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2478:, whose passengers at the time numbered approximately 7 million a day, announced plans for extensive pollution reduction measures across the network. The target was to cut pollution to over 30 % below the legal limit of 50 μg/m3. The target was 32 μg/m3 by 2026. The outset actuality was 38.8 μg/m3 average concentration of pollution. Starting in 2024, ₩100 billion annually for three years was earmarked for air pollution reduction measures. These included installation of air conditioning, better ventilation systems and filters, replacement of dust-inducing gravel rail tunnel beds with concrete ones, dust-capture matting at turnstiles, and constant public readings for pollution within the system.
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2466:, emissions from Seoul and in general from the rest of South Korea, as well as emissions from China, all contribute to Seoul's air quality. Besides air quality, greenhouse gas emissions represent hot issues in South Korea since the country is among top-10 strongest emitters in the world. Seoul is the strongest hotspot of greenhouse gas emissions in the country and according to satellite data, the persistent carbon dioxide anomaly over the city is one of the strongest in the world. Air quality is monitored by geo-stationary satellite measurements centred on Korea and its immediate neighbours.
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3592:. As of 2015, the population was 9.86 million, in 2012, it was 10.44 million. As of 2021, the population is 9.59 million. As of the end of June 2011, 10.29 million Republic of Korea citizens lived in the city. This was a 0.24% decrease from the end of 2010. The population of Seoul has been dropping since the early 1990s, the reasons being the high costs of living, urban sprawling to Gyeonggi region's satellite bed cities and an aging population.
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2020, South Korea, then the 11 largest world economy, announced a 35 billion USD position on ending investment in coal. In
November 2020, South Korea committed to a carbon-neutral economy by 2050. Between 2005 and 2021 annual concentration levels of small particulate matter (PM10) fell by 30-40 % in Seoul, whilst concentrations of larger particulate matter (PM 2.5) in the same period fell by 19 % across the country and more in Seoul and Gyeonggi.
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4055:. The 2nd World trade trade center is being planned at Seoul Olympic stadium complex as MICE HUB by Seoul city. Ex-Kepco head office building was purchased by Hyundai motor group with 9billion USD to build 115-storey Hyundai GBC & hotel complex until 2021. Now ex-kepco 25-storey building is under demolition.
2084:. One estimate of the extensive damage states that after the war, at least 191,000 buildings, 55,000 houses, and 1,000 factories lay in ruins. In addition, a flood of refugees had entered Seoul during the war, swelling the population of the city and its metropolitan area to an estimated 1.5 million by 1955.
3628:, which has around 830,000 members. According to the 2015 census, 10.8% of the population follows Buddhism and 35% follows Christianity (24.3% Protestantism and 10.7% Catholicism). 53.6% of the population is irreligious. Seoul is home to the world's largest modern university founded by a Buddhist Order,
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Investment in air quality improvement 2007-2020 in the order of 9 billion USD on the part of three key local authorities, namely
Gyeonggi, Incheon and Seoul, delivered a clear legal framework of responsibility, publicly checkable results and a major focus on reduction of transport pollutants. In July
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has implemented a range of policies and air pollutant standards to improve and manage air quality for its people. The "Special Act on the
Improvement of Air Quality in the Seoul Metropolitan Area" was passed in December 2003. Its 1st Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement Plan (2005–2014) focused
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and the largest in the world, with a total track length of 940 km (580 mi). In addition, in order to cope with the various modes of transport, Seoul's metropolitan government employs several mathematicians to coordinate the subway, bus, and traffic schedules into one timetable. The various
4649:
Seoul's bus system is operated by the Seoul
Metropolitan Government (S.M.G.), with four primary bus configurations available servicing most of the city. Seoul has many large intercity/express bus terminals. These buses connect Seoul with cities throughout South Korea. The Seoul Express Bus Terminal,
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broadband penetration and highest global average internet speeds of 26.1 Mbit/s. Since 2015, Seoul has provided free Wi-Fi access in outdoor spaces through a 47.7 billion won ($ 44 million) project with
Internet access at 10,430 parks, streets and other public places. Internet speeds
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values can surpass 40 °C (104.0 °F) at the height of summer. Winters are usually cold to freezing with average
January high and low temperatures of 2.1 and −5.5 °C (35.8 and 22.1 °F), and are generally much drier than summers, with an average of 24.9 days of snow annually.
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citizens of Korean ancestry. This was an 8.84% increase from the end of 2010 and a 12.85% increase from June 2010. The next largest group was
Chinese citizens who were not of Korean ethnicity; 29,901 of them resided in Seoul. The next highest group consisted of the 9,999 United States citizens who
1502:
In 603, Goguryeo attacked
Bukhansanseong (북한산성; 北漢山城; Bukhan Mountain Fortress), which Silla ended up winning. In 604, Silla abolished Namcheon Province, and reestablished Bukhansan Province in order to strengthen the northern border. The city lost its provincial capital position and was put under
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List in 1997 as an "outstanding example of Far
Eastern palace architecture and garden design". The main palace, Gyeongbokgung, underwent a large-scale restoration project. Seoul has been surrounded by walls that were built to regulate visitors from other regions and protect the city in case of an
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Compulsory education lasts from grade 1–9 (six years of elementary school and three years of middle school). Students spend six years in elementary school, three years in middle school, and three years in high school. Secondary schools generally require students to wear uniforms. There is an exit
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was estimated at 51.71 million, and according to the 2018 Population and
Housing Census, 49.8% of the population resided in the Seoul metropolitan area. This was up by 0.7% from 49.1% in 2010, showing a distinct trend toward the concentration of the population in the capital. Seoul has become the
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by reducing emissions. As a result, the annual average PM10 concentrations decreased from 70.0 μg/m in 2001 to 44.4 μg/m in 2011 and 46 μg/m in 2014. As of 2014, the annual average PM10 concentration was still at least twice than that recommended by the WHO Air Quality Guidelines. The 2nd Seoul
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In 1904, an American by the name of Angus Hamilton visited the city and said, "The streets of Seoul are magnificent, spacious, clean, admirably made and well-drained. The narrow, dirty lanes have been widened, gutters have been covered, roadways broadened. Seoul is within measurable distance of
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with headquarters of major companies, foreign financial institutions, largest news agencies and law firms. Other two business districts are developed in 1970s and have different characteristic; while Gangnam is well known for tech, luxury and private education industries, Yeouido is famous for
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The Seoul Metropolitan Government is the local government for Seoul, and is responsible for the administration and provision of various services to the city, including correctional institutions, education, libraries, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, and welfare
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In 568, Jinheung Taewang made another royal visit to the northern border, visited Hanseong, and stayed in Namcheon on his way back to the capital. During his stay, he set Jinheung Taewang Stele, abolished Bukhansan Province, and established Namcheon Province (남천주; 南川州; South River Province),
1582:
in 1392, Yi Seong-gye changed the name of his Kingdom from Goryeo to Joseon in 1393 and began his search for a place for a new capital. After several governmental debates, Yi Seong-gye chose Hanyang (Sindo) instead of Muak in September 1394. As Joseon's new capital, Hanyang was planned as a
2107:
also accelerated and workers began to move to Seoul and other larger cities. In 1963, Seoul went through two major expansions that established the shape and size of the present-day Seoul—barring minor adjustments to the borders later in 1973 and 2000. In August 1963, Seoul annexed parts of
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Seoul is the business and financial hub of South Korea. Although it accounts for only 0.6 percent of the nation's land area, 48.3 percent of South Korea's bank deposits were held in Seoul in 2003, and the city generated 23 percent of the country's GDP overall in 2012. In 2008 the
1451: Han Fortress) appears on the stone wall of "Pyongyang Fortress", which was presumably built in the mid to late 6th century AD over period of 42 years, located in Pyongyang, while there is no evidence that Seoul had name Hanseong dating the three kingdoms and earlier period.
7810:
Choi, Won Jun, Kyung-Jung Moon, Goo Kim, and Dongwon Lee. "Reliability Analysis Based on Air Quality Characteristics in East Asia Using Primary Data from the Test Operation of Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS)." Atmosphere 14, no. 9 (2023): 1458.
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3673:, including three science high schools, and six foreign language High Schools. Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education comprises 235 College-Preparatory High Schools, 80 Vocational Schools, 377 Middle Schools, and 33 Special Education Schools as of 2009.
4607:, when the first streetcar lines were laid and a railroad linking Seoul and Incheon was completed. Seoul's most important streetcar line ran along Jongno until it was replaced by Line 1 of the subway system in the early 1970s. Other notable streets in
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Sometimes, temperatures drop dramatically to below −10 °C (14 °F), and on some occasions as low as −15 °C (5 °F) in the mid winter period of January and February. Temperatures below −20 °C (−4 °F) have been recorded.
907:, and hosts more than half of South Korea's population. Although Seoul's population peaked at slightly over 10 million, it has gradually decreased since 2014, standing at approximately 9.97 million residents as of 2020. Seoul is the seat of the
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2151:'s regime focused its development plans on Gangnam. The main hurdle for Gangnam's development was floods because the area is low-lying and prone to flooding. Then Seoul mayor Kim Hyun-ok ordered construction of an expressway that doubled as
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Korea World Trade Center Complex, which comprises COEX mall, congress center, 3 Inter-continental hotels, Business tower (Asem tower), Residence hotel, Casino and City airport terminal was established in 1988 in time for the
4627:, Yulgongno, and Toegyero. There are nine major subway lines stretching for more than 250 km (155 mi), with one additional line planned. As of 2010, 25% of the population has a commute time of an hour or longer.
1503:
Bukhansan Province once again. This further proves that Bukhansan was located in the North of modern-day Pyongyang as changing the provincial name and objective would not be required if Bukhansan was located within Seoul.
1615:), an agency of the national government dedicated to affairs on the administration of the capital city. The Hanseongbu divided Hanyang into two major categories: areas inside the Fortress Wall, which were typically named
2259:
Seoul is in the northwest of South Korea. Seoul proper comprises 605.25 km (233.69 sq mi), with a radius of approximately 15 km (9 mi), roughly bisected into northern and southern halves by the
1980:
The City of Seoul is hereby constituted a municipal corporation to be known as SEOUL. The boundaries of the municipal corporation are the present limits of the City of Seoul consisting of the following eight districts:
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1915:
In 1945, following the liberation from Japanese colonial rule, the American military assumed control of Korea, including its capital city, then referred to as Kyeongseongbu in line with Japanese nomenclature. The
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is becoming increasingly popular in Seoul and in the entire country. Both banks of the Han River have cycling paths that run all the way across the city along the river. In addition, Seoul introduced in 2015 a
2351:, such as Ichon Hangang Park, Yeouido Hangang Park, Mangwon Hangang Park, Nanji Hangang Park, Banpo Hangang Park, Ttukseom Hangang Park and Jamsil Hangang Park. The Seoul National Capital Area also contains a
2159:. The construction started in March 1967 and completed in September of the same year. Similar projects transformed previously flood-prone areas into usable land for development. Such areas include the current
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appointing the city as the provincial capital. Based on the naming system, the actual name of Han River during this time was likely Namcheon (Nam River) itself or should have the word ending with "cheon" (
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and assembly-type of industries; however, food and beverage production, as well as printing and publishing remained among the core industries. Major manufacturers are headquartered in the city, including
1928:
in the United States that do not belong to any county, and Seoul was established as an independent administrative unit, separate from the existing provinces. The Korean version of the Charter translated
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in some apartment buildings reach up to 52.5 Gbit/s with assistance from Nokia, and though the average standard consists of 100 Mbit/s services, providers nationwide are rapidly rolling out 1
4178:, a stream that runs from west to east through the valley before emptying into the Han River, was for many years covered with concrete, but was recently restored by an urban revival project in 2005.
1499:
was likely Han River, and Bukhansan was not Bukhansan during the three kingdoms period. Moreover, Pyongyang was a common noun meaning capital used by Goguryeo and Goryeo dynasties, similar to Seoul.
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since 2003. It is based on the "Seoul Citizens' Day" held on every October since 1994 to commemorate the 600 years history of Seoul as the capital of the country. The festival is arranged under the
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high-speed train, which has a normal operation speed of more than 300 km/h (186 mph). The Mugunghwa and Saemaeul trains also stop at all major stations. Major railroad stations include:
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brought fierce battles, with Seoul changing hands four times and leaving the city mostly in ruins. Nevertheless, the city has since undergone significant reconstruction and rapid urbanization.
1390:, an earthen wall located southeast Seoul, is widely believed to have been at the main Wiryeseong site. As the Three Kingdoms competed for this strategic region, control passed from Baekje to
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released in 2024, Seoul ranked 10th. The city ranked 13th in business environment and financial sector development, seventh in human capital, 10th in infrastructure and 12th in reputation.
6978:
4506:, and has the largest number of professional sports teams and facilities in the country. In the history of South Korea's major professional sports league championships, which include the
1397:
However, according to Samguk Sagi, both Baekje and Silla described the land as frontier border of Baekje, not as the capital region. Moreover, Jinheung Taewang Stele found at current day
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taking place from June until September. August, the hottest month, has average high and low temperatures of 30.0 and 22.9 °C (86 and 73 °F) with higher temperatures possible.
2064:, Seoul changed hands between the Soviet- and Chinese-backed North Korean forces and the American-backed South Korean forces four times: falling to the North Koreans in the June 1950
8823:
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Labzovskii, Lev; Jeong, Su-Jong; Parazoo, Nicholas C. (2019). "Working towards confident spaceborne monitoring of carbon emissions from cities using Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2".
2288:, which historically bounded the city, goes over these mountains. The city is bordered by eight mountains, as well as the more level lands of the Han River plain and western areas.
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and opened for civil aircraft in 1957. Since the opening of Incheon International, Gimpo International handles domestic flights along with some short haul international flights to
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Urban and civil planning was a key concept when Seoul was first designed to serve as a capital in the late 14th century. The Joseon dynasty built the "Five Grand Palaces" in Seoul—
1920:
published the Charter of the City of Seoul in the official gazette on October 10 of the following year. The charter declared Seoul as the name of the city and established it as a
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1827:" in Japanese). The city saw significant transformation under Japanese colonial rule. Imperial Japan removed the city walls, paved roads, and built Western-style buildings.
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is the largest electronics market in Asia. Electronics markets are Gangbyeon station metro line 2 Techno mart, ENTER6 MALL & Shindorim station Technomart mall complex.
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1960:
1423:
In November 555, Jinheung Taewang made royal visit to Bukhansan, and inspected the borderline. In 557, Silla abolished Sin Province, and established Bukhansan Province (
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in terms of international passengers in 2014. In 2016, 57,765,397 passengers used the airport. Incheon International Airport opened terminal 2 on 18 January 2018.
2530:; there is great variation in temperature and precipitation throughout the year. The suburbs of Seoul are generally cooler than the center of Seoul because of the
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island. It is now responsible for major international flights. Incheon International Airport is Asia's eighth busiest airport in terms of passengers, the world's
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As of 2016, the number of foreigners living in Seoul was 404,037, 22.9% of the total foreign population in South Korea. As of June 2011, 186,631 foreigners were
2132:. The two consecutive expansions more than doubled the size of Seoul from approximately 268 km (103 sq mi) to 613 km (237 sq mi).
11864:
9222:
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1129:, was located within the boundaries of modern-day Seoul. Seoul was also known by other various historical names, such as Bukhansan-gun (북한산군; 北漢山郡, during the
8515:
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out into neighboring Gyeonggi Province. These areas are frequently sought after by people looking to escape from urban life on weekends and during vacations.
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In the late 19th century, after hundreds of years of isolation, Seoul opened its gates to foreigners and began modernization. Seoul became the first city in
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Seoul was deprived of its special status as the capital city and downsized under imperial Japan, compared to the traditional notion among people of the
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dynasty, Seoul was officially designated as the capital, surrounded by the Fortress Wall of Seoul. In the early 20th century, Seoul was occupied by the
12617:
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3929:(YBD). The Downtown Seoul, which has 600 years of history as unparalleled business district in entire Korea, is now a densely concentrated area around
1514:, built a summer palace in Seoul, which was referred to as the "Southern Capital". It was only from this period that Seoul became a larger settlement.
960:, are headquartered in the Seoul Capital Area, which has major technology hubs, such as Gangnam and Digital Media City. Seoul is ranked seventh in the
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and the east gate Dongdaemun. Namdaemun was the oldest wooden gate until a 2008 arson attack, and was re-opened after complete restoration in 2013.
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that is held every November. Although there is a test for non-high school graduates, called school qualification exam, most Koreans take the test.
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Kim, Honghyok; Kim, Hyomi; Lee, Jong-Tae (2015). "Effects of ambient air particles on mortality in Seoul: Have the effects changed over time?".
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has the largest area. The government of each gu handles many of the functions that are handled by city governments in other jurisdictions. Each
1774:). Much of modern development around this era was propelled by trade with foreign countries like France and the United States. For example, the
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had catered mainly to foreign tourists and American soldiers based in the city, Koreans now comprise the majority of visitors to the area. The
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tells that the place was underdeveloped as of 6th century AD, suggesting that the first capital Wiryeseong was not located in or nearby Seoul.
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6069:(Yi) dynasty (1392–1910) and the period of Japanese rule (1910–45), although the official names in those periods were Hansŏng (Hanseong) and
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is the cultural art market of Seoul, where traditional and modern Korean artworks, such as paintings, sculptures and calligraphy are sold.
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services. It is headed by a mayor and three vice mayors, and is divided into 25 autonomous districts and 522 administrative neighborhoods.
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1386:(founded in 18 BC) in the northeastern area of modern Seoul. There are several city walls remaining in the area that date from this time.
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in his book "Hamel's Journal and a Description of the Kingdom of Korea, 1653–1666." Refer to the English translation of the book on this
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street, meaning "Bell Street", has been a principal street and one of the earliest commercial streets of the city, on which one can find
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during the spring of 1951. The extensive fighting left the city heavily damaged after the war. The capital was temporarily relocated to
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incorporating both sound and meaning (through 首 meaning 'head', 'chief', 'first'). In nearby Japan where there is a phonetic alphabet (
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of Seoul was built early in the Joseon dynasty for protection of the city. After many centuries of destruction and rebuilding, about
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In 2023, the city announced plans to invest $ 44.7 million over six years to create a dedicated area to attract foreign investment.
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vary greatly in area (from 10 to 47 km or 3.9 to 18.1 sq mi) and population (from fewer than 140,000 to 630,000).
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8220:"South Korea: Administrative Division (Provinces, Counties, Cities and City Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map"
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s while others like Jongno District have a very large number of distinct neighborhoods. Seoul has 423 administrative dongs (
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Seoul is among the world leaders in Internet connectivity, being the capital of South Korea, which has the world's highest
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is located at the borders of the two Koreas, with civilian entry barred. There are four main mountains in central Seoul:
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7724:"Achieving clean air for blue skies in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea | UNEP - UN Environment Programme"
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in Seoul hosted major international music festivals – First ABU TV and Radio Song Festivals within frameworks of
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Seoul under the U.S. military government between 1945 and 1948 was much smaller than it is today. It only covered the
1587:. Construction of the city began in October 1394. During its early construction stages, some major palaces, including
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1778:, Seoul Electric Trolley Company, and Seoul Fresh Spring Water Company were all joint Korean–U.S. owned enterprises.
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in 2010 and has served as the national hub for the music, entertainment, and cultural industries that have propelled
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exam for graduating from high school and many students proceeding to the university level are required to take the
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Unlike most place names in Korea, as it is not a Sino-Korean word, 'Seoul' has no inherently corresponding Hanja (
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Seoul is connected to every major city in South Korea by rail. Most major South Korean cities are linked via the
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ranked Seoul 15th in the list of "Overall 2025 City Competitiveness" regarding future competitiveness of cities.
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968:, and is one of the five leading hosts of global conferences. The city has also hosted major events such as the
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11601:
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4174:, where most palaces, government offices, corporate headquarters, hotels, and traditional markets are located.
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827:
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128:
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8320:
6867:"Early History of Electrical Engineering in Korea: Edison and First Electric Lighting in the Kingdom of Corea"
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was incorporated into Kyeongseong (or Keijō) and developed under imperial Japan as a major industrial complex.
