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was a sufficient safety margin for wind loads on the orbiter's wing leading edges. At T−1:30, it was proposed that the launch be delayed at T−0:31 due to a cabin air pressure issue. It was quickly determined that the cabin pressure had been increased slightly by the activation of the oxygen systems in the crew's flight suits, and the launch was conducted without further delay. The shuttle crew, all veteran astronauts, included
Commander Frederick H. "Rick" Hauck, Pilot Richard O. Covey, and Mission Specialists John M. "Mike" Lounge, George D. "Pinky" Nelson and David C. Hilmers.
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mechanical arm mounted in the cargo bay. Because of the experimental nature of speech recognition at the time, this system was not used for any critical operations. Initial problems almost sidelined the tests when the voice templates that were created prior to liftoff were found to have less than 60%
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Besides conducting the mission's various experiments, crew members practiced suiting up in new partial-pressure "launch-and-entry" flight suits, and also practiced the unstowing and attaching of the new crew escape system. On
October 2, 1988, the day before the mission ended, the five-man crew paid
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suffered severe damage to its thermal protection tiles in the underwing area. Post-flight analysis showed that the impact of a 30 cm (12 in) long piece of cork insulation during ascent was the culprit. The origin of the debris was the forward field joint on the right-hand SRB. The damage
922:
The launch was delayed by one hour and thirty-eight minutes due to unseasonable and unusual light winds, and the need to replace fuses in the cooling systems of two crew members' flight suits. The suits were repaired, and a waiver was issued for the wind conditions after officials determined there
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Two minor problems occurred during the flight. After ascent, the Flash
Evaporator System for cooling the orbiter iced up and shut down, increasing the crew cabin temperature to approximately 31 °C (88 °F). The problem was resolved on Flight Day 4 and cooler temperatures resulted. A
977:
recognition for one crew member and less than 40% recognition for another. This problem was corrected by retraining the templates. It was retested and found to be operational with a recognition success rate of over 96%. It was concluded that
1078:– did not produce crystals suitable for analysis. Also, there were some equipment problems with the Automated Directional Solidification Furnace (ADSF), an experiment to investigate the melting and solidification of various materials in
1003:, at 12:37:11 p.m. EDT on October 3, 1988, after a mission duration of approximately 4 days, 1 hour, 0 minute, and 11 seconds. Capsule Communicator Blaine Hammond Jr. welcomed the crew, saying it was "a great ending to a new beginning".
1065:
All the mission's mid-deck experiments were deemed to have been performed successfully. However, there were some glitches with two of the five materials science experiments. In the
Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment, two of the 11
1108:, intended to help determine if microgravity can play a beneficial role in clinical research and medical diagnostic tests. Two further experiments involved atmospheric sciences, while one was in communications research.
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accident. Also in the payload bay was the
Orbiter Experiments Autonomous Supporting Instrumentation System (OASIS). OASIS recorded environmental data on the orbiter and the TDRS payload during various inflight phases.
3845:
1202:. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.
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with a membrane. Another materials science experiment, the
Physical Vapor Transport of Organic Solids-2 (PVTOS-2), was a joint project of NASA's Office of Commercial Programs and the
956:
became the first spacecraft to fly in space equipped with a VCU (Voice
Control Unit), a computer capable of recognising and responding to human speech. The VCU was created by
785:, go at throttle up", shortly after which the orbiter disintegrated. He also would have been the CAPCOM operator for the canceled STS-61-F mission during launch and landing.
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1955:
603:, on September 29, 1988, and landed four days later on October 3, 1988. STS-26 was declared the "Return to Flight" mission, being the first mission after the
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s cargo bay six hours and 13 minutes into the flight. The first stage of the IUS placed TDRS-3 in a transfer orbit, and the second stage placed it in a
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930:, was successfully deployed, and 11 scheduled mid-deck scientific and technological experiments were carried out. The orbiter sustained only minor
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antenna for communications was deployed on Flight Day 2, but it failed to respond properly and had to be stowed for the remainder of the mission.
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627:, and the first mission with bailout capacity since STS-4. STS-26 was also the first U.S. space mission with an all-veteran crew since
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was such that, during re-entry, the thermal protection tile eroded almost completely. A similar chain of events ultimately led to the
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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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conditions caused a fundamental change in human speech, making the templates created prior to liftoff virtually useless.
