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317:, which was often done at the time to combat the disease. She spent less time at Mattel to focus on improving her health. Her loss of self-esteem affected her leadership, and she lost control of her business. In a 1980 interview, she said: "When I conceived Barbie, I believed it was important to a little girl’s self-esteem to play with a doll that breasts. Now I find it even more important to return that self-esteem to women who have lost theirs.”
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Due to difficulties in finding a good breast prosthesis, Handler decided to make her own. With the help of new business partner Peyton Massey, and under her new company, Ruthton Corp., she manufactured a more realistic version of a woman's breast called Nearly Me, aiming to boost women's confidence
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joined the
Handlers' company, which they renamed Mattel by combining "Matson" and "Elliot". (Elliot later said that they were unable to think of a way to include Ruth's name.) When sales fell during World War II, Mattel began making toy furniture. Its success spurred the company's transition to toy
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immigrants Jacob
Moskowicz, a blacksmith, and Ida Moskowicz (née-Rubenstein). She was the youngest of ten children. When she was six months old, her parents sent her to live with her older sister Sarah. She stayed with Sarah until she was 19 and developed an enthusiasm for business by working at
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after the
Handlers' son. Eventually a huge range of Barbie dolls was released, portrayed with more than 125 careers, and Barbie became known for her versatility and fashion. The Handlers added cars, sports gear, clothes, and doll furniture to their Barbie products.
279:. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Ruth had in mind. She purchased three, gave one to her daughter, and took the others to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character in a satirical comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper
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Observing her daughter
Barbara and friends having fun with paper dolls and role-play adult scenarios, Ruth noticed a market void. Dolls available at that time were mainly babies and toddlers; no dolls were available that resembled adults.
219:. Ruth and Izzy married in 1938 in Denver. Returning to California, Ruth encouraged her husband to become known by his middle name, Elliot. Ruth returned to work at Paramount and Elliot was employed as a lighting fixture designer.
665:"Barbie's 'pornographic' origin story, as told by historians - A new trailer for the Barbie movie shows her visiting the real world. In reality, the doll was based on a German sex toy called Lilli"
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Following several investigations into fraudulent financial reports, Handler resigned from Mattel in 1975. Investigations continued, and she was charged with fraud and false reporting by the
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The Lilli doll was first sold in 1955 in
Germany, and although initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing it in outfits that were available separately.
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and was fined $ 57,000 (equivalent to $ 270,000 in 2023) and sentenced to 2,500 hours of community service. She blamed her illness for making her "unfocused" on her business.
385:. In the film, the ghost of an elderly Handler resides in an office on the 17th floor of Mattel headquarters in Los Angeles. There she meets the movie's stereotypical Barbie (
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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235:. At Ruth's suggestion, they started a furniture business where Ruth was in charge of sales, and she landed contracts with businesses such as
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293:. She named the doll Barbie after her daughter Barbara, and said that Barbie was from Willows, Wisconsin. Premiering on March 9, 1959 at the
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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Handler received various awards for her philanthropy and business activities. She was chosen Woman of the Year in
Business by the
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in New York City, the first Barbie doll cost $ 3 and was an instant hit. In its first year, 300,000 were sold.
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Barbie: The Icon, the Image, the Ideal: An
Analytical Interpretation of the Barbie Doll in Popular Culture
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In 1932, Ruth fell in love with Izzy
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Elliot became interested in furniture-making, and decided to make furniture from two plastics,
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Barbie and Ruth: The Story of the World's Most Famous Doll and the Woman Who Created Her
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On return to the US, Handler redesigned the doll with help from local inventor-designer
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by the Toy Manufacturers of America, received the Volunteer Achievement Award from the
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695:"Meet Lilli, the High-end German Call Girl Who Became America's Iconic Barbie Doll"
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Handler died on April 27, 2002 in California from complications during surgery for
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During a trip to Europe in 1956 with Barbara and her son Kenneth, Ruth came across
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943:"Who was Ruth Handler? The story behind Barbie's mother figure in the new movie"
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The Handlers and Mattel later added a boyfriend for Barbie, named
968:"Who Is Ruth Handler? How Barbie's Creator Factors Into the Film"
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The Handlers were forced to resign from Mattel in 1975 after the
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Forman-Brunell, Miriam. "Barbie in" LIFE": The Life of Barbie."