4231:—all of which are located in the Jongno and Jung Districts. Among them, Changdeokgung was added to the UNESCO
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9413:
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8355:
8290:
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7200:
6264:
5782:
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3325:
2417:
1950:
1800:
1314:
429:
9878:
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1491:). In addition, "Bukhansan" Jinheung Stele clearly states that Silla had possession of Hanseong (modern day
272:
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and Janganpyeong Antique Market also offer antique products. Some shops for local designers have opened in
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is a seasonal cultural festival held four times a year every spring, summer, autumn, and winter in Seoul,
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took the control of the region from Baekje, and the city became a part of newly established Sin Province (
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Seoul was rated Asia's most livable city, with the second-highest quality of life globally according to
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is a flat earthen wall built at the edge of the Han River, which is widely believed to be the site of
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dynasty that Seoul included the area of approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) radius surrounding the
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positioned on its northern edge. Within the Seoul Capital Area lie five UNESCO World Heritage Sites:
908:
8694:
8248:"Regional population density: Asia and Oceania, 2012: Inhabitants per square kilometre, TL3 regions"
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Seoul has been described as the world's "most wired city", ranked first in technology readiness by
3955:
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2251:
2100:
1867:
1854:). On October 1, 1910, Imperial Japan demoted Seoul as no different than any other city within the
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2034:, and the districts incorporated during Japanese rule to prosecute imperial Japan's war efforts.
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was annexed into Seoul on April 1, 1936 to function as an industrial complex for steel and other
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1024:
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is located on the grounds of Gyeongbokgung and focuses on the daily life of historical Koreans.
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is a former prison built during the Japanese occupation, and is used as a historic museum. The
4305:
Seoul is home to 115 museums, including four national and nine official municipal museums. The
4253:
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2297:
2285:
2069:
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1495:), thus Bukhansan has to be located north of Hanseong. Modern day Pyongyang was not Pyongyang,
1084:
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31:
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5988:"Monument on Bukhansan Mountain Commemorating the Border Inspection by King Jinheung of Silla"
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Union of International Associations (UIA) International Meetings Statistics for the Year 2011
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The traditional, labor-intensive manufacturing industries have been continuously replaced by
2413:
2128:, expanding the northeastern borders of Seoul. In September, Seoul again annexed present-day
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2010:
1921:
977:
884:
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with mid- to high-end stores, fashion boutiques and international brand outlets. The nearby
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6842:
Seongjeosimni in governance of Joseon (Studies on special topics of Seoul History, Vol. 5.)
6835:
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4801:
4798:: Honam line (KTX/ITX-Saemaeul/Nuriro/Mugunghwa), Jeolla/Janghang lines (Saemaul/Mugunghwa)
4603:
Seoul has a well developed transportation network. Its system dates back to the era of the
4562:
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and built to host the 1988 Summer Olympics, is the largest park. The areas near the stream
2205:
2031:
1982:
1804:
1420:). Sin (新) has both meaning of "New" and "Silla", thus literally means New Silla Province.
1048:
973:
12721:
7273:
7040:
4099:
connections at the equivalent of US$ 20 per month. In addition, the city is served by the
8:
16541:
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2209:
2183:
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1994:
1898:
1584:
1228:(京城, literally 'capital city') by the Imperial authorities to prevent confusion with the
1099:(서라벌; historically transliterated into the Hanja form 徐羅伐), which originally referred to
981:
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Seoul Hub is one of the key bases of the Wall Street Journal along with that of London.
4008:
is one of the most affluent areas in Seoul and is noted for the fashionable and upscale
3712:
3676:
Seoul is home to the majority of South Korea's most prestigious universities, including
2388:. Air quality in Seoul’s metropolitan area can be monitored in detail by the satellite.
1858:
province. After Imperial Japan's redistricting, Seoul only included the area inside the
16346:
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11999:
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10476:
10466:
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7934:
7907:"Statistical and dynamical characteristics of the urban heat island intensity in Seoul"
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were not of Korean ancestry. The next highest group were Taiwanese citizens, at 8,717.
3573:
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2535:
2220:
1998:
1990:
1604:
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1263:
942:
900:
872:
384:
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4522:, Seoul had multiple championship winners during the same season twice; in 1990, when
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is another earthen wall built during the Baekje period that is now located inside the
1193:
was used colloquially to refer to the capital as early as the 17th century. Thus, the
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province. With more than 8 million passengers per day, the subway is one of the
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is one of Seoul's largest shopping malls, and contains the world's largest permanent
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4976:. In addition, Seoul hosts many embassies of countries it has diplomatic ties with.
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6811:
History of urban planning in Seoul, Vol. 1., Urban planning before contemporary age
5954:
5410:
5372:
5254:
4934:. Intercity bus services are available to various destinations around the country.
4829:
4795:
4769:
4554:
4407:
Korea, an annual dance music festival that takes place on the 2nd weekend of June.
4339:
4208:, neolithic remains were excavated and accidentally discovered by a flood in 1925.
4059:
4005:
3979:
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10 gr/cu ft), which is 2.4 times higher than that recommended by the WHO
2201:
2139:'s development was spurred by key infrastructure projects: the construction of the
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2006:
1735:
1358:
1150:
992:
969:
586:
379:
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Seoul has no Hanja-derived names. The official Chinese translation of the city is
4368:
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2087:
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11487:
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Korea under Siege, 1876–1945 : Capital Formation and Economic Transformation
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lines that interconnects every district of the city and the surrounding areas of
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3334:
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2156:
1986:
1871:
1839:
1816:
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988:
923:
394:
242:
9373:
8053:"Seoul, South Korea - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"
8026:. Korea Meteorological Administration. 2011. p. 499 and 649. Archived from
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in 2015 listed Seoul as the 6th financially most competitive city in the world.
2099:
Following the war, Seoul began to focus on reconstruction and modernization. As
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created by Dr. Henny Savenije, a Dutch scholar known for his research on Hamel.
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inside subway cars. 5G will be introduced commercially in March 2019 in Seoul.
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1970:. Seoul has retained its status as the only special city in South Korea (i.e.,
1698:
1555:
1527:
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1068:
1004:
1000:
687:
441:
9600:"Sungnyemun to open to great fanfare after more than five years of renovation"
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Central City Terminal and Seoul Nambu Terminal are located in the district of
155:
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10843:
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9442:"Seoul's Cheonggyecheon Stream symbolizes Korea's past, present and tomorrow"
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covers the history of wars that Korea has been involved with, especially the
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708:
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350:
337:
10610:
10125:
9366:"Hi Seoul, SOUL OF ASIA – Seoul Located In the Center of Asian Metropolises"
4474:. It can accommodate up to 50 employees. It has about 20 editors and staff.
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186:
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English: Data sources: Köppen types calculated from data from WorldClim.org
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4808:: Gyeongbu/Honam/Janghang lines (KTX/ITX-Saemaeul/Saemaul/Nuriro/Mugunghwa)
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to introduce electricity in the royal palace, which was established by the
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236:
30:
This article is about the capital city of South Korea. For other uses, see
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15643:
10162:
10155:
8439:
5059:
1866:. In the 1930s, as part of Imperial Japan's war efforts leading up to the
914:
Seoul's history traces back to 18 BC when it was founded by the people of
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7749:"Korea's policy towards pollution and fine particle: a sense of urgency"
6187:"Chinese Naming Crisis Danger Opportunity Summer 2006 – Good Characters"
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9284:. Regents of the University of California. 14 June 2005. Archived from
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The traditional heart of Seoul is the old Joseon dynasty city, now the
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3827:
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3624:. Seoul is home to one of the world's largest Christian congregations,
2539:
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2072:, falling to a combined Chinese-North Korean force in the January 1951
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1863:
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becoming the highest, most interesting and cleanest city in the East."
1205:
Due to its common usage, French missionaries called the Joseon capital
1110:
931:
446:
178:
9019:
8291:"Seoul's Population Drops Below 10 Million for First Time in 25 Years"
4189:
2452:
Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement Plan (2015–2024) added PM2.5 and
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759:
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9977:"The Washington Post announces breaking-news reporters for Seoul hub"
9445:
7386:"Korea's Air Is Dirty, But It's Not All Close-Neighbor China's Fault"
5511:
Ancient Gyeongju was also known in documents by the Sino-Korean name
5119:
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of Jung District, composing financial district of the Downtown Seoul.
2312:
Seoul has a large quantity of parks. One of the most famous parks is
2273:
2109:
1906:
1712:. A decade later the city also implemented electrical street lights.
1705:
1646:
1492:
1398:
1294:
1258:
in Chinese and is associated with 'China' in Japanese context. After
1040:
987:
Seoul is geographically set in a mountainous and hilly terrain, with
672:
628:
16941:
8565:"Geographical Features of Social Polarization in Seoul, South Korea"
7636:
Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
7566:
Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
6066:
5072:
16861:
16826:
16748:
16676:
16656:
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16636:
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16588:
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14191:
14083:
13699:
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13231:
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13073:
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12783:
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12388:
12363:
12353:
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12293:
12253:
12210:
12175:
12165:
11282:
10735:
10701:
10688:
8695:"Hot Spots 2025: Benchmarking the Future Competitiveness of Cities"
7822:"Seoul Metro initiates plans to reduce air pollution by over 30% -"
7410:
7072:
5293:
5275:
5171:
5067:
5033:
4715:
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4582:
4535:
4527:
4523:
4507:
4384:
4183:
3989:
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3312:
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV), Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)
2333:
2269:
2264:. The river is no longer actively used for navigation, because its
2240:
1855:
1391:
1130:
1100:
641:
15369:
14497:
9419:
8234:"Over half of population resides in Seoul metropolitan area: Data"
7497:
World Health Organization. September 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
2550:
Climate data for Seoul (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1907–present)
2219:
economic, political and cultural hub of the country, with several
1824:
1791:
16811:
16790:
16743:
16738:
16717:
16702:
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15565:
15503:
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15251:
15160:
15149:
15105:
15083:
15050:
15028:
15017:
15006:
14783:
14723:
14605:
14331:
14279:
14078:
14022:
13957:
13952:
13752:
13747:
13709:
13693:
13627:
13604:
13528:
13501:
13409:
13371:
13365:
13320:
13292:
13102:
13062:
12913:
12793:
12746:
12731:
12632:
12528:
12513:
12483:
12468:
12448:
12438:
12398:
12383:
12268:
12263:
12243:
12170:
12160:
12109:
12104:
12099:
11989:
11969:
10917:
10912:
10907:
10598:
10592:
10240:
10150:
9874:
8602:
Industrial Policy and Territorial Development: Lessons from Korea
8382:"1.76 million foreigners live in South Korea; 3.4% of population"
8197:
5280:
5184:
5163:
5085:
4942:
4703:
4612:
4581:
is South Korea's national sport and Seoul is the location of the
4435:
4001:
3926:
3922:
3899:
3895:
3886:
3815:
3355:
2527:
2265:
2224:
2136:
2129:
2125:
2117:
949:
941:
in 2015 and a GDP per capita (PPP) of approximately $ 40,000. 15
938:
880:
604:
573:
13259:
8924:"Neon shines brightly during the bustle on Yeouido stock street"
8849:"Seoul rises one spot to 10th in Global Financial Centres Index"
8133:. Official site of Seoul Metropolitan Government. Archived from
7970:(in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration. Archived from
7848:"Seoul, South Korea Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)"
6319:
6317:
4662:
handles traffics mainly from Gangwon and Chungcheong provinces.
2404:
Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, the annual average
1547:
1379:
area, where present-day Seoul is located, began around 4000 BC.
16871:
16866:
16841:
16795:
16769:
16722:
16671:
16522:
16512:
16472:
16366:
16361:
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16295:
15539:
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12673:
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5054:
5020:
5015:
5007:
5002:
4781:
4747:
4724:
4179:
4111:
4096:
4058:
Further information on the logistics and shipping company:
4044:
2277:
1831:
1579:
1571:
1507:
1383:
1194:
1186:
1170:
1126:
919:
915:
791:
738:
719:
698:
633:
98:
8790:"It's official: Jinro soju is the world's best-selling liquor"
8408:"Korean Chinese account for nearly 70% of foreigners in Seoul"
7698:"Japan, Republic of Korea Pledge to Go Carbon-neutral by 2050"
7673:"Japan, Republic of Korea Pledge to Go Carbon-neutral by 2050"
6354:
6352:
6065:
The city was popularly called Seoul in Korean during both the
4641:
4577:
hosted the opening ceremony and first game of the tournament.
3588:
countries in Asia in 2012, and second worldwide after that of
1726:
1274:
still acknowledges both common and proper noun definitions of
16876:
16816:
16774:
16707:
16666:
16593:
16578:
16533:
16507:
16497:
16487:
16457:
16452:
16447:
16427:
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16331:
16285:
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15187:
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14995:
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14528:
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14326:
14256:
14137:
14132:
14114:
13874:
13687:
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13550:
13539:
13479:
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13275:
13253:
13237:
13215:
13153:
13148:
13107:
12903:
12808:
12533:
12518:
12503:
12403:
12393:
12378:
12368:
12318:
12303:
12298:
12288:
12215:
12150:
12114:
12094:
12089:
11974:
10965:
10922:
10902:
10897:
10730:
10709:
10206:
9474:
The Emerging Asian City: Concomitant Urbanities and Urbanisms
9163:"Yongsan Electronics Market, Asia's largest IT shopping mall"
6314:
5223:
5215:
5210:
5189:
5158:
5137:
5098:
5093:
4454:. The city is also home to the major South Korean newspapers
4323:
3846:
3835:
3617:
3589:
3584:. Its metropolitan area was the most densely populated among
2526:, by −3 °C or 26.6 °F isotherm), influenced by the
2453:
2405:
2236:
2121:
2081:
1666:
1405:
1229:
1146:
1104:
1052:
1044:
807:
113:
14495:
7475:
World Health Organization. May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
7155:
7028:(in Korean). Seoul Historiography Institute. 26 August 2021.
5973:
5741:
4538:
won the 1990 KBO League, and in 2016, when FC Seoul won the
3966:
The largest wholesale and retail market in South Korea, the
2408:
concentration in 2014 was 24 micrograms per cubic meter (1.0
1649:(Korean mile) around the Fortress Wall, which were named as
16951:
16517:
16442:
16402:
15204:
15127:
14533:
14119:
13725:
13621:
13545:
13512:
13506:
13438:
13331:
12433:
12428:
12418:
12323:
12248:
11979:
11242:
11028:
9934:
8468:(in Korean). KOSIS KOrean Statistical Information Service.
8154:
8152:
7359:"Korea Wrestles with Growing Health Threat from Fined Dust"
7267:"Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea"
6349:
5416:
5228:
4736:
3842:
is the most sold alcoholic drink in the world, beating out
3839:
3585:
3581:
2496:
2444:
2427:
2385:
1909:
1342:
1209:(/se.ul/) in their writings, hence the common romanization
1036:
610:
38:
6844:] (in Korean). Seoul: Seoul Historiography Institute.
6813:] (in Korean). Seoul: Seoul Historiography Institute.
11763:
11741:
11541:
9663:
7758:. Korea Analysis. v2. June 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
4773:
4166:, a traditional Seoul village built during the Joseon era
4076:
2420:
monitors and publicly shares real-time air quality data.
2076:, and finally being recaptured once more by UN forces in
1924:. Seoul's status as a municipal corporation mirrored the
848:
775:
10286:
8149:
7438:"[Feature] South Korea's odor pollution problem"
4000:, where numerous small art galleries are located. While
2469:
1595:
surrounding Hanyang was partially finished around 1396.
1317:
changed Seoul's official Chinese name from the historic
9330:
akamai's [state of the internet] Q4 2016 report
8572:
Representing Local Places and Raising Voices from Below
7525:
6036:
3819:
2193:
capital, being specified as such in Article 103 of the
953:
8869:"Top 3 Major Business Districts (CBD) in Seoul, Korea"
8728:
8726:
7767:
7516:
Seoul Metropolitan Government. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
6834:김경록; 유승희; 김경태; 이현진; 정은주; 최진아; 이민우; 진윤정 (3 June 2019).
6803:김기호; 김웅호; 염복규; 김영심; 김도연; 유승희; 박준형 (30 November 2021).
5493:
4585:, the world headquarters of taekwondo, as well as the
4470:. In Seoul, there is a digital news operation for the
1382:
Seoul is first recorded as Wiryeseong, the capital of
1240:' (a transliteration of an ancient native Korean word
17021:
Special Cities and Metropolitan Cities of South Korea
10065:
Official Website of the Seoul Metropolitan Government
6876:. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
6021:, a 17th-century Dutch sailor who was shipwrecked on
5428:
5413:
4200:
Seoul has many historical and cultural landmarks. In
3986:, is the oldest continually running market in Seoul.
1270:
became the official name for the Korean capital. The
13827:
10053:
8605:. OECD Development Center. 16 May 2012. p. 58.
7647:"Air pollution | Smog is lifting over greater Seoul"
7627:
2nd Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement Plan.
7557:
1st Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement Plan.
5597:""Seoul, my soul" selected as the city's new slogan"
5497:
5419:
5306:
4266:
of the wall remains, as well as six of the original
2316:, which offers recreational hiking and views of the
2189:
Until 1972, Seoul was claimed by North Korea as its
1881:
The city was liberated by U.S. forces at the end of
10191:
Seoul Information & Communication Plaza website
8723:
6088:
Eclipsed Cinema: The Film Culture of Colonial Korea
4986:
List of twin towns and sister cities in South Korea
2344:opened, spanning diagonally overtop Seoul Station.
9243:
6942:
4569:. It also served as one of the host cities of the
4083:report. Seoul has a very technologically advanced
10200:
9903:. Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union. Archived from
8440:"South Korean mega-churches. For God and country"
5551:As written in the Korean version of the charter:
4442:Seoul is home of the major South Korean networks
4151:List of tallest buildings in Seoul
3962:is one of the most popular destinations in Seoul.
2400:is a major issue in Seoul. According to the 2016
2147:(1968–1970). As Seoul's population kept growing,
2013:, and as such may be extended as provided by law.
1730:Seoul, capital city of the Korean Empire, in 1905
1554:was included in five administrative divisions of
918:, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. During the
16997:
8001:(in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration
6901:
2068:, recaptured by UN forces in the September 1950
1683:area later gained the informal but popular name
1250:) meaning 'great'), which may also refer to the
46:Special city in Seoul Capital, Republic of Korea
10091:"Exchange Cities of Seoul Metropolitan Council"
9219:"50 reasons why Seoul is world's greatest city"
9211:
9104:. Seoul Matropolitan Government. Archived from
7965:"Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020)"
7905:Lee, Sang-Hyun; Baik, Jong-Jin (1 March 2010).
7528:"Changes in Seoul's Air Quality Control Policy"
6940:
5559:Official Gazette, USAMGIK Charter City of Seoul
4845:Seoul is served by two international airports,
1785:
14949:
10043:"Expanded Operation of Seoul Bike "Ddareungi""
9470:
9125:
9123:
8540:. Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 29 June 2022.
4818:: Gyeongchun/Jungang/Yeongdong/Taebaek lines (
3834:. Notable food and beverage companies include
1693:), which literally means 'areas inside of the
16549:
16225:South Korea cities with a 200,000+ population
16202:
15906:
15659:
15385:
14935:
14481:
13813:
12976:
12618:
12040:
10949:
10639:
10615:
10302:
9957:"New York Times opens Asia news hub in Seoul"
9509:
8764:"The primacy of Seoul and the capital region"
7483:
7481:
6973:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6212:
3449:
3417:), or neighborhoods. Some gu have only a few
2101:South Korea's economy started to grow rapidly
1233:
948:companies, including industry giants such as
10001:(in Korean). Medeaus Ilbo. 7 November 2016.
9195:. Guinnessworldrecords.com. 18 August 2009.
8782:
8285:
8283:
7466:Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database.
6833:
6802:
5537:
5531:
5516:
5487:
5439:
4321:are old residential districts consisting of
3566:source: and and Korea Herald Feb. 14, 2024.
