228:
145:
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For this reason, the
Unified Health System is present at all federal levels — Union, States, Federal District and Municipalities — so that what falls within the scope of national coverage will be the responsibility of the Federal Government, which is related to the competence of a State must be under the responsibility of the State Government, and the same definition occurs with a Municipality. In this way, a greater dialogue is sought with the local civil society, which is closer to the manager, to ask him about the appropriate public policies.
384:
the
Article 5, establishes that “all are equal before the law, without distinction of any kind”. Therefore, all citizens, equally, must have their health rights guaranteed by the State. However, regional and social inequalities can lead to the innocence of this isonomy, after all, a more needy area may demand more spending compared to others. For this reason, the State must treat "unequal unequals", concentrating its efforts and investments in territorial areas with the worst rates and deficits in the provision of public services.
410:
Federal Law Number 8,142 of 1990. Users participate in the management of the SUS through the Health
Conferences, which take place every four years at all federal levels - Union, States, Federal District and Municipalities. In Health Councils, there is a so-called parity: while users have half of the vacancies, the government has one room and workers another. Therefore, it seeks to encourage popular participation in the discussion of public health policies, giving greater legitimacy to the system and the actions implemented.
238:
29:
249:
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principles that would guide the interpretation that the legal world and the spheres of government would make about the aforementioned system. And from the reading of these principles, the
Constituent concern to reinforce the defense of the citizen before the State is noticed, guaranteeing means not only for the existence of the system, but also for the individual to have a voice to fight for its improvement and greater effectiveness.
349:
A closer look at the Health section, (of the
Article 196 to the Article 198) of the Constitution, shows that five basic principles have been established that guide the legal system in relation to SUS. They are: universality (Article 196), integrality (Article 198-II), equity (Article 196 - "universal
413:
Nevertheless, it is observed that the
Original Constituent of 1988 did not seek only to implement the public system of universal and free health in the country, in contrast to what existed in the military period, which favored only workers with a formal contract. It went further and also established
396:
It is established in Da Saúde, the
Article 198, that “public health actions and services are part of a regionalized and hierarchical network and constitute a single system, organized according to the following guidelines: I - decentralization, with a single direction in each sphere of government ”.
383:
The principle of equity is related to the constitutional mandate that “health is the right of all”, provided for in the aforementioned
Article 196 of the Constitution. The aim here is to preserve the postulate of isonomy, since the Constitution itself, in Individual and Collective Rights and Duties,
184:
system. Created in 1990, the SUS is the largest government-run public health care system in the world, by number of beneficiaries/users (virtually 100% of the
Brazilian population; 220 million people), land area coverage (3.3 million square miles), and affiliated network/number of treatment centers
371:
Completeness, according to the
Article 198, in the Item II, confers on the State the duty of “comprehensive care, with priority for preventive activities, without prejudice to assistance services” in relation to the access that any and every citizen is entitled to. For this reason, the State must
498:
Castro, Marcia C.; Massuda, Adriano; Almeida, Gisele; Menezes-Filho, Naercio Aquino; Andrade, Monica Viegas; De Souza Noronha, Kenya Valéria Micaela; Rocha, Rudi; MacInko, James; Hone, Thomas; Tasca, Renato; Giovanella, Ligia; Malik, Ana Maria; Werneck, Heitor; Fachini, Luiz Augusto; Atun, Rifat
409:
It is also foreseen in the same Article 198, the Item III, the “participation of the community” in the actions and public health services, acting in the formulation and in the control of their execution. Social control, as this principle is also called, was better regulated by the aforementioned
400:
Throughout the years, the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) has undergone a significant decentralization process. This process has allowed greater participation in health care decision-making among the state, federal and municipal levels of government. Likewise, this has encouraged social
362:
is a fundamental right of any and all citizens, even being considered a clause set in stone, that is, it cannot be removed from the Constitution under any circumstances, as it constitutes an individual right and guarantee, according to the Section of the Legislative Process, the Article 60, the
210:
Two years later on Wednesday, 19 September 1990, the objectives set in the constitution were consolidated in the letter of the law by the Federal Law Number 8.080, whose articles created the SUS and defined its actuation. Prior to that, only people who contributed with the
205:
Health is a right of all and an obligation of the State, guaranteed by socioeconomic policies which seek to the reduction of the risk of disease and of other grievances and to the universal and equal access to the actions and services in its promotion, protection and
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Equal access (equity principle) does not mean that the SUS should treat everyone equally, but rather respect the rights of everyone, according to their differences, based more on the intimate conviction of natural justice than on the letter of the law.
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806:
816:
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695:
375:“Man is an integral, biopsychosocial being, and he must be served with this integral vision by a health system that is also integral, aimed at promoting, protecting and restoring his health.”
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establish a set of actions that range from prevention to curative assistance, at the most diverse levels of complexity, as a way of implementing and guaranteeing the postulate of health.
