40:
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243:
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because he could simply abscond with the money. Instead, those to whom money was owed could claim it directly from the ship's captain. An enterprising crimp, already dealing with a seaman, could supplement his income by supplying goods and services to the seaman at an inflated price, and collecting the debt from the sailor's captain.
339:
In some situations, the boarding master could receive the first two, three, or four months of wages of a man he shipped out. Sailors were able to get an advance against their pay for an upcoming voyage to allow them to purchase clothes and equipment, but the advance wasn't paid directly to the sailor
2489:
In 2005 Mystic
Seaport Museum received, in database form, information gathered from a rare source, the ledger book of 19th century shipping master James Laflin. This ledger is accessible through the J. Porter Shaw Library, San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. For more information, visit:
421:
came into effect. This law prohibited the practice of seamen taking advances on wages. It also limited the making of seamen's allotments to only close relatives. However, the crimps fought back. In 1886, a loophole to the
Dingley Act was created, allowing boardinghouse keepers to receive seamen's
2159:
The widespread adoption of steam-powered vessels in the world's merchant marine services in the late 19th and early 20th centuries radically altered the economics of seafaring. Without acres of canvas to be furled and unfurled, the demand for unskilled labor greatly diminished (and, by extension,
405:
Before 1865, maritime labor laws primarily enforced stricter discipline on board ships. However, after 1865, this began to change. In 1868, New York State started cracking down on sailors' boardinghouses. They declined in number from 169 in 1863 to 90 in 1872. Then in 1871, Congress passed
327:
Finally, shanghaiing was made possible by the existence of boarding masters, whose job was to find crews for ships. Boarding masters were paid "by the body", and thus had a strong incentive to place as many seamen on ships as possible. This pay was called
413:
to combat crimps. Under this act, a sailor had to sign on to a ship in the presence of a federal shipping commissioner. The presence of a shipping commissioner was intended to ensure the sailor wasn't "forcibly or unknowingly signed on by a crimp".
293:
First, once an
American sailor signed on board a vessel for a voyage, it was illegal for him to leave the ship before the voyage's end. The penalty was imprisonment, the result of federal legislation enacted in 1790 (this factor was mitigated by the
1948:
335:
The most straightforward method for a crimp to shanghai a sailor was to render him unconscious, forge his signature on the ship's articles, and pick up his "blood money". This approach was widely used, but there were more profitable methods.
289:
The role of crimps and the spread of the practice of shanghaiing resulted from a combination of laws, economic conditions, and the shortage of experienced sailors in
England and on the American West Coast in the mid-19th century.
286:. On the West Coast of the United States, Portland eventually surpassed San Francisco for shanghaiing. On the East Coast of the United States, New York had the most incidents, followed by Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore.
3123:
2962:
1943:
332:", and was just one of the revenue streams available. These factors set the stage for the crimp: a boarding master who uses trickery, intimidation, or violence to put a sailor on a ship.
360:
Another example of romanticized stories involves the "birthday party" Shanghai Kelly threw for himself, in order to attract enough victims to man a notorious sailing ship named the
2069:
234:
was a common destination of the ships with abducted crews. The term has since expanded to mean "kidnapped" or "induced to do something by means of fraud or coercion".
309:
Second, the practice was driven by a shortage of labor, particularly of skilled labor on ships on the West Coast. With crews abandoning ships en masse because of the
2630:
5824:
4724:
3131:
4714:
1933:
1464:
2171:(which made the high seas a much more dangerous place due to the threat of submarine attack), provided the final impetus to stamp out the practice. In 1915,
402:
kept crimping a real danger into the early 20th century, but the practice was finally ended by a series of legislative reforms that spanned almost 50 years.
3089:
1818:
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4850:
1938:
1788:
1269:
3079:
2416:
5681:
2978:
2015:
767:
2528:
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3300:
2758:
1217:
5691:
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1988:
1808:
981:
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1507:
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1983:
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by coercive techniques such as trickery, intimidation, or violence. Those engaged in this form of kidnapping were known as
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2295:
2079:
1923:
1793:
1454:
1222:
1202:
762:
730:
230:
The verb "shanghai" joined the lexicon with "crimping" and "sailor thieves" in the 1850s, possibly because
4879:
449:
5048:
4694:
4287:
2139:
2089:
1813:
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459:
39:
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1998:
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1993:
1524:
1512:
1102:
1075:
580:
329:
279:
4037:
3090:
Coerced Labor and
Implied Congressional Powers: The Example of Deserting Sailors and Fugitive Slaves
5717:
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5073:
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4918:
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3642:
1874:
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173:
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69:
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1606:
1347:
1259:
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831:
797:
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418:
354:
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The shipping articles, or contract between the crew and the ship, from a 1786 voyage to Boston.
59:
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1968:
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1403:
1391:
1137:
1122:
907:
682:
604:
575:
380:
350:
139:
2985:
2724:
2583:
2252:, known as "the Ghoul of Grays Harbor", of Aberdeen, Washington (also a known serial killer)
5475:
5134:
4926:
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4749:
4669:
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4052:
3882:
3877:
3715:
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2010:
1973:
1901:
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1714:
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1485:
1415:
1090:
870:
772:
656:
563:
310:
129:
98:
79:
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3308:
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8:
5814:
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3483:
1594:
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1313:
1284:
1274:
1164:
1112:
1080:
877:
735:
703:
698:
651:
508:
357:
of
Portland. Stories of their ruthlessness are innumerable, and some made it into print.
295:
166:
134:
23:
3872:
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3760:
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1132:
902:
755:
713:
708:
661:
629:
619:
556:
64:
4317:
777:
723:
372:
242:
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5256:
5211:
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1097:
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634:
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299:
275:
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2431:
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Some crimps made as much as $ 9,500 per year (equivalent to $ 320,000 in 2023).
