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1041:, which had been the home of the Arima clan before their move to the Nobeoka Domain and was subsequently demolished. They built up palisades using the wood from the boats they had crossed the water with, and were greatly aided in their preparations by the weapons, ammunition, and provisions they had plundered from the Matsukura clan's storehouses.
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priests were required to vouch for their members' religious affiliation. Following the rebellion, Buddhism was strongly promoted in the area. Certain customs were introduced which remain unique to the area today. Towns on the
Shimabara peninsula also continue to have a varied mix of dialects due to the mass immigration from other parts of Japan.
1112:. These guns fired approximately 426 rounds in the space of fifteen days (at least one per hour on average), without great result, and two Dutch lookouts were fatally shot by rebel snipers. The ship withdrew at the request of the Japanese, following contemptuous messages sent by the rebels to the besieging troops:
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On 4 April 1638, over 27,000 rebels, facing about 125,000 shogunate soldiers mounted a desperate assault, but were soon forced to withdraw. From the survivors (including Yamada
Emosaku, who was believed to have willingly betrayed the rebels), the shogunate forces learned of the rebels' poor condition
1301:
On the
Shimabara peninsula, most towns experienced a severe to total loss of men as a result of the rebellion. In order to maintain the rice fields and other crops, immigrants were brought from other areas across Japan to resettle the land. All inhabitants were registered with local temples, whose
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Shimabara had formerly been the domain of the Arima clan, which had been
Christian; as a result, many local people were also Christian. The Arima were moved out in 1614 and replaced by the anti-Christian Matsukura. The new lord, Matsukura Shigemasa, hoped to advance in the shogunate hierarchy by
934:. Matsukura also built a new castle for his own clan in Shimabara. He placed a greatly disproportionate tax burden on the people of his new domain to pay for these policies, and further angered them by strictly persecuting Christianity. The policies were continued by Shigemasa's heir,
860:
Shimabara
Rebellion is often portrayed as a Christian rebellion against violent suppression by Matsukura Katsuie. However the main academic understanding is that the rebellion was mainly by peasants against Matsukura's misgovernance, with Christians later joining the rebellion.
1285:
Another part of the shogunate's actions after the rebellion was to excuse the clans which had aided its efforts militarily from the building contributions which it routinely required from various domains. However, Matsukura
Katsuie's domain was given to another lord,
1018:) Hayashi Hyōzaemon was assassinated. At the same time, others rebelled in the Amakusa Islands. The rebels quickly increased their ranks by forcing all in the areas they took to join in the uprising. A charismatic 16-year-old youth,
65:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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After the castle fell, the shogunate forces executed an estimated 37,000 rebels and sympathizers as punishment. Amakusa Shirō's severed head was taken to
Nagasaki for public display, and the entire complex at
945:, suffered the same sort of persecution at the hands of the Terasawa family, which, like the Matsukura, had been granted the territory. Another growing problem was the presence of numerous unemployed
1008:
of the region, joined by impoverished peasants, began to meet in secret on
Yushima (also called "meeting island") and plot an uprising, which broke out on 17 December 1637, when the local
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stormed the fortress and captured the outer defenses. The remaining rebels continued to hold out and caused heavy casualties until they were routed three days later, on 15 April 1638.
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Are there no longer courageous soldiers in the realm to do combat with us, and weren't they ashamed to have called in the assistance of foreigners against our small contingent?
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were also present. The bulk of the shogunate's army was drawn from
Shimabara's neighboring domains. The largest component, numbering over 35,000 men, came from the
1978:
888:, dissatisfied with overtaxation and suffering from the effects of famine, revolted against their lords. This was specifically in territory ruled by two lords:
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The rebels laid siege to the
Terasawa clan's Tomioka and Hondo castles, but just before the castles were about to fall, armies from the neighboring domains in
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rebelled against the Tokugawa shogunate due to discontent over Katsuie's policies. The Tokugawa shogunate sent a force of over 125,000 troops supported by the
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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1081:. Musashi was knocked off his horse by a stone thrown by a peasant rebel in one of the few verifiable records of him taking part in a campaign.
