1128:
817:
621:
1227:
Throughout their partnership, the designs for churches were mainly in Gothic
Revival style. After the arrival of Austin, there was much greater use of Perpendicular features. Brandwood et al. see the practice as national pioneers in this trend, saying "the firm can be seen as a true pioneer in the rehabilitation of Perpendicular architecture after its ecclesiological exile for a quarter of a century". Early examples of what the authors consider to be part of what they call "the Perpendicular revival in the North" are the rebuilding of the bodies of
300:
1052:
1119:, and were constructed in or about 1919. Work continued to be carried out at Sedbergh, Giggleswick, and Leeds Grammar Schools, and on the Royal Lancaster Infirmary. The practice continued to be active until the 1940s. It is uncertain when Harry Paley retired, and it is possible that some work was carried out by his assistants after his retirement. The practice had certainly closed by 1945, when the offices were sold to Lancaster Corporation and the records of the firm were destroyed. Harry Paley died on 19 April 1946.
236:
1212:
728:
29:
928:
311:
Sharpe's youngest sister, Frances, Sharpe formally withdrew from the practice, although it continued to be known as Sharpe and Paley until 1856. Being the only major architect practising in the area between
Preston and Carlisle, Paley took on commissions of all sizes and types but, like Sharpe, his major designs were for churches. Between 1851 and 1867 he designed or rebuilt about 36 new churches, almost all of them for the
531:
1015:(1914). In the commercial field the firm designed workshops and a showroom for William Atkinson, which were among the earliest motor garages and showrooms in the provinces. The practice continued to carry out work for the Lancaster and Skerton Cooperative Society, designing numerous shops in the local area. The partners also carried out work on schools, in particular for Sedbergh School. They designed an extension to
1324:
449:
147:
898:(1892–97), which is considered to be the solely the work of Austin. Brandwood et al. describe it as "the largest, grandest and most expensive church the practice ever built and is the masterwork of Hubert Austin". Hartwell et al. say it is "a church on a splendid scale". Another ecclesiastical project was the chapel at the Royal Albert Asylum (1886–80).
1369:, which possibly led to the commission for the series of churches along the Weaver Navigation. Sharpe had hoped to gain commissions from the Earl of Derby, but was successful only in his design for St Mary, Knowsley. The relationship the practice developed with the major entrepreneurs in Barrow-in-Furness,
1427:
The firm was a "provincial architectural practice" in the strict use of the term; sited as it was in a town some distance from any major city. Its output was almost entirely in North West
England, particularly in Lancashire and in the southern part of what is now Cumbria. Nevertheless, the practice
1365:, whose diocese at that time included Lancashire as well as Cheshire. He was a member of the Church Building Commission, and it is likely that he played a part in Sharpe's involvement in designing Commissioners' Churches. Family connections led to an association with the Greenall family, brewers in
1314:
detailing, while other country houses, such as
Sedgwick House, incorporate Gothic features. Thurland Castle has features of both Elizabethan and late Gothic styles. Motifs taken from the Aesthetic Movement can be found in both the exterior and the interior of their new wing at Holker Hall, and from
1010:
Although church work dominated the work of the practice there were also some secular commissions. There was no work on country houses during this period, nor were there any commissions for public buildings, other than an expansion of the Storey
Institute (1906–08). The last public building designed
837:
In 1886 Edward Paley's son, Henry (who was and is usually known as Harry), became a partner in the practice, which continued to work much as before, with ecclesiastical and secular commissions. New churches were built in villages and towns, and older churches were restored or altered. The first new
742:
Meanwhile, the town of Barrow was continuing to grow, and this resulted in many commissions for the practice. In order to deal with this they opened a sub-office in the town, run by John
Harrison (1837–96), which continued to exist until the late 1880s. The first major commission in the town was to
1468:
churches designed by the practice, Pevsner stated that they were "of the highest
European standard of their years". Of the partners, Pevsner had highest regard for Hubert Austin, whom he called a "genius", saying that it was he "it seems, who was responsible for the firm's masterpieces". The title
1390:
in
Lancaster. He was also an accomplished sportsman and musician. Edward Paley also took an active part in the civil life of Lancaster, while Hubert Austin had a more retiring personality, concentrating more on his work in the practice and with his family. By the time Harry Paley came to run the
1062:
Hubert Austin died on 22 March 1915 leaving Harry Paley as the sole principal, but the practice continued to be known as Austin and Paley. Helped by assistants and clerks Paley continued to work until the 1940s, but without appointing another partner. He continued to work on churches, repairing and
938:
Edward Paley died on 23 January 1895 at the age of 71, and the remaining partners continued the practice under the title Austin and Paley. It is not clear how much Edward Paley had been contributing to the work of the practice in his later years; it is likely that by then Austin had been "the
751:
mill for James
Ramsden (1870–72). Other secular buildings included banks, cemetery buildings (including a large gateway), ten large tenement blocks, schools, villas, meeting halls, and the School of Art. For the Furness Railway they designed stations, goods sheds, workers' cottages and, probably,
456:
Paley continued to work from the offices in St Leonard's Gate after Sharpe's resignation, but in 1860 he moved to offices in Castle Hill, where the practice remained throughout the rest of its existence. During the 1850s he designed St Peter, Lancaster, a Roman
Catholic church that later
1406:
sympathies, and most of the commissions throughout the life of the practice were for the churches of low church or middle-of the-road patrons. This was consistent with the state of Anglicanism generally in Lancashire, possibly a reaction against the strong presence of Catholicism in the county.
1385:
As the office records have been destroyed there is no detailed account of how the office was run, or how the partners related to each other in business matters. Sharpe was a man of many interests and talents. In addition to him being an entrepreneur, establishing a practice that lasted for more
310:
Sharpe appointed Paley as his partner in 1845, and then took an increasing interest in activities outside the practice. By 1847 Paley was responsible for most of the work in the practice, certainly carrying out independent commissions from at least 1849. In 1851, the year of Paley's marriage to
270:
of the gaol (1844). In 1838 he was appointed as architect to what was then called the County Lunatic Asylum (later Lancaster Moor Hospital). Here, in addition to carrying out minor repairs, he added a chapel and six additional wings for the residents. Other duties in this post included work on
160:
Edmund Sharpe established an architectural practice in his mother's house in Penny Street, Lancaster, in late 1835. He had received no formal training in architecture, gaining his knowledge from studying and drawing buildings during a tour of Germany and France between 1832 and 1835. In 1838 he
1226:
During the Paley and Austin partnership, the architectural styles used by the practice changed and developed. In church architecture, Paley had already started to introduce Perpendicular features in some of his designs, and this trend was to continue and increase after the arrival of Austin.
405:
peninsular, and the development of industries using iron as a raw material resulted in many commissions for the practice. The population of Barrow doubled between 1851 and 1861, and doubled again in the next decade. The major figure in the development of the town and the railway was
1039:. Austin's youngest son, Geoffrey Langshaw (1884–1971), also worked with the practice from 1907, and was made a junior partner in January 1914, when the practice became known as Austin, Paley and Austin. However the partnership was short-lived as Geoffrey enlisted to serve in the
1162:(later named the Ecclesiological Society), of which Sharpe was a member, he introduced more "correct" Gothic features into his designs, which he continued to use throughout the rest of his career. In 1844 he was praised by the society for his design of the new steeple at
1254:
identify two other, potentially incompatible, stylistic changes in the firm's designs during this period. The first is what they describe as "a greater muscularity ...at times accompanied by continental overtones". Examples are in the restoration of the tower of
573:. Pollard describes St Chad as one of the partnership's "most powerful churches", Brandwood et al. consider that St John the Evangelist is the practice's "most important church in Manchester. These were followed by the rebuilding, other than the tower, of
138:. The history of the practice, and the works produced during each stage, are described under the titles used by the practice. As there are two periods when the practice worked under the title Austin and Paley, the relevant dates have been added to these headings.