5809:
5747:
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5468:
5454:
5341:
5321:
5216:
5059:
5019:
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4603:
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4212:
4172:
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4022:
4007:
3592:
3500:
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3255:
2339:
2335:
2273:
2118:
1696:
1691:
1681:
1656:
1621:
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1559:
1432:
1420:
1398:
1376:
1323:
1159:
1127:
429:
387:
263:
113:
88:
84:
2342:): Tunnels allegedly used to shanghai laborers for ships in the early 20th century
5783:
5737:
5701:
5676:
5499:
5419:
5412:
5331:
5326:
5296:
5281:
5246:
5093:
5089:
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5077:
4582:
4422:
4377:
4372:
4352:
4227:
4202:
4177:
3857:
3852:
3805:
3775:
3602:
3520:
3478:
3463:
3182:
3043:
A Maritime
History of the United States: The Role of America's Seas and Waterways
2180:
2172:
2027:
1918:
1913:
1666:
1636:
1631:
1354:
1318:
1117:
1035:
740:
486:
399:
376:
303:
267:
74:
54:
4117:
2455:
2237:
William T. Higgins, Republican Party boss of San
Francisco in the 1870s and '80s
5316:
4905:
4530:
4412:
4337:
4312:
4272:
3987:
3947:
3902:
3847:
3842:
3525:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3305:
Reclaiming San
Francisco: History Politics and Culture, a City Lights Anthology
2763:
Reclaiming San
Francisco: History Politics and Culture, a City Lights Anthology
2362:
2354:
2310:
2111:
2005:
897:
538:
496:
346:
The crimps were well positioned politically to protect their lucrative trade.
5311:
3340:
2787:
5798:
5772:
5556:
5276:
5271:
5231:
4540:
4495:
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4447:
4332:
4282:
4262:
4182:
4027:
3982:
3937:
3832:
3755:
3720:
3572:
3068:
2049:
1978:
1425:
1408:
1183:
1013:
1003:
787:
437:
321:
283:
259:
3229:
2866:
2700:
2507:
406:
legislation to revoke the license of officers guilty of mistreating seamen.
5636:
5561:
5351:
5301:
5241:
5236:
5226:
4832:
4759:
4638:
4589:
4575:
4490:
4452:
4427:
4382:
4367:
4347:
4267:
4167:
4157:
4107:
4102:
4092:
4072:
4062:
3977:
3837:
3745:
3637:
3552:
3505:
2616:
2382:
2371:
2300:
2267:
2054:
1891:
1867:
1773:
1766:
1497:
1025:
998:
961:
939:
826:
543:
523:
501:
491:
481:
476:
466:
4297:
3326:(McFarland & Company, 2014), comprehensive scholarly history. 260 pp.
3271:"Crisis at Sea: Flags-of-convenience: A Maritime Trades Department Report"
2813:
2358:– "Barbary Red" episode of Season 1 of the drama series covers this topic.
1306:
5551:
5526:
5514:
5376:
4362:
4292:
4087:
4067:
4017:
3932:
3922:
3699:
3111:, edited by Biran Booth. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 1992.
2367:
2315:
2168:
1896:
1884:
1237:
1030:
988:
802:
215:
210:
93:
3083:. Vol. 07 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 465.
2979:"Notorious: A Self-Guided Tour of Portland's Historic Lone Fir Cemetery"
5648:
5582:
5346:
5206:
5126:
5069:
4789:
4470:
4432:
4397:
4192:
4012:
3992:
3962:
3957:
3917:
3862:
3800:
3780:
3765:
3577:
3535:
2931:
Between Race and Ethnicity: Cape Verdean American Immigrants, 1860–1965
2249:
2044:
1341:
1045:
912:
219:
31:
5531:
4610:
4222:
4127:
3997:
3967:
3540:
3495:
1289:
954:
816:
384:
255:
2560:"Boy named Henry Short shanghaied from Seattle on December 22, 1901"
971:
5509:
5356:
5336:
5201:
4187:
4137:
4042:
3927:
3510:
1879:
1437:
1381:
1333:
993:
838:
693:
599:
231:
3368:
An account of crimping for the East India Company in London – 1767
3324:
Shanghaiing Sailors: A Maritime History of Forced Labor, 1849/1915
2183:
that made crimping a federal crime, and finally put an end to it.
4645:
4252:
3587:
3567:
3092:(Report). Roger Williams University School of Law. Archived from
2305:
1862:
944:
624:
441:
271:
2794:. Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. February 19, 1881
383:(center) were the architects of the Seamen's Act of 1915. With
5643:
5541:
4520:
4402:
3887:
3582:
3557:
3404:
2814:"Purchasing Power Today of a US Dollar Transaction in the Past"
1564:
1386:
966:
949:
811:
646:
614:
395:
251:
201:
103:
4661:
2281:
5371:
4387:
4327:
3770:
3597:
821:
807:
782:
3072:
2409:
3972:
688:
518:
353:
and Johnny "Shanghai Chicken" Devine of San Francisco, and
3046:. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina.
3373:
2461:
2234:, the Democratic Party boss of San Francisco in the 1880s
3107:
Stewart Holbrook, "Bunco Kelly, King of the Crimps" in
2584:"Levy, Maxwell (d. 1931), Port Townsend's Crimper King"
2666:
Poor Jack: The Perilous History of the Merchant Seaman
2964:
A Tall Water Story of Adventure Aboard a Whaling Ship
3087:
2263:
1819:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
3012:Critical Companion to Eugene O'Neill, 2-Volume Set
2243:Tom Codd the Shanghai Prince of New Bedford, Mass.
3362:"Shanghaied! The 1895 Voyage of the A. R. Tucker"
3356:The Barbary Coast: San Francisco's Bawdy Paradise
2635:Barnard's Electronic Archive and Teaching Library
2201:Johnny "Shanghai Chicken" Devine of San Francisco
200:is the practice of kidnapping people to serve as
5796:
1934:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
5825:History of labor relations in the United States
313:, a healthy body on board the ship was a boon.
