1877:
1880:
1879:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1885:
1882:
1776:
1420:
were large rectangles of rotted manure and straw, moistened weekly with urine, "dung water", and liquid from privies, cesspools and drains, and turned over regularly. The
National Archives published payroll records that account for more than 29,000 people compelled to such labor in the state of Virginia. The South was so desperate for saltpeter for gunpowder that one Alabama official reportedly placed a newspaper ad asking that the contents of chamber pots be saved for collection. In South Carolina, in April 1864, the Confederate government forced 31 enslaved people to work at the Ashley Ferry Nitre Works, outside Charleston.
67:
1790:
1783:
372:
218:
58:
727:
732:
809:
45:
7414:
3941:
1881:
993:
3949:
1435:. Since he was calling for the assistance of rural farming communities, the descriptions and instructions are both simple and explicit. He details the "French Method", along with several variations, as well as a "Swiss method". N.B. Many references have been made to a method using only straw and urine, but there is no such method in this work.
814:
1304:) to remove calcium and magnesium by precipitation of their carbonates from this solution, leaving a solution of purified potassium nitrate, which could then be dried. This was used for the manufacture of gunpowder and explosive devices. The terminology used by al-Rammah indicated the gunpowder he wrote about originated in China.
3728:[And this, despite the multiplicity of scientific opinions, such as that of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, classifying these same additives, known as E249, E250, E251, E252, among the "probable carcinogens", to which the League Against Cancer attributes nearly 4,000 colorectal cancers per year.]
1419:
was set up to encourage local production, including by nitre beds and by providing excrement to government nitraries. On
November 13, 1862, the government advertised in the Charleston Daily Courier for 20 or 30 "able bodied Negro men" to work in the new nitre beds at Ashley Ferry, S.C. The nitre beds
3725:
Et ce, en dépit de la multiplicité des avis scientifiques, comme celui du Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, classant ces mêmes additifs, connus sous le nom de E249, E250, E251, E252, parmi les « cancérogènes probables », auxquels la Ligue contre le cancer attribue près de 4
812:
4050:
3718:
Rabino, Thomas (13 April 2023). "Nitrites et jambons "cancérogènes" : nouvelle victoire en appel de Yuka contre un industriel de la charcuterie" [Nitrites and "carcinogenic" hams: Yuka's new appeal victory against a charcuterie manufacturer].
1672:
crystal structure at room temperature, which transforms to a trigonal system at 128 °C (262 °F). On cooling from 200 °C (392 °F), another trigonal phase forms between 124 °C (255 °F) and 100 °C (212 °F).
1945:. The widespread adoption of nitrate use is more recent and is linked to the development of large-scale meat processing. The use of potassium nitrate has been mostly discontinued because it gives slow and inconsistent results compared with
1376:", during the thirteenth century (and beyond) the only supply of saltpeter across Christian Europe (according to "De Alchimia" in 3 manuscripts of Michael Scot, 1180–1236) was "found in Spain in Aragon in a certain mountain near the sea".
1412:. The nitrates are extracted from soil with water and then purified into saltpeter by adding wood ash. The process was discovered in the early 15th century and was very widely used until the Chilean mineral deposits were found.
1407:
is a similar process used to produce nitrate from excrement. Unlike the leaching-based process of the nitrary, however, one mixes the excrements with soil and waits for soil microbes to convert amino-nitrogen into nitrates by
4046:
2411:
815:
2773:
The
Chinese were certainly acquainted with saltpetre, the essential ingredient of gunpowder. They called it Chinese Snow and employed it early in the Christian era in the manufacture of fireworks and rockets.
4095:
2753:
In either case, there is linguistic evidence of
Chinese origins of the technology: in Damascus, Arabs called the saltpeter used in making gunpowder "Chinese snow," while in Iran it was called "Chinese salt."
2235:, Randle is asked by the nurses to take his medications, but not knowing what they are, he mentions he does not want anyone to "slip me saltpeter". He then proceeds to imitate the motions of masturbation.
1901:. From the most ancient times until the late 1880s, blackpowder provided the explosive power for all the world's firearms. After that time, small arms and large artillery increasingly began to depend on
3872:
2305:
1929:, which is less durable than other forms of protective oxidation, but allows for specific and often beautiful coloration of steel parts, such as screws, pins, and other small parts of firearms.
1470:
to give porosity to a compost pile typically 4 feet (1.2 m) high, 6 feet (1.8 m) wide, and 15 feet (4.6 m) long. The heap was usually under a cover from the rain, kept moist with
707:
2132:
of metals as a medium temperature molten salt bath, usually in combination with sodium nitrite. A similar bath is used to produce a durable blue/black finish typically seen on firearms. Its
4047:"Aqueous corrosion inhibitor Note. This patent cites potassium nitrate as a minor constituent in a complex mix. Since rust is an oxidation product, this statement requires justification"
2346:
of the 1800s, drought-killed corn in manured fields could accumulate saltpeter to the extent that upon opening the stalk for examination it would "fall as a fine powder upon the table".
1323:
in caves. Extraction is accomplished by immersing the guano in water for a day, filtering, and harvesting the crystals in the filtered water. Traditionally, guano was the source used in
1361:". The process involved burial of excrements (human or animal) in a field beside the nitraries, watering them and waiting until leaching allowed saltpeter to migrate to the surface by
1501:. Urine is collected directly, in a sandpit under a stable. The sand itself is dug out and leached for nitrates which are then converted to potassium nitrate using potash, as above.
4091:
813:
4114:
1391:
had no home production), and had to pay "300 pounds gold" to the German captain
Gerrard Honrik for the manual "Instructions for making saltpeter to growe" (the secret of the "
6104:
6331:
5534:
1746:
In the room-temperature structure of potassium nitrate, each potassium ion is surrounded by 6 nitrate ions. In turn, each nitrate ion is surrounded by 6 potassium ions.
5550:
5379:
3694:
6362:
6319:
3911:
1864:
was produced by combining sulfuric acid with nitrates such as saltpeter. In modern times this is reversed: nitrates are produced from nitric acid produced via the
2322:, numerous mentions are made of an advantageous supply of saltpeter from India being a crucial component of British military supremacy in the Napoleonic Wars. In
6149:
5363:
4971:
4924:
3651:
6378:
4936:
3841:
6791:
4778:
1269:(compiled 300BC – 300AD), which mentions using its poisonous smoke as a weapon of war, although its use for propulsion did not appear until medieval times.
6168:
5514:
4733:
4520:
2818:
Science and
Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 4, Spagyrical Discovery and Invention: Apparatus, Theories and Gifts
6500:
3570:
1006:
3173:
6036:
3619:
1798:
Potassium nitrate is moderately soluble in water, but its solubility increases with temperature. The aqueous solution is almost neutral, exhibiting
3814:
3433:
Eli S. Freeman (1957). "The
Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Nitrate and of the Reaction between Potassium Nitrite and Oxygen".
2244:, John Adams asks his wife Abigail to make saltpeter for the Continental Army. She, eventually, is able to do so in exchange for pins for sewing.
2908:
2821:. Vol. 5. Contributors Joseph Needham, Lu Gwei-Djen, Nathan Sivin (illustrated, reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 194.
1529:
after 1915, allowing
Germany to produce nitric acid for the war after being cut off from its supplies of mineral sodium nitrates from Chile (see
837:
4001:
1996:
In April 2023 the French Court of
Appeals of Limoges confirmed that food-watch NGO Yuka was legally legitimate in describing Potassium Nitrate
4419:
3360:
Freney, E. J.; Garvie, L. A. J.; Groy, T. L.; Buseck, P. R. (2009). "Growth and single-crystal refinement of phase-III potassium nitrate, KNO
4077:
3481:
421:
4099:
4224:
2710:
2360:
4125:
3462:
2946:
2741:
2448:
1974:
4005:
2768:
English artillery, 1326–1716: being the history of artillery in this country prior to the formation of the Royal
Regiment of Artillery
4023:
2231:
2215:, and is still rumored to be in institutional food (such as military fare). There is no scientific evidence for such properties. In
1089:, and nitrogen was named after niter. Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as
4073:
3208:
3741:
3555:
1973:; it is also approved for use as a food additive in the United States and Australia and New Zealand (where it is listed under its
155:
6968:
2967:
2254:
4178:
2991:"Environmentally and Economically Feasibility Manufacturing Process of Potassium Nitrate for Small Scale Industries: A Review"
2339:
anime and manga series, the struggle for control over a natural saltpeter source from guano features prominently in the plot.
