San Joaquin River - Knowledge

895:), equaling a flow of roughly 8,300 to 10,900 cu ft/s (240 to 310 m/s). Some early estimates even range as high as 14 million acre-feet (17.3 million m), or more than 19,300 cu ft/s (550 m/s). The numerous tributaries of the San Joaquin – the Fresno, Chowchilla, Merced, Tuolumne, Mariposa Creek, Calaveras, Mokelumne, and others – flowed freely across alluvial flood plains to join the river. All of the major tributaries of the river originate in the Sierra Nevada; most of the streams that start in the Coast Range are intermittent, and contribute little to the flow of the San Joaquin. During the winter, spring, and early summer, storms and snowmelt swell the river; in 1914 – before the development of major dams and irrigation diversions – the California Department of Engineering estimated the river's flow in full flood at 325,000 cu ft/s (9,200 m/s). In late summer and autumn, there is little water left over to replenish stream flow. Historically, groundwater seepage from Tulare Lake maintained a significant base flow in the river during the dry months – some accounts suggest over 50 percent. 2277:

spawning beds, so that they gradually become smaller and smaller. The smaller pieces of gravel are more easily picked up and moved downstream, leaving behind larger pieces that the salmon are unable to move to bury their eggs in a process called redd construction. This further crowds the salmon into smaller and smaller suitable spawning beds, which increases the likelihood of redd superimposition. This is when spawners construct their redds, or pockets in the gravel to lay their eggs in, on top of preexisting redds, thereby killing or burying some of the eggs in the pre-existing redds. The EPA has also stated that the remaining gravel is "probably fairly highly embedded and therefore of reduced quality and unavailable to fish for spawning". The Temperature of the water can also affect the level of spawning. The best temperatures for spring and fall run Chinook salmon are between 42 °F and 57 °F. However, in 77% of the years studied by the San Joaquin River Restoration Program, water temperatures were elevated above 57 °F and abnormalities and egg morbidity rates increased.

1979:, a few miles upstream of Friant. The proposed $ 1.2-3.5 billion dam would stand 665 ft (203 m) high and create a reservoir of 1,260,000 acre⋅ft (1,550,000 dam), well over twice the capacity of Millerton Lake. Proponents of the project cite numerous benefits: flood control, increased storage, hydroelectric potential, and capacity to provide a greater flow in the downstream river during the dry season. It would also give dam operators the advantage of being able to maintain the river to a lower temperature due to the reservoir's great depth. The new reservoir would provide an estimated annual yield of 208,000 acre⋅ft (257,000 dam). In November 2014 the dam received $ 171 million of state funding from Proposition 1A, though project backers had sought $ 1 billion in funding. 1127: 1910:, a USBR project which conveys up to 4,600 cu ft/s (130 m/s) for 117 mi (188 km) from the mouth of the Sacramento River to the usually dry San Joaquin at that point. Water from Mendota is distributed in two directions: released into the San Joaquin for downstream diversions at the Sack Dam, another small diversion dam; and into Fresno Slough during the dry season, when no water is flowing in from the Kings River. The latter sends water into the Tulare Basin through the natural channel of the slough, which in essence conveys water in either direction depending on the time of year – north into the San Joaquin during the rainy season, south into the Tulare during the dry months. 913:, 78 miles (126 km) above Suisun Bay and 2.6 miles (4.2 km) below the mouth of the Stanislaus River, the average discharge of the San Joaquin River between 1924 and 2011 was 4,525 cu ft/s (128.1 m/s), or 3.3 million acre-feet (4.0 million m) per year. The highest recorded annual mean was 21,280 cu ft/s (603 m/s), 15.4 million acre-feet (19.0 million m), in 1983, while the lowest was 575 cu ft/s (16.3 m/s), 416,000 acre-feet (513,000,000 m), in 1977. The maximum peak flow occurred on December 9, 1950, at 79,000 cu ft/s (2,200 m/s), and a low flow of 30 cu ft/s (0.85 m/s) was recorded on August 10, 1961. 9833: 2289:

as well as various canal intakes. Recent years have seen work by the California Department of Water Resources and the California Department of Fish and Game to construct and manage temporary rock barriers at the head of the Old River in order to keep fish in the main channel of the San Joaquin River. In the fall of 2009, just 2,236 salmon returned to the entire river system to spawn; this has led to a government ban on salmon fishing off the coasts of northern California and Oregon. Recent years have seen efforts to bring back some of the salmon population to the San Joaquin and some of its tributaries; these include the establishment of

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average of those years of 879 cu ft/s (24.9 m/s). The water temperature range from 7°Celsius (44.5 °F) in February 2006 to a high of 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) on Oct 4, 2014. This range is less extreme than the temperatures below Vernalis where the range is from 2°Celsius (35.6 °F)on Dec 26, 1987 to 35.5 °C (95.9 °F) on August 9, 1990. The river typically ends above the Mendota Pool. Larger flows in the fall may make it possible for the river to extend further towards the ocean, but for the last several years, this is a rare occurrence. The water is largely held behind Friant Dam.

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forest and park land that encompass 26.8% of the total land area. Built-up areas use a much smaller percentage of the watershed, at just 1.9%. In the San Joaquin's direct drainage region (not including the Tulare Basin) agricultural cover was 19.2%, forests embraced 28.4%, and urban areas occupied 2.4% as of 1995. The basin's main population centers are in the north and south and population density generally increases from west to east. In fact, despite the relatively small percentage of developed areas, more than 50% of the population lives in the watershed's four largest cities:

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350,000 acres (140,000 ha) under irrigation along the river by 1900 – this figure has only grown hugely since then – the river and its tributaries became much narrower, siltier and shallower, with large consequences for the natural environment, for sustainability of water supplies in its valley, and also huge changes for water politics in the state. The San Joaquin and its tributaries seemed to give rise to just about every single possible argument over water, including such cases as "When is a river not a river?" referring to the difference between a

1296: 662: 2462:. These primarily entail the cleanup of existing wetlands and procuring additional water supplies, rather than converting agricultural land back into the original swamp and marsh. Since wetlands can provide a natural form of flood control – wetlands act like sponges, absorbing flood flows during the rainy season and releasing the accumulated water during the dry season – and also can filter out many forms of toxins, especially from fertilizers, they are important to maintaining good water quality in the San Joaquin River. Wetlands preservation group 1951:

tributaries: Berenda and Ash Sloughs, the Chowchilla River, Owens Creek and Bear Creek. Near the terminus, the bypass channel has a capacity of roughly 18,500 cu ft/s (520 m/s). The Eastside Bypass ends just upstream of the Merced River confluence, where the San Joaquin levee system is better designed. However, the levees on the bypass channel are generally more well-built than those on the San Joaquin mainstem and thus the channel of the San Joaquin runs dry in some places where the entire flow has been diverted to the bypass system.

1186: 1992: 1324: 1764: 1574:. Many of these people settled in the San Joaquin Valley, most in the existing towns such as Stockton, Fresno and Bakersfield but some establishing new settlements. These included San Joaquin City, near the confluence of the San Joaquin with the Stanislaus, probably the largest of these post-gold-rush boomtowns. Established in 1851, the town maintained considerable size until 1880, when trade competition from nearby Stockton caused it to diminish. Another notable but much smaller settlement was Las Juntas, near present-day 2265: 1020: 1481: 1813:, can handle fully loaded vessels of up to 60,000 short tons (120,000,000 lb; 54,000,000 kg) and up to 900 ft (270 m) long. However, the navigation works have unexpectedly led to low dissolved oxygen levels in the lower San Joaquin River, which has hurt fish populations. This is believed to be a result of the combination of the abrupt geometry change from the shallow river upstream of Stockton to the deep water channel, in addition to pollution from the harbor and city and poor tidal mixing. 2377: 46: 1632: 1822: 31: 686: 9710: 9698: 2501: 2482:. If combined with the 16,200 sq mi (42,000 km) Tulare Basin, which historically (and still rarely) experiences northerly outflow to the San Joaquin River, it would be the largest single drainage basin entirely in the state. The San Joaquin River basin is roughly synonymous with the San Joaquin Valley, and is bounded by the Sierra Nevada to the east, the Coast Ranges on the west, and the Tehachapi Mountains on the south. 1940: 1228:, on September 21 of that year and traveled east into the San Joaquin Valley. The group skirted the western foothills of the Sierra and christened many place names that remain in use today. In 1807 and 1808, Moraga set out again to the San Joaquin Valley. It was during one of these expeditions that he gave the river its present name, after St. Joachim. He also gave names to many tributaries of the river, such as the Merced River ( 8538: 1640:

the Kern River in the south to the Chowchilla River in the north. Much of the land that Miller and Lux acquired was swamp and marsh, which was considered virtually worthless. However, with their huge capital, they could afford to drain thousands of acres of it, beginning an enormous environmental change that eventually resulted in the loss of over 95 percent of the wetlands adjoining the San Joaquin River and Tulare Basin.

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Joaquin River including whitewater runs, fishing areas and historic sites. It would also inundate two Big Creek Hydro powerhouses, causing a potential net loss of electricity generation. There would be significant evaporation losses from the reservoir, and the water required to fill it would put further pressure on already stressed water resources in the San Joaquin River basin.

1612:, as the larger districts, including his, had more financial reserves and engineering expertise, and were the first to build dams and diversions on a large scale. This resulted in the drying out of streams and rivers before they reached downstream users and sparked conflict over how much water could be allotted to whom. In Haggin's case, his company ran into problems with the 2105:, alluvial deposits, winding channels and waterways. Since then, most of the Delta islands have been cultivated, and consistent use of the land has resulted in subsidence, in some cases up to 25 ft (7.6 m). Water diversions from the rivers feeding it have increased salinity, which has in turn caused declines in fish populations that once thrived in the region. 2070:. How to mimic the sudden flight of flocks so immense they extinguished the sun? One of the first white men to camp along the lake could think of only one noise, the roar of a freight train, that compared with the takeoff of the birds." Historically, the grasslands and the fringes of the great marshes and lakes provided habitat for large grazing animals including 1598:, which were formed to construct and maintain canals in certain areas of the valley. One of the first was the Robla Canal Company in the Merced River area, which went into operation in March 1876, but was soon surpassed by the Farmers Canal Company. The district built a diversion dam on the Merced, sending its water into a pair of canals still in use today. 1552:. Within one year, the population of the San Joaquin Valley increased by more than 80,000. The city of Stockton, on the lower San Joaquin, quickly grew from a sleepy backwater to a thriving trading center, the stopping-off point for miners headed to the gold fields in the foothills of the Sierra. Rough ways such as the Millerton Road which later became the 1644:

well-developed, maintained irrigation canals. As said by Tom Mott, the son of Miller and Lux' irrigation superintendent, "Miller realized you couldn't do anything with the land unless you had the water to go with it. Perhaps more than any other person, Miller had more of a lasting impact on the San Joaquin River than any other individual."

1119:, formerly the largest freshwater lake in the western United States, which connected with the San Joaquin through a series of marshes and sloughs. The rich vegetation and wildlife surrounding these bodies of water made the San Joaquin Valley a favored home as well as a stopping-off place for other nomadic peoples. The native people, mostly 1084:. The aquifer underlying the San Joaquin River and Tulare Basin is estimated to hold nearly 686,000,000 acre⋅ft (846,000,000 dam) of water, of which about half can be pumped economically or is clean enough for human use. The aquifer receives in excess of 1,600,000 acre⋅ft (2,000,000 dam) of inflow per year, mostly from 2323:

better technology that allowed farmers to dig deeper wells and install electrical pumps, groundwater was seen as an often cheaper and easily accessible source compared to the river. Water imported from Northern California through the Central Valley Project managed to stave off increasing rates of withdrawal for several years, until the

1065:, more than 20,000 ft (6,100 m) of sediments were deposited at the foot of the Sierras by tidal activity, and the ancestral San Joaquin and its tributaries flowed west over this alluvial plain to the sea, dumping their own sediments onto the marine deposits. Compressional forces along the boundary of the 540:, emigrated to the San Joaquin basin. When Spain colonized the area, they sent soldiers from Mexico, who were usually of mixed native Mexican and Spanish birth, led by Spanish officers. Franciscan missionaries from Spain came with the expeditions to evangelize the natives by teaching them about the Catholic faith. 2442:

work is projected to continue until 2016 to ensure that the river can transport 4,500 cu ft/s (130 m/s) of water through rainfall and releases from Friant Dam all the way to Bear Creek and the Eastside bypass. The higher capacity of the river is also to accommodate rainfall or prevent flooding.

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Land cover in the watershed is predominantly agriculture and forest, and large expanses of shrubland and semiarid foothill terrain also occupy portions of the basin in addition to a growing urban percentage. Irrigated land covers 30% of the watershed followed by forested areas in addition to national

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is now considered "ubiquitous" to the San Joaquin River system. The selenium is believed to originate from soils on the west side of the valley and in the Coast Ranges, which are rich with the element. Additionally, the San Joaquin is suffering chronic salinity problems due to high levels of minerals

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Hundreds of years ago, the San Joaquin flowed freely through a grass and marsh-dominated region variously known as the "California prairie", "California annual grassland", or "Central Valley grasslands". It is widely believed that the dominant grass species throughout the San Joaquin River valley and

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The bypass system starts with the Chowchilla Canal Bypass, which can divert up to 5,500 cu ft/s (160 m/s) off the San Joaquin, a few miles above Mendota. After intercepting the flow of the Fresno River, the system is known as the Eastside Bypass, which runs northwest, crossing numerous

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The San Joaquin was once navigable by steamboats as far upstream as Fresno, but agricultural diversions have greatly slowed and shallowed the river. In addition, this has caused the river to drop large amounts of silt that formerly washed out to sea in its bed, further reducing the depth. In the late

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Relations between the Spanish and the Native Americans in the earlier expeditions to the valley were initially friendly, and the indigenous people began to grow accustomed to the Spanish that later came to the San Joaquin River region. As early as the 1807 Moraga expedition, it was reported that some

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near Suisun Bay on March 30 and there gazed upon the merging courses of the Sacramento, San Joaquin and Mokelumne Rivers. Another narrative does not mention Fages' name, but does say that Crespí was the one who reached Suisun Bay in 1772. During this visit, Crespí called the San Joaquin River "El Rio

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The Yokuts were unique among California natives in that they were divided into true tribes. Each had a name, a language, and a territory. Of the about 63 known Yokuts tribes, 33 lived along or around the San Joaquin River and its tributaries. The staple food for San Joaquin Valley inhabitants was the

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length, watershed and discharge noted. Rivers of the Tulare Basin are noted below the San Joaquin's direct tributaries with their individual data. Most of the tributaries had much larger flows before irrigation diversions – for example, the Tuolumne's historic discharge was almost 48% higher than it

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Even after better practices and new sources of water through federal projects, groundwater pumping continues at a tremendous rate. The San Joaquin Valley aquifer lost about 60,000,000 acre⋅ft (74,000,000 dam) from 1961 to 2003, which despite being a dramatic reduction from the 1960s, still

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Construction of dams in the San Joaquin watershed has led to nearly all of the good spawning streams, located higher in the mountains near the headwaters of the San Joaquin and its tributaries, being cut off to the salmon. The remaining areas left for the salmon to spawn in are undesirable. Prior to

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as part of the Crane Valley hydroelectric project. Water from Bass Lake was diverted to a powerhouse on the San Joaquin River beginning in 1917, and two more powerhouses were added in 1919, increasing the total generating capacity to about 28 MW. The Crane Valley project and San Joaquin Electric was

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Miller and Lux were not any newer to the San Joaquin Valley than had been Haggin, but were the driving influence on valley agribusiness until well into the early 20th century. The corporation had begun acquiring land in the valley in 1858, eventually holding sway over an enormous swath reaching from

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navigation quickly became an important transportation link on the San Joaquin River, and during the "June Rise", as boat operators called the San Joaquin's annual high water levels during snowmelt, large craft could make it as far upstream as Fresno. During the peak years of the gold rush, the river

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The present conditions of the San Joaquin River at Friant Dam, the average discharge was 324 cu ft/s (9.2 m/s), or 0.234 million acre-feet per year. The highest average discharge between 1941 and 2015 was in 1983 when the discharge was 4,385 cu ft/s (124.2 m/s), with an

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completed by the end of 2013. Phase One will include interim flows of up to 475 cu ft/s (13.5 m/s). Capacity will be increased to handle up to 4,500 cu ft/s (130 m/s) from Friant Dam to the Mendota Dam by December 2013. A fish ladder will also be added to the Sack Dam.