2984:. Friends of Lone Fir Cemetery. Archived from
2631:"American Merchant Marine Timeline, 1789–2005"
3389:
2756:
2140:
394:Demand for manpower to keep ships sailing to
174:
5434:Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island
2860:
2504:"The Portland Underground: Shanghai Tunnels"
2501:
2454:For a modern definition of "shanghaied" see
1939:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
3196:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2219:Andy "Shanghai Canuck" Maloney of Vancouver
16:Form of kidnapping people to become sailors
3396:
3382:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2192:Maxwell Levy, Port Townsend's Crimper King
2147:
2133:
181:
167:
5065:Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
2848:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2424:
5692:List of ships attacked by Somali pirates
3067:
2960:
2907:
2889:
2880:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2652:
2611:. New York: Coward-McCann. p. 234.
2404:
2402:
1944:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
1809:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
1789:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
371:
241:
3008:
2495:
2490:The San Francisco Shanghaiers Database.
5797:
3145:
3121:
2927:
2827:
2606:
2552:
2534:Astoria Riverfront Trolley Association
2521:
367:
250:Crimps flourished in port cities like
5820:Maritime history of the United States
4851:Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham
3377:
3298:
3146:Keller, David Neal (September 1995).
3124:"Travel: Portland—City of Kidnappers"
3109:Wildmen, Wobblies & Whistle Punks
3039:
2745:
2623:
2420:. Vol. 07 (11th ed.). 1911.
2399:
2331:Maritime history of the United States
1831:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
1508:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
5593:International Talk Like a Pirate Day
3203:. San Francisco: UFlyblister Press.
3122:Hoover, Elizabeth D. (May 5, 2006).
3060:Samuel Dickson. "Shanghai Kelly" in
2682:
2663:
2529:"Astoria's history along the tracks"
2469:"San Francisco Shangaiers 1886-1890"
2366:– A 1934 comedy short film starring
2240:"Shanghai Joe" of New Bedford, Mass.
2023:Slave marriages in the United States
1627:Human trafficking in the Middle East
3219:"The Lookout of the Labor Movement"
3064:. Stanford: University Press. 1957.
2690:"The Lookout of the Labor Movement"
1362:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
13:
4660:
3301:"About That Blood in the Scuppers"
2759:"About That Blood in the Scuppers"
2576:
2016:last survivors of American slavery
411:Shipping Commissioners Act of 1872
218:practices in the United Kingdom's
14:
5851:
5483:Silver: Return to Treasure Island
3341:"Sailor 'Boarding Masters,' etc."
3334:
3175:"Timeline Alongside World Events"
2186:
977:Field slaves in the United States
844:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
316:By 1886, San Francisco surpassed
5779:
5778:
5766:
5619:A General History of the Pyrates
5441:Castaways of the Flying Dutchman
4962:Operation Enduring Freedom – HOA
3364:– a New Bedford, Mass., account.
2934:. University of Illinois Press.
2280:
2266:
2216:Dorothy Paupitz of San Francisco
854:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
849:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
678:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
448:
38:
3002:
2971:
2954:
2921:
2806:
2780:
2717:
2350:, a long-running musical comedy
1804:Committee of Experts on Slavery
1355:East, Southeast, and South Asia
302:, and finally abolished by the
4977:Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden
4972:Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden
4725:Anti-piracy in the West Indies
2788:"Sailor Boarding Masters, ETC"
2600:
2448:
2326:Maritime history of California
1503:Slave raiding in Easter Island
1:
5835:Pirate customs and traditions
4833:Blockade of Charleston (Vane)
3307:. City Lights. Archived from
3278:Sailors' Union of the Pacific
3252:Sailors' Union of the Pacific
3226:Sailors' Union of the Pacific
3088:Gutoff, Johnathan M. (2005).
3033:
2863:"Shanghaied in San Francisco"
2765:. City Lights. Archived from
409:In 1872, Congress passed the
237:
5406:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea
4656:Pirate battles and incidents
2697:Sailors Union of the Pacific
2296:Barbary Coast, San Francisco
1794:Temporary Slavery Commission
1455:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
225:
7:
4805:Battle of the Tiger's Mouth
4288:Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami
3200:Shanghaied in San Francisco
3009:Dowling, Robert M. (2009).
2961:Williams, James H. (1921).
2668:. London: Greenhill Books.
2259:
2255:Tommy Moore of Buenos Aires
2222:Anna Gomes of San Francisco
2167:, followed by the onset of
1814:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
859:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
10:
5856:
5682:Pirate films and TV series
5122:African Slave Trade Patrol
4690:Action of 11 November 2008
3479:Barbary pirates (corsairs)
3403:
3358:has a section on crimping.
3197:Pickelhaupt, Bill (1996).
3152:American Heritage Magazine
2607:Dillon, Richard H (1961).
2473:Collections & Research
2232:Chris "Blind Boss" Buckley
1999:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1836:Anti-Slavery International
1601:North Africa and West Asia
318:New Bedford, Massachusetts
5760:
5710:
5669:
5662:
5610:
5575:
5492:
5390:
5192:
5179:
5171:Trans-Saharan slave trade
5107:
5038:
4770:Battle off Minicoy Island
4745:Battle of Cape Fear River
4715:Anti-piracy in the Aegean
4685:Action of 28 October 2007
4680:Action of 9 November 1822
4655:
4553:
4461:
3825:
3818:
3744:
3708:
3665:
3618:
3611:
3456:
3411:
3344:San Francisco News Letter
2792:San Francisco News Letter
2381:– A 1937 comedy starring
2095:Emancipation Proclamation
1767:Opposition and resistance
1525:Sex trafficking in Europe
1513:Blackbirding in Polynesia
1076:Trans-Saharan slave trade
5166:Indian Ocean slave trade
5055:International piracy law
4992:Pirate attacks in Borneo
4864:Capture of the schooner
4856:Capture of the schooner
4790:Battle of Ocracoke Inlet
4516:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
2928:Halter, Marilyn (1993).
2392:
1875:Compensated emancipation
1086:Indian Ocean slave trade
324:' leading whaling port.
5625:Captain Charles Johnson
5049:1717–1718 Acts of Grace
4760:Battle of Mandab Strait
4740:Battle of Boca Teacapan
4735:Balanguingui Expedition
4700:Action of 23 March 2010
3299:Smith, Georgia (1988).
3080:Encyclopædia Britannica
3040:Bauer, K. Jack (1988).