3422:
3412:
3406:
3378:
3372:
2534:effect. Summers are hot and humid, with the
2340:also has spaces for recreation. In 2017 the
1971:
1954:
1944:
1938:
1849:
1843:
1753:
1747:
1688:
1670:
1660:
1636:
1626:
1620:
1610:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1415:
1409:
1245:
1180:
1174:
1160:
1154:
1140:
1134:
1120:
1114:
1078:
815:
813:
797:
744:
118:
103:
81:
57:
15673:
9278:"KOREA: Future is now for Korean info-tech"
9120:
8458:
8071:
7989:
7721:
7395:. NPR. 3 June 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
7159:Planning Asian Cities: Risks and Resilience
6874:Promoting the History of EE Jan 23–26, 2000
5462:
4309:has a collection of 220,000 artifacts. The
3344:
1759:
1676:
1642:
1448:
16556:
16542:
16209:
16195:
15913:
15899:
15666:
15652:
15392:
15378:
14942:
14928:
14488:
14474:
13820:
13806:
12983:
12969:
12625:
12611:
12047:
12033:
10956:
10942:
10826:Special self-governing province and States
10646:
10632:
10309:
10295:
8812:
8013:
7526:Yu-Jin Choi; Woon-Soo Kim (25 June 2015).
7478:
7156:Stephen Hamnett, Dean Forbes, ed. (2012).
7151:
7149:
6980:Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History
6255:
6253:
6209:
5723:
4964:List of diplomatic missions in South Korea
4957:
4654:. In addition, East Seoul Bus Terminal in
3938:securities exchange and asset management.
1083:) has been a native Korean (as opposed to
12054:
9300:"Tech capitals of the world – Technology"
8280:
8259:
7575:
6864:
6043:Yu, Woo-ik; Lee, Chan (6 November 2019).
5521:, literally 'gold city' or 'metal city').
4922:Incheon and Gimpo are linked to Seoul by
4901:also operate from Incheon International.
1645: Inside the fortress), and areas 10
1309:), which is the Chinese pronunciation of
1289:used in the Korean language). Instead of
15920:
8875:. Pearson & Partners. 25 August 2020
7876:
7372:. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
7299:"Korean Cultural Centre India New Delhi"
5654:
5652:
4855:
4746:
4669:
4640:
4491:
4426:
4367:
4293:
4188:
4158:
3974:is a shopping and entertainment area in
3954:
3894:
3767:
3752:
3738:
3722:
3711:
3649:
3354:
3329:
2491:
2422:
2392:
2372:
2301:
2250:
2177:
2086:
2036:
1892:
1799:
1725:
1598:The city of Hanyang was governed by the
1546:
1535:
1091:simply meaning 'capital city.' The word
10659:administrative divisions of South Korea
10209:– The Official Seoul Tourism Guide Site
9544:"Amsa-dong Prehistoric Settlement Site"
8896:"Beginners guide to Seoul office lease"
8663:"The Global Financial Centres Index 12"
8498:from the original on 15 September 2018.
8344:
8093:
7904:
7146:
6289:
6250:
5947:Journal of Korean Art & Archaeology
3880:
1888:
1679: 10 Ris around the fortress). The
482:605.21 km (233.67 sq mi)
14:
16998:
13773:Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute
10814:Claimed five Northern Korean Provinces
10071:from the original on 30 September 2022
9875:"ABU TV and Radio Song Festivals 2012"
9795:from the original on 27 September 2014
9760:from the original on 15 September 2014
9640:from the original on 11 September 2014
9576:. Gyeongbokgung Palace. Archived from
9310:from the original on 12 September 2009
9306:. Melbourne, Australia. 18 June 2007.
9193:"Largest Permanent 35mm Cinema Screen"
8843:
8841:
8101:"서울특별시청 Seoul Metropolitan Government"
7519:
7461:
7459:
7380:
7378:
7303:Korean Cultural Centre India New Delhi
7016:
7014:
7012:
6997:from the original on 30 September 2022
6197:from the original on 30 September 2018
6184:
5845:from the original on 12 September 2009
5637:from the original on 22 September 2021
5395:, based on its pronunciation. See the
4869:opened in 1939 as an airfield for the
4739:, and Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation.
4186:, a pavilion containing a large bell.
3908:Global Financial Centerss Index report
3902:, the main financial district of Seoul
2019:U.S. Army Military Government in Korea
1742:in 1897, Seoul was temporarily called
1699:downtown (city center) of Hanyang city
980:, in addition to three matches at the
490:12,685 km (4,898 sq mi)
16537:
16190:
15894:
15647:
15373:
14923:
14469:
13801:
12964:
12606:
12028:
10937:
10627:
10614:
10290:
10097:from the original on 7 September 2022
9825:from the original on 14 February 2015
9554:from the original on 22 February 2014
9452:from the original on 22 February 2014
8990:from the original on 15 February 2014
8744:from the original on 22 February 2014
8627:"Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index"
8574:. Osaka City University. p. 34.
8472:from the original on 26 February 2021
8388:from the original on 21 December 2017
8268:from the original on 21 February 2014
7444:from the original on 17 February 2019
7418:from the original on 17 February 2019
7339:from the original on 19 November 2018
7104:from the original on 9 September 2023
6883:from the original on 22 February 2014
6310:from the original on 10 October 2020.
6238:from the original on 22 February 2014
6042:
5894:from the original on 25 December 2019
5711:from the original on 26 November 2021
5649:
5448:
4270:. These gates include the south gate
4202:Amsa-dong Prehistoric Settlement Site
4022:Noryangjin Fisheries Wholesale Market
3608:The two major religions in Seoul are
2470:Air pollution inside the Metro system
1574:dynasty. After enthroning himself as
1278:. Therefore, it can be said that the
867:, is the capital and largest city of
12990:
10005:from the original on 9 November 2016
9730:from the original on 12 October 2014
9652:
9491:from the original on 25 January 2016
9225:from the original on 22 October 2014
9199:from the original on 16 January 2013
9052:from the original on 16 January 2014
8770:from the original on 4 November 2014
8518:from the original on 10 October 2020
8446:from the original on 15 January 2018
8420:from the original on 19 January 2012
8362:from the original on 19 October 2013
7945:from the original on 10 October 2020
7887:from the original on 10 October 2020
7858:from the original on 10 October 2020
7229:from the original on 25 January 2016
7176:from the original on 25 January 2016
7134:from the original on 7 February 2023
7128:U.S. Army Center of Military History
7124:"Chapter XXVI: The Capture of Seoul"
7098:U.S. Army Center of Military History
7041:"번역이 만든 '서울특별시'…서울은 어떻게 '특별한' 시가 됐나"
7022:"서울은 어떻게 '특별시'가 됐나…근거 문서 '서울시헌장' 공개"
6922:from the original on 25 January 2016
6784:from the original on 22 January 2023
6777:National Institute of Korean History
6752:from the original on 22 January 2023
6745:National Institute of Korean History
6720:from the original on 22 January 2023
6713:National Institute of Korean History
6688:from the original on 22 January 2023
6658:from the original on 22 January 2023
6628:from the original on 22 January 2023
6621:National Institute of Korean History
6596:from the original on 22 January 2023
6589:National Institute of Korean History
6564:from the original on 22 January 2023
6557:National Institute of Korean History
6532:from the original on 22 January 2023
6525:National Institute of Korean History
6500:from the original on 22 January 2023
6493:National Institute of Korean History
6468:from the original on 22 January 2023
6461:National Institute of Korean History
6436:from the original on 22 January 2023
6429:National Institute of Korean History
6404:from the original on 22 January 2023
6397:National Institute of Korean History
6372:from the original on 22 January 2023
6365:National Institute of Korean History
6337:from the original on 22 January 2023
6330:National Institute of Korean History
6261:"Pungnap-toseong (Earthen Ramparts)"
6166:from the original on 25 January 2016
6025:, referred to the Joseon capital as
6000:from the original on 22 January 2023
5993:National Institute of Korean History
5815:from the original on 24 October 2014
5670:from the original on 19 October 2013
2384:Satellite image taken on 3 December
2347:There are also many parks along the
2208:as well as one of the venues of the
15399:
11942:Seoul Station City Airport Terminal
11579:Incheon International Airport (130)
9524:from the original on 1 October 2015
8893:
8838:
8822:. The Economist. 24 November 2012.
8711:from the original on 9 January 2014
8668:. Z/Yen Group. 2012. Archived from
7957:
7911:Theoretical and Applied Climatology
7456:
7375:
7066:
7038:
7009:
6949:. Oxford University Press. p.
6908:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 142.
6740:"Samguk Sagi Goguryeo Yeongyang 15"
6084:
4974:C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group
4954:(and named Seoul Bike in English).
4720:busiest subway systems in the world
3305:Korea Meteorological Administration
2456:to its list of managed pollutants.
2443:on improving the concentrations of
1819:annexed Korea and renamed the city
1282:of the Republic of Korea is Seoul.
1272:Standard Korean Language Dictionary
1167:Northern and Southern States period
1095:is believed to have descended from
24:
10061:"Sister & Friendship Cities -"
10049:from the original on 5 April 2019.
9927:"Ultra Korea – June 8, 9, 10 2018"
9881:from the original on 10 April 2014
9610:from the original on 30 April 2013
8581:from the original on 23 April 2016
8332:from the original on 17 April 2021
8261:10.1787/reg_glance-2013-graph37-en
8194:United Nations Population Division
7877:Peterson, Adam (31 October 2018),
7722:Environment, U. N. (16 May 2023).
5940:
5368:List of tallest buildings in Seoul
4915:by cargo traffic, and the world's
4423:Seoul Foreign Correspondents’ Club
3444:
2355:aimed at preventing the city from
2091:Bird's eye view of Seoul from the
1558:, in late period of Joseon dynasty
885:sixth largest metropolitan economy
25:
17032:
10173:
10113:
9845:"Seodaemun Prison History Museum"
9778:
9700:from the original on 16 July 2014
9666:. 27 October 2011. Archived from
9143:from the original on 4 March 2016
8301:from the original on 4 March 2014
8021:"Climatological Normals of Korea"
7309:from the original on 20 July 2020
6806:서울도시계획사 1 현대 이전의 도시계획 (서울역사총서 12)
6105:from the original on 14 July 2022
5530:Also referred to as Gyeongseong (
4592:
3857:. It also hosts food giants like
1517:
1169:), Namgyeong (남경; 南京, during the
1009:Royal Tombs of the Joseon dynasty
16973:
16218:
15938:ABU International Dance Festival
15691:ABU International Dance Festival
15227:
14895:
14875:
14855:
14837:
14819:
14795:
14777:
14759:
14741:
14717:
14699:
14688:
14670:
14652:
14641:
14623:
14599:
14581:
14563:
14545:
14527:
14496:
14455:; Postponed to 2021 due to the
14428:
14410:
14393:
14377:
14359:
14343:
14325:
14309:
14291:
14273:
14255:
14237:
14221:
14203:
14185:
14167:
14149:
14131:
14113:
14095:
14077:
14061:
14021:
14003:
13985:
13969:
13951:
13922:
13904:
13886:
13868:
13850:
11762:
11740:
11540:
10964:
10589:(Central Business District, CBD)
10568:
10161:
10149:
10133:
10119:
10083:
10035:
10017:
9989:
9969:
9949:
9919:
9893:
9867:
9855:from the original on 4 June 2014
9837:
9807:
9772:
9742:
9712:
9682:
9622:
9592:
9566:
9536:
9503:
9464:
9434:
9406:
9388:
9358:
9346:from the original on 13 May 2018
9322:
9292:
9270:
9258:from the original on 20 May 2014
9237:
9185:
9155:
9094:
9064:
9034:
9002:
8972:
8946:
8930:. 5 January 2010. Archived from
8916:
8887:
8861:
8826:from the original on 1 July 2017
8756:
8687:
8655:
8619:
8593:
8556:
8544:from the original on 7 July 2022
8530:
8502:
8484:
8466:"2015 Census – Religion Results"
8432:
8400:
8374:
8313:
6772:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinpyeong 32"
6708:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinpyeong 30"
6085:Kim, Dong Hoon (22 March 2017).
6055:from the original on 9 June 2015
5755:from the original on 11 May 2012
5409:
5337:
5323:
5309:
5287:
5274:
5261:
5248:
5235:
5222:
5209:
5196:
5183:
5170:
5157:
5144:
5131:
5118:
5105:
5092:
5079:
5066:
5053:
5040:
5027:
5014:
5001:
4979:
4970:Asian Network of Major Cities 21
4123:
3794:
3576:, which is almost twice that of
1738:'s proclamation of Korea as the
1715:
1370:
285:
271:
261:
235:
219:
201:
185:
171:
154:
13006:states with limited recognition
11898:Sangbong Intercity Bus Terminal
10025:"The subway's past and present"
9690:"National Folk Museum of Korea"
9131:"Itaewon: Going Gangnam Style?"
8702:The Economist Intelligence Unit
8562:
8352:"Seoul Statistics (Population)"
8321:"32년 만에 '1000만 서울 시대' 막 내렸다..."
8240:
8226:
8212:
8182:
8123:
8045:
7898:
7870:
7840:
7814:
7804:
7761:
7741:
7715:
7690:
7665:
7639:
7620:
7569:
7550:
7500:
7430:
7406:"Seoul's smelly gingko problem"
7398:
7351:
7321:
7291:
7259:
7241:
7208:
7188:
7116:
7086:
7060:
7032:
6967:
6934:
6895:
6858:
6827:
6796:
6764:
6732:
6700:
6670:
6640:
6616:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinheung 45"
6608:
6576:
6544:
6512:
6480:
6448:
6424:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinheung 28"
6416:
6392:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinheung 24"
6384:
6325:"Samguk Sagi Silla Jinheung 19"
6283:
6178:
6142:
6117:
6078:
6012:
5934:
5912:
5906:
5876:
5857:
5827:
5797:
5607:from the original on 7 May 2023
5565:
5545:
5542:) via its Korean pronunciation.
5524:
5505:
5480:
5402:
4403:. As of 2012, Seoul has hosted
4389:Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
4144:
3789:The Economist Intelligence Unit
3664:College Scholastic Ability Test
3430:
2416:for the annual mean PM2.5. The
2200:Seoul was the host city of the
2155:, which became the present-day
1953:(or special metropolitan city;
1697:', and became the one and only
1363:For a chronological guide, see
564: • Metro density
16563:
10201:Tourism and living information
10093:. Seoul Metropolitan Council.
9510:Andrei Lankov (24 June 2010).
9169:. 1 March 2011. Archived from
8796:. 12 June 2012. Archived from
8442:. Economist. 15 October 2011.
8190:"World Urbanization Prospects"
6983:. W. W. Norton & Company.
6837:조선시대 다스림으로 본 성저십리 (서울역사중점연구 5)
6654:(in Korean). 22 January 2013.
5920:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
5767:
5693:
5682:
5660:"Seoul Statistics (Land Area)"
5627:"서울시 사이트에 서울 시가인 서울의 찬가가 없습니다"
5619:
5589:
5538:
5532:
5517:
5488:
5440:
5385:
4364:List of South Korean festivals
4290:List of museums in South Korea
3785:Global Financial Centres Index
3572:Seoul proper is noted for its
3423:
3413:
3407:
3379:
3373:
2362:
2195:1948 North Korean constitution
2021:, Charter of the City of Seoul
1945:
1939:
1850:
1844:
1754:
1748:
1689:
1671:
1661:
1637:
1627:
1621:
1611:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1416:
1410:
1330:
1326:
1306:
1302:
1246:
1234:
1201:was widely referred to as the
1181:
1175:
1161:
1155:
1141:
1135:
1121:
1115:
1079:
966:Global Financial Centres Index
814:
798:
745:
506:836.5 m (2,744.4 ft)
119:
104:
13:
1:
16765:Kyoto–Osaka–Kobe (Keihanshin)
10124:The dictionary definition of
9634:Seoul Metropolitan Government
9370:Seoul Metropolitan Government
8956:. Visit Seoul. Archived from
8766:. United Nations University.
8570:. In Mizuuchi, Toshio (ed.).
8538:"QS Best Student Cities 2023"
8356:Seoul Metropolitan Government
8252:OECD Regions at a Glance 2013
8164:Seoul Metropolitan Government
7770:Remote Sensing of Environment
7223:Seoul Metropolitan Government
7201:Seoul Metropolitan Government
6360:"Samguk Sagi Baekje Seong 19"
6265:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5943:"Gyeongju, a City of History"
5779:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5705:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5664:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5631:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5601:Seoul Metropolitan Government
5582:
5396:
5358:List of cities in South Korea
4905:Incheon International Airport
4861:Incheon International Airport
4847:Incheon International Airport
4665:
4401:Seoul Metropolitan Government
4354:are art museums in the city.
4327:(traditional Korean houses).
4196:(commonly known as Namdaemun)
4064:
3849:; top selling beer producers
3783:Index ranked Seoul No.9. The
3781:Worldwide Centers of Commerce
3646:List of universities in Seoul
3580:and eight times greater than
3326:Seoul Metropolitan Government
3319:
3307:(percent sunshine 1981–2010)
2418:Seoul Metropolitan Government
2377:The Seoul metropolitan area,
2216:South Korea's 2019 population
1591:, were finished in 1395. The
1570:, the founding father of the
1315:Seoul Metropolitan Government
1125:), the capital settlement of
1059:to international prominence.
548:16,000/km (41,000/sq mi)
430:Seoul Metropolitan Government
10169:travel guide from Wikivoyage
9471:Vinayak Bharne, ed. (2013).
7598:10.1016/j.envres.2015.05.029
6584:"Pyongyang Fortress Stone 6"
6552:"Pyongyang Fortress Stone 4"
6520:"Pyongyang Fortress Stone 3"
6488:"Pyongyang Fortress Stone 2"
6456:"Pyongyang Fortress Stone 1"
6290:Tennant (12 November 2012).
6073:(Gyeongseong), respectively.
5835:"Tech capitals of the world"
5701:"City Overview (Population)"
5554:第一條 「京城府」를「서울市」라稱하고此를特別自由市로함
5363:List of most populous cities
4357:
4348:Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art
4020:. Wholesale markets include
3801:Manufacturing in South Korea
3635:
2369:Air pollution in South Korea
2320:skyline, especially via its
2246:
1823:("Kyongsong" in Korean and "
1786:Japanese annexation of Korea
1213:in various languages today.
92: transcription(s)
7:
10872:Special self-governing city
9815:"The War Memorial of Korea"
9072:"Hwanghak-dong Flea Market"
8328:(in Korean). 3 March 2021.
7488:WHO Air Quality Guidelines.
7094:"The Korean War Chronology"
6684:(in Korean). 11 July 2016.
5841:. Melbourne. 15 June 2009.
5498:
5302:
4926:, and to each other by the
4867:Gimpo International Airport
4851:Gimpo International Airport
4840:
4502:Seoul is a major center of
4155:Architecture of South Korea
3944:
3690:QS Best Student Cities 2023
3603:
3391:has the most people, while
3023:Average precipitation days
2809:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2669:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2438:Since the early 1960s, the
1710:Edison Illuminating Company
1293:'Seoul' to Chinese, in the
1062:
849:
833:
776:
760:
567:2,053/km (5,320/sq mi)
10:
17037:
15453:Seoul Metropolitan Library
13789:Georgian-Ossetian conflict
11883:Seoul Express Bus Terminal
9998:2016 프로야구와 프로축구는 모두'서울의 봄'
9849:Korea Tourism Organization
9819:Korea Tourism Organization
9754:Korea Tourism Organization
9724:Korea Tourism Organization
9694:Korea Tourism Organization
9548:Korea Tourism Organization
9076:Korea Tourism Organization
9046:Korea Tourism Organization
8984:Korea Tourism Organization
8894:Lee, Sue (18 March 2011).
8160:"Administrative Districts"
7162:. Routledge. p. 159.
5884:"Lists: Republic of Korea"
4983:
4961:
4937:
4686:Seoul has a comprehensive
4679:
4634:
4596:
4587:World Taekwondo Federation
4485:
4420:
4414:
4361:
4287:
4281:
4277:
4148:
4139:
4068:
4057:
4033:Yongsan Electronics Market
3948:
3915:central business districts
3884:
3798:
3705:
3699:
3695:
3688:. Seoul ranked 2nd on the
3639:
3620:(indigenous religion) and
3616:. Other religions include
3365:Seoul is divided into 25 "
3351:List of districts of Seoul
3348:
3323:
3311:
3302:
2549:
2485:
2481:
2366:
2336:are popular for exercise.
