509:
less. Luer and Almy note that the four mounds in
Classes A and B are spaced along the coast line about 25 to 30 km apart, while the smaller Class C mounds are often much closer to each other and to the major mounds. Luer and Almy suggest that the temple mounds represent a hierarchy, with the four largest mounds serving as regional centers, and the smaller mounds located at subsidiary villages and serving different purposes. On the other hand, Milanich suggests that the centers of political units may have moved from time to time, and that only some of the temple mounds were in use at any given time.
1563:
546:) would carry away bodies. After the bones had been cleaned, they would be buried. A Spanish account of a chief's funeral states that his body was "broken up" and placed in large jars, and the flesh was removed from the bones over two days. The skeleton was then reassembled and left in the temple for four days while the people fasted. At the end of the four days, all the people of the town would take the bones and place them in a burial mound. In some cases bodies were cremated and then buried in the mound on which the charnel house sat.
20:
1747:
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state that the temples were likely charnel houses, where bodies were prepared and stored for later burial. Several of the temple mounds have been destroyed since the 19th century, but at least fifteen have been documented as having once existed around Tampa Bay and on the Gulf coast near Tampa Bay. These temple mounds were rectangular and had flat tops, usually with a ramp leading up to the top on one side.
102:, ran along the shore, and other middens were sometimes located on other sides of the plaza. The plaza itself was kept clear of debris. The more important residents of the town had their houses around the plaza, while the lower class lived in huts further from the plaza. The Spanish reported that the chief and his family resided on the main mound, and that a "temple" (probably a
555:
found that bulldozed shell mounds made for excellent road fill. State and federal laws now afford protection to sites that contain human remains or are located on public land, but preservation of other archeological sites on private land is optional and encouraged by offering tax deductions and other incentives.
482:
on Pine Island), differ from Safety Harbor temple mounds in having a U-shaped platform, and no ramps. This difference in form may indicate the mounds belong to the
Caloosahatchee culture instead of the Safety Harbor culture. Luer and Almy also note that the large Bostic Temple Mound in Hardee County,
600:
The name "Tocobaga" is often used to refer to all of the indigenous peoples of the Tampa Bay area during the first
Spanish colonial period (1513-1763). In a strict sense, Tocobaga was the name of a chiefdom, its main town, and its chief, all of which were probably centered at the Safety Harbor site
508:
in area). Class B, including the Safety Harbor and
Bayshore Homes temple mounds, had high volumes of 6500 to 6900 m³, were tall (greater than 5 m), and had a summit platform 440 to 760 m² in area. The nine remaining temple mounds varied in height and shape, but were much lower in volume, 3500 m³ or
220:
area (Mitchem's South
Florida Safety Harbor). Milanich ascribes the presence of such objects to trade, but states that future work may clarify the relationship of the Safety Harbor and Caloosahatchee cultures. Luer and Almy note that temple mounds south of Charlotte Harbor differ significantly from
97:
Descriptions of the villages by
Spanish visitors mostly agree with archaeological reconstructions. Capitals had a central rectangular plaza. A truncated pyramidal mound up to 20 ft (6.1 m) high and up to 130 ft (40 m) long on each side at the base stood on one side of the plaza.
554:
As was the case in much of
Florida, a vast majority of the Tampa Bay area's temple mounds, burial mounds, and middens were destroyed during development as the local population grew rapidly in the early to mid 20th century. Developers sought to level land near the water, and road construction crews
563:
The
Spanish reported four social classes among the Safety Harbor people: chiefs, headmen, warriors and ordinary people, and slaves. Europeans and members of other tribes who had been captured were slaves. A chief who visited de Soto in his camp was carried there on the back of another man. Chiefs
491:
site that have mentioned as possible Safety Harbor temple mounds, but the other mounds there pre-date Safety Harbor, and there is little evidence of Safety Harbor use of the site. A large flat-topped shell mound, the
Withlacoochee River Platform Mound, is next to the Withlacoochee River in Citrus
268:
and village living areas) are almost always undecorated. Major Safety Harbor sites had platform, or temple, mounds. The term "temple mound" is based on the description by members of the de Soto expedition of a temple on a constructed earthwork mound in a Safety Harbor village. Bullen and
Milanich
537:
The Tocobaga kept the bodies of recently dead people in their temples or charnel houses until the bones had been cleaned. The Spanish visitors described the bodies as being wrapped in painted deer hides and stored in wooden boxes sitting on the ground. One of the Spanish captives of the Tocobaga
255:
Changes in decorated ceramics and the presence of European artifacts support a division of the Safety Harbor culture into four phases. Pre-contact phases were the Englewood, 900-1100 and the Pinellas, 1100-1500. Phases during the Spanish colonial period included Tatham, 1500-1567, and Bayview,
495:
Luer and Almy used the reported height, shape and dimensions of thirteen of the temple mounds to calculate their volume. They used this data to classify the mounds: Class A, consisting of the Anclote and Snead Island temple mounds, had high volumes (7000 to 7700
613:, on the south side of Tampa Bay. The chief of Mocoso also named Neguarete and Orriygua as neighboring chiefs, but it is not known if they were in the Safety Harbor culture area. It is not known what these chiefdoms shared aside from the Safety Harbor culture.
