331:. In the sketch, Hanks's character "Uri Shurinson" and the other Sabra are swindling the contestants, conning them into purchasing shoddy products. Products include a Summit clock-radio, a "Pinnacle satellite dish" that's a v-aerial, a cordless phone that's a defective rotary phone, a microwave that's a toaster oven, a CD-player that's a child's bank, and a defective buzzer from the game show itself, for which they guess the price rather than winning them. The sketch concludes with an
122:
204:
This could hardly be otherwise in a small and exposed pioneer community which had to defend its physical existence and build its State against almost impossible odds. One cannot create a nation without nationalism." That same month, Israel carried out its first census following independence. The census found that out of a Jewish population of 716,700, approximately 35% were native-born.
255:
20:
184:
moshavim, and the members of the youth movements and
Palmach began developing a consciousness about their cultural uniqueness. They also produced and honed native status symbols and a peculiarly native Israeli style in language, dress, and collective leisure culture". He claimed that the idea that a new Hebrew nation had arisen was widespread among
246:
1951. As the immigration wave tapered off, the percentage of the native-born Jewish population gradually increased as more children were born, many to immigrants who arrived after independence. The percentage of the Jewish population that was native-born reached 33% in 1956, 38% in 1961, and 40% in 1965.
245:
With the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948, large-scale Jewish immigration ensued from Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, greatly increasing the Jewish population. As a result, the amount of native-born Jews as a percentage of the population went down from 35% in 1948 to 25% in
203:
Koestler claimed that "In his mental make-up the average young sabra is fearless to the point of recklessness, bold, extroverted, and little inclined towards, if not openly contemptuous of, intellectual pursuits" and that "The sabra's outlook on the world is rather provincial and hyper-chauvinistic.
183:
At this time, there was now a large number of native-born Jews in the kibbutzim and moshavim and in urban areas, and as a result, sabra culture blossomed. Almog wrote that "as the Sabra archetype and stereotype took shape, the students at the Hebrew gymnasiums, the young people of the kibbutzim and
163:
of the term, to emphasize the softer interior rather than the roughness, was done by the journalist Uri Kesari, who himself was a sabra. Kesari published an essay, "We Are the Leaves of the Sabra!", on 18 April 1931 in the newspaper Doar HaYom in which he argued against the discrimination which was
242:), or "Statehood Generation", and have been largely described by cultural commentators as being motivated less by the strident nationalism and/or socialism of the pre-independence generations and more by a general cultural pragmatism and sensitivity to the mass-cultural output of Western powers.
199:
published an article titled "Israel: the native generation", in which he profiled sabras as compared to Jewish immigrants from Europe and Arab and Muslim nations, who he described as a "lost generation", writing that "In their ensemble these form the lost generation of Israel, a transitory and
136:, or Jewish population of Palestine, in the 1930s. It is thought to have been used as far back as the early 20th century, when it was used to refer to the first generation of native-born Hebrew speaking Jews produced by the Zionist movement, the children of the immigrants of the
179:
has been referred to as "the first sabra." In the 1920s this new Hebrew culture was visibly emerging. The term was in widespread use in the 1930s and 1940s, and it increasingly became a term of prestige as the sabra turned into a cultural hero within
Israeli culture.
463:, speaker of the Knesset from 1999–2003, was the first Speaker to have been born in the modern state since 1948. The first of the Statehood Generation to serve as acting president, was Dalia Itzik and to serve as the actual president is Isaac Herzog.
112:
In 2010, over 4 million
Israeli Jews (70%) were sabras, with an even greater percentage of Israeli Jewish youths falling into this category. In 2015, about 75% of Israel's Jewish population was native-born. In 2024, this had further increased to 80%.
200:
amorphous mass which as yet lacks the character of a nation. Only in the native youth, born and reared in the country, does the first intimation of the future profile of Israel as a nation begin to outline itself."
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The
English form of the word, Sabra, served Israeli manufacturers who wanted to brand their products as recognisably Israeli products, which are sold in the foreign markets. As a result, "
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1073:
1139:
171:
According to
Israeli sociologist Oz Almog, who studied the sociological development of the term, the first indications of a new culture appeared around the time of
762:
234:, resulted in a decline of the use of the term after the 1970s. Those who were born in the country after independence in 1948 became known as the "Dor haMedina" (
226:
during the 1950s, the penetration of
Western culture and primarily American culture, as well as the social and political changes which were created following the
90:, though it may have appeared earlier. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Israelis have used the word to refer to a Jew born anywhere in the
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765:. 2000. The Sabra the creation of the new Jew. The S. Mark Taper Foundation imprint in Jewish studies. Berkeley: University of California Press
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951:
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216:
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Israel: the Sword and the Harp: The
Mystique of Violence and the Mystique of Redemption; Controversial Themes in Israeli Society
443:
born after Israel's declaration of independence, who became
President of Israel rather than acting president, is the incumbent
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550:
339:
who bargains in the same manner as the Sabra and in the middle of their argument, they all "disco" as the sketch concludes.