2295:
2255:Satellite picture of Seoul
2182:Young people watching the
1961:Local Autonomy Act of 1949
1789:
1719:
1521:
1362:
1356:
1352:
1313:. On 18 January 2005, the
1066:
434:Seoul Metropolitan Council
36:
29:
16969:
16934:
16913:
16892:
16885:
16854:
16804:
16783:
16757:
16731:
16690:
16609:
16602:
16571:
16390:
16309:
16263:
16231:
16113:
16024:
15960:
15953:
15928:
15847:
15754:
15713:
15706:
15681:
15610:
15589:
15576:National Library of Korea
15553:
15522:
15481:
15408:
15236:
15225:
14958:
14511:
14445:
13838:
13766:
13282:Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
13030:
13016:
12999:
12641:
12635:most-populous urban areas
12595:also a provincial capital
12588:
12565:
12542:
12229:
12141:
12123:
12080:
12062:
11962:
11929:
11875:
11835:
11828:
11724:
11673:
11650:
11592:
11527:
11520:
11475:
11360:
11318:
11260:
11177:
11065:
11037:
10991:
10984:
10888:
10870:
10852:
10824:
10772:
10665:
10621:
10616:Articles related to Seoul
10577:
10566:
10490:
10405:
10396:
10324:
10316:
10277:
10268:
10262:
10254:
10245:
10237:
10227:
10218:
10215:
9720:"Namsangol Hanok Village"
9477:. Routledge. p. 59.
8820:"Fiery food, boring beer"
8081:(in French). Meteo Climat
7931:10.1007/s00704-009-0247-1
7790:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111359
7216:"Urban Planning of Seoul"
7039:정현수 (12 September 2021).
6902:Kyung Moon Hwang (2010).
5959:10.23158/jkaa.2019.v13_02
4968:Seoul is a member of the
4682:Seoul Metropolitan Subway
4658:and Sangbong Terminal in
4481:
4393:Seoul Street Art Festival
4373:Seoul Street Art Festival
4134:A panoramic view of Seoul
3994:Hwanghak-dong Flea Market
3869:, Orion, Maeil Holdings,
3678:Seoul National University
3669:Seoul is home to various
3656:Seoul National University
3565:
3462:—
3255:
3208:
3161:
3113:
3069:
3022:
2948:
2878:
2808:
2738:
2668:
2598:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2520:humid subtropical climate
2402:World Health Organization
2056:, in late September 1950.
1972:
1955:
1796:Korea under Japanese rule
1583:geographic embodiment of
1291:phonetically transcribing
887:in 2022, trailing behind
883:, emerged as the world's
881:Incheon Metropolitan City
842:
826:
816:
806:
790:
785:
769:
753:
737:
730:
714:
704:
694:
678:
668:
660:
650:
640:
627:
617:
597:
592:
582:
571:
563:
552:
544:
534:
523:
518:
510:
502:
494:
486:
475:
470:
457:
439:
425:
415:
410:
400:
390:
378:
366:
331:
315:
307:
299:
257:
148:
137:
129:Revised Romanisation
126:
111:
96:
91:
82:
76:
67:
58:
51:
15571:National Museum of Korea
13785:Abkhaz-Georgian conflict
12896:
12838:
12772:
12714:
11910:Seoul Nambu Bus Terminal
11306:
11297:
11288:
11279:
11270:
11248:
11239:
11230:
11221:
11212:
11203:
11194:
11185:
11165:
11156:
11147:
11138:
11129:
11120:
11111:
11102:
11093:
11084:
11075:
9997:
9781:"Seoul: 10 Things to Do"
9414:
9395:Wifi in All Public Areas
9244:PricewaterhouseCoopers.
9010:
8510:
7997:
7507:Air Quality Information.
6941:Young-Iob Chung (2006).
6150:
5378:
5353:Geography of South Korea
4907:opened in March 2001 in
4822:/ITX-Saemaeul/Mugunghwa)
4742:
4410:
4307:National Museum of Korea
4300:National Museum of Korea
4284:List of museums in Seoul
3853:(merged with Jinro) and
3642:Education in South Korea
3626:Yoido Full Gospel Church
3345:Administrative districts
2434:affecting Seoul in 2008.
2291:
1918:U.S. military government
1868:Second Sino-Japanese War
1297:world, Seoul was called
193:Korean National Assembly
37:Not to be confused with
18:Seoul, Republic of Korea
15943:ABU Radio Song Festival
15675:ABU Radio Song Festival
15602:Seoul World Cup Stadium
14502:Summer Paralympic Games
13451:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
12125:Special autonomous city
11893:Dong Seoul Bus Terminal
10977:Seoul Metropolitan Area
10716:Daejeon–Sejong–Chungnam
10601:Business District (YBD)
10595:Business District (GBD)
9750:"Bukchon Hanok Village"
9246:"Cities of Opportunity"
8738:Encyclopædia Britannica
7826:Official Website of the
7067:최현영 (3 December 2002).
6648:""고구려 수도 평양은 북한땅에 없었다""
6231:Encyclopædia Britannica
6049:Encyclopædia Britannica
4958:International relations
4714:province, and northern
4599:Transportation in Seoul
4575:Seoul World Cup Stadium
4391:49th General Assembly.
4319:Namsangol Hanok Village
3970:, is located in Seoul.
3859:Seoul Dairy Cooperative
3773:Dongdaemun Design Plaza
2440:Ministry of Environment
2165:Banpo apartment complex
1404:In July or August 553,
1025:Dongdaemun Design Plaza
962:Global Power City Index
926:, temporarily renamed "
909:South Korean government
498:38 m (125 ft)
11252:Incheon Airport Maglev
10971:Public transportation
10271:Capital of South Korea
10154:Quotations related to
10146:) at Wikimedia Commons
9660:"Seoul's best museums"
7578:Environmental Research
5562:
5257:, United States (2006)
5049:, United States (1976)
5036:, United States (1976)
4948:bicycle-sharing system
4917:eighth busiest airport
4913:fourth busiest airport
4871:Japanese Imperial Army
4863:
4754:
4677:
4646:
4630:
4499:
4439:
4380:
4302:
4197:
4167:
3963:
3903:
3871:Namyang Dairy Products
3807:information technology
3775:
3765:
3750:
3736:
3720:
3708:Economy of South Korea
3658:
3362:
3337:
2503:
2435:
2414:Air Quality Guidelines
2389:
2309:
2298:List of parks in Seoul
2256:
2186:
2096:
2070:Second Battle of Seoul
2057:
2024:
1949:), which later became
1912:
1808:
1776:Seoul Electric Company
1731:
1578:at the capital of old
1559:
1544:
1542:Fortress Wall of Seoul
1435:). The word Hanseong (
1047:. Seoul was named the
636:(Korean Standard Time)
503:Highest elevation
351:37.56000°N 126.99000°E
32:Seoul (disambiguation)
27:Capital of South Korea
15581:War Memorial of Korea
15554:Cultural institutions
15468:War Memorial of Korea
13563:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
13002:Dependent territories
12056:Cities in South Korea
11937:Incheon International
11189:Gyeongui–Jungang Line
10749:Busan–Ulsan–Gyeongnam
8416:. 11 September 2011.
7754:27 April 2017 at the
7632:26 April 2017 at the
7562:27 April 2017 at the
7512:10 April 2017 at the
7493:23 April 2018 at the
7471:19 April 2019 at the
7391:9 August 2018 at the
5805:"Samsung Electronics"
5552:
4859:
4812:Cheongnyangni station
4806:Yeongdeungpo District
4750:
4673:
4644:
4540:2016 K League Classic
4495:
4430:
4415:Further information:
4371:
4315:Bukchon Hanok Village
4297:
4192:
4164:Bukchon Hanok Village
4162:
4081:Cities of Opportunity
4071:South Korean robotics
3958:
3898:
3771:
3756:
3742:
3726:
3715:
3653:
3640:Further information:
3436:Historical population
3358:
3333:
2495:
2426:
2393:Atmospheric pollution
2376:
2305:
2254:
2243:headquartered there.
2223:companies, including
2181:
2090:
2074:Third Battle of Seoul
2066:First Battle of Seoul
2040:
1978:
1931:municipal corporation
1922:municipal corporation
1897:Commemoration of the
1896:
1803:
1729:
1550:
1539:
1522:Further information:
1218:Japanese colonization
978:2010 G20 Seoul summit
511:Lowest elevation
15922:ABU TV Song Festival
15696:ABU TV Song Festival
15561:Myeongdong Cathedral
14451:; Cancelled due to
13829:Summer Olympic Games
13474:United Arab Emirates
11554:Pyeongtaek-Paju (17)
11057:Suseo–Pyeongtaek HSR
10031:on 18 February 2023.
9962:Korea JoongAng Daily
9670:on 16 September 2014
9400:17 June 2011 at the
9288:on 16 December 2008.
9139:. 14 February 2013.
8928:Korea JoongAng Daily
8492:"Dongguk University"
8384:. 17 November 2017.
8297:. 14 February 2014.
8131:"Organization Chart"
7364:9 April 2017 at the
7279:on 14 September 2016
6678:"고대 평양은 지금의 평양이 아니다"
4893:although flights to
4802:Yeongdeungpo station
4497:Seoul Sports Complex
4417:Media of South Korea
4405:Ultra Music Festival
4311:National Folk Museum
3881:Business and finance
2599:Record high °C (°F)
2342:Seoullo 7017 Skypark
2206:1988 Summer Olympics
2157:Gangbyeon Expressway
1889:Contemporary history
1805:March First Movement
1506:In the 11th century
1394:in the 5th century.
1339:phono-semantic match
1173:era), and Hanseong (
1049:World Design Capital
974:1988 Summer Olympics
828:Revised Romanization
755:Revised Romanization
583: • Dialect
545: • Density
514:0 m (0 ft)
16264:1,000,000–1,999,999
13781:Status of Jerusalem
13557:Episkopi Cantonment
13310:Bandar Seri Begawan
12544:Administrative city
11949:Gimpo International
11564:Seoul-Yangyang (60)
11559:Sejong-Pocheon (29)
11067:Metropolitan Subway
10890:Metropolitan cities
9982:The Washington Post
9937:on 6 September 2015
9901:"ABU GA Seoul 2012"
9422:on 20 December 2017
9337:Akamai Technologies
9173:on 21 February 2014
9082:on 22 February 2014
9022:on 14 February 2016
8960:on 22 February 2014
8954:"Dongdaemun Market"
8800:on 21 February 2014
8236:. 14 February 2024.
8105:Doosan Encyclopedia
7923:2010ThApC.100..227L
7782:2019RSEnv.23311359L
7590:2015ER....140..684K
7538:on 6 September 2017
7414:. 12 October 2015.
7026:history.seoul.go.kr
6271:on 22 February 2014
6162:. 23 October 2005.
6129:stdict.korean.go.kr
5941:Ju, Bo Don (2019).
5869:3 July 2014 at the
5296:, Uzbekistan (2010)
5244:, Kazakhstan (2004)
4816:Dongdaemun District
4571:2002 FIFA World Cup
4504:South Korean sports
4476:The Washington Post
4352:Ilmin Museum of Art
4344:Seoul Museum of Art
4043:cinema screen, the
3671:specialized schools
3437:
3070:Average snowy days
2879:Record low °C (°F)
2739:Daily mean °C (°F)
2286:Seoul Fortress Wall
2210:2002 FIFA World Cup
2184:2002 FIFA World Cup
2145:Gyeongbu Expressway
1899:Liberation of Korea
1585:Korean Confucianism
1345:), Seoul is called
1264:liberation of Korea
982:2002 FIFA World Cup
682:Seoul fonts (Seoul
356:37.56000; 126.99000
347: /
17016:Seoul Capital Area
16232:2,000,000 and more
15933:ABU Song Festivals
15686:ABU Song Festivals
15633:Nambu Bus Terminal
12647:
12567:Provincial capital
12143:Big municipal city
11584:Yongin-Seoul (171)
11319:Under construction
10579:Business districts
9630:"Status of Museum"
9574:"About the Palace"
8200:on 19 January 2020
8111:on 22 January 2013
8033:on 7 December 2016
7977:on 29 January 2022
7440:. 3 October 2018.
7069:"서울특별시, 광역시로 변경해야"
6905:A History of Korea
6191:goodcharacters.com
6185:Characters, Good.
5689:Seoul Capital Area
5317:South Korea portal
5127:, Australia (1991)
5088:, Indonesia (1984)
4864:
4755:
4678:
4647:
4563:1988 Olympic Games
4500:
4440:
4381:
4303:
4198:
4168:
3982:, named after the
3964:
3904:
3776:
3766:
3751:
3737:
3721:
3659:
3630:Dongguk University
3574:population density
3435:
3383:) (district). The
3363:
3360:Districts of Seoul
3338:
2536:East Asian monsoon
2504:
2436:
2390:
2326:Seoul Olympic Park
2310:
2257:
2221:Fortune Global 500
2187:
2135:After annexation,
2097:
2058:
1926:independent cities
1913:
1809:
1732:
1560:
1545:
1510:, which succeeded
1375:Settlement of the
1287:Chinese characters
873:Seoul Capital Area
865:Seoul Special City
786:Seoul Special City
623:(US$ 910 billion)
621:KR₩ 1,137 trillion
618: • Metro
487: • Metro
77:Seoul Special City
16993:
16992:
16987:
16986:
16980:Cities portal
16965:
16964:
16914:United States (2)
16850:
16849:
16531:
16530:
16184:
16183:
16109:
16108:
15888:
15887:
15843:
15842:
15641:
15640:
15367:
15366:
14917:
14916:
14912:
14911:
14463:
14462:
14457:COVID-19 pandemic
14447:Cancelled due to
13795:
13794:
13761:
13760:
13195:Camp Thunder Cove
12958:
12957:
12953:
12952:
12600:
12599:
12082:Metropolitan city
12022:
12021:
11925:
11924:
11824:
11823:
11674:Urban expressways
11516:
11515:
11422:Dongtan–Indeogwon
11207:Suin–Bundang Line
11178:Suburban railways
10931:
10930:
10817:
10787:South Chungcheong
10782:North Chungcheong
10608:
10607:
10564:
10563:
10285:
10284:
10278:Succeeded by
10255:Succeeded by
10228:Succeeded by
10221:Capital of Baekje
10216:Preceded by
10138:Media related to
10045:. 18 March 2016.
9779:Veale, Jennifer.
9606:. 30 April 2013.
9108:on 8 October 2010
9102:"Antique Markets"
8170:on 10 August 2011
7828:. 16 January 2024
7702:SDG Knowledge Hub
7677:SDG Knowledge Hub
7357:Lee, Hyun-jeong.
6155:로...중국, 곧 정식 사용키로
5785:on 19 August 2016
5775:"Seoul's symbols"
5499:Seoul Teukbyeolsi
5486:Korean:
5283:, Thailand (2006)
5179:, Mongolia (1995)
5075:, Colombia (1982)
4887:Shanghai Hongqiao
4772:: Gyeongbu line (
4733:NeoTrans Co. Ltd.
4723:lines are run by
4708:Gyeonggi province
4660:Jungnang District
4656:Gwangjin District
4553:Seoul hosted the
4524:Lucky-Goldstar FC
4383:In October 2012,
4206:Gangdong District
4110:, which provides
3968:Dongdaemun Market
3951:Shopping in Seoul
3906:According to the
3748:Lotte World Tower
3682:Yonsei University
3570:
3569:
3399:is divided into "
3316:
3315:
3258:ultraviolet index
3211:possible sunshine
3116:relative humidity
2532:urban heat island
2508:humid continental
2011:Yang Doung Po Koo
1995:Tong Tai Moon Koo
1935:special free city
1813:annexation treaty
1769:the imperial city
1562:Seoul became the
1365:Timeline of Seoul
1216:Under subsequent
1103:, the capital of
1021:Lotte World Tower
997:Hwaseong Fortress
877:Gyeonggi province
858:
857:
844:McCune–Reischauer
835:Seoul Teukbyeolsi
771:McCune–Reischauer
726:
725:
535: • Rank
460:National Assembly
426: • Body
416: • Type
373:Republic of Korea
213:Lotte World Tower
140:McCune–Reischauer
133:Seoul-Teukbyeolsi
16:(Redirected from
17028:
17011:Capitals in Asia
16978:
16977:
16976:
16890:
16889:
16822:Ho Chi Minh City
16607:
16606:
16558:
16551:
16544:
16535:
16534:
16223:
16222:
16211:
16204:
16197:
16188:
16187:
15958:
15957:
15915:
15908:
15901:
15892:
15891:
15711:
15710:
15668:
15661:
15654:
15645:
15644:
15509:Namdaemun Market
15394:
15387:
15380:
15371:
15370:
15231:
14944:
14937:
14930:
14921:
14920:
14900:
14899:
14880:
14879:
14860:
14859:
14842:
14841:
14824:
14823:
14800:
14799:
14782:
14781:
14764:
14763:
14746:
14745:
14722:
14721:
14704:
14703:
14693:
14692:
14675:
14674:
14659:Stoke Mandeville
14657:
14656:
14646:
14645:
14628:
14627:
14604:
14603:
14586:
14585:
14568:
14567:
14550:
14549:
14532:
14531:
14514:
14513:
14500:
14490:
14483:
14476:
14467:
14466:
14433:
14432:
14415:
14414:
14398:
14397:
14382:
14381:
14364:
14363:
14348:
14347:
14330:
14329:
14314:
14313:
14296:
14295:
14278:
14277:
14260:
14259:
14242:
14241:
14226:
14225:
14208:
14207:
14190:
14189:
14172:
14171:
14154:
14153:
14136:
14135:
14118:
14117:
14100:
14099:
14082:
14081:
14066:
14065:
14026:
14025:
14008:
14007:
13990:
13989:
13974:
13973:
13956:
13955:
13927:
13926:
13909:
13908:
13891:
13890:
13873:
13872:
13855:
13854:
13822:
13815:
13808:
13799:
13798:
13349:Christmas Island
13343:Flying Fish Cove
13019:
13018:
12985:
12978:
12971:
12962:
12961:
12804:Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto
12799:Ho Chi Minh City
12644:
12643:
12627:
12620:
12613:
12604:
12603:
12049:
12042:
12035:
12026:
12025:
12015:
12003:
11918:
11906:
11868:
11856:
11833:
11832:
11766:
11744:
11569:Seoul Ring (100)
11544:
11525:
11524:
11447:
11437:
11427:
11415:
11404:
11393:
11382:
11353:
11342:
11332:
11307:
11298:
11289:
11280:
11271:
11249:
11240:
11234:Shinbundang Line
11231:
11222:
11213:
11204:
11195:
11186:
11166:
11157:
11148:
11139:
11130:
11121:
11112:
11103:
11094:
11085:
11076:
10989:
10988:
10978:
10972:
10968:
10958:
10951:
10944:
10935:
10934:
10811:
10802:South Gyeongsang
10797:North Gyeongsang
10758:
10756:Southeastern MIR
10751:
10744:
10725:
10718:
10704:
10697:
10683:
10648:
10641:
10634:
10625:
10624:
10612:
10611:
10572:
10403:
10402:
10311:
10304:
10297:
10288:
10287:
10263:Preceded by
10248:Capital of Korea
10238:Preceded by
10213:
10212:
10196:
10193:
10186:
10183:
10181:Official website
10165:
10153:
10137:
10123:
10107:
10106:
10104:
10102:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10057:
10051:
10050:
10039:
10033:
10032:
10027:. Archived from
10021:
10015:
10014:
10012:
10010:
9993:
9987:
9986:
9973:
9967:
9966:
9953:
9947:
9946:
9944:
9942:
9933:. Archived from
9923:
9917:
9916:
9914:
9912:
9897:
9891:
9890:
9888:
9886:
9871:
9865:
9864:
9862:
9860:
9841:
9835:
9834:
9832:
9830:
9811:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9800:
9776:
9770:
9769:
9767:
9765:
9746:
9740:
9739:
9737:
9735:
9716:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9705:
9686:
9680:
9679:
9677:
9675:
9656:
9650:
9649:
9647:
9645:
9626:
9620:
9619:
9617:
9615:
9604:The Korea Herald
9596:
9590:
9589:
9587:
9585:
9570:
9564:
9563:
9561:
9559:
9540:
9534:
9533:
9531:
9529:
9507:
9501:
9500:
9498:
9496:
9468:
9462:
9461:
9459:
9457:
9438:
9432:
9431:
9429:
9427:
9418:. Archived from
9410:
9404:
9392:
9386:
9385:
9383:
9381:
9372:. Archived from
9362:
9356:
9355:
9353:
9351:
9345:
9334:
9326:
9320:
9319:
9317:
9315:
9296:
9290:
9289:
9274:
9268:
9267:
9265:
9263:
9257:
9250:
9241:
9235:
9234:
9232:
9230:
9221:. 12 July 2017.