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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in their documentation to avoid conflicts in tracking data between the old and new flight designations.
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1126:(TDRSS) deployed. After deployment, the IUS propelled the satellite into a geosynchronous orbit.
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The materials processing experiments included two
Shuttle Student Involvement Projects, one on
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1446:. Vol. III: The Flight Campaign. Forest Lake, Minnesota: Specialty Press. p. 130.
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1988 American crewed spaceflight to deploy TDRS-3, and "Return to Flight" after STS-51-L
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NASA's TDRS-C satellite, attached to an
Inertial Upper Stage (IUS), became the second
646:). Likewise all flights with the STS-26 through STS-33 designations would require the
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system controlled the cameras and monitors that were used by the crew to monitor the
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1442:
Jenkins, Dennis R. (2016). "Chapter 18 - Destiny
Fulfilled - The Intended Purpose".
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1492:; Hansen, James R. (September 16, 2012). "Chapter 22: On a Wing and a Prayer".
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The crew roster for STS-26 was based on the original crew assignment for
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Orbiter Experiments Autonomous Supporting Instrumentation System (OASIS)
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619:(STS) numbering system, the first to have all its crew members wear
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758:. Hauck, Lounge and Hilmers were all assigned to that flight, with
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1496:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. p. 336.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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chose the wakeup music for STS-26, including a contribution from
1194:
NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the
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experiments were conducted, including one on the aggregation of
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showed no signs of leakage or overheating at any of the joints.
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638:, as the original STS-26 designation previously belonged to
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in tracking Earth-orbiting spacecraft; a sister satellite,
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on September 30, 1988. TDRS-3 moved into position over the
583:
81:
1163:
Two Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP) experiments
28:
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891:
lifts off from KSC, the first shuttle mission after the
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Handprints on Hubble: An Astronaut's Story of Invention
1094:
1022:
TDRS-C, which became TDRS-3 in orbit, and its attached
1198:, and first used music to awaken a flight crew during
766:
disaster, but would eventually become the director of
1651:
1400:
1136:
Physical Vapor Transport of Organic Solids (PVTOS-2)
611:
of January 28, 1986. It was the first mission since
502:
Physical Vapor Transport of Organic Solids (PVTOS-2)
1494:
Forever Young: A Life of Adventure in Air and Space
1160:
Automated Directional Solidification Furnace (ADSF)
478:
Automated Directional Solidification Furnace (ADSF)
1142:Infrared Communications Flight Experiment (IRCFE)
490:Infrared Communications Flight Experiment (IRCFE)
3985:
964:, and was based on technology licensed from the
1963:
1170:
1515:
1513:
985:tribute to the seven crew members lost in the
589:mission and the seventh flight of the orbiter
508:Two Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP)
3054:
1949:
1637:
1444:Space Shuttle: Developing an Icon - 1972-2013
1089:grain formation and the other on controlling
762:as pilot. Bridges never flew again after the
1166:Voice Control Unit test and evaluation (VCU)
926:The primary payload for the STS-26 mission,
1574:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
1510:
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1006:
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1956:
1942:
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915:on September 29, 1988, 975 days after the
527:
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119:
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27:
1074:believed to be key to the replication of
132:4 days, 1 hour, 11 seconds
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1124:Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
1010:
883:
788:
1560:
1441:
932:Space Shuttle thermal protection system
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1435:
1157:Earth-Limb Radiance Experiment (ELRAD)
634:The mission is technically designated
484:Earth-Limb Radiance Experiment (ELRAD)
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1937:
1625:
1519:
1314:The tilt table in its deploy position
1148:Isoelectric Focusing Experiment (IFE)
1130:
934:tile damage, and the redesigned post-
667:
487:Isoelectric Focusing Experiment (IFE)
140:2,703,000 km (1,680,000 mi)
1538:from the original on January 5, 2021
1482:
1151:Mesoscale Lightning Experiment (MLE)
1145:Aggregation of Red Blood Cells (ARC)
493:Mesoscale Lightning Experiment (MLE)
481:Aggregation of Red Blood Cells (ARC)
1290:launches from Kennedy Space Center.