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regardless of their health. The invention became quite popular;
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investigated the company for falsifying financial documents.
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Handler was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1970. She had a
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411:"Ruth Handler, Whose Barbie Gave Dolls Curves, Dies at 85"
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798:"Barbie creator wanted doll to stand for women's choices"
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Handler was prominently characterized in the 2023 film
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The film stirred a wave of media coverage of Handler.
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100 People Who Changed 20th-Century America, Volume 1
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American people convicted of making false statements
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American chief executives of manufacturing companies
345:, and was the inaugural Woman of Distinction of the
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Ruth Marianna Mosko was born on November 4, 1916 in
746:"Ruth Handler: The Entrepreneur Who Created Barbie"
885:. Associated Press. April 28, 2002. Archived from
167:in 1959, and being co-founder of toy manufacturer
16:American business magnate and inventor (1916–2002)
512:"Scandal tainted long career of Barbie's creator"
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537:"Collection: Papers of Ruth Handler, 1931-2002"
215:, she went to Los Angeles and landed a job at
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1029:Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth
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510:Castellitto, Linda M. (February 22, 2009).
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2299:Burials at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery
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2162:Museum of Lifestyle & Fashion History
1519:Skipper and the Big Babysitting Adventure
1082:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1002288
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721:"Ruth Mosko Handler unveils Barbie Doll"
568:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 337.
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858:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
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354:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
328:was fitted for one after a mastectomy.
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2142:Mattel Inc. v. Walking Mountain Prods.
994:"The real-life inspiration for Barbie"
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375:Handler is portrayed in the 2023 film
267:Handler said that she saw the doll in
1807:Magic Fairy Tales: Barbie as Rapunzel
1719:The Sensations: Rockin' Back to Earth
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856:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
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441:"Ruth Handler, Barbie Doll Invention"
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2274:American toy industry businesspeople
1576:Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story
646:"History of Mattel by Robert Eckert"
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911:"Greta Gerwig's 'Barbie' Dream Job"
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2264:American people convicted of fraud
1746:My Scene Goes Hollywood: The Movie
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922:from the original on July 11, 2023
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180:Securities and Exchange Commission
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1953:Mattel, Inc. v. MCA Records, Inc.
1583:Tiny Shoulders: Rethinking Barbie
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796:Pollock, Danny (April 29, 2002).
675:from the original on May 26, 2023
590:"Who Made America?: Ruth Handler"
409:Kershaw, Sarah (April 29, 2002).
208:Sarah’s drugstore/soda fountain.
2269:American retail chief executives
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2175:The Most Popular Girls in School
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1051:Wepman, Dennis. "Handler, Ruth"
484:Altman, Julie (March 20, 2009).
2309:Businesspeople from Los Angeles
2279:American women chief executives
2249:20th-century American inventors
2156:Mattel Inc v 3894207 Canada Inc
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908:Paskin, Willa (July 11, 2023).
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619:Haynes, Ian (August 15, 2023).
295:American International Toy Fair
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2195:Barbie Liberation Organization
1711:The Rockers: Out of This World
1447:The Princess & the Popstar
941:Heching, Dan (July 22, 2023).
879:"Creator of Barbie dies at 85"
663:Javaid, Maham (May 25, 2023).
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1022:Barbie § Further reading
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79:Los Angeles, California, U.S.
1738:My Scene: Jammin' in Jamaica
850:American Antiquarian Society
830:American Antiquarian Society
7:
2344:University of Denver alumni
1638:Black Barbie: A Documentary
1327:The Princess and the Pauper
1053:American National Biography
916:The New York Times Magazine
625:ASBN Small Business Network
315:modified radical mastectomy
10:
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2304:Businesspeople from Denver
1487:Chelsea: The Lost Birthday
1247:List of friends and family
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1044:Weissman, Kristin Noelle.
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543:. Harvard University Press
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1359:The 12 Dancing Princesses
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771:"Barbie Through the Ages"
339:Toy Industry Hall of Fame
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2349:Jewish women in business
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2284:American women inventors
2182:Barbie Queen of the Prom
723:. Jewish Women's Archive
237:Douglas Aircraft Company
1041:. Harper/Collins, 2008.