9215:
9209:
9208:
9206:
9204:
9189:
9183:
9182:
9180:
9178:
9159:
9153:
9152:
9150:
9148:
9127:
9118:
9117:
9115:
9113:
9098:
9092:
9091:
9089:
9087:
9078:. Archived from
9068:
9062:
9061:
9059:
9057:
9038:
9032:
9031:
9029:
9027:
9018:. Archived from
9006:
9000:
8999:
8997:
8995:
8976:
8970:
8969:
8967:
8965:
8950:
8944:
8943:
8941:
8939:
8920:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8909:
8891:
8885:
8884:
8882:
8880:
8873:pearsonkorea.com
8865:
8859:
8858:
8857:. 21 March 2024.
8854:The Korea Herald
8845:
8836:
8835:
8833:
8831:
8816:
8810:
8809:
8807:
8805:
8786:
8780:
8779:
8777:
8775:
8760:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8749:
8734:"Seoul: Economy"
8730:
8721:
8720:
8718:
8716:
8710:
8699:
8691:
8685:
8684:
8682:
8680:
8675:on 23 March 2014
8674:
8667:
8659:
8653:
8652:
8650:
8648:
8642:
8636:. Archived from
8631:
8623:
8617:
8616:
8597:
8591:
8590:
8588:
8586:
8580:
8569:
8560:
8554:
8553:
8551:
8549:
8534:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8523:
8506:
8500:
8499:
8488:
8482:
8481:
8479:
8477:
8462:
8456:
8455:
8453:
8451:
8436:
8430:
8429:
8427:
8425:
8404:
8398:
8397:
8395:
8393:
8378:
8372:
8371:
8369:
8367:
8348:
8342:
8341:
8339:
8337:
8317:
8311:
8310:
8308:
8306:
8287:
8278:
8277:
8275:
8273:
8263:
8244:
8238:
8237:
8230:
8224:
8223:
8216:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8205:
8196:. Archived from
8186:
8180:
8179:
8177:
8175:
8166:. Archived from
8156:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8127:
8121:
8120:
8118:
8116:
8107:. Archived from
8097:
8091:
8090:
8088:
8086:
8075:
8069:
8068:
8066:
8064:
8059:. Yu Media Group
8049:
8043:
8042:
8040:
8038:
8032:
8025:
8017:
8011:
8010:
8008:
8006:
7993:
7987:
7986:
7984:
7982:
7976:
7969:
7961:
7955:
7954:
7952:
7950:
7917:(1–2): 227–237.
7902:
7896:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7874:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7863:
7844:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7818:
7812:
7808:
7802:
7801:
7765:
7759:
7745:
7739:
7738:
7736:
7734:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7694:
7688:
7687:
7685:
7683:
7669:
7663:
7662:
7660:
7658:
7653:. 8 January 2024
7643:
7637:
7624:
7618:
7617:
7573:
7567:
7554:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7543:
7534:. Archived from
7523:
7517:
7504:
7498:
7485:
7476:
7463:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7449:
7434:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7423:
7402:
7396:
7382:
7373:
7355:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7344:
7335:. 23 July 2012.
7325:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7295:
7289:
7288:
7286:
7284:
7278:
7272:. Archived from
7271:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7245:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7234:
7220:
7212:
7206:
7205:
7192:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7181:
7153:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7139:
7120:
7114:
7113:
7111:
7109:
7090:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7079:
7064:
7058:
7057:
7054:
7036:
7030:
7029:
7018:
7007:
7006:
7004:
7002:
6971:
6965:
6964:
6948:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6899:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6888:
6882:
6871:
6862:
6856:
6855:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6800:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6789:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6757:
6736:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6725:
6704:
6698:
6697:
6695:
6693:
6674:
6668:
6667:
6665:
6663:
6644:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6633:
6612:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6580:
6574:
6573:
6571:
6569:
6548:
6542:
6541:
6539:
6537:
6516:
6510:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6484:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6473:
6452:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6441:
6420:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6409:
6388:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6356:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6321:
6312:
6311:
6293:History Of Korea
6287:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6267:. Archived from
6257:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6222:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6202:
6182:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6171:
6146:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6135:
6121:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6110:
6082:
6076:
6075:
6062:
6060:
6040:
6034:
6016:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6005:
5984:
5971:
5970:
5938:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5910:
5904:
5903:
5901:
5899:
5880:
5874:
5861:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5850:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5801:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5790:
5781:. Archived from
5771:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5760:
5745:
5739:
5738:
5735:www.kostat.go.kr
5731:"2022년 지역소득(잠정)"
5727:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5716:
5697:
5691:
5686:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5675:
5656:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5603:. 5 April 2023.
5593:
5576:
5569:
5563:
5560:
5549:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5534:
5528:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5509:
5503:
5501:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5484:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5467:
5464:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5452:
5450:[sʰʌ.uɭ]
5447:
5443:
5442:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5418:
5415:
5406:
5400:
5397:toponomy section
5389:
5373:Economy of Seoul
5347:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5333:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5319:
5314:
5313:
5312:
5292:
5291:
5279:
5278:
5266:
5265:
5255:Washington, D.C.
5253:
5252:
5240:
5239:
5227:
5226:
5214:
5213:
5201:
5200:
5192:, Vietnam (1996)
5188:
5187:
5175:
5174:
5162:
5161:
5149:
5148:
5136:
5135:
5123:
5122:
5110:
5109:
5097:
5096:
5084:
5083:
5071:
5070:
5058:
5057:
5045:
5044:
5032:
5031:
5019:
5018:
5006:
5005:
4830:Gangnam District
4796:Yongsan District
4770:Yongsan District
4567:Paralympic Games
4557:, also known as
4555:1986 Asian Games
4434:headquarters in
4340:Seodaemun Prison
4265:
4264:
4260:
4246:Mongchon Toseong
4127:
4060:Ilyang Logistics
4006:Gangnam district
3980:Namdaemun Market
3913:Seoul has three
3855:Oriental Brewery
3702:Economy of Seoul
3686:Korea University
3451:
3446:
3438:
3434:
3426:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3409:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3026:
2547:
2546:
2488:Climate of Seoul
2474:In January 2024
2449:nitrogen dioxide
2411:
2202:1986 Asian Games
2143:(1966–1969) and
2103:from the 1960s,
2093:Namsan cable car
2078:Operation Ripper
2050:battle for Seoul
2030:, marked by the
2022:
1991:Sur Tai Moon Koo
1975:
1974:
1969:
1958:
1957:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1862:and present-day
1853:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1695:Four Great Gates
1692:
1691:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1608:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1412:
1359:History of Seoul
1332:
1328:
1308:
1304:
1295:Chinese-speaking
1249:
1248:
1239:
1238:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1157:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1133:era), Namcheon (
1124:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1082:
1081:
993:Changdeok Palace
970:1986 Asian Games
854:
852:
838:
836:
821:
820:
819:
818:
801:
800:
781:
779:
765:
763:
748:
747:
728:
727:
722:
362:
361:
359:
358:
357:
352:
348:
345:
344:
343:
340:
325:
324:Show South Korea
320:
302:"Seoul, my soul"
289:
275:
265:
239:
223:
205:
189:
175:
162:Skyline of Seoul
158:
122:
121:
107:
106:
87:
86:
85:
84:
62:
61:
60:
49:
48:
21:
17036:
17035:
17031:
17030:
17029:
17027:
17026:
17025:
16996:
16995:
16994:
16989:
16988:
16983:
16974:
16972:
16961:
16930:
16909:
16881:
16846:
16800:
16779:
16753:
16727:
16686:
16598:
16567:
16562:
16532:
16527:
16391:200,000–499,999
16386:
16310:500,000–999,999
16305:
16259:
16227:
16217:
16215:
16185:
16180:
16105:
16020:
15949:
15924:
15919:
15889:
15884:
15839:
15750:
15702:
15677:
15672:
15642:
15637:
15628:Yongsan Station
15606:
15585:
15549:
15518:
15477:
15410:
15404:
15398:
15368:
15363:
15232:
15223:
14954:
14950:Host cities of
14948:
14918:
14913:
14908:
14894:
14874:
14854:
14836:
14818:
14806:
14794:
14776:
14758:
14740:
14728:
14716:
14698:
14687:
14669:
14651:
14640:
14622:
14610:
14598:
14580:
14562:
14544:
14526:
14507:
14494:
14464:
14459:
14441:
14440:
14427:
14409:
14392:
14376:
14358:
14342:
14324:
14308:
14290:
14272:
14254:
14236:
14220:
14202:
14184:
14166:
14148:
14130:
14112:
14094:
14076:
14060:
14020:
14002:
13984:
13968:
13950:
13921:
13903:
13885:
13867:
13849:
13834:
13826:
13796:
13791:
13771:Disputed. See:
13762:
13757:
13645:Northern Cyprus
13609:
13461:
13302:
13187:
13173:
13098:
13012:
12995:
12989:
12959:
12954:
12949:
12948:
12891:
12890:
12833:
12832:
12767:
12766:
12709:
12708:
12637:
12631:
12601:
12596:
12584:
12561:
12538:
12225:
12137:
12119:
12076:
12058:
12053:
12023:
12018:
12009:
11997:
11985:KTX Family Card
11958:
11921:
11912:
11900:
11876:Major terminals
11871:
11862:
11850:
11820:
11720:
11669:
11646:
11588:
11512:
11471:
11445:
11442:Gangbukhoengdan
11435:
11425:
11413:
11402:
11391:
11380:
11369:Seoul LRT lines
11356:
11351:
11340:
11330:
11314:
11305:
11296:
11287:
11278:
11269:
11256:
11247:
11238:
11229:
11220:
11216:Gyeonggang Line
11211:
11202:
11198:Gyeongchun Line
11193:
11184:
11173:
11164:
11155:
11146:
11137:
11128:
11119:
11110:
11101:
11092:
11083:
11074:
11061:
11039:High-speed rail
11033:
10980:
10976:
10970:
10962:
10932:
10927:
10884:
10866:
10848:
10820:
10768:
10754:
10747:
10742:Daegu–Gyeongbuk
10740:
10721:
10714:
10700:
10693:
10679:
10661:
10652:
10617:
10609:
10604:
10573:
10560:
10486:
10392:
10320:
10315:
10281:
10274:
10266:
10258:
10251:
10243:
10233:
10225:18 BC – 475 AD
10224:
10203:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10179:
10176:
10116:
10111:
10110:
10100:
10098:
10089:
10088:
10084:
10074:
10072:
10059:
10058:
10054:
10041:
10040:
10036:
10023:
10022:
10018:
10008:
10006:
9999:
9995:
9994:
9990:
9985:. 12 July 2021.
9975:
9974:
9970:
9955:
9954:
9950:
9940:
9938:
9925:
9924:
9920:
9910:
9908:
9907:on 3 March 2013
9899:
9898:
9894:
9884:
9882:
9873:
9872:
9868:
9858:
9856:
9843:
9842:
9838:
9828:
9826:
9813:
9812:
9808:
9798:
9796:
9777:
9773:
9763:
9761:
9748:
9747:
9743:
9733:
9731:
9718:
9717:
9713:
9703:
9701:
9688:
9687:
9683:
9673:
9671:
9658:
9657:
9653:
9643:
9641:
9628:
9627:
9623:
9613:
9611:
9598:
9597:
9593:
9583:
9581:
9580:on 14 June 2008
9572:
9571:
9567:
9557:
9555:
9542:
9541:
9537:
9527:
9525:
9517:The Korea Times
9508:
9504:
9494:
9492:
9485:
9469:
9465:
9455:
9453:
9440:
9439:
9435:
9425:
9423:
9416:
9412:
9411:
9407:
9402:Wayback Machine
9393:
9389:
9379:
9377:
9376:on 10 July 2012
9364:
9363:
9359:
9349:
9347:
9343:
9332:
9328:
9327:
9323:
9313:
9311:
9298:
9297:
9293:
9276:
9275:
9271:
9261:
9259:
9255:
9248:
9242:
9238:
9228:
9226:
9217:
9216:
9212:
9202:
9200:
9191:
9190:
9186:
9176:
9174:
9161:
9160:
9156:
9146:
9144:
9136:The Korea Times
9129:
9128:
9121:
9111:
9109:
9100:
9099:
9095:
9085:
9083:
9070:
9069:
9065:
9055:
9053:
9040:
9039:
9035:
9025:
9023:
9016:Visit Seoul Net
9012:
9008:
9007:
9003:
8993:
8991:
8978:
8977:
8973:
8963:
8961:
8952:
8951:
8947:
8937:
8935:
8922:
8921:
8917:
8907:
8905:
8901:The Korea Times
8892:
8888:
8878:
8876:
8867:
8866:
8862:
8847:
8846:
8839:
8829:
8827:
8818:
8817:
8813:
8803:
8801:
8788:
8787:
8783:
8773:
8771:
8762:
8761:
8757:
8747:
8745:
8732:
8731:
8724:
8714:
8712:
8708:
8697:
8693:
8692:
8688:
8678:
8676:
8672:
8665:
8661:
8660:
8656:
8646:
8644:
8643:on 24 June 2008
8640:
8629:
8625:
8624:
8620:
8613:
8599:
8598:
8594:
8584:
8582:
8578:
8567:
8563:Yim, Seok-hui.
8561:
8557:
8547:
8545:
8536:
8535:
8531:
8521:
8519:
8512:
8508:
8507:
8503:
8490:
8489:
8485:
8475:
8473:
8464:
8463:
8459:
8449:
8447:
8438:
8437:
8433:
8423:
8421:
8413:The Korea Times
8406:
8405:
8401:
8391:
8389:
8380:
8379:
8375:
8365:
8363:
8350:
8349:
8345:
8335:
8333:
8319:
8318:
8314:
8304:
8302:
8295:The Chosun Ilbo
8289:
8288:
8281:
8271:
8269:
8246:
8245:
8241:
8232:
8231:
8227:
8218:
8217:
8213:
8203:
8201:
8188:
8187:
8183:
8173:
8171:
8158:
8157:
8150:
8140:
8138:
8129:
8128:
8124:
8114:
8112:
8099:
8098:
8094:
8084:
8082:
8079:"Station Seoul"
8077:
8076:
8072:
8062:
8060:
8051:
8050:
8046:
8036:
8034:
8030:
8023:
8019:
8018:
8014:
8004:
8002:
7999:
7995:
7994:
7990:
7980:
7978:
7974:
7967:
7963:
7962:
7958:
7948:
7946:
7903:
7899:
7890:
7888:
7875:
7871:
7861:
7859:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7831:
7829:
7820:
7819:
7815:
7809:
7805:
7766:
7762:
7756:Wayback Machine
7746:
7742:
7732:
7730:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7696:
7695:
7691:
7681:
7679:
7671:
7670:
7666:
7656:
7654:
7645:
7644:
7640:
7634:Wayback Machine
7625:
7621:
7574:
7570:
7564:Wayback Machine
7555:
7551:
7541:
7539:
7524:
7520:
7514:Wayback Machine
7505:
7501:
7495:Wayback Machine
7486:
7479:
7473:Wayback Machine
7464:
7457:
7447:
7445:
7436:
7435:
7431:
7421:
7419:
7404:
7403:
7399:
7393:Wayback Machine
7383:
7376:
7366:Wayback Machine
7356:
7352:
7342:
7340:
7327:
7326:
7322:
7312:
7310:
7297:
7296:
7292:
7282:
7280:
7276:
7269:
7265:
7264:
7260:
7247:
7246:
7242:
7232:
7230:
7218:
7214:
7213:
7209:
7194:
7193:
7189:
7179:
7177:
7170:
7154:
7147:
7137:
7135:
7122:
7121:
7117:
7107:
7105:
7092:
7091:
7087:
7077:
7075:
7065:
7061:
7048:
7037:
7033:
7020:
7019:
7010:
7000:
6998:
6991:
6972:
6968:
6961:
6939:
6935:
6925:
6923:
6916:
6900:
6896:
6886:
6884:
6880:
6869:
6865:Nam Moon Hyon.
6863:
6859:
6852:
6832:
6828:
6821:
6801:
6797:
6787:
6785:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6755:
6753:
6738:
6737:
6733:
6723:
6721:
6706:
6705:
6701:
6691:
6689:
6676:
6675:
6671:
6661:
6659:
6646:
6645:
6641:
6631:
6629:
6614:
6613:
6609:
6599:
6597:
6582:
6581:
6577:
6567:
6565:
6550:
6549:
6545:
6535:
6533:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6503:
6501:
6486:
6485:
6481:
6471:
6469:
6454:
6453:
6449:
6439:
6437:
6422:
6421:
6417:
6407:
6405:
6390:
6389:
6385:
6375:
6373:
6358:
6357:
6350:
6340:
6338:
6323:
6322:
6315:
6304:
6288:
6284:
6274:
6272:
6259:
6258:
6251:
6241:
6239:
6224:
6223:
6210:
6200:
6198:
6183:
6179:
6169:
6167:
6156:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6133:
6131:
6125:"국립국어원 표준국어대사전"
6123:
6122:
6118:
6108:
6106:
6099:
6083:
6079:
6058:
6056:
6041:
6037:
6017:
6013:
6003:
6001:
5986:
5985:
5974:
5939:
5935:
5925:
5923:
5911:
5907:
5897:
5895:
5882:
5881:
5877:
5873:. Joel Fischer.