6934:
4218:
3788:
3417:
2940:
2886:
2859:
2799:
2735:
2704:
2442:
1001:
656:
3774:
776:
7298:
4027:
1579:
An alternative way of producing potassium nitrate without a by-product of ammonia is to combine ammonium nitrate, found in
3919:
5594:
2826:
2092:
2295:
to impersonate a nurse and trick Raoul into consuming saltpeter in a ploy to reduce his sexual appetite for his wife.
1921:. It is also added to cigarettes to maintain an even burn of the tobacco and is used to ensure complete combustion of
4412:
3768:
3641:
3598:
2660:
2532:
386:
1319:
Major natural sources of potassium nitrate were the deposits crystallizing from cave walls and the accumulations of
1696:
1965:(sometimes together with sodium nitrite). In the Shetland Islands (UK) it is used in the curing of mutton to make
1822:
Between 550–790 °C (1,022–1,454 °F), potassium nitrate reaches a temperature-dependent equilibrium with
1013:
7250:
5395:
823:
2816:
7461:
7441:
6962:
5078:
688:
3513:
Binkerd, E. F; Kolari, O. E (1975-01-01). "The history and use of nitrate and nitrite in the curing of meat".
6974:
5212:
5116:
4908:
2185:
975:
3567:
2551:
Lauer, Klaus (1991). "The history of nitrite in human nutrition: A contribution from German cookery books".
2308:", Mr. Burns is seen pouring saltpeter into his chili entry, titled Old Elihu's Yale-Style Saltpeter Chili.
1296:(crude saltpeter mineral) by boiling it with minimal water and using only the hot solution, then the use of
7451:
7329:
5164:
5102:
4405:
3646:
1521:, which used an electric arc to oxidize nitrogen from the air. During World War I the newly industrialized
766:
319:
213:
3615:
175:
7466:
5140:
5128:
4652:
2163:
1475:
1415:
The Confederate side of the American Civil War had a significant shortage of saltpeter. As a result, the
350:
3826:
2730:. Vol. 1 of Greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 365.
788:
5442:
5174:
5047:
1969:, a local delicacy. When used as a food additive in the European Union, the compound is referred to as
1518:
1443:
731:
557:
31:
4384:
3588:
3174:"During the Civil War, the enslaved were given an especially odious job. The pay went to their owners"
3021:
2905:
1953:". Even so, potassium nitrate is still used in some food applications, such as salami, dry-cured ham,
1775:
6927:
6618:
5188:
2519:
2407:
1986:
1910:
702:
Oxidant, harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed on skin. Causes irritation to skin and eye area.
225:
17:
5572:
6879:
5338:
5326:
5019:
4378:
4289:
4271:, Champaign, Illinois: Illinois State Water Survey, Atmospheric Environment Section, pp. 27–28
2932:
Gunpowder: Alchemy, Bombards, and Pyrotechnics: The History of the Explosive that Changed the World
2045:. Recently, the use of potassium nitrate in toothpastes for treating sensitive teeth has increased.
2042:
367:
66:
3091:
A compendious dictionary of the Latin tongue: for the use of public Seminar and private March 2012
1140:
Nitre, or potassium nitrate, because of its early and global use and production, has many names.
726:
6984:
6702:
6678:
6642:
4896:
4860:
4676:
4065:
3023:
2524:
1416:
1339:, or lime saltpetre, was discovered on the walls of stables, from the urine of barnyard animals.
576:
3478:
1989:
classifies processed meat as Group 1 carcinogen (based on epidemiological studies, convincingly
1513:
era, potassium nitrate for black powder and fertilizer was produced on an industrial scale from
7456:
7324:
7245:
6867:
6843:
6750:
6583:
5587:
5302:
5294:
5250:
5238:
5226:
4948:
4872:
4607:
4465:
4150:
3366:
3331:
3278:
1188:
4200:
3896:
3048:
2849:
2725:
2694:
1272:
A purification process for potassium nitrate was outlined in 1270 by the chemist and engineer
44:
7273:
7212:
6831:
6819:
6767:
6666:
6654:
6480:
6436:
6347:
6295:
6216:
6138:
6092:
5902:
5890:
5783:
4999:
4884:
4692:
4660:
4540:
4478:
3459:
3409:
3115:"Microbial Community Structure of Relict Niter-Beds Previously Used for Saltpeter Production"
3093:. Printed for T. Cachorro and W. Davies, by C. Stewart, London, Bell and Bradfute, W. Creech.
2989:
Joshi, Chirag S.; Shukla, Manish R.; Patel, Krunal; Joshi, Jigar S.; Sahu, Omprakash (2014).
2930:
2876:
2381:
2312:
2274:
2265:
using a rudimentary cannon that he constructs using potassium nitrate as a key ingredient of
1938:
1810:
over 50 days. It is insoluble in alcohol and is not poisonous; it can react explosively with
1755:
1212:. It was called "Chinese salt" by the Iranians/Persians or "salt from Chinese salt marshes" (
1143:
As for nitrate, Hebrew and Egyptian words for it had the consonants n-t-r, indicating likely
740:
719:
85:
7202:
4263:
4238:
3994:
2461:
Kolthoff, Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, New York, Interscience Encyclopedia, Inc., 1959.
2430:
1926:
1925:
for cap and ball revolvers. It can also be heated to several hundred degrees to be used for
7417:
7293:
7117:
7004:
6920:
6738:
6714:
6690:
6460:
6126:
6068:
5866:
5347:
4708:
4582:
4447:
4327:
3287:
3126:
2355:
1789:
1782:
1074:
328:
195:
4031:
2727:
The age of wars of religion, 1000–1650: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization
131:
8:
7107:
6855:
6779:
6726:
6429:
6417:
6192:
5948:
5470:
5282:
5031:
4987:
4851:
4766:
4757:
4644:
4624:
4565:
4530:
4512:
4428:
4392:
4115:"Gemasolar, The First Tower Thermosolar Commercial Plant With Molten Salt Storage System"
4066:"The Scientist, the Patent and the Mangoes – Tripling the Mango Yield in the Philippines"
2100:
1546:
900:
121:
4331:
4265:
Identification of factors that aid carbon sequestration in Illinois agricultural systems
3291:
3202:
3130:
1365:. Operators then gathered the resulting powder and transported it to be concentrated by
371:
217:
7436:
7132:
6471:
6402:
5979:
5960:
5937:
5659:
5498:
5314:
5090:
5007:
4916:
4790:
4745:
4724:
4570:
4470:
4460:
4442:
3738:
3149:
3114:
2628:
2595:
2048:
Used historically to treat asthma. Used in some toothpastes to relieve asthma symptoms.
1802:
6.2 at 14 °C (57 °F) for a 10% solution of commercial powder. It is not very
1584:
1432:
1428:
1388:
1384:
963:
7152:
3230:
2400:
780:
7446:
7360:
7355:
6630:
6390:
6080:
6054:
5972:
5925:
5822:
5771:
5759:
5726:
5686:
5646:
5580:
5482:
5454:
5430:
5422:
5270:
4835:
4810:
4632:
4612:
4598:
4590:
4535:
4525:
4491:
4486:
4455:
4351:
4214:
3979:
3890:
3864:
3764:
3594:
3538:
3530:
3526:
3413:
3383:
3303:
3154:
2936:
2882:
2855:
2822:
2795:
2789:
2731:
2700:
2656:
2633:
2615:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2528:
2496:
2488:
2438:
1823:
1807:
1751:
1699:
of calcium carbonate. The difference is attributed to the similarity in size between
1684:
1580:
1455:
1109:
1105:
1029:
959:
920:
894:
614:
3860:
3073:
2961:
784:
7334:
7319:
7047:
7022:
6448:
6046:
6021:
5914:
5854:
5815:
5807:
5741:
5734:
5713:
4504:
4499:
4363:
4335:
4174:
3992:
3975:
3856:
3522:
3442:
3401:
3375:
3340:
3295:
3246:
3144:
3134:
3002:
2623:
2607:
2560:
2480:
2319:
2170:
2151:
1906:
1542:
1463:
1213:
1171:, specifically Indian saltpetre (Chilean saltpetre is sodium nitrate) and later as
1033:
943:
589:
518:
444:
4094:. Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (
3792:
2326:, the French Captain Argenton laments that France needs to scrape its supply from
2154:
systems. Sodium and potassium nitrate salts are stored in a molten state with the
292:
7396:
7391:
7268:
7235:
7192:
7167:
7142:
6957:
6307:
6272:
6204:
6180:
6029:
6003:
5878:
5840:
5693:
5638:
4827:
4819:
4556:
4121:
3758:
3745:
3574:
3485:
3466:
3139:
2912:
2766:
2226:
2178:
2174:
2051:
Used in Thailand as main ingredient in kidney tablets to relieve the symptoms of
2021:
1922:
1865:
1811:
1588:
1526:
1479:
1358:
1348:
1336:
1328:
1297:
1273:
1179:
947:
935:
3942:"Local manufactured drug registration for human (combine) – Zoro kidney tablets"
3815:"The Effect of Potassium Nitrate and Silica Dentifrice in the Surface of Dentin"
3276:
Adiwidjaja, G.; Pohl, D. (2003). "Superstructure of α-phase potassium nitrate".