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that prey on salmon smolt are also a major contributor to the decline. The San Joaquin's point of divergence with the distributary Old River has historically created a sort of bottleneck for out migrating salmon because the Old River in turn branches into many side-channels and sloughs of the delta

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The population was calculated by adding the populations of 13 of the 18 counties together. Alameda, Sacramento, San Benito, Solano and Contra Costa counties are omitted because they have barely any land within the San Joaquin watershed; in addition, their main population centers are outside of the

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As of 2009, the San Joaquin River watershed had a human population of roughly 4,039,000, about 1.9 million of whom live within the section of the watershed not including the Tulare Basin. The largest cities are Bakersfield, near the south end of the valley on the Kern River; Fresno, roughly in the

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The overwhelming majority of the economic base in the San Joaquin River watershed is provided by agriculture. The valley is widely considered one of the most productive farming regions in the world, and the top four U.S. counties ranked by agricultural production are all located in the San Joaquin

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Phase One improvements include the following: The San Joaquin River east of Los Banos will be increased to route up to 475 cu ft/s (13.5 m/s) of water by December 2011. Salmon will be re-introduced to the river in 2012, most habitat conservation work on the San Joaquin River will be

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Groundwater withdrawal reached its peak during the 1960s with more than 8,000,000 acre⋅ft (9,900,000 dam) being drawn from the aquifer each year – over twice the present flow of the San Joaquin River – which accounted for 69.6% of all the groundwater pumped within the Central Valley, and

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that once thrived in huge stands on the edges of marshes and lakes. Some of the richest remaining marsh habitats are in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which, despite significant agricultural and infrastructure development, has retained many of its original swamps and backwaters. Before the 19th

2042:. Once, the seasonal bird populations in the San Joaquin basin were immense, especially in the now-dry Tulare Lake region: "It took something different, though, to capture the sound of the blue sky as it turned dark and deafening from the wings and cries of millions of native and migratory birds – 1982:

However, opponents assert that the upper San Joaquin River, which is already controlled by dozens of smaller reservoirs upstream of Millerton Lake, will not provide sufficient discharge to fill the reservoir except in very wet years. The new reservoir would flood 15 mi (24 km) of the San

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By the early 20th century, so much water was being diverted off the San Joaquin River and its tributaries that the river was no longer suitable for navigational purposes. As a result, commercial navigation began a decline starting in the late 19th century and was completely gone by 1911. With over

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tribes, scattered around the more arid southern portion of the basin. During these pre-European times, the San Joaquin River flowed through rich grasslands and sprawling marshes, flooding every few years and transforming much of the valley into lakes. At the southern end of the valley lay the vast

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In a geologic context, the San Joaquin River can be divided into two major segments. The upper 97 mi (156 km) above Friant Dam in the Sierra is characterized as a steep-gradient, rocky mountain stream. Over millions of years, the upper San Joaquin, as well as the upper reaches of most of

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Phase Two improvements include the following: The USBR will begin releasing up to 600 cu ft/s (17 m/s), or "full restoration flows", from the Friant Dam in 2014. Flows will depend on whether the year is wet, dry or for intermediate levels of precipitation. Additional rehabilitation

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has been an important source of irrigation supply since the late 19th century. Historically, surface water was able to provide all the needed supply, but as agricultural lands spread across more and more of the valley, groundwater pumping became increasingly common. Also, with the introduction of

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The total cost of the restoration, one of the largest river recovery efforts in the United States, could be up to $ 800 million or even a billion dollars. Approximately $ 330 million will be paid by Central Valley farmers, and the state and federal governments will provide the remaining funding.

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This significant loss of suitable spawning habitat is due to lack of spawning-sized gravel recruitment from lateral and upstream sources due to the installation of manmade barriers that block this gravel from passing naturally downstream. Without recruitment, high flow releases scour gravel from

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approximately 24 mi (39 km) downstream, to the confluence with the Merced River. The flows were initially 350 cu ft/s (9.9 m/s) in that year. The increased flows will not only begin to restore large areas of desiccated riverside habitat below the dam, but will serve the

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was likely in the vicinity of 200,000 to 500,000 spawners annually, but by the mid-20th century, reduction in river flows led to the run dropping to about 3,000-7,000. Some sources put the historic populations as high as three hundred thousand, but this is highly unlikely because of the limited

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included provisions for the construction of a levee system along part of the San Joaquin River, but valley farmers were not entirely satisfied. After years of lobbying, farmers convinced the state government to authorize a massive flood-control system of diversion channels and levees whose main

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Dams on the San Joaquin and four additional reservoirs on its tributaries with a total storage capacity of 560,000 acre⋅ft (690,000 dam), started in 1911. A total of eight dams and tunnels, the longest of which stretches 21,600 ft (6,600 m), and nine powerhouses with a total

1161:, which when ground, could be made into various foods such as cakes. Grinding the acorns was a simple process where they crushed the nuts using rocks in natural granite depressions. Many of the surviving examples of acorn milling areas can still be found in the foothills, especially around the 2227:. Initially, animals and plants thrived in the artificial wetlands that were created here, but in 1983, it was found that birds had suffered severe deformities and deaths due to steadily increasing levels of chemicals and toxins. In the next few years, all the fish species died except for the 1500:

brought unintentionally by the Europeans that had swept down the San Joaquin River corridor during the summer of 1833, killing between 50 and 75 percent of the entire native population in the valley. The outbreak continued year after year with diminishing acuteness until about 50,000–60,000

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Henry Miller exercised enormous political power in the state, and most San Joaquin Valley inhabitants either were avid supporters of him or despised him. When Miller died in 1916, his company owned 900,000 acres (360,000 ha) in the San Joaquin Valley alone with hundreds of miles of

2497:. Most of the elevation change in the San Joaquin occurs within the first 97 mi (156 km) above Friant Dam. Its highest headwaters are at over 12,000 ft (3,700 m), but by the time the river reaches the foothills, it is a mere 580 ft (180 m) above sea level. 1465:. Smith noted the fertility and natural beauty of the area, and the apparent peace of the Native Americans living in the villages he passed. His expedition then turned east in an attempt to cross the Sierra Nevada. They tried to summit the range by way of both the Kings River and the 7262: 1701:, and acquired water rights to the upper San Joaquin River from the Miller and Lux Corporation. During that year, Huntington and Eastwood devised plans to utilize the water of the San Joaquin River and some of its headwaters tributaries in what would become one of the most extensive 1461:, California, when the region was under control of the Mexican government. As this was in violation of a law which prevented foreigners from entering California, and he could have been arrested for spying, he traveled north into the San Joaquin Valley, searching for populations of 1219:

The San Joaquin River region remained largely unknown except for the fact of its existence until 1806, when Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga led the first of several subsequent expeditions into the Central Valley, in order to find potential mission sites. Moraga started out from

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that are applied to the surrounding farmland. In turn, the boost in flow could assist restoration efforts and help flush out saline water in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, where water is pumped into state aqueducts which provide water supplies to two-thirds of Californians.

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The Central Valley as a whole contains 800,000,000 acre⋅ft (990,000,000 dam) of groundwater. Of this, 114,000,000 acre⋅ft (141,000,000 dam) are in the Sacramento Valley. The remaining 686,000,000 acre⋅ft (846,000,000 dam) are in the San Joaquin

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In addition to the dry reaches, the higher discharge in the San Joaquin will help restore a total of 153 mi (246 km) of river, figuring in stretches with low or polluted flows. It is also hoped that the water will help dilute contaminants in the river caused by

1624:, who owned more than 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) throughout the San Joaquin Valley, Tulare Basin, and other regions of California. The court battle that resulted would change water laws and rights in the San Joaquin River valley, and ended up promoting large-scale 1809:, plus five smaller straightening projects. The navigation project shortened the river length by 4 mi (6.4 km) and deepened it to 37 ft (11 m). Additional deepening work was carried out in 1968 and 1982. Today, the navigation channel, known as the 1561:

in the Stockton area was reportedly crowded with hundreds of abandoned oceangoing craft, whose crew had deserted for the gold fields. The multitude of idle ships was such a blockade that at several occasions they were burned just to clear a way for riverboat traffic.

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Environmental Protection Agency. Upper San Joaquin River Basin Storage Investigation Draft Environmental Impact Assessment, Fresno and Madera Counties, California. CEQ # 20140260. By: Lisa B. Hanf. Washington D.C. ; United States Government Printing, 2014.

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The counties at least partially in the San Joaquin-Tulare watershed are, in alphabetical order: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Calaveras, Contra Costa, Fresno, Kings, Kern, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Sacramento, San Benito, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Solano, Tulare, and

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Although the gold rush attracted tens of thousands of newcomers to the San Joaquin River area, deposits of the precious mineral petered out within a few years, especially on the upper reaches of the San Joaquin and its tributaries which were only suitable for

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For its size, the San Joaquin River is one of the most polluted rivers in the United States, especially in its lower course. Years of pesticides and fertilizers being applied to the surrounding lands as well as municipal runoff have led to elevated levels of

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In 2009, the Bureau of Reclamation began to release water from Friant Dam in an effort to restore two once-dry stretches of the San Joaquin of about 64 mi (103 km). These two reaches are from below the dam to Mendota Pool, and from the Sack Dam, a

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more commonly known as purple needlegrass. Today, this vegetation community exists only in isolated pockets because of development of the valley for agriculture, and in much of the remnant open areas where it once thrived, now grows introduced flora such as

1920:"It was a beautiful river that ran clear and cold. In those days it even had a smell of its own; it was a fresh and inviting smell. While something had to be done to control the flooding, it's a damn shame that they had to kill the river in the process." 1906:. Built in 1871 at the juncture of the San Joaquin River and Fresno Slough, it initially served to divert water into the Main Canal, an irrigation canal for the riverside bottomlands in the San Joaquin Valley. In 1951, Mendota became the terminus of the 2152:

to the Sacramento-San Joaquin basin. Most native fish stocks have suffered because of predation by introduced species and dam construction. In a study from 1993 to 1995, it was found that the main stem of the San Joaquin River was mainly populated by

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watershed and Tulare Basin. The crops grown in these four counties alone are valued at over $ 12.6 billion annually, while the production of the entire valley is estimated at more than $ 14.4 billion. The main crop in the valley by annual sales is

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noted in 1839 that "... cholera or some other fearful scourge broke out among them and raged with such fearful fatality that they were unable either to bury or burn their dead, and the air was filled with the stench of their decaying bodies."

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proliferated in the foul water. These have had not only an adverse impact on San Joaquin River ecology, but also cause pollution to the sources of most of the large aqueducts in the state – the California and Delta-Mendota Canals, for example.

1521:"drove a herd of cattle from his Riverside rancho through the San Joaquin Valley to Stockton and reported seeing not a single white man". After the Americans took over, emigrants began trickling in increased numbers, establishing the towns of 1145:, including the adjacent foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the east and parts of the Coast Range to the west. In contrast, the Miwok occupied land deeper within the Sierra Nevada stretching north from the Merced River to the Mokelumne or the 531:

People have inhabited the San Joaquin Valley for more than 8,000 years, and it was long one of the major population centers of pre-Columbian California. Starting in the late 18th century, successive waves of explorers then settlers, mainly

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for the San Joaquin Valley, found itself increasingly landlocked because the San Joaquin River, its main connection to the sea, was rapidly silting up. The early 20th century saw proposals to maintain a minimum depth in the lower river by

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Early 1900s hydroelectric development in the upper San Joaquin River basin was not limited to Southern California Edison. In 1910, the San Joaquin Electric Company built a dam on Willow Creek, a tributary of the San Joaquin River, forming

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and the San Francisco Bay along the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, brought settlements from the United States into the valley. During Mexican rule, the mission lands in the San Joaquin Valley were subdivided to wealthy landowners

1057:(66 MYA-present), which together comprise the flat floor of the Central Valley. The tremendous volume of sediments that underlie the lower San Joaquin River ranges from 6 to 9.5 mi (9.7 to 15.3 km) deep, with distance to 1123:, lived off this land of abundance; during the 18th century, the population of the San Joaquin Valley was estimated at more than 69,000, representing one of the greatest concentrations of native people anywhere in North America. 795:

The majority of the river flows through quiet agricultural bottom lands, and as a result its meandering course manages to avoid most of the urban areas and cities in the San Joaquin Valley. About 11 mi (18 km) west of

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hit the United States, and California was unable to raise the funds necessary for building the various facilities. As a result, the project was transferred to the federal government and switched hands several times between the

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and millions of migratory birds, today the river is subject to tremendous water-supply, navigation and regulation works by various federal agencies, which have dramatically reduced the flow of the river since the 20th century.

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the building of the Friant Dam in 1944, the San Joaquin River was believed to have over 6,000 miles of streambed suitable and available to spawning salmon. However, in 1993 it was estimated that there was just 300 miles.

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The San Joaquin River was last connected to the ocean in 2010. By reconnecting, it means the portion from Friant Dam to where the San Joaquin River joins the Merced river above Vernalis. This may happen in 2016 or 2017.

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cattle and horses for food, the Spanish retaliated by burning camps and villages. Such conflict created enormous cultural loss, and violence continually escalated between the two sides, with no apparent end in sight.

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As early as the 1870s, state and federal agencies were already looking at the Central Valley as an area in need of a large water transport project. In 1931 California's Department of Water Resources came up with the

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were built in stages spanning the 20th century, with the last powerhouse coming on line in 1987. The consistent use and reuse of the waters of the San Joaquin River, its South Fork, and the namesake of the project,

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Construction of Friant Dam, the main dam on the San Joaquin River, began in 1937 and was completed in 1942. The dam serves for irrigation and flood control storage, but its main purpose is to divert water into the

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nearly 14 percent of all the groundwater withdrawn in the United States. In a 1970 study, it was found that more than 5,200 sq mi (13,000 km) of the San Joaquin River valley had been affected by

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Archaeological finds near the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley suggested that humans first arrived in the region as early as 12,000 but no later than 5,000 years ago. The two major ethnic groups were the

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counties. The diversion of water off the San Joaquin at Friant Dam leaves little more than a trickle below the dam in most years, except for releases serving farms in the immediate area downstream of Friant.

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It was in the mid-1860s that the San Joaquin River and its surrounds underwent a substantial change: the introduction of irrigated agriculture. As early as 1863, small irrigation canals were built in the

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In late 2012, even though there are still dams in the way of allowing salmon to navigate the entire river, attempts were made to get salmon to lay eggs in the upper portion of the river near Friant Dam.

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In 1926, Stockton pooled its finances with the federal and state governments for a total of $ 8.2 million. Construction on the channel, which included widening and deepening the riverbed and cutting off

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and a marsh. It has been said that fights over the river have caused "some of the most bitter and longest running lawsuits ever to clog the courts. Arguably, it is the most litigated river in America."

1927:

Even with the presence of Friant and numerous other flood control dams, large floods still caused significant damage along the San Joaquin River all the way through the late 1950s. The passage of the

6671: 2516:. To the north, a low series of ridges separates the San Joaquin River basin from that of the Sacramento River. The Coast Ranges bound the watershed on the west and borders on the drainages of the 2351:

amounts to nearly 1,500,000 acre⋅ft (1,900,000 dam) per year. The subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal has threatened infrastructure in the San Joaquin Valley, including the

2027:. The vegetation communities created by the introduced grasses are sometimes referred to as "valley grassland", which is highly seasonal but is spread throughout the Central Valley from near 1845:, which entailed the construction of dams and canals to transport water from the Sacramento River to the rapidly dwindling San Joaquin. The project was still in its planning stages when the 8522: 4177: 902:

The typical monthly flow of the San Joaquin River near the Sack Dam is 0. There have been seepage concerns below this part of the river, so current flows are restricted below the Sack Dam.

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has declined more than 400 feet (120 m) vertically, forcing farmers to sink their wells as deep as 3,500 ft (1,100 m) to hit more abundant pockets of the underground water.

1216:("beautiful view") to the pass and a nearby Native American village. However, Fages did not venture farther north, and thus did not further explore the main stem of the San Joaquin River. 764:. With most of its water diverted into aqueducts, the river frequently runs dry in a 150-mile section. This lack of riverwater begins in the 60 mi (97 km) between Friant Dam and 9333: 4252: 2532:. To the east, the Sierra Nevada separate the San Joaquin drainage from those of multiple smaller rivers that terminate in various Great Basin lakes. From north to south, these are the 6498: 3343: 1882:. Both are irrigation and municipal supply canals serving primarily agricultural interests. Water from the Friant Dam supplies almost 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) of farmland in 1252:

and as a result the conversos in the missions were no longer protected by the missionaries from exploitation. The Mexican government began to tax the missions excessively. From 1820,

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The present annual flow of the San Joaquin River near Vernalis is about 5,110 cu ft/s (145 m/s), or 4.5 million acre-feet (5.6 million m) per year. According to USGS

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in excess of 1 ft (0.30 m). The maximum drop in elevation was near Mendota, the northward bend of the San Joaquin River, at over 28 feet (8.5 m). In some areas, the

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between 2-4 MYA resulted in the uplift of the Coast Ranges, creating an enclosed basin today known as the Central Valley and resulted in the San Joaquin's present path to the sea.

3920: 1859: 5503: 2648:

Seven major tributaries flow directly into the San Joaquin River, all of which run from the Sierra Nevada westwards into the main stem. In addition, some of the discharge of the

2112:, the San Joaquin River watershed is part of the Sacramento-San Joaquin freshwater ecoregion, which supports almost 40 species of freshwater fish. These include several types of 8151: 2413:

primary purpose of restoring salmon runs in the upper San Joaquin watershed. The restoration flows, however, will cause a 12 to 15 percent reduction of water provided by the

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At 15,600 sq mi (40,000 km), the San Joaquin River watershed proper drains a fair swath of inland central California, an area comparable to the size of the

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of the CVP with complaints from irrigators in the valley as a result. There has also been a lawsuit regarding damage to farmland west of the San Joaquin, near the town of

1265:). The mission lands that were supposed to be given to the natives were also fraudulently taken over by American settlers. A famous leader of the natives was the Yokuts 5909:"Perspective on Pollution: Nasty Plans for Our Drinking Water: San Joaquin Valley agribusiness wants to reopen a sluice of toxic waste leading to the California Aqueduct" 2576:

raising is also a major business in the valley. This prodigious output has earned the basin many names, including the "breadbasket" or "salad bowl" of the United States.