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was made stricter by 1639. An existing ban on the Christian religion was then enforced stringently, and Christianity in Japan survived only by
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With the exception of periodic, localized peasant uprisings, the Shimabara Rebellion was the last large-scale armed clash in Japan until the
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suspected of helping them were expelled from Japan. Katsuie was investigated for misruling, and was eventually beheaded in Edo, the only
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oversaw the transfer of military stores, and when the shogunate forces requested naval support, he personally accompanied the vessel
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where the shogunate had to supervise an allied army made up of troops from various domains. The first overall commander,
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Following the successful suppression of the rebellion, Shirō and an estimated 37,000 rebels and sympathizers were
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had been involved in spreading the rebellion, Portuguese traders were driven out of the country. The
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The allied armies of the local domains, under the command of the Tokugawa shogunate (during shogun
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and Konishi retainers. The image of a fully "peasant" uprising is also not entirely accurate.
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to a position offshore, near Hara Castle. The cannons sent previously were mounted in a
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as commander-in-chief, then began their siege of Hara Castle. The legendary swordsman
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sponsoring expensive construction projects, including the building and expansion of
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was burned to the ground and buried, together with the bodies of all the dead.
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Itakura Shigemasa was killed in a failed advance. More shogunate troops under
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was present during the battle; he served as a military advisor and aide to
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The inhabitants of the Amakusa Islands, which had been part of the fief of
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1819:. Translated and Annotated by Annick M. Doeff. (Victoria, B.C.: Trafford).
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The Shimabara rebellion was the first massive military effort since the
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and how they would likely be unable to withstand another direct attack.
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but were again repelled. At this point they gathered near the ruins of
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of the Shimabara Domain, enforced unpopular policies set by his father
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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executed during the Edo period. The Shimabara Domain was given to
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Dictionary of Battles from the Earliest Date to the Present Time.
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On 12 April 1638, troops under the command of the Kuroda clan of
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Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
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The nobility of failure: tragic heroes in the history of Japan
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arrived, forcing them to retreat. The rebels then crossed the
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and 18,000 men under Kuroda Tadayuki, respectively. From the
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813:
767:
179:
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Giving Up the Gun: Japan's Reversion to the Sword, 1543–1879
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to suppress the rebels, which defeated them after a lengthy
1913:
Christ's Samurai: The True Story of the Shimabara Rebellion
1210:, 7,570 under Terasawa Katataka; from Nobeoka, 3,300 under
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Sources of Japanese Tradition: From Earliest Times to 1600
1440:
Sources of Japanese Tradition: From Earliest Times to 1600
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Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1295:
1174:, had 800 men under his direct command; his replacement,
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Treasures Among Men: The Fudai Daimyo in Tokugawa Japan.
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Shimabara Rebellion Battle Folding Screen by Saito Shuho
1230:, 1,000 under Yamada Arinaga, a senior retainer of the
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Amakusa, Shimabara no ran: Hosokawa-han shiryō ni yoru
2913:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
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had 2,500 of his own troops and 2,500 samurai of the
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786:that drastically raised taxes to construct the new
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1419:
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2983:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1947:The Christian Century in Japan, by Charles Boxer
1638:
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1270:Because the shogunate suspected that European
1206:5,500 men under Tachibana Muneshige; from the
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83:accompanying your translation by providing an
49:Click for important translation instructions.
36:expand this article with text translated from
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1972:
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1222:and his senior retainer Takada Matabei; from
1202:came 8,300 men under Arima Toyouji; from the
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2998:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
2948:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
1979:
1965:
1826:(London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Ltd.)
1331:. Fairburn Marine Educational Foundation.
1053:Vessel 'De Ryp' at the Shimabara rebellion
1022:, soon emerged as the rebellion's leader.
646:
632:
1922:. (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston).
1033:and briefly besieged Matsukura Katsuie's
794:. In December 1637, an alliance of local
3262:Coups, rebellions, and revolts in Japan
1622:World Trade Systems of the East and West
1324:
1245:
1056:
1048:
985:
973:
864:The Shimabara Rebellion was the largest
770:from 17 December 1637 to 15 April 1638.
1847:. (New York: McGraw-Hill Professional).
1829:Harris, Victor (1974). Introduction to
1805:. (New York: The Ronald Press Company).
1757:History of the Catholic Church in Japan
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1044:
957:, both of whom had once ruled parts of
3842:17th-century military history of Japan
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1861:. (Boston: David R. Godine, Publisher)
1812:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1134:
880:In the mid-1630s, the peasants of the
875:
3235:
1960:
1840:. North Clarendon: Tuttle Publishing.
627:
1619:
1345:
1325:Fairburn, William Armstrong (1945).
18:
2852:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
1822:Harbottle, Thomas Benfield (1904).
1808:DeBary, William T., et al. (2001).
1787:New Haven: Yale University Press.
13:
2407:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1936:. (Tokyo: Shin Jinbutsu Ōraisha).