636:. There is no mention of Mocoso or Uzita in Spanish records after the passage of the de Soto expedition. The chiefdom of Tocobaga was apparently the major power in the Tampa Bay area during the later half of the 16th century, especially at the time of
252:; however, the people of the Safety Harbor culture had not adopted an agricultural economy, and, consequently, the culture did not become Mississippian. Safety Harbor mounds were typically built on late Weeden Island period mounds.
221:
Safety Harbor temple mounds in form. Luer has also argued that other materials found in burial mounds south of Charlotte Harbor belong to a south Florida, or "Glades Cult", artifact complex. Luer also argues that the presence of
583:
may have been a minor part of the diet, but the southern limit of maize agriculture prior to the arrival of the Europeans was to the north of Tampa Bay. They used bows and arrows, equipped with stone arrowheads or
483:
which is associated with a village area and burial mounds, was contemporary with Safety Harbor temple mounds. They suggest that this site was the center for a distinct cultural and political system oriented to the
517:
Burial mounds containing Safety Harbor ceramics are common in the Circum-Tampa Bay area, and are found scattered through the outlying areas. Burial mounds in the Northern Safety Harbor region include a mound at
617:, a captive of south Florida Indians for many years in the early 16th century, described Tocobaga as "King head chief of that district", but also described Tocobaga and Mocoso as independent "Kingdoms".
644:, becoming the dominant power in the Tampa Bay area. By around 1700, however, the Safety Harbor culture had virtually disappeared due to disease and incursions by other Native Americans from the north.
74:
coast. The chiefdoms may have consisted of about 15 mi (24 km) of shoreline, and extended about 20 mi (32 km) inland. Each chiefdom had a principal town or "capital" with a temple
106:) stood on the opposite side of the plaza. Archaeological excavations suggest that the charnel houses were on the mounds. Village sites without mounds, and isolated burial mounds, are also known.
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264:
The Safety Harbor culture is defined by the presence of burial mounds with ceramics decorated with a distinctive set of designs and symbols. Ceramics found elsewhere at Safety Harbor sites (in
1551:
1135:
1178:
592:
used in daily life was largely undecorated, but ceremonial vessels (found in burials) were distinctively decorated (the defining characteristic of the Safety Harbor culture).
98:
One or more buildings stood on top of the mound, and a ramp ran from the top of the mound to the plaza. A burial mound would be located off to the side. A shell mound, or
632:
east or northeast of Tampa Bay. The people of Mocoso and of Uzita were noted as having spoken different languages. Hann argues that the language of the Mocoso people was
3420:
1544:
142:. Milanich defines the culture area as the coast from the Withlacoochee River to Charlotte Harbor, placing the area from Charlotte Harbor to Collier County in the
588:
stingers. Houses were built with wooden posts and covered with palm leaves. "Temples" (or charnel houses) and other buildings were decorated with wood carvings.
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were part of the "Inland Safety Harbor" area. Mitchem called his regional variant south of Charlotte Harbor (southern Charlotte County,
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3052:
2842:
2327:
2124:
1919:
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1939:
530:. Burial mounds south of the Tampa Bay area include the Sarasota and Myakka Valley Ranches mounds. The Phillip Mound, close to the
523:
2742:
2014:
1834:
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peninsula, from about 900 CE until after 1700. The Safety Harbor culture is defined by the presence of Safety Harbor ceramics in
1726:
2817:
2752:
2732:
2184:
2957:
1719:
1520:
1482:
1463:
1444:
1425:
1406:
1362:
1321:
1312:
Bullen, Ripley P. (1978). "Tocobago Indians and the Safety Harbor Culture". In Milanich, Jerald T. and Samuel Procter (ed.).
36:
1590:
1511:
Sturtevant, William C. (1978). "The Last of the South Florida Aborigines". In Milanich, Jerald T. and Samuel Procter (ed.).
55:, located close to the center of the culture area. The Safety Harbor site is the probable location of the chief town of the
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334:
1585:
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3313:
3263:
2727:
2144:
1989:
3425:
3087:
2867:
2692:
2159:
1994:
1984:
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475:
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The Safety Harbor culture area extended along the central Gulf coast of Florida. Bullen described it as running from
2832:
1894:
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artifacts in burial mounds shows that such articles, along with Safety Harbor objects, were traded into the area.
3333:
3298:
3102:
2972:
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2059:
1879:
614:
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County, but it has not been investigated. Whether it has any connection to the Safety Harbor culture is unknown.
249:
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and northern Pasco County, formed the "Northern Safety Harbor" area. South of Tampa Bay southern Manatee County,
40:
3243:
3037:
3012:
2932:
2624:
2368:
2094:
1819:
1693:
539:
2226:
2104:
1824:
1754:
1567:
883:
637:
131:
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640:'s visit in 1567. Tocobaga's power apparently waned in the 17th century, with first the Pohoy, and then the
3248:
2797:
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2039:
1949:
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reported that he had been assigned to guard a temple at night to keep wolves from carrying off the bodies.