1235:(1870–72). The Perpendicular "would become the stock-in-trade style for some of the most admired buildings as the years rolled on". However they did continue to use features from the Early English and Decorated styles, sometimes together in the same church, as in
901:
During this time much less work was carried out in the secular sphere. There were no new substantial country houses designed during this time, the largest being the "rather plain, four-square" Hampsfield House. The only major public buildings were the
283:, in which role he cared for the roads and bridges in north Lancashire, including building at least two new bridges. He had also become involved with the development of railways in the region, initially by designing bridges and a viaduct for the
246:
In addition to Edward Paley, Sharpe took on other pupils, some of whom later established their own architectural practices. One of these was Thomas Austin (1822–67), who joined Sharpe in 1841 and left in 1852 to set up his practice in
126:. Not all the firm's work was on a large scale; as the major architectural practice in North West England they also undertook work on schools, vicarages, hospitals, factories, hotels, shops, railway stations, and war memorials.
710:(1879–81) is described by Pollard as one of Paley and Austin's "most radical and thrilling churches". Meanwhile, in rapidly growing Barrow, they had built four smaller churches to a common design, each dedicated to one of the
585:(1870–72) was rebuilt in Perpendicular style. Meanwhile the practice was designing new churches or rebuilding old churches for villages in the countryside. Some of these were small, others larger and more impressive, such as
718:
cathedral in Liverpool. Their plan was placed in the top twelve, but failed to make the next round of the competition. In the event the project was abandoned in 1888, the cathedral being built later and on a different site.
59:(1859–1946), son of Edward, usually known as Harry Paley; and, for a very brief period, Geoffrey Langshaw Austin (1884–1971), son of Hubert. The firm's commissions were mainly for buildings in Lancashire and what is now
223:
in the structure of his churches; not just for decoration, as had been done before, but for the whole structure of the church, other than the foundations and rubble infill. The churches resulting from this project were
1494:
In the cases of Edmund Sharpe, and Sharpe and Paley the words "Architect" and "Architects" have been omitted. From 1916 until his death, Harry Paley ran the practice alone, but continued to use the title Austin and
491:(1867–71) with its northwest tower rising to 180 feet (55 m), is considered by Brandwood et al. to be "Paley's other great independent church project". Hartwell et al. refer to it as a "formidable new church".
410:(1822–96), who eventually became managing director of the railway, the Barrow Haematite Steel Company, and the Barrow Shipbuilding Company. The largest deposits of iron ore had been discovered in about 1850 by
106:
elements, and Perpendicular became the dominant style used by the practice following the arrival of Hubert Austin, to such a degree that the firm became regarded as the regional leader in the use of that style.
1428:
did achieve national recognition, especially in the later part of the 19th century, and in particular for its churches. A contemporary opinion of the practice was given by the German architect and critic
544:
On 28 January 1867 Hubert Austin joined Paley in the practice as a partner. He was the half-brother of Thomas Austin, who had been a pupil of Sharpe. Hubert Austin had worked for three years in the office of
461:(1857–59). This is regarded by Brandwood et al. as his "masterwork as an independent church architect". Hartwell et al. agree, calling this church, with its northwest steeple 240 feet (73 m) high, his
43:, Lancashire, England, between 1835 and 1946, working either alone or in partnership. The full names of the principals in their practice, which went under various names during its life, are
262:
Sharpe's architectural works were not limited to churches, nor was his practice confined to architecture. His most important architectural work in the domestic field was his remodelling of
3759:
3744:
910:(1893–96). Work was carried out on school buildings, including extensions at Lancaster Royal Grammar School and Christ Church School, Lancaster (both 1887), and a new building for the
161:
moved his office to Sun Street, and that year Edward Paley, then aged 15, joined him as a pupil. The following year Sharpe moved his office again, this time to St Leonard's Gate.
1335:
3754:
3739:
1391:
practice alone there was less work available. As he was relatively comfortable financially, he was also able to take part in the life of the town and in his sporting interests.
1043:
in February 1915. He saw active service in the First World War, leaving the army in 1919, but did not return to the practice, nor did he continue with an architectural career.
764:
in 1871–75 to replace a wing severely damaged by fire; this was the largest project undertaken by the partners. The next major country house commission was the restoration of
679:, also in Atherton (1878–79), of which Pollard says "The whole is monumental, one of Paley and Austin's best", with a tower that is "magnificently mighty". In Astley Bridge,
1035:
Hubert Austin's eldest son, Bernard Tate (1873–1955), studied architecture in the firm, but had a disagreement with his father and left in 1902 to work as an architect for
939:
chief creative force". The church commissions continued much as before, particularly with new churches, and also with church restorations. New country churches included
514:) in Lancaster (1868–73); it was in Gothic Revival style, and had an E-shaped plan. It has a central French-type tower, with a steeply pitched pyramidal roof flanked by
475:
style was becoming popular elsewhere, it played little part in Paley's designs, other than more elaborate decorative features, such as the embellishment of the principal
3659:
1570:
This is also described by Brandwood et al as "a magnificent essay in space and light, equal to, if very different from, the best churches of the time by masters such as
204:
to build three (or four) churches along its route for their employees. By 1842 he was designing his 31st church, including a long hoped for commission from the
890:
sandstone from Cheshire, Pevsner considered that it was "completely alien in Herts". This period also saw the finest church design to be executed by the practice,
1291:. What became a "favourite feature" for Austin and Paley were carved inscriptions, usually black, sometimes in Latin and sometimes in English; examples can be in
196:, so-called because it was partly financed by a grant from the Church Building Commissioners. In all, Sharpe designed six Commissioner's churches, including
94:
style, except for some of Sharpe's earliest churches and a few designed later by the practice. Within the Gothic Revival style, the practice initially used
1460:. He was particularly impressed by St Peter, Lancaster, and by the village churches designed by the practice. Writing in 1969 the architectural historian
3729:
704:
225:
1000:
914:(1893–94). Commercial buildings included shops for the Lancaster and Skerton Cooperative Society, including a large store in the middle of Lancaster.
422:, and who also played a part in the industry. All three men commissioned the practice to design a variety of buildings. In addition Paley designed a
1464:
said "this Lancaster dynasty of architects did more work in the county, and for a time more outstanding work, than any other". Referring to the late
1173:
style, mainly reflecting features of the 13th and early 14th centuries, with open roofs, benches for the congregation, stalls for the choir, the
3790:
1292:
875:
668:
3724:
804:(1879–85) following severe damage by fire. The practice continued to design new schools, and in the 1870s they began to design new buildings for
3719:
3652:
570:
518:. Paley designed stations for the Furness Railway, starting with the Strand Station in Barrow (1863); he probably also designed the station at
3800:
3780:
598:
1068:
980:
118:
elements as well as Gothic. Other features were incorporated towards the end of the 19th century similar to those in works produced by the
3685:
842:(1888–89). Brandwood et al. describe the 1890s as "something of a golden decade for the firm's country churches". The first of these was
652:
636:
483:. During this decade, before the arrival of Austin, he designed churches for the industrial towns of Lancashire, one of the largest being
635:
They also designed about 23 urban churches of varying sizes and styles. Most were in the industrial towns of Lancashire, except for
3714:
999:(1911–13). Brandwood et al. describe two further buildings as the partnership's "last two major urban churches". The first of these is
948:
177:
557:(1855–56). Following his arrival, the work of the practice continued much as before, with both ecclesiastical and secular commissions.
