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Parliament in 1860 pertained to the temporal power of the Pope, and unfolding events in Italy. Coming into colonial administration, he was among a cohort of "new thinkers" whose ideas gained ground following the Sepoy Mutiny in India in 1857. Speaking at length in the House of
Commons on 26 July 1860 about British civil and military forces in India, Hennessy urged a shift in policies so that "the military administration of India would be conducted with greater skill, with more economy, and, as a natural result of a higher educational standard, with a greater regard for the feelings and interests of the Native population. Indeed, recent events furnished us with the most conclusive evidence that many of the British officers, entrusted with grave authority in India, had, from an ignorance of popular customs and a disregard of national habits and traditions, given great cause of complaint and encouragement to disaffection. As long as we send out officers to India who seem inclined to treat the Natives as slaves, who seem unable or unwilling to appreciate the noble qualities, of that unfortunate people, and who add the grossest military outrages and insults to the civil misgovernment and financial burdens we have imposed upon them, so long will our rule in India be a blot upon civilization".
1876:
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783:
58:
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837:
739:, initially studying in the science division of the faculty of arts. During his first year he was awarded a scholarship as he was one of the top three students, and this allowed him to transfer to medicine. He proved to be a gifted student scoring honours in five out of six subjects in his finals, came first in surgery and second in medicine.
898:
and coloured settlers in the administration of their affairs. In 1886 Hennessy was suspended from office for some months during a enquiry into allegations of involvement in local politics as well as the collapse of a bank. It was under
Hennessy that Mauritius knew its first shudder of democracy. This
827:
Although
Hennessy was born into the Anglo-Irish landowning gentry, his status as a Roman Catholic made him something of an outsider, particularly in his dealings with Protestant British colonial elites, whether in Barbados, Hong Kong, or Mauritius. Indeed, his earliest contributions as a Member of
851:
During his tenure, Hennessy realised that the
Chinese people, who were treated as second-class citizens up to that time, had developed an increasingly important influence on the Hong Kong economy. With that in mind, he lifted the ban that forbade Chinese people from buying lands, constructing
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from 1 June 1883 to 11 December 1889. Upon his arrival on 1 June 1883 on the island, Hennessy undertook to mauricianise the local administration by reducing the powers of the
English officials, appointing Mauritians to positions of responsibility and proposing a new constitution based on the
734:
in 1834, the son of John
Hennessy of Ballyhennessy and his wife Elizabeth Casey. He was one of eight children. The family were middle class with his father working as a hide merchant. He suffered from bronchitis as a child and was therefore initially privately tutored. In 1850 he entered
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Soon after arriving in Hong Kong, in April 1877, Hennessy set out to implement the "separate system" in
Victoria Gaol, meaning separate cells for prisoners, during the night if not also during the day. This plan hinged upon sending long-term prisoners to Labuan, for convict labour.
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buildings, and operate businesses in the
Central District. This caused a development boom in the Central District. Also, he allowed Chinese immigrants in Hong Kong to naturalise as British subjects. He appointed the first Chinese member (
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As he was not popular among the
European community of Hong Kong, there were no contemporary memorials there. However, on 14 June 1929, a main road located on the new reclamation was called
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Hennessy had two illegitimate daughters with his mistress, Miss A. M. Conyngham, before, on 4 February 1868, marrying
Catherine "Kitty" Elizabeth Low (1850โ1923), daughter of
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His personal motto was "Three Grand Qualifications to Success", which he described as "The first is audacity, the second is audacity, and the third is audacity".
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1007:, there is both a major street, Pope Hennessy Street, and a statue by M. Loumeau erected in 1908. Hennessy Road, a street in civil lines,
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714:; 8 August 1834 โ 7 October 1891), was an Irish and British politician and colonial administrator who served as the eighth
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Also, during his rule, he established the first Grant-in-Aid system, a milestone in the educational history of Hong Kong.