2282:, gives a rhyming presentation about potassium nitrate for his chemistry class.
7386:
7303:
7225:
7147:
7087:
7032:
6979:
6803:
6606:
6595:
6508:
6280:
6250:
6243:
6161:
5751:
4210:
3995:"The evaluation of non-pyrotechnically generated aerosols as fire suppressants"
3673:
3113:
Narihiro, Takashi; Tamaki, Hideyuki; Akiba, Aya; et al. (11 August 2014).
2901:
2679:
2428:
2376:
2279:
2240:
2222:
2137:
2129:
1990:
1966:
1946:
1676:
1643:
1642:
On industrial scale it is prepared by the double displacement reaction between
1494:
1424:
1423:
Perhaps the most exhaustive discussion of the niter-bed production is the 1862
1228:
1121:
984:
939:
844:
7027:
3757:
Hall, William L; Robarge, Wayne P; Meeting, American Chemical Society (2004).
3379:
3345:
3322:
3299:
3050:
Etudes biographiques pour servir à l'histoire des sciences ...: sér. Chimistes
2611:
1917:" (a popular amateur rocket propellant). It is also used in fireworks such as
1852:
Potassium nitrate has a wide variety of uses, largely as a source of nitrate.
1427:
text. He was writing with the express purpose of increasing production in the
1235:, detailed the production of gunpowder and other useful products from nature.
880:
57:
7430:
7350:
7230:
7177:
7127:
6258:
5678:
4112:
3534:
3022:
John Spencer Bassett; Edwin Mims; William Henry Glasson; et al. (1904).
2619:
2572:
2492:
2258:
2114:
1997:
1522:
1409:
1362:
1255:
1062:
637:
507:
497:
251:
206:
7376:
7197:
7092:
7077:
7012:
5991:
3868:
3695:"Cancer: Carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat"
3387:
3307:
3158:
2637:
2300:
2287:
2192:
2181:, have been found to improve the heat storage capacity in the molten salts.
2155:
2096:
1914:
1669:
1266:
1232:
1221:
620:
4377:
3542:
2580:
2500:
2167:
1497:
describes a process using only urine and not dung, referring to it as the
1244:
836:
7278:
7240:
7187:
7162:
7122:
7112:
7082:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7042:
5619:
3966:
Reichert ET. (1880). "On the physiological action of potassium nitrite".
2306:
El Viaje Misterioso de Nuestro Jomer (The Mysterious Voyage of Our Homer)
2085:
2081:
2067:
2003:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1942:
1861:
1803:
1688:
1617:
1514:
1510:
1380:
1373:
1066:
856:
843:
3446:
1897:
The most famous use of potassium nitrate is probably as the oxidizer in
822:
7288:
7102:
7072:
7067:
7017:
6989:
4339:
2484:
2292:
2199:
2110:
2060:
2038:
2025:
2017:
1918:
1366:
1125:
1101:
1058:
829:
535:
459:
226:
186:
4397:
3007:
2990:
7381:
7283:
6994:
5602:
3739:
Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E-896: N-P-K Fertilizers
2371:
2343:
2266:
2249:
2217:
2212:
2159:
2133:
1898:
1716:
1692:
1530:
1447:
1320:
1308:
1287:
1209:
1129:
1117:
1037:
624:
339:
4044:
3892:
Asthma, presenting an exposition of the nonpassive expiration theory
2136:
quality, water solubility, and low cost make it an ideal short-term
1937:
Potassium nitrate has been a common ingredient of salted meat since
983:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
7401:
7182:
7172:
7037:
4206:
2335:
2056:
2052:
1970:
1890:
1482:
which was then converted to potassium nitrate by filtering through
1301:
1263:
1113:
1086:
1050:
1040:
795:
546:
267:
243:
3207:. Columbia, S.C.: South Carolina Military Department. p. 14.
2680:"Saltpetre | Definition, Uses, & Facts | Britannica"
154:
7220:
7097:
5705:
5604:
4356:
Alan Williams. "The production of saltpeter in the Middle Ages",
2327:
1902:
1700:
1680:
1144:
830:
550:
541:
487:
279:
4239:"10 reasons true Americans should watch '1776' this 4th of July"
4198:
4000:. United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (
7157:
4318:
Barnum, Dennis W. (December 2003). "Some History of Nitrates".
3993:
Adam Chattaway; Robert G. Dunster; Ralf Gall; David J. Spring.
2184:
As a source of potassium ions for exchange with sodium ions in
2000:
as a "cancer risk", and thus rejected an appeal by the French
1483:
1478:
with water after approximately one year, to remove the soluble
1459:
1292:). In this book, al-Rammah describes first the purification of
1043:
166:
2764:
2229:), who tells her that he has been fed saltpeter in prison. In
1620:
with potassium hydroxide. This reaction is highly exothermic.
758:
4358:
2696:
Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud
2365:
2144:
2118:
1958:
1474:, turned often to accelerate the decomposition, then finally
1471:
1467:
1277:
1259:
1078:
303:
144:
2815:
Needham, Joseph; Yu, Ping-Yu (1980). Needham, Joseph (ed.).
1175:
as the chemistry of the compound was more fully understood.
772:
355:
6943:
4072:. United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization (
3500:
Self Consuming Paper Cartridges for the Percussion Revolver
3112:
2429:
B. J. Kosanke; B. Sturman; K. Kosanke; et al. (2004).
2262:
2122:
1913:, but also in combination with other fuels like sugars in "
1324:
754:
477:
258:
1466:
or wood ashes, common earth and organic materials such as
746:
4297:, Manhattan: Kansas State Agricultural College, p. 5
4092:"Filipino scientist garners 2011 Dioscoro L. Umali Award"
3839:
2995:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
929:
914:
4175:"The Straight Dope: Does saltpeter suppress male ardor?"
2787:
6912:
4113:
Juan Ignacio Burgaleta; Santiago Arias; Diego Ramirez.
2966:. New Orleans, LA: Daily Delta Job Office. p. 14.
1799:
1616:
Potassium nitrate can also be produced by neutralizing
1258:
saltpeter manufacturers formed the Nuniya & Labana
4045:
David E. Turcotte; Frances E. Lockwood (May 8, 2001).
3359:
3271:
3269:
3267:
2473:
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica
1208:), a term of uncertain origin that later came to mean
2988:
2963:
Notes on Making Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves
244:
3760:
Environmental Impact of Fertilizer on Soil and Water
2655:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 256.
1383:, Queen of England and Ireland, who was at war with
1193:
750:
3888:
3616:"Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers"
3502:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Northwest Development Co.
3264:
2878:
Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750
2066:Combats high blood pressure and was once used as a
2020:as a source of nitrogen and potassium – two of the
1167:. By the 15th century, Europeans referred to it as
512:400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
4388:. Vol. XXI (9th ed.). 1886. p. 235.
3756:
3479:Inorganic Additives for the Improvement of Tobacco
2959:
2206:
1387:, became unable to import saltpeter (of which the
1231:, published in the 17th century by members of the
3400:
2854:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 318.
1311:deposits were exploited in Chile and California.
7428:
4199:Richard E. Jones & Kristin H. López (2006).
3046:
1687:, whereas room-temperature potassium nitrate is
291:
30:"Saltpeter" redirects here. For other uses, see
4063:
2723:
1889:A demonstration of the oxidation of a piece of
811:
130:
3432:
3275:
3200:
3088:
1949:preparations such as "Prague powder" or pink "
6928:
5588:
4413:
4261:
4151:"How to Make the Ultimate Colored Smoke Bomb"
3512:
3232:Instructions for the Manufacture of Saltpetre
3204:Instructions for the Manufacture of Saltpeter
2906:Potassium Nitrate in Arabic and Latin Sources
2783:
2781:
2211:Potassium nitrate was once thought to induce
2113:removal products. It accelerates the natural
4393:International Chemical Safety Card 018402216
3965:
3071:
2692:
2412:Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2001:
1731:) ions and the fact that the potassium ion (
1203:
3909:
3674:"Standard 1.2.4 – Labelling of ingredients"
3497:
2881:. London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 19.
2771:. Royal Artillery Institution. p. 42.