3785:
3645:
20:
3749:
1092:
968:
676:
415:
467:. During the 1860s, Paley began to design churches with bare brick interior walls, rather than plastered walls, the earliest being
3734:
3495:
1040:
205:
3795:
2943:
2916:
1190:
324:
279:. Sharpe's other business interests were in the field of engineering. By 1837 he had been appointed Bridgemaster for the South
1099:
and monuments. Two of Paley's war memorials are considered to be sufficiently notable to have been designated as Grade II
858:(1894). The 1890s was also a prolific period for new town churches but, before the start of that decade, the firm had designed
134:
During the life of the practice its title varied according to the names of the architects who ran it, either individually or in
988:
886:(1893–95). Brandwood et al. say that it is a "Perpendicular building entirely characteristic of the firm" but, being built in
624:
610:
506:(1864–65). The largest building designed by Paley, and indeed by the practice, was the Royal Albert Asylum (later renamed the
284:
1219:
1186:
1007:(1908–10). Further ecclesiastical works were the chapels built for Sedbergh School (1895–97) and for St Bees' School (1906).
103:
95:
3610:
3525:
3507:
3441:
1228:
1215:
1205:
847:
692:
574:
944:
1182:
99:
3805:
1027:(1913–14), and extra buildings for St Bees School, Rossall School, and the Clergy Daughters' School at Casterton (1896).
839:
808:, creating an association with the school that was to produce commissions throughout the remaining life of the practice.
1432:
who was present in England between 1896 and 1904. He commented on English architecture and architects, and in his book
1127:
2921:
1236:
996:
843:
503:
197:
1978:
3707:
3628:
3592:
3574:
3552:
3485:
3467:
1244:
1240:
984:
964:
940:
594:
586:
519:
342:
between 1847 and 1852, including its "expansive" symmetrical frontage. The next commission was the conversion of a
1280:
1232:
1084:
1072:
911:
867:
582:
511:
252:
882:(near Liverpool) (1891–99). During this time the partnership produced their only church in the south of England,
1288:
1256:
1163:
1143:
1135:
1088:
1080:
992:
891:
883:
859:
820:
696:
468:
169:
1592:
1155:
1131:
976:
484:
371:
355:
291:). He was also becoming involved in the civic life of Lancaster, having been elected as a councillor in 1841.
267:
239:
189:
165:
1263:, Cumbria (1869–70). The other stylistic factor was the use of "gentler, less ornate" motifs taken from the
1239:. Away from the Gothic Revival style, Norman or Norman transitional features were occasionally used, as in
1064:
1055:
863:
644:
590:
328:
209:
2917:"War memorial, cross and enclosing walls approximately 40m north of Church of St Michael, Beetham (1086538)"
1588:
1146:
style, as according to Sharpe "no style can be worked so cheap as Romanesque". He then started to include
960:
851:
672:
640:
488:
173:
1306:
In their secular commissions the practice used a variety of styles. Their new wing at Holker Hall was in
1504:
This term was chosen because terracotta is commonly used as a material for the manufacture of plant pots.
1296:
1260:
1170:
1147:
1076:
1004:
952:
931:
879:
684:
566:
91:
1154:
churches, being an approximation rather than an accurate (or "correct") representation. Influenced by
1151:
956:
703:(1879–81) is considered by Hartwell et al. as "a masterly performance for relatively little cash", and
495:
374:
in Lancaster (1851–52), and eight village schools. Paley's main domestic works were the rebuilding of
276:
907:
773:
707:
370:, including the chapel (1861–62), and the east range (1867). He designed new schools, including the
339:
303:
229:
1193:(1852–53). During the 1850s Paley introduced what was to become one of his favourite features, the
683:, they built two churches, which are described by Hartwell et al. as being "remarkable"; these were
1527:
1457:
1445:
1411:
for many years. Nevertheless, the practice did design churches and other buildings for Catholics,
1307:
1268:
1159:
1012:
951:(1897–1900), the last of which incorporated Romanesque features. After 1900 the practice designed
753:
193:
123:
111:
1530:
in 1871. It was demolished in 1932 and replaced by a new building, also called the Midland Hotel.
675:(1875–77), considered by Pollard to be one of Paley and Austin's "most stimulating churches", and
1575:
1513:
1856 was the year in which Sharpe moved with his family to North Wales to design what is now the
1437:
1181:, steps leading up to the chancel, and no side chapels. Most of the designs were largely in the
816:
793:
769:
354:
starting in 1847. Other secular commissions around this time were for two vicarages and for the
185:
1346:
1327:
550:
72:
768:(1876–78) for Sir Henry de Hoghton. Other work on country houses included building
3459:
1412:
1311:
1197:
777:
731:
507:
499:
472:
383:
316:
115:
83:
1386:
than 100 years, he was a railway engineer and developer, a public figure who pioneered
1362:
1201:
1016:
578:
546:
332:
288:
1377:, resulted in the many commissions for buildings in the town and for the Furness Railway.
1095:(1935–37). A major source of commissions following the First World War was the design of
8:
3697:
1571:
1453:
1284:
458:
443:
427:
351:
248:
48:
620:
581:
style, generally unfashionable at the time, was used throughout. Similarly the body of
110:
The practice used a greater variety of styles when working on country houses, including
1600:
1558:
1020:
431:
419:
363:
216:
90:, and made alterations to existing houses. Almost all their churches were designed in
40:
874:(1899–90, now redundant). Major town churches of the first half of the 1890s include
3624:
3606:
3588:
3570:
3548:
3521:
3503:
3481:
3463:
3437:
1514:
1429:
1399:
1370:
1358:
1354:
1338:
1024:
983:(1899–1900). These were followed in the 20th century by new churches including
614:
407:
394:
312:
3637:
846:(1892–93), mainly Perpendicular in style, but with some rounded arches, followed by
32:
Offices of the practice in Castle Hill, Lancaster, from 1860 until it closed in 1946
3451:
3433:
2912:
1461:
855:
797:
792:(1887). New houses included Oak Lea for Henry Schneider (1874, since demolished),
789:
711:
688:
602:
280:
272:
200:(1838–40). In the early 1840s Sharpe gained a commission from the trustees of the
1051:
565:
Two early large churches in industrial areas in Lancashire were built in 1869–71:
2462:
1416:
1374:
1100:
805:
801:
785:
628:
411:
398:
375:
320:
263:
235:
3056:
2709:
2707:
2694:
2692:
2392:
2390:
299:
1778:
1776:
1036:
367:
3354:
3303:
2881:
2869:
2833:
2821:
2809:
2797:
2243:
2054:
2052:
1003:(1906–08). The other, described as the partners' "last great masterpiece" is
306:
to which Sharpe and Paley made additions and alterations between 1847 and 1852
3774:
3692:
3680:
3566:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
2770:
2758:
2746:
2704:
2689:
2626:
2590:
2578:
2566:
2542:
2513:
2501:
2489:
2450:
2438:
2426:
2387:
2315:
1465:
1449:
1441:
1211:
1150:
features, which often did not accurately reflect the features to be found in
1108:
781:
765:
757:
664:
539:
479:
at Quernmore. He never used the more blatant features of the style, such as
423:
347:
155:
87:
76:
52:
44:
3279:
3267:
3255:
3164:
3080:
3044:
3020:
3008:
2787:
2785:
2724:
2722:
2679:
2677:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2479:
2477:
2303:
2103:
1773:
1746:
1063:
restoring older churches, and designing new ones. His new churches include
800:(1880–82). Their last major work on a country house was the remodelling of
338:
The first secular work undertaken during this period was the remodelling of
3344:
3342:
2291:
2255:
2219:
2197:
2195:
2180:
2156:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2115:
2093:
2091:
2076:
2064:
2049:
2037:
2015:
2013:
1984:
1959:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1884:
1824:
1788:
1763:
1761:
1736:
1734:
1408:
1264:
1116:
1096:
700:
656:
201:
119:
3327:
3291:
3243:
3231:
3212:
3200:
3188:
3128:
2972:
2960:
2893:
2857:
2845:
1707:
1683:
1671:
1659:
1649:
1647:
593:(1878–79). In 1872–73 the partners built their only new church in Wales,
522:(1866). Overlooking the latter town he designed the Grange Hotel (1866).