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from 1859 to 1865. Whilst an MP he studied law at the Inner Temple, being called to the bar in 1861. In 1890, as MP for
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In May 1855 he went to London to further his studies at Charing Cross Hospital. He then entered public service.
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principle "Mauritius for Mauritians". It was therefore natural that he moved closer to the Mauritian lawyer
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Hawaiian King Kalakaua visits Hong Kong in 1881. Hennessy is sitting immediately to the left of the King
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In 1878, Hennessy also mandated that English be taught in all government schools in Hong Kong.
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Kilkenny constituencies (1801โ1922)
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for King's County constituencies (1801โ1922)
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in 1867 where he put the Crown Colony into solvency by introducing convict labour from the
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This article is about the colonial administrator. For his grandson, the art historian, see
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Due to his progressive attitude he was known by the Chinese as "Number One Good Friend".
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After his tenure as Governor of Hong Kong was over, Hennessy went on to become the 15th
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from 1872 to 1873, when he moved to the governorship of the Bahamas. He became
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1981:
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House of Commons debate, 26 July 1860, Hansards, Vol. 160, cc. 231-59, 235
894:, leader of the reform movement who demanded a more direct involvement of
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Immediately after his tenure in Barbados, Hennessy was appointed as
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Hennessy died of heart failure on 7 October 1891 at his residence,
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987:, and there is now also a crowded commercial and shopping area at
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Stearn, Roger T. (2007). "Hennessy, Sir John Pope (1834โ1891)".
856:, who would later become the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the
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1016:
1173:
Empireland : how imperialism has shaped modern Britain
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Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
931:(1916โ1974), who authored a biography of his grandfather,
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Verandah: Some Episodes in the Crown Colonies: 1867โ1889
27:
Irish-born British politician, 8th Governor of Hong Kong
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Sir John Pope Hennessy Governor of Mauritius, medal by
1230:"The Alleged Indian Peril (Glimpses of History 1956)"
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Sir Walter Raleigh in Ireland (1883) via archive.org
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820:, from 1873 until 1877, with primary authority over
1371:contributions in Parliament by John Pope Hennessy
1088:. Archived from the original on 14 September 2018
1058:"Papers of Sir John Pope-Hennessy - Archives Hub"
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1142:"Commons Sittings in the 19th century (Hansard)"
762:member of the British Parliament, representing
1218:Hong Kong Government Gazette, 23 February 1878
848:, a position from which he served until 1882.
2391:Barbados and the Windward Islands (1833โ1885)
1901:
1704:
1609:Governor of Barbados and the Windward Islands
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215:Governor of Barbados and the Windward Islands
750:He started his Public Service career as the
1086:"Leigh Rayment's House of Commons pages: K"
899:was his last post in the Colonial Service.
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1204:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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818:Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands
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2617:Colonial Administrative Service officers
1278:"Mauritian democracy: a caesarean birth"
1252:"Mauritian democracy: a caesarean birth"
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1303:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
812:. He went on to become the Governor of
83:1 June 1883 โ 11 December 1889
14:
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2584:Served as Acting Governor of Barbados.
1292:
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923:. Richard had two sons, art historian
514:Rostellan Castle, County Cork, Ireland
138:23 April 1877 โ 30 March 1883
1889:
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1227:
24:
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1353:. London: George Allen and Unwin.
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2612:British governors of the Bahamas
1874:
1385:Parliament of the United Kingdom
902:
804:and became colonial Governor of
758:, and eventually became a minor
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1147:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
1127:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
800:Hennessy eventually joined the
730:John Pope Hennessy was born in
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774:. He died the following year.
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13:
1:
1349:Pope-Hennessy, James (1964).
1328:"Sir John Pope Hennessy dead"
1228:Napal, D. (13 October 2017).
725:
590:Queen's University of Ireland
2652:Politicians from County Cork
2632:Irish Conservative Party MPs
1498:Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer
1044:City University of Hong Kong
978:
467:Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer
7:
1305:. Oxford University Press.