1154:Phase Partitioning Experiment (PPE)
1111:
499:Phase Partitioning Experiment (PPE)
13:
4019:Spacecraft which reentered in 1988
1116:
879:
14:
4030:
1591:
1302:A view of the shuttle's cargo bay
1210:, who provided a pastiche of his
811:Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.
187:115,487 kg (254,605 lb)
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740:, which would have launched the
195:88,078 kg (194,179 lb)
1520:Fries, Colin (March 13, 2015).
813:Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck.
781:launch who uttered the words, "
203:21,082 kg (46,478 lb)
1460:
1424:List of Space Shuttle missions
1238:Gooooooood Morning Discovery!!
111:
1:
1429:
1391:landing at the end of STS-26.
623:for launch and landing since
1522:"Chronology of Wakeup Calls"
1171:Damage to thermal protection
1139:Protein Crystal Growth (PCG)
595:. The mission launched from
505:Protein Crystal Growth (PCG)
285:September 29, 1988, 15:37:00
281:September 29, 1988, 15:37:00
7:
4009:Spacecraft launched in 1988
3029:indicates failure missions.
1965:U.S. Space Shuttle missions
1900:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
1396:
754:was eventually launched on
730:Third and last spaceflight
680:Third and last spaceflight
617:Space Transportation System
53:Space Transportation System
10:
4035:
1993:Approach and Landing Tests
1615:December 14, 2014, at the
1603:November 17, 2013, at the
1419:List of human spaceflights
1273:
1264:"Fun, Fun, Fun..." parody
1026:(IUS), were deployed from
4004:1988 in the United States
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441:306 km (190 mi)
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431:301 km (187 mi)
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355:October 3, 1988, 16:37:11
351:October 3, 1988, 16:37:11
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1007:Payloads and experiments
511:Voice Control Unit (VCU)
3622:Fanhui Shi Weixing I-02
1610:STS-26 Video Highlights
1326:The release of the TDRS
768:Langley Research Center
653:
3999:Edwards Air Force Base
3994:Space Shuttle missions
1253:"I Get Around" parody
1019:
997:Edwards Air Force Base
896:
329:Rockwell International
40:in the payload bay of
4014:September 1988 events
1213:Good Morning, Vietnam
1186:fifteen years later.
1014:
995:landed on Runway 17,
939:solid rocket boosters
887:
789:Crew seat assignments
723:Mission Specialist 3
697:Mission Specialist 1
556:Space Shuttle program
406:Reference system
161:Spacecraft properties
3077:Orbital launches in
1598:NASA mission summary
1570:(November 5, 2019).
1568:Sullivan, Kathryn D.
1376:, imaged from orbit.
1035:geosynchronous orbit
1024:Inertial Upper Stage
909:Kennedy Space Center
777:operator during the
709:Mission Specialist 2
615:to use the original
597:Kennedy Space Center
525:STS-26 mission patch
69:Return to Flight and
1204:Kathryn D. Sullivan
962:Huntsville, Alabama
911:, at 11:37:00 a.m.
718:Second spaceflight
704:Second spaceflight
692:Second spaceflight
659:
23:
1924:(1994 documentary)
1411:Spaceflight portal
1357:imaged from orbit.
1342:imaged from orbit.
1131:Secondary payloads
1057:, was lost in the
1020:
970:speech recognition
905:Launch Complex 39B
897:
760:Roy D. Bridges Jr.
677:Frederick H. Hauck
658:
401:Orbital parameters
236:Frederick H. Hauck
137:Distance travelled
21:
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1664:Completed flights
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72:TDRS-C deployment
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1921:Destiny in Space
1904:Washington, D.C.
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1529:History Division
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1228:Artist/Composer
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1216:radio greeting.
