1275:
1287:
221:
106:
The reference to "Telegraphs" has been held to include telephones. In the
Radiocommunication reference, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council held that radiocommunication was a matter of a national scope and was therefore a matter of exclusive federal jurisdiction. Television programming has
102:
A transportation or communication work or undertaking will be under government control under section 92(10) where it is extending outside of the province. This does not mean that a physical connection is necessary or that it is sufficient. What matters is the nature of the work or undertaking as a
128:(1993), such a declaration had been made with respect to Ontario Hydro's nuclear plant. The Supreme Court held that that declaration gave Parliament the authority to regulate the work "as a going concern" which included jurisdiction over workers at the plant and their labour unions.
60:
Section 92(10)(a) and (b) grants federal jurisdiction over modes of interprovincial and international transportation and communication, leaving intraprovincial transportation and communication to the provinces. The legal interpretation
54:(c) Such Works as, although wholly situate within the Province, are before or after their Execution declared by the Parliament of Canada to be for the general Advantage of Canada or for the Advantage of Two or more of the Provinces.
103:
going concern. A transport or communication undertaking will be considered "connecting" where business operations extend beyond the provincial border, or has a close operational relationship with an inter-provincial undertaking
961:
156:
40:(a) Lines of Steam or other Ships, Railways, Roads, Telegraphs, and other Works and Undertakings connecting the Province with any other or others of the Provinces, or extending beyond the Limits of the Province;
625:
131:
The declaration must be made by the passing of legislation, but in addition to declaring specific works, whole classes of work can be defined as being "for the general advantage of Canada" by default; the
115:
In general terms, works declared by the
Parliament of Canada to be "for the general Advantage of Canada" or "for the Advantage of Two or more of the Provinces" tend to be part of the national
65:
limits the scope of the exceptions to subsection 92(10). The declaratory power conferred to the federal parliament under 92(10) c) however, applies to works of all types. The
136:, for example, deemed all nuclear power plants to fall into this category. From 1867 to 1961 there were 470 uses of the declaratory power, of which 84% related to railways.
74:
29. Such
Classes of Subjects as are implicitly excepted in the Enumeration of the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces.
839:
982:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
1141:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
620:
600:
754:
107:
been held to be part of that jurisdiction but it is unclear whether it is so only because it is ancillary to the regulation of communications undertaking.
366:
977:
1009:
615:
610:
577:
572:
452:
122:
Whenever parliament invokes the power, it gains not only jurisdiction over the work but also any necessarily incidental operations. In
549:
544:
386:
139:
As of 2006, the declaratory power has been invoked at least 422 times, but not since 1961, and of which 64% was related to railways.
945:
391:
746:
85:
1030:
539:
1057:
235:
1171:
359:
1254:
1025:
567:
29:, grants the provincial legislatures of Canada unless otherwise noted in section (c), the authority to legislate on:
411:
1313:
1291:
1110:
432:
352:
337:
211:
see Peter W. Hogg, Constitutional Law of Canada, Looseleaf, 5th ed., Thomson
Carswell, Scarborough, 2007, 22.4
1318:
98:'Undertaking' is not a physical thing but is an arrangement under which of course physical things are used."
1206:
1020:
1160:
682:
427:
717:
661:
437:
1079:
1062:
511:
133:
516:
494:
124:
1244:
1186:
1074:
499:
447:
396:
1249:
1201:
1035:
737:
526:
483:
375:
21:
1196:
1191:
1131:
66:
727:
8:
1136:
534:
299:
1216:
1211:
1176:
1045:
667:
504:
422:
311:
1126:
1089:
464:
320:
1040:
722:
687:
677:
222:''The Corporation of the City of Toronto'' v. ''Bell Telephone Company of Canada''
1121:
1067:
173:
69:
exercises authority over these three matters under section 91(29), which states:
47:(b) Lines of Steam Ships between the Province and any British or Foreign Country;
34:
10. Local Works and
Undertakings other than such as are of the following Classes:
1052:
116:
1307:
1279:
1181:
1084:
458:
651:
271:
672:
344:
706:
442:
410:
110:
652:
Amendments and other constitutional documents 1867–1982
1234:
1159:
736:
525:
939:
Part II – Rights of the
Aboriginal peoples of Canada
338:"The declaratory power in the Canadian constitution"
1305:
955:Part III – Equalization and regional disparities
747:Part I – Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
335:
157:The City of Montreal v. Montreal Street Railway
92:"These works are physical things not services."