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into the San Joaquin valley. After crossing the mountains, he came upon the shore of Buena Vista Lake at the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley, and gave the name

6645: 6551:"Agreement Signals Start to Historic San Joaquin River Restoration: Settlement Ends Years of Litigation; Sets Stage for Salmon Reintroduction, Water Supply Certainty" 5440: 551:

and dams were built on the San Joaquin and all of its major tributaries. These engineering works changed the fluctuating nature of the river forever, and cut off the

9605: 2324: 1047:); in addition many of the San Joaquin's tributaries flow across a foothills region of metamorphosed volcanic rock more famously known as the Mother Lode Gold Belt. 5183: 1367: 1936:, so named because of its location east of and parallel to the San Joaquin. Groundbreaking of the huge project was in 1959 and construction was finished in 1966. 4763: 6389: 5378: 925: 8936: 3531: 4733: 11048: 9011: 8486: 7772: 6065: 6034: 5334: 2612:, near the geographic middle of the basin, growth was 51.5% between 1990 and 2003, the highest in the San Joaquin basin. Most of the major cities lie on the 6447: 5473: 9295: 8336: 6679: 5112: 6968: 3746: 1556:

quickly extended the length of the valley, some following old cattle routes and Native American trails, and were served by mule teams and covered wagons.

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On the west and northwest, the San Joaquin watershed borders those of rivers draining into the Pacific, while beyond almost all of the other divides lie

2293:. As of 2011, plans had been finalized for a $ 14.5 million hatchery near Friant Dam as part of a $ 20 million federal restoration project for the fish. 11003: 1842: 11033: 10020: 5877: 1933: 6327: 5563: 4673: 1594:

area, southeast of Fresno, but were destroyed in subsequent floods. The vulnerability of the small local infrastructure led to the establishment of

11038: 11028: 10993: 8376: 6938: 6872: 4496: 3494:"Restoring the San Joaquin River: Following an 18-year legal battle, a great California river once given up for dead is on the verge of a comeback" 2489:

of California; it measures 280 by 115 mi (451 by 185 km) covering all or parts of seventeen California counties stretching from north of

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is flooding. From Mendota, the San Joaquin swings northwest, passing through many different channels, some natural and some man-made. Northeast of

6524: 4188: 1608:, which grew to supply over 400,000 acres (160,000 ha) through their canal system. Haggin soon ran into conflicts with other landowners over 10978: 9021: 8346: 7850: 5665: 547:, most of the San Joaquin Valley has a very uniform topography, and much of the lower river formed a huge flood basin. In the 20th century, many 4260: 1751:

as part of PG&E's Kerckhoff hydroelectric project. The dam initially operated with a capacity of 38 MW in the Kerckhoff No. 1 Powerhouse on

8708: 8137: 6138: 2185:, while native species have survived relatively well in the upper reaches of the river and its tributaries, which also play host to introduced 1509:

During the time Mexico was in control of California, the San Joaquin River region was only sparsely populated, and used almost exclusively for

6502: 3890: 1149:, a tributary of the Sacramento, and west to the Delta region. Most of the Miwok people in the watershed were part of the appropriately named 11053: 8738: 7893: 5933:

Yoshiyama, R. M./; et al. (2001). "Historical and present distribution of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley drainage of California".

3579: 11023: 11018: 11008: 10988: 9682: 8783: 7780: 6477: 5952:

Yoshiyama, R. M; et al. (2001). "Historical and present distribution of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley drainage of California".

5728: 5248: 5024: 2020: 1866:, a series of large-scale reforms and construction projects intended to provide jobs for the millions of unemployed during the Depression. 1730:, over a vertical drop of 6,200 ft (1,900 m), have over the years inspired a nickname, "The Hardest Working Water in the World". 6363: 1473:

canyon, becoming the first recorded whites to cross the Sierra Nevada on foot. It is still disputed over whether Smith's party discovered

1141:

Before European colonization, the Yokuts occupied the entire San Joaquin Valley, from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta south to the

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geographic center; Modesto, on the Tuolumne River; and Stockton, on the southeast fringe of the Delta region. Other major cities include

11013: 6905: 5511: 3059: 5759: 1517:, becoming part of the United States the following month, a flood of American settlers descended upon the valley. Just a year before, 8718: 8512: 8479: 4704: 4411: 1031:

its tributaries, have eroded enormous amounts of rock and sediment from the mountains. Most of the Sierras are underlain by granitic

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on the San Joaquin or one of its tributaries. Although some of his men confirmed it, Smith did not make any mention in his journal.

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at almost 10,000 ft (3,000 m) above sea level, meets the North Fork, which starts 1.8 mi (2.9 km) southeast of

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called the river, Tihshachu (Tih-shah-choo), meaning salmon-spearing place. The present name of the river dates to 1805–1808, when

7808: 4644: 1323: 9747: 8753: 2421:, claiming that the flows are seeping through levees that have not seen use in years due to the drying out of the river channel. 2334:

Pole marking the location of maximum land subsidence in the San Joaquin Valley – more than 28 ft (8.5 m) – near Mendota

1295: 6272: 11063: 11058: 9565: 8996: 8941: 8898: 7928: 7908: 7888: 5971: 3716: 2608:, Manteca and Lodi. Population growth is among the highest in the state of California and more than twice the U.S. average. In 2253: 1591: 887:

The natural annual discharge of the San Joaquin before agricultural development is believed to have been between 6–7.9 million

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The North American Indian. Volume 14 - The Kato. The Wailaki. The Yuki. The Pomo. The Wintun. The Maidu. The Miwok. The Yokuts

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in order to conduct restoration work on 23,000 acres (9,300 ha) of swamps and marshes throughout the San Joaquin Valley.

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The San Joaquin River and its marshes and wetlands provide a critical resting and breeding stop for migratory birds along the

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de San Francisco", a name that was not used widely due to the river's remoteness but persisted until the early 19th century.

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The river was called many different names; at times different parts of the river were known by different names. The southern

7828: 6732: 6096: 5447: 4820: 1192:(background), where Juan Crespí first gazed upon the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in 1772, with Suisun Bay in the foreground 863:. The river grows to almost 5,000 ft (1,500 m) wide before ending at its confluence with the Sacramento River, in 10998: 10433: 10373: 10141: 9328: 9104: 8713: 8517: 8472: 7943: 6649: 1526: 738: 725:, joins a short distance downstream. The Middle Fork is considered the largest of the 3 forks. From the mountainous alpine 180: 3947: 2327:

heavily decreased water supplies from these sources for a while and caused many farmers to return to groundwater pumping.

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were looking to new sources for electricity because of their rapidly growing populations and industries. Two visionaries,

8903: 8773: 7843: 5364: 5194: 5054: 3444: 3175: 3136: 2363:. Subsidence has also damaged highways and power lines as well as causing some areas to be more susceptible to flooding. 1469:(a tributary of the Sacramento), but it was early spring and the snow was too deep. They crossed the mountains along the 1126: 616: 5415: 5342: 4533: 2144:

in geologically ancient times, when the upper reaches of the Sacramento River watershed were connected with that of the

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people, who inhabited the northern end of the San Joaquin Valley and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region, and the

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corridor, which runs along the entirety of the San Joaquin Valley and forms the primary thoroughfare for the valley.

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One of the most powerful early irrigation empires was the Kern County Land and Water Company, established in 1873 by

1197: 6115: 3539: 10443: 9635: 9545: 9114: 8743: 8723: 7100: 6701: 6420: 5796:"Major issues and findings - Fish Communities, Stream Habitat, and Water Quality in the San Joaquin River Drainage" 4741: 1810: 1740: 701:, in the south-central Sierra Nevada at the confluence of three major affluents: the Middle Fork, which rises from 6073: 6042: 4456: 3754:(Map). Cartography by California Geological Survey. State of California Department of Conservation. Archived from 3346:, 2003. California State University, Chico Department of Geography and Planning and Geographic Information Center 581: 11043: 10599: 10412: 9094: 8991: 8986: 8976: 8966: 8946: 7363: 7330: 7300: 7270: 6455: 5481: 5120: 3449: 3237: 3180: 3141: 2458:

Efforts have been under way to restore wetlands along the San Joaquin River as well as on the historic shores of

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Before irrigation development, the San Joaquin River and its tributaries once supported the third largest run of

2089:; all of these species have seen dramatic population declines as their native habitat has fallen under the plow. 1706: 1674: 623: 247: 5219: 3424: 1458: 10625: 10303: 9436: 9413: 9340: 9079: 8407: 7836: 6972: 5309: 3755: 3624: 2309: 1412: 585: 2560:, but more than 200 types of produce are grown along the San Joaquin River and in the Tulare Basin, including 1050:

The 268 mi (431 km) lower part of the river, in sharp contrast, is a meandering stream flowing over

10650: 10504: 9701: 9620: 9585: 9479: 9350: 9184: 9031: 8453: 7794: 6338: 6066:"Returning salmon to San Joaquin River will cost millions: Project includes $ 14.5M hatchery near Friant Dam" 4681: 3439: 3170: 3131: 2169:, all of which were introduced. Downstream portions of the river's main tributaries were populated mainly by 2141: 1727: 1225: 7813: 6574:"Sick San Joaquin River on brink of a new life: Historic settlement will let water flow to delta year-round" 3807: 10795: 9999: 9484: 9428: 9345: 9280: 9036: 9006: 9001: 8653: 5885: 3049: 2668:

has a greater flow. Tributaries are listed below proceeding from the mouth upstream, with their respective

1851: 1785:. In 1925 the city put forth a $ 1.3 million bond for dredging the lower San Joaquin from its mouth to the 1542: 829: 710: 642: 1076:

Because of its highly permeable nature, the San Joaquin River's valley is underlain by one of the largest

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Because of the heavy demand of water for agriculture and the insufficient flow of the San Joaquin River,

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who established a settlement at the confluence of the San Joaquin and the Stanislaus, called New Hope or

757: 537: 6946: 6880: 4507: 3108:

Some water from the Kings flows directly into the San Joaquin via Fresno Slough depending on the season.

10968: 10635: 10468: 10392: 9974: 9797: 9713: 9489: 8961: 8951: 8828: 7985: 7968: 7903: 6528: 2521: 2092:

Human activities have replaced or altered over 95 percent of the historic wetlands as well as the

1963:, the reservoir of Friant Dam, is small compared to other reservoirs in the San Joaquin basin, such as 1855: 1802: 1698: 718: 674: 6620: 6550: 5658: 5281: 10891: 10740: 10110: 10050: 9969: 9872: 9832: 9189: 9169: 9074: 8196: 8053: 7990: 7980: 7953: 7948: 7898: 3467: 2613: 2609: 1928: 1895: 1891: 1883: 1221: 678: 666: 649:

party in 1772, Crespi's vantage point was the hilltops behind modern Antioch. Another early name was

597: 251: 68: 3898: 10886: 10876: 10871: 10805: 10750: 10715: 10670: 10660: 10594: 10428: 10200: 9923: 9852: 9504: 9149: 8108: 8093: 7958: 7938: 6298: 2925: 2649: 2549: 1755:. In 1983, the 155 MW Kerckhoff No. 2 Powerhouse was added, bringing the total capacity to 193 MW. 1635:

An example of heavily irrigated farmland in the northern San Joaquin Valley, near Tracy and Manteca

773: 714: 706: 3587: 10785: 10770: 10755: 10720: 10690: 10620: 10544: 10529: 10514: 10509: 10458: 9655: 9555: 9451: 9209: 9194: 9026: 8356: 8324: 8216: 6217: 5533: 5256: 2726: 2629: 2593: 2494: 2093: 1887: 1682: 1530: 1062: 7777: 6846: 6364:"Questions and Answers Related to Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, Public Law 111-11" 6165: 5736: 5699: 5032: 10881: 10851: 10810: 10800: 10700: 10645: 10630: 10494: 10489: 10463: 10453: 10448: 10402: 10343: 10261: 9959: 9733: 9625: 9403: 8981: 8913: 8768: 8160: 3269:"Boundary Descriptions and Names of Regions, Subregions, Accounting Units and Cataloging Units" 1617: 1514: 1269:, who led revolts against the Mexicans in the late 1820s until finally defeated in 1829 on the 825: 698: 612: 555:

from the rest of the San Joaquin watershed. Once habitat for hundreds of thousands of spawning

162: 7668: 7353:"USGS Gage #11192501 on the Kern River and Kern River No. 1 Conduit near Democrat Springs, CA" 4995: 2096:

habitat, which originally occurred along stream and river corridors in the foothills, and the

1878:, which carries San Joaquin water all the way south into the Tulare Basin, terminating at the 843:

About 40 mi (64 km) from the mouth, the river draws abreast to the western flank of

10916: 10911: 10815: 10730: 10584: 10579: 10549: 10499: 10473: 10397: 9610: 9590: 9469: 9356: 9016: 8878: 8597: 8381: 7858: 5335:"Temperance Flat reservoir closer to reality: State water bond would benefit Valley projects" 4291: 3864: 3839: 2719: 2418: 2032: 1902:

A key point for irrigation water distribution on the San Joaquin, despite its small size, is

1748: 1609: 1518: 1236:

natives were hostile and attempting to steal their horses. Indeed, when the natives began to

1081: 855:, amid the many islands of the delta, the San Joaquin is joined by two more tributaries: the 777: 600:. The name Moraga chose was later applied to the entire river; it was in common use by 1810. 7789: 6913: 2660:

is the largest in any respect: longest, greatest drainage basin, and highest discharge. The

10896: 10861: 10846: 10841: 10765: 10760: 10745: 10735: 10569: 10554: 10438: 10333: 10323: 10015: 9630: 9494: 9441: 8299: 7352: 7182:"USGS Gage #11270900 on the Merced River near Stevinson, CA: Annual Water-Data Report 2009" 7181: 7152: 7062: 7033: 5878:"Selenium Contamination Associated with Irrigated Agriculture in the Western United States" 5770: 3660: 2633: 1605: 1578:. This was a haven for criminals and fugitives, and was frequented by the infamous bandits 1549: 1522: 1066: 1024: 910: 844: 833: 805: 702: 544: 493: 341: 166: 150: 131: 36: 6995: 6764: 4415: 8: 10942: 10820: 10775: 10725: 10705: 10604: 10524: 10519: 9862: 8918: 8868: 8863: 8833: 8386: 8351: 7153:"USGS Gage #11288000 on the Tuolumne River at Modesto, CA: Annual Water-Data Report 2009" 6328:"SJRRP Interim Flows Update – Water Releases from Friant Dam Increasing November 1, 2009" 5561: 2637: 2605: 2589: 2581: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2220: 2211: 2109: 2086: 2028: 1976: 1964: 1907: 1830: 1739:

purchased by San Joaquin Light and Power Company in 1909, which was in turn purchased by

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

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The San Joaquin Valley's major southeast–northwest axis runs roughly parallel with the

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Salmon are now prevented by dams from reaching the headwaters of the San Joaquin River.

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Industrial cowboys: Miller & Lux and the transformation of the Far West, 1850-1920

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The adventures of James Capen Adams: mountaineer and grizzly bear hunter of California

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Upper San Joaquin River Storage Investigation Initial Alternatives Information Report

4313: 4061: 3997: 3690:"USGS Gage #11303500 on the San Joaquin River near Vernalis, CA (Monthly Statistics)" 3661:"USGS #11303500 on the San Joaquin River near Vernalis, CA: Annual Water-Data Report" 3381: 3361: 2166: 2063: 2005: 1875: 1874:, which runs northwest along the San Joaquin Valley to the Chowchilla River, and the 1806: 1489: 1200:

in pursuit of deserters from the Spanish army, and traveled east then north over the

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being washed off the land by irrigation practices. Abandoned mines contribute toxic

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wrote in his journal that an unknown group of Native Americans called the river the

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Nuñez, Robert; Lewis, Michelle; Liu, Katherine; Nelson, Tyler; O'Sullivan, Katie.

2300:

The closest example of a revived salmon population is the Butte River near Chico.

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to some tributaries of the river. One of the worst environmental disasters was at

1959:

Although fairly large with a capacity of 520,500 acre⋅ft (642,000 dam),

1747:

was completed on the San Joaquin River about 10 mi (16 km) southwest of

10937: 10906: 10901: 10539: 10313: 10165: 10153: 10045: 9954: 9822: 9499: 9474: 9245: 9214: 9144: 9069: 8888: 8818: 8602: 8251: 8201: 8033: 8021: 7918: 7784: 7535: 6996:"Updated Business Plan: Decision-Makers Guide to Improving the Route 99 Corridor" 6815:"San Joaquin Valley: Selected Statistics on Population, Economy, and Environment" 6814: 6739: 6390:"San Joaquin River restoration: Lawsuit says river flow is ruining Westside land" 6218:"San Joaquin Valley, California: Largest human alteration of the Earth's surface" 3054: 2763: 2736: 2665: 2509: 2463: 2340: 2264: 2182: 2174: 2170: 2129: 1510: 1480: 1253: 1237: 1120: 1019: 860: 856: 425: 5795: 5441:"Upper San Joaquin River Basin Storage Investigation: Temperance Flat Reservoir" 4534:"Merced River Water Temperature Feasibility Investigation Reconnaissance Report" 3958: 3840:"The United States Geological Survey Releases Central Valley Groundwater Report" 2248:

in California, including prodigious spring, summer, fall, and late-fall runs of

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Stockton, on the lower San Joaquin River, circa 1860, with the river to the left

851:

as part of a navigation project, the Stockton Deep Water Ship Channel. Past the

30: 10175: 10158: 10148: 10115: 10100: 10065: 10040: 9903: 9787: 9595: 9570: 9540: 9383: 9373: 9235: 8893: 8778: 8658: 8592: 8587: 8498: 8402: 8274: 8241: 8211: 8065: 8043: 8026: 7975: 7626: 7478:

California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names.

