532:, stating that it considers the ETA-IL to be a violation of the existing visa-free agreement between the two nations that had been in place since 2010. In response to Israel's decision, Ukraine announced it would implement similar pre-approval requirements for Israeli citizens. This reciprocal action was confirmed by the Ukrainian Embassy in Israel on June 20, 2024. These measures are intended to mirror the additional requirements imposed by Israel, including the requirement for visitors to the Rosh Hashana kibbutz.
46:
31:
521:) in 2018 that an Israeli diplomat told him that "roughly only half of those who come to Uman do so for religious reasons, and the other half are simply the dregs who come to get drunk" Pfeffer himself did not find any evidence of prostitution in Uman. In September 2010, ten Hasidic pilgrims were deported back to Israel and banned from Ukraine.
579:
In
September 2013, three Israeli police officers were deported after getting involved in a bar brawl during the Rosh Hashanah gathering in Uman. In the 2014 pilgrimage, organizers were fined $ 15,000 by the city of Uman for illegally operating a "tent city" to house 2,500 pilgrims. The controversy is
381:
in Moscow became the official organizer of the Rosh
Hashana kibbutz. Hasidim from throughout the Soviet Union would contact him for details about each year's event, and he wrote letters to others, encouraging them to continue this practice of being with Rebbe Nachman for Rosh Hashana despite the long
337:
Despite the
Communist ban on public prayer gatherings, Breslover Hasidim in the Soviet Union continued to gather clandestinely every Rosh Hashana during the 1920s and 1930s. In 1934, the Soviets ostensibly granted permission for 28 Hasidim to travel to Uman for Rosh Hashana. In fact, it was a ruse to
455:
opened the gates entirely. Between 700 and 900 Hasidim gathered in Uman for Rosh
Hashana 1989. In 1990, 2,000 Hasidim attended. Large factory sites were called into service to house the crowd. The numbers have continued to grow apace. The Rosh Hashana kibbutz in Uman surpassed the 10,000-person mark
139:
lessons taught by the Rebbe. When asked why Rosh
Hashana was so significant, Rebbe Nachman explained, "My Rosh Hashana is greater than everything. I cannot understand how it is that if my followers really believe in me, they are not all scrupulous about being with me for Rosh Hashana. No one should
247:
The annual Rosh
Hashana pilgrimage effectively redirected the focus of Breslover Hasidut from the town of Breslov to the town of Uman. Today, the town of Breslov is considered a side-trip for visitors to Ukraine, as the only sites of interest to Breslover Hasidim there are the graves of Reb Nosson
548:
pilots have complained about pilgrims abusing drugs and hard liquor and harassing fellow passengers to
Ukraine. Common complaints from Uman residents relate to the loud noise, singing, rowdiness, widespread drinking, drug use, and fighting the pilgrims cause. Locals have also complained about the
502:
In
September 2014, a statement issued by the association of Breslov rabbis called on women to cease visiting the gravesite because the presence of women could detract from the sacredness of prayers said by male worshippers. According to the statement the increasing presence of women has created a
175:
We see that on Rosh
Hashana, Jews flock to the synagogue, to their leaders. They come from all the towns and villages to be together on Rosh Hashana. This is because the Jewish People are likened to a flock of sheep who gather around their shepherd. When the shepherd wishes to call his flock, he
575:
to preach their faith, leading to 10 pilgrims being deported. A few days later, ten pilgrims were deported back to Israel and banned from
Ukraine for five years for disrupting public order and causing bodily harm to citizens. At the end of September 2010, an Israeli was stabbed and killed in an
147:
after Rosh Hashana, when he would have more space to pray, eat and sleep, the Rebbe replied, "Whether you eat or don't eat; whether you sleep or don't sleep; whether you pray or don't pray (i.e. with the proper concentration); just make sure to be with me for Rosh Hashana, no matter what!"