3015:. Infobase Publishing.
2417:Encyclopædia Britannica
2288:Organized labour portal
1799:1926 Slavery Convention
1555:Germany in World War II
1172:North and South America
694:Contract of manumission
349:Some examples included
214:refers specifically to
70:Extraordinary rendition
4982:Operation Ocean Shield
4810:Battle of Tonkin River
4755:Battle of Doro Passage
4710:Action of 5 April 2010
4705:Action of 1 April 2010
4695:Action of 9 April 2009
4675:1985 Lahad Datu ambush
4665:
4501:Jose Campuzano-Polanco
4486:Duarte Pacheco Pereira
3633:British Virgin Islands
3352:at StupidQuestion.net.
3062:Tales of San Francisco
2757:Georgia Smith (1988).
2246:James Turk of Portland
2196:James "Shanghai" Kelly
1280:British Virgin Islands
832:Circassian slave trade
798:Safavid imperial harem
793:Ottoman Imperial Harem
391:
247:
60:Enforced disappearance
5598:Pirates versus Ninjas
5025:Slave raid of Suðuroy
4987:Persian Gulf Campaign
4872:Capture of the sloop
4800:Battle of the Leotung
4785:Battle of New Orleans
4664:
4526:Richard Avery Hornsby
4278:Piet Pieterszoon Hein
4238:Moses Cohen Henriques
4208:Manuel Ribeiro Pardal
3953:Christina Anna Skytte
3491:Brethren of the Coast
3474:Baltic Slavic pirates
3421:Ancient Mediterranean
3248:"Archives: Balclutha"
2664:Hope, Ronald (2001).
2477:Mystic Seaport Museum
2347:Shanghaied in Astoria
2321:Involuntary servitude
2177:Robert M. La Follette
1519:Europe and North Asia
1479:Australia and Oceania
1179:Pre-Columbian America
751:Slave raid of Suðuroy
683:Slavery in al-Andalus
605:Black Sea slave trade
534:21st-century jihadism
375:
364:and two other ships.
245:
5520:skull and crossbones
5476:Mistress of the Seas
5158:Capture of the brig
5135:Atlantic slave trade
4896:Falklands Expedition
4750:Battle of Cape Lopez
4670:1582 Cagayan battles
4597:Queen Anne's Revenge
4148:José Joaquim Almeida
4133:John Newland Maffitt
4053:Hayreddin Barbarossa
3893:Bartolomeu Português
3883:Artemisia I of Caria
3878:Alexandre Exquemelin
3716:Baltic Slavic piracy
3469:Anglo-Turkish piracy
3179:Mission to Seafarers
3128:AmericanHeritage.com
2205:Joseph "Bunko" Kelly
2181:Seamen's Act of 1915
1974:Indentured servitude
1902:Underground Railroad
1702:United Arab Emirates
1091:Zanzibar slave trade
1058:By country or region
871:Atlantic slave trade
773:Ma malakat aymanukum
657:Venetian slave trade
355:Joseph "Bunko" Kelly
351:Jim "Shanghai" Kelly
311:California Gold Rush
304:Seamen's Act of 1915
99:Political kidnapping
5537:No purchase, no pay
5505:Davy Jones's locker
5448:The Angel's Command
5292:Guybrush Threepwood
5140:Barbary slave trade
5117:African slave trade
4914:Jiajing wokou raids
4815:Battle of Ty-ho Bay
4038:François l'Olonnais
3898:Bartholomew Roberts
3786:Republic of Pirates
3158:(5). Archived from
2179:pushed through the
2162:sinking of the RMS
2060:Slave Route Project
1191:Americas indigenous
1081:Red Sea slave trade
1071:Contemporary Africa
934:Topics and practice
704:Crimean slave trade
699:Bukhara slave trade
652:Genoese slave trade
529:Contemporary Africa
509:Forced prostitution
381:Senator La Follette
368:Ending the practice
296:Maguire Act of 1895
208:. The related term
5697:Timeline of piracy
5654:Piracy kidnappings
5307:Jacquotte Delahaye
5262:Charlotte de Berry
5252:Captain Sabertooth
5145:Blockade of Africa
5100:Piracy Law of 1820
5030:Turkish Abductions
4967:Operation Atalanta
4901:Great Lakes Patrol
4780:Battle of Nam Quan
4730:Attack on Veracruz
4666:
4248:Nicholas van Hoorn
4233:Michel de Grammont
4098:Jacquotte Delahaye
4083:Hippolyte Bouchard
4003:Elise Eskilsdotter
3943:Charlotte de Berry
3908:Benjamin Hornigold
3346:February 19, 1881.
2861:Bill Pickelhaupt.
2725:"whaling-timeline"
2502:Michael P. Jones.
2479:. 31 December 2016
1841:Blockade of Africa
1148:Somali slave trade
1064:Sub-Saharan Africa
756:Turkish Abductions
714:Khivan slave trade
709:Khazar slave trade
662:Balkan slave trade
620:Prague slave trade
392:
258:in England and in
248:
65:Express kidnapping
5792:
5791:
5773:Piracy portal
5756:
5755:
5733:Fictional pirates
5632:Truce of Ratisbon
5606:
5605:
5567:Walking the plank
5427:On Stranger Tides
5367:Tony Tony Chopper
5257:Captain Stingaree
5194:Fictional pirates
5010:Sack of Baltimore
5005:Raid on Cartagena
4947:Moscow University
4826:Beluga Nomination
4795:Battle of Pianosa
4720:Antelope incident
4611:Marquis of Havana
4549:
4548:
4258:Olivier Levasseur
4198:Louis-Michel Aury
4163:Klaus Störtebeker
4113:Jeanne de Clisson
4033:François Le Clerc
3868:Anne Dieu-le-Veut
3814:
3813:
3731:South China Coast
3695:Strait of Malacca
3022:978-1-4381-0872-8
2941:978-0-252-06326-8
2387:Charles Winninger
2213:"Horseshoe" Brown
2210:"One-Eyed" Curtin
2157:
2156:
2107:Freedmen's Bureau
1929:Third Servile War
1924:International law
1491:Human trafficking
1253:Human trafficking
928:Thirteen colonies
746:Sack of Baltimore
514:Human trafficking
300:White Act of 1898
191:
190:
5847:
5782:
5781:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5667:
5666:
5469:Pirate Latitudes
5462:Long John Silver
5455:Voyage of Slaves
5322:Long John Silver
5217:Captain Birdseye
5190:
5189:
5060:Letter of marque
5020:Salvador Pirates
5015:Sack of Campeche
4838:Chepo Expedition
4820:Battle of Tysami
4775:Battle off Mukah
4765:Battle of Manila
4604:Quedagh Merchant
4562:Adventure Galley
4408:Victual Brothers
4393:Thomas Cavendish
4358:Sayyida al Hurra
4343:Samuel Hall Lord
4323:Roche Braziliano
4308:Robert Culliford
4243:Nathaniel Gordon
4213:Martin Frobisher
4173:Laurens de Graaf
4143:Jørgen Jørgensen
4078:Henry Strangways
4058:Hendrick Lucifer
4008:Eustace the Monk
3873:António de Faria
3823:
3822:
3791:Republic of Salé
3761:Île Sainte-Marie
3616:
3615:
3593:Victual Brothers
3501:Cilician pirates
3398:
3391:
3384:
3375:
3374:
3322:Strecker, Mark.
