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278:, and the homes and dependencies of the Snyder family, who originally owned the land. They range in age from the bed of the canal, where the cement was discovered in 1825 during construction, to some of the last factories built before production was ended in 1970. Included are not just homes, barns, and factories but mines, reservoirs, and a
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in 1978 that was never completed. The
Century House Historical Society (CHHS) acquired the 19 acres (7.7 ha) around the eponymous 1809 building where Jacob Lowe Snyder lived at the time of the canal's construction. It was chartered provisionally in 1992 and fully in 2000. It runs the property as
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Snyder and the company's technical team tried to keep up with the changes, but they were as old as he was and had trouble getting the formula right. The market for the natural cement the property still produced was almost negligible, and in 1970 Snyder finally halted production almost a century and a
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coal miners the canal was built to serve. In 1830, Snyder leased the southeastern corner of his property to Watson
Lawrence. Lawrence had already built a cement plant on adjacent land. Other mines and cement plants opened up in the 32-square-mile (83 km) area along the Rondout as well, creating
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dropped 90% in the first decade of the 20th century. Local industrial magnate Samuel
Coykendall eventually tried to salvage the Rosendale industry through mergers, combining all the local companies save the ones on the Snyder property into one. The Consolidated Rosendale Cement Company was no more
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Natural cement production began almost immediately after its discovery inside district bounds by James McEntee, an engineer on the D&H canal construction project in 1825. Production peaked by the end of the 19th century at about 4,000,000 barrels per year. Demand for natural cement fell during
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mine into one of the hillsides, is the oldest cement mine on the property. It was constructed using the room and pillar technique, where pillars of dolomite have been left to support the overlying rock. The largest of the mines, it has been likened to an underground pillared room. The deep mining
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The district is shaped like a letter "r", solidly bounded by the roads and creek on three of its sides, but with its eastern boundary mostly following old roads between Route 213, Binnewater road and
Sawdust avenue. Physically, it is dominated by two large hills,
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network as a way to get product to market, building a siding to the plant. In keeping with a general national trend, this began a shift away from the canal that had spawned the cement works, and within two decades the canal would carry its last loads.
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Rosendale was such a leader in cement production that
Rosendale cement had become the generic name for American-made natural cement no matter where it was manufactured ... Musicians have recorded in the mine because of its exceptional
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Lawrence retained control of the new
Lawrenceville Cement Company, but was ousted after three years when William Beach took over. Beach expanded the production facilities, in time for the rise in demand that occurred as the
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599:(CHHS) operates the site as a museum that is open to the public on Sunday afternoons in the summer season. The museum is also known as the "Century House Historical Society Museum" and the "Snyder Estate Museum".
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Recognizing its historic importance not just to the region but the country as a whole, two staffers at the
American Association for State and Local History prepared an application to have the district designated a
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Several of the many contributing resources to the district are notable in their own right. None have yet been separately listed on the
Register, save the sections of canal bed, a National Historic Landmark.
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soon put an end to that venture, and by 1935 it had become the
Century Cement Manufacturing Co., wholly owned by Snyder. He was able to keep the company going through the later 1930s when he allowed
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of historic buildings that had originally used it or similar materials. The factory's closure left those builders without any source of authentic material. In 2004 Edison
Coatings, Inc., of
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The Snyder family owned and farmed the property since 1755. In 1809, Christopher and Deborah Snyder commissioned for their newlywed son, Jacob Lowe Snyder, a house with an accompanying
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Snyder reinvested much of the Lawrence Cement Company's profits in improving its technical quality. He courted buyers for large, high-profile government projects like New York City's
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the 20th century due to competitive pressure from Portland cement. The final cement company closed its operations in 1970 after a valiant attempt to survive mounted by A. J. Snyder.
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of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company so that a canal could be built across the property. As a condition of building the canal, Jacob required the company to build him a
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for any natural cement, regardless of where it was produced. The popularity ultimately strained the company's finances to the point of failure; the company closed in 1858.