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2707:
2194:
2134:
2034:
1969:
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expedition (which do not mention Tocobaga) state that Mocoso and Uzita were subject to a chief called
3170:
3122:
2216:
527:
183:
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3057:
2912:
2882:
2441:
2343:
2019:
1136:"The Ruth Smith, Weeki Wachee, and Tatham Mounds: Archaeological Evidence of Early Spanish Contact"
601:
at the north end of Old Tampa Bay. Other Safety Harbor chiefdoms named in Spanish accounts include
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comprised the "Manasota Safety Harbor" (Mitchem) or "South-Central Safety Harbor" (Milanich) area (
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87:
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2179:
1703:
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135:
115:
3017:
2737:
2584:
2527:
2461:
2446:
2099:
2004:
1759:
1653:
1628:
1513:
Tacachale: Essays on the Indians of Florida and Southeastern Georgia during the Historic Period
1495:
Redefining Safety Harbor: Late Prehistoric/Protohistoric Archaeology in West Peninsular Florida
1314:
Tacachale: Essays on the Indians of Florida and Southeastern Georgia during the Historic Period
467:
390:
372:
217:
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143:
32:
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3145:
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2211:
1999:
1713:
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The Safety Harbor people ate fish, shellfish, deer, turtles and dogs, as well as watercress,
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241:
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83:
16:
Archaeological culture practiced by Native Americans living on the central Gulf coast Florida
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2084:
519:
471:
448:
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357:
206:
150:, what Mitchem and Milanich call "Circum-Tampa Bay". This area included all of what is now
139:
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Mitchem later agreed that "South-Central Safety Harbor" was preferable to avoid confusion.
8:
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2569:
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2074:
1924:
1859:
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1708:
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441:
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210:
240:-related culture of the central Florida Gulf coast. Safety Harbor was influenced by the
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in the Inland Safety Harbor area, contained a large number of Safety Harbor ceramics.
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82:. Fifteen such towns have been identified along the Florida Gulf coast from southern
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2044:
1909:
1814:
1658:
1638:
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458:), near the mouth of the Little Manatee River, now destroyed, possibly the site of
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187:
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3175:
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2501:
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383:
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2511:
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1633:
576:
317:
91:
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2401:
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2109:
1914:
1904:
1678:
1673:
1515:. Gainesville, Florida: The University Presses of Florida. pp. 141–162.
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282:
130:
to the south. Mitchem limited the northern extent of the culture area to the
123:
103:
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Three platform mounds east and south of Charlotte Harbor, the Acline Mound (
3363:
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3258:
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3206:
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2827:
2807:
2772:
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2154:
2064:
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1974:
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1316:. Gainesville, Florida: The University Presses of Florida. pp. 50–58.
711:
625:
505:
405:
348:
48:
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1373:
806:
323:
Harbor Key Temple Mound (Bishop Harbor Temple Mound), on Bishop Harbor in
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2942:
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2792:
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2421:
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2174:
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1458:(paperback ed.). Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
497:
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1439:(hardback ed.). Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
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19:
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2009:
1854:
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23:
Map of the approximate area of the Safety Harbor archaeological culture
2852:
3027:
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1934:
1349:(Click on link to journal for free access to PDF version of article.)
376:
147:
67:
63:
59:, the best known of the groups practicing the Safety Harbor culture.
1746:
3226:
3190:
3140:
3002:
2787:
2221:
2024:
1209:"Conservation Easements: Protecting Florida'a Archaeological Sites"
585:
56:
3233:
2717:
2594:
2516:
589:
568:
265:
194:, which preceded the Safety Harbor culture in most of its area).
44:
609:(Capaloey), possibly on the north side of Hillsborough Bay, and
232:
The Safety Harbor culture developed in place from the preceding
2579:
641:
602:
543:
99:
1214:. Florida Department of State Division of Historical Resources
3323:
606:
580:
501:
79:
1331:
Hann, John H. (Fall 1995). "Demise of the Pojoy and Bomto".
487:
valley. There are two "truncated rectangular" mounds at the
474:), Howard Shell Mound (Bokeelia Island, at the north end of
354:
Pillsbury Temple Mound, in Manatee County, mostly destroyed.
3283:
712:"Historic Sources at the Pineland Site, Lee County Florida"
834:
832:
244:, with some ceramics resembling the Mississippian-related
216:
Safety Harbor ceramics are found in burial mounds in the
504:
or less), and large summit platforms (greater than 1000
437:
Harbor Key II, southwest of the Harbor Key Temple Mound.
427:
Bull Frog Creek, south of the mouth of the Alafia River.
277:
Known Safety Harbor sites with "temple" mounds include:
1179:"American Indian mounds are Florida's hidden monuments"
829:
444:
between the Harbor Key and Madira Bickel temple mounds.