232:(1845–46). These were nicknamed by Sharpe himself as "the pot churches".
215:
Sharpe was persuaded by his future brother-in-law John Fletcher, owner of
82:
The practice specialised in work on churches; the design of new churches,
28:
3702:
3587:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
3547:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
3520:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
3502:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
3480:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
3176:
3152:
3092:
3068:
2984:
2782:
2734:
2719:
2674:
2662:
2650:
2638:
2602:
2554:
2525:
2474:
2327:
1896:
1395:
1357:
and members of the aristocracy. Sharpe's work came to the notice of the
1272:
871:
832:
761:
715:
462:
379:
343:
135:
86:
older churches, and making additions or alterations. They also designed
56:
3405:
3339:
3315:
2279:
2192:
2168:
2127:
2088:
2010:
1998:
1935:
1908:
1872:
1836:
1812:
1758:
1731:
727:
426:, Abbot's Wood (1857–59) for Ramsden, a large and complex building with
1695:
1644:
1604:
1403:
1387:
1366:
1300:
903:
735:
606:
494:
Secular commissions during this period included the restoration of the
480:
220:
3621:
Sharpe, Paley and Austin: a Lancaster architectural practice 1836–1942
2944:"War Memorial south of Church of St Cuthbert, Great Salkeld (1145370)"
1632:
1350:
1310:
style, as were the additions to Underley Hall. Witherslack Hall has
1112:
972:
927:
895:
854:(1894–96) (Perpendicular again), and a mission church seating 150 at
824:
660:
359:
64:
1334:
515:
387:
68:
3428:
Brandwood, Geoff; Austin, Tim; Hughes, John; Price, James (2012),
2402:
2375:
2207:
530:
1596:
1315:
the Arts and Crafts Movement in the interior of Thurland Castle.
1276:
1194:
1178:
1166:(1843–44), which was described as being "beautiful and correct".
1104:
887:
402:
256:
181:
164:
Sharpe's earliest commissions were for churches, the first being
60:
2614:
1345:
Sharpe's earliest commissions were promoted by his older cousin
1323:
1174:
850:(1892–94), also in Perpendicular style. Smaller churches were
680:
476:
448:
146:
2231:
2144:
1947:
1185:
style, although Paley did occasionally introduce 15th-century
19:
For lists of works by the practice in its various phases, see
2414:
2363:
2351:
2339:
2267:
1469:
of the introduction to the book by Brandwood et al. entitled
1436:(1901) he placed the works of Austin and Paley on a par with
651:, Cheshire. Notable among the Lancashire urban churches are
648:
1719:
760:. The most important commission was to build a new wing at
2996:
1591:
of Lancashire, which was then much larger than the present
1557:
Holker Hall was the seat of William Cavendish, by then the
748:
744:
554:
549:, and before he joined the Lancaster practice had designed
3603:
600 New Churches: the Church Building Commission 1818-1856
3493:
3476:
Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2004),
3427:
3411:
3360:
3348:
3333:
3321:
3309:
3297:
3285:
3273:
3261:
3249:
3237:
3225:
3206:
3194:
3182:
3170:
3158:
3134:
3098:
3086:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3026:
3014:
2990:
2978:
2966:
2899:
2887:
2875:
2863:
2851:
2839:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2791:
2776:
2764:
2752:
2740:
2728:
2713:
2698:
2683:
2668:
2656:
2644:
2632:
2608:
2596:
2584:
2572:
2560:
2548:
2536:
2519:
2507:
2495:
2483:
2468:
2456:
2444:
2432:
2396:
2333:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2261:
2249:
2225:
2201:
2186:
2174:
2162:
2138:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2082:
2070:
2058:
2043:
2019:
2004:
1965:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1842:
1830:
1818:
1794:
1782:
1767:
1752:
1740:
1713:
1701:
1689:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1638:
1380:
1341:, Barrow-in-Furness businessman and patron of the practice
827:, (1892–97) considered to be Hubert Austin's finest church
382:. Other varies commissions included the restoration of a
3371:
3369:
1848:
1001:
St Michael and All Angels, Ashton-on-Ribble, Preston
963:(1909–10). There were many new town churches, including
3760:
Non-ecclesiastical works by Austin and Paley (1916–1944)
3745:
Non-ecclesiastical works by Austin and Paley (1895–1914)
1353:. Whittaker had connections with major figures in the
401:
following the discovery of deposits of iron ore in the
3393:
3381:
3366:
838:
country church resulting from the partnership was the
756:. The partners were also involved with work at large
3667:
3623:, Lancaster: Centre for North-West Regional Studies,
1860:
1800:
714:. In 1884 the partnership submitted plans for a new
3755:
Ecclesiastical works by Austin and Paley (1916–1944)
3740:
Ecclesiastical works by Austin and Paley (1895–1914)
3140:
3116:
3104:
3032:
738:, to which Paley and Austin made alterations in 1870
663:(1870–75), described by Pollard as "one of the best
609:, and by the rebuilding of the old parish church of
3475:
2941:
2911:
2408:
2381:
2213:
2025:
1398:, and most of the church commissions came from the
184:. Larger and grander churches followed, including
51:(1823–95), who practised as E. G. Paley;
3458:, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London:
255:(1830–1911), who created a successful practice in
1620:
3772:
386:(1853), and cemetery buildings in Lancaster and
172:(1836–37). He then designed two small chapels,
39:are the surnames of architects who practised in
3515:
2237:
2150:
1953:
1548:This is the highest church tower in Lancashire.
3582:
2420:
2369:
2357:
2345:
2273:
3653:
3449:
2620:
1407:Henry Austin was a keen churchman, and was a
1267:, or motifs that could "pass muster as proto-
226:St Stephen and All Martyrs, Lever Bridge
3730:Non-ecclesiastical works by Paley and Austin
3583:Pollard, Richard; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2006),
3516:Hartwell, Clare; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2009) ,
3430:The Architecture of Sharpe, Paley and Austin
1471:The Architecture of Sharpe, Paley and Austin
102:features. E. G. Paley introduced
3565:, The Buildings of England, Harmondsworth:
1189:features, for example in his rebuilding of
1030:
669:St Michael and All Angels, Howe Bridge
639:(1877–78) in Scotland, a mission chapel in
3660:
3646:
1983:, Midland Hotel, Morecambe, archived from
811:
695:(1882–85), which was demolished in 1975.