2361:Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works
2191:As an oxidizer in model rocket fuel called
2117:of the stump by supplying nitrogen for the
2024:for plants. When used by itself, it has an
1541:Potassium nitrate can be made by combining
6935:
6921:
5595:
5581:
4420:
4406:
4021:
3849:Journal of the American Dental Association
3819:Japanese Journal of Conservative Dentistry
3812:
3789:"Sensodyne Toothpaste for Sensitive Teeth"
3671:Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code
3642:"Listing of Food Additives Status Part II"
3320:
3196:
3194:
2928:
2917:History of Science and Technology in Islam
2778:
1032:with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the
370:
216:
194:
4202:Human Reproductive Biology, Third Edition
3840:R. Orchardson & D. G. Gillam (2006).
3763:. American Chemical Society. p. 40.
3469:. Galleries.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-07.
3344:
3148:
3138:
3006:
2851:Ganges: The Many Pasts of an Indian River
2814:
2627:
2437:. Journal of Pyrotechnics. pp. 5–6.
1855:
1116:. It is one of the major constituents of
327:
3912:"'Sensitive' toothpaste may help asthma"
3327:and the α ← γ ← β phase transformations"
2470:
1875:
1817:
1238:
6969:International Salt Co. v. United States
4427:
4350:(Oxford University Press, 2013) 237 pp
3394:
3323:"The crystal structures of γ- and β-KNO
3228:
3191:
2982:
2765:Oliver Frederick Gillilan Hogg (1963).
2674:
2672:
2650:
2593:
2546:
2544:
1980:
1249:
1100:Major uses of potassium nitrate are in
366:
14:
7429:
5628:
5603:Salts and covalent derivatives of the
4317:
4053:from the original on January 27, 2018.
3717:
2512:
2510:
2109:Component (usually about 98%) of some
1909:. Blackpowder remains in use today in
1814:, but it is not explosive on its own.
1282:al-Furusiyya wa al-Manasib al-Harbiyya
502:334 °C (633 °F; 607 K)
207:
6916:
6572:
5576:
4401:
4291:Cattle poisoning by nitrate of potash
3586:
3103:SP Dom Elizabeth vol.xvi 29–30 (1589)
3078:. Artists Press Balham. pp. 50–.
2791:A history of Greek fire and gunpowder
2550:
2368:, a mineral form of potassium nitrate
1806:, absorbing about 0.03% water in 80%
1458:. Niter-beds were prepared by mixing
1327:for the manufacture of gunpowder for
398:Key: FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
174:
7299:List of countries by salt production
4287:
4262:Krug, E.C.; Hollinger, S.E. (2003),
4080:from the original on 25 August 2012.
4028:Alabama Cooperative Extension System
3558:, University of Wisconsin. uwex.edu.
2669:
2541:
2424:
2422:
2420:
1536:
1353:Potassium nitrate was produced in a
1178:The Arabs called it "Chinese snow" (
1077:. It occurs in nature as a mineral,
4049:. United States Patent. 6,228,283.
3321:Nimmo, J. K.; Lucas, B. W. (1976).
3235:. Charles P. Pelham, State Printer.
2874:
2847:
2507:
2008:industry against the organisation.
1587:, easily obtained as a sodium-free
1504:
1217:
1204:
1183:
1085:outside the US). It is a source of
408:Key: FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYAM
282:
266:
24:
4348:Saltpeter: The Mother of Gunpowder
3842:"Managing dentin hypersensitivity"
2970:from the original on July 29, 2013
2225:) propositions Walter Ballantine (
2093:condensed aerosol fire suppression
1932:
1431:to support their needs during the
807:
65:
56:
25:
7478:
4370:
3639:US Food and Drug Administration:
3171:
2788:James Riddick Partington (1999).
2653:Saltpeter:The Mother of Gunpowder
2417:
1957:, and (in some countries) in the
7413:
7412:
4227:from the original on 2016-05-01.
4022:Stan Roark (February 27, 2008).
4011:from the original on 2013-07-29.
3980:10.1097/00000441-188007000-00011
3878:from the original on 2013-07-29.
3813:Enomoto, K; et al. (2003).
3777:from the original on 2018-01-27.
2949:from the original on 2016-05-11.
2713:from the original on 2015-10-17.
2553:Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
2523:(6th ed.). United Kingdom:
2451:from the original on 2016-05-05.
1788:
1781:
1774:
1438:
1124:, potassium nitrate reacts with
991:
730:
725:
43:
7251:Salt and cardiovascular disease
4311:
4281:
4255:
4231:
4192:
4181:from the original on 2007-10-11
4167:
4143:
4106:
4084:
4057:
4038:
4015:
3986:
3959:
3934:
3903:
3882:
3861:10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0321
3833:
3806:
3781:
3750:
3732:
3726:000 cancers colorectaux par an.
3711:
3687:
3665:
3654:from the original on 2011-11-08
3633:
3622:from the original on 2010-10-07
3607:
3587:Brown, Catherine (2011-11-14).
3580:
3561:
3549:
3506:
3491:
3472:
3453:
3426:
3353:
3314:
3239:
3222:
3211:from the original on 2007-10-13
3165:
3106:
3097:
3082:
3065:
3040:
3015:
2953:
2922:
2895:
2868:
2841:
2808:
2758:
2744:from the original on 2014-01-01
2717:
2686:
2596:"The Red Colour of Salted Meat"
2471:Ema, M.; Kanoh, S. (1983). "".
2232:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
2207:In folklore and popular culture
2099:of a fire's flame, it produces
2031:
1489:
987:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
395:InChI=1S/K.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
4362:, 22 (1975), pp. 125–33.
4024:"Stump Removal for Homeowners"
3895:. C.V. Mosby company. p.
3593:. Neil Wilson Publishing Ltd.
3075:Monumenta pulveris pyrii. Repr
2699:. HarperCollins. p. 304.
2644:
2587:
2464:
2455:
2394:
2106:Works as an aluminium cleaner.
2095:systems. When burned with the
1452:Régie des Poudres et Salpêtres
1307:At least as far back as 1845,
689:Occupational safety and health
405:InChI=1/K.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
13:
1:
4352:online review by Robert Tiegs
4320:Journal of Chemical Education
4064:Elizabeth March (June 2008).
3515:Food and Cosmetics Toxicology
2387:
2342:In the farming lore from the
2198:As a constituent in homemade
2186:chemically strengthened glass
2074:
2016:Potassium nitrate is used in
2011:
1663:
1525:(1913) was combined with the
1314:
1262:. Saltpeter finds mention in
976:Potassium nitrate (data page)
530:2439 g/1000 g water (100 °C)
3910:Joe Graedon (May 15, 2010).
3889:Orville Harry Brown (1917).
3825:(2): 240–247. Archived from
3791:. 2008-08-03. Archived from
3647:Food and Drug Administration
3527:10.1016/0015-6264(75)90157-1
3140:10.1371/journal.pone.0104752
3025:The South Atlantic Quarterly
2565:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90037-a
1398:
1342:
1135:
464:101.1032 g/mol
7:
2960:Major George Rains (1861).
2935:. Basic Books. p. 22.
2349:
2164:Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant
1893:in molten potassium nitrate
1871:
1222:
1194:
869:or concentration (LD, LC):
52:
10:
7483:
6574:
3948:. Thailand. Archived from
3613:UK Food Standards Agency:
3053:. V. Masson. pp. 294–
2414:, accessed on 2007-03-09.
2150:Thermal storage medium in
1911:black powder rocket motors
1683:, the most stable form of
1346:
1242:
528:383 g/1000 g water (25 °C)
526:316 g/1000 g water (20 °C)
32:Saltpeter (disambiguation)
29:
7410:
7369:
7343:
7312:
7259:
7211:
7003:
6963:In the American Civil War
6950:
5630:
5612:
5415:
5071:
4964:
4803:
4549:
4435:
3855:(7): 990–8, quiz 1028–9.
3590:A Year In A Scots Kitchen
3406:Chemistry of the Elements
3404:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
3380:10.1107/S0108768109041019
3346:10.1107/S0567740876006894
3300:10.1107/S0108270103025277
3047:Paul-Antoine Cap (1857).
2612:10.1017/S0022172400000097
2520:Oxford English Dictionary
2408:GESTIS Substance Database
2147:trees in the Philippines.
1735:) is larger than sodium (
1695:, a slightly less stable
1668:Potassium nitrate has an
1290:and Ingenious War Devices
1245:Nitre § Availability
1151:, which was Latinised to
981:
974:
969:
906:
887:1901 mg/kg (oral, rabbit)
865:
861:non-flammable (oxidizer)
706:
686:
681:
630:
607:
524:133 g/1000 g water (0 °C)
437:
417:
382:
114:
94:
84:
79:
51:
42:
7269:Salt Industry Commission
6942:
3247:"How Refrigerators Work"
3229:LeConte, Joseph (1862).