343:American Cancer Society
1660:Life in the Dreamhouse
802:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
490:Jewish Women's Archive
445:Famous Women Inventors
2189:The Toys That Made Us
2168:Lisa vs. Malibu Stacy
1879:Magic Genie Adventure
1676:Dreamhouse Adventures
1431:Princess Charm School
1031:2.3 (2009): 303-311.
1020:Further information:
157:Ruth Marianna Handler
2339:Jews from California
2018:What Was I Made For?
1495:Big City, Big Dreams
1463:Star Light Adventure
1399:The Three Musketeers
1343:The Magic of Pegasus
652:. September 9, 2012.
562:Cross, Mary (2013).
486:"Ruth Mosko Handler"
347:United Jewish Appeal
337:, inducted into the
244:Harold "Matt" Matson
213:University of Denver
2086:Kitty Black Perkins
2032:Choose Your Fighter
1911:Secret Agent Barbie
1415:A Fashion Fairytale
1367:The Island Princess
669:The Washington Post
242:Business executive
47:Ruth Marianna Mosko
2334:Jews from Colorado
2329:American investors
2150:Willows, Wisconsin
1927:Vacation Adventure
1903:Sparkling Ice Show
1479:Princess Adventure
1375:The Diamond Castle
1351:The Barbie Diaries
889:on October 2, 2022
701:. January 29, 2016
416:The New York Times
371:In popular culture
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1823:Magic Hair Styler
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1620:Hawaiian Vacation
1383:A Christmas Carol
1198:Computer Engineer
334:Los Angeles Times
171:with her husband
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2136:Barbie's careers
1962:Barbie the Album
1919:Horse Adventures
1855:Detective Barbie
1799:Fashion Designer
1730:Other animations
1692:A Touch of Magic
1569:Magical Universe
1439:A Mermaid Tale 2
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2106:Carol Spencer
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2039:Barbie Dreams
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2019:
2015:
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1839:Nail Designer
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1503:Mermaid Power
1500:
1497:
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1471:Dolphin Magic
1468:
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1230:Earring Magic
1228:
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575:9781610690867
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205:Polish-Jewish
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147:2, including
146:
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88:President of
87:
83:
71:
67:
62:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2154:
2140:
2121:
2096:Tom Forsythe
2066:Ruth Handler
2065:
2047:
2011:I'm Just Ken
1983:Barbie World
1960:
1951:
1930:(unreleased)
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1871:Super Sports
1869:
1861:
1853:
1845:
1837:
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1805:
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1709:
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1684:It Takes Two
1682:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1636:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1550:Barbenheimer
1536:
1517:
1509:
1501:
1493:
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1469:
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1373:
1365:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1208:Totally Hair
1069:Ruth Handler
1052:
1045:
1038:
1028:
1001:. Retrieved
997:
988:
976:. Retrieved
971:
962:
950:. Retrieved
946:
936:
924:. Retrieved
915:
903:
891:. Retrieved
887:the original
882:
873:
863:February 29,
861:. Retrieved
841:
821:
810:
804:. p. 9.
801:
791:
779:. Retrieved
774:
765:
753:. Retrieved
749:
725:. Retrieved
715:
705:February 10,
703:. Retrieved
698:
689:
677:. Retrieved
668:
658:
649:
640:
628:. Retrieved
624:
597:. Retrieved
593:
584:
564:
557:
545:. Retrieved
540:
531:
519:. Retrieved
515:
505:
493:. Retrieved
489:
448:. Retrieved
444:
420:. Retrieved
414:
404:
391:
383:Rhea Perlman
376:
374:
365:colon cancer
362:
351:
332:
330:
319:
312:
299:
288:
280:
264:
258:
254:
241:
226:
210:
198:
186:
184:
177:
160:
156:
155:
98:Notable work
74:(2002-04-27)
25:Ruth Handler
18:
2244:2002 deaths
2239:1916 births
1990:Speed Drive
1946:Barbie Girl
1922:(2003–2008)
1858:(1998–2000)
1847:Riding Club
1791:Super Model
1758:Video games
1703:TV specials
1679:(2018–2020)
1671:(2016–2018)
1663:(2012–2015)
1530:Live-action
1262:The Rockers
1003:January 11,
998:www.bbc.com
978:January 11,
952:January 11,
893:January 12,
834:1700–1799:
814:1634–1699:
775:history.com
755:December 4,
750:History Hit
699:Messy Nessy
630:December 4,
599:January 20,
450:January 23,
381:by actress
309:Later years
165:Barbie doll
92:(1945–1975)
2233:Categories
2123:Bild-Lilli
1815:Storymaker
1668:Dreamtopia
1391:Thumbelina
1335:Fairytopia
1220:Dreamhouse
495:January 7,
396:References
358:no contest
326:Betty Ford
323:first lady
261:Bild Lilli
195:Early life
85:Occupation
53:1916-11-04
2091:Al Carbee
2071:Jack Ryan
1783:Game Girl
1597:Toy Story
1590:The Tribe
1545:accolades
1319:Swan Lake
1203:Teen Talk
1193:Diversity
1139:Biography
883:USA Today
291:Jack Ryan
233:Plexiglas
109:Successor
2218:Category
2004:Man I Am
1895:Explorer
1311:Rapunzel
1294:Animated
1277:My Scene
1127:Colorado
926:July 11,
920:Archived
839:(1992).