7390:

The King of California: J.G. Boswell and the Making of A Secret American Empire

5061: 2817: 2657: 2249: 2245: 2178: 2162: 2154: 2039: 1968: 1960: 1943: 1752: 1538: 1466: 1446: 1146: 801: 746: 604: 577: 533: 417: 60: 8464: 7293:"USGS Gage #11210500 on the Kaweah River near Three Rivers, CA (Monthly Data)" 5595: 4973: 4155: 638: 45: 10962: 10293: 10288: 10220: 10131: 9893: 9857: 9812: 9807: 9777: 9756: 9418: 9260: 9255: 9199: 9154: 8853: 8813: 8803: 8793: 8678: 8668: 8567: 8221: 7933: 7883: 6007: 4938: 4796:"Case #3: Crane Valley Hydroelectric Relicensing Project – Madera County, Ca" 2529: 2525: 2486: 2409: 2290: 2137: 2121: 1744: 1571: 1548:

The real influx came in 1848, when a gold strike on the American set off the

1382: 1369: 1070: 513: 401: 281: 268: 195: 182: 103: 7323:"USGS Gage #11204900 on the Tule River below Success Dam, CA (Monthly Data)" 7211:"USGS #11259000 on the Chowchilla River below Buchanan Dam near Raymond, CA" 5090: 1205: 752:

Below Friant Dam (RM267), the San Joaquin flows west-southwest out into the

10358: 10353: 10283: 10271: 10230: 10225: 10205: 10190: 10180: 10085: 10080: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9933: 9913: 9867: 9615: 9300: 9265: 9250: 9134: 9129: 9119: 8848: 8823: 8798: 8758: 8733: 8673: 8371: 8309: 8231: 8181: 8098: 8075: 8060: 8048: 7913: 7669:

Putnam, Frederick Ward; Kroeber, Alfred Louis; Lowis, Robert Harry (1907).

7451:

Biennial report of the Department of Engineering of the State of California

7263:"USGS Gage #11222000 on the Kings River at Piedra, CA (Monthly Streamflow)" 7237:"USGS Gage #11258000 on the Fresno River below Hidden Dam near Daulton, CA" 6738:. Coarsegold Resource Conservation District. pp. 52–65. Archived from 3519:

Biennial report of the Department of Engineering of the State of California

3309:

Biennial report of the Department of Engineering of the State of California

3268: 2953: 2898: 2844: 2661: 2653: 2617: 2545: 2537: 2533: 2517: 2059: 2047: 2043: 1903: 1871: 1717: 1625: 1450: 1209: 1189: 1178: 1162: 1150: 1092:

and other minerals generally increases from east to west across the basin.

1032: 906: 852: 821: 789: 781: 690: 413: 7814:

San Joaquin River TMDL Description of DO problems on the San Joaquin River

4880: 1631: 1173:

The first recorded non-indigenous person to see the San Joaquin River was

1061:

generally increasing in a northerly direction. Prior to the uplift of the

847:, one of the basin's largest cities. From here to the mouth, the river is 10338: 10308: 10298: 10235: 10090: 10075: 10070: 10055: 9928: 9908: 9600: 9290: 9285: 9179: 9164: 9139: 9099: 8838: 8808: 8788: 8763: 8582: 8577: 8304: 8279: 8269: 8246: 8085: 8002: 7104: 6707: 6337:. San Joaquin River Restoration Program. October 30, 2009. Archived from 5229:. California Department of Water Resources. November 2010. pp. 53–57 5184:"San Joaquin River Restoration Program and Flood Management Coordination" 5025:"Second Victory Over Friant Dam and Restoration of the San Joaquin River" 2620:

provides the major transportation route for the west side of the valley.

2541: 2513: 2459: 2359:

facility that conveys water from the delta region to coastal-central and

2344: 2315: 2285: 2232: 2186: 2145: 1946:, the reservoir of Friant Dam and the largest on the San Joaquin mainstem 1782: 1621: 1454: 1257: 1174: 1116: 892: 646: 552: 497: 226: 5735:. World Wildlife Fund, Nature Conservancy. March 9, 2011. Archived from 1821: 737:. It eventually emerges from the foothills at what was once the town of 685: 588:. Moraga named a tributary of the river (it is not known which one) for 10856: 10328: 10256: 10251: 10215: 10210: 10136: 10105: 10095: 9918: 9877: 9847: 9817: 9792: 9650: 9575: 9159: 8648: 8562: 8417: 8226: 8206: 8191: 8186: 8176: 8118: 8113: 8103: 7963: 7800:

California Water Plan Update 2005 San Joaquin Hydrologic Region Chapter

5954:

Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids, Fish Bulletin

5935:

Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids, Fish Bulletin

3009: 2981: 2430: 2257: 2158: 2140:. Some of these fish are believed to have descended from fishes of the 2015: 1879: 1798: 1602: 1502: 1266: 868: 742: 726: 593: 517: 505: 231: 113: 2504:

The lower San Joaquin River, at the head of the distributary Old River

788:

when they reach flood stage. Fifty miles (80 km) downstream, the

10278: 9994: 8261: 7878: 5850: 5824: 5562:

Bartolome, James W.; Barry. W. James; Griggs, Tom; Hopkinson, Peter.

4506:. Central Valley Water Awareness Committee. June 2003. Archived from 2573: 2500: 2426: 2101:

century, the delta was a region of numerous islands of nutrient-rich

2075: 2071: 1801:, began in earnest in 1928. These included major cuts at Hog Island, 1557: 1310:

Location of First landing place of sailing launch Comet in California

888: 871:. The combined waters from the two rivers then flow west through the 730: 7448: 6599:"Feds Say Water Could Flow From Friant Dam To The Ocean This Summer" 1999:, one of the few remaining wetland areas along the San Joaquin River 1492:

exploring southwards into the San Joaquin Valley saw an epidemic of

1023:

Headwaters of the Middle Fork San Joaquin River, just downstream of

5800:

Water Quality in the San Joaquin-Tulare Basins, California, 1992-95

4035: 3330: 2281: 2203: 2199: 2149: 2117: 2082: 2079: 1939: 1863: 1778: 1722: 1686: 1493: 1089: 1054: 1051: 1040: 848: 6706:(Map). Cartography by USGS. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 5760:"Recent Changes in the Fish Fauna of the San Joaquin River System" 2528:. On the south, the Tehachapis wall off the Tulare Basin from the 7819:

SanJoaquinBasin.com - A website devoted to the San Joaquin Basin

4185:

Central City Two-Way Conversion Study Environmental Impact Report

3322: 2569: 2330: 2319: 2207: 2113: 2055: 1794: 1773: 1497: 1445:

The first American known to see the San Joaquin River was likely

1077: 1058: 589: 64: 9725: 7650:

Green versus gold: sources in California's environmental history

7537:

The Literature of California: Native American beginnings to 1945

7034:"USGS Gage #11325500 on the Mokelumne River near Woodbridge, CA" 5700:"Delta Subsidence in California: The sinking heart of the State" 4504:

Kings River Conservation District, Kings River Water Association

3815:

Department of Geological Sciences and Quaternary Research Center

3586:. Sierra Foothill Conservancy. February 15, 2006. Archived from 2652:

also enters the San Joaquin directly (but seasonally) through a

2223:, a disposal site for agricultural drain water which doubled as 7063:"USGS Gage #11335000 on the Cosumnes River at Michigan Bar, CA" 2565: 2557: 2552:

divides the northern San Joaquin Valley from the Tulare Basin.

2133: 2067: 1975:

has proposed the construction of a new dam on the San Joaquin,

1666: 1661: 1534: 1462: 1245: 1111: 828:

and Middle River – split off from the main stem just above the

569: 556: 5220:"State Plan of Flood Control Descriptive Document (Chapter 3)" 3323:"The Cenozoic evolution of the San Joaquin Valley, California" 1681:

By the early 20th century, Californian cities as far south as

923: 469: 8328: 3808:"Compressional uplift in the central California Coast Ranges" 2125: 1697:

established a fledgling power company in 1902 today known as

1158: 1107: 633:

An earlier name for the lower section of the San Joaquin was

573: 548: 460: 7682:

A Native American encyclopedia: history, culture and peoples

7627:

Johnson, Stephen; Haslam, Gerald W.; Dawson, Robert (1993).

2664:

is the second largest by length and drainage basin, but the

669:

and the Union Pacific Railroad along the northern border of

5119:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. July 28, 2009. Archived from 3429:. University of California. Berkeley PhD dissertation. .pdf 2561: 2102: 2097: 2051: 1474: 1177:

in 1772. Fages, accompanied by Father Juan Crespí, reached

1085: 932:

First row indicates discharge in cuft/s; second row in m/s

492:. The 366-mile (589 km) long river starts in the high 457: 6945:. California Department of Water Resources. Archived from 5446:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. October 2003. Archived from 5365:"Is Temperance Flat Dam Proposal Down to Its Last Strike?" 5315:. California Department of Water Resources. September 2007 5287:. California Department of Water Resources. September 2007 5255:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. June 4, 2009. Archived from 4769:. Southern California Edison. October 2009. Archived from 3957:. California State University, Bakersfield. Archived from 3231: 8168: 8159: 5569:. Elkhorn Slough Coastal Training Program. Archived from 4316:. Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks 3921:"Bakersfield Archaeological/Cultural General Information" 2031:

to south of Bakersfield. These grasses all thrive in the

525: 449: 7517:

Handbook of North American Indians: California, Volume 3

7387: 6786: 5388:. Friends of the River. January 11, 2007. Archived from 5143:"Mendota Dam, the Delta-Mendota Canal, and Mendota Pool" 5089:. Central California Irrigation District. Archived from 3580:"Historic Conditions in the San Joaquin River Watershed" 1712:

Construction of the system's facilities, which included

5193:. San Joaquin River Restoration Program. Archived from 3717:"Geologic Context and History of the San Joaquin River" 3500:. Natural Resources Defense Council. September 17, 2007 2466:

was awarded a $ 1 million grant in 2005 as part of the

2210:

and other substances in the river and its tributaries;

6873:"The San Joaquin Valley Bioregion – An Overview" 5639:. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. September 29, 2006 5416:"Campaign for Prop 1, the Water Bond Starts in Fresno" 1772:

19th century, the city of Stockton, once an important

7590:

The Great Thirst: Californians and Water, 1770s-1990s

472: 466: 452: 446: 443: 7492:

Heizer, Robert Fleming; Elsasser, Albert B. (1980).

6877:

California Environmental Resources Evaluation System

6273:"Feds document shrinking San Joaquin Valley aquifer" 4091:"Native Occupation of the Terminus Reservoir Region" 1971:. The Bureau of Reclamation in conjunction with the 6853:. U.S. Department of Agriculture. December 16, 2010 6369:. San Joaquin River Restoration Program. April 2009 5882:

National Research Program, Water Resources Division

5379:"Sites Reservoir might be beneficiary of new bonds" 5060:. Western Area Power Administration. Archived from 2280:The introduction of predatory fish species such as 1656: 800:, the San Joaquin meets its largest tributary, the 792:empties into an otherwise dry San Joaquin (RM118). 463: 7809:Map of San Joaquin Reclamation and Levee Districts 7744: 7721: 7679: 7671:Publications in American archaeology and ethnology 7647: 7565: 7493: 7427: 5276: 5274: 1825:Federal and state canals in the San Joaquin Valley 1789:– a distance of 41 mi (66 km) by river. 16:Longest river of Central California, United States 7564:Hoover, Mildred Brooke; Kyle, Douglas E. (2002). 5304: 5302: 4645:"San Joaquin River flowing through dry stretches" 3948:"Paleoclimate History of Tulare Lake, California" 729:, the San Joaquin flows generally south into the 10960: 7629:The Great Central Valley: California's Heartland 7514: 6969:"New State Funding Will Help Upgrade Highway 99" 6767:. Commission for Environmental Cooperation. 2006 6553:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. September 13, 2006 6478:"Salmon make it to within 21 miles of Firebaugh" 6014:. North American Native Fishes Association. 1993 5543:. U.S. Department of Agriculture. September 2009 5227:Central Valley Flood Management Planning Program 4667: 4665: 4457:"When great steamboats plied our rivers and bay" 4314:"irst landing place of sailing launch Comet#437" 3923:. U.S. Bureau of Land Management. Archived from 2148:. Up to 75 percent of the historic species were 1488:In the early 1830s, a few fur trappers from the 1168: 918:San Joaquin River monthly discharges at Vernalis 9022:San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park 8494: 7515:Heizer, Robert; Sturtevant, William C. (1978). 7095: 7093: 7091: 7089: 7087: 6933: 6931: 6900: 6898: 5413: 5271: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3649: 2035:that dominates much of the San Joaquin Valley. 1088:and irrigation water seepage. Concentration of 808:, it is joined by another major tributary, the 7673:. Vol. 2. University of California Press. 7491: 7426:Benke, Arthur C.; Cushing, Colbert E. (2005). 6727: 6725: 5851:"Toxic pollutants impacting San Joaquin River" 5819: 5817: 5474:"Temperance Flat Cost Pegged at $ 3.3 Billion" 5299: 4712:San Joaquin River Restoration Program Workshop 1858:(USBR) before finally being authorized in the 9741: 8480: 8145: 7844: 7449:California Department of Engineering (1914). 6448:"Salmon set for revival on San Joaquin River" 4662: 4412:"Last blast from steamers on the San Joaquin" 3126: 3124: 2008:, the Sierra foothills and Coast Ranges, was 1816: 1781:, but these were interrupted by the onset of 611:, a name which is listed as a variant in the 78: 11049:Geography of the Central Valley (California) 9683:Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area 7425: 7084: 6994:McCuen, Alan; et al. (September 2009). 6993: 6928: 6895: 5310:"Temperance Flat Frequently Asked Questions" 5031:. Sierra Club. July 29, 2005. Archived from 4740:. Southern California Edison. Archived from 4259:. U.S. National Park Service. Archived from 4178:"Chapter 9: Historic and Cultural Resources" 3646: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3566: 2366: 1662:Hydroelectric development in the early 1900s 641:gave to the river he could see entering the 524:, the San Joaquin is among the most heavily 9662:San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 7747:Exploring the Great Rivers of North America 7496:The natural world of the California Indians 6971:. Transportation California. Archived from 6722: 5814: 5624: 5622: 5596:"About the San Joaquin River and Watershed" 4764:"Schematic Profile of the Big Creek System" 4371:Exploring the Great Rivers of North America 4247: 4245: 4116:Exploring the Great Rivers of North America 3859: 3857: 3773: 3610:"Water-Year Summary for Site USGS 11251000" 3344:THE CENTRAL VALLEY HISTORIC MAPPING PROJECT 1284:First landing place of sailing launch Comet 9748: 9734: 8487: 8473: 8152: 8138: 7851: 7837: 7790:Tulare Lake Restoration - Fiction or Fact? 7563: 6912:. U.S. Census Bureau. 2009. Archived from 5598:. East San Joaquin Water Quality Framework 5182:Landis, Paula J. (August–September 2007). 5005:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. May 27, 2009 4097:. National Park Service. September 8, 2008 3842:. Somach Simmons & Dunn. July 22, 2009 3805: 3625:"Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin Study" 3616: 3121: 3060:San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge 1986: 1922:– Tony Imperatrice, Fresno resident, 1988 630:, which means "important or great river." 374:325,000 cu ft/s (9,200 m/s) 11004:Rivers of Contra Costa County, California 7476:Gudde, Erwin G.; Bright, William (2004). 7406: 6808: 6806: 6804: 6215: 6097:"Healthy salmon mark San Joaquin revival" 5951: 5932: 4988: 4939:"Central Valley Project: Project History" 4703:Jackson, Michael P. (November 15, 2010). 3740: 3738: 3563: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 2256:estimated in the 1930s that the historic 1835: 1533:. The newcomers also included a group of 1330: 1302: 1196:In the autumn of 1772 Fages set out from 772:(RM 205) and the Fresno Slough, when the 344:, 78 mi (126 km) from the mouth 11034:Rivers of San Joaquin County, California 8972:Emeryville Crescent State Marine Reserve 7804:California Department of Water Resources 7677: 7645: 7407:Beck, Warren A.; Haase, Ynez D. (1992). 7103:. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 6841: 6839: 6308:. University of Arizona. January 2, 2010 6209: 6032: 5884:. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 5802:. U.S. Geological Survey. April 17, 1998 5619: 5191:California Department of Water Resources 4680:. Revive the San Joaquin. Archived from 4257:The Lewis and Clark Journey of Discovery 4242: 3897:. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 3854: 3834: 3832: 3454:United States Department of the Interior 3185:United States Department of the Interior 3146:United States Department of the Interior 2499: 2468:North American Wetlands Conservation Act 2329: 2303: 2263: 1990: 1973:California Department of Water Resources 1938: 1820: 1762: 1758: 1665: 1630: 1479: 1457:and explorer. In 1826, Smith arrived in 1184: 1125: 1018: 684: 660: 11039:Rivers of Sacramento County, California 11029:Rivers of Stanislaus County, California 10994:Geography of the San Francisco Bay Area 9606:Conservation and Development Commission 7719: 7586: 7554: 6421:"San Joaquin River wrangling continues" 6279:. Revive the San Joaquin. July 13, 2009 6251:Ground Water Atlas of the United States 6195:Ground Water Atlas of the United States 6139:"The Aquifer of the San Joaquin Valley" 6113: 6094: 5875: 5534:"Purple Needlegrass (Nassella pulchra)" 4702: 3895:Ground Water Atlas of the United States 3785:Ground Water Atlas of the United States 3622: 3474:. San Joaquin River Restoration Program 3304: 3302: 3226: 3224: 3222: 319:15,600 sq mi (40,000 km) 10961: 9566:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Bay Model 8997:Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge 8942:San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge 7742: 7457: 7005:. Council of Fresno County Governments 6812: 6801: 6648:. California Waterfowl. Archived from 6571: 6445: 6418: 6387: 6063: 5972:"San Joaquin River Environmental Data" 5831:. Environment California. July 7, 2006 5769:. The Wildlife Society. Archived from 5541:Natural Resources Conservation Service 5181: 3735: 3714: 3320: 3283: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3165: 3163: 2254:California Department of Fish and Game 1862:as a USBR undertaking and part of the 1501:indigenous people were dead. Explorer 768:, where it is only replenished by the 673:. The early stages of construction of 584:in order to find possible sites for a 354:5,110 cu ft/s (145 m/s) 50:Map of the San Joaquin River watershed 9729: 8957:Hayward Shoreline Interpretive Center 8468: 8161:Central Valley Project Infrastructure 8133: 7832: 7607: 7533: 6879:. State of California. Archived from 6836: 6646:"San Joaquin Valley Habitat Projects" 6525:"Sack Dam Salmon Restoration Project" 6136: 5757: 5471: 5414:Haagenson, Gene (September 3, 2014). 4943:Bureau of Reclamation History Program 4936: 4674:"The Big Creek Hydroelectric Project" 4642: 4588:Johnson, Haslam and Dawson, p. ? 4532:Vogel, David A. (December 29, 2003). 4531: 4454: 4409: 4055: 3991: 3829: 3748:Simplified Geologic Map of California 3632:Sacramento Water Education Foundation 3538:. U.S. Forest Service. Archived from 3355: 3039:†Tributaries in the Tulare Lake basin 1338:San Joaquin River (the United States) 1276: 697:The river's source is located in the 528:and diverted of California's rivers. 11054:Tributaries of the San Joaquin River 8937:Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge 7773:California Central Valley Grasslands 7700: 6171:. Wisconsin Ground Water Association 6163: 6095:Fimrite, Peter (November 29, 2012). 6033:Breitler, Alex (February 19, 2010). 5906: 5876:Presser, Theresa S. (May 12, 2005). 5709:. U.S. Geological Survey. April 2000 5664:. Water Education Foundation. 2000. 4187:. City of Sacramento. Archived from 3869:Sacramento River Basin NAWQA Program 3325:. United States Geological Service. 3299: 2370: 2261:habitat available in the watershed. 1767:Stockton Deep Water Shipping Channel 1100: 733:of the Sierra, passing through four 364:30 cu ft/s (0.85 m/s) 11024:Rivers of Merced County, California 11019:Rivers of Madera County, California 11009:Rivers of Fresno County, California 10989:Geography of the San Joaquin Valley 9012:National Estuarine Research Reserve 8904:Stockton Deepwater Shipping Channel 7795:Using Tulare Lake For Water Storage 7559:. Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Company. 7453:. California State Printing Office. 7409:Historic Atlas of the American West 7388:Arax, Mark; Wartzman, Rick (2005). 7243:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1941–1990 7217:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1921–1990 7191:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1901–2009 7162:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1940–2009 7133:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1907–1966 7072:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1908–2010 7043:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1924–2009 6733:"Upper San Joaquin River Watershed" 6621:"California's Wetlands: A Briefing" 6572:Martin, Glen (September 14, 2006). 6216:Galloway, Devin; Riley, Francis S. 6166:"Ground Subsidence and Groundwater" 6116:"Salmon resurgence in Butte County" 5974:. San Joaquin Basin. Archived from 5671:from the original on August 7, 2011 5659:"California's Wetlands: A Briefing" 5510:. The Bay Institute. Archived from 5341:. February 10, 2011. Archived from 5282:"Temperance Flat Reservoir Project" 4671: 4541:Anadromous Fish Restoration Program 3817:. University of Washington, Seattle 3744: 3696:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1923–2010 3670:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1924–2011 3445:Geographic Names Information System 3382:"Meaning Of The Name "San Joaquin"" 3252: 3199: 3176:Geographic Names Information System 3160: 3137:Geographic Names Information System 2085:, as well as predators such as the 1705:systems in the world, known as the 836:formed by sediment deposits of the 693:during the high flows of April 2006 617:Geographic Names Information System 13: 10979:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta 9042:Palo Alto Baylands Nature Preserve 8899:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta 7724:Atlas of the North American Indian 7631:. University of California Press. 7612:. University of California Press. 7593:. University of California Press. 7540:. University of California Press. 6847:"State Fact Sheets: United States" 6419:Grossi, Mark (February 16, 2009). 6008:"Eulogy for the San Joaquin River" 5733:Freshwater Ecoregions of the World 4879:. Port of Stockton. Archived from 4060:. Bear State Books. pp. map. 3806:Montgomery, David R. (June 1993). 3584:Millerton Area Watershed Coalition 1913: 1230:El Río de Nuestra Señora de Merced 653:, the origin of which is unknown. 14: 11075: 11014:Rivers of Kern County, California 9755: 8664:Creeks (discharging into the Bay) 7766: 7703:The San Joaquin: A River Betrayed 7360:National Water Information System 7327:National Water Information System 7297:National Water Information System 7267:National Water Information System 7241:National Water Information System 7215:National Water Information System 7189:National Water Information System 7160:National Water Information System 7131:National Water Information System 7070:National Water Information System 7041:National Water Information System 6906:"California County Selection Map" 6678:. Ducks Unlimited. Archived from 6446:Grossi, Mark (February 7, 2011). 4643:Jones, Carolyn (March 31, 2010). 4127:Johnson, Haslam and Dawson, p. 28 3715:Romans, Brian (August 12, 2010). 3694:National Water Information System 3668:National Water Information System 3360:. Bear State Books. p. 161. 2318:in the San Joaquin Valley's rich 1997:San Luis National Wildlife Refuge 1564: 1232:, "River of our Lady of Mercy"). 1198:Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa 9831: 9709: 9708: 9696: 8744:Arroyo Corte Madera del Presidio 8536: 7555:Hittell, Theodore Henry (1861). 7480:University of California Press. 7411:. University of Oklahoma Press. 7345: 7315: 7285: 7255: 7229: 7203: 7174: 7145: 7119: 7055: 7026: 7017: 6987: 6961: 6865: 6779: 6757: 6694: 6664: 6638: 6613: 6591: 6565: 6543: 6517: 6491: 6470: 6439: 6412: 6388:Grossi, Mark (August 28, 2010). 6381: 6356: 6320: 6291: 6265: 6239: 6191:"Fresh Ground-Water Withdrawals" 6183: 6157: 6130: 6107: 6088: 6057: 6026: 6000: 5990: 5964: 5945: 5926: 5907:Bard, Carla (October 30, 1995). 5900: 5869: 5843: 5788: 5751: 5721: 5692: 5683: 5651: 5610: 5588: 5555: 5526: 5496: 5465: 5433: 5407: 5371: 5357: 5327: 5241: 5212: 5175: 5166: 5157: 5135: 5105: 5079: 5047: 4909:. University of California Davis 4543:. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 4414:. Madera Tribune. Archived from 4158:. The Historical Marker Database 3233:USGS Topo Maps for United States 3102: 3092: 3082: 2375: 1954: 1811:Stockton Deep Water Ship Channel 1741:Pacific Gas and Electric Company 1657:Dams, diversions and engineering 1515:independence from Mexico in 1846 1329: 1322: 1301: 1294: 1250:secularized the Spanish missions 645:from the south. A member of the 439: 44: 29: 8992:Point Pinole Regional Shoreline 8987:Brooks Island Regional Preserve 8977:Point Isabel Regional Shoreline 8967:McLaughlin Eastshore State Park 8947:Eden Landing Ecological Reserve 7751:. National Geographic Society. 7364:United States Geological Survey 7331:United States Geological Survey 7301:United States Geological Survey 7271:United States Geological Survey 6813:Umbach, Kenneth W. (May 2002). 6499:"Sack Dam Construction Project" 6247:"Central Valley Aquifer System" 6114:Fimrite, Peter (May 26, 2008). 6064:Grossi, Mark (March 19, 2011). 5707:California Water Science Center 5017: 4966: 4957: 4930: 4921: 4895: 4869: 4860: 4851: 4842: 4821:"Hydropower Technical Appendix" 4813: 4788: 4756: 4726: 4696: 4636: 4627: 4618: 4609: 4600: 4591: 4582: 4573: 4564: 4555: 4525: 4489: 4480: 4471: 4448: 4439: 4430: 4403: 4394: 4385: 4376: 4364: 4355: 4346: 4337: 4328: 4306: 4284: 4275: 4233: 4224: 4215: 4206: 4170: 4148: 4139: 4130: 4121: 4109: 4083: 4074: 4049: 4028: 4019: 4010: 3996:. Bear State Books. p. 1. 3985: 3976: 3939: 3913: 3883: 3799: 3781:"Central Valley Aquifer System" 3708: 3682: 3602: 3554: 3524: 3512: 3486: 3460: 3450:United States Geological Survey 3432: 3417: 3408: 3399: 3374: 3238:United States Geological Survey 3181:United States Geological Survey 3142:United States Geological Survey 3132:"Middle Fork San Joaquin River" 3072: 1707:Big Creek Hydroelectric Project 1675:Big Creek Hydroelectric Project 9452:San Francisco Bay Ferry (WETA) 7587:Hundley, Norris (Jr.) (1992). 7519:. Government Printing Office. 7381: 6787:"National Hydrography Dataset" 4410:Coate, Bill (March 16, 2003). 3440:"North Fork San Joaquin River" 3349: 3337: 3314: 2643: 2310:Groundwater-related subsidence 1860:Rivers and Harbors Act of 1937 1413:California Historical Landmark 1273:, which bears his name today. 260: • coordinates 174: • coordinates 1: 11064:Rivers of Southern California 11059:Rivers of Northern California 9621:Citizens for East Shore Parks 9586:Golden Gate Biosphere Reserve 9032:Oyster Bay Regional Shoreline 8454:C.W. Bill Jones Pumping Plant 7572:. Stanford University Press. 6910:State & County QuickFacts 5729:"125: Sacramento-San Joaquin" 4907:Center for Watershed Sciences 4678:Mechanical Engineering Online 3115: 2004:Tulare Basin, as well as the 1743:(PG&E) in 1936. In 1920, 1341:Show map of the United States 1169:Spanish and Mexican influence 496:, and flows through the rich 138:Physical characteristics 10984:Tributaries of San Pablo Bay 9485:Hunters Point Naval Shipyard 9037:Big Break Regional Shoreline 9007:Middle Harbor Shoreline Park 9002:Coyote Point Recreation Area 7743:Walker, Paul Robert (1999). 7568:Historic spots in California 6626:. Water Education Foundation 4945:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 4877:"The Port of Stockton Today" 4830:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 4714:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 4705:"San Joaquin River Overview" 4455:Nolte, Carl (May 23, 2010). 4361:Heizer and Sturtevant, p. 92 3623:McClurg, Sue (August 1997). 3050:List of rivers of California 2473: 2192: 1852:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1721:installed capacity of 1,014 1614:Miller & Lux Corporation 1459:Mission San Gabriel Arcángel 1248:in 1821. The new government 882: 830:Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta 643:Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta 299: • elevation 217:9,839 ft (2,999 m) 213: • elevation 7: 10999:San Francisco Bay watershed 7861:California's Central Valley 7686:. Oxford University Press. 6101:The San Francisco Chronicle 5829:Clean Water Program Reports 3387:. California GenWeb Project 3043: 2480:Upper Peninsula of Michigan 2453: 1673:, the principal dam of the 1554:Stockton - Los Angeles Road 812:. The river passes between 780:, it is only joined by the 756:– the southern part of the 337: • location 239: • location 158: • location 10: 11080: 10641:Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point 9490:Mare Island Naval Shipyard 9437:Angel Island–Tiburon Ferry 8962:Crown Memorial State Beach 8952:Hayward Regional Shoreline 8534: 7863:watershed (north-to-south) 7646:Merchant, Carolyn (1998). 7458:Curtis, Edward S. (1924). 