2724:Cathal J. Nolan (2006).
1646:and potassium chloride.
1159:. Thence Old French had
1132:generating a red color.
970:Supplementary data page
767:Precautionary statements
492:2.109 g/cm (16 °C)
4385:Encyclopædia Britannica
3201:Joseph LeConte (1862).
3089:Alexander Adam (1805).
3028:. Duke University Press
2525:Oxford University Press
2173:, with the addition of
2143:To induce flowering of
1847:
1766:Potassium coordination
1454:a few years before the
1417:Nitre and Mining Bureau
889:3750 mg/kg (oral, rat)
577:Magnetic susceptibility
3954:Potassium nitrate 60mg
3488:, TobaccoDocuments.org
3460:Amthyst Galleries, Inc
2600:The Journal of Hygiene
2527:. 2007. p. 3804.
2002:
1894:
1856:Nitric acid production
1519:Birkeland–Eyde process
1073:, and is therefore an
818:
603:1.335, 1.5056, 1.5604
70:
61:
7462:Pyrotechnic oxidizers
7442:Inorganic fertilizers
3922:on September 16, 2011
3410:Butterworth-Heinemann
3402:Greenwood, Norman N.
3072:Oscar Gutman (1906).
2875:Roy, Kaushik (2014).
2848:Sen, Sudipta (2019).
2693:Peter Watson (2006).
2651:Spencer, Dan (2013).
2435:Pyrotechnic Chemistry
2382:Potassium perchlorate
2091:Active ingredient of
1888:
1818:Thermal decomposition
1769:Nitrate coordination
1758:of potassium nitrate
1756:coordination geometry
1369:in the boiler plant.
1288:Military Horsemanship
1239:Historical production
817:
69:
60:
7294:Open-pan salt making
7118:Monosodium glutamate
4102:on 30 November 2011.
3498:Kirst, W.J. (1983).
2594:Haldane, J. (1901).
2356:History of gunpowder
1985:Since October 2015,
1981:Possible cancer risk
1679:is isomorphous with
1655:+ KCl → NaCl + KNO
1509:From 1903 until the
1395:" -the nitraries-).
1250:From mineral sources
1075:alkali metal nitrate
800:(fire diamond)
540:slightly soluble in
7452:Potassium compounds
4436:H, (pseudo)halogens
4429:Potassium compounds
4332:2003JChEd..80.1393B
4288:Mayo, N.S. (1895),
3952:on August 8, 2014.
3916:The Chicago Tribune
3447:10.1021/ja01561a015
3367:Acta Crystallogr. B
3332:Acta Crystallogr. B
3292:2003AcCrC..59I.139A
3279:Acta Crystallogr. C
3131:2014PLoSO...9j4752N
2929:Jack Kelly (2005).
2278:, Jenko, played by
2101:potassium carbonate
1759:
1547:potassium hydroxide
1517:produced using the
1163:and Middle English
1120:(black powder). In
519:Solubility in water
39:
7467:E-number additives
7133:Potassium chloride
6985:In Chinese history
4340:10.1021/ed080p1393
4034:on March 23, 2012.
3744:2015-12-24 at the
3676:. 8 September 2011
3573:2008-03-19 at the
3484:2007-11-01 at the
3465:2008-11-04 at the
2911:2008-02-26 at the
2485:10.1254/fpj.81.469
1895:
1749:
1585:potassium chloride
1433:American Civil War
1429:Confederate States
1389:Kingdom of England
1385:Philip II of Spain
1173:nitrate of potash,
1110:rocket propellants
1106:tree stump removal
1014:Infobox references
964:Potassium chloride
907:Related compounds
819:
71:
62:
38:Potassium nitrate
37:
7424:
7423:
7361:Salting the earth
7356:Salt in the Bible
7330:San Francisco Bay
7138:Potassium nitrate
6910:
6909:
6904:
6903:
5570:
5569:
5072:transition metals
4379:"Saltpetre"
4366:, ISSN 0002-6980.
4220:978-0-12-088465-0
4120:(Press Release).
4098:). Archived from
3795:on August 7, 2007
3419:978-0-08-037941-8
3286:(12): i139–i140.
3008:10.56431/p-je383z
2942:978-0-465-03722-3
2888:978-1-7809-3765-6
2861:978-0-300-11916-9
2801:978-0-8018-5954-0
2737:978-0-313-33733-8
2706:978-0-06-093564-1
2444:978-1-889526-15-7
2403:Potassium nitrate
2158:collected by the
1886:
1824:potassium nitrite
1808:relative humidity
1796:
1795:
1752:crystal structure
1750:Room temperature
1685:calcium carbonate
1581:instant ice packs
1537:Modern production
1456:French Revolution
1223:namak shūra chīnī
1192:
1097:outside the US).
1030:chemical compound
1026:Potassium nitrate
1022:Chemical compound
1020:
1019:
960:Potassium sulfate
955:Related compounds
921:Potassium nitrite
895:Safety data sheet
741:Hazard statements
615:Crystal structure
351:CompTox Dashboard
156:Interactive image
106:Nitrate of potash
89:Potassium nitrate
75:
74:
27:Chemical compound
16:(Redirected from
7474:
7416:
7415:
7274:Evaporation pond
7048:Calcium chloride
6937:
6930:
6923:
6914:
6913:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5792:
5723:
5684:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5616:
5615:
5597:
5590:
5583:
5574:
5573:
5222:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5198:
5197:
5184:
5170:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5150:
5149:
5112:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4399:
4398:
4389:
4381:
4364:Maney Publishing
4343:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4296:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4270:
4259:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4130:
4124:. Archived from
4119:
4110:
4104:
4103:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4030:. Archived from
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
3999:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3918:. Archived from
3907:
3901:
3900:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3846:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3754:
3748:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3584:
3578:
3565:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3495:
3489:
3476:
3470:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3435:J. Am. Chem. Soc
3430:
3424:
3423:
3408:(2nd ed.).
3398:
3392:
3391:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3339:(7): 1968–1971.
3318:
3312:
3311:
3273:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3172:Ruane, Michael.
3169:
3163:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2926:
2920:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2785:
2776:
2775:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2631:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2514:
2505:
2504:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2426:
2415:
2398:
2320:Bernard Cornwell
2152:power generation
2007:
1923:paper cartridges
1907:smokeless powder
1887:
1843:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1760:
1748:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1659:
1638:
1612:
1575:
1543:ammonium nitrate
1505:From nitric acid
1300:(in the form of
1225:
1219:
1207:
1206:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1034:chemical formula
1004:
998:
995:
994:
944:Rubidium nitrate
846:
839:
832:
825:
810:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
760:
756:
752:
748:
734:
729:
673:
646:
631:Thermochemistry
590:Refractive index
583:−33.7·10 cm/mol
445:Chemical formula
375:
374:
359:
357:
331:
295:
284:
270:
246:
228:
220:
209:
198:
178:
158:
134:
53:
47:
40:
36:
21:
7482:
7481:
7477:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7471:
7427:
7426:
7425:
7420:
7406:
7397:Ximenes Redoubt
7392:Water softening
7365:
7339:
7308:
7261:
7255:
7236:Salt-cured meat
7207:
7193:Sodium chloride
7168:Salt substitute
7143:River reed salt
6999:
6946:
6941:
6911:
6906:
6905:
6887:
6883:
6875:
6871:
6863:
6859:
6851:
6847:
6839:
6835:
6827:
6823:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6799:
6795:
6787:
6783:
6775:
6771:
6758:
6754:
6746:
6742:
6734:
6730:
6722:
6718:
6710:
6706:
6698:
6694:
6686:
6682:
6674:
6670:
6662:
6658:
6650:
6646:
6638:
6634:
6626:
6622:
6614:
6610:
6605:
6603:
6599:
6591:
6587:
6516:
6512:
6504:
6488:
6484:
6475:
6470:
6468:
6464:
6456:
6452:
6444:
6440:
6435:
6433:
6425:
6421:
6416:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6398:
6394:
6386:
6382:
6374:
6370:
6366:
6355:
6351:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6327:
6323:
6315:
6311:
6303:
6299:
6288:
6284:
6276:
6266:
6262:
6254:
6249:
6247:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6212:
6208:
6200:
6196:
6188:
6184:
6176:
6172:
6167:
6165:
6157:
6153:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6134:
6130:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6100:
6096:
6088:
6084:
6076:
6072:
6062:
6058:
6050:
6035:
6033:
6025:
6011:
6007:
5999:
5995:
5987:
5983:
5978:
5976:
5968:
5964:
5956:
5952:
5947:
5945:
5941:
5933:
5929:
5924:
5922:
5918:
5910:
5906:
5898:
5894:
5886:
5882:
5874:
5870:
5862:
5858:
5848:
5844:
5836:
5821:
5819:
5811:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5775:
5767:
5763:
5755:
5740:
5738:
5730:
5721:
5717:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5701:
5697:
5692:
5690:
5685:
5682:
5677:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5642:
5623:
5608:
5601:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5530:
5526:
5522:
5518:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5478:
5474:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5450:
5446:
5438:
5434:
5426:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5342:
5334:
5330:
5322:
5318:
5310:
5306:
5298:
5290:
5286:
5278:
5274:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5246:
5242:
5234:
5230:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5169:
5165:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5136:
5132:
5124:
5120:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5086:
5082:
5067:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5027:
5023:
5015:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4991:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4944:
4940:
4932:
4928:
4920:
4912:
4904:
4900:
4892:
4888:
4880:
4876:
4868:
4864:
4855:
4847:
4839:
4831:
4823:
4814:
4799:
4794:
4786:
4782:
4774:
4770:
4761:
4753:
4749:
4741:
4737:
4728:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4636:
4628:
4620:
4616:
4602:
4594:
4586:
4578:
4574:
4560:
4545:
4516:
4508:
4495:
4482:
4474:
4451:
4431:
4426:
4376:
4373:
4314:
4309:
4308:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4260:
4256:
4247:
4245:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4221:
4213:. p. 225.
