accidental but specifically aimed.

1295:). The acceptance transition-point is then reached and the individual becomes a full member. However, this transition can be delayed if the individual or the group reacts negatively. For example, the individual may react cautiously or misinterpret other members' reactions in the belief that they will be treated differently as a newcomer. 1130:. Starting from the 14th week of gestation twin foetuses plan and execute movements specifically aimed at the co-twin. These findings force us to predate the emergence of social behavior: when the context enables it, as in the case of twin foetuses, other-directed actions are not only possible but predominant over self-directed actions." 1528:

the more positive social learning experiences we have, the happier we tend to be—especially if we are able to learn useful information that helps us cope well with the challenges of life. A high ratio of negative to positive socialization can make a person unhappy, leading to defeated or pessimistic feelings about life.

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Natural socialization occurs when infants and youngsters explore, play and discover the social world around them. Natural socialization is easily seen when looking at the young of almost any mammalian species (and some birds). On the other hand, planned socialization is mostly a human phenomenon; all

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Individuals and groups change their evaluations of and commitments to each other over time. There is a predictable sequence of stages that occur as an individual transitions through a group: investigation, socialization, maintenance, resocialization, and remembrance. During each stage, the individual

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Resocialization refers to the process of discarding former behavior-patterns and reflexes while accepting new ones as part of a life transition. This can occur throughout the human life-span. Resocialization can be an intense experience, with individuals experiencing a sharp break with their past, as

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studied moral reasoning and developed a theory of how individuals reason situations as right from wrong. The first stage is the pre-conventional stage, where a person (typically children) experience the world in terms of pain and pleasure, with their moral decisions solely reflecting this experience.

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Organizational socialization is the process whereby an employee learns the knowledge and skills necessary to assume his or her role in an organization. As newcomers become socialized, they learn about the organization and its history, values, jargon, culture, and procedures. Acquired knowledge about

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Secondary socialization refers to the process of learning what is the appropriate behavior as a member of a smaller group within the larger society. Basically, it involves the behavioral patterns reinforced by socializing agents of society. Secondary socialization takes place outside the home. It is

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learns the attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture. Primary socialization for a child is very important because it sets the groundwork for all future socialization. It is mainly influenced by immediate family and friends. For example, if a child's

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Principal evidence of this theory is uncovered by examining Twin pregnancies. The main argument is, if there are social behaviors that are inherited and developed before birth, then one should expect twin foetuses to engage in some form of social interaction before they are born. Thus, ten foetuses

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Negative socialization occurs when socialialization agents use punishment, harsh criticisms, or anger to try to "teach us a lesson"; and often we come to dislike both negative socialization and the people who impose it on us. There are all types of mixes of positive and negative socialization, and

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A society's political culture is inculcated in its citizens and passed down from one generation to the next as part of the political socialization process. Agents of socialization are thus people, organizations, or institutions that have an impact on how people perceive themselves, behave, or have

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contends that socialization theory is "inadequate" for explaining gender, because it presumes a largely consensual process except for a few "deviants", when really most children revolt against pressures to be conventionally gendered; because it cannot explain contradictory "scripts" that come from

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Socialization produces the economic, social, and political development of any particular country. The nature of the compromise between nature and nurture also determines whether society is good or harmful. Political socialization is described as "the long developmental process by which an infant

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compared the moral development of girls and boys in her theory of gender and moral development. She claimed that boys have a justice perspective - meaning that they rely on formal rules to define right and wrong. Girls, on the other hand, have a care-and-responsibility perspective, where personal

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Anticipatory socialization refers to the processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships. For example, a couple might move in together before getting married in order to try out, or anticipate, what living together will be like.

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Maccoby, E.E. & Martin, J.A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In P.H. Mussen (Series Ed.) & E.M. Hetherington (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (4th ed., pp. 1–101). New York:

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and behavior in adulthood. Parental behavior and the home environment has either no effect on the social development of children, or the effect varies significantly between children. Adolescents spend more time with peers than with parents. Therefore, peer groups have stronger correlations with

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Circumstantial evidence supporting the social pre-wiring hypothesis can be revealed when examining newborns' behavior. Newborns, not even hours after birth, have been found to display a preparedness for social interaction. This preparedness is expressed in ways such as their imitation of facial

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Positive socialization is the type of social learning that is based on pleasurable and exciting experiences. Individual humans tend to like the people who fill their social learning processes with positive motivation, loving care, and rewarding opportunities. Positive socialization occurs when

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As parents are present in a child's development from the beginning, their influence in a child's early socialization is very important, especially in regard to gender roles. Sociologists have identified four ways in which parents socialize gender roles in their children: Shaping gender related

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Oppression socialization refers to the process by which "individuals develop understandings of power and political structure, particularly as these inform perceptions of identity, power, and opportunity relative to gender, racialized group membership, and sexuality". This action is a form of

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through history, people have made plans for teaching or training others. Both natural and planned socialization can have good and bad qualities: it is useful to learn the best features of both natural and planned socialization in order to incorporate them into life in a meaningful way.