7003:Caltrans District 6 and 10 6939:"San Joaquin River Region" 6824:. California State Library 6822:California Research Bureau 6145:. Emporia State University 5825:"Reviving the San Joaquin" 5767:California-Nevada Wildlife 4497:"The Kings River Handbook" 4058:Handbook of Yokuts Indians 4025:Heizer and Elsasser, p. 15 3994:Handbook of Yokuts Indians 3634:. University of New Mexico 3468:"Tracking the River's End" 3358:Handbook of Yokuts Indians 2307: 1856:U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 1828: 1817:Federal and state projects 1699:Southern California Edison 1244:California became part of 1131:Mariposa Indian Encampment 1095: 1014: 931: 719:Kings Canyon National Park 675:California High-Speed Rail 488:) is the longest river of 370: • maximum 360: • minimum 350: • average 10925: 10829: 10683: 10613: 10482: 10421: 10383: 10372: 10244: 10124: 10033: 10008: 9947: 9886: 9840: 9829: 9770: 9763: 9691: 9528: 9460: 9427: 9314: 9223: 9050: 8927: 8626: 8545: 8505: 8446: 8395: 8323: 8260: 8167: 8084: 8011: 7868: 7462:. Classic Books Company. 7023:Benke and Cushing, p. 554 6851:Economic Research Service 6137:Trump, Stephanie (2008). 5637:National Wildlife Refuges 5087:"History of the District" 4996:"Friant Division Project" 4459:. San Francisco Chronicle 4253:"The California Missions" 3560:Benke and Cushing, p. 553 3414:Hoover and Kyle, pp.89-90 3296:Benke and Cushing, p. 555 2687: 2684: 2681: 2384:This section needs to be 2367:Reconnecting to the ocean 2239: 1929:Flood Control Act of 1944 1439: 1435: 1427: 1419: 1410: 1406: 1398: 1361: 1350: 1288: 1283: 1222:Mission San Juan Bautista 679:San Joaquin River Viaduct 667:California State Route 99 656: 598:Mary, the mother of Jesus 516:. An important source of 407: 395: 387: 382: 378: 368: 358: 348: 335: 327: 323: 315: 311:366 mi (589 km) 307: 297: 258: 237: 225: 221: 211: 172: 156: 146: 142: 137: 119: 109: 99: 94: 74: 69:Mary, the mother of Jesus 55: 43: 28: 23: 9505:Oyster Point Marina/Park 9334:Eastern span replacement 7678:Pritzker, Barry (2000). 6789:. U.S. Geological Survey 6427:. Revive the San Joaquin 6253:. U.S. Geological Survey 6227:. U.S. Geological Survey 6197:. U.S. Geological Survey 5758:Moyle, Peter B. (1973). 5616:Arax and Wartzman, p. 49 5145:. Revive the San Joaquin 5113:"Delta Division Project" 5055:"Central Valley Project" 4976:. Friant Water Authority 3871:. U.S. Geological Survey 3865:"Study Unit Description" 3787:. U.S. Geological Survey 3405:Gudde and Bright, p. 337 3321:Bartow, J. Alan (1991). 3271:. U.S. Geological Survey 3065: 840:and San Joaquin Rivers. 745:since 1942, which forms 580:was surveying east from 409: • right 9656:San Francisco Baykeeper 9556:San Leandro Oyster Beds 8217:Red Bluff Diversion Dam 7728:. Infobase Publishing. 7430:Rivers of North America 6703:The National Map Viewer 6578:San Francisco Chronicle 5386:Chico Enterprise-Record 5253:Friant Division Project 4937:Stene, Eric A. (1994). 4649:San Francisco Chronicle 4477:Hoover and Kyle, p. 378 4400:Hoover and Kyle, p. 376 4145:Hoover and Kyle, p. 126 4095:Smithsonian Institution 3536:California's Watersheds 2325:1977 California drought 2094:California oak woodland 1987:Ecology and environment 1354:19000 S. Manthey Road, 1063:California Coast Ranges 563: 500:region of the northern 397: • left 35:San Joaquin River near 11044:Central Valley Project 10590:Owens River Headwaters 9626:Friends of Five Creeks 8914:Laguna Creek Watershed 8839:Marin (Alameda County) 7720:Waldman, Carl (2007). 7705:. Quill Driver Books. 5478:Valley Voice Newspaper 5117:Central Valley Project 5003:Central Valley Project 4486:Hoover and Kyle, p. 89 3891:"Ground-Water Quality" 3423:Sydney M. Lamb. 1957. 3236:(Map). Cartography by 2505: 2335: 2269: 2000: 1947: 1924: 1836:Central Valley Project 1826: 1768: 1678: 1636: 1513:. When California won 1485: 1313:Show map of California 1208:, which today carries 1193: 1138: 1027: 867:, forming the head of 699:Ansel Adams Wilderness 694: 682: 626:, the river is called 613:U.S. Geological Survey 485: 282:38.06667°N 121.85111°W 196:37.72804°N 119.16922°W 163:Ansel Adams Wilderness 79: 9611:The Watershed Project 9591:Cosco Busan oil spill 9470:Port of San Francisco 9442:Blue & Gold Fleet 9357:Dumbarton Rail Bridge 9329:San Francisco–Oakland 9017:China Camp State Park 8879:Clifton Court Forebay 8874:Straits and estuaries 8598:Richmond Inner Harbor 8382:Stockton Ship Channel 7608:Igler, David (2001). 6943:California Water Plan 6682:on September 28, 2011 5888:on September 15, 2009 4418:on September 27, 2011 4212:Beck and Haase, p. 24 4056:Latta, Frank (1978). 3992:Latta, Frank (1978). 3964:on September 27, 2011 3955:Department of Geology 3356:Latta, Frank (1978). 2503: 2333: 2308:Further information: 2304:Groundwater overdraft 2284:and various types of 2267: 2033:Mediterranean climate 1994: 1942: 1918: 1824: 1766: 1759:Stockton Ship Channel 1669: 1634: 1610:riparian water rights 1519:Benjamin Davis Wilson 1483: 1188: 1129: 1082:Western United States 1022: 688: 664: 651:Rio San Juan Bautista 637:, which was the name 10600:Sequoia-Kings Canyon 9631:Urban Creeks Council 9495:Port of Redwood City 9414:Posey/Webster Street 8689:Coyote (Santa Clara) 8300:Sugar Pine Reservoir 7534:Hicks, Jack (2000). 6883:on February 25, 2011 6076:on November 21, 2011 6045:on November 21, 2011 5472:Lindt, John (2009). 4801:. Harvard University 4744:on November 29, 2010 4263:on December 16, 2010 3982:Hittell, pp. 344-346 3927:on November 25, 2010 3761:on February 21, 2011 3532:"San Joaquin Valley" 1628:over small farmers. 1606:James Ben Ali Haggin 1596:irrigation districts 1550:California Gold Rush 1025:Thousand Island Lake 834:inverted river delta 758:Great Central Valley 703:Thousand Island Lake 635:Rio de San Francisco 303:0 ft (0 m) 287:38.06667; -121.85111 201:37.72804; -119.16922 151:Thousand Island Lake 10943:Pacific Crest Trail 10626:Calaveras Big Trees 9771:Peaks >14,000 ft 9668:Estuary Partnership 9341:Richmond–San Rafael 8919:Guadalupe watershed 8869:Lafayette Reservoir 8864:Calaveras Reservoir 8834:Fluvius Innominatus 8523:List of tributaries 8387:Tehama-Colusa Canal 8357:Delta–Mendota Canal 8352:Delta Cross Channel 7778:Great Flood of 1862 7701:Rose, Gene (2000). 6531:on January 20, 2012 6458:on February 9, 2011 6344:on October 19, 2011 6306:Southwest Hydrology 6225:Mining Ground Water 5739:on January 16, 2017 5345:on February 1, 2013 5259:on January 29, 2016 5200:on October 18, 2011 5093:on November 2, 2010 4684:on February 8, 2011 4036:"Tachi Yokut Tribe" 3590:on January 17, 2011 3171:"San Joaquin River" 2361:southern California 2357:State Water Project 2353:California Aqueduct 2221:Kesterson Reservoir 2212:pesticide pollution 2110:World Wildlife Fund 2087:San Joaquin kit fox 1977:Temperance Flat Dam 1908:Delta-Mendota Canal 1831:Water in California 1691:Henry E. Huntington 1677:, completed in 1959 1379: / 1356:Lathrop, California 1202:Tehachapi Mountains 1143:Tehachapi Mountains 1039:dating back to the 770:Delta-Mendota Canal 760:– passing north of 689:The San Joaquin at 520:water as well as a 383:Basin features 278: / 192: / 10974:San Joaquin Valley 10651:Grover Hot Springs 9641:Greenbelt Alliance 9561:Richmond Shipyards 9551:Humphrey the Whale 9517:Foster City Marina 8362:Folsom South Canal 8342:Contra Costa Canal 8337:Clear Creek Tunnel 8295:San Luis Reservoir 7783:2016-03-03 at the 7434:. Academic Press. 7101:"The National Map" 6916:on January 4, 2011 6765:"Watersheds (map)" 5564:"Valley Grassland" 5508:Rivers & Delta 5484:on October 5, 2011 5035:on October 6, 2012 4672:Wolcott, Barbara. 4579:Igler, pp. 103-107 4570:Hundley, pp. 93-94 3542:on October 5, 2010 3187:. January 19, 1981 3148:. January 19, 1981 2524:and the endorheic 2506: 2336: 2270: 2217:acid mine drainage 2108:As defined by the 2001: 1948: 1827: 1769: 1679: 1637: 1486: 1428:Reference no. 1383:37.787°N 121.305°W 1277:Early American era 1256:, a route between 1194: 1139: 1028: 879:into the Pacific. 820:, where a pair of 754:San Joaquin Valley 741:, the location of 735:hydroelectric dams 721:and flows through 713:, which begins at 695: 683: 639:Father Juan Crespí 502:San Joaquin Valley 490:Central California 10969:San Joaquin River 10956: 10955: 10948:Sierra High Route 10933:High Sierra Trail 10679: 10678: 10656:Lake Tahoe Nevada 10029: 10028: 9723: 9722: 9646:The Bay Institute 9447:Golden Gate Ferry 9346:San Mateo–Hayward 9185:Brisbane Baylands 9175:Peninsulas/infill 8982:César Chávez Park 8558:San Francisco Bay 8496:San Francisco Bay 8462: 8461: 8428:San Joaquin River 8367:Friant-Kern Canal 8127: 8126: 8013:San Joaquin River 7802:published by the 7735:978-0-8160-6859-3 7392:. PublicAffairs. 7107:on March 29, 2012 6975:on March 22, 2012 6710:on March 29, 2012 6012:American Currents 5913:Los Angeles Times 5514:on March 19, 2011 5504:"Temperance Flat" 5367:. April 20, 2018. 5123:on March 27, 2011 5029:Environmental Law 4903:"Delta Solutions" 4734:"Big Creek Hydro" 4334:Hicks, pp. 98–102 4156:"Don Pedro Fages" 3745:Parrish, John G. 3040: 3036: 3035: 2493:to well south of 2405: 2404: 2225:a wildlife refuge 2167:inland silverside 2006:Sacramento Valley 1932:component is the 1876:Friant-Kern Canal 1807:Mandeville Island 1490:Pacific Northwest 1443: 1442: 1226:San Benito County 1224:, in present-day 1101:Indigenous people 1055:alluvial deposits 1012: 1011: 891:(7.4–9.7 million 877:San Francisco Bay 786:Chowchilla Rivers 522:wildlife corridor 510:San Francisco Bay 435:San Joaquin River 431: 430: 24:San Joaquin River 11071: 10892:Mammoth Mountain 10867:Donner Ski Ranch 10796:South Lake Tahoe 10666:South Yuba River 10483:Wilderness areas 10444:Lake Tahoe Basin 10434:Humboldt–Toiyabe 10422:National forests 10381: 10380: 9965:Bear Creek Spire 9835: 9768: 9767: 9750: 9743: 9736: 9727: 9726: 9712: 9711: 9700: 9674: 9582: 9537: 9521: 9510:Westpoint Harbor 9480:Port of Richmond 9410: 9369:Benicia–Martinez 9325: 9176: 9091: 9061: 8910: 8884:Carquinez Strait 8875: 8860: 8769:San Francisquito 8665: 8635: 8613:Yerba Buena Cove 8609: 8574: 8554: 8540: 8489: 8482: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8447:Other facilities 8438:Stanislaus River 8423:Sacramento River 8413:Chowchilla River 8315:Whiskeytown Lake 8285:New Melones Lake 8237:Spring Creek Dam 8154: 8147: 8140: 8131: 8130: 8071:Chowchilla River 8039:Stanislaus River 7894:Cottonwood Creek 7870:Sacramento River 7853: 7846: 7839: 7830: 7829: 7762: 7750: 7739: 7727: 7716: 7697: 7685: 7674: 7665: 7654:. Island Press. 7653: 7642: 7623: 7604: 7583: 7571: 7560: 7551: 7530: 7511: 7499: 7473: 7454: 7445: 7433: 7422: 7403: 7376: 7375: 7373: 7371: 7357: 7349: 7343: 7342: 7340: 7338: 7319: 7313: 7312: 7310: 7308: 7289: 7283: 7282: 7280: 7278: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7248: 7233: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7207: 7201: 7200: 7198: 7196: 7186: 7178: 7172: 7171: 7169: 7167: 7157: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7140: 7138: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7097: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7067: 7059: 7053: 7052: 7050: 7048: 7038: 7030: 7024: 7021: 7015: 7014: 7012: 7010: 7000: 6991: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6980: 6965: 6959: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6949:on March 4, 2011 6935: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6902: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6869: 6863: 6862: 6860: 6858: 6843: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6819: 6810: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6794: 6783: 6777: 6776: 6774: 6772: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6750: 6745:on March 8, 2012 6744: 6737: 6729: 6720: 6719: 6717: 6715: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6668: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6657: 6652:on July 27, 2011 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6625: 6617: 6611: 6610: 6608: 6606: 6601:. April 29, 2016 6595: 6589: 6588: 6586: 6584: 6569: 6563: 6562: 6560: 6558: 6547: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6527:. Archived from 6521: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6505:on March 2, 2013 6501:. Archived from 6495: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6474: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6454:. Archived from 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6416: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6405: 6400:on March 6, 2011 6396:. Archived from 6385: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6374: 6368: 6360: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6343: 6332: 6324: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6303: 6295: 6289: 6288: 6286: 6284: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6243: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6222: 6213: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6187: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6170: 6164:Thompson, Troy. 6161: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6150: 6134: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6123: 6111: 6105: 6104: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6072:. Archived from 6061: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6041:. Archived from 6030: 6024: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6004: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5978:on March 8, 2011 5968: 5962: 5961: 5949: 5943: 5942: 5930: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5873: 5867: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5821: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5792: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5776:on March 4, 2016 5775: 5764: 5755: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5725: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5704: 5696: 5690: 5689:Merchant, p. 274 5687: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5670: 5663: 5655: 5649: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5634: 5626: 5617: 5614: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5603: 5592: 5586: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5576:on July 25, 2011 5575: 5568: 5559: 5553: 5552: 5550: 5548: 5538: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5500: 5494: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5480:. Archived from 5469: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5453:on March 3, 2016 5452: 5445: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5411: 5405: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5395:on July 25, 2011 5394: 5383: 5375: 5369: 5368: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5339:Reedley Exponent 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5320: 5314: 5306: 5297: 5296: 5294: 5292: 5286: 5278: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5224: 5216: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5199: 5188: 5179: 5173: 5170: 5164: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5067:on July 26, 2011 5066: 5059: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5021: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5010: 5000: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4970: 4964: 4961: 4955: 4954: 4952: 4950: 4934: 4928: 4925: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4914: 4899: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4858: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4825: 4817: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4800: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4776:on July 27, 2011 4775: 4768: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4738:Power Generation 4730: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4719: 4709: 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4669: 4660: 4659: 4657: 4655: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4625: 4624:Merchant, p. 239 4622: 4616: 4613: 4607: 4604: 4598: 4595: 4589: 4586: 4580: 4577: 4571: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4538: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4513:on July 25, 2011 4512: 4501: 4493: 4487: 4484: 4478: 4475: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4452: 4446: 4443: 4437: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4407: 4401: 4398: 4392: 4389: 4383: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4359: 4353: 4350: 4344: 4341: 4335: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4310: 4304: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4288: 4282: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4249: 4240: 4239:Pritzker, p. 157 4237: 4231: 4228: 4222: 4219: 4213: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4194:on April 1, 2011 4193: 4182: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4152: 4146: 4143: 4137: 4134: 4128: 4125: 4119: 4113: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4087: 4081: 4078: 4072: 4071: 4053: 4047: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4017: 4014: 4008: 4007: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3963: 3952: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3861: 3852: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3836: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3812: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3760: 3753: 3742: 3733: 3732: 3730: 3728: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3665: 3657: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3629: 3620: 3614: 3613: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3576: 3561: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3528: 3522: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3464: 3458: 3457: 3436: 3430: 3421: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3386: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3353: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3318: 3312: 3306: 3297: 3294: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3265: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3228: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3167: 3158: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3128: 3109: 3106: 3100: 3096: 3090: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3038: 2872:Chowchilla River 2791:Stanislaus River 2676: 2675: 2656:. Of these, the 2512:, mostly of the 2510:endorheic basins 2400: 2397: 2391: 2379: 2378: 2371: 2132:species such as 2011:Nassella pulchra 1847:Great Depression 1843:State Water Plan 1787:Port of Stockton 1695:John S. Eastwood 1671:Mammoth Pool Dam 1584:Tiburcio Vásquez 1580:Joaquín Murrieta 1543:San Joaquin City 1471:Stanislaus River 1394: 1393: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1388:37.787; -121.305 1384: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1342: 1333: 1332: 1326: 1314: 1305: 1304: 1298: 1281: 1280: 1271:Stanislaus River 1135:Albert Bierstadt 1121:hunter-gatherers 1037:metamorphic rock 929: 928: 873:Carquinez Strait 810:Stanislaus River 681:is also visible. 