1112:List of payloads
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1018:after deployment
903:lifted off from
809:
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727:George D. Nelson
715:David C. Hilmers
711:Flight Engineer
689:Richard O. Covey
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427:Perigee altitude
410:Geocentric orbit
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273:Start of mission
256:George D. Nelson
251:David C. Hilmers
241:Richard O. Covey
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145:Orbits completed
129:Mission duration
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3956:Molniya-1 No.63
3941:Molniya-3 No.52
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3766:Molniya-3 No.51
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3642:Gorizont No.28L
3632:Molniya-1 No.66
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3595:Resurs-F1 No.30
3519:
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3439:Molniya-3 No.49
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3325:Gorizont No.26L
3295:Molniya-1 No.64
3266:Molniya-1 No.65
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3132:Gorizont No.25L
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1617:Wayback Machine
1605:Wayback Machine
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1402:
1399:
1392:
1386:
1377:
1367:
1358:
1352:
1343:
1336:
1327:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1303:
1300:
1291:
1285:
1276:
1192:
1173:
1133:
1119:
1117:Primary payload
1114:
1106:red blood cells
1030:
1009:
952:During STS-26,
882:
880:Mission summary
812:
810:
791:
729:
717:
710:
703:
691:
679:
656:
642:(also known as
573:
572:
566:
558:
545:
532:
526:
524:
514:
437:Apogee altitude
420:Low Earth orbit
385:
367:
363:
359:
354:
352:
300:
296:
289:
284:
282:
260:
169:
118:
98:
93:
70:
56:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4032:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3979:
3978:
3974:Crewed flights
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3919:
3917:Ekran-M No.12L
3914:
3909:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3849:
3842:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3663:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3591:
3586:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3555:
3550:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3268:
3263:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3148:Meteor-2 No.20
3145:
3140:
3135:
3128:
3103:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3084:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2960:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2156:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1938:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1653:Space Shuttle
1649:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1607:
1593:
1592:External links
1590:
1588:
1587:
1581:978-0262043182
1580:
1559:
1509:
1503:978-0813042091
1502:
1490:Young, John W.
1481:
1459:
1453:978-1580072496
1452:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1368:
1361:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1294:
1292:
1286:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1244:Robin Williams
1241:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1208:Robin Williams
1196:Project Gemini
1191:
1188:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1091:crystal growth
1008:
1005:
968:company. This
899:Space Shuttle
881:
878:
875:
874:
869:
865:
864:
859:
855:
854:
851:
847:
846:
843:
839:
838:
835:
831:
830:
827:
823:
822:
819:
815:
814:
803:
800:
797:
790:
787:
773:Covey was the
732:
731:
724:
720:
719:
712:
706:
705:
701:John M. Lounge
698:
694:
693:
686:
682:
681:
674:
670:
669:
666:
655:
652:
621:pressure suits
605:Space Shuttle
575:
574:
567:
560:
559:
554:
516:
515:
513:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
475:
472:
471:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
453:
452:
449:
443:
442:
439:
433:
432:
429:
423:
422:
417:
413:
412:
407:
403:
402:
398:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
379:
375:
374:
349:
345:
344:
343:End of mission
340:
339:
336:
335:
332:
331:
326:
322:
321:
312:
308:
307:
279:
275:
274:
270:
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
259:
258:
253:
248:
246:John M. Lounge
243:
238:
232:
230:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
213:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
167:
163:
162:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
115:
106:
105:
91:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
67:
63:
62:
59:
58:
50:
46:
45:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4031:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3975:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3589:Meteor-3 No.3
3587:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3531:Okean-O1 No.5
3529:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3072:
3064:
3059:
3057:
3052:
3050:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2994:investigation
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2449:
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2444:
2442:
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2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
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2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
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2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
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1556:
1555:public domain
1534:
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1190:Wake-up calls
1187:
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1102:life sciences
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1045:at 171° west
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587:Space Shuttle
585:
582:was the 26th
581:
571: →
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561:←
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3973:
3899:
3876:
3856:37KB No.3770
3844:
3809:Gran' No.34L
3771:
3770:
3704:Fengyun I-01
3665:
3661:Transit-O 31
3657:Transit-O 25
3593:
3557:
3545:
3469:
3391:Ekran No.31L
3365:Transit-O 32
3361:Transit-O 23
3130:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2981:
2962:
2955:
2169:
1919:
1700:
1654:
1571:
1562:
1540:. Retrieved
1528:
1493:
1484:
1472:. Retrieved
1470:. Spacefacts
1462:
1443:
1437:
1388:
1287:
1267:Mike Cahill
1256:Mike Cahill
1211:
1193:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1099:
1084:
1080:zero-gravity
1064:
1058:
1049:. It joined
1027:
1021:
992:
991:
986:
983:
953:
951:
943:
935:
925:
921:
916:
900:
898:
892:
888:
871:
861:
782:
772:
763:
751:
747:
742:
735:
647:
635:
633:
606:
591:
579:
578:
378:Landing site
362:UTC (9:37:11
348:Landing date
200:Payload mass
192:Landing mass
176:
66:Mission type
41:
18:
3961:Kosmos 1986
3951:Progress 39
3946:Kosmos 1985
3936:Zhongxing-2
3931:Kosmos 1984
3912:Kosmos 1983
3884:Kosmos 1982
3872:Kosmos 1981
3867:Kosmos 1980
3862:Kosmos 1979
3819:Kosmos 1978
3814:Kosmos 1977
3804:Kosmos 1976
3799:Kosmos 1975
3794:Kosmos 1974
3756:Kosmos 1973
3741:Kosmos 1972
3737:Kosmos 1971
3733:Kosmos 1970
3728:Kosmos 1969
3723:Progress 38
3718:Kosmos 1968
3699:Kosmos 1967
3673:Kosmos 1966
3652:Kosmos 1965
3647:Kosmos 1964
3637:Kosmos 1963
3627:Kosmos 1962
3617:Kosmos 1961
3601:Kosmos 1960
3575:Kosmos 1959
3570:Progress 37
3565:Kosmos 1958
3536:Kosmos 1957
3515:Kosmos 1956
3510:Kosmos 1955
3505:Kosmos 1954
3482:Kosmos 1953
3477:Kosmos 1952
3454:Kosmos 1951
3449:Kosmos 1950
3444:Kosmos 1949
3434:Kosmos 1948
3430:Kosmos 1947
3426:Kosmos 1946
3421:Kosmos 1945
3416:Kosmos 1944
3406:Kosmos 1943
3401:Progress 36
3396:Kosmos 1942
3375:Kosmos 1941
3370:Kosmos 1940
3356:Kosmos 1939
3351:Foton No.4L
3346:Kosmos 1938
3341:Kosmos 1937
3320:Kosmos 1936
3315:San Marco 5
3310:Kosmos 1935
3305:Progress 35
3300:Kosmos 1934
3285:Kosmos 1933
3280:Kosmos 1932
3271:Spacenet 3R
3261:Kosmos 1931
3257:Kosmos 1930
3253:Kosmos 1929
3249:Kosmos 1928
3245:Kosmos 1927
3241:Kosmos 1926
3237:Kosmos 1925
3233:Kosmos 1924
3228:Kosmos 1923
3223:Zhongxing-1
3207:Kosmos 1922
3197:Kosmos 1921
3192:Kosmos 1920
3187:Kosmos 1918
3183:Kosmos 1917
3179:Kosmos 1919
3169:Kosmos 1916
3143:Kosmos 1915
3138:Progress 34
3126:Kosmos 1914
3122:Kosmos 1913
3118:Kosmos 1912
3114:Kosmos 1911
3110:Kosmos 1910
3106:Kosmos 1909
3101:Kosmos 1908
1370:Jebel Marra
1222:Flight Day
958:SCI Systems
746:probe from
546:Front row:
470:Instruments
447:Inclination
311:Launch site
278:Launch date
184:Launch mass
3988:Categories
3878:Soyuz TM-7
3667:Soyuz TM-6
3487:Meteosat 3
3471:Soyuz TM-5
3275:Telecom 1C
3016:Enterprise
2964:Challenger
1893:On display
1542:January 5,
1430:References
1059:Challenger
1001:California
989:disaster.
987:Challenger
979:weightless
936:Challenger
919:disaster.
917:Challenger
893:Challenger
783:Challenger
764:Challenger
748:Challenger
673:Commander
668:Astronaut
644:Spacelab-2
607:Challenger
533:Back row:
325:Contractor
166:Spacecraft
3922:Skynet 4B
3852:Buran 1K1
3746:Sakura 3b
3682:September
3202:Sakura 3a
3009:Endeavour
3002:Discovery
2875:Cancelled
1972:Completed
1655:Discovery
1389:Discovery
1288:Discovery
1200:Apollo 15
1176:Discovery
1097:company.
1047:longitude
1041:south of
1028:Discovery
993:Discovery
954:Discovery
901:Discovery
889:Discovery
750:in 1986.