459:Report on the Affairs of British North America
360:
453:Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada
297:
412:Pre-Confederation constitutional documents
374:
367:
353:
1109:
111:Declaratory power under section 92(10)(c)
79:
300:"Some Comments on Section 92(10) of the
728:Kitchen Accord/Night of the Long Knives
621:Fines and penalties for provincial laws
168:
166:
86:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
1306:
269:
1233:
1158:
1108:
1058:Individual ministerial responsibility
1007:
704:
650:
481:
409:
348:
272:"Preliminary Observations on the Law"
236:Capital Cities Communications v. CRTC
186:Attorney General of Ontario v. Winner
626:Matters of a local or private nature
163:
1255:Constitution Act (British Columbia)
13:
1235:Provincial constitutions of Canada
1161:Interpretation of the Constitution
291:
14:
1330:
1026:Cabinet collective responsibility
568:Peace, order, and good government
482:
1286:
1285:
1273:
387:List of constitutional documents
1008:
705:
495:Charlottetown Conference, 1864
392:Amendments to the Constitution
263:
250:
228:
214:
205:
189:
180:
149:
1:
1142:Other unsuccessful amendments
1207:Interjurisdictional immunity
1031:Disallowance and reservation
683:Statute of Westminster, 1931
27:works and undertakings power
7:
583:Matters excepted from s. 92
10:
1335:
1172:Indigenous self-government
662:British North America Acts
448:Constitutional Act of 1791
438:Royal Proclamation of 1763
433:Constitution of New France
1267:
1240:
1229:
1167:
1154:
1117:
1104:
1080:Parliamentary sovereignty
1021:At His Majesty's pleasure
1016:
1003:
970:
954:
938:
745:
713:
700:
657:
646:
616:Administration of justice
611:Property and civil rights
591:
558:
490:
477:
418:
405:
382:
245:Quebec (Attorney General)
134:Atomic Energy Control Act
517:Fathers of Confederation
397:Quasi-constitutional law
336:Claude Bélanger (2001).
270:Greene, I (2005-09-23).
142:
125:Ontario Hydro v. Ontario
1245:Constitution of Alberta
1187:Equal authenticity rule
1075:Parliamentary privilege
512:London Conference, 1866
500:Quebec Conference, 1864
1314:Constitution of Canada
1250:Constitution of Quebec
1202:Implied Bill of Rights
1036:Responsible government
738:Constitution Act, 1982
718:Fulton–Favreau formula
688:Newfoundland Act, 1949
678:Saskatchewan Act, 1905
606:Works and undertakings
527:Constitution Act, 1867
376:Constitution of Canada
302:Constitution Act, 1867
200:Communications Workers
80:Extent of jurisdiction
77:
58:
22:Constitution Act, 1867
1111:Constitutional debate
423:Iroquois constitution
71:
31:
1319:Federalism in Canada
1132:Charlottetown Accord
428:Mi'kmaq constitution
298:I.H. Fraser (1984).
67:Parliament of Canada
25:, also known as the
1137:Calgary Declaration
535:Canadian federalism
1217:Dialogue principle
1177:Pith and substance
1046:King-in-Parliament
971:Part VII – General
668:Manitoba Act, 1870
573:Trade and commerce
505:Quebec Resolutions
443:Quebec Act of 1774
312:McGill Law Journal
1301:
1300:
1280:Canada portal
1263:
1262:
1225:
1224:
1150:
1149:
1127:Meech Lake Accord
1100:
1099:
1090:Royal prerogative
999:
998:
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991:
990:
696:
695:
673:Alberta Act, 1905
642:
641:
638:
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634:
633:
473:
472:
465:Act of Union 1840
321:McGill Law School
239:, 2 S.C.R. 141;
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1289:
1288:
1278:
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1231:
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1212:Purposive theory
1156:
1155:
1106:
1105:
1041:Fusion of powers
1005:
1004:
743:
742:
734:
733:
723:Victoria Charter
702:
701:
648:
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1304:
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1302:
1297:
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1221:
1163:
1146:
1122:Triple-E Senate
1113:
1096:
1068:Question Period
1012:
987:
966:
950:
934:
732:
709:
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653:
630:
593:
587:
560:
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486:
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326:
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292:Further reading
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247:, 1 S.C.R. 927
233:
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202:, 1 S.C.R. 115
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174:Radio Reference
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63:ejusdem generis
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1063:Interpellation
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1053:Implied repeal
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117:infrastructure
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17:Section 92(10)
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592:Powers under
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484:Confederation
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559:Powers under
325:. Retrieved
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278:. Retrieved
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1197:Living tree
1192:Paramountcy
1010:Conventions
664:, 1867–1982
550:Section 125
545:Section 121
88:held that:
1308:Categories
707:Patriation
594:Section 92
561:Section 91
280:2007-09-15
601:Licensing
327:5 January
323:: 557–607
1292:Category
755:Preamble
540:Preamble
177:A.C. 304
160:A.C. 333
225:A.C. 52
19:of the
461:(1839)
455:(1838)
260:, 22.8
319:(4).
307:(PDF)
275:(PPT)
243:. v.
143:Notes
840:16.1
329:2013
258:Hogg
256:see
84:The
198:v.
1310::
983:59
978:52
962:36
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165:^
119:.
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368:e
361:t
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331:.
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96:"
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