937:"—as regards the society where it occurs. Individual views are influenced by the society's consensus and usually tend toward what that society finds acceptable or "normal". Socialization provides only a partial explanation for human beliefs and behaviors, maintaining that 2671:

McGue, M., Bouchard, T.J. Jr., Iacono, W.G. & Lykken, D.T. (1993). Behavioral genetics of cognitive stability: A life-span perspectiveness. In R. Plominix & G.E. McClearn (Eds.), Nature, nurture, and psychology (pp. 59-76). Washington, DC: American Psychological

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In this stage, former members reminisce about their memories of the group and make sense of their recent departure. If the group reaches a consensus on their reasons for departure, conclusions about the overall experience of the group become part of the group's

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If the divergence point is reached, the former full member takes on the role of a marginal member and must be resocialized. There are two possible outcomes of resocialization: the parties resolve their differences and the individual becomes a full member again

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Similar to Gurdjieff's philosophy, the Landmark Forum teaches that we must break out of our traditional habits in order to see and act differently . are highly controlled and teachers seek to break students down emotionally and then build them back

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Acts of violence and forms of bullying contribute to the negative socialisation imposed on soldiers, representing an acclimatisation to the production of lethal force; the internalised resentment and anger of the recruit is directed outwards

1495:(even an adult) citizen learns, imbibes and ultimately internalizes the political culture (core political values, beliefs, norms and ideology) of his political system in order to make him a more informed and effective political participant." 3364:

Through socialization process, developing countries like Nigeria can now transfer agricultural technology and equipment like tractor, harvesters, and agro-chemical materials to improve the agricultural sector of Nigerian

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the use of language; acquiring competence in a language, the novice is by the same token socialized into the categories and norms of the culture, while the culture, in turn, provides the norms of the use of language.

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is partly inherited and can influence infants and also even influence foetuses. Wired to be social means that infants are not taught that they are social beings, but they are born as prepared social beings.

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viewed society as an external force controlling individuals through the imposition of sanctions and codes of law. However, constraints and sanctions also arise internally as feelings of guilt or anxiety.

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Now that the individual has moved from a prospective member to a new member, the recruit must accept the group's culture. At this stage, the individual accepts the group's norms, values, and perspectives

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and the group evaluate each other, which leads to an increase or decrease in commitment to socialization. This socialization pushes the individual from prospective to new, full, marginal, and ex member.

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attributes through toys and activities, differing their interaction with children based on the sex of the child, serving as primary gender models, and communicating gender ideals and expectations.

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Planned socialization occurs when other people take actions designed to teach or train others. This type of socialization can take on many forms and can occur at any point from infancy onward.

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Socialization essentially represents the whole process of learning throughout the life course and is a central influence on the behavior, beliefs, and actions of adults as well as of children.

1305:). While many members remain in this stage until the end of their membership, some individuals may become dissatisfied with their role in the group or fail to meet the group's expectations ( 2998:

Hughes, D.; Rodriguez, J.; Smith, E.; Johnson, D.; Stevenson, H.; Spicer, P. (2006). "Parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices: A review of research and directions for future study".

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Behaviorism makes claims that when infants are born they lack social experience or self. The social pre-wiring hypothesis, on the other hand, shows proof through a scientific study that

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The economic, social and political development of any given nation is the product of socialization. Society is good or bad also is determined by the nature of nature-nurture compromise.

3270:: "Both natural and planned socialization can have good and bad features: It is wise to learn the best features of both natural and planned socialization and weave them into our lives." 3068:

Factor 3 represents items and attitudes that endorse the teaching of pride and knowledge of African-American culture to children and is entitled Pride Development Socialization (PDS).

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The social pre-wiring hypothesis was proved correct, "The central advance of this study is the demonstration that 'social actions' are already performed in the second trimester of

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opinion about a minority or majority group, then that child may think this behavior is acceptable and could continue to have this opinion about that minority or majority group.

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Rotherman, M., & Phinney, J. (1987). "Introduction: Definitions and perspectives in the study of children's ethnic socialization". In J. Phinney & M. Rotherman (Eds.),

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different socialization agents in the same society, and because it does not account for conflict between the different levels of an individual's gender (and general) identity.

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From the late 1980s, sociological and psychological theories have been connected with the term socialization. One example of this connection is the theory of

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Kammeyer-Mueller, J.D.; Wanberg, C.R. (2003). "Unwrapping the organizational entry process: Disentangling antecedents and their pathways to adjustment".

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Research by Kenneth J. Levine and Cynthia A. Hoffner identifies parents as the main source of anticipatory socialization in regard to jobs and careers.

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This stage is marked by a cautious search for information. The individual compares groups in order to determine which one will fulfill their needs (

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Levine, K.J.; Hoffner, C.A. (2006). "Adolescents' conceptions of work: What is learned from different sources during anticipatory socialization?".

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to explain how social experience develops an individual's self-concept. Mead's central concept is the self: It is composed of self-awareness and

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desired behaviors are reinforced with a reward, encouraging the individual to continue exhibiting similar behaviors in the future.

1280:). The end of this stage is marked by entry to the group, whereby the group asks the individual to join and they accept the offer. 1433:

in its relation to power and the persistent compliance of the disadvantaged with their oppression using limited "overt coercion".

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Group socialization is the theory that an individual's peer groups, rather than parental figures, become the primary influence on

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other orientations. In contemporary democratic government, political parties are the main forces behind political socialization.

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Moreland, Richard L.; Levine, John M. (1982). "Socialization in Small Groups: Temporal Changes in Individual-Group Relations".