207:
An important influence on the Sabra personality was considered the participation in national youth movements, such as the
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1059:
397:
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born after Israel's declaration of independence, who exercised the powers of the office of the president of Israel, was
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970:
Society, Schools and
Progress in Israel: The Commonwealth and International Library: Education and Educational Research
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1402:
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888:
71:. The term came into widespread use in the 1930s to refer to a Jew who had been born in Israel, including the
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Israelis, however, also appropriate the cactus as a symbol of their connection to the land and the word
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The Sabra received an artistic and symbolic representation in the form of the illustrated character "
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found that of a recorded Jewish population of 174,610, 73,195 people (42%) were born in
Palestine.
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102:
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In addition to Netanyahu being the first of the Statehood Generation to serve as prime minister,
304:", were created. The world's largest hummus manufacturer as of 2009 is a U.S. company called the
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were all born in what is now the territory of the State of Israel during the Mandate period.
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in 1948. He first took office in 1996, before leaving office in 1999 and returning in 2009.
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98:
8:
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refers to all Jews who are not immigrants, but who are born in historic Palestine/Israel.
420:
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and is a parody of Israel-born Jews making bargains with people who believe this show is
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72:
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369:, who served as acting prime minister from February to March 1969. He was born in
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109:, who are supposedly tough on the outside, but delicate and sweet on the inside.
49:
44:
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126:
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219:, followed by the universal participation in military service for both sexes.
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The term alludes to a tenacious, thorny desert plant, known in English as
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227:
172:
864:"Israel: The native generation | 1940-1949 | Guardian Century"
839:"Israel: The native generation | 1940-1949 | Guardian Century"
289:. Another such character is the Israeli children's television character
914:"Jewish & Non-Jewish Population of Israel/Palestine (1517-Present)"
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401:
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290:
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101:, with a thick skin that conceals a sweet, softer interior. The cactus
86:
82:
584:
Dance and Authenticity in Israel and Palestine: Performing the Nation
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318:
160:
317:
series contained a sketch entitled "Sabra Price Is Right" featuring
185:
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to serve as prime minister rather than acting prime minister was
278:
23:
1449:
1434:
940:, Ferdynand Zweig, Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press, 1970, page 6
637:"Israel at 62: Population of 7,587,000 - Israel News, Ynetnews"
515:
500:
381:, who first held the office 1974–77, and then again 1992–1995.
274:
270:
258:
133:
68:
471:, former prime ministers, were also born in the modern state.
1060:"Allon Will Be First Sabra in Israel's History to Be Premier"
952:"Jerusalem & Babylon / Returning to the source of it all"
262:
148:." The term "Tzabar" may have been used by immigrants of the
145:
396:
prime minister to have been born in the modern state after
332:
384:
Since Rabin first took office, there have been four other
1091:
674:(Report). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 6 May 2019
254:
224:
large immigration to Israel of Jews from Muslim countries
64:
164:
cast against the native-born by the new immigrants. The
144:. This generation of natives referred to themselves as "
19:
619:"Hard on the outside, soft on the inside, and extinct?"
661:
1088:"Israel's Benjamin Netanyahu: Commando turned PM"
1010:זינוק במכירות חומוס שטראוס בארה"ב: כבשה 40% מהשוק
587:. Leiden, Netherlands and Boston, Massachusetts:
1469:
800:"JewishPost.com - The Myth of the Israeli Sabra"
743:"JewishPost.com - The Myth of the Israeli Sabra"
261:in the Israeli museum of cartoons and comics in
1062:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. February 27, 1969.
454:
311:In popular culture, an episode of the American
949:
300:" and "Sabra sport", the sports model of the "
1140:
699:(Report). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
321:as the guest host. The sketch was written by
132:The term came into widespread use within the
564:
558:
388:prime ministers: the current prime minister
361:to exercise the powers of the office of the
349:(Ruth Bat-Seraph's alter ego) in the 1980s.
