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330:" when the Cossacks entered Pinsk; upon seeing them, he believed his death to be imminent and thus "fell upon his knees, raised his eyes and his hands exclaimed, 'Lord, thy will be done!'". He was then captured and stripped of his habit, tied to a tree, and had a crown placed on his head, after which he was scourged, burnt with torches, and had an eye torn out; a sword was used to carve shapes resembling a
903:
56:
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653:; but this is apparently a mistake, both since Gallagher (1953) describes his own role as a diplomatic courier with the relics, and McNamara (2005), p. 45, mentions that Walsh stayed behind in Moscow after Gallagher's departure, and only left Moscow on 16 November 1923, and arrived in Rome on 3 December. The author of the book explicitly says
389:
Commissariat for Health. In
January 1923, he was examined by a special commission and an act was drawn up, according to which the corpse of Andrew Bobola is a naturally mummified corpse, which is in the stage of slow decomposition. The results of the examinations were published in 1924 in the journal
342:
A second account states that the
Cossacks first tried to make Bobola renounce his religion; when he refused, he was stripped, tied to a hedge, and whipped. A crown of twigs was mockingly placed on his head and he was then dragged to a butcher's shop where, after continued refusals to renounce his
388:
On 23 June 1922, the coffin with the relics of Andrew Bobola was opened in
Polotsk and an examination was carried out. In December 1922, the coffin with the corpse of Andrew Bobola was delivered to Moscow and placed in the hall of the Popular Exhibition on Health Protection of the People's
343:
faith, the skin was torn off his chest and back and holes were cut into his palms. Bobola was subjected to further tortures for two hours before having an awl driven into his heart, being strung up by his feet, and being killed with a sabre just as a Polish rescue party entered Janów.
360:
346:
A third account states that Bobola was seized and severely beaten by two
Cossacks who then tied him to their saddles in order to take him to Janów; there, he was subjected to tortures including burning, strangulation, and flaying, before finally being killed with a
338:
into his head and his back respectively. The
Cossacks also removed the skin from his fingers and forcibly inserted needles under his fingernails. Bobola continuously prayed for his torturers until his tongue was torn out and his head crushed, thereby killing
368:
Bobola's body was originally buried in the Jesuit church in Pinsk. It was later moved to their church in
Polotsk. By the beginning of the 18th century, however, nobody knew where Bobola's body was buried. In 1701 Father Martin Godebski, S.J., the
351:
In contrast to the above, a
Russian examination of Bobola's corpse in January 1923 found no traces of gross mechanical violence on the surviving parts of the corpse that could establish cause of death.
693:
This book uses as one of its sources L. J. Gallagher's article, "How we rescued the Relics of
Blessed Andrew Bobola" (1924), which unfortunately was not available to this contributor.
390:
411:, with the task of locating and "rescuing" them. In October 1923—as a kind of "pay" for help during famine—the remains were released to Walsh and his assistant director, Father
551:
395:. Later described by an American journalist as a "remarkably well-preserved mummy", to the Museum of Hygiene of People's Commissioners of Health in
1491:
322:
Several descriptions of Bobola's death exist, with these invariably involving him being subjected to a variety of tortures before being killed:
636:
1721:
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in 1622, after which he served for several years as an advisor, preacher, superior of a Jesuit residence, and other jobs in various places.
1711:
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of the Pinsk
College, reputedly had a vision of Bobola. This caused him to order a search for the body. It was reportedly found completely
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was originally celebrated by the
Jesuits on 23 May, but it is now generally celebrated on 16 May. In 2002, the
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From 1652 Bobola also worked as a country "missionary", in various locations of Lithuania: these included
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The altar with the relics of the arm of Andrew Bobola in the church of Il Gesù in Rome.
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History of the Society of Jesus From Its Foundations to the Present Time (Volume II)
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621:Акты о вскрытии так называемых мощей католического святого Андрея Боболи. Протокол
399:. The whereabouts of the remains were not known to the Catholic authorities, and
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article says that Walsh personally transported the Holy Relics from Moscow to
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charged the Papal Famine Relief Mission in Russia, headed by American
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423:(1 November) 1923. In May 1924, the relics were installed in Rome's
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544: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
416:
415:, S.J. Well-packed by the two Jesuits, they were delivered to the
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Andrzej Bobola memorial church in Janów Poleski, 19th-century image
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589:"Who is St. Andrew Bobola? - St. Andrew Bobola Parish, Dudley, MA"
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Since 19 June 1938 the body has been venerated at a shrine in
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Saints of the Society of Jesus: With a sketch of the Society
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One account states that Bobola "had just offered up the
277:, the other part of the Commonwealth. He subsequently
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295:, where he was probably stationed in 1655, and also
249:Bobola was born in 1591 into a noble family in the
761:Andrew Bobola – Saint of the Roman Catholic Church
560:. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1648:
1492:International Association of Jesuit Universities
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684:(in Polish). pp. 250–253. Archived from
657:that Gallagher was entrusted with that task.)
766:St. Andrew Bobola Polish RC Church in London
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27:Polish Catholic priest and saint (1591–1657)
710:"Andrzej Bobola, patron of unity and peace"
427:, the main church of the Society of Jesus.
