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161:. Sister chromatid cohesion is essential for the correct distribution of genetic information between daughter cells and the repair of damaged chromosomes. Defects in this process may lead to aneuploidy and cancer, especially when checkpoints fail to detect DNA damage or when incorrectly attached mitotic spindles do not function properly.
42:, the blue chromosome is composed of two identical sister chromatids and the pink chromosome is composed of two identical sister chromatids. In mitosis, the sister chromatids separate into the daughter cells, but are now referred to as chromosomes (rather than chromatids) much in the way that one child is not referred to as a single twin.
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Mitotic recombination is primarily a result of DNA repair processes responding to spontaneous or induced damages. Homologous recombinational repair during mitosis is largely limited to interaction between nearby sister chromatids that are present in a cell subsequent to DNA replication but prior to
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has occurred, because sections of each sister chromatid may have been exchanged with corresponding sections of the homologous chromatids with which they are paired during meiosis. Homologous chromosomes might or might not be the same as each other because they derive from different parents.
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organisms (like humans) inherit, one from each parent. Sister chromatids are by and large identical (since they carry the same alleles, also called variants or versions, of genes) because they derive from one original chromosome. An exception is towards the end of meiosis, after
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cell division. Due to the special nearby relationship they share, sister chromatids are not only preferred over distant homologous chromatids as substrates for recominational repair, but have the capacity to repair more DNA damage than do homologs.
117:. In other words, a sister chromatid may also be said to be 'one-half' of the duplicated chromosome. A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad. A full set of sister chromatids is created during the synthesis (
74:), including the chromosome 3 pair to the left in blue box at top center. To the right in that box, it also shows the chromosome 3 pair after DNA synthesis but before
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indicate that inter-sister recombination occurs frequently during meiosis, and up to one-third of all recombination events occur between sister chromatids.
125:, when all the chromosomes in a cell are replicated. The two sister chromatids are separated from each other into two different cells during
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414:"Frequent and efficient use of the sister chromatid for DNA double-strand break repair during budding yeast meiosis"
229:"Sister chromatids are preferred over homologs as substrates for recombinational repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae"
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289:"Mitotic homologous recombination maintains genomic stability and suppresses tumorigenesis"
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There is evidence that, in some species, sister chromatids are the preferred template for
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Condensation and resolution of human sister chromatids in early mitosis
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The paternal (blue) chromosome and the maternal (pink) chromosome are
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Two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere
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58:set of chromosomes as seen in the G
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129:or during the second division of
385:Luisa, Bozzano G. (2012-12-02).
101:refers to the identical copies (
186:Studies with the budding yeast
412:Goldfarb T, Lichten M (2010).
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287:Moynahan ME, Jasin M (2010).
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136:Compare sister chromatids to
431:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000520
144:copies of a chromosome that
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388:Aging, Sex, and DNA Repair
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205:Sister chromatid exchange
293:Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol
188:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
38:. Following chromosomal
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138:homologous chromosomes
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54:of a human, showing a
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36:homologous chromosomes
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89:Further information:
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140:, which are the two
391:. Academic Press.
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159:DNA repair
123:interphase
115:centromere
111:chromosome
103:chromatids
82:phase and
68:cell cycle
50:Schematic
418:PLOS Biol
256:0016-6731
142:different
91:Karyotype
84:metaphase
52:karyogram
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342:Genetics
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236:Genetics
194:See also
70:(before
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182:Meiosis
165:Mitosis
146:diploid
131:meiosis
127:mitosis
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