449: 5085: 5005: 4980: 4859: 4739: 4342: 2883: 2864: 2827: 2473: 2231: 1816: 1795: 5205: 4413: 4073: 3624: 2844:(2011). "Gender as a practical concern in children's management of play participation". In S.A. Speer and E. Stokoe (ed.). 4985: 4910: 4837: 4813: 4761: 871: 468: 3838: 2399:"Analysis the Status of Socialization Variables in the Iran High School Textbooks with Emphasize on Motahari's Thoughts" 984:

have existed for centuries. In its earliest usages, socialization was simply the act of socializing or another word for

5645: 5597: 5230: 4616: 4369: 3575: 3557: 3510: 3172: 3154: 3136: 2966: 2803: 1875: 1771: 2078: 5721: 5025: 3388: 3222:: "Natural socialization occurs when infants and youngsters explore, play and discover the social world around them." 3054: 2510: 1994: 1966: 1936: 810: 800: 504: 464: 3234:: "Natural socialization is easily seen when looking at the young of almost any mammalian species (and some birds)." 2772:

Plomin, R. (1990). Nature and nurture: An introduction to human behavioral genetics. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

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Based on comparative research in different societies, and focusing on the role of language in child development,

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Introduction – Integration? : On the introduction programs’ importance for the integration of new employees

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Mirjalili, Seyyed Mohammad Ali; Abari, Ahmad Ali Foroughi; Gholizadeh, Azar; Yarmohammadian, M. Hossein (2016).

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Hurrelmann, Klaus and Quenzel, Gudrun (2019) Developmental Tasks in Adolescence. London/New York: Routledge

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Language Acquisition and Language Socialization: Ecological Perspectives – Advances in Applied Linguistics

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Introduktion – Integration? : Om introduktionsprogrammets betydelse för integration av nyanställda

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lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior.

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Harris, J.R. (1995). "Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development".

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reinforce gender roles through "countless subtle and not so subtle ways". In peer-group activities,

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During this stage, the individual and the group negotiate what contribution is expected of members (

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gender-roles may also be rejected, renegotiated, or artfully exploited for a variety of purposes.

916:. Socialization encompasses both learning and teaching and is thus "the means by which social and 5622: 5463: 5329: 5155: 5135: 5125: 4940: 4920: 4791: 4779: 4769: 4626: 4358: 4266: 4105: 3807: 2202: 2010:; Baker, J. H. (2007). "Genetic influences on measures of the environment: a systematic review". 1613: 1601: 1442: 1430: 864: 604: 594: 564: 444: 429: 394: 314: 309: 209: 2958: 2206: 1357:

Henslin contends that "an important part of socialization is the learning of culturally defined

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Stretch, B. and Whitehouse, M. (eds.) (2007) Health and Social Care Book 1. Oxford: Heinemann.

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gestures. This observed behavior cannot be contributed to any current form of socialization or

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birth. Research in the theory concludes that newborns are born into the world with a unique

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have developed the theory of language socialization. They discovered that the processes of

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Bester, G (2007). "Personality development of the adolescent: peer group versus parents".

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in that newcomers learn to internalize and obey organizational values and practices.

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Bogard, Kimber (2008). "Citizenship attitudes and allegiances in diverse youth".

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Martin, Samuel D. (1 January 2009) . "Self-Help or Personal Development Groups".

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National Center for Research on Cultural Diversity and Second Language Learning.

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The Give and Take of Everyday Life: Language, Socialization of Kaluli Children

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Lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies

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How to Achieve Total Enlightenment: A Practical Guide to the Meaning of Life

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It is the process by which individuals learn their own societies culture.

5541: 5453: 5397: 5235: 5020: 4719: 4538: 4316: 4271: 3785: 3721: 2741: 1978: 1948: 1561: 1445: 1352: 1251: 1198: 1053: 992:. The term was relatively uncommon before 1940, but became popular after 942: 741: 713: 685: 569: 524: 254: 229: 1320:), or the group and the individual part ways via expulsion or voluntary 927:. Humans need social experiences to learn their culture and to survive. 5488: 5483: 5200: 4935: 4475: 3953: 3938: 3873: 3699: 3678: 3633: 2180: 2102: 1712: 1618:

The problem of order, or Hobbesian problem, questions the existence of

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within a given human collectivity. Institutions are identified with a

1365:, but so are groups - including friends, peers, school, work, and the 996:, appearing in dictionaries and scholarly works such as the theory of 5150: 4301: 3727: 3684: 3667: 3663: 2247: 1647: 985: 885: 693: 649: 36: 3589:

Sociological Foundations Supporting the Study of Cultural Diversity.

3081: 2726:"Why are children in the same family so different from one another?" 2684:"Why are children in the same family so different from one another?" 2156: 1844:(Student and home ed.). Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. 19:

This article is about the sociological concept. For other uses, see

5602: 5362: 5067: 4306: 3764: 2547:] (Bachelor thesis) (in Swedish). Sweden: University of Skövde. 1662: 1565: 1531: 1503: 1201:

learns to function socially in a dramatically altered gender-role.

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Bayley, Robert; Schecter, Sandra R. (2003). Multilingual Matters,

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Brute Reality: Structures of Representation in 'The War on Terror'

3353:

International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies

3317:"POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION AND NATION BUILDING: THE CASE OF NIGERIA" 3289:

International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies

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The theory of socialization. A syllabus of sociological principles

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The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

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Duranti, Alessandro; Ochs, Elinor; Schieffelin, Bambi B. (2011).

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Socialization may lead to desirable outcomes—sometimes labeled "

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Language Socialization: Encyclopedia of Language and Education

1954:

Nature Via Nurture: Genes, Experience, and What Makes us Human

3853: 3672: 3602: 3346:"Socialization, Genetic Issue in Nigeria and Nation Building" 3282:"Socialization, Genetic Issue in Nigeria and Nation Building" 2306: 2285: 2273: 1717: 1577: 1507: 1150: 2997: 2461: 3125:

Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language

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Political sociology: Oppression, resistance, and the state

3043:

Jagers, Robert J.; Watts, Roderick J. (24 October 2018) .