629:Apollo 11
592:Discovery
221:Crew size
177:Discovery
95:1988-091A
89:COSPAR ID
42:Discovery
3926:Astra 1A
3893:December
3833:November
3580:INSAT-1C
3495:OSCAR-13
3157:February
2989:disaster
2983:Columbia
2970:disaster
2957:Atlantis
2948:Orbiters
2918:STS-61-J
2913:STS-61-M
2908:STS-62-A
2903:STS-61-H
2898:STS-61-G
2893:STS-61-F
2888:STS-61-E
2883:STS-41-F
2159:STS-51-L
2154:STS-61-C
2144:STS-61-B
2139:STS-61-A
2134:STS-51-J
2129:STS-51-I
2124:STS-51-F
2119:STS-51-G
2114:STS-51-B
2109:STS-51-D
2104:STS-51-C
2094:STS-51-A
2089:STS-41-G
2084:STS-41-D
2079:STS-41-C
2074:STS-41-B
1696:STS-51-I
1691:STS-51-G
1686:STS-51-D
1681:STS-51-C
1676:STS-51-A
1671:STS-41-D
1658:(OV-103)
1613:Archived
1601:Archived
1533:Archived
1531:. NASA.
1474:July 29,
1468:"STS-26"
1397:See also
1183:Columbia
1181:loss of
1087:titanium
1068:proteins
974:Canadarm
895:disaster
845:Hilmers
802:Landing
779:STS-51-L
738:STS-61-F
664:Position
640:STS-51-F
609:disaster
563:STS-51-L
384:, Runway
78:Operator
36:and its
3846:Unnamed
3787:October
3761:NOAA-11
3709:GStar-3
3559:SROSS-B
3553:Fobos 2
3547:Unnamed
3541:Fobos 1
3094:January
2933:STS-400
2928:STS-3xx
2923:STS-144
2859:STS-135
2854:STS-134
2849:STS-133
2839:STS-132
2834:STS-131
2829:STS-130
2808:STS-129
2803:STS-128
2798:STS-127
2793:STS-125
2788:STS-119
2778:STS-126
2773:STS-124
2768:STS-123
2763:STS-122
2753:STS-120
2748:STS-118
2743:STS-117
2733:STS-116
2728:STS-115
2723:STS-121
2713:STS-114
2702:STS-107
2692:STS-113
2687:STS-112
2682:STS-111
2677:STS-110
2672:STS-109
2662:STS-108
2657:STS-105
2652:STS-104
2647:STS-100
2642:STS-102
2617:STS-106
2612:STS-101
2586:STS-103
1975:(crews)
1913:Related
1885:Retired
1861:STS-133
1856:STS-131
1851:STS-128
1846:STS-119
1841:STS-124
1836:STS-120
1831:STS-116
1826:STS-121
1821:STS-114
1816:STS-105
1811:STS-102
1801:STS-103
1274:Gallery
947:Ku-band
853:Nelson
837:Lounge
799:Launch
770:(LRC).
