304:
139:
527:
470:
54:
206:
434:
is similar to a flat engine in that pairs of pistons are co-axial but rather than sharing a crankshaft, instead share a single combustion chamber per pair of pistons. The crankshaft configuration varies amongst opposed-engine designs. One layout has a flat/boxer engine at its center and adds an
503:(sometimes called 'rotary engines') can be classified based on the number of rotors present. Most production Wankel engines have two rotors, however engines with one, three and four rotors have also been produced. Wankel engines can also be classified based on whether they are
452:
A Delta engine has three (or its multiple) cylinders having opposing pistons, aligned in three separate planes or 'banks', so that they appear to be in a Δ when viewed along the axis of the main-shaft. An example of this type of layout is the
153:(also known as "inline engines") have all cylinders aligned in one row along the crankshaft with no offset. When a straight engine is mounted at an angle, it is sometimes called a "slant engine". Types of straight engines include:
91:), each line of cylinders is referred to as a 'cylinder bank'. The angle between cylinder banks is called the 'bank angle'. Engines with multiple banks are shorter than straight engines of the same size, and will often have better
216:(also known as "Vee engines") have the cylinders aligned in two separate planes or 'banks', so that they appear to be in a "V" when viewed along the axis of the crankshaft. Types of V engines include:
415:
consist of two separate straight engines (complete with separate crankshafts) joined by gears or chains. Most U engines have four cylinders (i.e. two straight-two engines combined), such as
369:
W engines have the cylinders in a configuration in which the cylinder banks resemble the letter W, in the same way those of a V engine resemble the letter V. Types of W engines include:
317:(also known as "horizontally-opposed" or "boxer" engines) have the cylinders arranged in two banks on either side of a single crankshaft. Types of flat engines include:
783:
1335:
45:
are often categorized by the number of rotors present. Gas turbine engines are often categorized into turbojets, turbofans, turboprops and turboshafts.
442:
is essentially two V engines joined by a common crankshaft. A majority of these were existing V-12 engines converted into an X-24 configuration.
776:
1328:
713:
401:
have a similar configuration, except that the crankshaft is fixed and the cylinders rotate around it. (This is different from the
739:
427:
consist of two separate flat engines joined by gears or chains. H engines have been produced with between 4 and 24 cylinders.
1903:
769:
449:
with the K-Cycle engine is where pairs of pistons are in an opposed configuration sharing a cylinder and combustion chamber.
1992:
1321:
17:
1842:
514:
Most Wankel engines are fueled by petrol, however prototype engines running on diesel and hydrogen have been trialed.
894:
637:
1520:
1759:
1817:
1401:
987:
914:
538:
481:
303:
810:
699:
1344:
504:
35:
1953:
1867:
1832:
1812:
1764:
1672:
653:
1948:
1789:
1498:
1064:
904:
1723:
1545:
1059:
1014:
924:
857:
686:
287:
VR5 and VR6 engines are very compact and light, having a narrow V angle which allows a single
157:
1662:
1503:
1049:
1044:
1024:
949:
909:
899:
852:
847:
431:
307:
189:
168:
111:
1657:
1054:
1034:
1029:
1019:
939:
830:
825:
761:
446:
405:
configuration described below.) Radial and rotary engine designs were widely used in early
179:
174:
162:
435:
additional opposed-piston to each end so there are two pistons per cylinder on each side.
8:
1807:
1705:
1435:
1288:
1112:
1039:
934:
884:
352:
184:
632:. John Wood, illustrator (Phoebus 1977 ed.). London: Hamlyn / Phoebus. p. 70.
560:
engines— mostly used for aircraft— are usually separated into the following categories:
1728:
1525:
1107:
977:
972:
929:
867:
605:
347:
420:
416:
1530:
1470:
1421:
1097:
982:
967:
944:
633:
595:
337:
69:
41:
Piston engines are often categorized by their cylinder layout, valves and camshafts.