2983:

Children's ethnic socialization: Pluralism and development

2848:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 296–309. 1291:), and the group may adapt to fit the new member's needs ( 3046:

Manhood Development in Urban African-American Communities

2953:

Gender and power: society, the person and sexual politics

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and socialization do not occur apart from the process of

3246:: "Planned socialization is mostly a human phenomenon ." 2817: 2815: 2392: 2390: 1067: 3442: 3440: 2557: 2337:"Wired to Be Social: The Ontogeny of Human Interaction" 2505:. Kansas City: Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 44. 1786:

Billingham, M. (2007) Sociological Perspectives p.336

2812: 2387: 1021: 3437: 2871: 2852: 1416:, white people are socialized to perceive race as a 1583: 1345:

Sociology of gender § Gender and socialization

2985:(pp. 10-28). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 2950: 2335:Castiello, Umberto; et al. (7 October 2010). 2229: 1811:(7th Canadian ed.). Toronto: Pearson Canada. 3518:Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 3425:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 5698: 3544:Duff, Patricia A.; Hornberger, Nancy H. (2010). 3102:Glasberg, Davita Silfen; Shannon, Deric (2011). 1912:Dusheck, Jennie, "The Interpretation of Genes". 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3101: 3079: 2472:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchaeferLamm1992 ( 2211:. New York: The Macmillan company. pp. 1–2 1807:Macionis, John J.; Gerber, Linda Marie (2010). 1766:(15th ed.). Boston: Pearson. p. 126. 1204: 1010:Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development 3106:. Thousand Oaks: Pine Forge Press. p. 47. 2781: 2486: 2315: 2291: 2279: 1806: 1003: 4343: 3618: 2723: 2681: 2432: 2230:Morawski, Jill G.; St. Martin, Jenna (2011). 1548:In the social sciences, institutions are the 1170: 865: 3566:. Continuum International Publishing Group, 3448:Social Structure and Personality Development 3180: 3119:Schieffelin, Bambi B.; Ochs, Elinor (1987). 2467: 2006: 1862:. North-Holland: Elsevier. pp. 462–66. 1858:(2006). "Socialization". In K. Brown (ed.). 1594:Social Structure and Personality Development 1028:Erikson's stages of psychosocial development 4357: 3042: 2957:. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press. pp. 2896: 2882:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGilligan1990 ( 2863:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGilligan1982 ( 2834: 2603: 2601: 2599: 1622:and asks if it is possible to oppose them. 1423: 955:Genetic studies have shown that a person's 4350: 4336: 3625: 3611: 3459:Hurrelmann, Klaus; Bauer, Ullrich (2018). 3049:(reprint ed.). Taylor & Francis. 2826:sfn error: no target: CITEREFHenslin1999 ( 2784:Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 2126: 1848: 1489: 1161: 872: 858: 43: 4086:Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder 3446:Hurrelmann, Klaus (1989, reissued 2009). 3011: 2993: 2991: 2922: 2897:Epstein, Marina; Ward, Monique L (2011). 2749: 2707: 2571: 2370: 2360: 2334: 1983:Psychology: Brain, Behavior & Culture 1741: 1739: 1522: 1513: 1436: 1052:(1863–1931) developed a theory of social 957:environment interacts with their genotype 5514:Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance 3110: 2877: 2858: 2596: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2201: 1860:Encyclopedia of language and linguistics 1761: 1576:and permanence, transcending individual 1480: 1472: 1241: 1214: 1138: 3450:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 3422:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3267: 3255: 3243: 3231: 3219: 3193: 3082:"The Whiteness of Prejudice Plus Power" 2945: 2840: 2821: 2636: 1854: 1399: 1338: 923:Socialization is strongly connected to 5699: 3515: 3414: 3161:The Handbook of Language Socialization 3121:Language Socialization across Cultures 2988: 2652: 2607: 2498: 2151: 2133:(Master's Thesis). Wesleyan University 2120: 1921: 1736: 1534:can examplify negative socialization. 1231: 5006:Psychological effects of Internet use 4331: 3606: 3376: 3314: 3310: 3308: 3097: 3095: 2321: 2108:. Oxford University Press. March 2017 1068:Contradictory evidence to behaviorism 4074:Right-wing authoritarian personality 3461:Socialisation During the Life Course 3415:Miller, Seumas (21 December 2014) . 3196:"What is the socialization process?" 2536: 1607: 1149:Primary socialization occurs when a 4986:Digital media use and mental health 3582:McQuail's Mass Communication Theory 3383:. London: Pluto Press. p. 53. 3343: 3279: 2724:Plomin, R; Daniels, D (June 2011). 1929:Psychology: the science of behavior 1115:to some extent social behavior and 13: 4617:Automatic and controlled processes 3470: 3305: 3273: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3092: 2655:South African Journal of Education 2537:Adam, Alvenfors (1 January 2010). 1931:. Pearson (3rd Canadian edition). 1219:Organizational Socialization Chart 1185: 1022:Stages of psychosocial development 959:to influence behavioral outcomes. 946:predetermined by their environment 14: 5738: 5026:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 2083:. F. Jefferies. 1851. p. 465 2059:. 6 September 1841. p. 505. 5677: 5664: 5652: 5651: 5051:Mobile phones and driving safety 3344:Amaechi, Dr (Mrs) Louisa Ngozi. 3280:Amaechi, Dr (Mrs) Louisa Ngozi. 3080:Gil De Lamadrid, Daniel (2022). 2682:Plomin, R.; Daniels, D. (1987). 1598:productive processing of reality 1584:Productive processing of reality 1081:The social pre-wiring hypothesis 839: 4954:Computer-mediated communication 3453: 3408: 3377:Price, Stuart (15 March 2010). 3370: 3337: 3073: 3036: 2975: 2939: 2890: 2775: 2766: 2675: 2665: 2646: 2551: 2530: 2492: 2426: 2412: 2297: 2223: 2195: 2145: 2095: 2071: 2048: 2000: 1972: 1942: 1537: 1111:. Rather, newborns most likely 425:Peace, war, and social conflict 5231:Empathising–systemising theory 4534:female intrasexual competition 4471:Evolutionarily stable strategy 4069:Authoritarian leadership style 3632: 3584:: Fifth Edition, London: Sage. 3141:Schieffelin, Bambi B. (1990). 