597:. This was followed by an estate church,
366:(1850–51). Paley also carried out work at
266:(1844–48), and in Knutsford he designed a
21:Lists of works by Sharpe, Paley and Austin
3478:Lancashire: Manchester and the South-East
1434:Die neuere kirchliche Baukunst in England
1103:. They are both in villages in Cumbria,
981:St Thomas, St Anne's-on-the-Sea
3791:Companies based in Lancaster, Lancashire
3725:Ecclesiastical works by Paley and Austin
3585:Lancashire: Liverpool and the South-West
1333:
1322:
1210:
1126:
1069:St Stephen on-the-Cliffs, Blackpool
1050:
926:
815:
726:
619:
529:
447:
298:
234:
145:
27:
3720:Non-ecclesiastical works by E. G. Paley
3560:
3542:
3399:
3387:
3375:
1381:Practice organisation and personalities
1122:
560:
3773:
3605:(2nd ed.), Reading: Spire Books,
3533:
1866:
1854:
1806:
1169:Almost all of Paley's designs were in
1142:Sharpe's first three churches were in
285:Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway
3801:British companies established in 1835
3781:Architecture firms based in Lancaster
3641:
3618:
3146:
3122:
3110:
3038:
3002:
2031:
1626:
1259:, (1868–70) and in the new church of
637:St John the Evangelist, Greenock
571:St John the Evangelist, Cheetham
3600:
1725:
1595:; it included parts of what are now
1587:The county referred to here was the
1539:Abbot's Wood was demolished in 1960.
1222:style by Paley and Austin in 1871–73
418:, who was at that time the 2nd
129:
3715:Ecclesiastical works by E. G. Paley
2409:Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004)
2382:Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004)
2214:Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004)
1177:to the side of the entrance to the
1085:St Barbara, Earlsdon, Coventry
1041:King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment
997:St Margaret, Halliwell, Bolton
993:St Andrew, Starbeck, Harrogate
969:St John the Divine, Sandylands
917:
840:Church of the Good Shepherd, Tatham
625:St Mary's Church, Dalton-in-Furness
525:
323:. Among his earlier churches were
294:
242:, (1837–48) Sharpe's largest church
188:(1839–40), and his largest church,
13:
2948:National Heritage List for England
2922:National Heritage List for England
1347:Revd J. W. Whitaker
1216:St Mary the Virgin's Church, Leigh
772:(1868–69), adding an extension to
504:Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works
14:
3817:
3786:People from Lancaster, Lancashire
3750:Works by Austin, Paley and Austin
1363:Rt Rev John Bird Sumner
653:St Matthew and St James
647:(1884–85) in the railway town of
3735:Works by Paley, Austin and Paley
3494:Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew;
2935:
2905:
1581:
1564:
1191:St Patrick, Preston Patrick
1091:(1930–32), and his last church,
912:Keswick School of Industrial Art
906:(1887–91) in Lancaster, and the
860:St Mary, Ince-in-Makerfield
722:
512:Jamea Al Kauthar Islamic College
393:The rapid growth of the town of
378:(1855–56), and a smaller house,
325:St Patrick, Preston Patrick
219:, to experiment with the use of
141:
3536:Edmund Sharpe: Man of Lancaster
1971:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1520:
1507:
1498:
1473:is "A practice like no other".
979:(1898–1901 now redundant), and
627:, (1884–85) a new church with
180:(both 1837–38), in what is now
168:(1836–38), quickly followed by
3796:1835 establishments in England
1488:
1402:. Sharpe, in particular, had
848:St Peter, Field Broughton
502:(1859), and buildings for the
487:(1863–66). The rebuilding of
437:
240:Holy Trinity Church, Blackburn
1:
3498:; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2011) ,
2238:Hartwell & Pevsner (2009)
2151:Hartwell & Pevsner (2009)
1954:Hartwell & Pevsner (2009)
1476:
1271:work". Features "verging on
1156:A. W. N. Pugin
1056:All Saints Church, Becconsall
776:(1870), making extensions to
583:All Saints' Church, Daresbury
192:(1837–48). The latter was a
2421:Pollard & Pevsner (2006)
2370:Pollard & Pevsner (2006)
2358:Pollard & Pevsner (2006)
2346:Pollard & Pevsner (2006)
2274:Pollard & Pevsner (2006)
1980:History of the Midland Hotel
1526:Its name was changed to the
1458:George Gilbert Scott, junior
1422:
1218:, the body being rebuilt in
922:
821:St George's Church, Heaviley
752:the circular water tower at
641:Scarborough, North Yorkshire
170:St Saviour's Church, Cuerden
7:
3543:Pevsner, Nikolaus (2002) ,
2621:Cherry & Pevsner (1977)
1559:7th Duke of Devonshire
1328:Revd John William Whittaker
1237:New St Leonard, Langho
1206:St James, Wrightington
1132:St Mark's Church, Blackburn
965:St Barnabas, Morecambe
876:St John, Crawshawbooth
844:St Bartholomew, Barbon
599:St John the Evangelist
198:St George, Stalybridge
10:
3822:
3806:Architects from Lancashire
3561:Pevsner, Nikolaus (1969),
1318:
1245:St Peter, Finsthwaite
1241:St Mary, Betws-y-Coed
1046:
985:St Michael, Middleton
941:St Mark, Dolphinholme
830:
595:St Mary, Betws-y-Coed
587:St Peter, Finsthwaite
537:
441:
397:, the construction of the
315:, with a small number for
153:
18:
3676:
1289:St George, Heaviley
1073:St Hilda, Bilsborrow
1023:, North Wales (1901–03),
908:Lancaster Royal Infirmary
862:(1887, demolished 1974),
697:St James, Daisy Hill
510:which is currently named
489:St Peter's Church, Bolton
124:Arts and Crafts Movements
3670:Sharpe, Paley and Austin
3534:Hughes, John M. (2010),
1394:All the principals were
1275:" are present in window
1257:St Peter, Heversham
1164:St Michael, Kirkham
1160:Cambridge Camden Society
1081:St Stephen, Whelley
1031:Austin, Paley and Austin
1013:Hornby Village Institute
949:St John, Flookburgh
932:St Mary's Church, Widnes
892:St George, Heaviley
868:St John, Cloughfold
705:St Peter, Westleigh
687:(1878–81), which is now
677:St John the Baptist
577:(1871–73), in which the
485:St James, Poolstock
469:St Peter, Quernmore
362:(1847), and for work at
37:Sharpe, Paley and Austin
3412:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3361:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3349:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3334:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3322:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3310:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3298:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3286:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3274:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3262:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3250:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3238:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3226:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3207:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3195:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3183:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3171:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3159:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3135:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3099:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3087:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3075:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3063:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3051:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3027:Brandwood et al. (2012)
3015:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2991:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2979:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2967:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2900:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2888:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2876:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2864:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2852:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2840:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2828:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2816:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2804:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2792:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2777:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2765:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2753:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2741:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2729:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2714:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2699:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2684:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2669:