604:
in 2018 that an Israeli diplomat told him that "roughly only half of those who come to Uman do so for religious reasons, and the other half are simply the dregs who come to get drunk, take drugs and visit prostitutes," Pfeffer himself did not find any evidence of prostitution in Uman.
593:
In 2010, an Israeli police officer sent to monitor security commented "people get drunk and act crazy in the streets, go out to pubs and hit on women and harass them. They do all types of things that they would never do in Israel, but they come out here and feel like they can do it."
503:"huge spiritual interruption." Others defend their position stating that the enormous volume of male worshippers would mitigate the possibility of proper separation of the genders. They say that this separation is necessary to stay focused on the sacred mission of the pilgrimage.
155:
on Rosh Hashana is a time-honored practice which helps to mitigate and "sweeten" Heavenly decrees at their source, at the beginning of the new year. The Rebbe also mentioned before the last Rosh Hashana of his life (in 1810) that there were people who were unable to achieve their
369:
The Rosh Hashana pilgrimage resumed on a drastically smaller scale in 1948, when 11 Hasidim independently traveled from cities throughout the Soviet Union to Uman for Rosh Hashana. From then until the 1970s, when most of the remaining Hasidim were permitted to emigrate to
184:
that Rebbe Nachman had stressed the importance of the Rosh Hashana kibbutz that year because he wanted them to continue to "be with him" for the holiday even after his death. He encouraged them to continue to gather at the Rebbe's gravesite in Uman every Rosh Hashana.
213:
was unable to accommodate them. Fearing that people would stop attending the kibbutz, Reb Noson acquired a property, applied for a government permit, raised funds and oversaw the construction of a large Breslover synagogue in Uman in 1834. Also defined as a
506:
In recent years there has been frequent friction between the predominantly Israeli Hasidic pilgrims and Uman locals, many of whom resent the cordoning off of neighborhoods by police and the internal trade that has developed among pilgrims. Sources at
421:
Hasidim made their way to Uman, both legally and illegally, to pray at the grave of Rebbe Nachman. Sometimes the government issued individual tourist visas to Uman, but no one was allowed to stay in the city overnight. In 1975, however, Rabbi
385:
In the 1960s, when the majority of Hasidim in the Breslover movement resided outside the Soviet Union, Rebbe Nachman's gravesite began to turn from being an internal Russian destination to an international one. A young New York Hasid named
338:
discover their identities - 16 were murdered while still in Uman and 12 were exiled to Siberia. Only four of the exiles survived. In 1936, the authorities shut down the kloyz built by Reb Noson and turned it into a metalworking factory.
456:
in 2000. In 2005, approximately 20,000 men and boys from all countries and all backgrounds converged on the town for the annual event. In 2008, the numbers reached 25,000. In 2018 40,000 Jews, nearly entirely men, visit Uman.
103:
gatherings of Breslover Hasidim in other locales around the world. In recent years the pilgrimage to Uman has attracted Jewish seekers from all levels of religious observance and affiliation, including introducing
498:
ceremony, held on the afternoon of the holiday. Thousands of Hasidim, dressed entirely in white, sing and dance through the streets of Uman as they make their way down to the river to perform this holiday ritual.
176:
blows his horn. This is the reason for the blowing of the shofar on Rosh Hashana. The shepherd, the true tzaddik, is calling his "flock" together, seeking ways to help each one of them fulfill his destiny."
406:
and that he did not speak Yiddish or Russian in order to protect his identity. Had the participants known that a foreign citizen was in their midst, they would have quit the kibbutz immediately.