3127:. Cambridge University Press, 2435:Journal of Adolescent Research 2127:St. Martin, Jenna (May 2007). 1906: 1884: 1868:10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00353-9 1833: 1800: 1780: 1755: 1745:Clausen, John A. (ed.) (1968) 1038: 21:Socialization (disambiguation) 1: 5591:Standard social science model 4644:Cognitive tradeoff hypothesis 3974:Social construction of gender 3419:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 2796:10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60297-X 2688:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2560:Journal of Applied Psychology 2055:"Fourier and his partisans". 1927:Carlson, N.R.; et al. (2005) 1729: 1723:Value (personal and cultural) 1349:Social construction of gender 5439:Missing heritability problem 5031:Social aspects of television 4654:Evolution of nervous systems 4622:Computational theory of mind 3969:Rally 'round the flag effect 3463:. London/New York: Routledge 2362:10.1371/journal.pone.0013199 1205:Organizational socialization 7: 5727:Majority–minority relations 5685:Evolutionary biology portal 4172:Asch conformity experiments 3889:Identification (psychology) 3324:European Scientific Journal 3194:Baldwin, John (July 2001). 2622:10.1037/0033-295x.102.3.458 2420:"SparkNotes: Socialization" 1630: 1596:, he develops the model of 1406:racial-ethnic socialization 1004:Stages of moral development 10: 5743: 5646:Evolutionary psychologists 5519:Trivers–Willard hypothesis 5434:Human–animal communication 5146:Ovulatory shift hypothesis 4996:Imprinted brain hypothesis 4964:Human–computer interaction 4187:Stanford prison experiment 3929:Normative social influence 3530:10.1037/1099-9809.14.4.286 3022:10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747 2582:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.779 2487:Macionis & Gerber 2010 2316:Macionis & Gerber 2010 2292:Macionis & Gerber 2010 2280:Macionis & Gerber 2010 2173:10.1177/000271629500600304 2157:"The Problem of Sociology" 1762:Macionis, John J. (2013). 1611: 1541: 1443:linguistic anthropologists 1420:and a black-white binary. 1342: 1235: 1208: 1189: 1177:Anticipatory socialization 1174: 1171:Anticipatory socialization 1142: 1042: 1025: 1007: 969: 965: 920:continuity are attained". 96:Human environmental impact 18: 5640: 5566:Environmental determinism 5537:Cultural selection theory 5529: 5424:Evolutionary epistemology 5411: 5338:evolutionary neuroscience 5300: 5293: 5191: 5066: 5011:Rank theory of depression 4934: 4858: 4760: 4566: 4559: 4513:Parent–offspring conflict 4422: 4365: 4195: 4164: 4136:Normalization of deviance 4098: 4064:Authoritarian personality 4056: 3816: 3773: 3647: 3640: 3491:Resources in your library 2915:10.1007/s11199-011-9975-7 2700:10.1017/s0140525x00055941 2026:10.1017/S0033291706009524 1747:Socialisation and Society 1404:Racial socialization, or 1258: 5722:Sociological terminology 5459:Cultural group selection 5343:Biocultural anthropology 5036:Societal impacts of cars 4969:Media naturalness theory 4659:Fight-or-flight response 4146:Preference falsification 3580:McQuail, Dennis (2005). 3562:Kramsch, Claire (2003). 3315:Odoemelam, Uche Bright. 3000:Developmental Psychology 2468:Schaefer & Lamm 1992 2447:10.1177/0743558406293963 2203:Giddings, Franklin Henry 2080:The Gentleman's Magazine 1751:Little Brown and Company 1698:Socialization of animals 1424:Oppression socialization 1313:Stage 4: Resocialization 1133: 1093:socially oriented action 1045:Reciprocal socialization 925:developmental psychology 190:Structural functionalism 5659:Evolutionary psychology 5623:Sociocultural evolution 5464:Dual inheritance theory 4921:Personality development 4382:Theoretical foundations 4359:Evolutionary psychology 3808:Tyranny of the majority 2846:Conversation and Gender 1842:Encyclopædia Britannica 1614:Political socialization 1602:personality development 1502:Socialization enhances 1490:Political socialization 1431:political socialization 1162:Secondary socialization 210:Symbolic interactionism 105:Industrial revolutions 5581:Social constructionism 5576:Psychological nativism 5551:Biological determinism 5499:Recent human evolution 5494:Punctuated equilibrium 5317:Behavioral epigenetics 5312:evolutionary economics 5281:Variability hypothesis 5226:Emotional intelligence 4959:Engineering psychology 4649:Evolution of the brain 4111:Communal reinforcement 3864:False consensus effect 3594:White, Graham (1977). 3548:, Volume 8. Springer, 2013:Psychological Medicine 1523:Negative socialization 1514:Positive socialization 1437:Language socialization 1391:Sociologist of gender 1284:Stage 2: Socialization 1268:Stage 1: Investigation 1247: 1220: 200:Social constructionism 5608:Multilineal evolution 5571:Nature versus nurture 5530:Theoretical positions 5378:Functional psychology 5373:Evolutionary medicine 5348:Biological psychiatry 5056:Texting while driving 5046:Lead–crime hypothesis 4906:Cognitive development 4891:Caregiver deprivation 4402:Gene selection theory 4215:Anti-social behaviour 4210:Anti-authoritarianism 3949:Pluralistic ignorance 3796:National conservatism 3791:Left-wing nationalism 3774:Governmental pressure 3417:"Social institutions" 2236:History of Psychology 2065:2027/pst.000055430180 1653:Functional illiteracy 1643:Cultural assimilation 1481:Natural socialization 1473:Planned socialization 1245: 1218: 1145:Primary socialization 1139:Primary socialization 1103:wiring to be social. 575:Conversation analysis 150:Social stratification 5717:Deviance (sociology) 5561:Cultural determinism 5368:Evolutionary biology 5353:Cognitive psychology 5301:Academic disciplines 4949:Cognitive ergonomics 4916:Language acquisition 4896:Childhood attachment 4709:Wason selection task 4603:Behavioral modernity 4392:Cognitive revolution 4375:Evolutionary thought 4177:Breaching experiment 3964:Operant conditioning 3909:Mere exposure effect 3587:Mehan, Hugh (1991). 2610:Psychological Review 1708:Structure and agency 1458:language acquisition 1400:Racial socialization 1339:Gender socialization 1328:Stage 5: Remembrance 1299:Stage 3: Maintenance 972:History of sociology 900:) is the process of 898:spelling differences 892:(Modern English; or 5628:Unilineal evolution 5393:Population genetics 5178:Sexy son hypothesis 5116:Hormonal motivation 5096:Concealed ovulation 4637:Dual process theory 4508:Parental investment 4057:Individual pressure 3934:Passing (sociology) 3869:Fear of missing out 3834:Closure (sociology) 3748:Enemy of the people 2489:, pp. 120–121. 