3319:
3317:
3316:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3286:
3280:. Archived from
3275:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3254:. Archived from
3243:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3228:. Archived from
3223:
3214:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3181:. Archived from
3170:
3168:
3167:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3130:. Archived from
3104:
3102:
3101:
3084:
3076:
3057:
3027:
3026:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2990:
2983:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2925:
2919:
2918:Bauer, 1988:285.
2916:
2905:
2904:Bauer, 1988:284.
2902:
2887:
2886:Bauer, 1988:283.
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2865:. Archived from
2858:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:. MeasuringWorth
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2754:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2729:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2705:
2699:. Archived from
2694:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2661:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2637:. Archived from
2627:
2621:
2620:
2609:Shanghaiing Days
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2537:. Archived from
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2506:. Archived from
2499:
2493:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2465:
2459:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2413:
2406:
2340:Portland, Oregon
2336:Shanghai tunnels
2290:
2285:
2284:
2276:
2274:Transport portal
2271:
2270:
2198:of San Francisco
2149:
2142:
2135:
2119:Emancipation Day
1952:
1919:Slave Trade Acts
610:Byzantine Empire
452:
425:
424:
388:Lincoln Steffens
183:
176:
169:
114:Tiger kidnapping
89:Bride kidnapping
42:
19:
18:
5855:
5854:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5788:
5767:
5765:
5752:
5718:Barbary pirates
5706:
5702:Women in piracy
5658:
5602:
5571:
5500:Buried treasure
5488:
5420:Facing the Flag
5413:Treasure Island
5386:
5332:Vaas Montenegro
5327:Monkey D. Luffy
5297:Hector Barbossa
5282:Elizabeth Swann
5247:Captain Pugwash
5184:
5182:
5175:
5152:Veloz Passagera
5150:Capture of the
5103:
5034:
4843:Capture of the
4651:
4583:Flying Dutchman
4545:
4511:Miguel Enríquez
4463:
4457:
4423:William Dampier
4378:Simon Mascarino
4373:Shirahama Kenki
4353:Samuel Pallache
4318:Roberto Cofresí
4228:Mary Wolverston
4203:Mansel Alcantra
4178:Lawrence Prince
3858:Albert W. Hicks
3810:
3748:
3740:
3704:
3661:
3607:
3603:Women in piracy
3568:Sindhi corsairs
3521:French corsairs
3511:Cossack pirates
3464:Albanian piracy
3457:Types of pirate
3452:
3407:
3402:
3337:
3314:
3312:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3273:
3269:
3261:
3259:
3246:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3188:
3186:
3173:
3165:
3163:
3137:
3135:
3099:
3097:
3054:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3023:
3007:
3003:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2959:
2955:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2908:
2903:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2872:
2870:
2859:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2797:
2795:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2772:
2770:
2755:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2662:
2653:
2644:
2642:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2605:
2601:
2592:
2590:
2588:historylink.org
2582:
2581:
2577:
2568:
2566:
2564:historylink.org
2558:
2557:
2553:
2544:
2542:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2513:
2511:
2500:
2496:
2482:
2480:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2456:wikt:shanghaied
2453:
2449:
2440:
2438:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2395:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2262:
2225:Thomas Chandler
2189:
2173:Andrew Furuseth
2160:crimping). The
2153:
2124:
2123:
2028:Slave narrative
1984:Fugitive slaves
1964:
1956:
1955:
1946:
1914:Slave rebellion
1769:
1759:
1758:
1717:
1707:
1706:
1529:United Kingdom
1465:Yankee princess
1059:
1051:
1050:
778:Avret Pazarları
724:Avret Pazarları
593:Medieval Europe
559:
549:
548:
487:Forced marriage
462:
377:Andrew Furuseth
370:
240:
228:
187:
75:Fake kidnapping
55:Child abduction
17:
12:
11:
5:
5853:
5843:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5776:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5750:
5745:
5743:Piracy by year
5740:
5735:
5730:
5728:Female pirates
5725:
5723:By nationality
5720:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5673:
5671:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5628:
5627:
5614:
5612:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5579:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5465:
5458:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5416:
5409:
5402:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5317:Joshamee Gibbs
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5187:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5155:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5124:
5119:
5113:
5111:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4951:
4942:
4933:
4924:
4920:Maersk Alabama
4916:
4911:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4861:
4853:
4848:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4531:Robert Maynard
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4467:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4413:Vincenzo Gambi
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4338:Samuel Bellamy
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4313:Robert Surcouf
4310:
4305:
4303:Richard Glover
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4273:Pierre Lafitte
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4048:Grace O'Malley
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3988:Edward England
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3948:Cheung Po Tsai
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3903:Benito de Soto
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3848:Abraham Samuel
3845:
3843:Adam Baldridge
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3796:Saint Augustin
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3750:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3673:Horn of Africa
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3657:Gulf of Guinea
3654:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3643:Lake Nicaragua
3635:
3624:
3622:
3620:Atlantic World
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:Jewish pirates
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3454:
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3393:
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3336:
3335:External links
3333:
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3267:
3244:
3215:
3209:
3194:
3171:
3143:
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3071:, ed. (1911).