1822:
1779:
1738:
1687:
1652:
1573:
1560:
1087:
1082:
327:
321:
127:
123:
1933:
1644:
1493:
1450:
1102:
1092:
1006:
959:
862:
625:
406:
342:
332:
150:
103:
77:
138:
1799:
1769:
1624:
1391:
872:
600:
288:
92:
1257:
1252:
1227:
1222:
1986:
1971:
1862:
1855:
1677:
1609:
1604:
1568:
1485:
1425:
1386:
1376:
1313:
1283:
1273:
1130:
919:
837:
796:
500:
454:
402:
398:
394:
292:
220:
119:
65:
42:
1588:
1583:
1550:
1455:
1445:
1381:
1365:
815:
585:, a gas turbine optimised for producing mechanical torque instead of thrust
508:
579:, gasses travel through an unducted propeller, usually with variable pitch
1966:
1850:
1667:
1619:
1578:
1535:
1465:
1074:
879:
820:
557:
314:
143:
88:
58:
526:
469:
1938:
1898:
1877:
1872:
1774:
1682:
1614:
1540:
1480:
1411:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1162:
1150:
889:
842:
582:
383:
378:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
251:
241:
80:(or 'inline engine') when the cylinders are arranged in a single line.
73:
1893:
1634:
1629:
1416:
1396:
1232:
1169:
1157:
1145:
1140:
1135:
576:
373:
256:
246:
236:
231:
226:
115:
96:
1916:
1912:
1784:
1515:
1440:
1406:
1298:
1293:
1278:
1214:
1122:
570:
564:
439:
424:
412:
364:
213:
110:
layout. However, there are various exceptions to this, such as the
107:
84:
53:
83:
Where the cylinders are arranged in two or more lines (such as in
1943:
1827:
1754:
1733:
1510:
1460:
714:"Technically Interesting: Dr. Wankel's Quad-Rotor Mercedes SL"
791:
397:
have cylinders mounted radially around a central crankcase.
205:
106:
layout, and most engines with eight cylinders or more use a
1908:
1355:
34:
describes the fundamental operating principles by which
681:. Vol. 6, no. 5. February 2010. p. 39.
27:
Categorization system of internal combustion engines
1984:
102:Most engines with four or less cylinders use a
1343:
99:and potentially higher maximum engine speeds.
1329:
777:
95:characteristics, resulting in reduced engine
114:used by various luxury cars from 1919-1954,
567:, gasses travel through a propelling nozzle
1336:
1322:
784:
770:
460:
195:
654:"Engine of the Day: Packard Inline Eight"
624:
61:aircraft engine with three cylinder banks
1402:Crankcase ventilation system (PCV valve)
302:
204:
137:
52:
630:The story of Veteran & Vintage Cars
133:
14:
1985:
740:"How a Four-Rotor Wankel Engine Works"
517:
1317:
765:
118:used by some marine outboard motors,
618:
573:, gasses travel through a ducted fan
521:
464:
24:
25:
2004:
48:
525:
468:
389:
126:engines used by motorcycles and
1504:Overhead valve (pushrod) layout
298:
171:, also known as "inline-triple"
165:, also known as "parallel twin"
732:
706:
671:
646:
68:are usually designed with the
13:
1:
611:
324:, commonly called "flat-twin"
358:
200:
146:straight-4 motorcycle engine
7:
589:
310:flat-twin motorcycle engine
36:internal combustion engines
10:
2009:
1993:Internal combustion engine
1345:Internal combustion engine
628:(1977) . "War and Peace".
362:
223:, commonly called "V-twin"
1962:
1926:
1886:
1841:
1813:Diesel particulate filter
1798:
1765:Idle air control actuator
1747:
1714:
1706:Engine control unit (ECU)
1696:
1643:
1597:
1559:
1479:
1364:
1351:
1266:
1213:
1121:
1073:
1005:
996:
958:
803:
72:in lines parallel to the
1878:Viscous fan (fan clutch)
1790:Throttle position sensor
1499:Overhead camshaft layout
423:. Similar to U engines,
1417:Core plug (freeze plug)
461:Wankel (rotary) engines
196:Multiple cylinder banks
925:Single-acting cylinder
858:Double-acting cylinder
311:
210:
147:
130:used by various cars.