5871:Wayback Machine
5862:
5858:
5848:
5846:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5818:
5816:
5803:
5802:
5798:
5788:
5786:
5773:
5772:
5768:
5758:
5756:
5747:
5746:
5742:
5729:
5728:
5724:
5714:
5712:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5687:
5683:
5673:
5671:
5658:
5657:
5650:
5640:
5638:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5610:
5608:
5595:
5594:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5579:
5573:Yeongdeungpo-gu
5570:
5566:
5561:
5558:
5550:
5546:
5529:
5525:
5510:
5506:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5454:
5453:
5445:
5429:
5412:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5390:
5386:
5381:
5343:
5338:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5322:
5315:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5300:
5299:
5286:
5273:
5270:, Greece (2006)
5260:
5247:
5234:
5221:
5208:
5205:, Poland (1996)
5195:
5182:
5169:
5156:
5153:, Mexico (1992)
5143:
5140:, France (1991)
5130:
5125:New South Wales
5117:
5114:, Russia (1991)
5104:
5091:
5078:
5065:
5062:, Brazil (1977)
5052:
5039:
5026:
5023:, Turkey (1971)
5013:
5010:, Taiwan (1968)
5000:
4988:
4982:
4966:
4960:
4940:
4899:Beijing Capital
4891:Beijing Capital
4883:Taipei Songshan
4843:
4792:Yongsan station
4745:
4684:
4668:
4652:Seocho District
4639:
4633:
4601:
4595:
4548:2016 KBO League
4490:
4488:Sports in Seoul
4484:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4377:Seoul City Hall
4366:
4360:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4238:Pungnap Toseong
4217:Changgyeonggung
4157:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4128:
4104:high-speed rail
4073:
4067:
4062:
3953:
3947:
3893:
3883:
3803:
3797:
3762:Gangnam station
3719:Commercial Area
3710:
3704:
3698:
3648:
3638:
3606:
3433:
3353:
3347:
3335:Seoul City Hall
3328:
3322:
3317:
3024:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
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2898:
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2873:
2868:
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2708:
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2698:
2693:
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2638:
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2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2490:
2484:
2472:
2409:
2395:
2371:
2365:
2330:Songpa District
2300:
2294:
2249:
2023:
2017:
1963:
1891:
1872:Yeongdeungpo-gu
1840:Outer old Seoul
1798:
1790:Main articles:
1788:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1724:
1718:
1602:
1564:planned capital
1534:
1520:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1355:
1224:was renamed as
1189:era). The word
1073:Traditionally,
1071:
1065:
989:Bukhan Mountain
924:Japanese Empire
875:, encompassing
851:Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi
850:
834:
822:
802:
777:
761:
749:
718:
622:
608:
432:
395:Taejo of Joseon
355:
353:
349:
346:
341:
338:
336:
334:
333:
327:
326:
323:
321:
318:
303:
300:Motto(s):
295:
294:
293:
292:
281:
280:
279:
278:
269:
268:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
243:Seongsan Bridge
240:
231:
230:
229:
224:
216:
215:
206:
197:
196:
195:
190:
182:
181:
176:
167:
166:
165:
159:
144:Sŏul-T'ŭkpyŏlsi
80:
79:
78:
72:
63:
56:
54:
47:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
17034:
17024:
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16908:
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16900:Rio de Janeiro
16896:
16894:
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16882:
16880:
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16869:
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15620:
15614:
15612:
15611:Transportation
15608:
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15520:
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15511:
15506:
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15496:
15491:
15489:Cheonggyecheon
15485:
15483:
15479:
15478:
15476:
15475:
15470:
15465:
15460:
15455:
15450:
15445:
15440:
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15430:
15425:
15420:
15414:
15412:
15411:and structures
15406:
15405:
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15396:
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15364:
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15348:
15335:
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14915:
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14828:
14826:Rio de Janeiro
14809:
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14418:
14400:
14384:
14368:
14366:Rio de Janeiro
14350:
14334:
14316:
14300:
14282:
14264:
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13994:
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13859:
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13835:
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13817:
13810:
13802:
13793:
13792:
13777:Cyprus dispute
13767:
13764:
13763:
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13706:
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13094:
13093:
13092:
13081:
13070:
13059:
13048:
13036:
13033:
13032:
13029:
13028:Southeast Asia
13026:
13023:
13017:
13014:
13013:
13000:
12997:
12996:
12988:
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12973:
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12906:
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12894:
12892:
12889:
12888:
12883:
12878:
12873:
12868:
12863:
12858:
12853:
12851:Rio de Janeiro
12848:
12843:
12837:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12830:
12821:
12816:
12811:
12806:
12801:
12796:
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12777:
12771:
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12759:
12754:
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12506:
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12371:
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12281:
12276:
12271:
12266:
12261:
12256:
12251:
12246:
12241:
12235:
12233:
12231:Municipal city
12227:
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12020:
12019:
12017:
12016:
12004:
11992:
11987:
11982:
11977:
11972:
11966:
11964:
11963:Related topics
11960:
11959:
11957:
11956:
11954:Seoul Air Base
11951:
11946:
11945:
11944:
11933:
11931:
11927:
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11609:
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11598:
11596:
11594:National roads
11590:
11589:
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11576:
11574:Gyeongin (120)
11571:
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11303:
11301:Gimpo Goldline
11294:
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11172:
11171:
11169:Incheon Line 2
11162:
11160:Incheon Line 1
11153:
11144:
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10590:
10587:Downtown Seoul
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10187:
10175:
10174:Official sites
10172:
10171:
10170:
10159:
10147:
10131:
10115:
10114:External links
10112:
10109:
10108:
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10016:
9988:
9968:
9965:. 11 May 2021.
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9877:. ESCKAZ.com.
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8971:
8945:
8934:on 17 May 2014
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7689:
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7568:
7549:
7532:Seoul Solution
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6479:
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6383:
6348:
6313:
6302:
6282:
6249:
6208:
6177:
6141:
6116:
6097:
6077:
6035:
6019:Hendrick Hamel
6011:
5972:
5933:
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5875:
5856:
5826:
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5740:
5722:
5692:
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5564:
5556:
5544:
5523:
5504:
5479:
5401:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5334:
5320:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5284:
5271:
5258:
5245:
5232:
5231:, Italy (2000)
5219:
5218:, Egypt (1997)
5206:
5193:
5180:
5167:
5166:, China (1993)
5154:
5141:
5128:
5115:
5102:
5101:, Japan (1988)
5089:
5076:
5063:
5050:
5037:
5024:
5011:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4978:
4959:
4956:
4939:
4936:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4837:
4823:
4820:ITX-Cheongchun
4809:
4799:
4789:
4744:
4741:
4690:network of 21
4680:Main article:
4667:
4664:
4635:Main article:
4632:
4629:
4609:downtown Seoul
4597:Main article:
4594:
4593:Transportation
4591:
4486:Main article:
4483:
4480:
4472:New York Times
4412:
4409:
4359:
4356:
4282:Main article:
4279:
4276:
4233:World Heritage
4176:Cheonggyecheon
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4130:
4129:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4085:infrastructure
4066:
4063:
4053:Seoul Olympics
4016:areas and the
4014:Cheongdam-dong
4010:Apgujeong-dong
3998:Samcheong-dong
3984:Namdaemun Gate
3976:downtown Seoul
3949:Main article:
3946:
3943:
3935:Cheonggyecheon
3919:Downtown Seoul
3891:Korea Exchange
3882:
3879:
3863:Nongshim Group
3796:
3793:
3700:Main article:
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3164:sunshine hours
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2565:
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2486:Main article:
2483:
2480:
2471:
2468:
2394:
2391:
2364:
2361:
2338:Cheonggyecheon
2318:downtown Seoul
2307:Han River Park
2296:Main article:
2293:
2290:
2248:
2245:
2169:Apgujeong-dong
2052:, part of the
2015:
1890:
1887:
1807:in Seoul, 1919
1787:
1784:
1720:Main article:
1717:
1714:
1528:Downtown Seoul
1524:Joseon dynasty
1519:
1518:Joseon dynasty
1516:
1467:) not "gang" (
1388:Pungnaptoseong
1372:
1369:
1357:Main article:
1354:
1351:
1069:Names of Seoul
1067:Main article:
1064:
1061:
1005:Namhansanseong
1001:Jongmyo Shrine
871:. The broader
856:
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26:
9:
6:
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3:
2:
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16927:
16926:New York City
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16756:
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16736:
16734:
16732:Indonesia (3)
16730:
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16077:
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16009:
16006:
16004:
16001:
15999:
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15989:
15986:
15984:
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15979:
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15941:
15939:
15936:
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15911:
15909:
15904:
15902:
15897:
15896:
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15878:
15876:
15873:
15871:
15868:
15866:
15863:
15861:
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15846:
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15829:
15826:
15824:
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15808:
15805:
15803:
15800:
15797:
15794:
15791:
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15786:
15783:
15781:
15778:
15776:
15773:
15771:
15768:
15766:
15763:
15760:
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15709:
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15697:
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15692:
15689:
15688:
15687:
15684:
15683:
15680:
15676:
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15664:
15662:
15657:
15655:
15650:
15649:
15646:
15634:
15631:
15629:
15626:
15624:
15623:Gimpo Airport
15621:
15619:
15618:Seoul Station
15616:
15615:
15613:
15609:
15603:
15600:
15598:
15595:
15594:
15592:
15588:
15582:
15579:
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15487:
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15480:
15474:
15471:
15469:
15466:
15464:
15461:
15459:
15456:
15454:
15451:
15449:
15448:N Seoul Tower
15446:
15444:
15441:
15439:
15438:Gyeongbokgung
15436:
15434:
15431:
15429:
15426:
15424:
15423:Changdeokgung
15421:
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15416:
15415:
15413:
15407:
15402:
15395:
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14691:
14686:
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14680:
14678:
14673:
14668:
14666:
14662:
14660:
14655:
14649:
14648:New York City
14644:
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14141:
14139:
14134:
14129:
14127:
14123:
14121:
14116:
14111:
14109:
14105:
14103:
14098:
14093:
14091:
14087:
14085:
14080:
14075:
14073:
14069:
14064:
14059:
14057:
14053:
14051:
14048:
14046:
14042:
14040:
14037:
14035:
14031:
14029:
14024:
14019:
14017:
14013:
14011:
14006:
14001:
13999:
13995:
13993:
13988:
13983:
13981:
13977:
13972:
13967:
13965:
13961:
13959:
13954:
13949:
13947:
13943:
13941:
13938:
13936:
13932:
13930:
13925:
13920:
13918:
13914:
13912:
13907:
13902:
13900:
13896:
13894:
13889:
13884:
13882:
13878:
13876:
13871:
13866:
13864:
13860:
13858:
13853:
13848:
13846:
13842:
13841:
13837:
13833:
13830:
13823:
13818:
13816:
13811:
13809:
13804:
13803:
13800:
13790:
13786:
13782:
13778:
13774:
13770:
13765:
13754:
13750:
13749:
13745:
13743:
13740:
13739:
13738:South Ossetia
13734:
13733:
13729:
13727:
13723:
13722:
13718:
13716:
13712:
13711:
13707:
13705:
13702:
13701:
13696:
13695:
13691:
13689:
13685:
13684:
13680:
13678:
13674:
13673:
13669:
13667:
13663:
13662:
13657:
13656:
13652:
13650:
13647:
13646:
13641:
13640:
13639:North Nicosia
13636:
13634:
13630:
13629:
13625:
13623:
13619:
13618:
13614:
13613:
13611:
13606:
13602:
13601:
13597:
13595:
13591:
13590:
13586:
13584:
13581:
13577:
13576:
13572:
13569:
13565:
13564:
13559:
13558:
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13548:
13547:
13543:
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13537:
13536:
13532:
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13526:
13525:
13521:
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13515:
13514:
13510:
13508:
13504:
13503:
13499:
13497:
13493:
13492:
13488:
13486:
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13481:
13477:
13475:
13471:
13470:
13466:
13465:
13463:
13457:
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13447:
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13440:
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13424:
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13418:
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13413:
13411:
13407:
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13380:
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13351:
13350:
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13340:
13338:
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13333:
13329:
13327:
13323:
13322:
13318:
13316:
13312:
13311:
13307:
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13299:
13295:
13294:
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13288:
13284:
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13279:
13277:
13273:
13272:
13268:
13266:
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13224:
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13218:
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13213:
13211:
13207:
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13115:
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13076:
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13071:
13069:
13065:
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13043:
13042:
13038:
13037:
13035:
13034:
13027:
13024:
13021:
13020:
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13007:
13003:
12998:
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12942:
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12907:
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12902:
12900:
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12877:
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12864:
12862:
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12849:
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12842:
12839:
12835:
12829:
12825:
12822:
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12817:
12815:
12812:
12810:
12807:
12805:
12802:
12800:
12797:
12795:
12792:
12790:
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12609:
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12594:
12593:
12587:
12581:
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12570:
12568:
12564:
12558:
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12550:
12549:
12547:
12545:
12541:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12490:
12487:
12485:
12482:
12480:
12477:
12475:
12472:
12470:
12467:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12457:
12455:
12452:
12450:
12447:
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12440:
12437:
12435:
12432:
12430:
12427:
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12422:
12420:
12417:
12415:
12412:
12410:
12407:
12405:
12402:
12400:
12397:
12395:
12392:
12390:
12387:
12385:
12382:
12380:
12377:
12375:
12372:
12370:
12367:
12365:
12362:
12360:
12357:
12355:
12352:
12350:
12347:
12345:
12342:
12340:
12337:
12335:
12332:
12330:
12327:
12325:
12322:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12310:
12307:
12305:
12302:
12300:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12287:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12270:
12267:
12265:
12262:
12260:
12257:
12255:
12252:
12250:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12240:
12237:
12236:
12234:
12232:
12228:
12222:
12219:
12217:
12214:
12212:
12209:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12194:
12192:
12189:
12187:
12184:
12182:
12179:
12177:
12174:
12172:
12169:
12167:
12164:
12162:
12159:
12157:
12154:
12152:
12149:
12148:
12146:
12144:
12140:
12134:
12131:
12130:
12128:
12126:
12122:
12116:
12113:
12111:
12108:
12106:
12103:
12101:
12098:
12096:
12093:
12091:
12088:
12087:
12085:
12083:
12079:
12073:
12070:
12069:
12067:
12065:
12061:
12057:
12050:
12045:
12043:
12038:
12036:
12031:
12030:
12027:
12013:
12008:
12005:
12001:
11996:
11993:
11991:
11988:
11986:
11983:
11981:
11978:
11976:
11973:
11971:
11968:
11967:
11965:
11961:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11943:
11940:
11939:
11938:
11935:
11934:
11932:
11928:
11916:
11911:
11908:
11904:
11899:
11896:
11894:
11891:
11889:
11886:
11884:
11881:
11880:
11878:
11874:
11866:
11861:
11858:
11854:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11840:
11838:
11834:
11831:
11827:
11817:
11814:
11812:
11809:
11807:
11804:
11802:
11799:
11797:
11794:
11792:
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11787:
11784:
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11774:
11772:
11769:
11765:
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11757:
11755:
11752:
11750:
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11738:
11735:
11733:
11730:
11729:
11727:
11723:
11717:
11714:
11712:
11709:
11707:
11704:
11702:
11699:
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11694:
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11689:
11687:
11684:
11682:
11679:
11678:
11676:
11672:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11657:
11655:
11653:
11649:
11643:
11640:
11638:
11635:
11633:
11630:
11628:
11625:
11623:
11620:
11618:
11615:
11613:
11610:
11608:
11605:
11603:
11600:
11599:
11597:
11595:
11591:
11585:
11582:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11570:
11567:
11565:
11562:
11560:
11557:
11555:
11552:
11550:
11549:Seohaean (15)
11547:
11543:
11538:
11535:
11534:
11532:
11530:
11526:
11523:
11519:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11501:
11499:
11498:Cheongnyangni
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11484:
11481:
11480:
11478:
11476:Main stations
11474:
11468:
11467:
11463:
11461:
11460:
11456:
11454:
11453:
11449:
11444:
11443:
11439:
11434:
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11412:
11410:
11406:
11401:
11399:
11395:
11390:
11388:
11384:
11379:
11377:
11373:
11372:
11371:
11370:
11366:
11365:
11363:
11359:
11350:
11348:
11344:
11339:
11338:
11334:
11329:
11328:
11324:
11323:
11321:
11317:
11311:
11304:
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11295:
11293:
11286:
11284:
11277:
11275:
11268:
11267:
11265:
11263:
11259:
11253:
11246:
11244:
11237:
11235:
11228:
11226:
11219:
11217:
11210:
11208:
11201:
11199:
11192:
11190:
11183:
11182:
11180:
11176:
11170:
11163:
11161:
11154:
11152:
11145:
11143:
11136:
11134:
11127:
11125:
11118:
11116:
11109:
11107:
11100:
11098:
11091:
11089:
11082:
11080:
11073:
11072:
11070:
11068:
11064:
11058:
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11050:
11048:
11045:
11044:
11042:
11040:
11036:
11030:
11027:
11025:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10996:
10994:
10990:
10987:
10983:
10979:
10973:
10967:
10959:
10954:
10952:
10947:
10945:
10940:
10939:
10936:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10895:
10893:
10891:
10887:
10881:
10878:
10877:
10875:
10873:
10869:
10863:
10860:
10859:
10857:
10855:
10851:
10845:
10842:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10831:
10829:
10827:
10823:
10815:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10779:
10777:
10775:
10771:
10765:
10762:
10757:
10753:
10750:
10746:
10743:
10739:
10738:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10724:
10720:
10717:
10713:
10712:
10711:
10708:
10703:
10699:
10696:
10692:
10691:
10690:
10687:
10682:
10678:
10677:
10676:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10668:
10664:
10660:
10656:
10649:
10644:
10642:
10637:
10635:
10630:
10629:
10626:
10620:
10613:
10600:
10597:
10594:
10591:
10588:
10585:
10584:
10582:
10580:
10576:
10571:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10494:
10491:South of the
10489:
10483:
10480:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10463:
10460:
10458:
10455:
10453:
10450:
10448:
10445:
10443:
10440:
10438:
10435:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10406:North of the
10404:
10401:
10399:
10395:
10389:
10386:
10384:
10381:
10379:
10376:
10374:
10371:
10369:
10366:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10353:
10352:
10349:
10345:
10342:
10340:
10337:
10335:
10332:
10331:
10330:
10327:
10326:
10323:
10319:
10312:
10307:
10305:
10300:
10298:
10293:
10292:
10289:
10275:1948–present
10273:
10272:
10261:
10252:1394–present
10250:
10249:
10242:
10236:
10232:
10223:
10222:
10214:
10208:
10205:
10204:
10192:
10188:
10182:
10178:
10177:
10168:
10164:
10160:
10157:
10152:
10148:
10145:
10141:
10136:
10132:
10130:at Wiktionary
10129:
10128:
10122:
10118:
10117:
10096:
10092:
10086:
10070:
10066:
10062:
10056:
10048:
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10038:
10030:
10026:
10020:
10004:
10000:
9992:
9984:
9983:
9978:
9972:
9964:
9963:
9958:
9952:
9936:
9932:
9928:
9922:
9906:
9902:
9896:
9880:
9876:
9870:
9854:
9850:
9846:
9840:
9824:
9820:
9816:
9810:
9794:
9790:
9789:Time magazine
9786:
9782:
9775:
9759:
9755:
9751:
9745:
9729:
9725:
9721:
9715:
9699:
9695:
9691:
9685:
9669:
9665:
9661:
9655:
9639:
9635:
9631:
9625:
9609:
9605:
9601:
9595:
9579:
9575:
9569:
9553:
9549:
9545:
9539:
9523:
9519:
9518:
9513:
9512:"Jongno walk"
9506:
9490:
9486:
9484:9780415525978
9480:
9476:
9475:
9467:
9451:
9447:
9443:
9437:
9421:
9417:
9409:
9403:
9399:
9396:
9391:
9375:
9371:
9367:
9361:
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9331:
9325:
9309:
9305:
9301:
9295:
9287:
9283:
9279:
9273:
9254:
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9240:
9224:
9220:
9214:
9198:
9194:
9188:
9172:
9168:
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9142:
9138:
9137:
9132:
9126:
9124:
9107:
9103:
9097:
9081:
9077:
9073:
9067:
9051:
9047:
9043:
9037:
9021:
9017:
9013:
9005:
8989:
8985:
8981:
8980:"Myeong-dong"
8975:
8959:
8955:
8949:
8933:
8929:
8925:
8919:
8903:
8902:
8897:
8890:
8874:
8870:
8864:
8856:
8855:
8850:
8844:
8842:
8825:
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8795:
8791:
8785:
8769:
8765:
8759:
8743:
8739:
8735:
8729:
8727:
8707:
8703:
8696:
8690:
8671:
8664:
8658:
8639:
8635:
8628:
8622:
8614:
8612:9789264173897
8608:
8604:
8603:
8596:
8577:
8573:
8566:
8559:
8543:
8539:
8533:
8517:
8513:
8505:
8497:
8493:
8487:
8471:
8467:
8461:
8445:
8441:
8435:
8419:
8415:
8414:
8409:
8403:
8387:
8383:
8377:
8361:
8357:
8353:
8347:
8331:
8327:
8326:
8322:
8316:
8300:
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8243:
8235:
8229:
8221:
8215:
8199:
8195:
8191:
8185:
8169:
8165:
8161:
8155:
8153:
8137:on 8 May 2008
8136:
8132:
8126:
8110:
8106:
8103:(in Korean).
8102:
8096:
8080:
8074:
8058:
8057:Weather Atlas
8054:
8048:
8029:
8022:
8016:
8000:
7992:
7973:
7966:
7960:
7944:
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7823:
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7807:
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7795:
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7757:
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7750:
7747:Chung, Anna.
7744:
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7703:
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7674:
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7360:
7354:
7338:
7334:
7330:
7324:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7294:
7275:
7268:
7262:
7255:. 서울연구데이터서비스.
7254:
7253:data.si.re.kr
7250:
7244:
7228:
7224:
7217:
7211:
7203:
7202:
7197:
7191:
7175:
7171:
7169:9781136639272
7165:
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7152:
7150:
7133:
7129:
7125:
7119:
7103:
7099:
7095:
7089:
7074:
7071:(in Korean).