1905:
1873:"Karatsu domain on "Edo 300 HTML""
1693:"Karatsu domain on "Edo 300 HTML""
1061:Dutch ships at the siege (detail).
14:
3853:
1940:
1854:. (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons).
1833:. (New York: The Overlook Press).
1523:Naramoto (1994), p. 397; Perrin,
982:, during the Shimabara Rebellion.
3802:History of Christianity in Japan
3264:
3214:
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2533:Fourth Council of Constantinople
2488:Second Council of Constantinople
1894:. (Tokyo: Shufu to Seikatsusha).
1892:Nihon no kassen: monoshiri jiten
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156:17 December 1637 – 15 April 1638
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3331:Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion
2503:Third Council of Constantinople
2427:First Council of Constantinople
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896:, and Terasawa Katataka of the
3337:Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion
2742:Dissolution of the monasteries
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1318:
93:You may also add the template
1:
2616:Fourth Council of the Lateran
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2200:Apostles in the New Testament
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1762:
657:Shimabara Rebellion (1637-38)
3445:Ōshio Heihachirō's Rebellion
2730:Catholic Counter-Reformation
2596:Third Council of the Lateran
2586:First Council of the Lateran
2042:Catholic ecumenical councils
1276:policy of national seclusion
1241:
1178:, had 1,500. Vice-commander
964:
816:against their stronghold at
7:
1911:Clements, Jonathan (2016).
1865:
1843:Morton, William S. (2005).
1735:
1162:Forces present at Shimabara
849:persecution of Christianity
741:
733:
722:Shimabara-Amakusa Rebellion
714:
10:
3858:
3684:Hibiya incendiary incident
3439:Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
3301:Prince Hoshikawa Rebellion
2076:History of the Roman Curia
1773:Bellah, Robert N. (1957).
1767:
57:Machine translation, like
3718:
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3585:Military Academy incident
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2123:Eastern Catholic Churches
1998:
1952:Duarte Correa Manuscripts
1929:. (Tokyo: Azuma Shuppan).
1897:Naramoto Tatsuya (2001).
1890:Naramoto Tatsuya (1994).
1381:"島原の乱 : 宗教一揆的要素の再評価"
851:were tightened until the
790:and violently prohibited
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727:
708:
665:
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247:
200:
148:
141:Shimabara battle map and
134:
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38:the corresponding article
3573:League of Blood Incident
2943:Mary of the Divine Heart
2566:Clash against the empire
2518:Second Council of Nicaea
2412:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1647:Naramoto (1994), p. 401.
1610:Naramoto (1994), p. 399.
1536:Harris, Introduction to
1501:Naramoto (1994), p. 395.
1312:
969:
734:Shimabara-Amakusa no ran
225:Dutch East India Company
16:1630s rebellion in Japan
3817:Battles involving Japan
3792:17th-century rebellions
3209:Vatican City portal
2561:Investiture Controversy
2417:First Council of Nicaea
1925:Sukeno Kentarō (1967).
1815:Doeff, Hendrik (2003).
1620:Gunn, Geoffrey (2017).
1391:: 36–55. 31 July 2009.
1362:. Uwosh.edu. 1999-02-05
556:Masuda Yoshitsugu
104:For more guidance, see
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2020:Ecclesiastical history
1850:Murray, David (1905).
1836:Mason, R.H.P. (1997).
1817:Recollections of Japan
1803:Japan's Modern Century
1624:. Brill. p. 134.
1586:Recollections of Japan
1411:Japan's Modern Century
1259:
1118:
1094:factory (trading post)
1062:
1054:
999:
983:
930:, today a part of the
843:. Japan's policies of
742:Shimabara-Amakusa Ikki
565:Ashizuga Chuemon
248:Commanders and leaders
95:{{Translated|ja|島原の乱}}
3361:Shishigatani incident
2928:First Vatican Council
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2390:Constantine the Great
2086:Christian monasticism
1918:Morris, Ivan (1975).
1915:. (London: Robinson).
1857:Perrin, Noel (1979).
1801:Borton, Hugh (1955).
1599:Dictionary of Battles
1249:
1114:
1086:Nicolaes Couckebacker
1060:
1052:
989:
977:
758:that occurred in the
600:Casualties and losses
518:Nicolaes Couckebacker
106:Knowledge:Translation
77:copyright attribution
3787:1638 in Christianity
3782:1637 in Christianity
3591:February 26 incident
3457:Shimonoseki Campaign
3105:Sexual abuse scandal
3014:Mit brennender Sorge
2857:Age of Enlightenment
2636:Bernard of Clairvaux
2513:Byzantine Iconoclasm
2452:Council of Chalcedon
2232:Council of Jerusalem
2101:Role in civilization
2081:Religious institutes
2013:By country or region
1932:Toda Toshio (1988).