358:
In 1947, the city of Uman planned to raze the cemetery and build a housing project in its stead. Hasidim of Breslov, led by Zanvil Lubarski, mobilized to buy the property. With the assistance of
193:
Reb Nosson arranged the first Rosh Hashana kibbutz the following year (1811) and continued to run it until his death in 1844. In the following decades, hundreds of Hasidim arrived annually from
571:
The pilgrimage has led to several clashes over the years. In September 2010, several cases of violence and riots broke out among pilgrims after members of the Evangelical Church arrived from
914:
474:
Despite the dormitory-style accommodations, the gathering is infused with much spiritual devotion and unity of purpose. Besides the communal prayer services, Torah classes are conducted in
576:
altercation that broke out following the vandalism of a car owned by Jews. Allegedly, his stabbing was a retaliation for the stabbing and wounding of a local (Ukrainian) by an Israeli.
374:, only between 9 and 13 Hasidim braved the annual trip. They were often forced to change the location of their prayer services from year to year to escape discovery by the authorities.
586:. In 2015, pilgrims staying in a residential tower began tossing rocks and bottles from above onto a car, and when at one point a local policeman's hat was knocked off, police with
688:
171:("Reb Noson"), the Rebbe's closest disciple and leader of the movement after the Rebbe's death, expounded on the meaning of Rebbe Nachman's Rosh Hashana in this way:
224:
In each generation, the most pious representatives of the movement were honored with leading the prayer services at the annual Rosh Hashana kibbutz. They included:
229:
423:
275:, a Breslover Hasid in Poland who drew thousands of his countrymen closer to the Hasidut in the 1920s and 1930s, established a Rosh Hashana kibbutz in
221:
Reb Noson once said, "Even if the road to Uman were paved with knives, I would crawl there — just so I could be with my Rebbe on Rosh Hashanah!"
241:
387:
922:
663:
560:
smoking is prevalent amongst the pilgrims, many of them young men, with some describing it as a party event. Participants have been seen taking
781:
17:
1042:
434:
and continuing international pressure finally forced the Soviet government to permit 250 foreign citizens to stay in Uman over Rosh Hashana.
402:, not to Uman. Fleer returned to Uman in 1965 to join the Rosh Hashana kibbutz with 12 other Soviet Hasidim. Fleer pretended to be from the
851:
366:
the property was purchased from the city. Lubarski then located the gravesite by finding the wooden beams that were part of the structure.
1136:
1072:
1309:
1299:
994:
525:
390:
was the first foreign citizen to enter Uman without permission in 1963, with Dorfman's help. The Soviets would only issue tourist
1115:
629:
1304:
1173:
582:
1289:
1284:
403:
1249:
1294:
1229:
1210:
1191:
180:
Rebbe Nachman died in October 1810 and was buried in the Uman cemetery. Afterwards, Reb Noson explained to the other
430:
at the Rebbe's gravesite on the eve of Rosh Hashana with 11 other men and spent the holiday in the city. In 1988,
797:
322:
around 1929. He participated in three Rosh Hashana kibbutzim in Uman before he was discovered and arrested for
1093:
1030:
131:
during his lifetime. He strongly encouraged his followers to spend each Rosh Hashana with him in the town of
464:
966:
564:
on the pilgrimage. Dancing in the streets to trance music is common and the event has been likened to the
1274:
789:
511:
have also complained about Hasidic pilgrim “passengers who arrive to the plane drunk, or even drugged".
1221:
1202:
1183:
1165:
341:
The Rosh Hashana kibbutz was relocated to a rented apartment in 1936 and 1937. The last kibbutz before
1264:
940:
858:
326:. After spending three months in a Soviet prison, Horowitz was released with the intervention of the
70:
549:
cordoning off of neighborhoods by police and the internal trade that has developed among pilgrims.
1045:
How Do You Say Shofar in Ukrainian? The strange and wonderful Hasidic pilgrimage to Uman, Ukraine.
160:(self-rectification) all year, nor was he able to help them then. On Rosh Hashana, however, these
848:
135:. Hundreds of followers would gather for the holiday prayer service, festive meals, and special
1269:
426:, the official American representative of Breslover Hasidut, received permission to conduct a
113:
1060:
977:
883:
689:
My Pilgrimage Into the Jewish Future: Partying, Praying, Prostitution and Absolution in Uman
345:
was held in 1938. Twenty-seven Hasidim risked their lives to participate in this gathering.