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At the same time he also took advantage of a discovery that Portland cement could be made even more quickly and last longer when combined with natural cement in an 80:20
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that the company built for Snyder is also intact, and is possibly the only remaining slip from the original construction along the entire length of the former canal.
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court had forced the sale of the Snyder company from William Snyder to 21-year-old Andrew J. Snyder II after a disagreement over the sharing of
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It fell during the war years but rebounded afterward to even higher levels as highway construction picked up again with the development of the
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so he could ship his produce to market, and a bridge to reach his mill. Crews excavating the area a short while later found large deposits of
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As the century ended, the natural-cement industry dominated the market. The Snyder family was proud that their cement had been used in the
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Jacob Lowe Snyder's 1809 frame house, renovated in the 1940s, is the core of the CHHS property and the oldest building in the district.
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to set up shop in the abandoned Beach Mine. Eventually, that would produce five tons (4.5 tonnes) per day before it stopped in 1960.
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to the south, which rise to over 300 feet (91 m) in elevation, more than 200 feet (61 m) above the creek's waters to the south.
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half after Rosendale cement had first been discovered on the bed of the long-abandoned canal. He himself died five years later
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on the creek. Known today as the Century House, it is the oldest extant building in the district whose age is precisely known.
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Van Roll. Three years later it was built next to the existing facilities and began turning out cement. Around the same time,
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developed an additive to Portland cement which eliminated the need for the Rosendale mix, and cut costs even further.
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industry. Rosendale Natural Cement was used in the building of many historic buildings and structures, including the
642:, the Empire State Building (foundation) and dams and many other public works projects. There is also a display of
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The property is mostly wooded save for the developed areas. Some of the areas along the road are old fields, today
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docks. This helped create a reputation for quality that unwittingly resulted "Rosendale cement" becoming a
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Immediately upon its discovery, quarries were built, kilns erected and production commenced under contract
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named Kling, who leased a portion of the property from Snyder and started the Interstate Cement Company.
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The company set up production facilities almost immediately, as similar cement was used to construct the
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In addition to the canal bed, other aspects of the canal remain within the district. There is a waste
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Rosendale Natural Cement Products and began offering an authentic, historically accurate replacement.
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Between them in a narrow valley sit the remains of one of the largest cement plants in it. An old
806:"National Register of Historic Places nomination, Snyder Estate Natural Cement Historic District"
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682:. This drastic exterior redesign did not cost the house its historic status as its original
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runs from there to the northeast corner near where it once joined the main line at today's
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
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found that there were significant reserves in the Hudson Valley of the type of
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Snyder had been exploring the possibilities of making Portland cement as well.
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runs through the lower portion of the district, paralleling the dry bed of the
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Genero, Peter P. (2005) Thank Rosendale. Genero Press, Fort Pierce, FL
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In the plant's last years, one of the few markets it had left was the
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successful than any of its component companies had been, and was in
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The Industrial Archaeology of a Rosendale Cement Works at Whiteport
519:. In 1954 Rosendale cement was used for the nearby sections of the
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during that period eventually toppled the Rosendale variety, whose
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Hudson Valley Ruins: Forgotten Landmarks of an American Landscape
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670:, in 1950 the windows and roof were converted to a more standard
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Houses of Andrew (left) and Charles Snyder along Route 213, 2008
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National Register of Historic Places in Ulster County, New York
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that was used to keep the canal full during dry stretches. The
678:. It was also refaced in polychrome glazed brick imported from
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that, once pulverized and mixed, could be turned into natural
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The younger Beach took advantage of the recently constructed
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saw a rapid increase in demand after the lull caused by the
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255:. It is a 275-acre (111 ha) tract roughly bounded by
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needed, so in 1958 the company bought a plant from the
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representing what remains of five plants that produced
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259:, Binnewater and Cottekill roads and Sawdust Avenue.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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698:next to it, and just west of Binnewater Road is a
907:. Professional Trade Publications. Archived from
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899:Grunwald, Gayle; Werner, Dietrich (Fall 2007).