3069:Chisholm, Hugh
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2732:npshistory.com
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2436:dictionary.com
2423:
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2363:The Live Ghost
2359:
2355:The Big Valley
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2311:Froberg mutiny
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2187:Notable crimps
2185:
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2020:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2006:List of slaves
2003:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1936:
1931:
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1550:Dutch Republic
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1052:
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1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1009:Child soldiers
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
985:
984:
974:
969:
964:
959:
958:
957:
952:
947:
936:
935:
931:
930:
925:
920:
918:Spanish Empire
915:
910:
905:
900:
898:Middle Passage
895:
890:
885:
880:
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873:
867:
866:
861:
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841:
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780:
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770:
760:
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753:
748:
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728:
727:
726:
719:Ottoman Empire
716:
711:
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680:
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588:
583:
578:
573:
567:
566:
560:
555:
554:
551:
550:
547:
546:
541:
539:Sexual slavery
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
505:
504:
499:
497:Child marriage
494:
484:
479:
474:
472:Child soldiers
469:
463:
458:
457:
454:
453:
445:
444:
434:
433:
369:
366:
239:
236:
227:
224:
189:
188:
186:
185:
178:
171:
163:
160:
159:
158:
157:
152:
150:United Kingdom
147:
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137:
132:
124:
123:
119:
118:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
49:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5852:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5830:Unfree labour
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5805:Merchant navy
5803:
5802:
5800:
5785:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5763:
5762:
5759:
5749:
5746:
5744:
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5736:
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5726:
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5715:
5713:
5709:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
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5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
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5635:
5633:
5630:
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5620:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5611:Miscellaneous
5609:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5576:Miscellaneous
5574:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5557:Pirate utopia
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
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5408:
5407:
5403:
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5400:
5396:
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5393:
5389:
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5380:
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5375:
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5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5277:Elaine Marley
5275:
5273:
5272:Edward Kenway
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:Captain Flint
5230:
5228:
5227:Captain Crook
5225:
5223:
5222:Captain Blood
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5199:
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5178:
5172:
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5079:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5046:
5045:Acts of grace
5043:
5041:
5037:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4938:Orkim Harmony
4934:
4932:
4930:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4881:Carré d'As IV
4878:
4876:
4875:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4845:Ambrose Light
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4827:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4627:
4626:
4625:Royal Fortune
4622:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4569:Ambrose Light
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4552:
4542:
4541:Woodes Rogers
4539:
4537:
4536:Thomas Warren
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4496:Julius Caesar
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4476:Chaloner Ogle
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4448:Zheng Zhilong
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4333:Sadie Farrell
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:Princess Sela
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4263:Pedro Gilbert
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Liang Daoming
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4028:Francis Drake
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3983:Dominique You
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:Charles Gibbs
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:Abduwali Muse
3831:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3819:Major figures
3817:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3756:Barataria Bay
3754:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3746:Pirate havens
3743:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Barbary Coast
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3573:Timber pirate
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3455:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3399:
3394:
3392:
3387:
3385:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3329:
3328:online review
3325:
3321:
3311:on 2006-10-11
3310:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3287:on 2003-04-05
3283:
3279:
3272:
3268:
3258:on 2001-04-11
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3235:on 2003-05-12
3231:
3227:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3210:0-9647312-2-3
3206:
3202:
3201:
3195:
3185:on 2007-09-16
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3162:on 2007-09-29
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3148:"Shanghaied!"
3144:
3134:on 2006-05-07
3133:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3118:
3117:0-87071-383-3
3114:
3110:
3106:
3096:on 2007-09-27
3095:
3091:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3075:
3074:"Crimp"
3070:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3053:0-87249-519-1
3049:
3045:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3024:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3005:
2991:on 2015-09-27
2987:
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2924:
2915:
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2911:
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2899:
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2895:
2893:
2883:
2869:on 2006-12-11
2868:
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2839:
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2815:
2809:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2769:on 2006-10-11
2768:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2733:
2726:
2720:
2706:on 2003-05-12
2702:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2677:
2675:1-86176-161-9
2671:
2667:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2641:on 2007-06-09
2640:
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2632:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2541:on 2007-05-14
2540:
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2535:
2530:
2524:
2510:on 2007-03-23
2509:
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2478:
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2419:
2418:
2412:
2411:"Crimp"
2405:
2403:
2398:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2378:The Go Getter
2375:
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2053:
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2050:Slave catcher
2048:
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2036:
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2026:
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2021:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1979:Forced labour
1977:
1975:
1972:
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1967:
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1959:
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1937:
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1832:
1829:
1825:
1824:Abolitionists
1822:
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1439:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1426:comfort women
1424:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1409:Chukri System
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1397:
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1317:
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1308:
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1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:Latin America
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:interregional
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:prison labour
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1203:United States
1201:
1197:
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1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:White slavery
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:Slave raiding
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
983:
980:
979:
978:
975:
973:
972:Corvée labour
970:
968:
965:
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960:
956:
953:
951:
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823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
788:Abbasid harem
786:
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771:
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757:
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749:
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734:
733:
732:
731:Barbary Coast
729:
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455:
451:
447:
446:
443:
439:
438:Forced labour
436:
435:
431:
427:
426:
423:
420:
417:In 1884, the
415:
412:
407:
403:
401:
397:
390:, circa 1915.