752:Ulysses
743:Ulysses
636:STS-26R
601:Florida
539:Hilmers
382:Edwards
353: (
315:Kennedy
283: (
229:Members
110:SATCAT
57:STS-26R
3906:USA-34
3901:STS-27
3840:USA-33
3777:TDRS-3
3772:STS-26
3751:Ofek-1
3694:USA-32
3689:USA-31
3610:August
3500:Nova 2
3290:IRS-1A
3174:USA-30
3164:USA-29
3086:1989 →
3071:← 1987
2975:report
2938:Others
2637:STS-98
2627:STS-97
2622:STS-92
2607:STS-99
2581:STS-93
2576:STS-96
2566:STS-88
2561:STS-95
2556:STS-91
2551:STS-90
2546:STS-89
2536:STS-87
2531:STS-86
2526:STS-85
2521:STS-94
2516:STS-84
2511:STS-83
2506:STS-82
2501:STS-81
2491:STS-80
2486:STS-79
2481:STS-78
2476:STS-77
2471:STS-76
2466:STS-75
2461:STS-72
2451:STS-74
2446:STS-73
2441:STS-69
2436:STS-70
2431:STS-71
2426:STS-67
2421:STS-63
2411:STS-66
2406:STS-68
2401:STS-64
2396:STS-65
2391:STS-59
2386:STS-62
2381:STS-60
2371:STS-61
2366:STS-58
2361:STS-51
2356:STS-57
2351:STS-55
2346:STS-56
2341:STS-54
2331:STS-53
2326:STS-52
2321:STS-47
2316:STS-46
2311:STS-50
2306:STS-49
2301:STS-45
2296:STS-42
2286:STS-44
2281:STS-48
2276:STS-43
2271:STS-40
2266:STS-39
2261:STS-37
2251:STS-35
2246:STS-38
2241:STS-41
2236:STS-31
2231:STS-36
2226:STS-32
2205:STS-33
2200:STS-34
2195:STS-28
2190:STS-30
2185:STS-29
2175:STS-27
2170:STS-26
1879:Status
1806:STS-92
1796:STS-96
1791:STS-95
1786:STS-91
1781:STS-85
1776:STS-82
1771:STS-70
1766:STS-63
1761:STS-64
1756:STS-60
1751:STS-51
1746:STS-56
1741:STS-53
1736:STS-42
1731:STS-48
1726:STS-39
1721:STS-41
1716:STS-31
1711:STS-33
1706:STS-29
1701:STS-26
1578:
1500:
1450:
1261:Day 4
1250:Day 3
1233:Day 2
1100:Three
1072:enzyme
1055:TDRS-B
1051:TDRS-1
1043:Hawaii
1016:TDRS-3
928:TDRS-C
872:Unused
862:Unused
829:Covey
821:Hauck
775:CAPCOM
756:STS-41
685:Pilot
580:STS-26
569:STS-27
543:Nelson
535:Lounge
457:Period
451:28.45°
416:Regime
386:
368:
364:
360:
319:LC-39B
301:
297:
295:(11:37
290:
34:TDRS-C
22:STS-26
3824:TDF 1
3713:SBS-5
3584:ECS-5
3491:PAS-1
3334:April
3216:March
2845:2011
2825:2010
2819:2010s
2784:2009
2759:2008
2739:2007
2719:2006
2709:2005
2698:2003
2668:2002
2633:2001
2603:2000
2597:2000s
2572:1999
2542:1998
2497:1997
2457:1996
2417:1995
2377:1994
2337:1993
2292:1992
2257:1991
2222:1990
2216:1990s
2181:1989
2166:1988
2150:1986
2100:1985
2070:1984
2064:STS-9
2059:STS-8
2054:STS-7
2049:STS-6
2045:1983
2039:STS-5
2034:STS-4
2029:STS-3
2025:1982
2019:STS-2
2014:STS-1
2010:1981
2004:1980s
1989:1977
1983:1970s
1536:(PDF)
1525:(PDF)
1374:Sudan
1225:Song
1031:'
966:Votan
796:Seat
625:STS-4
613:STS-9
552:Hauck
548:Covey
174:
117:19547
49:Names
3524:July
3463:June
3079:1988
1576:ISBN
1544:2021
1498:ISBN
1476:2024
1448:ISBN
1355:Chad
1338:The
1076:AIDS
654:Crew
584:NASA
565:(25)
550:and
541:and
216:Crew
82:NASA
3384:May
960:in
913:EDT
371:PDT
304:EDT
293:UTC
112:no.
55:-26
38:IUS
3990::
3924:,
3739:,
3735:,
3711:,
3659:,
3582:,
3493:,
3489:,
3432:,
3428:,
3363:,
3273:,
3259:,
3255:,
3251:,
3247:,
3243:,
3239:,
3235:,
3185:,
3181:,
3124:,
3120:,
3116:,
3112:,
3108:,
1902:,
1527:.
1512:^
1372:,
1240:"
1095:3M
1082:.
999:,
907:,
868:7
858:6
850:5
842:4
834:3
826:2
818:1
599:,
537:,
388:17
366:am
317:,
299:am
148:64
3908:)
3904:(
3858:)
3854:(
3779:)
3775:(
3062:e
3055:t
3048:v
2704:†
2161:†
1957:e
1950:t
1943:v
1645:e
1638:t
1631:v
1584:.
1557:.
1546:.
1506:.
1478:.
1456:.
1236:"
648:R
373:)
357:)
306:)
287:)
224:5
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