271:. Uman became a "closed city" and foreigners were strictly prohibited from entering. Rabbi
260:
233:
8:
995:"Uman: Riot erupts between pilgrims and Ukrainian police - Jewish World - Jerusalem Post"
785:
667:
945:
541:
508:
331:
295:), which continue to this day. Later, other Rosh Hashana kibbutzim were established in
128:
39:
1225:
1206:
1187:
1169:
793:
315:
292:
168:
99:, (annually 40,000 Jews, nearly entirely men visit Uman) but also refers to sizable
1073:"Yanukovych orders to control investigation into murder of Israeli citizen in Uman"
487:
483:
475:
272:
1048:
855:
587:
553:
491:
479:
391:
181:
88:
73:
58:
884:"Women asked not to visit Breslov rabbi's grave - Israel Jewish Scene, Ynetnews"
595:
512:
378:
237:
225:
105:
1279:
1258:
621:
414:
323:
296:
288:
625:
348:
342:
319:
253:
100:
35:
318:, was the last foreign citizen to sneak across the Polish border into the
630:
Ukraine declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 24 August 1991
565:
463:
holiday meals for all participants, temporary lodgings, an infirmary and
327:
69:: קיבוצים, "gathering" or "ingathering") is a large prayer assemblage of
355:
decimated the numbers of Breslover Hasidim living in the Soviet Union.
27:
Large prayer assemblage of Breslover Hasidim held on the Jewish New Year
446:
300:
119:
Hasidic pilgrims and local Uman residents annually come into conflict.
84:
664:
In first, Israel sets up temporary consulate in Uman for Rosh Hashanah
1236:
1077:
918:
352:
284:
210:
202:
811:"אל אוקראינה: ההיסטוריה של גילוי קבר רבי נחמן והנסיעה ההמונית לאומן"
810:
1137:""A tale of wandering souls" - interview with Krzysztof Kopczyński"
557:
495:
452:
439:
431:
418:
410:
132:
109:
80:
45:
978:
Watch: Fighting on Uman-bound flight, shenanigans at Kiev airport
692:
600:
517:
304:
198:
194:
152:
144:
96:
1116:"Uman fines Jewish community for pilgrims' unlicensed tent city"
143:
To one follower who said he preferred to visit the Rebbe on the
529:
468:
460:
459:
Coordinators of the Rosh Hashana kibbutz fly in fully catered,
427:
399:
371:
359:
280:
276:
268:
264:
218:, it housed the annual Rosh Hashana kibbutz through the 1930s.
206:
870:
572:
545:
311:
215:
136:
30:
437:
395:
363:
92:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
941:"Uman: Riot erupts between pilgrims and Ukrainian police"
561:
209:. So many joined the pilgrimage, in fact, that the local
77:
1218:
Through Fire and Water: The Life of Reb Noson of Breslov
494:. A visual highlight of the Rosh Hashana kibbutz is the
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
646:
188:
151:
Elsewhere, Rebbe Nachman explained that traveling to a
1250:
Ayelet Hashachar: Kibbutzim & Community Synagogues
259:
The Rosh Hashana pilgrimage ground to a halt with the
127:
The first Rosh Hashana kibbutz was initiated by Rebbe
673:
1237:
Uman: What you Need to Know About the City of Souls
382:journey and the threat of government surveillance.
167:In 1843, on the last Rosh Hashana of his own life,
122:
524:In June 2024, Ukraine declared its stance on the
251:
1256:
912:
1033:By NATAN ODENHEIMER, 10/02/2016, Jerusalem Post
988:
986:
140:be missing! Rosh Hashana is my whole mission."