1831:A Book of Five Rings
1680:Treasures among Men,
1561:Murray, pp. 262–264.
1538:A Book of Five Rings
1192:Nabeshima Katsushige
1176:Matsudaira Nobutsuna
1141:Matsudaira Nobutsuna
1045:Siege at Hara Castle
990:Buddhist statues of
868:in Japan during the
720:, also known as the
366:Nabeshima Katsushige
284:Matsudaira Nobutsuna
3832:Catholic rebellions
3797:Rebellions in Japan
3506:Shinpūren Rebellion
3463:Tenchūgumi incident
3433:Shakushain's revolt
3421:Shimabara Rebellion
3397:Yamashiro Rebellion
3367:Siege of Hōjūjidono
3295:Kibi Clan Rebellion
2933:Papal infallibility
2923:Our Lady of Lourdes
2872:Shimabara Rebellion
2716:Counter-Reformation
1256:Shimabara Peninsula
1135:Final push and fall
998:of mercy, beheaded.
928:Spanish East Indies
882:Shimabara Peninsula
876:Leadup and outbreak
784:Matsukura Shigemasa
703:Shimabara Rebellion
547:Arie Kenmotsu
455:Matsudaira Shigenao
445:Ogasawara Nagatsugu
398:Tachibana Muneshige
176:Nagasaki Prefecture
122:Shimabara Rebellion
3536:Fukushima incident
3530:Takebashi incident
3494:Two Lords Incident
2978:Our Lady of Fátima
2767:Ignatius of Loyola
2691:Catherine of Siena
2659:Pope Boniface VIII
2478:Benedict of Nursia
2447:Council of Ephesus
2284:Ante-Nicene period
2237:Split with Judaism
2071:Crusading movement
1901:. (Tokyo: Gakken).
1838:A History of Japan
1658:A History of Japan
1260:
1220:Ogasawara Tadazane
1196:Hosokawa Tadatoshi
1079:Hosokawa Tadatoshi
1063:
1055:
1000:
984:
845:national seclusion
833:Portuguese traders
764:Tokugawa shogunate
606:21,800 casualties
422:Ogasawara Tadazane
342:Hosokawa Tadatoshi
237:Japanese Catholics
214:Tokugawa shogunate
170:Tokugawa Shogunate
127:Part of the early
85:interlanguage link
3777:Conflicts in 1638
3772:Conflicts in 1637
3759:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3678:Nagasaki incident
3624:
3623:
3542:Chichibu incident
3524:Satsuma Rebellion
3512:Akizuki Rebellion
3459: (1863–1864)
3451:Teradaya incident
3435: (1669–1672)
3423: (1637–1638)
3319:Jinshin Rebellion
3229:
3228:
3189:COVID-19 pandemic
3167:Pope Benedict XVI
3072:Pope John Paul II
2847:Pope Benedict XIV
2833:French Revolution
2817:Thirty Years' War
2807:Robert Bellarmine
2792:John of the Cross
2696:Pope Alexander VI
2681:Council of Vienne
2611:Francis of Assisi
2601:Pope Innocent III
2470:Early Middle Ages
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2402:Arian controversy
2355:
2354:
2303:Apostolic Fathers
1793:978-0-300-01655-0
1775:Tokugawa Religion
1752:Kakure Kirishitan
1718:Tokugawa Religion
1525:Giving Up the Gun
1512:Nihon no Meijōshū
1463:Naramoto (1994),
1338:978-0-598-74741-9
1280:going underground
1172:Itakura Shigemasa
1071:Itakura Shigemasa
1002:The discontented
890:Matsukura Katsuie
802:Catholic peasants
774:Matsukura Katsuie
698:
697:
622:
621:
487:Mizuno Katsutoshi
330:Shimazu Mitsuhisa
307:Terasawa Katataka
296:Matsukura Katsuie
264:Itakura Shigemasa
196:
195:
183:
117:
116:
50:
46:
3849:
3728:Shibuya incident
3647:Kakitsu uprising
3635:
3634:
3615:Mishima incident
3567:October incident
3415:Rokugō Rebellion
3409:Kunohe Rebellion
3391:Kakitsu uprising
3373:Kennin Rebellion
3325:Hayato Rebellion
3283:
3282:
3269:
3268:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3233:
3232:
3219:
3218:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3184:Patriarch Kirill
3057:Pope John Paul I
2862:Anti-clericalism
2842:Pope Innocent XI
2762:Society of Jesus
2747:Council of Trent
2701:Age of Discovery
2646:Late Middle Ages
2548:High Middle Ages
2538:East–West Schism
2422:Pope Sylvester I
2368:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2267:General epistles
2262:Pauline epistles
2195:John the Baptist
2178:Great Commission
2140:
2139:
2091:Catholic culture
1981:
1974:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1927:Shimabara no Ran
1887:
1885:
1884:
1875:. Archived from
1747:Haibutsu kishaku
1730:
1729:Bolitho, p. 228.