582:Mission San José 504:before reaching 479: 478: 475: 474: 471: 468: 465: 462: 459: 455: 454: 451: 448: 445: 422:Stanislaus River 410: 398: 371: 361: 351: 338: 293: 292: 290: 289: 288: 283: 279: 276: 275: 274: 271: 214: 207: 206: 204: 203: 202: 197: 193: 190: 189: 188: 185: 175: 159: 90: 82: 59:c. 1805-1808 by 48: 33: 21: 20: 11079: 11078: 11074: 11073: 11072: 11070: 11069: 11068: 10959: 10958: 10957: 10952: 10938:John Muir Trail 10921: 10907:Palisades Tahoe 10902:Sierra at Tahoe 10825: 10721:Incline Village 10675: 10636:Donner Memorial 10609: 10478: 10417: 10408:Devils Postpile 10385: 10375: 10368: 10240: 10120: 10025: 10004: 9943: 9882: 9836: 9827: 9823:Middle Palisade 9759: 9754: 9724: 9719: 9687: 9672: 9580: 9535: 9524: 9514: 9500:Berkeley Marina 9475:Oakland Seaport 9462: 9456: 9423: 9408: 9404:Bay Farm Island 9323: 9316: 9310: 9219: 9215:Steamboat Point 9174: 9089: 9080:Treasure Island 9059: 9052: 9046: 8930:protected areas 8929: 8923: 8908: 8889:Oakland Estuary 8873: 8858: 8663: 8633: 8622: 8607: 8603:San Leandro Bay 8572: 8552: 8541: 8532: 8501: 8493: 8463: 8458: 8442: 8391: 8319: 8290:O'Neill Forebay 8256: 8252:Whiskeytown Dam 8202:New Melones Dam 8163: 8158: 8128: 8123: 8080: 8034:Calaveras River 8022:Mokelumne River 8007: 7919:Big Chico Creek 7864: 7857: 7785:Wayback Machine 7769: 7759: 7736: 7713: 7694: 7662: 7639: 7620: 7601: 7580: 7548: 7527: 7508: 7470: 7442: 7419: 7400: 7384: 7379: 7369: 7367: 7355: 7351: 7350: 7346: 7336: 7334: 7321: 7320: 7316: 7306: 7304: 7291: 7290: 7286: 7276: 7274: 7261: 7260: 7256: 7246: 7244: 7235: 7234: 7230: 7220: 7218: 7209: 7208: 7204: 7194: 7192: 7184: 7180: 7179: 7175: 7165: 7163: 7155: 7151: 7150: 7146: 7136: 7134: 7125: 7124: 7120: 7110: 7108: 7099: 7098: 7085: 7075: 7073: 7065: 7061: 7060: 7056: 7046: 7044: 7036: 7032: 7031: 7027: 7022: 7018: 7008: 7006: 6998: 6992: 6988: 6978: 6976: 6967: 6966: 6962: 6952: 6950: 6937: 6936: 6929: 6919: 6917: 6904: 6903: 6896: 6886: 6884: 6871: 6870: 6866: 6856: 6854: 6845: 6844: 6837: 6827: 6825: 6817: 6811: 6802: 6792: 6790: 6785: 6784: 6780: 6770: 6768: 6763: 6762: 6758: 6748: 6746: 6742: 6735: 6731: 6730: 6723: 6713: 6711: 6700: 6699: 6695: 6685: 6683: 6670: 6669: 6665: 6655: 6653: 6644: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6618: 6614: 6604: 6602: 6597: 6596: 6592: 6582: 6580: 6570: 6566: 6556: 6554: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6534: 6532: 6523: 6522: 6518: 6508: 6506: 6497: 6496: 6492: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6475: 6471: 6461: 6459: 6444: 6440: 6430: 6428: 6417: 6413: 6403: 6401: 6394:Merced Sun-Star 6386: 6382: 6372: 6370: 6366: 6362: 6361: 6357: 6347: 6345: 6341: 6335:Flow Monitoring 6330: 6326: 6325: 6321: 6311: 6309: 6301: 6297: 6296: 6292: 6282: 6280: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6256: 6254: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6220: 6214: 6210: 6200: 6198: 6189: 6188: 6184: 6174: 6172: 6168: 6162: 6158: 6148: 6146: 6135: 6131: 6121: 6119: 6112: 6108: 6093: 6089: 6079: 6077: 6062: 6058: 6048: 6046: 6031: 6027: 6017: 6015: 6006: 6005: 6001: 5995: 5991: 5981: 5979: 5970: 5969: 5965: 5950: 5946: 5931: 5927: 5917: 5915: 5905: 5901: 5891: 5889: 5874: 5870: 5860: 5858: 5857:. March 9, 2011 5849: 5848: 5844: 5834: 5832: 5823: 5822: 5815: 5805: 5803: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5762: 5756: 5752: 5742: 5740: 5727: 5726: 5722: 5712: 5710: 5702: 5698: 5697: 5693: 5688: 5684: 5674: 5672: 5668: 5661: 5657: 5656: 5652: 5642: 5640: 5632: 5628: 5627: 5620: 5615: 5611: 5601: 5599: 5594: 5593: 5589: 5579: 5577: 5573: 5566: 5560: 5556: 5546: 5544: 5536: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5517: 5515: 5502: 5501: 5497: 5487: 5485: 5470: 5466: 5456: 5454: 5450: 5443: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5424: 5422: 5412: 5408: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5372: 5363: 5362: 5358: 5348: 5346: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5300: 5290: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5279: 5272: 5262: 5260: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5232: 5230: 5222: 5218: 5217: 5213: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5186: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5167: 5162: 5158: 5148: 5146: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5124: 5111: 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5053: 5052: 5048: 5038: 5036: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5008: 5006: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4972: 4971: 4967: 4963:Hundley, p. 257 4962: 4958: 4948: 4946: 4935: 4931: 4927:Hundley, p. 255 4926: 4922: 4912: 4910: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4886: 4884: 4883:on May 19, 2011 4875: 4874: 4870: 4865: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4843: 4833: 4831: 4823: 4819: 4818: 4814: 4804: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4766: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4747: 4745: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4717: 4715: 4707: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4670: 4663: 4653: 4651: 4641: 4637: 4632: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4614: 4610: 4605: 4601: 4597:Rose, pp. 45-46 4596: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4578: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4556: 4546: 4544: 4536: 4530: 4526: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4499: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4481: 4476: 4472: 4462: 4460: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4440: 4435: 4431: 4421: 4419: 4408: 4404: 4399: 4395: 4390: 4386: 4381: 4377: 4369: 4365: 4360: 4356: 4351: 4347: 4343:Farquhar, p. 26 4342: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4319: 4317: 4312: 4311: 4307: 4297: 4295: 4294:. City of Ripon 4290: 4289: 4285: 4281:Waldman, p. 134 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4251: 4250: 4243: 4238: 4234: 4230:Rose, pp. 18-19 4229: 4225: 4220: 4216: 4211: 4207: 4197: 4195: 4191: 4180: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4154: 4153: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4114: 4110: 4100: 4098: 4089: 4088: 4084: 4079: 4075: 4068: 4054: 4050: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4011: 4004: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3961: 3950: 3944: 3940: 3930: 3928: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3901:on May 25, 2009 3889: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3863: 3862: 3855: 3845: 3843: 3838: 3837: 3830: 3820: 3818: 3810: 3804: 3800: 3790: 3788: 3779: 3778: 3774: 3764: 3762: 3758: 3751: 3743: 3736: 3726: 3724: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3663: 3659: 3658: 3647: 3637: 3635: 3627: 3621: 3617: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3591: 3578: 3577: 3564: 3559: 3555: 3545: 3543: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3503: 3501: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3466: 3465: 3461: 3438: 3437: 3433: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3390: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3354: 3350: 3342: 3338: 3319: 3315: 3307: 3300: 3295: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3267: 3266: 3253: 3243: 3241: 3230: 3229: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3169: 3168: 3161: 3151: 3149: 3130: 3129: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3112: 3107: 3103: 3097: 3093: 3087: 3083: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3055:Fine Gold Creek 3046: 2764:Calaveras River 2737:Mokelumne River 2685:Drainage basin 2666:Mokelumne River 2646: 2476: 2464:Ducks Unlimited 2456: 2415:Friant Division 2401: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2380: 2376: 2369: 2341:land subsidence 2312: 2306: 2291:fish hatcheries 2242: 2195: 2175:smallmouth bass 2130:anadromous fish 1989: 1957: 1934:Eastside Bypass 1925: 1921: 1916: 1914:Eastside Bypass 1838: 1833: 1819: 1761: 1664: 1659: 1603:land speculator 1567: 1511:cattle ranching 1415: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1365: 1346: 1345: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1334: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1279: 1254:El Camino Viejo 1175:Don Pedro Fages 1171: 1103: 1098: 1017: 927: 926: 924: 920: 885: 859:and the larger 857:Calaveras River 659: 566: 486:Río San Joaquín 456: 442: 438: 426:Mokelumne River 408: 396: 369: 359: 349: 336: 300: 286: 284: 280: 277: 272: 269: 267: 265: 264: 261: 240: 212: 200: 198: 194: 191: 186: 183: 181: 179: 178: 173: 157: 84: 80:Río San Joaquín 51: 39: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11077: 11067: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10954: 10953: 10951: 10950: 10945: 10940: 10935: 10929: 10927: 10923: 10922: 10920: 10919: 10914: 10909: 10904: 10899: 10894: 10889: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10837:Alpine Meadows 10833: 10831: 10827: 10826: 10824: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10687: 10685: 10681: 10680: 10677: 10676: 10674: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10617: 10615: 10611: 10610: 10608: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10505:Carson–Iceberg 10502: 10497: 10492: 10486: 10484: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10425: 10423: 10419: 10418: 10416: 10415: 10410: 10405: 10400: 10395: 10389: 10387: 10384:National parks 10378: 10370: 10369: 10367: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10331: 10326: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10306: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10275: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10248: 10246: 10242: 10241: 10239: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10223: 10218: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10193: 10188: 10183: 10178: 10173: 10168: 10163: 10162: 10161: 10151: 10146: 10145: 10144: 10139: 10128: 10126: 10122: 10121: 10119: 10118: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10037: 10035: 10031: 10030: 10027: 10026: 10024: 10023: 10018: 10012: 10010: 10006: 10005: 10003: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9962: 9957: 9951: 9949: 9948:Southern peaks 9945: 9944: 9942: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9890: 9888: 9884: 9883: 9881: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9844: 9842: 9841:Northern peaks 9838: 9837: 9830: 9828: 9826: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9788:North Palisade 9785: 9780: 9774: 9772: 9765: 9761: 9760: 9753: 9752: 9745: 9738: 9730: 9721: 9720: 9718: 9717: 9705: 9692: 9689: 9688: 9686: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9673:Transportation 9670: 9665: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9636:1971 oil spill 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9596:Thicktail chub 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9571:Harold Gilliam 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9546:Discovery Site 9543: 9541:Delta and Dawn 9538: 9532: 9530: 9526: 9525: 9523: 9522: 9512: 9507: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9466: 9464: 9458: 9457: 9455: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9433: 9431: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9337: 9336: 9326: 9320: 9318: 9312: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9227: 9225: 9221: 9220: 9218: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9056: 9054: 9048: 9047: 9045: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8933: 8931: 8925: 8924: 8922: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8894:Raccoon Strait 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8826: 8821: 8816: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8694:Coyote (Marin) 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8630: 8628: 8624: 8623: 8621: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8593:San Rafael Bay 8590: 8588:Richardson Bay 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8549: 8547: 8543: 8542: 8535: 8533: 8531: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8509: 8507: 8503: 8502: 8492: 8491: 8484: 8477: 8469: 8460: 8459: 8457: 8456: 8450: 8448: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8440: 8435: 8433:San Luis Creek 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8403:American River 8399: 8397: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8377:San Luis Canal 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8333: 8331: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8275:Millerton Lake 8272: 8266: 8264: 8258: 8257: 8255: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8242:Sugar Pine Dam 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8173: 8171: 8165: 8164: 8157: 8156: 8149: 8142: 8134: 8125: 8124: 8122: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8090: 8088: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8066:Mariposa Creek 8063: 8058: 8057: 8056: 8051: 8044:Tuolumne River 8041: 8036: 8031: 8030: 8029: 8027:Cosumnes River 8018: 8016: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7994: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7976:American River 7973: 7972: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7875: 7873: 7866: 7865: 7856: 7855: 7848: 7841: 7833: 7827: 7826: 7824:2006 Agreement 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7775: 7768: 7767:External links 7765: 7764: 7763: 7757: 7740: 7734: 7717: 7711: 7698: 7692: 7675: 7666: 7660: 7643: 7637: 7624: 7618: 7605: 7599: 7584: 7578: 7561: 7552: 7546: 7531: 7525: 7512: 7506: 7489: 7474: 7468: 7455: 7446: 7440: 7423: 7417: 7404: 7398: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7377: 7344: 7314: 7284: 7254: 7228: 7202: 7173: 7144: 7118: 7083: 7054: 7025: 7016: 6986: 6960: 6927: 6894: 6864: 6835: 6800: 6778: 6756: 6721: 6693: 6663: 6637: 6612: 6590: 6564: 6542: 6516: 6490: 6469: 6438: 6411: 6380: 6355: 6319: 6290: 6277:Sacramento Bee 6264: 6238: 6208: 6182: 6156: 6129: 6118:. SF Chronicle 6106: 6087: 6056: 6025: 5999: 5989: 5963: 5944: 5925: 5899: 5868: 5842: 5813: 5787: 5750: 5720: 5691: 5682: 5650: 5618: 5609: 5587: 5554: 5525: 5495: 5464: 5432: 5406: 5370: 5356: 5326: 5298: 5270: 5240: 5211: 5174: 5165: 5156: 5134: 5104: 5078: 5046: 5016: 4987: 4974:"About Friant" 4965: 4956: 4929: 4920: 4894: 4868: 4859: 4850: 4841: 4812: 4787: 4755: 4725: 4695: 4661: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4608: 4599: 4590: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4561:Hundley, p. 92 4554: 4524: 4488: 4479: 4470: 4447: 4438: 4429: 4402: 4393: 4384: 4375: 4363: 4354: 4345: 4336: 4327: 4305: 4283: 4274: 4241: 4232: 4223: 4214: 4205: 4169: 4147: 4138: 4129: 4120: 4108: 4082: 4080:Curtis, p. 131 4073: 4066: 4048: 4027: 4018: 4016:Curtis, p. 129 4009: 4002: 3984: 3975: 3938: 3912: 3882: 3853: 3828: 3798: 3772: 3734: 3707: 3681: 3645: 3615: 3601: 3562: 3553: 3523: 3511: 3498:Issues – Water 3485: 3459: 3431: 3416: 3407: 3398: 3373: 3366: 3348: 3336: 3331:10.3133/pp1501 3313: 3298: 3282: 3251: 3198: 3159: 3119: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3110: 3101: 3091: 3081: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3063: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3045: 3042: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3006: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2950: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2895: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2818:Tuolumne River 2814: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2723: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2658:Tuolumne River 2645: 2642: 2614:State Route 99 2544:. The sloping 2475: 2472: 2455: 2452: 2403: 2402: 2383: 2381: 2374: 2368: 2365: 2305: 2302: 2250:chinook salmon 2246:Pacific salmon 2241: 2238: 2194: 2191: 2179:redear sunfish 2163:threadfin shad 2155:fathead minnow 2142:Columbia Basin 2040:Pacific Flyway 1995:A road in the 1988: 1985: 1961:Millerton Lake 1956: 1953: 1944:Millerton Lake 1917: 1915: 1912: 1837: 1834: 1818: 1815: 1760: 1757: 1753:Millerton Lake 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1566: 1565:Irrigation era 1563: 1539:Samuel Brannan 1467:American River 1447:Jedediah Smith 1441: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1400: 1396: 1395: 1363: 1359: 1358: 1352: 1348: 1347: 1337: 1328: 1327: 1321: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1309: 1300: 1299: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1278: 1275: 1170: 1167: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1071:Pacific Plates 1067:North American 1016: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 994: 991: 988: 985: 982: 979: 976: 972: 971: 968: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 934: 933: 922: 915: 884: 881: 822:distributaries 747:Millerton Lake 658: 655: 605:Jedediah Smith 596:and father of 578:Gabriel Moraga 565: 562: 429: 428: 418:Tuolumne River 411: 405: 404: 399: 393: 392: 389: 385: 384: 380: 379: 376: 375: 372: 366: 365: 362: 356: 355: 352: 346: 345: 339: 333: 332: 329: 325: 324: 321: 320: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 301: 298: 295: 294: 262: 259: 256: 255: 241: 238: 235: 234: 229: 223: 222: 219: 218: 215: 209: 208: 176: 170: 169: 160: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 140: 139: 135: 134: 121: 117: 116: 111: 107: 106: 101: 97: 96: 92: 91: 76: 72: 71: 61:Gabriel Moraga 57: 53: 52: 49: 41: 40: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11076: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10949: 10946: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10934: 10931: 10930: 10928: 10924: 10918: 10915: 10913: 10910: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10882:June Mountain 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10834: 10832: 10828: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10741:Mammoth Lakes 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10688: 10686: 10682: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10661:Plumas-Eureka 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10618: 10616: 10612: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10595:Sacatar Trail 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10481: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10426: 10424: 10420: 10414: 10413:Giant Sequoia 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10390: 10388: 10386:and monuments 10382: 10379: 10377: 10371: 10365: 10364:Hell for Sure 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10352: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10310: 10307: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10254: 10253: 10250: 10249: 10247: 10243: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10187: 10184: 10182: 10179: 10177: 10174: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10160: 10157: 10156: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10134: 10133: 10130: 10129: 10127: 10123: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10038: 10036: 10032: 10022: 10021:First ascents 10019: 10017: 10014: 10013: 10011: 10007: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9946: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9891: 9889: 9887:Central peaks 9885: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9858:Granite Chief 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9845: 9843: 9839: 9834: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9769: 9766: 9762: 9758: 9757:Sierra Nevada 9751: 9746: 9744: 9739: 9737: 9732: 9731: 9728: 9716: 9715: 9706: 9704: 9703: 9699: 