819:(1997).
781:July 31,
727:March 8,
673:Archived
547:July 23,
516:ABC News
422:June 12,
144:Children
2115:Related
1561:Related
1541:(2023)
1267:Skipper
1242:Francie
1189:Barbie
1089:Portals
1055:(2000)
1048:(1999).
679:May 26,
650:Youtube
521:July 6,
269:Lucerne
149:Kenneth
138:
130:
2294:Barbie
2059:People
2048:Barbie
1997:Watati
1914:(2002)
1906:(2002)
1898:(2001)
1890:(2001)
1882:(2000)
1874:(1999)
1866:(1999)
1850:(1998)
1842:(1998)
1834:(1997)
1826:(1997)
1818:(1997)
1810:(1997)
1802:(1996)
1794:(1993)
1786:(1992)
1778:(1991)
1775:Barbie
1770:(1984)
1767:Barbie
1749:(2005)
1741:(2004)
1722:(1987)
1714:(1987)
1695:(2023)
1687:(2022)
1631:(2019)
1623:(2011)
1615:(2010)
1607:(1999)
1538:Barbie
1522:(2023)
1514:(2022)
1506:(2022)
1498:(2021)
1490:(2021)
1482:(2020)
1474:(2017)
1466:(2016)
1458:(2014)
1450:(2012)
1442:(2012)
1434:(2011)
1426:(2011)
1418:(2010)
1410:(2010)
1402:(2009)
1394:(2009)
1386:(2008)
1378:(2008)
1370:(2007)
1362:(2006)
1354:(2006)
1346:(2005)
1338:(2005)
1330:(2004)
1322:(2003)
1314:(2002)
1306:(2001)
1272:Teresa
1215:Basics
1176:Barbie
1057:online
1033:online
572:
378:Barbie
277:Vienna
273:ZĂĽrich
251:Barbie
229:Lucite
223:Mattel
201:Denver
188:Barbie
173:Elliot
169:Mattel
119:Spouse
103:Barbie
90:Mattel
61:Denver
2050:score
2025:Angel
1938:Music
1286:Films
1257:Nikki
1252:Midge
1237:Allan
1183:Dolls
846:(PDF)
826:(PDF)
161:Mosko
159:(née
132:(
128:
2129:doll
1969:Pink
1103:Toys
1073:IMDb
1005:2024
980:2024
972:TIME
954:2024
928:2023
895:2013
865:2024
783:2023
757:2023
729:2014
707:2018
681:2023
632:2023
601:2014
570:ISBN
549:2015
523:2023
497:2015
452:2017
424:2015
282:Bild
231:and
69:Died
43:Born
1225:Ken
1078:doi
1071:at
947:CNN
594:PBS
302:Ken
275:or
2235::
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970:.
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432:^
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191:.
134:m.
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2030:"
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2023:"
2020:"
2016:"
2013:"
2009:"
2006:"
2002:"
1999:"
1995:"
1992:"
1988:"
1985:"
1981:"
1978:"
1974:"
1971:"
1967:"
1944:"
1628:4
1612:3
1604:2
1168:e
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759:.
731:.
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499:.
454:.
426:.
284:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