1727:
1721:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1695:. Archived from
1689:
1683:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1562:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1541:
1534:
1528:
1521:
1515:
1510:Naramoto (2001)
1508:
1502:
1499:
1493:
1486:
1477:
1474:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1436:
1430:
1423:
1414:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1356:
1343:
1342:
1322:
1184:Shimabara Domain
1126:
1075:Miyamoto Musashi
1067:Tokugawa Iemitsu
1035:Shimabara Castle
943:Konishi Yukinaga
894:Shimabara Domain
788:Shimabara Castle
760:Shimabara Domain
753:
751:
750:
744:
738:
736:
730:
729:
719:
717:
715:Shimabara no ran
711:
710:
675:Shimabara Castle
660:
658:
648:
641:
634:
625:
624:
582:
571:
562:
553:
544:
533:
516:
515:
514:
506:
505:
504:
497:Mizuno Katsusada
496:
495:
494:
486:
485:
484:
476:Mizuno Katsunari
474:
473:
472:
464:
463:
462:
454:
453:
452:
444:
443:
442:
432:
431:
430:
420:
419:
418:
408:
407:
406:
396:
395:
394:
386:
385:
384:
376:
375:
374:
364:
363:
362:
352:
351:
350:
340:
339:
338:
328:
327:
326:
318:Miyamoto Musashi
316:
315:
314:
306:
305:
304:
294:
293:
292:
282:
281:
280:
272:
262:
261:
260:
235:
234:
233:
223:
222:
221:
212:
211:
210:
192:Tokugawa victory
173:
166:Shimabara Domain
150:
149:
139:
119:
118:
96:
90:
63:Google Translate
48:
44:
27:
26:
19:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3751:
3714:
3689:
3672:Blood tax riots
3658:
3639:
3630:
3620:
3603:Matsue incident
3579:May 15 incident
3547:
3480:
3475:Kinmon incident
3385:Shōchō uprising
3379:Jōkyū Rebellion
3355:Heiji Rebellion
3349:Hōgen Rebellion
3345: (939–940)
3327: (720–721)
3287:
3278:
3276:
3270:
3263:
3260:
3230:
3225:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3115:World Youth Day
3093:
3082:World Youth Day
3026:Pacem in terris
3020:Pope John XXIII
2959:
2886:
2877:Edict of Nantes
2835:
2831:
2821:
2787:Teresa of Ávila
2782:Tridentine Mass
2718:
2714:
2705:
2686:Knights Templar
2640:
2542:
2498:Gregorian chant
2456:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2363:
2351:
2278:
2147:
2135:
2127:
1994:
1992:Catholic Church
1985:
1943:
1908:
1906:Further reading
1882:
1880:
1871:
1868:
1781:Bolitho, Harold
1770:
1765:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1677:
1673:
1669:Morton, p. 122.
1668:
1664:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1596:
1592:
1583:
1579:
1575:Murray, p. 264.
1574:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:Murray, p. 262.
1551:
1544:
1535:
1531:
1522:
1518:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1480:
1476:Murray, p. 259.
1475:
1471:
1465:Nihon no Kassen
1462:
1455:
1451:Murray, p. 258.
1450:
1446:
1438:De Bary et al.
1437:
1433:
1424:
1417:
1408:
1404:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1346:
1339:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1288:Kōriki Tadafusa
1244:
1236:Fukuyama Domain
1204:Yanagawa Domain
1164:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1069:'s reign) with
1047:
972:
967:
878:
857:in the 1850s.