4197:
4193:
4184:
4182:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4159:
4157:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4134:
4132:
4131:on 9 March 2012
4128:
4122:Torresol Energy
4117:
4111:
4107:
4090:
4089:
4085:
4062:
4058:
4043:
4039:
4020:
4016:
4008:
3997:
3991:
3987:
3968:Am. J. Med. Sci
3964:
3960:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3908:
3904:
3887:
3883:
3875:
3844:
3838:
3834:
3811:
3807:
3798:
3796:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3771:
3755:
3751:
3746:Wayback Machine
3737:
3733:
3716:
3712:
3703:
3701:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3679:
3677:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3657:
3655:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3625:
3623:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3601:
3585:
3581:
3575:Wayback Machine
3566:
3562:
3554:
3550:
3511:
3507:
3496:
3492:
3486:Wayback Machine
3477:
3473:
3467:Wayback Machine
3458:
3454:
3431:
3427:
3420:
3412:. p. 407.
3399:
3395:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3326:
3319:
3315:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3254:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3227:
3223:
3214:
3212:
3199:
3192:
3182:
3180:
3178:Washington Post
3170:
3166:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3087:
3083:
3070:
3066:
3056:
3054:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3020:
3016:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2958:
2954:
2943:
2927:
2923:
2913:Wayback Machine
2900:
2896:
2889:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2786:
2779:
2763:
2759:
2747:
2745:
2738:
2722:
2718:
2707:
2691:
2687:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2649:
2645:
2592:
2588:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2516:
2515:
2508:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2445:
2427:
2418:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2352:
2291:, Paul hires a
2227:George C. Scott
2209:
2179:lithium nitrate
2175:calcium nitrate
2077:
2043:sensitive teeth
2034:
2014:
1983:
1935:
1933:Meat processing
1876:
1874:
1866:Ostwald process
1858:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1812:reducing agents
1740:
1739:) and calcium (
1736:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1666:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1589:salt substitute
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1539:
1527:Ostwald process
1507:
1492:
1480:calcium nitrate
1441:
1401:
1374:Montepellusanus
1359:saltpetre works
1351:
1349:Saltpetre works
1345:
1337:Calcium nitrate
1317:
1298:potassium oxide
1274:Hasan al-Rammah
1252:
1247:
1241:
1138:
1122:processed meats
1072:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1036:
1023:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1009: ?)
1000:
996:
992:
988:
962:
956:
948:Caesium nitrate
946:
942:
938:
936:Lithium nitrate
932:
917:
888:
884:
878:
851:
850:
849:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
816:
808:
769:
743:
722:
699:
677:-494.00 kJ/mol
674:
671:
665:
661:
658:
657:Std enthalpy of
647:
640:
617:
600:
598:
580:
566:
544:
529:
527:
525:
521:
453:
447:
433:
430:
425:
424:
413:
410:
409:
406:
400:
399:
396:
390:
389:
378:
360:
353:
334:
314:
298:
285:
273:
252:(preservatives)
238:
201:
181:
161:
148:
137:
124:
110:
109:
90:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7480:
7470:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7422:
7421:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7387:Smelling salts
7384:
7379:
7373:
7371:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7347:
7345:
7341:
7340:
7338:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7316:
7314:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7306:
7304:Salt tectonics
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7265:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7253:
7248:
7246:Health effects
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7217:
7215:
7209:
7208:
7206:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7148:Sodium nitrate
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7108:Korean brining
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7009:
7007:
7001:
7000:
6998:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6980:Old Salt Route
6977:
6972:
6965:
6960:
6954:
6952:
6948:
6947:
6940:
6939:
6932:
6925:
6917:
6908:
6907:
6902:
6901:
6898:
6895:
6892:
6889:
6885:
6881:
6877:
6873:
6869:
6865:
6861:
6857:
6853:
6849:
6845:
6841:
6837:
6833:
6829:
6825:
6821:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6765:
6761:
6760:
6756:
6752:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6732:
6728:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6712:
6708:
6704:
6700:
6696:
6692:
6688:
6684:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6648:
6644:
6640:
6636:
6632:
6628:
6624:
6620:
6616:
6612:
6608:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6589:
6585:
6581:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6536:
6533:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6521:
6518:
6514:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6497:
6496:
6493:
6490:
6486:
6482:
6478:
6473:
6466:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6446:
6442:
6438:
6431:
6427:
6423:
6419:
6412:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6333:
6329:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6297:
6293:
6290:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6274:
6269:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6222:
6218:
6214:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6198:
6194:
6190:
6186:
6182:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6163:
6159:
6155:
6151:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6064:
6060:
6056:
6052:
6048:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5920:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5904:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5834:
5829:
5828:
5825:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5785:
5777:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5748:
5747:
5744:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5719:
5715:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5688:
5680:
5675:
5661:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5614:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5600:
5599:
5592:
5585:
5577:
5568:
5567:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5532:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5419:
5417:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5340:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5219:
5215:
5210:
5203:
5194:
5186:
5181:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5155:
5146:
5138:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5109:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4563:
4558:
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4402:
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4372:
4371:External links
4369:
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4367:
4354:
4346:David Cressy.
4344:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4280:
4254:
4230:
4219:
4211:Academic Press
4191:
4177:. 1989-06-16.
4166:
4142:
4105:
4083:
4056:
4037:
4014:
3985:
3958:
3946:fda.moph.go.th
3933:
3902:
3881:
3832:
3829:on 2010-01-11.
3805:
3780:
3769:
3749:
3731:
3710:
3686:
3664:
3632:
3606:
3599:
3579:
3577:, Food Network
3560:
3556:"Meat Science"
3548:
3521:(6): 655–661.
3505:
3490:
3471:
3452:
3441:(4): 838–842.
3425:
3418:
3393:
3374:(6): 659–663.
3361:
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3324:
3313:
3263:
3238:
3221:
3190:
3164:
3125:(8): e104752.
3105:
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3014:
2981:
2952:
2941:
2921:
2902:Ahmad Y Hassan
2894:
2887:
2867:
2860:
2840:
2828:978-0521085731
2827:
2807:
2800:
2777:
2757:
2736:
2716:
2705:
2685:
2668:
2661:
2643:
2606:(1): 115–122.
2586:
2559:(3): 261–264.
2540:
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2506:
2479:(6): 469–480.
2463:
2454:
2443:
2416:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2377:Nitrocellulose
2374:
2369:
2363:
2358:
2351:
2348:
2324:Sharpe's Havoc
2280:Channing Tatum
2275:21 Jump Street
2223:Joanna Cassidy
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2148:
2141:
2138:rust inhibitor
2130:heat treatment
2126:
2121:attacking the
2107:
2104:
2089:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2049:
2046:
2033:
2030:
2022:macronutrients
2013:
2010:
1982:
1979:
1967:reestit mutton
1947:sodium nitrite
1934:
1931:
1873:
1870:
1860:Historically,
1857:
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1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1819:
1816:
1794:
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1779:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1677:Sodium nitrate
1665:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1644:sodium nitrate
1640:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1614:
1613:
1609:
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1597:
1577:
1576:
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1495:Joseph LeConte
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1400:
1397:
1344:
1341:
1316:
1313:
1251:
1248:
1240:
1237:
1229:Tiangong Kaiwu
1137:
1134:
1070:
1063:potassium ions
1049:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1012:
990:
989:
985:standard state
982:
979:
978:
972:
971:
967:
966:
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954:
951:
950:
940:Sodium nitrate
933:
927:
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744:
739:
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723:
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700:
697:
694:
693:
684:
683:
679:
678:
675:
669:
663:
655:
652:
651:
650:95.06 J/mol K
648:
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97:
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81:
77:
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63:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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7457:Preservatives
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7370:Miscellaneous
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7351:Grain of salt
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4070:WIPO Magazine
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3770:9780841238114
3766:
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3723:(in French).