782:A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples
112:. This has added to Breslov's position in the
1094:"Israeli cops sent home after Uman bar fight"
980:Itay Blumental|Published: 06.10.16, ynetnews
983:
971:
915:"Ten Hasidic pilgrims deported from Ukraine"
967:Israel, Ukraine to suspend visa-free regime
580:the subject of the 2015 documentary film,
1036:
1024:
934:
932:
263:of 1917, which sealed the border between
849:"Hasidic Jews celebrate holiday in Uman"
526:Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA-IL)
44:
29:
14:
1257:
1113:
1091:
1031:Rosh Hashana in Uman: A Jewish anarchy
929:
908:
906:
904:
881:
291:(the latter at the gravesite of Rabbi
283:established Rosh Hashana kibbutzim in
583:The Dybbuk. A Tale of Wandering Souls
409:From the 1960s until the end of the
189:Pilgrimage established by Reb Nosson
999:The Jerusalem Post | Jpost.com
992:
938:
901:
882:Heller, Moshe (24 September 2014).
861:, 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2009-07-31.
590:were called to scatter the crowd.
62:
24:
25:
1321:
1300:Jewish Russian and Soviet history
1243:
913:Interfax-Ukraine (Sep 10, 2010).
754:Likutey Halachos, Netilas Yadayim
871:Uman Emergency Clinic home page.
438:Pilgrimage since the end of the
83:. It specifically refers to the
1129:
1114:Reback, Gedalyah (2014-09-25).
1107:
1092:Reback, Gedalyah (2013-09-08).
1085:
1065:
1059:Breslov Hasid murdered in Uman
1053:
1012:
960:
875:
864:
842:
829:
803:
615:
279:for their benefit. Hasidim who
123:Rosh Hashana with Rebbe Nachman
817:(in Hebrew). 10 September 2017
775:
763:
747:
735:
722:
710:
698:
535:
18:Rosh Hashana kibbutz (Breslov)
13:
1:
1310:Israel–Soviet Union relations
639:
544:, other Israeli tourists and
465:emergency medical technicians
310:Shmuel Horowitz, a native of
248:and other Breslover figures.
800:(page 563/564 & 722/723)
7:
1178:Greenbaum, Avraham (1987).
790:University of Toronto Press
10:
1326:
1290:Hasidic Judaism in Ukraine
1285:History of Cherkasy Oblast
1222:Breslov Research Institute
1203:Breslov Research Institute
1199:Crossing the Narrow Bridge
1184:Breslov Research Institute
1166:Breslov Research Institute
1019:Rabbi rolling in his grave
730:Crossing the Narrow Bridge
444:
404:Soviet Republic of Georgia
859:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
1305:Israel–Ukraine relations
1295:Jewish Ukrainian history
1160:Fleer, Gedaliah (2005).
1021:, Akiva Novick, 14.09.10
756:6:89, quoted in Kramer,
608:
377:Beginning in the 1950s,
334:, and returned in 1933.
87:of tens of thousands of
1235:Levine, Rabbi Menachem
451:In 1989 the end of the
447:Uman § Controversy
1197:Kramer, Chaim (1989).
758:Through Fire and Water
528:system implemented by
413:1989, several hundred
394:to larger cities like
330:of Mandate Palestine,
178:
50:
42:
173:
114:Baal teshuva movement
48:
33:
261:Bolshevik Revolution
234:Levi Yitzchok Bender
116:of Jewish outreach.
110:Hasidic spirituality
55:Rosh Hashana kibbutz
1118:. Timesofisrael.com
1096:. Timesofisrael.com
786:Paul Robert Magocsi
695:(15 September 2018)
668:The Times of Israel
281:emigrated to Israel
164:could be effected.