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2645:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2633:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2609:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2597:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2585:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2573:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2561:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2549:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2537:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2520:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2508:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2496:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2484:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2469:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2457:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2445:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2433:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2397:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2334:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2322:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2310:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2298:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2286:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2262:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2250:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2226:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2202:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2187:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2175:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2163:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2139:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2122:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2110:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2098:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2083:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2071:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2059:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2044:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2020:Brandwood et al. (2012)
2005:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1966:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1942:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1930:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1918:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1903:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1891:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1879:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1843:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1831:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1819:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1795:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1783:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1768:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1753:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1741:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1728:, pp. 331, 334–335
1714:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1702:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1690:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1678:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1666:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1654:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1639:Brandwood et al. (2012)
1330:, Sharpe's early patron
1297:Christ Church, Waterloo
1083:(1928–30 and 1937–38),
1011:by the partnership was
977:St Anne, Hindsford
880:Christ Church, Waterloo
864:St John, Birkdale
812:Paley, Austin and Paley
667:churches in Liverpool,
206:13th Earl of Derby
190:Holy Trinity, Blackburn
186:Christ Church, Walmsley
3708:Sharpe and Paley works
2657:Hartwell et al. (2011)
2471:, pp. 90, 125–126
1342:
1331:
1293:St John, Crawshawbooth
1223:
1139:
1065:All Saints, Becconsall
1059:
935:
828:
739:
632:
591:St Peter, Scorton
551:Christ Church, Ashford
535:
471:(1860). Although the
453:
346:close to the ruins of
329:St Anne, Thwaites
307:
268:house for the governor
243:
230:Holy Trinity, Rusholme
210:St Mary, Knowsley
151:
33:
3619:Price, James (1998),
3460:Yale University Press
1337:
1326:
1281:All Saints, St Helens
1233:All Saints, Daresbury
1214:
1130:
1054:
971:(1898–1901) (also in
961:St Mark, Natland
930:
852:St Mary, Borwick
819:
730:
623:
533:
508:Royal Albert Hospital
451:
302:
251:. Another pupil was
238:
194:Commissioners' church
178:St John, Cowgill
174:Holy Trinity, Howgill
149:
31:
3703:Henry Anderson Paley
3601:Port, M. H. (2006),
3538:(CD), John M. Hughes
3065:, pp. 56–58, 92
3005:, pp. 38–39, 41
1261:St Mary, Walton
1202:Christ Church, Bacup
1123:Architectural styles
1089:St Thomas, Blackpool
1079:(1927–28 and 1938),
1077:St Luke, Orrell
1017:Leeds Grammar School
1005:St Mary, Widnes
989:St Mary, Walney
953:All Saints, Barnacre
884:All Saints, Hertford
567:St Chad, Kirkby
561:Ecclesiastical works
547:George Gilbert Scott
384:music hall in Settle
372:Royal Grammar School
333:Christ Church, Bacup
289:West Coast Main Line
166:St Mark, Witton
57:Henry Anderson Paley
3698:Edward Graham Paley
3693:Hubert James Austin
2252:, pp. 2, 85–87
1572:Giles Gilbert Scott
1229:St Mary, Leigh
1093:St John, Abram
957:St John, Ellel
945:St Luke, Slyne
575:St Mary, Leigh
459:Lancaster Cathedral
444:Edward Graham Paley
356:North Western Hotel
352:Furness Abbey Hotel
249:Newcastle upon Tyne
98:and, particularly,
75:, North Wales, and
53:Hubert James Austin
49:Edward Graham Paley
3363:, pp. 162–187
2942:Historic England,
2890:, pp. 179–180
2878:, pp. 180–187
2842:, pp. 174–177
2830:, pp. 146–147
2818:, pp. 165–167
2806:, pp. 164–165
2779:, pp. 160–161
2767:, pp. 143–145
2755:, pp. 139–142
2716:, pp. 171–173
2701:, pp. 168–171
2635:, pp. 153–157
2623:, pp. 185–186
2599:, pp. 150–151
2587:, pp. 149–150
2575:, pp. 148–149
2551:, pp. 138–139
2522:, pp. 132–133
2510:, pp. 129–131
2498:, pp. 127–129
2459:, pp. 122–125
2447:, pp. 119–121
2435:, pp. 118–119
2399:, pp. 112–113
2324:, pp. 101–102
1857:, pp. 316–341
1601:Greater Manchester
1413:Congregationalists
1343:
1332:
1283:, and on the gate-
1265:Aesthetic Movement
1224:
1158:(1812–52) and the
1140:
1060:
1021:Llandovery College
936:
829:
740:
633:
536:
454:
420:Earl of Burlington
364:Giggleswick School
317:Congregationalists
308:
244:
217:Ladyshore Colliery
152:
34:
16:Architectural firm
3768:
3767:
3612:978-1-904965-08-4
3527:978-0-300-12667-9
3518:Lancashire: North
3509:978-0-300-17043-6
3452:Pevsner, Nikolaus
3450:Cherry, Bridget;
3443:978-1-84802-049-8
3312:, p. 188–196
2312:, pp. 99–101
2112:, pp. 19, 55
1785:, pp. 19, 32
1755:, pp. 29, 31
1593:ceremonial county
1515:Conwy Valley Line
1430:Hermann Muthesius
1400:Church of England
1359:Bishop of Chester
1355:Church of England
1339:Sir James Ramsden
1269:Arts & Crafts
1115:in the form of a
1025:Shrewsbury School
947:(1898–1900), and
615:Dalton-in-Furness
520:Grange-over-Sands
416:William Cavendish
414:in land owned by
395:Barrow-in-Furness
390:(1855 and 1856).
313:Church of England
287:(now part of the
202:Weaver Navigation
130:History and works
3813:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3615:
3597:
3579:
3563:South Lancashire
3557:
3545:North Lancashire
3539:
3530:
3512:
3490:
3472:
3446:
3434:English Heritage
3415:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3288:, pp. 71–75
3283:
3277:
3276:, pp. 28–29
3271:
3265:
3264:, pp. 1, 20
3259:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3174:
3173:, pp. 91–92
3168:
3162:
3156:
3150:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3114:
3108:
3102:
3096:
3090:
3089:, pp. 94–97
3084:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3053:, pp. 57–58
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3029:, pp. 56–57
3024:
3018:
3017:, pp. 33–34
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2982:
2976:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2913:Historic England
2909:
2903:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2867:
2861:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2717:
2711:
2702:
2696:
2687:
2681:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2523:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2300:, pp. 94–96
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2264:, pp. 92–94
2259:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2228:, pp. 75–77