66:
and lived primarily in villages along the shoreline of
1477:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
1420:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
1401:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
1357:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
1498:(Ph.D.). Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida
1456:
Florida's Indians from Ancient Times to the Present
1437:
Florida's Indians from Ancient Times to the Present
884:"Anderson-Narváez Mound at Jungle Prada Mound Park"
564:were often married to the sisters of other chiefs.
412:Possible Safety Harbor temple mound sites include:
1372:Luer, George M.; Marion M. Almy (September 1981).
1371:
1134:
94:. Only one principal town has been found inland.
3421:Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands
3397:
2342:
2257:Protection of Native American sites in Florida
1472:
1355:Indians of Central and South Florida 1513-1763
800:
798:
2328:
1545:
1473:Milanich, Jerald T.; Hudson, Charles (1993).
213:and western Collier County) "South Florida".
62:The Safety Harbor people were organized into
1418:Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe
281:Anclote Temple Mound, near the mouth of the
2252:Indigenous peoples of the Everglades region
1568:Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida
1475:Hernando de Soto and the Indians of Florida
1034:
1032:
1030:
795:
146:. The heart of the culture area was around
2335:
2321:
1552:
1538:
1510:
678:
676:
674:
478:), and Brown's Mound (Pineland site, near
109:
2843:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
312:Fort Brooke Temple Mound, at the site of
122:, with some evidence that it reached the
1453:
1434:
1415:
1396:
1027:
987:
985:
983:
927:
925:
923:
913:
911:
909:
869:
867:
865:
855:
853:
549:
18:
1491:
1176:
1132:
942:"Historic Preservation - Burial Mounds"
743:
741:
739:
737:
671:
397:, now destroyed, the type site for the
3398:
1311:
2316:
1533:
1374:"Temple Mounds of the Tampa Bay Area"
1133:Mitchem, Jeffrey M. (December 1989).
1096:Luer and Almy: 135-137, 138, 140, 141
980:
920:
906:
862:
850:
166:. To the north. the area between the
3406:Post-Archaic period in North America
1352:
1330:
1177:Capouya, John (September 25, 2011).
944:. Manatee County, Florida government
804:
734:
709:
335:National Register of Historic Places
134:, but included the coast south into
3314:Norse colonization of North America
1399:Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida
333:, in Manatee County, listed in the
90:, an area that includes all of the
13:
3416:Archaeological cultures of Florida
3411:Native American history of Florida
1745:
1114:Milanich 1994: 389-90, 393-94, 400
964:"Maximo Beach Archaeological Site"
14:
3437:
1492:Mitchem, Jeffrey McClain (1989).
605:, on the east side of Tampa Bay,
248:and incorporating symbols of the
51:. The culture is named after the
2268:List of shell ring sites#Florida
1561:
1333:The Florida Historical Quarterly
805:Luer, George (March–June 2005).
512:
298:Bayshore Homes Temple Mound, in
272:
3334:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1235:
1226:
1201:
1170:
1159:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1041:
1018:
994:
956:
934:
897:
876:
841:
786:
777:
768:
615:Hernando de Escalante Fontaneda
389:Weeden Island Temple Mound, at
367:Safety Harbor Temple Mound, at
347:Mill Point Temple Mound on the
250:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
759:
750:
710:Luer, George M. (March 1991).
703:
694:
685:
662:
653:
379:for the Safety Harbor culture.
340:Maximo Point Temple Mound, in
190:is also the name given to the
170:and the Gulf coast, including
1:
1305:
847:Milanich 1994: 389-90, 393-94
289:Anderson/Narvaez Temple Mound
192:Weedon Island-related culture
3299:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
3249:Eastern Agricultural Complex
1454:Milanich, Jerald T. (1998).
1435:Milanich, Jerald T. (1998).
1416:Milanich, Jerald T. (1995).
1397:Milanich, Jerald T. (1994).
765:Milanich 1994: 389, 409, 412
595:
7:
2683:Bandelier National Monument
2557:List of Mississippian sites
2344:Pre-Columbian North America
1785:Big Mound Key-Boggess Ridge
1727:North peninsular Gulf coast
382:Snead Island Temple Mound (
358:Pinellas Point Temple Mound
10:
3442:
3103:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
2708:The Bluff Point Stoneworks
2417:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)
2035:Ortona Prehistoric Village
1378:The Florida Anthropologist
1141:The Florida Anthropologist
1069:Milanich&Hudson: 66-67
811:The Florida Anthropologist
716:The Florida Anthropologist
628:or Paracoxi, who lived 30
404:Whitaker Temple Mound, on
360:(or Hirrihigua Mound), in
331:Madira Bickel Temple Mound
3426:History of Tampa, Florida
3372:
3344:Three Sisters agriculture
3199:
3131:
2663:
2392:
2350:
2294:
2239:
2203:
1738:
1604:
1574:
558:
528:Cove of the Withlacoochee
522:, and the Ruth Smith and
420:), near the mouth of the
305:Dunedin Temple Mound, in
259:
2883:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
2442:Buttermilk Creek complex
2020:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery
1825:Cayson Mound and Village
1290:Hann 2003: 105, 107, 117
1263:Hann 2003: 105, 107, 117
647:
638:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
138:, and east into eastern
3083:Town Creek Indian Mound
3053:Sierra de San Francisco
2908:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
1167:Milanich 1998: 104, 109
1078:Luer and Almy: 146, 149
1038:Luer and Almy: 128, 146
838:Luer and Almy: 127, 129
668:Milanich 1998: 103, 105
110:Geography and time span
2738:Coso Rock Art District
2625:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
2528:List of Hopewell sites
1955:Letchworth-Love Mounds
1900:Hickory Ridge Cemetery
1760:Aqui Esta Burial Mound
1750:
1694:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
1353:Hann, John H. (2003).