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2157:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2125:of the stump.
2124:
2120:
2116:
2115:decomposition
2112:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2097:free radicals
2094:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:Used in some
2036:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2009:
2006:
2005:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1961:used to make
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1853:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1718:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1523:Haber process
1520:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1439:French method
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1410:nitrification
1406:
1396:
1394:
1393:Feuerwerkbuch
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:efflorescence
1360:
1356:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1256:Mauryan India
1246:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1218:نمک شوره چينی
1215:
1211:
1201:
1198:) as well as
1196:
1190:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1147:in the Greek
1146:
1141:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1015:
1008:
1003:
986:
980:
977:
973:
968:
965:
961:
958:
953:
952:
949:
945:
941:
937:
934:
931:
926:
925:
922:
919:
916:
911:
910:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
892:
886:
882:
873:
872:
868:
864:
860:
858:
855:
854:
847:
840:
833:
826:
802:
799:
798:
794:
793:
771:
768:
764:
763:
745:
742:
738:
737:
733:
728:
724:
721:
717:
716:
712:
710:
705:
701:
696:
695:
691:
690:
685:
680:
676:
668:
660:
654:
653:
649:
644:
639:
638:Heat capacity
635:
634:
629:
626:
622:
619:
616:
612:
611:
606:
602:
595:
591:
587:
586:
582:
578:
574:
573:
569:
563:
559:
556:
555:
552:
548:
543:
539:
537:
534:
533:
523:
520:
516:
515:
511:
509:
508:Boiling point
506:
505:
501:
499:
498:Melting point
496:
495:
491:
489:
486:
485:
481:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
467:
463:
461:
458:
457:
449:
446:
442:
441:
436:
427:
426:
423:
416:
402:
392:
391:
388:
381:
373:
369:
368:DTXSID4029692
365:
364:
362:
352:
348:
347:
343:
341:
338:
337:
330:
326:
325:
323:
321:
318:
317:
310:
309:
307:
305:
302:
301:
294:
290:
289:
287:
281:
277:
276:
269:
265:
264:
262:
260:
257:
256:
253:
249:
247:
242:
241:
234:
233:
231:
229:
224:
223:
219:
215:
212:
210:
208:ECHA InfoCard
205:
204:
197:
193:
192:
190:
188:
185:
184:
177:
176:ChEMBL1644029
173:
172:
170:
168:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
150:
146:
141:
140:
133:
129:
128:
126:
123:
119:
118:
113:
105:
102:
99:
98:
93:
87:
83:
78:
68:
64:
59:
55:
54:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
7377:Mineral lick
7262:and industry
7137:
7078:Fleur de sel
6967:
5832:
4843:
4383:
4357:
4347:
4326:(12): 1393.
4323:
4319:
4312:Bibliography
4299:, retrieved
4290:
4283:
4273:, retrieved
4264:
4257:
4246:. Retrieved
4242:
4233:
4201:
4194:
4183:. Retrieved
4169:
4158:. Retrieved
4154:
4145:
4133:. Retrieved
4126:the original
4108:
4100:the original
4086:
4069:
4059:
4040:
4032:the original
4017:
3988:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3953:
3950:the original
3945:
3936:
3924:. Retrieved
3920:the original
3915:
3905:
3891:
3884:
3852:
3848:
3835:
3827:the original
3822:
3818:
3808:
3797:. Retrieved
3793:the original
3783:
3759:
3752:
3734:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3702:. Retrieved
3698:
3689:
3678:. Retrieved
3667:
3656:. Retrieved
3645:
3635:
3624:. Retrieved
3609:
3589:
3582:
3563:
3551:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3499:
3493:
3474:
3455:
3438:
3434:
3428:
3405:
3396:
3371:
3365:
3355:
3336:
3330:
3316:
3283:
3277:
3255:. Retrieved
3253:. 2006-11-29
3250:
3241:
3231:
3224:
3213:. Retrieved
3203:
3181:. Retrieved
3177:
3167:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3084:
3074:
3067:
3055:. Retrieved
3049:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3024:
3017:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2962:
2955:
2931:
2924:
2916:
2897:
2877:
2870:
2850:
2843:
2832:. Retrieved
2817:
2810:
2790:
2772:
2767:
2760:
2752:
2746:. Retrieved
2726:
2719:
2695:
2688:
2652:
2646:
2603:
2599:
2589:
2556:
2552:
2517:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2457:
2434:
2402:
2396:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2323:
2316:novel series
2313:
2310:
2301:The Simpsons
2299:
2297:
2288:Eating Raoul
2286:
2284:
2273:
2271:
2259:Captain Kirk
2248:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2230:
2216:
2210:
2193:Rocket candy
2156:solar energy
2032:Pharmacology
2028:of 13-0-44.
2015:
1998:E249 to E252
1995:
1993:to humans).
1991:carcinogenic
1984:
1936:
1927:niter bluing
1915:rocket candy
1896:
1859:
1851:
1821:
1797:
1745:
1675:
1670:orthorhombic
1667:
1641:
1615:
1604:+ KCl → NH
1578:
1562:+ KOH → NH
1540:
1508:
1499:Swiss method
1498:
1493:
1490:Swiss method
1462:with either
1451:
1450:created the
1442:
1422:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1392:
1378:
1371:
1354:
1352:
1335:
1329:
1318:
1306:
1293:
1286:The Book of
1285:
1281:
1280:in his book
1271:
1267:Arthashastra
1253:
1233:Qing dynasty
1220:
1199:
1195:thalj al-ṣīn
1177:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1067:nitrate ions
1057:. It is an
1025:
1024:
866:
796:
708:
698:Main hazards
687:
666:
642:
621:Orthorhombic
593:
561:
472:white solid
304:RTECS number
115:Identifiers
95:Other names
7335:In Pakistan
7320:In Cheshire
7279:Salt mining
7241:Salted fish
7163:Salammoniac
7123:Moshio salt
7028:Asín tibuok
3974:: 158–180.
3699:www.who.int
3568:Corned Beef
3057:23 February
3032:22 February
2200:smoke bombs
2086:salt bridge
2082:electrolyte
2080:Used as an
2068:hypotensive
2039:toothpastes
2018:fertilizers
2004:charcuterie
1963:corned beef
1955:charcuterie
1951:curing salt
1943:Middle Ages
1919:smoke bombs
1899:blackpowder
1862:nitric acid
1804:hygroscopic
1689:isomorphous
1618:nitric acid
1515:nitric acid
1511:World War I
1381:Elizabeth I
1102:fertilizers
881:median dose
867:Lethal dose
857:Flash point
692:(OHS/OSH):
545:soluble in
469:Appearance
438:Properties
214:100.028.926
7431:Categories
7289:Sink works
7213:Food usage
7103:Kala namak
7038:Black lava
6990:Salt March
4965:B, C group
4804:pnictogens
4550:chalcogens
4301:2022-03-13
4275:2022-03-13
4248:2019-08-01
4185:2007-10-19
4160:2023-10-18
3799:2008-08-03
3704:2023-12-29
3680:2011-10-27
3658:2011-10-27
3626:2011-10-27
3257:2018-11-02
3215:2007-10-19
2834:2014-11-21
2748:2011-11-28
2401:Record of
2388:References
2293:dominatrix
2261:injures a
2160:heliostats
2111:tree stump
2075:Other uses
2061:urethritis
2026:NPK rating
2012:Fertilizer
1975:INS number
1763:Unit cell
1664:Properties
1367:ebullition
1347:See also:
1315:From caves
1302:wood ashes
1264:Kautilya's
1243:See also:
1126:hemoglobin
1059:ionic salt
720:Pictograms
608:Structure
536:Solubility
460:Molar mass
329:RU45X2JN0Z
187:ChemSpider
143:3D model (
122:CAS Number
86:IUPAC name
7437:Gunpowder
7382:Road salt
7313:By region
7284:Salt well
7088:Himalayan
6995:Salt road
4155:ThoughtCo
3535:0015-6264
3001:: 88–99.