2353:2010PLoSO...513199C 2103:"socialization, n." 2008:Kendler, Kenneth S. 1668:Positive psychology 1246:Group socialization 1232:Group socialization 1154:mother expresses a 1109:social construction 1050:George Herbert Mead 160:Social cycle theory 31:Part of a series on 5586:Social determinism 5469:Fisher's principle 5429:Great ape language 5419:Cultural evolution 5388:Philosophy of mind 5221:Division of labour 5183:Westermarck effect 5131:Mating preferences 5041:Distracted driving 4775:Literary criticism 4632:Domain specificity 4612:modularity of mind 4225:Civil disobedience 4182:Milgram experiment 4121:Creeping normality 4023:Social integration 3959:Psychosocial issue 3899:Invented tradition 3753:Enemy of the state 3598:, London: Longman. 2742:10.1093/ije/dyq148 2155:(1 January 1895). 2057:The London Phalanx 1693:Social integration 1248: 1221: 1199:transsexual person 1119:through genetics. 1089:social interaction 1062:looking glass self 846:Society portal 469:History of science 450:Race and ethnicity 130:Social environment 5694: 5693: 5672:Psychology portal 5636: 5635: 5479:Hologenome theory 5449:Unit of selection 5444:Primate cognition 5358:Cognitive science 5289: 5288: 5160:Sexual attraction 5136:Mating strategies 4901:Cinderella effect 4831:Moral foundations 4735:Visual perception 4627:Domain generality 4596:Facial expression 4544:Sexual dimorphism 4503:Natural selection 4449:Hamiltonian spite 4325: 4324: 4205:Alternative media 4094: 4093: 4033:Spiral of silence 3904:Memory conformity 3844:Consensus reality 3737:Persona non grata 3658:Damnatio memoriae 3477:Library resources 3145:. P CUP Archive, 1840:"socialization". 1818:978-0-13-800270-1 1796:978-0-435-49915-0 1608:Oversocialization 1450:Bambi Schieffelin 1015:Lawrence Kohlberg 882: 881: 600:Social experiment 480:Social psychology 125:Social complexity 5734: 5681: 5668: 5655: 5654: 5298: 5297: 5294:Related subjects 5081:Adult attachment 4608:Cognitive module 4564: 4563: 4551:Social selection 4525:Costly signaling 4520:Sexual selection 4407:Modern synthesis 4352: 4345: 4338: 4329: 4328: 4250:Devil's advocate 4220:Auto-segregation 4116:Countersignaling 4043:Toxic positivity 4018:Social influence 3979:Social contagion 3824:Bandwagon effect 3781:Authoritarianism 3645: 3644: 3627: 3620: 3613: 3604: 3603: 3541: 3464: 3457: 3451: 3444: 3435: 3434: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3399: 3397: 3374: 3368: 3367: 3361: 3359: 3350: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3321: 3312: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3295: 3286: 3277: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3235: 3229: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3210: 3208: 3207: 3191: 3178: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3077: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3063: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3015: 2995: 2986: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2956: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2926: 2894: 2888: 2887: 2875: 2869: 2868: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2838: 2832: 2831: 2819: 2810: 2809: 2779: 2773: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2753: 2721: 2711: 2679: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2650: 2644: 2640: 2634: 2633: 2605: 2594: 2593: 2575: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2521: 2519: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2477: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2430: 2424: 2423: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2394: 2385: 2384: 2374: 2364: 2332: 2319: 2313: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2289: 2283: 2277: 2271: 2270: 2268: 2267: 2258:. Archived from 2248:10.1037/a0021984 2227: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2124: 2118: 2117: 2115: 2113: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2004: 1998: 1987:Wiley & Sons 1976: 1970: 1946: 1940: 1925: 1919: 1910: 1904: 1888: 1882: 1881: 1852: 1846: 1845: 1837: 1831: 1830: 1804: 1798: 1784: 1778: 1777: 1759: 1753: 1743: 1590:Klaus Hurrelmann 1303:role negotiation 1095:already present 874: 867: 860: 844: 843: 595:Network analysis 485:Sociocybernetics 475:Social movements 205:Social darwinism 155:Social structure 47: 28: 27: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5697: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5632: 5618:Neoevolutionism 5525: 5509:Species complex 5474:Group selection 5412:Research topics 5407: 5383:Neuropsychology 5285: 5271:Substance abuse 5193:Sex differences 5187: 5101:Coolidge effect 5062: 4974:Neuroergonomics 4939: 4930: 4854: 4756: 4690:Folk psychology 4571: 4555: 4425: 4418: 4361: 4356: 4326: 4321: 4292:Insubordination 4240:Culture jamming 4230:Cosmopolitanism 4191: 4160: 4131:Internalization 4090: 4052: 3812: 3803:Totalitarianism 3769: 3636: 3631: 3601: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3473: 3471:Further reading 3468: 3467: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3438: 3413: 3409: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3375: 3371: 3357: 3355: 3348: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3319: 3313: 3306: 3293: 3291: 3284: 3278: 3274: 3266: 3262: 3254: 3250: 3242: 3238: 3230: 3226: 3218: 3214: 3205: 3203: 3192: 3181: 3177: 3115: 3111: 3100: 3093: 3078: 3074: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3041: 3037: 3013:10.1.1.525.3222 2996: 2989: 2980: 2976: 2969: 2944: 2940: 2909:(1–2): 108–18. 2895: 2891: 2881: 2876: 2872: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2839: 2835: 2825: 2820: 2813: 2806: 2780: 2776: 2771: 2767: 2730:Int J Epidemiol 2680: 2676: 2670: 2666: 2651: 2647: 2641: 2637: 2606: 2597: 2573:10.1.1.318.5702 2556: 2552: 2535: 2531: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2497: 2493: 2485: 2481: 2471: 2466: 2462: 2431: 2427: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2403: 2401: 2395: 2388: 2333: 2322: 2314: 2307: 2302: 2298: 2290: 2286: 2278: 2274: 2265: 2263: 2228: 2224: 2214: 2212: 2200: 2196: 2150: 2146: 2136: 2134: 2125: 2121: 2111: 2109: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2086: 2084: 2077: 2076: 2072: 2054: 2053: 2049: 2005: 2001: 1977: 1973: 1947: 1943: 1926: 1922: 1918:, October 2002. 