1299:Milanich 1994: 56, 122
1272:Milanich 1994: 56, 122
1049:"Oelsner Indian Mound"
1002:"Pinellas Point Mound"
756:Milanich 1994: 390-391
691:Milanich 1994: 392-401
391:Weedon Island Preserve
218:Caloosahatchee culture
144:Caloosahatchee culture
39:living on the central
33:archaeological culture
24:
3146:Arlington Springs Man
2988:Portsmouth Earthworks
2212:Manasota Key Offshore
2195:Yon Mound and Village
1970:Mark Pardo Shellworks
1940:Kimball Island Midden
1749:
1189:on September 21, 2013
1087:Mitchem: 15-16, 22-23
903:Luer and Almy: 130-31
550:Destruction of mounds
542:reported that lions (
399:Weeden Island culture
386:), in Manatee County.
242:Mississippian culture
223:Mississippian culture
29:Safety Harbor culture
22:
3354:Transoceanic contact
3244:Container Revolution
2818:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2783:Etowah Indian Mounds
2227:Warm Mineral Springs
1800:Bowers Bluff Middens
620:The accounts of the
540:Garcilaso de la Vega
520:Weeki Wachee Springs
447:Oelsner Mound, near
422:Little Manatee River
3274:Green Corn Ceremony
3088:Turkey River Mounds
2878:Lake Jackson Mounds
2698:Blue Spring Shelter
2130:Shell Bluff Landing
2075:Pompano Beach Mound
2015:Myakkahatchee Creek
1965:Madira Bickel Mound
1945:Lake Jackson Mounds
1596:Post-Archaic period
1245:Milanich 1998. 103.
1243:Milanich 1994. 390.
416:Bahia Beach Mound (
246:Fort Walton culture
168:Withlacoochee River
158:counties, southern
132:Withlacoochee River
3359:Underwater panther
3033:Rosenstock Village
2903:Marmes Rockshelter
2888:L'Anse aux Meadows
2180:Waddells Mill Pond
2125:Shark River Slough
1960:Little Salt Spring
1751:
1165:Bullen: 53, 54, 56
991:Luer and Almy: 134
931:Luer and Almy: 133
917:Luer and Almy: 132
873:Luer and Almy: 131
859:Luer and Almy: 130
783:Milanich 1994: 389
774:Milanich 1998: 105
747:Luer and Almy: 146
659:Bullen: 50-1, 53-4
500:), low heights (4
369:Safety Harbor site
53:Safety Harbor site
25:
3393:
3392:
3385:Pre-Columbian era
3186:Spirit Cave mummy
2983:Plum Bayou Mounds
2893:Lynch Quarry Site
2412:Ancient Beringian
2310:
2309:
2302:Pre-Columbian era
2247:Beaver Lake point
2140:Third Gulf Breeze
1950:Lake Pithlachocco
1870:Fort Walton Mound
1522:978-0-8130-0535-5
1484:978-0-8130-1170-7
1465:978-0-8130-1599-6
1446:978-0-8130-1598-9
1427:978-0-8130-1360-2
1408:978-0-8130-1273-5
1364:978-0-8130-2645-9
1323:978-0-8130-0535-5
1123:Milanich 1995: 28
700:Mitchem: 568, 569
571:, "cabbage" from
442:Terra Ceia Island
227:St. Johns culture
126:to the north and
70:and the adjacent
3433:
3329:Projectile point
3166:Leanderthal Lady
3093:Upward Sun River
3068:Stallings Island
3058:Shell ring sites
3008:Recapture Canyon
2923:Moorehead Circle
2768:El Fin del Mundo
2753:Cueva de la Olla
2559:
2546:Maritime Archaic
2530:
2360:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2314:
2313:
2270:
1850:Devil's Den Cave
1815:Butcherpen Mound
1770:Bear Lake Mounds
1729:
1722:
1582:
1566:
1565:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1488:
1469:
1450:
1431:
1412:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1368:
1348:
1327:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1281:Hann 1995: 187-8
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1254:Hann 1995: 187-8
1252:
1246:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1213:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1185:. Archived from
1174:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1006:
998:
992:
989:
978:
977:
975:
973:
968:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
938:
932:
929:
918:
915:
904:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
880:
874:
871:
860:
857:
848:
845:
839:
836:
827:
826:
824:
822:
802:
793:
790:
784:
781:
775:
772:
766:
763:
757:
754:
748:
745:
732:
731:
729:
727:
707:
701:
698:
692:
689:
683:
680:
669:
666:
660:
657:
451:in Pasco County.