49:The kibbutz in 2010
1275:Jewish pilgrimages
946:The Jerusalem Post
854:2010-05-14 at the
554:alcoholic drinking
542:Ben Gurion airport
509:Ben Gurion airport
332:Abraham Isaac Kook
252:Pilgrimage in the
230:Abraham Sternhartz
129:Nachman of Breslov
51:
43:
40:Nachman of Breslov
34:Pilgrimage to the
1174:978-1-928822-05-9
424:Herschel Wasilski
316:Mandate Palestine
293:Shimon bar Yochai
169:Nathan of Breslov
16:(Redirected from
1317:
1265:Breslov Hasidism
1162:Against All Odds
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
990:
981:
975:
969:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
936:
927:
926:
921:. Archived from
910:
899:
898:
896:
895:
879:
873:
868:
862:
846:
840:
837:Against All Odds
833:
827:
826:
824:
822:
807:
801:
779:
773:
767:
761:
751:
745:
739:
733:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
686:
671:
670:(29 August 2018)
661:
633:
628:from 1920 until
624:was part of the
619:
588:German Shepherds
273:Yitzchok Breiter
64:
21:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1216:Kramer, Chaim.
1157:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1121:
1119:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1097:
1090:
1086:
1081:. Sep 27, 2010.
1071:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1049:Menachem Kaiser
1041:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1013:
1004:
1002:
991:
984:
976:
972:
965:
961:
951:
949:
937:
930:
911:
902:
893:
891:
880:
876:
869:
865:
856:Wayback Machine
847:
843:
834:
830:
820:
818:
809:
808:
804:
780:
776:
770:Tovot Zichronot
768:
764:
752:
748:
740:
736:
727:
723:
715:
711:
703:
699:
687:
674:
662:
647:
642:
637:
636:
620:
616:
611:
538:
449:
443:
257:
242:Itzel Korsinski
191:
125:
91:to the city of
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1323:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1244:External links
1242:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1214:
1195:
1176:
1155:
1154:
1128:
1106:
1084:
1064:
1052:
1035:
1023:
1011:
993:Hartman, Ben.
982:
970:
959:
939:Hartman, Ben.
928:
925:on 2019-08-18.
900:
890:. Ynetnews.com
874:
863:
841:
828:
802:
774:
762:
746:
734:
721:
709:
697:
672:
644:
643:
641:
638:
635:
634:
613:
612:
610:
607:
596:Anshel Pfeffer
537:
534:
515:reported (for
513:Anshel Pfeffer
442:
436:
388:Gedaliah Fleer
379:Michel Dorfman
256:
250:
238:Michel Dorfman
226:Nachman Chazan
190:
187:
124:
121:
106:Sephardic Jews
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1322:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1270:Rosh Hashanah
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1230:0-930213-44-0
1227:
1223:
1220:. Jerusalem:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:0-930213-40-8
1208:
1204:
1201:. Jerusalem:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:0-930213-17-3
1189:
1185:
1182:. Jerusalem:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1164:. Jerusalem:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1143:. 29 May 2015
1142:
1138:
1132:
1117:
1110:
1095:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1000:
996:
989:
987:
979:
974:
968:
963:
948:
947:
942:
935:
933:
924:
920:
916:
909:
907:
905:
889:
885:
878:
872:
867:
860:
857:
853:
850:
845:
838:
832:
816:
812:
806:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
778:
771:
766:
759:
755:
750:
743:
738:
731:
725:
718:
713:
706:
701:
694:
690:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
669:
665:
660:
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
645:
631:
627:
623:
618:
614:
606:
603:
602:
598:reported for
597:
591:
589:
585:
584:
577:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
547:
543:
540:Personnel of
533:
531:
527:
522:
520:
519:
514:
510:
504:
500:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
457:
454:
448:
441:
435:
433:
429:
425:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
383:
380:
375:
373:
367:
365:
362:Hasidim from
361:
356:
354:
350:
346:
344:
339:
335:
333:
329:
325:
324:illegal entry
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
298:
297:New York City
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
255:
249:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
219:
217:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
186:
183:
177:
172:
170:
165:
163:
159:
154:
149:
146:
141:
138:
134:
130:
120:
117:
115:
111:
107:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
75:
72:
68:
60:
56:
47:
41:
37:
32:
19:
1217:
1198:
1179:
1161:
1145:. Retrieved
1140:
1131:
1120:. Retrieved
1109:
1098:. Retrieved
1087:
1076:
1067:
1061:ynetnews.com
1055:
1044:
1038:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1003:. Retrieved
998:
973:
962:
952:10 September
950:. Retrieved
944:
923:the original
892:. Retrieved
887:
877:
866:
844:
836:
831:
819:. Retrieved
814:
805:
777:
769:
765:
757:
753:
749:
741:
737:
729:
724:
716:
712:
704:
700:
626:Soviet Union
617:
599:
592:
581:
578:
570:
551:
539:
523:
516:
505:
501:
473:
458:
450:
408:
384:
376:
368:
357:
349:World War II
347:
343:World War II
340:
336:
320:Soviet Union
309:
258:
254:Soviet Union
246:
223:
220:
192:
179:
174:
166:
161:
157:
150:
142:
126:
118:
101:Rosh Hashana
76:held on the
66:
54:
52:
1141:Polish Docs
1001:. Jpost.com
821:10 December
566:Burning Man
536:Controversy
328:Chief Rabbi
1259:Categories
1122:2015-05-30
1100:2015-05-30
1005:2015-05-30
894:2015-05-30
798:1442610212
640:References
568:festival.
445:See also:
301:Manchester
85:pilgrimage
65:; plural:
1078:Kyiv Post
919:Kyiv Post
839:, p. 156.
772:, p. 137.
760:, p. 512.
732:, p. 363.
353:Holocaust
285:Jerusalem
211:synagogue
203:Lithuania
71:Breslover
67:kibbutzim
38:of Rabbi
1239:Aish.com
888:Ynetnews
852:Archived
792:, 2010,
728:Kramer,
558:cannabis
496:Tashlikh
453:Cold War
440:Cold War
432:glasnost
415:American
411:Cold War
351:and the
162:tikkunim
81:New Year
1180:Tzaddik
1147:15 June
835:Fleer,
815:כל הזמן
742:Tzaddik
717:Tzaddik
705:Tzaddik
693:Haaretz
622:Ukraine
601:Haaretz
518:Haaretz
488:Russian
484:English
476:Yiddish
419:Israeli
305:England
299:and in
287:and in
199:Belarus
195:Ukraine
182:Hasidim
153:tzaddik
145:Shabbat
133:Breslov
97:Ukraine
89:Hasidim
74:Hasidim
1228:
1209:
1190:
1172:
796:
552:Heavy
530:Israel
492:French
490:, and
480:Hebrew
469:Israel
461:kosher
428:minyan
400:Odessa
372:Israel
360:Chabad
277:Lublin
269:Poland
265:Russia
240:, and
207:Poland
158:tikkun
78:Jewish
59:Hebrew
1047:, By
744:#406.
719:#404.
707:#403.
609:Notes
573:Odesa
546:El Al
467:from
392:visas
312:Safed
289:Meron
216:kloyz
137:Torah
63:קיבוץ
1280:Uman
1226:ISBN
1207:ISBN
1188:ISBN
1170:ISBN
1149:2015
954:2010
823:2020
794:ISBN
556:and
417:and
398:and
396:Kiev
364:Lviv
267:and
205:and
93:Uman
53:The
36:ohel
784:by
562:LSD
108:to
1261::
1224:.
1205:.
1186:.
1168:.
1139:.
1075:.
997:.
985:^
943:.
931:^
917:.
903:^
886:.
813:.
788:,
691:,
675:^
666:,
648:^
486:,
482:,
478:,
471:.
314:,
307:.
303:,
244:.
236:,
232:,
228:,
201:,
197:,
95:,
61::
1232:.
1213:.
1194:.
1151:.
1125:.
1103:.
1008:.
956:.
897:.
825:.
632:.
57:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.JPG)