389:
386:
382:
378:
374:
365:
363:
358:
356:
352:
347:
344:
341:
337:
333:
331:
325:
323:
322:United States
319:
314:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
291:
287:
285:
284:United States
281:
280:Port Townsend
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:San Francisco
257:
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244:
235:
233:
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221:
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212:
207:
203:
199:
195:
184:
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177:
172:
170:
165:
164:
162:
161:
156:
155:United States
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
126:
125:
121:
120:
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107:
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102:
100:
97:
95:
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90:
86:
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81:
78:
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73:
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68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
52:
51:
50:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
5764:
5637:Pirate Round
5617:
5588:Space pirate
5562:Treasure map
5481:
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5425:
5418:
5411:
5404:
5397:
5352:Roronoa Zoro
5302:Jack Sparrow
5242:Captain Nemo
5237:Captain Hook
5159:
5151:
5127:
4997:
4954:
4946:
4937:
4928:
4919:
4906:
4889:Dai Hong Dan
4888:
4880:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4844:
4825:
4644:
4639:Whydah Gally
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4590:Ganj-i-Sawai
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4554:Pirate ships
4506:Luis Fajardo
4491:James Brooke
4481:David Porter
4453:Zheng Yi Sao
4428:William Kidd
4383:Stede Bonnet
4368:Shap-ng-tsai
4348:Samuel Mason
4268:Peter Easton
4218:Mary Lindsey
4168:Lai Choi San
4158:Joseph Barss
4153:Joseph Baker
4123:John Hawkins
4118:Johanna Hård
4108:Jean Lafitte
4103:Jan Janszoon
4093:Israel Hands
4073:Henry Morgan
4063:Henri Caesar
3978:Dirk Chivers
3913:Black Caesar
3838:Abshir Boyah
3709:Other waters
3690:Persian Gulf
3678:Somali Coast
3666:Indian Ocean
3638:Spanish Main
3553:River pirate
3531:Moro pirates
3506:Child pirate
3431:21st century
3343:
3323:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:the original
3304:
3289:. Retrieved
3282:the original
3260:. Retrieved
3256:the original
3237:. Retrieved
3230:the original
3199:
3187:. Retrieved
3183:the original
3178:
3164:. Retrieved
3160:the original
3155:
3151:
3136:. Retrieved
3132:the original
3127:
3108:
3098:. Retrieved
3094:the original
3078:
3061:
3042:
3011:
3004:
2993:. Retrieved
2986:the original
2973:
2963:
2956:
2945:. Retrieved
2930:
2923:
2882:
2871:. Retrieved
2867:the original
2818:. Retrieved
2808:
2796:. Retrieved
2791:
2782:
2771:. Retrieved
2767:the original
2762:
2735:. Retrieved
2731:
2719:
2708:. Retrieved
2701:the original
2696:
2684:
2665:
2643:. Retrieved
2639:the original
2634:
2625:
2608:
2602:
2591:. Retrieved
2587:
2578:
2567:. Retrieved
2563:
2554:
2543:. Retrieved
2539:the original
2532:
2523:
2512:. Retrieved
2508:the original
2497:
2488:
2481:. Retrieved
2472:
2463:
2450:
2439:. Retrieved
2435:
2426:
2415:
2383:George Brent
2376:
2372:Oliver Hardy
2361:
2353:
2345:
2301:Blackbirding
2228:James Laflin
2175:and Senator
2163:
2158:
2055:Slave patrol
1892:Freedom suit
1868:Sierra Leone
1858:Colonization
1774:Abolitionism
1754:Baháʼí Faith
1727:Christianity
1677:Saudi Arabia
1533:Penal Labour
1498:Blackbirding
1404:Debt bondage
1392:penal system
1218:Contemporary
1208:Field slaves
1196:U.S. Natives
1155:South Africa
1040:
1026:Galley slave
999:Slave market
989:House slaves
962:Blackbirding
940:Conscription
864:21st century
827:Umm al-walad
671:Muslim world
640:Emancipation
544:Wage slavery
524:Penal labour
502:Wife selling
492:Bride buying
477:Conscription
467:Child Labour
460:Contemporary
422:allotments.
416:
408:
404:
393:
361:
359:
348:
345:
342:
338:
334:
326:
315:
308:
292:
288:
249:
229:
209:
205:
197:
193:
192:
145:South Africa
108:
5552:Pirate code
5527:Keelhauling
5515:Jolly Roger
5377:Will Turner
5312:José Gaspar
5212:Barbe Rouge
5109:Slave trade
4363:Sister Ping
4293:Rachel Wall
4088:Huang Bamei
4068:Henry Every
4023:Fūma Kotarō
4018:Flying Gang
3933:Calico Jack
3923:Bully Hayes
3726:Falcon Lake
3700:Nosy Boraha
3558:Sea Beggars
3546:Confederate
3516:Filibusters
3350:Shanghaiing
2368:Stan Laurel
2316:Impressment
2207:of Portland
2169:World War I
2070:court cases
1947: [
1897:Slave Power
1885:Manumission
1732:Catholicism
1607:Afghanistan
1348:Puerto Rico
1260:The Bahamas
1238:Slave codes
1041:Shanghaiing
1031:Impressment
923:Slave Coast
803:Qajar harem
763:Concubinage
736:slave trade
419:Dingley Act
379:(left) and
330:blood money