841:Kōriki Tadafusa
822:Minamishimabara
745:
724:
705:
699:
694:
661:
656:
654:
652:
573:
567:
564:
558:
555:
549:
546:
540:
534:
522:
512:
510:
502:
500:
492:
490:
482:
480:
470:
468:
460:
458:
450:
448:
440:
438:
428:
426:
416:
414:
404:
402:
392:
390:
382:
380:
377:Kuroda Tadayuki
372:
370:
360:
358:
348:
346:
336:
334:
324:
322:
312:
310:
302:
300:
290:
288:
278:
276:
268:
258:
256:
231:
229:
219:
217:
216:
208:
206:
184:
172:
140:
113:
112:
111:
94:
88:
51:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3855:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3734:Bloody May Day
3731:
3724:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3709:Kantō Massacre
3706:
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3681:
3675:
3668:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3653:Jōkyō uprising
3650:
3643:
3641:
3632:
3631:civil disorder
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3612:
3609:Sanmu incident
3606:
3600:
3597:Kyūjō incident
3594:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3561:March incident
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3521:
3518:Hagi Rebellion
3515:
3509:
3503:
3500:Saga Rebellion
3497:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3472:
3469:Mito Rebellion
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3427:Keian Uprising
3424:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3403:Kaga Rebellion
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3313:Isshi incident
3310:
3307:Iwai Rebellion
3304:
3298:
3291:
3289:
3280:
3272:
3271:
3259:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3211:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3022:
3017:
3010:
3005:
3003:Lateran Treaty
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2828:Baroque period
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2797:Peter Canisius
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2772:Francis Xavier
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2736:Exsurge Domine
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2676:Pope Clement V
2673:
2672:
2671:
2669:Avignon Papacy
2664:Western Schism
2661:
2656:
2654:Thomas Aquinas
2650:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2508:Saint Boniface
2505:
2500:
2495:
2493:Pope Gregory I
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2432:Biblical canon
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2386:
2384:
2365:
2361:Late antiquity
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2308:Pope Clement I
2298:Church Fathers
2295:
2289:
2287:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2154:
2152:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2059:Biblical canon
2054:Catholic Bible
2051:
2050:
2049:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1942:
1941:External links
1939:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1899:Nihon meijōshū
1895:
1888:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1797:OCLC 185685588
1778:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1722:
1709:
1684:
1671:
1662:
1660:, pp. 204–205.
1649:
1637:
1630:
1612:
1603:
1590:
1577:
1563:
1554:
1542:
1529:
1516:
1514:, pp. 168–169.
1503:
1494:
1478:
1469:
1453:
1444:
1431:
1429:, pp. 258–259.
1415:
1402:
1372:
1344:
1337:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1243:
1240:
1218:, 6,000 under
1208:Karatsu Domain
1168:Siege of Osaka
1163:
1160:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1121:
1046:
1043:
971:
968:
966:
963:
955:Sassa Narimasa
898:Karatsu Domain
877:
874:
866:civil conflict
696:
695:
693:
692:
687:
685:Tomioka Castle
682:
677:
672:
666:
663:
662:
651:
650:
643:
636:
628:
620:
619:
618:37,000+ killed
616:
615:
614:
613:11,000 wounded
611:
602:
601:
597:
596:
593:
589:
588:
584:
583:
575:Yamada Emosaku
523:
521:
520:
508:
498:
488:
478:
466:
465:Yamada Arinaga
456:
446:
436:
434:Takada Matabei
424:
412:
400:
388:
378:
368:
356:
344:
332:
320:
308:
298:
286:
274:
253:
250:
249:
245:
244:
227:
203:
202:
198:
197:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
164:
162:
158:
157:
154:
146:
145:
132:
131:
124:
123:
115:
114:
110:
109:
102:
91:
69:
66:
55:
52:
33:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3854:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3812:1637 in Japan
3810:
3808:
3807:1638 in Japan
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3740:Shinjuku riot
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3636:
3633:
3627:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
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2999:
2996:
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2988:Pope Pius XII
2986:
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2956:
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2954:Rerum novarum
2951:
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2941:
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2938:Pope Leo XIII
2936:
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2908:United States
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2898:Pope Pius VII
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2581:Scholasticism
2579:
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2572:
2569:
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2559:
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2556:Pope Urban II
2554:
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2332:Justin Martyr
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2255:
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2245:
2244:
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2242:New Testament
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
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2205:Commissioning
2203:
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2160:
2159:
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2149:Apostolic Age
2145:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2124:
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2119:
2116:
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2040:
2036:
2035:Papal primacy
2033:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1917:
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1896:
1893:
1889:
1879:on 2016-04-01
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1726:
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1713:
1699:on 2016-04-01
1698:
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1631:9789004358560
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1328:Merchant Sail
1321:
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1297:
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1283:
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1277:
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1253:
1250:The ruins of
1248:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:Arima Naozumi
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:Kurume Domain
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1157:
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1146:
1142:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1092:of the Dutch
1091:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1051:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1020:Amakusa Shirō
1017:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1006:
997:
993:
988:
981:
980:Amakusa Shirō
976:
962:
960:
959:Higo Province
956:
952:
951:Katō Tadahiro
948:
944:
939:
937:
933:
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855:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
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823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
806:Amakusa Shirō
803:
799:
798:
793:
789:
785:
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780:
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771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
743:
735:
723:
716:
704:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
670:Fukae Village
668:
667:
664:
659:
649:
644:
642:
637:
635:
630:
629:
626:
617:
612:
610:10,800 killed
609:
608:
607:
604:
603:
598:
595:37,000–40,000
594:
591:
590:
585:
581:
576:
572:
570:
563:
561:
554:
552:
545:
543:
537:
532:
527:
526:Amakusa Shirō
524:
519:
509:
499:
489:
479:
477:
467:
457:
447:
437:
435:
425:
423:
413:
411:
410:Arima Naozumi
401:
399:
389:
387:Arima Toyouji
379:
369:
367:
357:
355:
345:
343:
333:
331:
321:
319:
309:
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246:
242:
238:
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215:
205:
204:
199:
191:
188:
187:
181:
177:
174:(present-day
171:
167:
163:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
147:
144:
138:
133:
130:
125:
120:
107:
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100:
92:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
54:
53:
47:
41:
39:
34:You can help
30:
21:
20:
3748: (1970)
3742: (1968)
3736: (1952)
3730: (1946)
3711: (1923)
3705: (1918)
3686: (1905)
3680: (1886)
3674: (1873)
3655: (1686)
3649: (1441)
3617: (1970)
3611: (1961)
3605: (1945)
3599: (1945)
3593: (1936)
3587: (1934)
3581: (1932)
3575: (1932)
3569: (1931)
3563: (1931)
3544: (1884)
3538: (1882)
3532: (1878)
3526: (1877)
3520: (1876)
3514: (1876)
3508: (1876)
3502: (1874)
3496: (1868)
3477: (1864)
3471: (1864)
3465: (1863)
3453:(1862, 1866)
3447: (1837)
3441: (1789)
3429: (1651)
3420:
3417: (1603)
3393: (1441)
3387: (1428)
3381: (1221)
3375: (1201)
3369: (1184)
3363: (1177)
3357: (1160)
3351: (1156)
3176:
3172:Pope Francis
3098:21st century
3047:Pope Paul VI
3024:
3012:
2965:20th century
2952:
2903:Pope Pius IX
2891:19th century
2871:
2867:Pope Pius VI
2734:
2606:Latin Empire
2576:Universities
2528:Pope Leo III
2395:Christianity
2380:state church
2372:Great Church
2173:Resurrection
2136:(30–325/476)
2133:Early Church
2118:Latin Church
2113:Papal States
2108:Vatican City
1933:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1898:
1891:
1881:. Retrieved
1877:the original
1858:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1784:
1774:
1725:
1717:
1712:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:the original
1687:
1679:
1674:
1665:
1657:
1652:
1621:
1615:
1606:
1598:
1593:
1585:
1580:
1557:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1519:
1511:
1506:
1497:
1489:
1472:
1464:
1447:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1410:
1405:
1388:
1384:
1375:
1364:. Retrieved
1327:
1320:
1304:
1300:
1284:
1269:
1261:
1232:Shimazu clan
1180:Toda Ujikane
1165:
1153:
1149:
1145:Hizen Domain
1138:
1115:
1109:
1101:
1083:
1064:
1024:
1009:
1003:
1001:
946:
940:
916:
906:(masterless
901:
879:
863:
859:
852:
836:
826:
795:
792:Christianity
777:
772:
721:
702:
700:
680:Hondo Castle
655:
605:
568:
559:
550:
541:
354:Toda Ujikane
269:
201:Belligerents
81:edit summary
72:
45:(April 2021)
43:
35:
3827:Last stands
3405:(1487–1488)
3399:(1485–1493)
3339: (764)
3333: (740)
3321: (672)
3315: (645)
3309: (527)
3303: (479)
3297: (463)
3178:Laudato si'
2973:Pope Pius X
2802:Philip Neri
2777:Pope Pius V
2752:Thomas More
2621:Inquisition
2523:Charlemagne
2483:Monasticism
2293:Persecution
2185:Holy Spirit
2168:Crucifixion
2047:First seven
1597:Harbottle,
1265:Hara Castle
1252:Hara Castle
1188:Saga Domain
1039:Hara Castle
996:boddhisatva
932:Philippines
818:Hara Castle
800:and mostly
690:Hara Castle
536:Mori Sōiken
143:Hara Castle
40:in Japanese
3766:Categories
3703:Rice riots
3695:Taishō era
3638:Pre-Modern
3286:Pre-Modern
3279:rebellions
3051:coronation
2757:Pope Leo X
2342:Tertullian
2272:Revelation
2247:Background
1883:2008-10-05
1783:. (1974).