54:
27:
1412:Non-Jewish groups (with Jewish minorities)
1147:
1133:
1074:"November 4, 1995: The Day the Sabra Died"
1006:
889:"Latest Population Statistics for Israel"
1457:Historical Jewish population comparisons
758:
756:
754:
752:
253:
120:
18:
981:
881:
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984:"How the new Israeli Judaism was born"
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538:War Culture and the Contest of Images
1120:Hebrew site with video of Kishkashta
777:Balashon - Hebrew Language Detective
720:Balashon - Hebrew Language Detective
534:
398:Israel's declaration of independence
950:Anshel Pfeffer (25 February 2011).
651:"8,345,000 people living in Israel"
239:
156:, originally as an insulting term.
48:
13:
1508:Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew
814:"British Census of Palestine 1931"
14:
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447:. He is the first son of a
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1039:"Sabra Price is Right - Video"
1007:Aviv Levy (25 November 2009).
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694:Israel's Independence Day 2024
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669:Israel's Independence Day 2019
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1:
982:Persico, Tomer (2019-02-23).
541:. New Brunswick, New Jersey:
521:
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1158:by geographic origin in the
1076:. Haaretz. November 4, 2015.
918:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
893:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
818:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
788:Dictionary of Slang (Hebrew)
731:Dictionary of Slang (Hebrew)
455:Statehood Generation leaders
125:A cactus flowerpot with the
73:British Mandate of Palestine
7:
1403:Peruvian Jews (B'nai Moshe)
565:
559:
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451: to become president.
191:In November 1948, with the
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26:cactus, known in Israel as
10:
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345:created a superhero named
188:youth in the early 1940s.
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639:. Ynet.co.il. 2010-04-18.
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543:Rutgers University Press
511:Negation of the Diaspora
449:former Israeli president
363:prime minister of Israel
285:, created by cartoonist
166:1931 census of Palestine
1360:Peruvian Jews (Iquitos)
968:Kleinberger, Aharon F:
209:Hanoar Haoved Vehalomed
195:in its closing stages,
161:changing of the meaning
266:
140:that began in 1881 in
129:
63:term that defines any
32:
581:Kaschl, Elke (2003).
306:Sabra Dipping Company
257:
193:1948 Arab-Israeli War
124:
22:
1498:Jewish ethnic groups
625:. November 12, 2013.
1375:Other Jewish groups
1110:Video of Kishkashta
868:www.theguardian.com
843:www.theguardian.com
535:Apel, Dora (2012).
421:President of Israel
314:Saturday Night Live
1299:Saudi Arabian Jews
1201:South African Jews
786:Rosenthal, Ruvik:
729:Rosenthal, Ruvik:
427:, who was born in
390:Benjamin Netanyahu
328:The Price Is Right
267:
130:
33:
16:Jew born in Israel
1493:Society of Israel
1483:Culture of Israel
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1464:
1094:. March 18, 2015.
598:978-90-04-13238-2
552:978-0-8135-5396-2
486:Culture of Israel
445:Isaac Herzog
177:Avshalom Feinberg
1515:
1503:1930s neologisms
1450:"Reverse Aliyah"
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657:. 22 April 2015.
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1211:Venezuelan Jews
1181:Australian Jews
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1160:Jewish diaspora
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545:. p. 196.
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1365:Turkish Jews
1324:Kuwaiti Jews
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1264:Iranian Jews
1259:Kurdish Jews
1221:Mizrahi Jews
1196:Russian Jews
1156:Israeli Jews
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107:Israeli Jews
99:prickly pear
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1393:Indian Jews
1388:French Jews
1334:Kazakh Jews
1329:Afghan Jews
1319:Qatari Jews
1279:Syrian Jews
1249:Libyan Jews
1186:Polish Jews
1023:25 November
1019:(in Hebrew)
437:Dalia Itzik
419:who became
410:Ehud Olmert
367:Yigal Allon
353:In politics
337:Dana Carvey
228:Six-Day War
173:World War I
103:is compared
1472:Categories
1309:Omani Jews
1289:Iraqi Jews
1045:2012-09-05
993:2024-04-06
522:References
469:Yair Lapid
415:The first
402:Ehud Barak
371:Kfar Tavor
357:The first
291:Kishkashta
283:Tembel hat
250:In culture
240:דור המדינה
87:Old Yishuv
83:New Yishuv
53:, plural:
763:Almog, Oz
429:Jerusalem
319:Tom Hanks
655:Ynetnews
475:See also
265:, Israel
217:Hatsofim
186:Tel Aviv
152:and the
67:born in
56:tzabarim
1115:YouTube
988:Haaretz
972:, p. 48
956:Haaretz
923:Oct 18,
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873:Oct 18,
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496:Kibbutz
302:Sussita
279:sandals
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142:Romania
117:History
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