2620:0022-1724
2573:0895-4356
2493:0015-5691
2372:Nitratine
2344:Corn Belt
2304:episode "
2267:gunpowder
2253:episode "
2250:Star Trek
2218:Bank Shot
2213:impotence
2134:oxidizing
1939:antiquity
1717:carbonate
1697:polymorph
1693:aragonite
1625:KOH + HNO
1531:nitratite
1448:Lavoisier
1405:nitre bed
1399:Nitre bed
1379:In 1561,
1372:Besides "
1343:Nitraries
1333:rockets.
1321:bat guano
1309:nitratite
1210:gunpowder
1189:romanized
1184:ثلج الصين
1169:saltpetre
1145:cognation
1136:Etymology
1130:myoglobin
1118:gunpowder
1114:fireworks
1095:saltpetre
1091:saltpeter
901:ICSC 0184
711:labelling
659:formation
625:Aragonite
482:odorless
340:UN number
311:TT3700000
235:231-818-8
227:EC Number
132:7757-79-1
103:Saltpetre
100:Saltpeter
18:Saltpetre
7447:Nitrates
7418:Category
7325:In Ghana
7260:Commerce
7183:Sel gris
7178:Seasoned
7173:Sea salt
7128:Pickling
7023:Alberger
4225:Archived
4207:Elsevier
4179:Archived
4078:Archived
4051:Archived
4006:Archived
3926:June 18,
3873:Archived
3869:16803826
3775:Archived
3742:Archived
3721:Marianne
3652:Archived
3620:Archived
3571:Archived
3482:Archived
3463:Archived
3388:19923693
3308:14671340
3209:Archived
3159:25111392
3119:PLOS ONE
2968:Archived
2947:Archived
2909:Archived
2742:Archived
2711:Archived
2638:20474105
2518:Shorter
2449:Archived
2350:See also
2336:Dr Stone
2328:cesspits
2057:pyelitis
2053:cystitis
1891:charcoal
1872:Oxidizer
1835:⇌ 2 KNO
1743:) ions.
1608:Cl + KNO
1330:Bang Fai
1087:nitrogen
797:NFPA 704
682:Hazards
579:(χ)
558:Basicity
547:glycerol
245:E number
7344:Culture
7226:Salting
7221:Brining
7198:Truffle
7098:Jugyeom
7093:Iodised
7033:Bittern
6958:History
6951:History
6575:
5605:nitrate
5416:organic
4328:Bibcode
4135:7 March
3543:1107192
3288:Bibcode
3183:10 July
3150:4128746
3127:Bibcode
2629:2235964
2581:1999685
2501:6618340
2410:of the
2406:in the
2333:In the
2311:In the
2247:In the
2168:Ternary
2162:at the
1941:or the
1903:cordite
1701:nitrate
1681:calcite
1476:leached
1425:LeConte
1355:nitrary
1227:). The
1214:Persian
1191::
1157:nitrium
1007:what is
1005: (
930:cations
551:ammonia
542:ethanol
488:Density
454:
280:PubChem
7203:Túltul
7188:Smoked
7113:Kosher
7083:Garlic
7063:Cyclic
7058:Curing
7053:Celery
7043:Butter
7013:Abraum
6792:PaO(NO
6472:BiO(NO
6320:TaO(NO
6093:NbO(NO
5243:Fe(CN)
5231:Fe(CN)
5095:Pt(CN)
4243:EW.com
4217:
4096:SEARCA
3867:
3767:
3597:
3541:
3533:
3416:
3386:
3306:
3157:
3147:
2939:
2885:
2858:
2825:
2798:
2734:
2703:
2659:
2636:
2626:
2618:
2579:
2571:
2531:
2499:
2491:
2441:
2314:Sharpe
2221:, El (
1977:252).
1715:) and
1629:→ KNO
1583:, and
1484:potash
1464:mortar
1460:manure
1444:Turgot
1180:Arabic
1153:nitrum
1149:nitron
1065:K and
1002:verify
999:
928:Other
915:anions
913:Other
897:(SDS)
422:SMILES
268:D02051
167:ChEMBL
80:Names
7153:Onion
7073:Flake
7068:Dairy
7018:Alaea
7005:Types
6880:Cf(NO
6868:Bk(NO
6856:Cm(NO
6844:Am(NO
6832:Pu(NO
6820:Np(NO
6780:Th(NO
6768:Ac(NO
6751:Yb(NO
6739:Tm(NO
6727:Er(NO
6715:Ho(NO
6703:Dy(NO
6691:Tb(NO
6679:Gd(NO
6667:Eu(NO
6655:Sm(NO
6643:Pm(NO
6631:Nd(NO
6619:Pr(NO
6607:Ce(NO
6596:Ce(NO
6584:La(NO
6509:Ra(NO
6481:Po(NO
6461:Bi(NO
6449:Pb(NO
6437:Tl(NO
6418:Hg(NO
6391:Au(NO
6379:Pt(NO
6308:Hf(NO
6296:Lu(NO
6281:Ba(NO
6259:Xe(NO
6205:Sn(NO
6193:In(NO
6181:Cd(NO
6169:Ag(NO
6150:Pd(NO
6139:Pd(NO
6127:Rh(NO
6081:Zr(NO
6055:Sr(NO
6004:Ga(NO
5992:Zn(NO
5980:Cu(NO
5961:Ni(NO
5949:Co(NO
5938:Co(NO
5926:Fe(NO
5915:Fe(NO
5903:Mn(NO
5891:Cr(NO
5879:VO(NO
5867:Ti(NO
5855:Sc(NO
5841:Ca(NO
5816:ClONO
5784:Al(NO
5772:Al(NO
5760:Mg(NO
5727:HOONO
5647:Be(NO
4359:Ambix
4295:(PDF)
4269:(PDF)
4129:(PDF)
4118:(PDF)
4009:(PDF)
3998:(PDF)
3876:(PDF)
3845:(PDF)
2366:Niter
2255:Arena
2171:salts
2145:mango
2119:fungi
2084:in a
1959:brine
1831:2 KNO
1691:with
1566:+ KNO
1472:urine
1468:straw
1294:barud
1278:Syria
1260:caste
1205:بارود
1200:bārūd
1165:nitre
1161:niter
1083:nitre
1079:niter
1028:is a
570:15.3
429:.()=O
387:InChI
344:1486
293:24434
250:E252
196:22843
145:JSmol
7158:Rock
6944:Salt
6501:FrNO
6430:TlNO
6367:O(NO
6273:CsNO
6225:(OH)
6162:AgNO
6069:Y(NO
6047:RbNO
6030:BrNO
6022:+SeO
5973:CuNO
5752:NaNO
5679:RONO
5660:B(NO
5639:LiNO
5423:KHCO
5339:KCrO
5295:KMnO
5255:Fe(C
5180:ReBr
5166:KAsF
5133:ReCl
5121:PtCl
5083:PtCl
5000:KHCO
4941:HAsO
4917:KAsO
4653:KHSO
4645:KHSO
4625:KHSO
4541:KSCN
4536:KOCN
4531:KCNO
4492:KBrO
4479:KClO
4471:KClO
4466:KClO
4215:ISBN
4137:2012
4074:WIPO
4002:NIST
3928:2012
3865:PMID
3765:ISBN
3595:ISBN
3539:PMID
3531:ISSN
3414:ISBN
3384:PMID
3304:PMID
3185:2020
3155:PMID
3059:2013
3034:2013
2976:2012
2937:ISBN
2883:ISBN
2856:ISBN
2823:ISBN
2796:ISBN
2732:ISBN
2701:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2634:PMID
2616:ISSN
2577:PMID
2569:ISSN
2529:ISBN
2497:PMID
2489:ISSN
2439:ISBN
2263:gorn
2241:1776
2123:wood
2059:and
2041:for
1971:E252
1905:, a
1848:Uses
1754:and
1651:NaNO
1545:and
1446:and
1357:or "
1325:Laos
1128:and
1112:and
1093:(or
1081:(or
789:P280
785:P221
781:P220
777:P210
773:P102
759:H335
755:H319
751:H315
747:H272
478:Odor
320:UNII
259:KEGG
7402:Tax
6900:No
6897:Md
6894:Fm
6891:Es
6808:(NO
6764:**
6568:Og
6565:Ts
6562:Lv
6559:Mc
6556:Fl
6553:Nh
6550:Cn
6547:Rg
6544:Ds
6541:Mt
6538:Hs
6535:Bh
6532:Sg
6529:Db
6526:Rf
6523:Lr
6520:**
6495:Rn
6492:At
6407:(NO
6359:Os
6348:ReO
6336:(NO
6251:+IO
6244:INO
6240:Te
6229:(NO
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