10:
2678:
1515:Governor of the Gold Coast
1320:
1170:Sanghera, Sathnam (2021).
952:
925:John Wyndham Pope-Hennessy
366:Governor of the Gold Coast
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1404:Member of Parliament for
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1313:. Accessed 2 August 2018.
1106:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1019:is also named after him.
772:Irish National Federation
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1550:Governor of Sierra Leone
1280:. L'Express. 2 June 2005
1258:. L'Express. 2 June 2005
1022:
610:Traditional Chinese
313:Governor of Sierra Leone
1663:Frederick Napier Broome
1577:Governor of the Bahamas
1426:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1418:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1394:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1037:"In the United Kingdom"
927:(1913โ1994) and writer
624:Simplified Chinese
547:Catherine Elizabeth Low
259:Governor of the Bahamas
105:Frederick Napier Broome
2627:Governors of Hong Kong
2384:
2306:George Poyntz Ricketts
2062:Christopher Codrington
1720:Governors of Hong Kong
1525:Charles Spencer Salmon
1311:10.1093/ref:odnb/22537
1062:archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk
965:
912:
841:
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778:Early colonial service
699:Sir John Pope Hennessy
411:Charles Spencer Salmon
43:Sir John Pope Hennessy
18:Sir John Pope Hennessy
2622:Governors of Barbados
2408:Charles Henry Darling
2383:
1917:Governors of Barbados
1670:Governor of Mauritius
1637:Governor of Hong Kong
1630:Arthur Edward Kennedy
1619:George Cumine Strahan
1570:George Cumine Strahan
1539:John Jennings Kendall
1508:Herbert Taylor Ussher
960:
921:Richard Pope-Hennessy
910:
887:Governor of Mauritius
881:Governor of Mauritius
846:Governor of Hong Kong
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832:Governor of Hong Kong
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737:Queen's College, Cork
720:Governor of Mauritius
716:Governor of Hong Kong
399:Herbert Taylor Ussher
346:John Jennings Kendall
293:George Cumine Strahan
251:George Cumine Strahan
126:Governor of Hong Kong
71:Governor of Mauritius
2476:Barbados (1885โ1966)
2371:James Frederick Lyon
2178:Thomas Catesby Paget
1924:Barbados (1627โ1833)
1681:Charles Cameron Lees
999:named after him. In
179:John Gardiner Austin
159:Sir Francis Colborne
118:Charles Cameron Lees
2341:John Foster Alleyne
1648:William Henry Marsh
1471:Government offices
1176:. UK. p. 159.
1122:"Hansard 1803โ2005"
929:James Pope-Hennessy
862:Legislative Council
810:Straits Settlements
579:2 daughters, 3 sons
183:William Henry Marsh
154:Lieutenant Governor
2423:William Colebrooke
2385:
2056:William Willoughby
2036:William Willoughby
2023:Francis Willoughby
1992:Francis Willoughby
1487:Governor of Labuan
1398:Loftus Henry Bland
1335:The New York Times
966:
913:
842:
798:
752:Supplemental Clerk
718:and the fifteenth
420:Governor of Labuan
174:Colonial Secretary
32:John Pope-Hennessy
2589:
2588:
2533:Eubule Waddington
2518:William Robertson
2498:Frederick Hodgson
2318:Francis Mackenzie
2282:James Cunninghame
2207:Orlando Bridgeman
2141:George Lillington
1883:
1882:
1687:
1686:
1677:Succeeded by
1644:Succeeded by
1616:Succeeded by
1584:Succeeded by
1557:Succeeded by
1522:Succeeded by
1494:Succeeded by
1464:Patrick McDermott
1461:Succeeded by
1430:John Gilbert King
1423:Succeeded by
1232:. Mauritius Times
1183:978-0-241-44529-7
911:Hennessy's family
858:Republic of China
696:
695:
680:
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654:Yale Romanization
16:(Redirected from
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2662:UK MPs 1886โ1892
2657:UK MPs 1859โ1865
2574:Government House
2467:William Robinson
2444:Sanford Freeling