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2190:
2189:, pp. 66–68
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2165:, pp. 62–63
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2125:
2124:, pp. 59–61
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2086:
2085:, pp. 74–75
2080:
2074:
2073:, pp. 71–73
2068:
2062:
2061:, pp. 68–70
2056:
2047:
2046:, pp. 70–71
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1987:on 7 August 2011
1975:
1969:
1968:, pp. 40–41
1963:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1932:, pp. 57–59
1927:
1921:
1915:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1893:, pp. 2, 55
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1833:, pp. 38–42
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1797:, pp. 34–37
1792:
1786:
1780:
1771:
1765:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1716:, pp. 26–27
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1692:, pp. 23–24
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1668:, pp. 12–17
1663:
1657:
1651:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1608:
1585:
1579:
1568:
1562:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1492:
1462:Nikolaus Pevsner
1231:, (1871–73) and
1138:church by Sharpe
1101:listed buildings
918:Austin and Paley
904:Storey Institute
856:Sunderland Point
798:Hampsfield House
794:Witherslack Hall
790:Whittington Hall
712:Four Evangelists
645:St Barnabas
526:Paley and Austin
295:Sharpe and Paley
281:Lonsdale Hundred
273:Lancaster Castle
3821:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3672:
3666:
3636:
3631:
3613:
3595:
3577:
3555:
3528:
3510:
3496:Hubbard, Edward
3488:
3470:
3444:
3418:
3410:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3386:
3382:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3355:
3347:
3340:
3332:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3308:
3304:
3296:
3292:
3284:
3280:
3272:
3268:
3260:
3256:
3248:
3244:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3213:
3205:
3201:
3193:
3189:
3181:
3177:
3169:
3165:
3157:
3153:
3145:
3141:
3133:
3129:
3121:
3117:
3109:
3105:
3097:
3093:
3085:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3033:
3025:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3001:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2977:
2973:
2965:
2961:
2952:
2950:
2940:
2936:
2927:
2925:
2910:
2906:
2898:
2894:
2886:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2862:
2858:
2850:
2846:
2838:
2834:
2826:
2822:
2814:
2810:
2802:
2798:
2790:
2783:
2775:
2771:
2763:
2759:
2751:
2747:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2720:
2712:
2705:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2663:
2655:
2651:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2547:
2543:
2535:
2526:
2518:
2514:
2506:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2482:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2439:
2431:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2388:
2380:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2356:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2328:
2320:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2248:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2128:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1889:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1853:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1829:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1739:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1712:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1684:
1680:, p. 20–23
1676:
1672:
1664:
1660:
1652:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1625:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1589:historic county
1586:
1582:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1525:
1521:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1425:
1388:sanitary reform
1383:
1375:Henry Schneider
1321:
1243:(1872–73), and
1125:
1049:
1033:
995:(1909–10), and
959:(1906–07), and
925:
920:
878:(1890–92), and
866:(1899–90), and
835:
814:
806:Sedbergh School
802:Thurland Castle
788:(1875–76), and
786:Capernwray Hall
725:
693:St Saviour
563:
542:
528:
446:
440:
412:Henry Schneider
399:Furness Railway
376:Wennington Hall
331:(1853–54), and
321:Roman Catholics
297:
277:Judges Lodgings
264:Capernwray Hall
228:(1842–44), and
158:
144:
132:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3819:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3665:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3642:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3616:
3611:
3598:
3593:
3580:
3575:
3558:
3553:
3540:
3531:
3526:
3513:
3508:
3491:
3486:
3473:
3468:
3447:
3442:
3424:
3417:
3416:
3404:
3400:Pevsner (1969)
3392:
3388:Pevsner (1969)
3380:
3376:Pevsner (2002)
3365:
3353:
3338:
3326:
3314:
3302:
3300:, pp. 5–6
3290:
3278:
3266:
3254:
3242:
3230:
3211:
3199:
3187:
3175:
3163:
3151:
3139:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3091:
3079:
3067:
3055:
3043:
3031:
3019:
3007:
2995:
2983:
2971:
2959:
2934:
2904:
2892:
2880:
2868:
2856:
2844:
2832:
2820:
2808:
2796:
2781:
2769:
2757:
2745:
2733:
2718:
2703:
2688:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2613:
2601:
2589:
2577:
2565:
2553:
2541:
2524:
2512:
2500:
2488:
2473:
2461:
2449:
2437:
2425:
2413:
2401:
2386:
2374:
2362:
2350:
2338:
2326:
2314:
2302:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2143:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2087:
2075:
2063:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2009:
1997:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1907:
1895:
1883:
1871:
1859:
1847:
1835:
1823:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1772:
1757:
1745:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1670:
1658:
1643:
1631:
1618:
1610:
1609:
1580:
1563:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1519:
1506:
1497:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1475:
1424:
1421:
1382:
1379:
1320:
1317:
1171:Gothic Revival
1134:, (1836–38) a
1124:
1121:
1048:
1045:
1037:Lever Brothers
1032:
1029:
924:
921:
919:
916:
831:Main article:
813:
810:
770:Sedgwick House
758:country houses
724:
721:
589:(1873–74) and
562:
559:
538:Main article:
527:
524:
473:High Victorian
442:Main article:
439:
436:
368:Rossall School
296:
293:
154:Main article:
143:
140:
131:
128:
92:Gothic Revival
88:country houses
63:, but also in
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3818:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3681:Edmund Sharpe
3679:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3632:
3630:1-86220-054-8
3626:
3622:
3617:
3614:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3596:
3594:0-300-10910-5
3590:
3586:
3581:
3578:
3576:0-300-09617-8
3572:
3568:
3564:
3559:
3556:
3554:0-300-09617-8
3550:
3546:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3529:
3523:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3492:
3489:
3487:0-300-10583-5
3483:
3479:
3474:
3471:
3469:0-14-071007-8
3465:
3461:
3457:
3456:Hertfordshire
3453:
3448:
3445:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3413:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3389:
3384:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3362:
3357:
3350:
3345:
3343:
3336:, p. 4–5
3335:
3330:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3306:
3299:
3294:
3287:
3282:
3275:
3270:
3263:
3258:
3252:, p. 126
3251:
3246:
3240:, p. 129
3239:
3234:
3228:, p. 131
3227:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3209:, p. 149
3208:
3203:
3197:, p. 150
3196:
3191:
3184:
3179:
3172:
3167:
3160:
3155:
3148:
3143:
3137:, p. 101
3136:
3131:
3124:
3119:
3112:
3107:
3100:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3076:
3071:
3064:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3035:
3028:
3023:
3016:
3011:
3004:
2999:
2992:
2987:
2981:, p. 187
2980:
2975:
2969:, p. 180
2968:
2963:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2902:, p. 249
2901:
2896:
2889:
2884:
2877:
2872:
2866:, p. 178
2865:
2860:
2854:, p. 177
2853:
2848:
2841:
2836:
2829:
2824:
2817:
2812:
2805:
2800:
2794:, p. 164
2793:
2788:
2786:
2778:
2773:
2766:
2761:
2754:
2749:
2743:, p. 135
2742:
2737:
2731:, p. 174
2730:
2725:
2723:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2686:, p. 167
2685:
2680:
2678:
2671:, p. 146
2670:
2665:
2659:, p. 609
2658:
2653:
2647:, p. 153
2646:
2641:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2617:
2611:, p. 151
2610:
2605:
2598:
2593:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2563:, p. 139