112:straight-eight engines
62:
793:Engine configurations
718:www.bringatrailer.com
432:opposed-piston engine
306:
208:
141:
56:
1658:Compression ignition
895:Oscillating cylinder
744:www.roadandtrack.com
679:Hemmings Classic Car
134:Single cylinder bank
32:engine configuration
1808:Catalytic converter
988:Two-and four-stroke
890:Intake over exhaust
518:Gas turbine engines
505:naturally aspirated
421:tandem twin engines
417:square four engines
18:Six-cylinder engine
1934:Knocking / pinging
1526:Combustion chamber
746:. 23 November 2016
606:Car classification
537:. You can help by
480:. You can help by
312:
211:
148:
63:
38:are categorized.
1980:
1979:
1949:Stratified charge
1716:Electrical system
1698:Engine management
1531:Compression ratio
1471:Starter ring gear
1370:rotating assembly
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1007:Inline / straight
905:Overhead camshaft
694:Missing or empty
596:Powertrain layout
555:
554:
498:
497:
447:Swashplate engine
128:flat-four engines
76:. It is called a
16:(Redirected from
2000:
1823:Exhaust manifold
1688:Spark plug wires
1574:Boost controller
1561:Forced induction
1338:
1331:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1003:
1002:
998:Cylinder layouts
786:
779:
772:
763:
762:
756:
755:
753:
751:
736:
730:
729:
727:
725:
710:
704:
703:
697:
692:
690:
682:
675:
669:
668:
666:
664:
658:www.jalopnik.com
650:
644:
643:
626:Posthumus, Cyril
622:
550:
547:
529:
522:
493:
490:
472:
465:
407:aircraft engines
151:Straight engines
21:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1958:
1954:Top dead centre
1922:
1882:
1837:
1794:
1743:
1717:
1710:
1699:
1692:
1639:
1593:
1555:
1511:Tappet / lifter
1494:Flathead layout
1484:
1475:
1369:
1360:
1347:
1342:
1312:
1303:
1262:
1209:
1117:
1069:
992:
954:
799:
790:
760:
759:
749:
747:
738:
737:
733:
723:
721:
720:. 21 March 2018
712:
711:
707:
695:
693:
684:
683:
677:
676:
672:
662:
660:
652:
651:
647:
640:
623:
619:
614:
592:
551:
545:
542:
535:needs expansion
520:
494:
488:
485:
478:needs expansion
463:
392:
367:
361:
301:
203:
198:
158:Single cylinder
136:
104:straight engine
78:straight engine
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2006:
1996:
1995:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1843:Cooling system
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1800:Exhaust system
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1770:Inlet manifold
1767:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1625:Fuel injection
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1565:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1392:Connecting rod
1389:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1009:
1000:
994:
993:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
964:
962:
956:
955:
953:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
910:Overhead valve
907:
902:
900:Opposed-piston
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
876:
875:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
834:
833:
828:
818:
813:
807:
805:
801:
800:
797:piston engines
789:
788:
781:
774:
766:
758:
757:
731:
705:
670:
645:
638:
616:
615:
613:
610:
609:
608:
603:
601:Car body style
598:
591:
588:
587:
586:
580:
574:
568:
553:
552:
532:
530:
519:
516:
501:Wankel engines
496:
495:
475:
473:
462:
459:
399:Rotary engines
395:Radial engines
391:
388:
387:
386:
381:
376:
363:Main article:
360:
357:
356:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
300:
297:
289:cylinder block
285:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
166:
160:
135:
132:
93:engine balance
66:Piston engines
59:Napier Lion II
50:
49:Piston engines
47:
43:Wankel engines
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2005:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:Water cooling
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1833:Oxygen sensor