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were able to receive health care. The creation of the SUS was important in that more than 80% of the Brazilian population depend on it to receive medical treatment. Brazil provides
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Assistance to the people through actions of promotion, protection and recuperation of health, with the integrated realization of assistance actions and preventive activities;
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sought to guarantee more rights and freedoms to the population, and set many objectives of social development. Among those, improving health care was set as a priority:
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This principle can be obtained from the definition of the Article 196, which considered health as a "right of all and duty of the State". Thus, the
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185:(over 50,000 clinics). The system is entirely free of any cost at the point of service for any person, including foreigners.
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The participation in the control and fiscalization of the production, transportation, safety and utilization of
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participation in health policy legislation and increased accountability for providing health care services.
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321:, immunobiologicals and other resources of interest for human health, and participation in its production;
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122:
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and equal access"), decentralization (Article 198-I) and social participation (Article 198-III).
252:
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Paim, Jairnilson; Travassos, Claudia; Almeida, Celia; Bahia, Ligia; Macinko, James (May 2011).
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198:
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The control and fiscalization of services, products e substances of interest for human health;
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The identification and publication of determinant and conditioning factors for human health;
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The fiscalization and inspection of food, water and beverages for human consumption;
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The formulation and execution of the national policy for blood and its derivatives.
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501:"Brazil's unified health system: The first 30 years and prospects for the future"
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that had ruled the country for 20 years from the 1960s to the 1980s, the 1988
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Collaboration with the protection of environment, including work environment;
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Scientific and technological developments in its area of actuation;
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The SUS's objectives are, by the law of its creation, defined as:
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610:"The Brazilian health system: history, advances, and challenges"
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62:
219:, and almost 25% of the population pay for private insurance.
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Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Hospital complex in
473:"Saúde pública em 2024: investimentos prometem ser maiores"
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Integral therapeutic assistance, including pharmaceutic;
597:"Planos de Saúde Privado" ("Planos de Saúde Privado")
334:, toxic, and psychoactive substances and products;
917:Medical and health organisations based in Brazil
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668:"Reorganizing the Health Care System in Brazil"
704:Contemporary social welfare programs in Brazil
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479:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 1 December 2023
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39:Publicly funded health service overview
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307:Nutritional vigilance and orientation;
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269:The formulation of the health policy;
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658:Health National Website (in english)
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391:
13:
776:Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos
313:Formulation of policies regarding
165:[sisˈtemɐˈunikudʒisaˈudʒi]
14:
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448:"SUS completa 30 anos da criação"
300:Organization of the formation of
232:Institute of Cancer of São Paulo
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172:), better known by the acronym
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557:Brazilian Constitution of 1988
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16:Public health system of Brazil
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912:Government agencies of Brazil
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517:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31243-7
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922:Publicly funded health care
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182:publicly funded health care
47:19 September 1990
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363:Paragraph 4, the Item IV.
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454:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
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345:Constitutional principles
195:the military dictatorship
161:Portuguese pronunciation:
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663:DataSUS official website
253:Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
838:Sistema Único de Saúde
797:Ciência sem Fronteiras
760:Minha Casa, Minha Vida
302:health human resources
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199:Constitution of Brazil
156:Sistema Único de Saúde
22:Sistema Único de Saúde
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170:Unified Health System
94:R$ 41 billion (2024)
429:Healthcare in Brazil
405:Social participation
217:two-tier health care
99:Minister responsible
865:Saúde Não Tem Preço
620:(9779): 1778–1797.
577:www.planalto.gov.br
292:Occupational safety
280:health surveillance
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717:Brasil sem Miséria
511:(10195): 345–356.
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123:Ministry of Health
110:Minister of Health
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710:Transfer payments
670:by Lenaura Lobato
367:Comprehensiveness
193:After the end of
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119:Parent department
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860:Farmácia Popular
853:Saúde da Família
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652:External links
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580:. Retrieved
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354:Universality
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243:Porto Alegre
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69:Headquarters
59:Jurisdiction
18:
831:Health care
737:Bolsa Verde
332:radioactive
294:and health;
906:Categories
614:The Lancet
582:2019-09-25
505:The Lancet
483:21 January
458:2023-12-11
452:Casa Civil
435:References
288:vigilance;
276:Sanitation
223:Objectives
51:1990-09-19
790:Education
722:Fome Zero
543:195886916
319:equipment
83:Employees
817:Pronatec
642:33366467
634:21561655
535:31303318
499:(2019).
418:See also
189:Creation
73:Brasília
33:SUS logo
573:"L8080"
129:Website
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807:Fundeb
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379:Equity
178:Brazil
136:.saude
63:Brazil
44:Formed
638:S2CID
539:S2CID
315:drugs
176:, is
802:Fies
769:Food
630:PMID
531:PMID
485:2024
278:and
153:The
138:.gov
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