216:impressment
194:Shanghaiing
109:Shanghaiing
94:Impressment
5815:Kidnapping
5799:Categories
5711:Categories
5687:Privateers
5649:Matelotage
5583:Air pirate
5547:Pet parrot
5399:The Pirate
5347:Nico Robin
5267:Davy Jones
5207:Tom Ayrton
5181:Pirates in
5070:Piracy Act
5039:Piracy law
4955:North Star
4618:My Revenge
4471:Angelo Emo
4433:Zheng Jing
4398:Thomas Tew
4193:Lo Hon-cho
4013:Flora Burn
3993:Edward Low
3963:Dan Seavey
3958:Chui A-poo
3918:Blackbeard
3863:Anne Bonny
3801:Saint-Malo
3781:Port Royal
3766:Libertatia
3578:Ushkuyniks
3541:Privateers
3536:Narentines
3496:Buccaneers
3426:Golden Age
3315:2007-04-03
3291:2007-04-02
3262:2007-04-02
3239:2007-04-02
3189:2007-04-02
3166:2007-04-13
3138:2007-04-14
3100:2007-04-16
3034:References
2995:2014-08-10
2947:2008-05-13
2873:2007-04-02
2820:2008-04-20
2773:2007-04-03
2737:2 February
2710:2007-04-02
2645:2007-03-29
2593:2007-04-05
2569:2007-04-05
2545:2007-04-05
2514:2007-04-05
2483:2 February
2441:2007-04-05
2432:"Shanghai"
2250:Billy Gohl
2085:J.Q. Adams
2075:Washington
2045:Slave name
1994:convention
1969:Common law
1342:Encomienda
1138:Seychelles
1123:Mauritania
1046:Slave ship
913:Panyarring
908:New France
557:Historical
238:Background
220:Royal Navy
211:press gang
122:By country
32:Kidnapping
5532:Marooning
5160:Brillante
4949:hijacking
4940:hijacking
4931:hijacking
4922:hijacking
4223:Mary Read
4128:John Hoar
3998:Eli Boggs
3968:Diabolito
3749:and bases
3685:Indonesia
3650:Venezuela
3628:Caribbean
2798:March 23,
2080:Jefferson
1737:Mormonism
1672:Palestine
1486:Australia
1416:Indonesia
1307:Lei Áurea
1290:Code Noir
1270:Caribbean
1243:Treatment
982:Treatment
955:Devshirme
817:Odalisque
635:In Russia
576:Babylonia
564:Antiquity
385:muckraker
256:Liverpool
226:Etymology
5840:Shanghai
5784:Category
5510:Eyepatch
5382:Zanzibar
5357:Sandokan
5337:Mr. Smee
5202:Askeladd
5130:Incident
5000:incident
4909:incident
4891:incident
4883:incident
4828:incident
4443:Zheng Yi
4438:Zheng Qi
4418:Wang Zhi
4298:Redbeard
4188:Limahong
4138:John Pro
4043:Gan Ning
3928:Cai Qian
3736:Sulu Sea
3563:Sea Dogs
2260:See also
2112:Iron bit
2102:40 acres
2065:breeding
1880:Freedman
1715:Religion
1575:Portugal
1460:Thailand
1450:Maldives
1445:Malaysia
1438:Kwalliso
1382:Booi Aha
1334:Restavek
1314:Colombia
1285:Trinidad
1275:Barbados
1165:Zanzibar
1113:Ethiopia
994:Saqaliba
888:Database
839:Saqaliba
600:Ancillae
430:a series
428:Part of
400:Klondike
398:and the
298:and the
276:Savannah
264:Portland
232:Shanghai
198:crimping
24:a series
22:Part of
5810:Sailing
5748:Pirates
5677:Pirates
5185:culture
5183:popular
5128:Amistad
4929:Zafirah
4632:Saladin
4464:hunters
4253:Ng Akew
3853:Alfhild
3826:Pirates
3806:Tortuga
3588:Vikings
3484:Algiers
3413:Periods
2617:1226774
2306:Clipper
2164:Titanic
2090:Lincoln
1963:Related
1863:Liberia
1749:Judaism
1687:Tunisia
1662:Morocco
1652:Lebanon
1617:Bahrain
1612:Algeria
1580:Romania
1545:Denmark
1538:Slavery
1472:Vietnam
1143:Somalia
1133:Nigeria
1108:Comoros
1036:Pirates
945:Ghilman
878:Bristol
768:history
741:pirates
630:History
519:Peonage
442:slavery
320:as the
282:in the
272:Seattle
268:Astoria
202:sailors
140:Nigeria
80:Gooning
5738:Piracy
5644:Mutiny
5542:Pegleg
5493:Tropes
5391:Novels
5287:Franky
4957:affair
4521:Pompey
4462:Pirate
4403:Veborg
3888:Awilda
3776:Mamora
3583:Uskoks
3405:Piracy
3207:
3115:
3050:
3019:
2938:
2672:
2615:
2011:owners
1647:Kuwait
1642:Jordan
1595:Sweden
1585:Russia
1570:Poland
1565:Norway
1387:Laogai
1372:Brunei
1367:Bhutan
1329:revolt
1302:Brazil
1265:Canada
1228:partus
1213:female
1098:Angola
967:Coolie
950:Mamluk
903:Nantes
883:Brazil
812:Cariye
647:Thrall
615:Kholop
581:Greece
396:Alaska
362:Reefer
278:, and
252:London
206:crimps
130:Canada
104:Ransom
5670:Lists
5372:Usopp
5362:Sanji
4998:Quest
4907:Irene
4866:Fancy
4858:Bravo
4576:Fancy
4388:Teuta
4328:Rusla
3771:Lundy
3612:Areas
3598:Wokou
3285:(PDF)
3274:(PDF)
3233:(PDF)
3222:(PDF)
2989:(PDF)
2982:(PDF)
2728:(PDF)
2704:(PDF)
2693:(PDF)
2393:Notes
2038:songs
2033:films
1951:]
1907:songs
1744:Islam
1722:Bible
1697:Yemen
1692:Qatar
1682:Syria
1657:Libya
1622:Egypt
1590:Spain
1560:Malta
1433:Korea
1421:Japan
1399:India
1377:China
1324:Haiti
1184:Aztec
1160:Sudan
1128:Niger
1020:Naval
893:Dutch
822:Qiyan
808:Jarya
783:Harem
625:Serfs
571:Egypt
135:China
85:Groom
47:Types
5663:Meta
5342:Nami
5094:1850
5090:1837
5086:1721
5082:1717
5078:1698
5074:1536
4874:Anne
4646:York
3973:Dido
3446:2024
3441:2023
3436:2022
3205:ISBN
3113:ISBN
3048:ISBN
3017:ISBN
2936:ISBN
2800:2010
2739:2022
2670:ISBN
2613:OCLC
2485:2022
2385:and
2370:and
1989:laws
1851:U.S.
1846:U.K.
1784:U.S.
1779:U.K.
1667:Oman
1637:Iraq
1632:Iran
1319:Cuba
1223:maps
1118:Mali
1103:Chad
689:Baqt
586:Rome
482:Debt
440:and
254:and
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4945:MV
4936:MT
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