2438:Rawson W. Rawson
2347:Stapleton Cotton
2212:Humphrey Howarth
2029:Henry Willoughby
2017:Humphrey Walrond
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1659:Preceded by
1626:Preceded by
1598:Sanford Freeling
1595:Preceded by
1588:William Robinson
1567:Preceded by
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1505:Preceded by
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306:William Robinson
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238:Sanford Freeling
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207:Sir George Bowen
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2553:Robert Arundell
2513:Charles O'Brien
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2375:
2330:George Beckwith
2244:Charles Pinfold
2239:Henry Grenville
2234:Thomas Robinson
2190:Walter Chetwynd
2130:Bevil Granville
2106:Francis Russell
2076:Jonathan Atkins
2010:Thomas Modyford
1919:
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896:Indo Mauritians
883:
834:
802:Colonial Office
780:
748:
728:
701:
571:A. M. Conyngham
563:
560: 1868)
555:
551:
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529:Other political
519:Political party
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2525:
2523:Harry Newlands
2520:
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2505:
2503:Gilbert Carter
2500:
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2488:Walter Sendall
2485:
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2455:George Strahan
2452:
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2440:
2435:
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2428:Francis Hincks
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2403:Evan MacGregor
2400:
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2312:William Bishop
2308:
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2300:William Bishop
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19:
2543:Hilary Blood
2483:Charles Lees
2461:D. J. Gamble
2459:
2449:
2442:
2433:James Walker
2418:William Reid
2413:Charles Grey
2398:Lionel Smith
2360:Samuel Hinds
2358:
2351:
2339:
2324:John Spooner
2322:
2310:
2298:
2286:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2256:William Spry
2248:
2226:
2199:
2195:Emanuel Howe
2182:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2139:
2135:Mitford Crow
2122:
2112:Francis Bond
2110:
2093:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2050:Henry Hawley
2048:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1982:Henry Huncks
1974:
1967:
1963:Henry Hawley
1950:
1765:
1668:
1651:
1635:
1607:
1601:
1575:
1560:Robert Keate
1548:
1542:
1528:
1513:
1485:
1445:
1440:Edward Marum
1416:
1403:
1364:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:
1302:
1282:. Retrieved
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1255:
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1172:
1165:
1156:
1145:
1136:
1125:
1116:
1090:. Retrieved
1065:. Retrieved
1061:
1052:
1043:
1031:
993:Causeway Bay
982:
940:
937:
932:
914:
884:
875:
872:
869:
866:
850:
843:
826:
814:Sierra Leone
799:
791:
760:Conservative
749:
741:
729:
698:
697:
604:Chinese name
535:Conservative
531:affiliations
510:(1891-10-07)
461:Succeeded by
427:
406:Succeeded by
373:
359:Robert Keate
354:Succeeded by
320:
300:Succeeded by
266:
246:Succeeded by
222:
202:Succeeded by
167:John Sargent
133:
112:Succeeded by
78:
36:
2607:1891 deaths
2602:1834 births
2538:Henry Bushe
2366:Henry Warde
2353:John Skeete
2335:James Leith
2294:David Parry
2262:Samuel Rous
2250:Samuel Rous
2228:James Dotin
2222:Robert Byng
2217:Thomas Gage
2201:James Dotin
2184:James Dotin
2124:John Farmer
2095:Edwyn Stede
2083:John Witham
1987:Philip Bell
1952:R. Wheatley
1781:W. Robinson
1751:H. Robinson
1369:1803โ2005:
1256:Lexpress.mu
1013:Maharashtra
949:, Ireland.
935:, in 1964.