2562:
2557:
2550:
2545:
2539:, p. 137
2538:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2521:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2497:
2492:
2486:, p. 125
2485:
2480:
2478:
2470:
2465:
2458:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2423:, p. 230
2422:
2417:
2411:, p. 676
2410:
2405:
2398:
2393:
2391:
2384:, p. 150
2383:
2378:
2372:, p. 136
2371:
2366:
2360:, p. 141
2359:
2354:
2348:, p. 439
2347:
2342:
2336:, p. 103
2335:
2330:
2323:
2318:
2311:
2306:
2299:
2294:
2287:
2282:
2276:, p. 213
2275:
2270:
2263:
2258:
2251:
2246:
2240:, p. 405
2239:
2234:
2227:
2222:
2216:, p. 137
2215:
2210:
2203:
2198:
2196:
2188:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2153:, p. 369
2152:
2147:
2140:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2072:
2067:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2006:
2001:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1962:
1956:, p. 347
1955:
1950:
1943:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1912:
1905:, p. 194
1904:
1899:
1892:
1887:
1880:
1875:
1869:, p. 412
1868:
1867:Hughes (2010)
1863:
1856:
1855:Hughes (2010)
1851:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1827:
1820:
1815:
1809:, p. 243
1808:
1807:Hughes (2010)
1803:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1686:
1679:
1674:
1667:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1640:
1635:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1560:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1529:
1528:Midland Hotel
1523:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:J. D. Sedding
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1420:
1418:
1417:Presbyterians
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:James Ramsden
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1329:
1325:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1220:Perpendicular
1217:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:Perpendicular
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1109:Great Salkeld
1106:
1102:
1098:
1097:war memorials
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1057:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
967:(1898–1900),
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
933:
929:
915:
913:
909:
905:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
834:
826:
822:
818:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
782:Underley Hall
779:
775:
774:Leighton Hall
771:
767:
766:Hoghton Tower
763:
759:
755:
750:
746:
737:
733:
729:
723:Secular works
720:
717:
713:
709:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
630:
626:
622:
618:
616:
613:(1884–85) at
612:
608:
604:
601:(1882–84) at
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
579:Perpendicular
576:
572:
568:
558:
556:
552:
548:
541:
540:Hubert Austin
534:Hubert Austin
532:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
500:Dalton Castle
497:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
465:
464:chef d'oeuvre
460:
450:
445:
435:
433:
429:
425:
424:country house
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:James Ramsden
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:Furness Abbey
345:
341:
340:Hornby Castle
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
305:
304:Hornby Castle
301:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
241:
237:
233:
231:
227:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
162:
157:
156:Edmund Sharpe
150:Edmund Sharpe
148:
142:Edmund Sharpe
139:
137:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
105:
104:Perpendicular
101:
97:
96:Early English
93:
89:
85:
80:
78:
77:Hertfordshire
74:
73:West Midlands
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:(1841–1915);
54:
50:
46:
45:Edmund Sharpe
42:
38:
30:
26:
22:
3669:
3620:
3602:
3584:
3562:
3544:
3535:
3517:
3499:
3477:
3455:
3429:
3420:
3419:
3407:
3402:, p. 44
3395:
3390:, p. 45
3383:
3378:, p. 31
3356:
3329:
3317:
3305:
3293:
3281:
3269:
3257:
3245:
3233:
3202:
3190:
3185:, p. 92
3178:
3166:
3161:, p. 91
3154:
3149:, p. 82
3147:Price (1998)
3142:
3130:
3125:, p. 80
3123:Price (1998)
3118:
3113:, p. 85
3111:Price (1998)
3106:
3101:, p. 97
3094:
3082:
3077:, p. 94
3070:
3058:
3046:
3041:, p. 41
3039:Price (1998)
3034:
3022:
3010:
3003:Price (1998)
2998:
2993:, p. 21
2986:
2974:
2962:
2951:, retrieved
2947:
2937:
2926:, retrieved
2920:
2907:
2895:
2883:
2871:
2859:
2847:
2835:
2823:
2811:
2799:
2772:
2760:
2748:
2736:
2664:
2652:
2640:
2628:
2616:
2604:
2592:
2580:
2568:
2556:
2544:
2515:
2503:
2491:
2464:
2452:
2440:
2428:
2416:
2404:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2341:
2329:
2317:
2305:
2293:
2288:, p. 93
2281:
2269:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2209:
2204:, p. 66
2182:
2177:, p. 63
2170:
2158:
2146:
2141:, p. 58
2117:
2105:
2100:, p. 74
2078:
2066:
2039:
2034:, p. 77
2032:Price (1998)
2027:
2022:, p. 68
2007:, p. 41
2000:
1989:, retrieved
1985:the original
1979:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1944:, p. 40
1937:
1925:
1920:, p. 56
1898:
1886:
1881:, p. 55
1874:
1862:
1850:
1845:, p. 38
1838:
1826:
1821:, p. 31
1814:
1802:
1790:
1770:, p. 32
1748:
1743:, p. 29
1721:
1709:
1704:, p. 26
1697:
1685:
1673:
1661:
1656:, p. 19
1634:
1627:Price (1998)
1622:
1614:
1613:
1583:
1576:Temple Moore
1566:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1522:
1509:
1500:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1470:
1446:James Brooks
1433:
1426:
1409:churchwarden
1393:
1384:
1344:
1305:
1251:
1249:
1225:
1168:
1141:
1117:Celtic cross
1061:
1034:
1009:
937:
900:
836:
796:(1874), and
741:
701:Westhoughton
657:Mossley Hill
643:(1885), and
634:
611:St Mary
564:
543:
493:
463:
455:
392:
337:
309:
261:
253:John Douglas
245:
214:
163:
159:
133:
109:
81:
36:
35:
25:
3432:, Swindon:
3414:, p. 1
3351:, p. 3
3324:, p. 6
1726:Port (2006)
1641:, p. 2
1629:, p. 5
1454:Norman Shaw
1349:, vicar of
1308:Elizabethan
1273:Art Nouveau
1247:(1873–74).
1204:(1854) and
1200:window, in
1087:(1930–31),
1075:(1926–27),
1071:(1925–27),
1067:(1925–26),
1019:(1904–05),
991:(1907–08),
987:(1901–02),
955:(1905–06),
943:(1897–98),
872:Rawtenstall
833:Henry Paley
778:Walton Hall
762:Holker Hall
732:Walton Hall
629:chequerwork
605:, south of
452:E. G. Paley
438:E. G. Paley
380:The Ridding
344:manor house
327:(1852–53),
212:(1843–44).
136:partnership
112:Elizabethan
47:(1809–77);
3775:Categories
1991:8 February
1605:Merseyside
1477:References
1404:low church
1367:Warrington
1301:Merseyside
1250:Brandwood
1144:Romanesque
1136:Romanesque
1111:, both in
736:Warrington
631:decoration
607:Warrington
481:polychromy
434:features.
221:terracotta
208:to design
3668:Works of
3454:(1977) ,
1615:Citations
1466:Victorian
1423:Appraisal
1396:Anglicans
1351:Blackburn
1299:(both in
1195:traceried
1183:Decorated
1113:sandstone
1058:(1925–26)
973:Morecambe
934:(1908–10)
923:1895–1914
896:Stockport
825:Stockport
743:design a
689:redundant
685:All Souls
665:Victorian
661:Liverpool
516:pinnacles
498:tower at
360:Morecambe
350:into the
120:Aesthetic
100:Decorated
84:restoring
65:Yorkshire
41:Lancaster
3500:Cheshire
2953:13 March
2928:13 March
1312:Jacobean
1287:outside
1208:(1857).
1152:medieval
784:(1872),
780:(1870),
754:Seascale
716:Anglican
673:Atherton
496:medieval
388:Stalmine
335:(1854).
275:and the
122:and the
116:Jacobean
69:Cheshire
3567:Penguin
3421:Sources
1597:Cumbria
1319:Patrons
1277:tracery
1179:chancel
1105:Beetham
1047:1915–44
888:Runcorn
734:, near
477:rafters
457:became
403:Furness
257:Chester
182:Cumbria
61:Cumbria
3627:
3609:
3591:
3573:
3551:
3524:
3506:
3484:
3466:
3440:
1495:Paley.
1456:, and
1442:Garner
1438:Bodley
1373:, and
1295:, and
1198:oculus
1175:pulpit
1148:Gothic
691:, and
681:Bolton
603:Walton
569:, and
428:Gothic
176:, and
71:, the
3686:works
1482:Notes
1285:piers
1252:et al
870:, in
708:Leigh
649:Crewe
432:Tudor
3625:ISBN
3607:ISBN
3589:ISBN
3571:ISBN
3549:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3504:ISBN
3482:ISBN
3464:ISBN
3438:ISBN
2955:2012
2930:2013
1993:2013
1603:and
1574:and
1440:and
1415:and
1107:and
749:jute
747:and
745:flax
555:Kent
430:and
319:and
114:and
1303:).
1279:in
975:),
894:in
358:in
3777::
3569:,
3462:,
3436:,
3368:^
3341:^
3214:^
2946:,
2919:,
2915:,
2784:^
2721:^
2706:^
2691:^
2676:^
2527:^
2476:^
2389:^
2194:^
2129:^
2090:^
2051:^
2012:^
1910:^
1775:^
1760:^
1733:^
1646:^
1599:,
1578:".
1452:,
1448:,
1444:,
1419:.
1361:,
823:,
699:,
671:,
659:,
655:,
617:.
553:,
259:.
79:.
67:,
3661:e
3654:t
3647:v
1607:.
1561:.
1517:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