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832:Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola
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1485:List of Jesuit educational institutions
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885:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
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221:; 1591 – 16 May 1657) was a Polish
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1682:Polish Roman Catholic missionaries
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1738:
1722:Burials at the Church of the Gesù
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554:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
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261:, then a constituent part of the
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1478:Jesuit missions in North America
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577:. John P. Walsh. pp. 12–13.
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109:, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1702:Martyred Roman Catholic priests
1450:Pontifical Gregorian University
445:on 30 October 1853, Bobola was
170:Shrine of Saint Andrew Bobola,
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708:Dziemska, Anna (28 May 2017).
581:
564:
516:. William H. Sadlier. p.
510:Merrick, David Andrew (1891).
503:
303:). On 16 May 1657, during the
263:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
259:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
237:. He was canonized in 1938 by
90:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
86:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
13:
1:
1707:17th-century Christian saints
1672:People from Sandomierz County
1499:Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm
1464:Pontifical Oriental Institute
1457:Pontifical Biblical Institute
859:Regimini militantis Ecclesiae
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459:Bishops' Conference of Poland
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1697:17th-century Polish nobility
1692:Polish Roman Catholic saints
1089:Roque González de Santa Cruz
673:Błagosławiony Andrzej Bobola
571:Daurignac, J. M. S. (1865).
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1677:17th-century Polish Jesuits
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736:"Jesuit Liturgcal Calendar"
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10:
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1535:Saint-Pierre de Montmartre
1402:List of Jesuit theologians
1367:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
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265:. In 1611 he entered the
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1033:Claude de la Colombière
491:List of Catholic saints
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1578:Catholicism portal
841:Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
817:Protestant Reformation
738:. The Jesuit Institute
645:. 25 April 1938. (The
593:www.standrewbobola.com
550:Rudge, F. M. (1907). "
453:on 17 April 1938. His
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1471:Jesuit China missions
678:Blessed Andrew Bobola
670:Jan Popłatek (1936).
557:Catholic Encyclopedia
392:Revolution and Church
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1436:General Congregation
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235:Khmelnytsky Uprising
1250:Alphonsus Rodriguez
1187:Lèon-Ignance Mangin
1138:Francis de Geronimo
1110:Melchior Grodziecki
824:Counter-Reformation
311:, Belarus), by the
253:in the Province of
251:Sandomir Palatinate
18:Saint Andrew Bobola
1517:Church of the Gesù
1243:John Francis Regis
1236:Bernardino Realino
1131:Ignatius of Loyola
716:. Society of Jesus
637:"Religion: Saints"
461:declared Bobola a
425:Church of the Gesù
413:Louis J. Gallagher
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317:Bohdan Chmielnicki
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1585:
1542:Claudio Acquaviva
1222:Joseph Pignatelli
1159:Stanislaus Kostka
1096:John Soan de Goto
1012:Juan del Castillo
942:Robert Bellarmine
935:Edmund Arrowsmith
714:Jesuits in Europe
691:on 31 March 2010.
599:on 4 January 2017
552:St. Andrew Bobola
204:
203:
129:30 October 1853,
118:Roman Catholicism
114:Venerated in
78:Sandomir Palatine
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409:Edmund A. Walsh
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150:17 April 1938,
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463:patron saint
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152:Vatican City
139:Pope Pius IX
135:Papal States
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1667:1657 deaths
1662:1591 births
1629:Catholicism
1360:Karl Rahner
1201:Henry Morse
1180:David Lewis
1152:James Kisai
1103:René Goupil
1061:Peter Faber
655:in his blog
465:of Poland.
282:solemn vows
100:16 May 1657
74:Strachocina
1651:Categories
1420:Bollandist
1124:Rémy Isoré
497:References
356:Veneration
223:missionary
1617:Biography
1194:Paul Miki
1047:Paul Denn
603:21 August
455:feast day
447:canonized
437:Declared
375:incorrupt
279:professed
193:Patronage
146:Canonized
125:Beatified
1564:Category
1323:Theology
469:See also
417:Holy See
336:chasuble
313:Cossacks
286:ordained
284:and was
197:Poland;
1591:Portals
1509:Related
1412:General
1312:Francis
809:History
802:Jesuits
548::
439:blessed
407:Father
332:tonsure
309:Ivanava
301:Belarus
293:Polotsk
271:Vilnius
257:of the
229:of the
1641:Poland
1605:Saints
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912:Saints
742:14 May
720:14 May
680:]
432:Warsaw
405:Jesuit
397:Moscow
371:rector
347:sabre.
334:and a
227:martyr
215:Polish
187:16 May
176:Poland
172:Warsaw
165:shrine
163:Major
1303:Popes
850:Magis
689:(PDF)
682:(PDF)
676:[
297:Pinsk
183:Feast
103:Janów
37:Saint
744:2018
722:2018
651:Rome
647:Time
642:Time
605:2018
339:him.
245:Life
225:and
131:Rome
97:Died
71:1591
68:Born
449:by
441:by
315:of
269:in
154:by
137:by
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211:SJ
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