430:Englewood, near
408:, now destroyed.
351:, now destroyed.
320:, now destroyed.
309:, now destroyed.
302:, now destroyed.
285:, now destroyed.
234:Manasota culture
197:
184:Charlotte County
128:Charlotte Harbor
37:Native Americans
3441:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3380:Genetic history
3368:
3222:Ceremonial pipe
3195:
3176:Minnesota Woman
3133:
3127:
2948:Ocmulgee Mounds
2928:Morrison Mounds
2873:Kolomoki Mounds
2863:Kimball Village
2723:Candelaria Cave
2665:
2659:
2640:Suwannee Valley
2575:Old Cordilleran
2555:
2526:
2394:
2388:
2354:
2346:
2341:
2311:
2306:
2290:
2266:
2235:
2205:
2199:
2185:Wakulla Springs
2165:Upper Tampa Bay
2080:Portavant Mound
2050:Persimmon Mound
1995:Mount Elizabeth
1740:
1734:
1725:
1718:
1704:Suwannee Valley
1606:
1600:
1578:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1523:
1501:
1499:
1485:
1466:
1447:
1428:
1409:
1387:
1385:
1365:
1324:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1241:Bullen. 53, 56.
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1192:
1190:
1183:Tampa Bay Times
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1150:
1148:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
999:
995:
990:
981:
971:
969:
966:
962:
961:
957:
947:
945:
940:
939:
935:
930:
921:
916:
907:
902:
898:
888:
886:
882:
881:
877:
872:
863:
858:
851:
846:
842:
837:
830:
820:
818:
803:
796:
791:
787:
782:
778:
773:
769:
764:
760:
755:
751:
746:
735:
725:
723:
708:
704:
699:
695:
690:
686:
681:
672:
667:
663:
658:
654:
650:
598:
561:
552:
532:Kissimmee River
515:
384:Portavant Mound
275:
262:
195:
180:Sarasota County
176:Hernando County
162:, and northern
112:
88:Sarasota County
17:
12:
11:
5:
3439:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3304:Mound Builders
3301:
3296:
3291:
3289:Medicine wheel
3286:
3281:
3279:Horned Serpent
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3018:Roberts Island
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2953:Old Stone Fort
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2918:Moaning Cavern
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2868:Kincaid Mounds
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2748:Cuarenta Casas
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Bluefish Caves
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2669:
2667:
2664:Archaeological
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2462:Caloosahatchee
2459:
2454:
2449:
2447:Caborn-Welborn
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2393:Archaeological
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2317:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2286:Suwannee point
2283:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2100:Roberts Island
2097:
2092:
2090:Princess Mound
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1925:Josslyn Island
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1860:Douglass Beach
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Big Mound City
1777:
1775:Big Heart West
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1744:
1742:
1739:Archaeological
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1654:Leon-Jefferson
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Caloosahatchee
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1605:Archaeological
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1591:Archaic period
1588:
1583:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1557:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1508:
1489:
1483:
1470:
1464:
1451:
1445:
1432:
1426:
1413:
1407:
1394:
1369:
1363:
1350:
1339:(2): 184–200.
1328:
1322:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1234:
1225:
1200:
1169:
1158:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1051:. Pasco County
1040:
1026:
1024:Hann 2003: 114
1017:
993:
979:
955:
933:
919:
905:
896:
875:
861:
849:
840:
828:
807:"Introduction"
794:
785:
776:
767:
758:
749:
733:
702:
693:
684:
670:
661:
651:
649:
646:
597:
594:
560:
557:
551:
548:
526:mounds in the
514:
511:
468:Aqui Esta site
464:
463:
454:Thomas Mound (
452:
445:
438:
435:
428:
425:
410:
409:
402:
395:St. Petersburg
387:
380:
365:
362:St. Petersburg
355:
352:
345:
342:St. Petersburg
338:
328:
325:Manatee County
321:
310:
303:
300:St. Petersburg
296:
293:St. Petersburg
286:
274:
271:
261:
258:
164:Manatee County
136:Collier County
116:Tarpon Springs
111:
108:
92:Tampa Bay area
72:Gulf of Mexico
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3438:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3264:Falcon dancer
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:Miscellaneous
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:Melbourne Man
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3161:La Brea Woman
3159:
3157:
3156:Kennewick Man
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:Serpent Mound
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:Pueblo Bonito
2996:
2994:
2993:Poverty Point
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Pinson Mounds
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:Painted Bluff
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2848:Horr's Island
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:Effigy Mounds
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2743:Crystal River
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2655:Weeden Island
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:Safety Harbor
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Poverty Point
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Paleo-Indians
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2551:Mississippian
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
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2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
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2338:
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2319:
2318:
2315:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2281:Simpson point
2279:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:Miscellaneous
2238:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Melbourne Man
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Useppa Island
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Safety Harbor
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:Rookery Mound
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
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2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
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1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1915:Indian Fields
1913:
1911:
1910:Horr's Island
1908:
1906:
1905:Hinson Mounds
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:Halfway Creek
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Crystal River
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
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1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:Apalachee Bay
1753:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1714:Weeden Island
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:Safety Harbor
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1679:Paleo-Indians
1677:
1675:
1674:Orange period
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1497:
1496:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1238:
1229:
1210:
1204:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1173:
1162:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1129:
1120:
1111:
1105:Milanich: 398
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1066:
1050:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1021:
1003:
997:
988:
986:
984:
965:
959:
943:
937:
928:
926:
924:
914:
912:
910:
900:
885:
879:
870:
868:
866:
856:
854:
844:
835:
833:
816:
812:
808:
801:
799:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
744:
742:
740:
738:
721:
717:
713:
706:
697:
688:
679:
677:
675:
665:
656:
652:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
593:
591:
587:
582:
579:, and beans.