1915:Natural History 1911: 1907: 1896:The Blank Slate 1889: 1885: 1878: 1853: 1849: 1839: 1838: 1834: 1819: 1805: 1801: 1785: 1781: 1774: 1760: 1756: 1744: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1683:Behavioral sink 1633: 1616: 1610: 1586: 1546: 1540: 1525: 1516: 1492: 1483: 1475: 1439: 1426: 1402: 1355: 1341: 1261: 1240: 1234: 1213: 1207: 1194: 1192:Resocialization 1188: 1186:Resocialization 1179: 1173: 1164: 1147: 1141: 1136: 1074:social behavior 1070: 1047: 1041: 1033:Erik H. Erikson 1030: 1024: 1012: 1006: 998:Talcott Parsons 982:state of nature 974: 968: 878: 838: 831: 830: 791: 781: 780: 708: 634: 620: 618:Major theorists 610: 609: 545: 535: 534: 225: 215: 214: 185:Critical theory 180:Conflict theory 175: 165: 164: 135:Social equality 76: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5740: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5675: 5662: 5649: 5641: 5638: 5637: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5539: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5523: 5522: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5415: 5413: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5323: 5314: 5304: 5302: 5295: 5291: 5290: 5287: 5286: 5284: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5197: 5195: 5189: 5188: 5186: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5162: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5072: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5060: 5059: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 5001:Mind-blindness 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4977: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4945: 4943: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4875: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4846: 4845: 4835: 4834: 4833: 4823: 4822: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4801: 4796: 4795: 4794: 4784: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4766: 4764: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4754: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4713: 4712: 4711: 4706: 4696: 4694:theory of mind 4687: 4678: 4677: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4640: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4605: 4600: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4577: 4575: 4561: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4553: 4548: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4527: 4517: 4516: 4515: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4489: 4488: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4461:Baldwin effect 4458: 4457: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4436: 4430: 4428: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4411: 4410: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4379: 4378: 4377: 4366: 4363: 4362: 4355: 4354: 4347: 4340: 4332: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4263: 4262: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4235:Counterculture 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4201: 4199: 4197:Anticonformity 4193: 4192: 4190: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4156:Social reality 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4102: 4100: 4096: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4077: 4076: 4071: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4050: 4048:Untouchability 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4014: 4013: 4008: 4007: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3986: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3914:Milieu control 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3894:Indoctrination 3891: 3886: 3884:Herd mentality 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3820: 3818: 3817:Group pressure 3814: 3813: 3811: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3799: 3798: 3793: 3783: 3777: 3775: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3756: 3755: 3750: 3740: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3724: 3714: 3709: 3708: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3695:Cancel culture 3692: 3682: 3675: 3670: 3661: 3653: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3630: 3629: 3622: 3615: 3607: 3600: 3599: 3592: 3585: 3578: 3576:978-0826453723 3560: 3558:978-9048194667 3542: 3513: 3511:978-1853596353 3498: 3494: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3465: 3452: 3436: 3407: 3389: 3369: 3336: 3304: 3272: 3260: 3248: 3236: 3224: 3212: 3179: 3176: 3175: 3173:978-1444342888 3157: 3155:978-0521386548 3139: 3137:978-0521339193 3123:. Volume 3 of 3116: 3109: 3091: 3072: 3055: 3035: 3006:(5): 747–770. 2987: 2974: 2968:978-0804714303 2967: 2938: 2889: 2870: 2851: 2842:Cromdal, Jakob 2833: 2811: 2805:978-0120152155 2804: 2774: 2765: 2674: 2664: 2645: 2635: 2595: 2550: 2529: 2511: 2491: 2479: 2470:, p. 113. 2460: 2425: 2411: 2386: 2347:(10): e13199. 2320: 2318:, p. 109. 2305: 2296: 2294:, p. 111. 2284: 2282:, p. 108. 