1763:References
1703:2008-10-05
1397:10112/1067
1366:2018-04-15
1307:Boshin War
1090:Opperhoofd
1031:Ariake Sea
1016:magistrate
978:Banner of
920:Edo Castle
912:Arima clan
870:Edo period
831:, and the
507:Ii Naozumi
129:Edo period
3746:Koza riot
3720:Shōwa era
3664:Meiji era
3629:Riots and
3553:Shōwa era
3486:Meiji era
3277:coups and
3275:Attempted
3067:Communism
3037:Ecumenism
2383:(380–451)
2375:(180–451)
2364:(313–476)
2286:(100–325)
1678:Bolitho,
1492:, p. 260.
1467:, p. 394.
1272:Catholics
1242:Aftermath
1228:Kagoshima
965:Rebellion
854:Bakumatsu
754:, was an
99:talk page
3077:HIV/AIDS
2571:Crusades
2325:Irenaeus
2318:Ignatius
2313:Polycarp
2163:Ministry
2151:(30–100)
2025:Timeline
1866:Japanese
1736:See also
1720:, p. 51.
1716:Bellah,
1601:, p. 13.
1588:, p. 26.
1540:, p. 18.
1527:, p. 65.
1488:Morton,
1425:Murray,
1413:, p. 18.
1409:Borton,
1360:"WISHES"
829:beheaded
756:uprising
592:200,000+
587:Strength
243:peasants
161:Location
75:provide
3042:Judaism
2442:Vulgate
2252:Gospels
2227:Stephen
2144:Origins
2064:Vulgate
2000:General
1990:of the
1988:History
1768:English
1682:p. 105.
1656:Mason,
1584:Doeff,
1292:seppuku
1254:on the
1224:Nakatsu
1214:; from
1106:battery
947:samurai
936:Katsuie
926:in the
908:samurai
892:of the
886:Amakusa
804:led by
762:of the
749:島原･天草一揆
728:島原･天草の乱
569:†
560:†
551:†
542:†
270:†
97:to the
79:in the
42:.
3411:(1591)
3008:Nazism
2830:to the
2437:Jerome
2347:Origen
2030:Papacy
1791:
1742:Dejima
1628:
1335:
1216:Kokura
1110:de Ryp
1102:de Ryp
1098:Hirado
1027:Kyūshū
1011:daikan
994:, the
837:daimyō
779:daimyō
776:, the
577:
538:
528:
266:
189:Result
3640:Japan
3288:Japan
3110:Islam
2378:Roman
2337:Canon
2210:Peter
2158:Jesus
1852:Japan
1427:Japan
1313:Notes
1156:Hizen
1005:rōnin
970:Start
924:Luzon
903:rōnin
814:siege
810:Dutch
797:rōnin
768:Japan
241:rōnin
180:Japan
59:DeepL
3837:Ikki
3160:2023
3155:2019
3150:2016
3145:2013
3140:2011
3135:2008
3130:2005
3125:2002
3120:2000
3087:1995
2257:Acts
2220:Paul
2215:John
2190:Mary
1789:ISBN
1626:ISBN
1333:ISBN
992:Jizō
953:and
884:and
847:and
709:島原の乱
701:The
239:and
153:Date
73:must
71:You
2146:and
2096:Art
1393:hdl
1389:110
1296:Edo
1096:on
820:in
766:in
739:or
61:or
3768::
1795:;
1640:^
1566:^
1545:^
1481:^
1456:^
1418:^
1387:.
1385:史泉
1383:.
1347:^
1309:.
1282:.
1088:,
961:.
938:.
824:.
731:,
712:,
178:,
168:,
3255:e
3248:t
3241:v
3053:)
3049:(
1980:e
1973:t
1966:v
1886:.
1706:.
1634:.
1399:.
1395::
1369:.
1341:.
1258:.
1014:(
752:)
746:(
737:)
725:(
718:)
706:(
647:e
640:t
633:v
182:)
108:.
101:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