578:
577:cabbage palms
574:
570:
565:
556:
547:
545:
541:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
513:Burial mounds
510:
507:
503:
499:
493:
490:
489:Crystal River
486:
481:
477:
473:
469:
461:
457:
453:
450:
446:
443:
439:
436:
433:
429:
426:
423:
419:
415:
414:
413:
407:
403:
400:
396:
392:
388:
385:
381:
378:
374:
373:Safety Harbor
370:
366:
363:
359:
356:
353:
350:
346:
343:
339:
336:
332:
329:
326:
322:
319:
315:
311:
308:
304:
301:
297:
294:
290:
287:
284:
283:Anclote River
280:
279:
278:
273:Temple mounds
270:
267:
257:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:Weeden Island
235:
230:
228:
224:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
203:Hardee County
200:
199:DeSoto County
193:
189:
185:
182:and northern
181:
177:
173:
172:Citrus County
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
124:Aucilla River
121:
117:
107:
105:
104:charnel house
101:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
60:
58:
54:
50:
49:burial mounds
46:
42:
38:
35:practiced by
34:
30:
21:
3364:Water glyphs
3319:Oasisamerica
3309:N.A.G.P.R.A.
3269:Folsom point
3259:Effigy mound
3239:Clovis point
3207:Aridoamerica
3108:Wickiup Hill
3063:Spiro Mounds
3043:Salmon Ruins
3038:Russell Cave
2833:Helen Blazes
2828:Grimes Point
2808:Fort Juelson
2798:Fort Ancient
2773:El Vallecito
2733:Chaco Canyon
2673:Angel Mounds
2635:Steed-Kisker
2619:
2585:Paleo-Arctic
2507:Glacial Kame
2492:Fort Ancient
2384:Post-Classic
2355:
2155:Turtle Mound
2150:Turner River
2145:Thomas Creek
2135:Spruce Creek
2115:Ross Hammock
2085:Porter's Bar
2065:Platt Island
2030:Ormond Mound
2005:Mount Taylor
1975:Miami Circle
1930:Jungle Prada
1920:J&J Hunt
1895:Helen Blazes
1880:Garden Patch
1805:Bubba Midden
1790:Bird Hammock
1688:
1664:Mount Taylor
1586:Paleoindians
1579:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1494:
1474:
1455:
1436:
1417:
1398:
1386:. Retrieved
1384:(3): 127–155
1381:
1377:
1354:
1336:
1332:
1313:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1237:
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1203:
1191:. Retrieved
1187:the original
1182:
1172:
1161:
1149:. Retrieved
1147:(4): 317–339
1144:
1140:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1053:. Retrieved
1043:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
996:
970:. Retrieved
958:
946:. Retrieved
936:
899:
887:. Retrieved
878:
843:
819:. Retrieved
814:
810:
788:
779:
770:
761:
752:
724:. Retrieved
719:
715:
705:
696:
687:
664:
655:
626:Urriparacoxi
619:
599:
566:
562:
553:
536:
516:
494:
465:
440:Kennedy, on
411:
406:Sarasota Bay
349:Alafia River
276:
263:
254:
231:
215:
205:and most of
160:Pasco County
152:Hillsborough
113:
96:
86:to northern
84:Pasco County
78:and central
61:
28:
26:
3349:Thunderbird
3217:Black drink
3181:Peñon woman
3118:Winterville
3098:Velda Mound
3078:Taos Pueblo
2973:Parkin Park
2958:Orwell site
2943:Nodena site
2838:Holly Bluff
2813:Four Mounds
2803:Fort Center
2728:Casa Grande
2678:Anzick site
2570:Monongahela
2497:Fort Walton
2472:Coles Creek
2437:Belle Glade
2422:Anishinaabe
2276:Shell works
2175:Velda Mound
2160:Twin Mounds
2045:Page-Ladson
2000:Mount Royal
1985:Monroe Lake
1885:Green Mound
1875:Galt Island
1865:Fort Center
1709:Swift Creek
1644:Fort Walton
1619:Belle Glade
1232:Bullen. 56.