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1670:Historical society museums in New York (state)
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356:In 1825, Jacob ceded a portion of his land to
241:Snyder Estate Natural Cement Historic District
1655:Historic districts in Ulster County, New York
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983:"Quadricentennial Challenge: Widow Jane Mine"
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16:Historic district in New York, United States
1619:National Register of Historic Places Portal
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1036:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
42:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
937:. Century House Historical Society. 2005
493:. This blend was particularly suited to
410:The Lawrenceville Cement plant, ca. 1875
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1650:Mining communities in New York (state)
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512:production was again on the increase.
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282:. After an aborted attempt to secure
270:Within the district's bounds are 122
292:National Register of Historic Places
1665:Mining museums in the United States
725:operations are mostly flooded with
686:and interior layout remain intact.
587:Significant contributing properties
284:National Historic Landmark District
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1660:Museums in Ulster County, New York
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662:. Originally built in 1887 as a
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861:University Press of New England
830:. Whiteport Press, Kingston, NY
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901:"Keeping Natural Cement Alive"
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368:containing an ideal amount of
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957:"History of Rosendale Cement"
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666:-style mansion complete with
120:Show map of the United States
1570:National Historic Landmarks
323:Binnewater Historic District
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32:Snyder Estate Natural Cement
21:United States historic place
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430:and its connections to the
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733:are hosted in the summer.
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557:National Historic Landmark
388:a vibrant local industry.
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1685:Mines in New York (state)
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849:Rinaldi, Thomas (2006).
654:Andrew J. Snyder I House
504:projects and increasing
428:Wallkill Valley Railroad
316:Wallkill Valley Railroad
207:Architectural style
826:Howe, Dennis E. (2009)
610:The house features the
573:Plainville, Connecticut
272:contributing properties
194:275 acres (111 ha)
1059:Keeper of the Register
963:. Edison Coatings, Inc
857:Lebanon, New Hampshire
636:Grand Central Terminal
622:, the pedestal of the
612:Cement Industry Museum
521:New York State Thruway
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51:U.S. Historic district
1579:Outside New York City
1074:National Park Service
1054:Contributing property
644:horse-drawn carriages
409:
175:41.84722°N 74.09778°W
1263:New York (Manhattan)
911:on September 1, 2008
751:Hudson Valley portal
690:Canal infrastructure
286:status in 1978, the
95:Show map of New York
1675:Rosendale, New York
1566:Bridges and tunnels
961:rosendalecement.net
905:Traditional Masonry
720:Widow Jane Mine, a
660:Ceramic Brick House
632:Washington Monument
626:, the wings of the
376:without additives.