793:Vanity Fair
732:County Cork
660:Hฤซn nรจih sฤซ
537:(1859โ1865)
495:County Cork
448:Preceded by
394:Preceded by
341:Preceded by
287:Preceded by
233:Preceded by
190:Preceded by
99:Preceded by
2596:Categories
2528:Mark Young
2288:John Dotin
2276:John Dotin
2269:Edward Hay
2167:Samuel Cox
2160:John Frere
2118:Ralph Grey
1756:MacDonnell
1674:1883โ1889
1641:1877โ1882
1613:1876โ1877
1581:1873โ1874
1554:1872โ1873
1491:1867โ1871
1262:3 December
1236:13 October
1192:1193065927
1092:5 February
1001:Port Louis
963:Oscar Roty
726:Early life
674:Hin nei si
585:Alma mater
488:1834-08-08
2558:John Stow
2493:James Hay
1958:W. Tufton
1946:J. Powell
1931:H. Powell
1851:MacLehose
1826:Northcote
1821:Caldecott
1731:Pottinger
1340:21 August
1200:cite book
1005:Mauritius
979:Memorials
860:) to the
432:1867โ1871
428:In office
378:1872โ1872
374:In office
325:1872โ1873
321:In office
271:1873โ1874
267:In office
257:25th
227:1875โ1876
223:In office
213:10th
134:In office
79:In office
69:15th
1936:W. Deane
1836:Grantham
1811:Clementi
1776:Des Vลux
1766:Hennessy
1481:(acting)
1479:Hugh Low
1102:cite web
1067:10 April
989:Wan Chai
933:Verandah
917:Hugh Low
822:Barbados
668:Jyutping
576:Children
455:(acting)
453:Hugh Low
441:Victoria
418:6th
413:, acting
387:Victoria
348:, acting
334:Victoria
280:Victoria
240:, acting
147:Victoria
124:8th
92:Victoria
2567:Related
1761:Kennedy
1746:Bowring
1410:1859 โ
1366:Hansard
1321:Sources
1015:state,
953:Honours
945:, near
854:Ng Choy
754:at the
708:Chinese
562:
554:
550:
499:Ireland
437:Monarch
383:Monarch
330:Monarch
276:Monarch
143:Monarch
88:Monarch
1866:Patten
1861:Wilson
1846:Trench
1806:Stubbs
1796:Lugard
1791:Nathan
1741:Bonham
1652:acting
1602:acting
1543:acting
1529:acting
1415:With:
1284:2 June
1190:
1180:
1009:Nagpur
974:(1880)
806:Labuan
796:, 1875
710::
542:Spouse
1856:Youde
1841:Black
1831:Young
1786:Blake
1771:Bowen
1736:Davis
1519:1872
1331:(PDF)
1040:(PDF)
1023:Notes
1017:India
556:(
552:
1816:Peel
1679:Sir
1661:Sir
1646:Sir
1628:Sir
1586:Sir
1496:Sir
1457:1891
1453:1890
1412:1865
1342:2012
1286:2005
1264:2020
1238:2017
1206:link
1188:OCLC
1178:ISBN
1108:link
1094:2009
1069:2021
991:and
971:KCMG
947:Cork
703:KCMG
505:Died
482:Born
465:Sir
304:Sir
291:Sir
116:Sir
103:Sir
48:KCMG
1801:May
1307:doi
995:on
790:in
788:Ape
712:่ปๅฐผ่ฉฉ
630:่ฝฉๅฐผ่ฏ
616:่ปๅฐผ่ฉฉ
2598::
1650:,
1600:,
1541:,
1527:,
1455:โ
1333:.
1294:^
1254:.
1202:}}
1198:{{
1186:.
1144:.
1124:.
1104:}}
1100:{{
1077:^
1060:.
1042:.
1011:,
864:.
722:.
558:m.
497:,
1909:e
1902:t
1895:v
1712:e
1705:t
1698:v
1344:.
1309::
1288:.
1266:.
1240:.
1208:)
1194:.
1150:.
1130:.
1110:)
1096:.
1071:.
1046:.
706:(
490:)
486:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