485:Peace River
476:Pine Island
472:Punta Gorda
449:Port Richey
314:Fort Brooke
256:1567-1725.
207:Polk County
140:Polk County
3400:Categories
3294:Metallurgy
3254:Eden point
3151:Buhl Woman
3023:Rock Eagle
3013:River Styx
2938:Mummy Cave
2933:Moundville
2913:Mesa Verde
2898:Marksville
2645:Tchefuncte
2605:Plaquemine
2541:Las Palmas
2457:Calf Creek
2452:Cades Pond
2262:Shell ring
2190:Yent Mound
2105:Rock Mound
2095:River Styx
2010:Mullet Key
1855:Dismal Key
1845:Demere Key
1830:C. J. Ostl
1820:Cayo Pelau
1810:Burns Lake
1624:Cades Pond
1388:August 22,
1306:References
792:Bullen: 53
722:(1): 70–71
682:Bullen: 50
211:Lee County
41:Gulf coast
3339:Stickball
3028:Rock Hawk
2858:Key Marco
2650:Troyville
2630:St. Johns
2615:Red Ocher
2374:Formative
2040:Otis Hare
1990:Mound Key
1980:Mill Cove
1935:Key Marco
1795:Blueberry
1765:Bay Pines
1720:McKeithen
1699:St. Johns
1684:Pensacola
596:Chiefdoms
573:palmettos
432:Englewood
377:type site
148:Tampa Bay
68:Tampa Bay
64:chiefdoms
3227:Chanunpa
3212:Ballgame
3191:Vero man
3141:Anzick-1
3113:Windover
3073:SunWatch
3003:Rassawek
2823:Glenwood
2713:Brewster
2565:Mogollon
2536:La Jolla
2522:Hopewell
2482:Deptford
2395:cultures
2232:Windover
2222:Vero man
2060:Pineland
2025:Nocoroco
1659:Manasota
1639:Deptford
1607:cultures
1502:21 April
1345:30148820
1151:21 April
1055:21 April
1010:20 April
972:20 April
948:21 April
889:20 April
821:20 April
817:(1–2): 5
726:22 April
634:Timucuan
586:stingray
569:pumpkins
480:Pineland
188:Manasota
156:Pinellas
120:Sarasota
57:Tocobaga
3376:Related
3234:Chunkey
3134:remains
3123:Wupatki
2963:Paquime
2853:Huápoca
2718:Cahokia
2688:Bastian
2595:Patayan
2517:Hohokam
2502:Fremont
2477:ComondĂş
2432:Baytown
2427:Avonlea
2407:Alachua
2379:Classic
2369:Archaic
2357:Periods
2298:Related
2206:remains
1669:Norwood
1614:Alachua
1580:Periods
630:leagues
622:de Soto
590:Pottery
544:cougars
470:, near
307:Dunedin
266:middens
45:Florida
43:of the
31:was an
2793:Folsom
2758:Cutler
2693:Benson
2580:Oneota
2512:Glades
2487:Folsom
2467:Clovis
2364:Lithic
2055:Pierce
1840:Cutler
1649:Glades
1634:Clovis
1519:
1481:
1462:
1443:
1424:
1405:
1361:
1343:
1320:
642:Calusa
603:Mocoso
559:People
524:Tatham
418:8HI536
375:, the
260:Mounds
100:midden
3324:Piasa
3132:Human
2763:Eaker
2666:sites
2600:Plano
2402:Adena
2204:Human
2070:Plaza
1741:sites
1341:JSTOR
1218:8 May
1212:(PDF)
1193:8 May
1005:(PDF)
967:(PDF)
648:Notes
611:Uzita
607:Pohoy
581:Maize
460:Uzita
318:Tampa
291:, in
80:plaza
76:mound
3284:Kiva
1517:ISBN
1504:2012
1479:ISBN
1460:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1422:ISBN
1403:ISBN
1390:2018
1359:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1220:2012
1195:2012
1153:2012
1057:2012
1012:2012
974:2012
950:2012
891:2012
823:2012
728:2012
456:8HI1
236:, a
225:and
154:and
27:The
2788:Eva
575:or
393:in
371:in
316:in
118:to
3402::
1382:34
1380:.
1376:.
1337:74
1335:.
1181:.
1145:42
1143:.
1139:.
1029:^
982:^
922:^
908:^
864:^
852:^
831:^
815:58
813:.
809:.
797:^
736:^
720:44
718:.
714:.
673:^
506:m²
498:mÂł
201:,
174:,
2336:e
2329:t
2322:v
1553:e
1546:t
1539:v
1525:.
1506:.
1487:.
1468:.
1449:.
1430:.
1411:.
1392:.
1367:.
1347:.
1326:.
1222:.
1197:.
1155:.
1059:.
1014:.
976:.
952:.
893:.
825:.
730:.
502:m
462:.
434:.
424:.
401:.
364:.
344:.
337:.
327:.
295:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