2272: 2222: 2194: 2144: 2119: 2094: 2070: 2047: 1999: 1971: 1941: 1920: 1905: 1891:Pinker, Steven 1883: 1877:978-0080448541 1876: 1856:Cromdal, Jakob 1847: 1832: 1817: 1799: 1779: 1773:978-0133753271 1772: 1754: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1658:Indoctrination 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1624:Émile Durkheim 1609: 1606: 1592:. In his book 1585: 1582: 1574:social purpose 1564:governing the 1542:Main article: 1539: 1536: 1524: 1521: 1515: 1512: 1491: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1474: 1471: 1438: 1435: 1425: 1422: 1401: 1398: 1381:Carol Gilligan 1340: 1337: 1272:reconnaissance 1260: 1257: 1238:Group dynamics 1233: 1230: 1226:control system 1209:Main article: 1206: 1203: 1190:Main article: 1187: 1184: 1175:Main article: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1160: 1156:discriminatory 1143:Main article: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1083:refers to the 1069: 1066: 1040: 1037: 1026:Main article: 1023: 1020: 1008:Main article: 1005: 1002: 967: 964: 880: 879: 877: 876: 869: 862: 854: 851: 850: 849: 848: 833: 832: 829: 828: 823: 818: 813: 808: 803: 798: 792: 787: 786: 783: 782: 636: 635: 621: 616: 615: 612: 611: 608: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 546: 541: 540: 537: 536: 533: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 297: 292: 287: 282: 277: 272: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 245:Astrosociology 242: 237: 232: 226: 221: 220: 217: 216: 213: 212: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 176: 171: 170: 167: 166: 163: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 103: 98: 93: 91:Human behavior 88: 83: 77: 74: 73: 70: 69: 68: 67: 62: 57: 49: 48: 40: 39: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5739: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5707:Socialization 5705: 5704: 5702: 5687: 5686: 5680: 5676: 5674: 5673: 5667: 5663: 5661: 5660: 5650: 5648: 5647: 5643: 5642: 5639: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5613:Neo-Darwinism 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5598:Functionalism 5596: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5556:Connectionism 5554: 5552: 5549: 5548: 5547: 5546:indeterminism 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5410: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5309: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5296: 5292: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:Schizophrenia 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5251:Mental health 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5190: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5126:Mate guarding 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5086:Age disparity 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5016:Schizophrenia 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4941:Mental health 4937: 4936:Human factors 4933: 4927: 4926:Socialization 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886:paternal bond 4883: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4844: 4841: 4840: 4839: 4836: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4827: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4793: 4790: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4772: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4763: 4759: 4751: 4750:Naïve physics 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4717: 4716:Motor control 4714: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4701: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4682: 4679: 4675: 4674:Ophidiophobia 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4664:Arachnophobia 4662: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4613: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4591:Display rules 4589: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4582: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4562: 4558: 4552: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4522: 4521: 4518: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4493:Kin selection 4491: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4441: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4421: 4415: 4412: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4387:Adaptationism 4385: 4384: 4383: 4380: 4376: 4373: 4372: 4371: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4360: 4353: 4348: 4346: 4341: 4339: 4334: 4333: 4330: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4287:Individualism 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4261: 4258: 4257: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4194: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4126:Herd behavior 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4101: 4097: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4081:Control freak 4079: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4028:Socialization 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3991: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3981: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3944:Peer pressure 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3924:Normalization 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3849:Culture shock 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3815: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3788: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3778: 3776: 3772: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3719: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3706: 3705:Deplatforming 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3628: 3623: 3621: 3616: 3614: 3609: 3608: 3605: 3597: 3596:Socialisation 3593: 3590: 3586: 3583: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3524:(4): 286–96. 3523: 3519: 3514: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3492: 3489: 3488: 3483: 3482:Socialization 3478: 3462: 3456: 3449: 3443: 3441: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3411: 3404: 3392: 3390:9780745320809 3386: 3382: 3381: 3373: 3366: 3354: 3347: 3340: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3309: 3301: 3290: 3283: 3276: 3269: 3264: 3257: 3252: 3245: 3240: 3233: 3228: 3221: 3216: 3202:on 2012-10-25 3201: 3197: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3113: 3105: 3098: 3096: 3087: 3083: 3076: 3069: 3058: 3056:9781317720850 3052: 3048: 3047: 3039: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2994: 2992: 2984: 2978: 2970: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2954: 2948: 2947:Connell, R.W. 2942: 2934: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2893: 2885: 2879: 2878:Gilligan 1990 2874: 2866: 2860: 2859:Gilligan 1982 2855: 2847: 2843: 2837: 2829: 2824:, p. 76. 2823: 2818: 2816: 2807: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2778: 2769: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2736:(3): 563–82. 2735: 2731: 2727: 2722:Reprinted in 2719: 2715: 2710: 2705: 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