9694: 9693: 9690: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9663: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9534: 9533: 9531: 9527: 9520: 9518: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9467: 9465: 9459: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9434: 9432: 9430: 9426: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9358: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9335: 9332: 9331: 9330: 9327: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9313: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9228: 9226: 9222: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9205:Hunters Point 9203: 9201: 9200:Fleming Point 9198: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9155:Marin Islands 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9060:Major islands 9058: 9057: 9055: 9049: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8934: 8932: 8926: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8857: 8855: 8854:Mission Creek 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8815: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8632: 8631: 8629: 8625: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8571: 8569: 8568:San Pablo Bay 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8544: 8539: 8529: 8528:List of lakes 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8510: 8508: 8504: 8500: 8497: 8490: 8485: 8483: 8478: 8476: 8471: 8470: 8467: 8455: 8452: 8451: 8449: 8445: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8394: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8347:Corning Canal 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8334: 8332: 8330: 8326: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8267: 8265: 8263: 8259: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8222:San Justo Dam 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8182:B.F. Sisk Dam 8180: 8178: 8175: 8174: 8172: 8170: 8166: 8162: 8155: 8150: 8148: 8143: 8141: 8136: 8135: 8132: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8091: 8089: 8087: 8083: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8028: 8025: 8024: 8023: 8020: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8010: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7977: 7974: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7936: 7935: 7934:Feather River 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7884:McCloud River 7882: 7880: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7867: 7862: 7854: 7849: 7847: 7842: 7840: 7835: 7834: 7831: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7782: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7770: 7760: 7758:0-7922-7847-X 7754: 7749: 7748: 7741: 7737: 7731: 7726: 7725: 7718: 7714: 7712:1-884995-20-9 7708: 7704: 7699: 7695: 7693:0-19-513877-5 7689: 7684: 7683: 7676: 7672: 7667: 7663: 7661:1-55963-580-0 7657: 7652: 7651: 7644: 7640: 7638:0-520-06411-9 7634: 7630: 7625: 7621: 7619:0-520-22658-5 7615: 7611: 7606: 7602: 7600:0-520-07786-5 7596: 7592: 7591: 7585: 7581: 7579:0-8047-4482-3 7575: 7570: 7569: 7562: 7558: 7553: 7549: 7547:0-520-21524-9 7543: 7539: 7538: 7532: 7528: 7526:0-16-004574-6 7522: 7518: 7513: 7509: 7507:0-520-03896-7 7503: 7498: 7497: 7490: 7487: 7486:0-520-24217-3 7483: 7479: 7475: 7471: 7469:0-7426-9814-9 7465: 7461: 7456: 7452: 7447: 7443: 7441:0-12-088253-1 7437: 7432: 7431: 7424: 7420: 7418:0-8061-2456-3 7414: 7410: 7405: 7401: 7399:1-58648-281-5 7395: 7391: 7386: 7385: 7365: 7361: 7354: 7348: 7332: 7328: 7324: 7318: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7288: 7272: 7268: 7264: 7258: 7242: 7238: 7232: 7216: 7212: 7206: 7190: 7183: 7177: 7161: 7154: 7148: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7106: 7102: 7096: 7094: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7071: 7064: 7058: 7042: 7035: 7029: 7020: 7004: 6997: 6990: 6974: 6970: 6964: 6948: 6944: 6940: 6934: 6932: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6899: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6852: 6848: 6842: 6840: 6823: 6816: 6809: 6807: 6805: 6788: 6782: 6766: 6760: 6741: 6734: 6728: 6726: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6697: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6667: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6622: 6616: 6600: 6594: 6579: 6575: 6568: 6552: 6546: 6530: 6526: 6520: 6504: 6500: 6494: 6479: 6473: 6457: 6453: 6449: 6442: 6426: 6422: 6415: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6384: 6365: 6359: 6340: 6336: 6329: 6323: 6307: 6300: 6294: 6278: 6274: 6268: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6226: 6219: 6212: 6196: 6192: 6186: 6167: 6160: 6144: 6140: 6133: 6117: 6110: 6102: 6098: 6091: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6060: 6044: 6040: 6039:Recordnet.com 6036: 6029: 6013: 6009: 6003: 5993: 5977: 5973: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5948: 5940: 5936: 5929: 5914: 5910: 5903: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5856: 5852: 5846: 5830: 5826: 5820: 5818: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5772: 5768: 5761: 5754: 5738: 5734: 5730: 5724: 5708: 5701: 5695: 5686: 5667: 5660: 5654: 5638: 5631: 5625: 5623: 5613: 5597: 5591: 5572: 5565: 5558: 5542: 5535: 5529: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5499: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5468: 5449: 5442: 5436: 5421: 5417: 5410: 5391: 5387: 5380: 5374: 5366: 5360: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5330: 5311: 5305: 5303: 5283: 5277: 5275: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5244: 5228: 5221: 5215: 5196: 5192: 5185: 5178: 5169: 5160: 5144: 5138: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5082: 5063: 5056: 5050: 5034: 5030: 5026: 5020: 5004: 4997: 4991: 4975: 4969: 4960: 4944: 4940: 4933: 4924: 4908: 4904: 4898: 4882: 4878: 4872: 4863: 4854: 4845: 4829: 4822: 4816: 4797: 4791: 4772: 4765: 4759: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4713: 4706: 4699: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4668: 4666: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4630: 4621: 4612: 4603: 4594: 4585: 4576: 4567: 4558: 4542: 4535: 4528: 4509: 4505: 4498: 4492: 4483: 4474: 4458: 4451: 4442: 4433: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4397: 4388: 4379: 4372: 4367: 4358: 4349: 4340: 4331: 4315: 4309: 4293: 4287: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4248: 4246: 4236: 4227: 4218: 4209: 4190: 4186: 4179: 4173: 4157: 4151: 4142: 4133: 4124: 4117: 4112: 4096: 4092: 4086: 4077: 4069: 4067:9781892622099 4063: 4059: 4052: 4037: 4031: 4022: 4013: 4005: 4003:9781892622099 3999: 3995: 3988: 3979: 3960: 3956: 3949: 3942: 3926: 3922: 3916: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3886: 3870: 3866: 3860: 3858: 3841: 3835: 3833: 3816: 3809: 3802: 3786: 3782: 3776: 3757: 3750: 3749: 3741: 3739: 3722: 3718: 3711: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3669: 3662: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3633: 3626: 3619: 3611: 3605: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3575: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3557: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3527: 3520: 3515: 3499: 3495: 3489: 3473: 3472:Surface Water 3469: 3463: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3435: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3411: 3402: 3383: 3377: 3369: 3367:9781892622099 3363: 3359: 3352: 3345: 3340: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3317: 3310: 3305: 3303: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3270: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3240:. ACME Mapper 3239: 3235: 3234: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3177: 3172: 3166: 3164: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3133: 3127: 3125: 3120: 3105: 3095: 3085: 3075: 3071: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3041: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2728: 2724: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 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665:Crossings of 663: 654: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 631: 629: 628:typici h huu' 625: 624:Mono language 620: 618: 614: 610: 606: 601: 599: 595: 592:, husband of 591: 590:Saint Joachim 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 561: 558: 554: 550: 546: 541: 539: 535: 529: 527: 523: 519: 515: 514:Pacific Ocean 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 494:Sierra Nevada 491: 487: 483: 477: 436: 427: 423: 419: 415: 412: 406: 403: 402:Fresno Slough 400: 394: 390: 386: 381: 377: 373: 367: 363: 357: 353: 347: 343: 340: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 296: 291: 263: 257: 253: 249: 245: 242: 236: 233: 230: 228: 224: 220: 216: 210: 205: 177: 171: 168: 167:Sierra Nevada 164: 161: 155: 152: 149: 145: 141: 136: 133: 129: 125: 122: 118: 115: 112: 108: 105: 104:United States 102: 98: 93: 88: 81: 77: 73: 70: 66: 65:Saint Joachim 62: 58: 54: 47: 42: 38: 32: 27: 22: 19: 10917:Tahoe Donner 10806:Sutter Creek 10751:Markleeville 10716:Grass Valley 10621:Burton Creek 10545:Jennie Lakes 10530:Golden Trout 10515:Dinkey Lakes 10510:Chimney Peak 10393:Kings Canyon 10304:Independence 10195: 9707: 9695: 9660: 9616:Save The Bay 9515: 9355: 9276:Point Molate 9251:Crissy Field 9210:Sierra Point 9190:Point Isabel 9170:Seal Islands 9135:Hooks Island 9120:Castro Rocks 9027:SF Bay Trail 8739:Corte Madera 8638: 8546:Subdivisions 8427: 8372:Madera Canal 8310:Trinity Lake 8232:Sly Park Dam 8197:Lewiston Dam 8099:Kaweah River 8086:Tulare Basin 8076:Fresno River 8061:Merced River 8054:Cherry Creek 8049:Clavey River 8012: 7914:Thomes Creek 7899:Battle Creek 7746: 7723: 7702: 7681: 7670: 7649: 7628: 7609: 7589: 7567: 7556: 7536: 7516: 7495: 7477: 7459: 7450: 7429: 7408: 7389: 7368:. Retrieved 7359: 7347: 7335:. Retrieved 7326: 7317: 7305:. Retrieved 7296: 7287: 7275:. Retrieved 7266: 7257: 7245:. Retrieved 7240: 7231: 7219:. Retrieved 7214: 7205: 7193:. Retrieved 7188: 7176: 7164:. Retrieved 7159: 7147: 7135:. Retrieved 7130: 7121: 7109:. Retrieved 7105:the original 7074:. Retrieved 7069: 7057: 7045:. Retrieved 7040: 7028: 7019: 7007:. Retrieved 7002: 6989: 6977:. Retrieved 6973:the original 6963: 6951:. Retrieved 6947:the original 6942: 6918:. Retrieved 6914:the original 6909: 6885:. Retrieved 6881:the original 6876: 6867: 6855:. Retrieved 6850: 6826:. Retrieved 6821: 6791:. Retrieved 6781: 6769:. Retrieved 6759: 6747:. Retrieved 6740:the original 6712:. Retrieved 6708:the original 6702: 6696: 6684:. Retrieved 6680:the original 6675: 6666: 6654:. Retrieved 6650:the original 6640: 6628:. Retrieved 6615: 6603:. Retrieved 6593: 6581:. Retrieved 6577: 6567: 6555:. Retrieved 6545: 6535:September 9, 6533:. Retrieved 6529:the original 6519: 6507:. Retrieved 6503:the original 6493: 6481:. Retrieved 6472: 6460:. Retrieved 6456:the original 6451: 6441: 6429:. Retrieved 6424: 6414: 6402:. Retrieved 6398:the original 6393: 6383: 6371:. Retrieved 6358: 6346:. Retrieved 6339:the original 6334: 6322: 6310:. Retrieved 6305: 6299:"Government" 6293: 6283:September 4, 6281:. Retrieved 6276: 6267: 6255:. Retrieved 6250: 6241: 6229:. Retrieved 6224: 6211: 6199:. Retrieved 6194: 6185: 6173:. Retrieved 6159: 6147:. Retrieved 6143:Geohydrology 6142: 6132: 6122:September 9, 6120:. Retrieved 6109: 6100: 6090: 6078:. Retrieved 6074:the original 6069: 6059: 6047:. Retrieved 6043:the original 6038: 6028: 6016:. Retrieved 6011: 6002: 5992: 5980:. Retrieved 5976:the original 5966: 5957: 5953: 5947: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5916:. Retrieved 5912: 5902: 5890:. Retrieved 5886:the original 5881: 5871: 5859:. Retrieved 5854: 5845: 5833:. Retrieved 5828: 5804:. Retrieved 5799: 5790: 5778:. Retrieved 5771:the original 5766: 5753: 5741:. Retrieved 5737:the original 5732: 5723: 5711:. Retrieved 5706: 5694: 5685: 5673:. Retrieved 5653: 5641:. Retrieved 5636: 5612: 5600:. Retrieved 5590: 5578:. Retrieved 5571:the original 5557: 5545:. Retrieved 5540: 5528: 5516:. Retrieved 5512:the original 5507: 5498: 5486:. Retrieved 5482:the original 5477: 5467: 5455:. Retrieved 5448:the original 5435: 5425:September 7, 5423:. Retrieved 5419: 5409: 5397:. Retrieved 5390:the original 5385: 5373: 5359: 5347:. Retrieved 5343:the original 5338: 5329: 5317:. Retrieved 5289:. Retrieved 5261:. Retrieved 5257:the original 5252: 5249:"Friant Dam" 5243: 5231:. Retrieved 5226: 5214: 5202:. Retrieved 5195:the original 5190: 5177: 5172:Rose, p. 112 5168: 5163:Rose, p. 123 5159: 5147:. Retrieved 5137: 5125:. Retrieved 5121:the original 5116: 5107: 5095:. Retrieved 5091:the original 5081: 5069:. Retrieved 5062:the original 5049: 5037:. Retrieved 5033:the original 5028: 5019: 5007:. Retrieved 5002: 4990: 4978:. Retrieved 4968: 4959: 4947:. Retrieved 4942: 4932: 4923: 4911:. Retrieved 4906: 4897: 4885:. Retrieved 4881:the original 4871: 4866:Rose, p. 111 4862: 4857:Rose, p. 110 4853: 4848:Rose, p. 109 4844: 4832:. Retrieved 4827: 4815: 4803:. Retrieved 4790: 4778:. Retrieved 4771:the original 4758: 4746:. Retrieved 4742:the original 4737: 4728: 4716:. Retrieved 4711: 4698: 4686:. Retrieved 4682:the original 4677: 4652:. Retrieved 4648: 4638: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4606:Igler, p. 33 4602: 4593: 4584: 4575: 4566: 4557: 4545:. Retrieved 4540: 4527: 4515:. Retrieved 4508:the original 4503: 4491: 4482: 4473: 4461:. Retrieved 4450: 4441: 4432: 4420:. Retrieved 4416:the original 4405: 4396: 4387: 4378: 4370: 4366: 4357: 4348: 4339: 4330: 4318:. Retrieved 4308: 4296:. Retrieved 4286: 4277: 4265:. Retrieved 4261:the original 4256: 4235: 4226: 4217: 4208: 4196:. Retrieved 4189:the original 4184: 4172: 4160:. Retrieved 4150: 4141: 4132: 4123: 4115: 4111: 4099:. Retrieved 4094: 4085: 4076: 4057: 4051: 4041:December 10, 4039:. Retrieved 4030: 4021: 4012: 3993: 3987: 3978: 3966:. Retrieved 3959:the original 3954: 3941: 3929:. Retrieved 3925:the original 3915: 3903:. Retrieved 3899:the original 3894: 3885: 3873:. Retrieved 3868: 3844:. Retrieved 3819:. Retrieved 3814: 3801: 3789:. Retrieved 3784: 3775: 3763:. Retrieved 3756:the original 3747: 3725:. Retrieved 3720: 3710: 3698:. Retrieved 3693: 3684: 3674:December 30, 3672:. Retrieved 3667: 3636:. Retrieved 3631: 3618: 3604: 3592:. Retrieved 3588:the original 3583: 3556: 3544:. Retrieved 3540:the original 3535: 3526: 3518: 3514: 3502:. Retrieved 3497: 3488: 3476:. Retrieved 3471: 3462: 3443: 3434: 3426:Mono Grammar 3425: 3419: 3410: 3401: 3389:. Retrieved 3376: 3357: 3351: 3339: 3316: 3308: 3273:. Retrieved 3242:. Retrieved 3232: 3189:. Retrieved 3174: 3150:. Retrieved 3135: 3104: 3094: 3084: 3074: 3037: 2954:Kaweah River 2899:Fresno River 2845:Merced River 2725: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2669: 2662:Merced River 2654:distributary 2647: 2622: 2618:Interstate 5 2578: 2554: 2546:alluvial fan 2542:Owens Rivers 2518:Pajaro River 2507: 2484: 2477: 2457: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2423: 2406: 2393: 2385: 2349: 2337: 2313: 2299: 2295: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2243: 2233:algae blooms 2196: 2128:and various 2107: 2091: 2044:Canada geese 2037: 2014:, a type of 2009: 2002: 1981: 1958: 1949: 1926: 1919: 1901: 1872:Madera Canal 1868: 1854:(USACE) and 1839: 1791: 1770: 1732: 1714:Mammoth Pool 1711: 1680: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1626:agribusiness 1618:Henry Miller 1600: 1588: 1568: 1547: 1508: 1487: 1451:mountain man 1444: 1423:June 2, 1949 1262: 1243: 1234: 1229: 1218: 1213: 1210:Interstate 5 1195: 1190:Mount Diablo 1179:Mount Diablo 1172: 1163:Kaweah River 1155: 1151:Sierra Miwok 1140: 1130: 1104: 1075: 1049: 1041:Mesozoic Era 1029: 917: 916: 907:stream gauge 904: 901: 897: 886: 853:head of tide 842: 794: 790:Merced River 751: 696: 691:Mendota Pool 650: 634: 632: 627: 621: 608: 602: 567: 553:Tulare Basin 542: 530: 498:agricultural 434: 432: 414:Merced River 248:Contra Costa 67:, father of 18: 10862:Dodge Ridge 10847:Bear Valley 10842:Badger Pass 10786:San Andreas 10771:Placerville 10756:Nevada City 10691:Angels Camp 10684:Communities 10646:Emerald Bay 10631:D. L. Bliss 10614:State parks 10495:Bright Star 10490:Ansel Adams 10267:Fallen Leaf 10196:San Joaquin 9678:Water Trail 9601:Delta smelt 9399:High Street 9389:Park Street 9364:Golden Gate 9296:Steinberger 9271:Napa Sonoma 9195:Foster City 9180:Albany Bulb 9150:The Sisters 9125:Coast Guard 9085:Yerba Buena 9051:Islands and 8709:Schoolhouse 8704:San Lorenzo 8699:San Leandro 8639:San Joaquin 8618:Mission Bay 8583:Grizzly Bay 8578:Golden Gate 8513:Hydrography 8408:Clear Creek 8305:Shasta Lake 8280:Lake Natoma 8270:Folsom Lake 8247:Trinity Dam 8212:O'Neill Dam 8109:White River 8094:Kings River 8003:Putah Creek 7998:Cache Creek 7986:Middle Fork 7954:Middle Fork 7949:West Branch 7944:East Branch 7929:Butte Creek 7924:Stony Creek 7382:Works cited 7366:. 1951–2009 7333:. 1960–1990 7303:. 1903–1961 7273:. 1896–1959 6070:Modesto Bee 4633:Rose, p. 49 4615:Rose, p. 48 4445:Rose, p. 27 4436:Rose, p. 54 4391:Rose, p. 26 4382:Rose, p. 19 4352:Rose, p. 22 4221:Rose, p. 18 4136:Rose, p. 17 2926:Kings River 2650:Kings River 2644:Tributaries 2630:Bakersfield 2594:Porterville 2550:Kings River 2514:Great Basin 2495:Bakersfield 2460:Tulare Lake 2431:fertilizers 2345:water table 2316:groundwater 2187:brown trout 2146:Snake River 1904:Mendota Dam 1799:oxbow lakes 1783:World War I 1683:Los Angeles 1622:Charles Lux 1592:Centerville 1531:Fresno City 1455:fur trapper 1386: / 1374:121°18′18″W 1362:Coordinates 1258:Los Angeles 1214:Buena Vista 1117:Tulare Lake 774:Kings River 715:Martha Lake 707:Mount Lyell 647:Pedro Fages 388:Tributaries 285: / 273:121°51′04″W 199: / 187:119°10′09″W 75:Native name 10963:Categories 10912:Sugar Bowl 10857:China Peak 10811:Tahoe City 10801:Susanville 10701:Bridgeport 10671:Van Sickle 10585:Owens Peak 10580:Mount Rose 10550:John Krebs 10500:Bucks Lake 10469:Stanislaus 10334:Courtright 10314:Huntington 10186:Chowchilla 10171:Stanislaus 10046:Beckwourth 9783:Williamson 9651:Reber Plan 9576:Marincello 9519:(proposed) 9359:(inactive) 9281:Salt ponds 9053:peninsulas 8909:Watersheds 8859:Reservoirs 8844:Strawberry 8749:San Rafael 8684:Codornices 8644:Sacramento 8563:Suisun Bay 8418:Kern River 8262:Reservoirs 8227:Shasta Dam 8207:Nimbus Dam 8192:Friant Dam 8187:Folsom Dam 8177:Auburn Dam 8119:Kern River 8114:Poso Creek 8104:Tule River 7991:South Fork 7981:North Fork 7969:Bear River 7964:Yuba River 7959:South Fork 7939:North Fork 7909:Deer Creek 7904:Mill Creek 7859:Rivers of 6676:News Media 6509:August 25, 6483:August 25, 6452:Fresno Bee 6425:Fresno Bee 4320:October 7, 3521:, pp.37-38 3116:References 3010:Kern River 2982:Tule River 2688:Discharge 2427:pesticides 2258:salmon run 2171:largemouth 2159:red shiner 2098:tule grass 2021:annual rye 2016:bunchgrass 1880:Kern River 1829:See also: 1503:Kit Carson 1420:Designated 1371:37°47′13″N 1267:Estanislao 1206:Tejón Pass 869:Suisun Bay 838:Sacramento 743:Friant Dam 727:headwaters 711:South Fork 709:, and the 594:Saint Anne 545:inland sea 518:irrigation 512:, and the 506:Suisun Bay 316:Basin size 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