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171: /
658:Known also as the
508:. By the start of
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397:Brooklyn Navy Yard
243:is located in the
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1064:Historic district
624:Statue of Liberty
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245:Town of Rosendale
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984:
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870:1-58465-598-4
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845:
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728:
723:
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687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:Second Empire
661:
651:
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641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
603:Century House
600:
598:
593:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
558:
547:
543:
541:
537:
536:Swiss company
533:
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522:
518:
513:
511:
507:
503:
500:
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492:
487:
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476:
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470:
466:
465:Ulster County
461:
459:
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450:
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429:
424:
422:
418:
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
389:
386:
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377:
375:
371:
370:clay minerals
367:
363:
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354:
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306:
295:
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281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
262:
258:
257:Rondout Creek
254:
253:United States
250:
246:
242:
232:
230:Added to NRHP
228:
225:
222:
215:
212:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
156:
152:
149:
146:
142:
139:
135:
132:
128:
107:
82:
72:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
29:
25:
19:
1530:Poughkeepsie
1458:New Rochelle
1358:St. Lawrence
977:
967:September 8,
965:. Retrieved
960:
951:
941:September 8,
939:. Retrieved
929:
920:
915:September 7,
913:. Retrieved
909:the original
904:
881:
874:. Retrieved
851:
844:
835:
827:
822:
812:September 6,
810:. Retrieved
719:
693:
668:mansard roof
659:
657:
628:U.S. Capitol
611:
609:
606:
596:
594:
590:
566:
553:
550:Preservation
544:
525:
514:
510:World War II
502:public works
488:
477:
462:
458:receivership
453:market share
442:
439:20th century
425:
413:
401:generic term
390:
378:
355:
348:
345:19th century
339:
327:
313:
301:
269:
240:
238:
144:Nearest city
18:
1559:Other lists
1408:Westchester
1338:Schenectady
1133:Cattaraugus
876:October 23,
727:groundwater
577:trademarked
569:restoration
463:In 1911 an
280:rail siding
178: /
154:Coordinates
1634:Categories
1398:Washington
1318:Rensselaer
1253:Montgomery
1238:Livingston
1143:Chautauqua
737:References
528:Geologists
417:Gilded Age
385:anthracite
381:Erie Canal
166:74°05′52″W
163:41°50′50″N
1540:Rochester
1535:Rhinebeck
1525:Peekskill
1486:Manhattan
1343:Schoharie
1223:Jefferson
1106:by county
935:"History"
922:acoustics
731:acoustics
700:reservoir
562:the house
532:limestone
473:Cleveland
460:by 1918.
421:Civil War
366:dolostone
351:gristmill
305:foothills
298:Geography
294:in 1992.
202:1825-1958
134:Rosendale
1599:Category
1545:Syracuse
1471:Brooklyn
1418:Southern
1413:Northern
1383:Tompkins
1373:Sullivan
1348:Schuyler
1333:Saratoga
1328:Rockland
1278:Onondaga
1218:Herkimer
1213:Hamilton
1193:Franklin
1178:Dutchess
1173:Delaware
1168:Cortland
1163:Columbia
1153:Chenango
1118:Allegany
1040:New York
540:chemists
499:New Deal
495:highways
395:and the
288:district
249:New York
224:92000695
148:Kingston
130:Location
1550:Yonkers
1453:Buffalo
1441:by city
1425:Wyoming
1368:Suffolk
1363:Steuben
1293:Orleans
1283:Ontario
1268:Niagara
1243:Madison
1203:Genesee
1158:Clinton
1148:Chemung
684:framing
676:dormers
648:sleighs
469:profits
336:History
330:meadows
307:of the
211:Federal
1645:Cement
1476:Queens
1448:Albany
1393:Warren
1388:Ulster
1353:Seneca
1313:Queens
1308:Putnam
1303:Otsego
1298:Oswego
1288:Orange
1273:Oneida
1258:Nassau
1248:Monroe
1208:Greene
1198:Fulton
1138:Cayuga
1128:Broome
1113:Albany
1047:Topics
867:
808:. 1992
638:, the
630:, the
374:cement
319:siding
261:NY 213
1466:Bronx
1439:Lists
1430:Yates
1403:Wayne
1378:Tioga
1233:Lewis
1188:Essex
1123:Bronx
1104:Lists
722:drift
680:Leeds
674:with
672:gable
581:brand
491:ratio
199:Built
1609:List
1183:Erie
969:2008
943:2008
917:2008
878:2007
865:ISBN
814:2008
704:slip
696:weir
646:and
595:The
579:the
478:The
362:slip
239:The
233:1992
191:Area
1038:in
219:No.
1636::
959:.
919:.
903:.
889:^
880:.
859::
855:.
761:^
650:.
634:,
575:,
332:.
267:.
251:,
247:,
138:NY
136:,
1028:e
1021:t
1014:v
985:.
971:.
945:.
816:.
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