7070:
7063:
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7052:
7047:
7042:
7035:
7027:
7023:
7017:
7015:
7013:
6996:
6992:
6990:9780393347531
6986:
6982:
6981:
6976:
6975:Bruce Cumings
6970:
6962:
6960:9780198039662
6956:
6952:
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6921:
6917:
6915:9780230364523
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6851:9791160710670
6847:
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6303:9781136166983
6299:
6296:. Routledge.
6295:
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6158:(in Korean).
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6098:9781474421829
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5345:Cities portal
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5047:San Francisco
5043:
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5030:
5025:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4993:sister cities
4991:Seoul has 23
4987:
4980:Sister cities
4977:
4975:
4971:
4965:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4944:
4935:
4933:
4932:Seoul Station
4929:
4925:
4920:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4892:
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4884:
4880:
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4854:
4852:
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4826:Suseo station
4824:
4821:
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4807:
4803:
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4797:
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4790:
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4766:Seoul Station
4764:
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4734:
4730:
4726:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4692:rapid transit
4689:
4688:urban railway
4683:
4676:
4675:Seoul Station
4672:
4663:
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4657:
4653:
4643:
4638:
4628:
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4605:Korean Empire
4600:
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4532:1990 K League
4529:
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4513:
4509:
4505:
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4479:
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4464:Joongang Ilbo
4461:
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4312:
4308:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4255:
4254:Fortress Wall
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4234:
4230:
4229:Gyeonghuigung
4226:
4225:Gyeongbokgung
4222:
4218:
4214:
4213:Changdeokgung
4209:
4207:
4203:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4172:downtown area
4165:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4132:
4126:
4119:
4117:
4114:, Wi-Fi, and
4113:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4093:
4088:
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4078:
4072:
4061:
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4023:
4019:
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3821:
3817:
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3808:
3802:
3795:Manufacturing
3792:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3774:
3770:
3764:area of Seoul
3763:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3745:
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3734:
3731:is seated in
3730:
3729:Bank of Korea
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3578:New York City
3575:
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3197:
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3170:
3167:
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3162:Mean monthly
3160:
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3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
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3028:
3021:
3015:
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3000:
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2965:
2960:
2955:
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2951:precipitation
2947:
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2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
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2548:
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2541:
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2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2502:
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2425:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:Air pollution
2387:
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2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2335:
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2328:, located in
2327:
2323:
2322:N Seoul Tower
2319:
2315:
2308:
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2299:
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2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2141:Hannam Bridge
2138:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2046:urban warfare
2043:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:Fortress Wall
2020:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1999:Sung Tong Koo
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1967:
1962:
1952:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1903:Seoul Station
1900:
1895:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1860:Fortress Wall
1857:
1841:
1837:
1836:Fortress Wall
1833:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1783:
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1745:
1741:
1740:Korean Empire
1737:
1728:
1723:
1722:Korean Empire
1716:Korean Empire
1713:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1682:
1668:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1652:Seongjeosimni
1648:
1634:
1618:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1594:
1593:Fortress Wall
1590:
1589:Gyeongbokgung
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1553:
1552:Seongjeosimni
1549:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1532:Seongjeosimni
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1512:Unified Silla
1509:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1497:Taedong River
1494:
1452:
1421:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1371:Early history
1366:
1360:
1350:
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1340:
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1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1277:
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1243:
1237:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:, during the
1172:
1168:
1165:, during the
1152:
1148:
1145:, during the
1132:
1128:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
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1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:N Seoul Tower
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
945:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
893:San Francisco
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
863:, officially
862:
853:
847:
845:
841:
837:
831:
829:
825:
811:
809:
805:
795:
793:
789:
784:
780:
774:
772:
768:
764:
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736:
733:
729:
721:
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707:
703:
700:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
674:
671:
667:
663:
659:
656:
655:Korean magpie
653:
649:
645:
643:
642:ISO 3166 code
639:
635:
632:
630:
626:
620:
616:
612:
606:
603:
601:
598: •
596:
591:
588:
585:
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577:
575:
572: •
570:
566:
562:
558:
556:
553: •
551:
547:
543:
540:
537:
533:
529:
527:
524: •
522:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
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479:
476: •
474:
469:
466:
463:
461:
458: •
456:
452:
448:
445:
443:
440: •
438:
435:
431:
428:
424:
421:
420:Mayor–council
418:
414:
409:
406:
403:
399:
396:
393:
389:
386:
385:Seoul Capital
383:
381:
377:
374:
371:
369:
365:
360:
332:Coordinates:
330:
314:
311:
306:
298:
288:
274:
264:
256:
248:
244:
238:
228:
222:
214:
210:
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163:
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147:
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138: •
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127: •
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117:
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112: •
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97: •
95:
90:
75:
71:
66:
50:
44:
40:
33:
19:
16971:
16947:Buenos Aires
16836:
16832:Metro Manila
16784:Pakistan (2)
16584:Johannesburg
16238:
16012:Turkmenistan
15744:Turkmenistan
15597:Olympic Park
15463:Times Square
15400:
15356:
15350:
15343:
15337:
15326:
15311:
15300:
15289:
15278:
15267:
15256:
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14520:
14453:World War II
14421:
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14403:
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14386:
14370:
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14336:
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13681:
13677:Saudi Arabia
13670:
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13383:Kuala Lumpur
13381:
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13061:
13050:
13046:Turkmenistan
13039:
13022:Central Asia
13009:
12780:Johannesburg
12762:Buenos Aires
12591:
12590:
12071:
12064:Special city
11888:Central City
11537:Gyeongbu (1)
11493:Yeongdeungpo
11464:
11457:
11450:
11440:
11430:
11420:
11407:
11396:
11385:
11374:
11367:
11345:
11335:
11325:
11047:Gyeongbu HSR
10861:
10854:Special city
10807:South Jeolla
10681:Capital area
10556:Yeongdeungpo
10317:
10269:
10265:New creation
10246:
10219:
10207:i Tour Seoul
10185:(in English)
10158:at Wikiquote
10126:
10099:. Retrieved
10085:
10075:30 September
10073:. Retrieved
10064:
10055:
10037:
10029:the original
10019:
10007:. Retrieved
9991:
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9935:the original
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9869:
9859:18 September
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9827:. Retrieved
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9784:
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9668:the original
9654:
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9420:the original
9415:CJ헬로비전-에러페이지
9408:
9390:
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9360:
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8511:의무교육(무상의무교육)
8504:
8486:
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8460:
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8325:Hankook Ilbo
8323:
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7825:
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7769:
7763:
7743:
7731:. Retrieved
7728:www.unep.org
7727:
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7701:
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7676:
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7651:www.unep.org
7650:
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7540:. Retrieved
7536:the original
7531:
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7432:
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7409:
7400:
7370:Korea Herald
7369:
7353:
7341:. Retrieved
7332:
7329:"GLOBAL 500"
7323:
7311:. Retrieved
7302:
7293:
7281:. Retrieved
7274:the original
7261:
7252:
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7231:. Retrieved
7210:
7204:(in Korean).
7199:
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7097:
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7062:
7056:(in Korean).
7044:
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6269:the original
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5838:
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5783:the original
5769:
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5743:
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5695:
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5672:. Retrieved
5641:22 September
5639:. Retrieved
5621:
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5591:
5567:
5553:
5547:
5526:
5512:
5507:
5482:
5404:
5392:
5387:
5331:Seoul portal
4990:
4967:
4941:
4921:
4903:
4895:Osaka Kansai
4879:Osaka Kansai
4875:Tokyo Haneda
4865:
4844:
4786:Mugunghwa-ho
4778:ITX-Saemaeul
4756:
4752:KTX Sancheon
4685:
4648:
4602:
4552:
4544:Doosan Bears
4501:
4468:Hankook Ilbo
4441:
4382:
4332:War Memorial
4329:
4322:
4304:
4250:Olympic Park
4210:
4199:
4169:
4145:Architecture
4108:Seoul Subway
4089:
4080:
4074:
4049:
4037:Times Square
4030:
4026:Garak Market
3988:
3965:
3940:
3912:
3905:
3804:
3777:
3758:Samsung Town
3675:
3668:
3660:
3654:Entrance of
3622:Confucianism
3610:Christianity
3607:
3594:
3571:
3431:Demographics
3427:) in total.
3418:
3400:
3396:
3384:
3366:
3364:
3339:
2953:mm (inches)
2523:
2515:
2506:Seoul has a
2505:
2473:
2462:
2458:
2437:
2396:
2346:
2311:
2258:
2214:
2199:
2190:
2188:
2134:
2105:urbanization
2098:
2059:
2042:U.S. Marines
2025:
2018:
2007:Yong San Koo
1987:Chong No Koo
1979:
1951:special city
1934:
1930:
1914:
1901:in front of
1883:World War II
1880:
1876:metalworking
1829:
1810:
1780:
1743:
1733:
1703:
1684:
1680:
1650:
1632:
1616:
1597:
1568:Yi Seong-gye
1566:of Korea by
1561:
1505:
1501:
1479:) nor "su" (
1453:
1422:
1403:
1396:
1381:
1374:
1346:
1334:
1322:
1318:
1310:
1298:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1267:
1260:World War II
1241:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1109:
1096:
1092:
1074:
1072:
986:
943:
936:
913:
864:
860:
859:
731:
613:389 billion)
607:486 trillion
600:Special city
526:Special city
478:Special city
451:People Power
405:25 districts
309:
291:Coat of arms
70:Special city
43:
16957:Mexico City
16921:Los Angeles
16886:America (8)
16493:Sejong City
16423:Gwangmyeong
16032:Afghanistan
15998:South Korea
15823:South Korea
15761:Afghanistan
15473:63 Building
15458:Seoul Plaza
15433:D-Cube City
14952:Asian Games
14883:Los Angeles
14505:host cities
14449:World War I
14416:Los Angeles
14227:Los Angeles
14156:Mexico City
14010:Los Angeles
13832:host cities
13664:(de facto)
13589:Kuwait City
13445:West Island
13399:Philippines
13243:Afghanistan
13160:Ulaanbaatar
13130:South Korea
13119:North Korea
12828:Brazzaville
12775:Los Angeles
12704:Mexico City
12633:World's 50
12344:Gwangmyeong
12274:Dongducheon
12010: [
11998: [
11913: [
11901: [
11863: [
11851: [
11848:Gyeonggi-do
11725:City routes
11652:Local roads
11529:Expressways
11409:Wirye–Sinsa
11310:Sillim Line
11262:Light Metro
11225:Seohae Line
10195:(in Korean)
10101:7 September
9941:31 December
9931:Ultra Korea
9584:12 February
9558:12 February
9528:12 February
9456:12 February
9426:18 December
9350:18 December
9177:12 February
9147:12 February
9112:12 February
9086:12 February
9056:11 February
9042:"Insa-dong"
8994:11 February
8964:11 February
8938:13 February
8774:13 February
8748:13 February
8715:13 February
8679:11 February
8647:13 February
8450:11 February
8424:11 February
8392:20 December
8305:16 February
8272:11 February
8204:20 February
7998:순위값 - 구역별조회
7949:18 November
7852:Weatherbase
7832:1 September
7584:: 684–690.
7448:16 February
7422:16 February
7384:Hu, Elise.
7138:6 September
7108:6 September
7049: [
7046:Money Today
7001:21 November
6201:18 November
6170:10 February
6109:21 November
6023:Jeju Island
5898:26 December
5715:26 November
5496::
5438::
5177:Ulaanbaatar
5151:Mexico City
4729:Seoul Metro
4696:light metro
4645:Seoul buses
4637:Seoul Buses
4526:(currently
4456:Chosun Ilbo
4397:South Korea
4375:concert in
4268:eight gates
4092:fiber-optic
4045:CGV Starium
3960:Myeong-dong
3931:Gwanghwamun
3925:(GBD), and
3811:electronics
3744:Lotte World
3733:Sogong-dong
2501:Tapgol Park
2476:Seoul Metro
2363:Air quality
2314:Namsan Park
2229:SK Holdings
2173:Jamsil-dong
2126:Bucheon-gun
2118:Siheung-gun
2114:Gwangju-gun
2060:During the
2048:during the
2044:engaged in
2032:Eight Gates
1964: [
1878:factories.
1821:Gyeongseong
1685:Sadaemun-an
1669::
1659::
1603: [
1256:Han dynasty
1197:capital of
1089:common noun
1085:Sino-Korean
1057:Korean Wave
1033:Trade Tower
1029:Lotte World
1017:63 Building
928:Gyeongseong
897:Los Angeles
869:South Korea
720:seoul.go.kr
354: /
342:126°59′24″E
227:Gwanghwamun
209:Lotte World
17000:Categories
16893:Brazil (2)
16855:Europe (4)
16610:China (14)
16572:Africa (4)
16565:Megacities
16372:Pyeongtaek
16096:Uzbekistan
16063:Kyrgyzstan
16058:Kazakhstan
15795:Kyrgyzstan
15792:Kazakhstan
15418:Blue House
14588:Heidelberg
13732:Tskhinvali
13518:Azerbaijan
13416:Phnom Penh
13337:East Timor
13221:Bangladesh
13171:North Asia
13090:Uzbekistan
13079:Tajikistan
13068:Kyrgyzstan
13057:Kazakhstan
13025:South Asia
12524:Yeongcheon
12444:Pyeongtaek
11019:Gyeongchun
10422:Dongdaemun
10329:Government
10009:7 November
9495:9 November
9335:(Report).
9229:24 October
8634:MasterCard
8522:13 October
8174:8 February
8085:10 October
8037:8 December
7981:31 January
7776:. 111359.
7343:7 February
7313:31 October
7283:20 January
7249:"면적과 인구밀도"
7233:7 February
7180:9 November
6926:9 November
6887:7 February
6788:22 January
6756:22 January
6724:22 January
6692:22 January
6662:22 January
6632:22 January
6600:22 January
6568:22 January
6536:22 January
6504:22 January
6472:22 January
6440:22 January
6408:22 January
6376:22 January
6341:22 January
6275:7 February
6242:7 February
6160:Naver News
6004:22 January
5819:24 October
5583:References
4984:See also:
4962:See also:
4924:expressway
4710:, western
4666:Urban rail
4530:) won the
4512:KBO League
4460:Donga Ilbo
4421:See also:
4362:See also:
4336:Korean War
4288:See also:
4242:Wiryeseong
4236:invasion.
4221:Deoksugung
4194:Sungnyemun
4149:See also:
4069:See also:
4065:Technology
3972:Myeongdong
3885:See also:
3865:, Ottogi,
3799:See also:
3706:See also:
3503:10,612,577
3320:Government
3303:Source 1:
3025:(≥ 0.1 mm)
2540:Heat index
2464:Asian dust
2432:Asian dust
2382:Sentinel-2
2379:Copernicus
2367:See also:
2353:green belt
2161:Ichon-dong
2153:embankment
2110:Yangju-gun
2062:Korean War
2054:Korean War
1864:Yongsan-gu
1811:After the
1744:Hwangseong
1681:Doseong-an
1633:Doseong-an
1617:Seong-jung
1600:Hanseongbu
1252:Han people
1111:Wiryeseong
1007:, and the
976:, and the
946:Global 500
932:Korean War
686:and Seoul
559:26,037,000
519:Population
447:Oh Se-hoon
411:Government
391:Founded by
339:37°33′36″N
319:Show Seoul
179:Deoksugung
16935:Other (4)
16905:São Paulo
16805:Other (7)
16758:Japan (3)
16713:Hyderabad
16698:Bangalore
16691:India (6)
16682:Zhengzhou
16642:Guangzhou
16632:Chongqing
16603:Asia (35)
16503:Gangneung
16483:Gyeongsan
16463:Chuncheon
16398:Uijeongbu
16382:Jeju City
16337:Namyangju
16241:(capital)
16082:Singapore
16050:Indonesia
16037:Australia
16003:Sri Lanka
15973:Hong Kong
15954:Countries
15818:Singapore
15765:Australia
15741:Sri Lanka
15724:Indonesia
15707:Countries
15535:Inwangsan
15530:Bukhansan
15523:Mountains
15514:Teheranno
15482:Precincts
15443:Namdaemun
15428:COEX Mall
15409:Buildings
15403:landmarks
15307:Changchun
15165:Palembang
15139:Guangzhou
15095:Hiroshima
14695:Barcelona
14262:Barcelona
14102:Melbourne
13992:Amsterdam
13929:Stockholm
13893:St. Louis
13661:Palestine
13575:Jerusalem
13469:Abu Dhabi
13456:Australia
13434:Vientiane
13427:Singapore
13405:Naypyidaw
13377:Indonesia
13354:Australia
13287:Sri Lanka
13271:New Delhi
13249:Kathmandu
13227:Islamabad
13114:Pyongyang
13096:East Asia
13031:West Asia
12919:Hyderabad
12871:Zhengzhou
12846:Chongqing
12789:Bangalore
12722:São Paulo
12670:Guangzhou
12575:Hongseong
12494:Uijeongbu
12489:Tongyeong
12409:Mungyeong
12359:Gyeongsan
12349:Gwangyang
12284:Gangneung
12259:Chuncheon
12201:Namyangju
11691:Gangbyeon
11466:Incheon 3
11052:Honam HSR
11004:Gyeongwon
10774:Provinces
10695:Yeongdong
10551:Yangcheon
10526:Geumcheon
10493:Han River
10477:Seongdong
10467:Seodaemun
10427:Eunpyeong
10410:(Gangbuk)
10408:Han River
10398:Districts
10388:Transport
10344:City Hall
10280:Incumbent
10257:Incumbent
10241:Gaegyeong
9911:17 August
9885:17 August
9446:Korea.net
9282:AsiaMedia
9167:KBS World
9011:서울공식여행가이드
8794:CNNTravel
8005:2 October
7939:120641921
7798:202176909
7733:31 August
7707:31 August
7682:31 August
7657:31 August
7606:0013-9351
6071:Kyŏngsŏng
5967:2951-4983
5953:: 15–23.
5926:17 August
5571:Notably,
5513:Geumseong
5060:São Paulo
4952:Ddareungi
4909:Yeongjong
4834:Suseo HSR
4625:Chungmuro
4617:Teheranno
4579:Taekwondo
4358:Festivals
4272:Namdaemun
4018:COEX Mall
3636:Education
3558:9,390,000
3547:9,586,195
3536:9,904,312
3525:9,794,304
3514:9,895,217
3492:8,364,379
3481:5,312,000
3470:2,361,000
3459:1,021,000
2357:sprawling
2349:Han River
2274:Inwangsan
2262:Han River
2247:Geography
2122:Gimpo-gun
2003:Ma Po Koo
1983:Chong Koo
1959:) in the
1907:15 August
1815:in 1910,
1706:East Asia
1493:Pyongyang
1399:Bukhansan
1377:Han River
1097:Seorabeol
1041:IFC Seoul
673:Forsythia
664:Seoul Red
629:Time zone
530:9,659,322
495:Elevation
401:Districts
247:Han River
245:over the
16862:Istanbul
16827:Istanbul
16749:Surabaya
16657:Shenzhen
16652:Shanghai
16647:Hangzhou
16637:Dongguan
16622:Changsha
16589:Kinshasa
16478:Gyeongju
16468:Suncheon
16347:Hwaseong
16327:Cheongju
16317:Seongnam
16291:Changwon
16114:Contests
16087:Thailand
16072:Mongolia
16068:Maldives
16025:Inactive
15993:Malaysia
15848:Contests
15830:Thailand
15810:Pakistan
15802:Malaysia
15755:Inactive
15734:Maldives
15499:Insadong
15176:Hangzhou
14903:Brisbane
14570:Tel Aviv
14435:Brisbane
14192:Montreal
14084:Helsinki
13700:Abkhazia
13655:Ramallah
13535:Damascus
13421:Cambodia
13388:Malaysia
13326:Thailand
13265:Maldives
13232:Pakistan
13165:Mongolia
13085:Tashkent
13074:Dushanbe
13041:Ashgabat
12992:Capitals
12939:Surabaya
12929:Hangzhou
12886:Dongguan
12824:Kinshasa
12814:Istanbul
12784:Pretoria
12757:Shenzhen
12727:New York
12689:Shanghai
12557:Seogwipo
12479:Suncheon
12454:Samcheok
12389:Jeongeup
12364:Gyeryong
12354:Gyeongju
12334:Gwacheon
12294:Gimcheon
12254:Boryeong
12211:Seongnam
12191:Hwaseong
12176:Cheongju
12166:Changwon
11930:Airports
11508:Sangbong
11398:Mok-dong
11376:Myeonmok
11337:Sinansan
11283:EverLine
11024:Gyeongin
11009:Gyeongui
10999:Gyeongbu
10985:Railways
10792:Gyeonggi
10736:Yeongnam
10723:Chungbuk
10702:Yeongseo
10689:Gwandong
10675:Gyeonggi
10511:Gangdong
10472:Seongbuk
10452:Jungnang
10437:Gwangjin
10378:Shopping
10361:Timeline
10144:category
10095:Archived
10069:Archived
10047:Archived
10003:Archived
9879:Archived
9853:Archived
9823:Archived
9793:Archived
9758:Archived
9728:Archived
9698:Archived
9638:Archived
9608:Archived
9552:Archived
9522:Archived
9489:Archived
9450:Archived
9398:Archived
9380:7 August
9341:Archived
9308:Archived
9253:Archived
9223:Archived
9203:7 August
9197:Archived
9141:Archived
9050:Archived
8988:Archived
8830:24 April
8824:Archived
8804:29 April
8768:Archived
8742:Archived
8706:Archived
8704:. 2013.