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:Intake system
1746:
1740:
1739:Starter motor
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:Ignition coil
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1610:Petrol engine
1608:
1606:
1605:Diesel engine
1603:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:Blowoff valve
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1486:Cylinder head
1482:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Balance shaft
1375:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1001:
999:
995:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
961:
960:Stroke cycles
957:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
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455:Napier Deltic
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403:Wankel engine
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1863:Electric fan
1663:Coil-on-plug
1589:Turbocharger
1584:Supercharger
1456:Main bearing
1446:Firing order
1436:Displacement
1429:
1382:Block heater
1366:Engine block
1354:Part of the
1353:
1289:Split-single
1075:Flat / boxer
997:
935:Swing-piston
792:
748:. Retrieved
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722:. Retrieved
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661:. Retrieved
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509:turbocharged
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482:adding to it
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368:
315:Flat engines
313:
299:Flat engines
286:
212:
149:
101:
89:flat engines
82:
64:
40:
31:
29:
1887:Lubrication
1851:Air cooling
1668:Distributor
1620:Fuel filter
1598:Fuel system
1579:Intercooler
1546:Timing belt
1536:Head gasket
1466:Piston ring
978:Five-stroke
973:Four-stroke
930:Split cycle
868:Free-piston
811:Atmospheric
663:15 November
558:Gas turbine
546:August 2019
489:August 2019
144:Indian Four
1939:Power band
1899:Oil filter
1873:Thermostat
1818:EGT sensor
1780:MAF sensor
1775:MAP sensor
1760:Air filter
1724:Alternator
1683:Spark plug
1615:Carburetor
1541:Rocker arm
1481:Valvetrain
1412:Crankshaft
1356:Automobile
983:Six-stroke
968:Two-stroke
885:Heron head
843:Cam engine
612:References
583:Turboshaft
190:Straight-8
185:Straight-6
180:Straight-5
175:Straight-4
169:Straight-3
163:Straight-2
142:1928-1942
116:V4 engines
74:crankshaft
1673:Glow plug
1635:Fuel tank
1630:Fuel pump
1397:Crankcase
750:31 August
724:31 August
577:Turboprop
425:H engines
413:U engines
359:W engines
214:V engines
209:V6 engine
201:V engines
124:flat-twin
97:vibration
85:V engines
70:cylinders
1987:Category
1972:Category
1917:Dry sump
1913:Wet sump
1904:Oil pump
1868:Radiator
1785:Throttle
1645:Ignition
1516:Camshaft
1441:Flywheel
1422:Cylinder
1407:Crankpin
915:Pentroof
863:Flathead
853:Compound
831:Rotative
590:See also
571:Turbofan
565:Turbojet
440:X engine
365:W engine
108:V engine
1944:Redline
1828:Muffler
1729:Battery
1653:Magneto
1123:V / Vee
940:Uniflow
873:Stelzer
848:Camless
826:Cornish
353:Flat-16
348:Flat-12
343:Flat-10
308:Douglas
1967:Portal
1755:Airbox
1734:Dynamo
1461:Piston
1451:Stroke
1430:layout
1358:series
1284:Radial
1274:Deltic
920:Rotary
838:Bourke
636:
338:Flat-8
333:Flat-6
328:Flat-4
322:Flat-2
120:V-twin
1927:Other
1551:Valve
1521:Chest
1267:Other
950:Wedge
816:Axial
57:1919
1909:Sump
1426:bank
1387:Bore
945:Watt
880:Hemi
821:Beam
804:Type
795:for
752:2019
726:2019
700:help
665:2019
634:ISBN
445:The
419:and
291:and
122:and
30:The
1894:Oil
1483:and
1368:and
1258:W30
1253:W24
1248:W18
1243:W16
1238:W12
1205:V24
1200:V20
1195:V18
1190:V16
1185:V14
1180:V12
1175:V10
1163:VR6
1151:VR5
1113:F16
1108:F12
1103:F10
1065:I14
1060:I12
541:.
507:or
484:.
438:An
430:An
384:W16
379:W12
282:V18
277:V16
272:V14
267:V12
262:V10
252:VR6
242:VR5
87:or
1989::
1915:,
1428:,
1233:W8
1228:W6
1223:W3
1170:V8
1158:V6
1146:V5
1141:V4
1136:V3
1131:V2
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