8585:19 April
8576:Archived
8542:Archived
8516:Archived
8496:Archived
8476:10 March
8470:Archived
8444:Archived
8418:Archived
8386:Archived
8360:Archived
8336:17 April
8330:Archived
8299:Archived
8266:Archived
8254:. 2013.
7943:Archived
7885:archived
7856:Archived
7752:Archived
7630:Archived
7614:26079317
7560:Archived
7542:12 April
7510:Archived
7491:Archived
7469:Archived
7442:Archived
7416:Archived
7411:BBC News
7389:Archived
7362:Archived
7337:Archived
7333:CNNMoney
7307:Archived
7227:Archived
7225:. 2009.
7196:"서울의 역사"
7174:Archived
7132:Archived
7102:Archived
7073:ohmynews
6995:Archived
6977:(2005).
6920:Archived
6878:Archived
6782:Archived
6750:Archived
6718:Archived
6686:Archived
6656:Archived
6626:Archived
6594:Archived
6562:Archived
6530:Archived
6498:Archived
6466:Archived
6434:Archived
6402:Archived
6370:Archived
6335:Archived
6308:Archived
6236:Archived
6195:Archived
6164:Archived
6151:서울특별시표기
6103:Archived
6053:Archived
5998:Archived
5892:Archived
5867:Archived
5849:7 August
5843:Archived
5813:Archived
5789:3 August
5753:Archived
5709:Archived
5674:24 March
5668:Archived
5635:Archived
5605:Archived
5557:—
5303:See also
5294:Tashkent
5034:Honolulu
4972:and the
4841:Airports
4716:Chungnam
4700:commuter
4621:Sejongno
4611:include
4583:Kukkiwon
4546:won the
4542:and the
4536:LG Twins
4534:and the
4528:FC Seoul
4520:V-League
4508:K League
4385:KBS Hall
4184:Bosingak
4106:and the
3990:Insadong
3945:Commerce
3844:Smirnoff
3838:, whose
3614:Buddhism
3604:Religion
3256:Average
3209:Percent
3204:2,143.1
3114:Average
3018:(55.82)
2993:(13.71)
2988:(16.31)
2949:Average
2664:(103.3)
2639:(103.3)
2634:(101.1)
2528:monsoons
2334:Tancheon
2270:Bugaksan
2241:LG Group
2016:—
1856:Gyeonggi
1556:Hanseong
1392:Goguryeo
1319:Hànchéng
1311:Hanseong
1299:Hànchéng
1262:and the
1222:Hanseong
1199:Hanseong
1131:Goguryeo
1101:Gyeongju
1063:Toponymy
1055:and the
964:and the
905:New York
587:Gyeonggi
578:Seoulite
308:Anthem:
164:at night
16812:Bangkok
16791:Karachi
16744:Jakarta
16739:Bandung
16718:Kolkata
16703:Chennai
16662:Tianjin
16627:Chengdu
16617:Beijing
16438:Yangsan
16433:Gwangju
16377:Siheung
16352:Cheonan
16322:Bucheon
16276:Gwangju
16271:Daejeon
16250:Incheon
16099:Vanuatu
16092:Tunisia
16016:Vietnam
15836:Vanuatu
15814:Romania
15806:Myanmar
15747:Vietnam
15566:Jogyesa
15504:Itaewon
15494:Hongdae
15358:Trojena
15333:Sapporo
15285:Kangwon
15263:Sapporo
15252:Sapporo
15161:Jakarta
15150:Incheon
15106:Bangkok
15084:Beijing
15051:Bangkok
15029:Bangkok
15018:Bangkok
15007:Jakarta
14784:Beijing
14724:Atlanta
14606:Toronto
14332:Beijing
14280:Atlanta
13958:Antwerp
13753:Armenia
13748:Yerevan
13715:Georgia
13710:Tbilisi
13694:Sukhumi
13628:Nicosia
13605:Bahrain
13529:Lebanon
13502:Baghdad
13410:Myanmar
13372:Jakarta
13366:Vietnam
13321:Bangkok
13293:Thimphu
13103:Beijing
13063:Bishkek
13010:italics
13008:are in
12994:of Asia
12944:Bandung
12914:Tianjin
12861:Chennai
12794:Chengdu
12747:Beijing
12742:Bangkok
12732:Karachi
12717:Kolkata
12660:Jakarta
12529:Yeongju
12514:Yangsan
12484:Taebaek
12469:Siheung
12449:Sacheon
12439:Pocheon
12399:Miryang
12384:Jecheon
12339:Gwangju
12279:Donghae
12269:Dangjin
12264:Chungju
12244:Anseong
12171:Cheonan
12161:Bucheon
12110:Incheon
12105:Gwangju
12100:Daejeon
11995:CashBee
11990:hi-pass
11970:T-money
11860:Incheon
11711:Olympic
11696:Gangnam
11488:Yongsan
11361:Planned
11347:Dongbuk
11014:Jungang
10918:Incheon
10913:Gwangju
10908:Daejeon
10844:Jeonbuk
10839:Gangwon
10667:Regions
10655:Regions
10599:Yeouido
10593:Gangnam
10521:Gangseo
10516:Gangnam
10506:Dongjak
10497:Gangnam
10482:Yongsan
10432:Gangbuk
10373:Economy
10368:Climate
10351:History
10334:Council
9314:18 June
9304:The Age
8908:5 March
8904:. Seoul
8879:5 March
8548:20 July
8366:3 March
7919:Bibcode
7778:Bibcode
7586:Bibcode
7078:28 June
6226:"Seoul"
6134:13 June
6045:"Seoul"
6031:website
5839:The Age
5809:Fortune
5759:8 April
5749:"Color"
5472:Capital
5466:
5393:Shou'er
5281:Bangkok
5164:Beijing
5086:Jakarta
4943:Cycling
4938:Cycling
4828:(HSR),
4712:Gangwon
4704:Incheon
4613:Euljiro
4438:, Seoul
4436:Yeouido
4278:Museums
4261:⁄
4140:Culture
4002:Itaewon
3927:Yeouido
3923:Gangnam
3921:(CBD),
3900:Yeouido
3887:Yeouido
3824:Hyundai
3816:Samsung
3760:in the
3717:Gangnam
3696:Economy
3597:Chinese
3450:±% p.a.
3016:1,417.9
3013:(0.89)
3008:(2.01)
3003:(2.06)
2998:(5.57)
2983:(5.10)
2978:(4.08)
2973:(2.87)
2968:(1.45)
2963:(1.11)
2958:(0.66)
2944:(−9.6)
2939:(−9.6)
2934:(10.6)
2929:(22.8)
2924:(37.8)
2919:(56.3)
2914:(55.2)
2909:(47.8)
2904:(36.3)
2899:(24.3)
2889:(−3.3)
2884:(−8.5)
2874:(48.0)
2869:(25.9)
2864:(38.3)
2859:(51.1)
2854:(63.9)
2849:(73.2)
2844:(72.1)
2839:(65.7)
2834:(56.3)
2829:(46.4)
2824:(35.4)
2819:(26.2)
2814:(22.1)
2804:(55.0)
2799:(32.4)
2794:(45.5)
2789:(59.0)
2784:(71.1)
2779:(79.0)
2774:(77.5)
2769:(72.9)
2764:(64.8)
2759:(54.7)
2754:(43.0)
2749:(33.3)
2744:(28.4)
2734:(63.3)
2729:(39.6)
2724:(53.4)
2719:(68.4)
2714:(79.2)
2709:(86.0)
2704:(84.2)
2699:(81.7)
2694:(74.5)
2689:(64.2)
2684:(51.8)
2679:(41.2)
2674:(35.8)
2659:(63.9)
2654:(78.6)
2649:(86.2)
2644:(95.2)
2629:(99.0)
2624:(93.9)
2619:(85.6)
2614:(77.2)
2609:(65.7)
2604:(57.9)
2482:Climate
2266:estuary
2233:Hyundai
2225:Samsung
2191:de jure
2137:Gangnam
2130:Gangnam
1838:(i.e.,
1763:
1353:History
1349:(ソウル).
1335:Shǒu'ěr
1323:Shǒu'ěr
1254:or the
1151:Hanyang
958:Hyundai
950:Samsung
944:Fortune
939:Arcadis
930:." The
715:Website
684:Hangang
574:Demonym
368:Country
16942:Bogotá
16872:Moscow
16867:London
16842:Tehran
16796:Lahore
16770:Nagoya
16723:Mumbai
16672:Xiamen
16523:Yangju
16513:Icheon
16473:Gunsan
16367:Pohang
16362:Gimhae
16357:Anyang
16342:Jeonju
16301:Yongin
16296:Goyang
16102:Zambia
16078:Russia
16045:Brunei
16008:Turkey
15961:Active
15833:Turkey
15775:Brunei
15770:Bhutan
15714:Active
15545:Namsan
15540:Naksan
15345:Harbin
15322:Almaty
15318:Astana
15296:Aomori
15274:Harbin
15238:Winter
15218:Riyadh
15192:Nagoya
15040:Tehran
14985:Manila
14960:Summer
14802:London
14766:Athens
14748:Sydney
14706:Madrid
14630:Arnhem
14349:London
14315:Athens
14298:Sydney
14210:Moscow
14174:Munich
14067:London
14028:Berlin
13911:London
13857:Athens
13721:Tehran
13672:Riyadh
13633:Cyprus
13617:Muscat
13600:Manama
13594:Kuwait
13580:Israel
13524:Beirut
13496:Turkey
13491:Ankara
13485:Jordan
13394:Manila
13315:Brunei
13298:Bhutan
13183:Russia
13178:Moscow
13142:Taiwan
13136:Taipei
13052:Astana
12934:Nagoya
12924:Taipei
12909:Bogotá
12881:London
12876:Luanda
12841:Tehran
12819:Lahore
12752:Moscow
12684:Manila
12679:Mumbai
12674:Foshan
12509:Yangju
12499:Uiwang
12474:Sokcho
12464:Seosan
12459:Sangju
12424:Nonsan
12414:Namwon
12374:Icheon
12329:Gunsan
12309:Gongju
12239:Andong
12221:Yongin
12206:Pohang
12196:Jeonju
12186:Goyang
12181:Gimhae
12156:Anyang
12133:Sejong
11686:Dongbu
11446:(2027)
11436:(2024)
11426:(2021)
11414:(2024)
11403:(2028)
11392:(2026)
11381:(2028)
11352:(2024)
11341:(2023)
11331:(2023)
11308:
11299:
11292:Ui LRT
11290:
11281:
11274:U Line
11272:
11250:
11241:
11232:
11223:
11214:
11205:
11196:
11187:
11167:
11158:
11151:Line 9
11149:
11142:Line 8
11140:
11133:Line 7
11131:
11124:Line 6
11122:
11115:Line 5
11113:
11106:Line 4
11104:
11097:Line 3
11095:
11088:Line 2
11086:
11079:Line 1
11077:
10880:Sejong
10546:Seocho
10541:Songpa
10536:Gwanak
10442:Jongno
10417:Dobong
10231:Ungjin
9674:2 June
9481:
9262:20 May
9026:16 May
8609:
8063:9 July
7937:
7891:9 June
7862:9 June
7796:
7612:
7604:
7166:
6987:
6957:
6912:
6848:
6817:
6300:
6095:
6067:Chosŏn
6059:4 July
5965:
5888:UNESCO
5611:11 May
5536:;
5492:;
5436:Korean
5268:Athens
5242:Astana
5203:Warsaw
5112:Moscow
5073:Bogotá
5021:Ankara
5008:Taipei
4950:named
4889:, and
4782:Nuriro
4725:Korail
4565:, and
4482:Sports
4466:, and
4450:, and
4379:Square
4350:, and
4252:. The
4180:Jongno
4112:4G LTE
4097:Gbit/s
3917:; the
3561:−0.69%
3550:−0.65%
3539:+0.22%
3528:−0.10%
3517:−0.70%
3506:+2.41%
3495:+4.64%
3484:+8.45%
3473:+8.74%
3411:;
3393:Seocho
3389:Songpa
3377:;
3201:162.9
3198:157.3
3195:206.5
3192:179.7
3189:156.1
3186:123.6
3183:189.1
3180:223.0
3177:206.3
3174:198.2
3171:170.8
3168:169.6
3065:108.6
2894:(6.6)
2555:Month
2512:Köppen
2284:. The
2282:Namsan
2278:Naksan
2163:, the
2124:, and
2095:, 1962
2009:, and
1943:;
1933:" as "
1848:;
1832:Joseon
1752:;
1736:Gojong
1734:After
1675:;
1665:;
1657:Korean
1641:;
1625:;
1580:Goryeo
1572:Joseon
1530:, and
1508:Goryeo
1485:;
1473:;
1461:;
1447:;
1441:;
1429:;
1414:;
1384:Baekje
1203:seoul.
1195:Joseon
1187:Joseon
1179:;
1171:Goryeo
1159:;
1149:era),
1139:;
1127:Baekje
1119:;
1043:, and
1031:, the
1023:, the
1019:, the
1015:, the
972:, the
956:, and
920:Joseon
916:Baekje
903:, and
792:Hangul
739:Hangul
709:Ginkgo
699:Haechi
695:Mascot
688:Namsan
669:Flower
99:Hangul
17006:Seoul
16877:Paris
16837:Seoul
16817:Dhaka
16775:Tokyo
16708:Delhi
16677:Xi'an
16667:Wuhan
16594:Lagos
16579:Cairo
16508:Hanam
16498:Mokpo
16488:Geoje
16458:Gunpo
16453:Yeosu
16448:Iksan
16428:Wonju
16418:Jinju
16413:Gimpo
16332:Ansan
16286:Ulsan
16281:Suwon
16255:Daegu
16245:Busan
16239:Seoul
16075:Nepal
16041:Benin
15988:Macau
15983:Japan
15978:India
15968:China
15827:Sudan
15798:Macau
15788:India
15780:China
15738:Nepal
15720:Radio
15590:Sport
15401:Seoul
15188:Aichi
15117:Busan
15073:Seoul
15062:Delhi
14996:Tokyo
14974:Delhi
14863:Paris
14844:Tokyo
14677:Seoul
14552:Tokyo
14399:Paris
14383:Tokyo
14244:Seoul
14138:Tokyo
13975:Paris
13875:Paris
13688:Yemen
13683:Sanaa
13551:Qatar
13540:Syria
13480:Amman
13361:Hanoi
13276:India
13254:Nepal
13238:Kabul
13216:Dhaka
13154:Japan
13149:Tokyo
13125:Seoul
13108:China
12904:Wuhan
12866:Paris
12856:Xi'an
12809:Lagos
12737:Dhaka
12699:Cairo
12694:Seoul
12665:Delhi
12655:Tokyo
12592:Note:
12534:Yeosu
12519:Yeoju
12504:Wonju
12404:Mokpo
12394:Jinju
12379:Iksan
12369:Hanam
12319:Gunpo
12304:Gimpo
12299:Gimje
12289:Geoje
12216:Suwon
12151:Ansan
12115:Ulsan
12095:Daegu
12090:Busan
12072:Seoul
12014:]
12007:Rail+
12002:]
11975:Upass
11917:]
11905:]
11867:]
11855:]
11843:Seoul
11836:Areas
11829:Buses
11716:Seobu
11706:Naebu
11701:Nambu
11681:Bukbu
11521:Roads
11503:Suseo
11483:Seoul
11459:GTX C
11452:GTX B
11432:Wirye
11387:Seobu
11327:GTX A
10923:Ulsan
10903:Daegu
10898:Busan
10862:Seoul
10731:Honam
10710:Hoseo
10462:Nowon
10383:Sport
10356:Names
10339:Mayor
10318:Seoul
10167:Seoul
10156:Seoul
10140:Seoul
10127:Seoul
9614:1 May
9344:(PDF)
9333:(PDF)
9256:(PDF)
9249:(PDF)
8709:(PDF)
8698:(PDF)
8673:(PDF)
8666:(PDF)
8641:(PDF)
8630:(PDF)
8579:(PDF)
8568:(PDF)
8141:7 May
8115:7 May
8031:(PDF)
8024:(PDF)
7975:(PDF)
7968:(PDF)
7935:S2CID
7794:S2CID
7277:(PDF)
7270:(PDF)
7219:(PDF)
7053:]
6881:(PDF)
6870:(PDF)
6840:[
6809:[
5913:정구복.
5515:(금성;
5489:서울특별시
5379:Notes
5216:Cairo
5190:Hanoi
5138:Paris
5099:Tokyo
4836:(SRT)
4743:Train
4559:Asiad
4411:Media
4324:hanok
4041:35 mm
3875:Lotte
3847:vodka
3836:Jinro
3618:Muism
3590:Paris
3251:46.4
3248:51.1
3245:50.2
3242:57.1
3239:47.2
3236:36.2
3233:26.8
3230:41.2
3227:48.4
3224:51.9
3221:51.0
3218:53.6
3215:52.3
3157:61.8
3154:57.8
3151:60.4
3148:61.8
3145:66.4
3142:73.5
3139:76.2
3136:65.7
3133:59.7
3130:54.8
3127:54.6
3124:54.6
3121:56.2
3109:23.9
3050:14.7
3047:16.3
2996:141.5
2991:348.2
2986:414.4
2981:129.5
2976:103.6
2942:−23.1
2937:−23.1
2932:−11.9
2892:−14.1
2887:−19.6
2882:−22.5
2594:Year
2518:) or
2454:ozone
2406:PM2.5
2292:Parks
2237:POSCO
2082:Busan
1973:서울특별시
1968:]
1946:特別自由市
1940:특별자유시
1825:Keijō
1817:Japan
1792:Keijō
1690:사대문 안
1667:Hanja
1631:) or
1607:]
1406:Silla
1347:Souru
1337:is a
1280:seoul
1276:seoul
1268:Seoul
1230:Hanja
1226:Keijō
1211:Seoul
1207:Séoul
1191:seoul
1147:Silla
1105:Silla
1093:seoul
1075:seoul
1053:K-pop
1045:Parc1
901:Tokyo
889:Paris
861:Seoul
817:서울特別市
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799:서울특별시
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732:Seoul
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646:KR-11
634:UTC+9
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120:서울特別市
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105:서울특별시
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16952:Lima
16518:Osan
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16408:Gumi
16403:Paju
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16171:2022
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16161:2020
16156:2019
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16141:2016
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16054:Iran
15880:2019
15875:2018
15870:2016
15865:2015
15860:2014
15855:2012
15784:Fiji
15729:Iran
15352:2029
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15280:1999
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15247:1986
15212:2034
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15134:2010
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15057:1982
15046:1978
15035:1974
15024:1970
15013:1966
15002:1962
14991:1958
14980:1954
14969:1951
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14870:2028
14850:2024
14832:2020
14814:2016
14790:2012
14772:2008
14754:2004
14736:2000
14712:1996
14683:1992
14665:1988
14636:1984
14618:1980
14594:1976
14576:1972
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14540:1964
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14250:1992
14232:1988
14216:1984
14198:1980
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14162:1972
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14072:1952
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