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Roots revival

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735:: Early Zionist settlers in Palestine, as far back as the 1880s, sought to create a new mode of Jewish folk music that was based on Biblical musical modes that had long since been abandoned. These composers, who included Matityahu Shelem, Yedidia Admon, and many others, drew on Yemenite, Arabic and other antique sources to create a unique style that they considered a revival of ancient Jewish music. The songs that they and their followers composed constitute a canonical body of folk music called "Songs of the Land of Israel." These songs are still widely performed today by popular artists. 46: 1291:. There were also revivals of Acadian, Inuit and other folk styles. In the 1950s and 1960s dedicated folk music collectors spread out across the country to record traditional music. The songs and tunes were popularized on public radio by performers such as Alan Mills, Stu Davis, Marg Osborne, and the 208:
could be seen as referring to the creation of any kind of pop music industry, though there are countries with well-developed pop traditions that have not had a period referred to as a roots revival (such as Jamaica, India, Cuba, and Kenya). For example, homogenized pop has long had its fans in most
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has also seen a revival, though with little popular success, concurrent with the rise of Corsican nationalism in the 1970s. In the same way Occitan music, has also seen a revival with Occitan nationalism and reviviscence of occitan speaking in 60's (politic crisis with Gaullists to a clash with
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selling millions of record albums. The folk revival in the US led to the creation of folk rock, a new genre that drew on songs and themes associated with folk music and arranged them with rock ‘n’ roll instruments. Many of the early artists and groups associated with the genre began as folk
152:) is a trend which includes young performers popularizing the traditional musical styles of their ancestors. Often, roots revivals include an addition of newly composed songs with socially and politically aware lyrics, as well as a general modernization of the folk sound. 687:: Following the 1968 student revolution in West Germany, singer-songwriters playing a kind of expressive, melancholy music with traditional influences became popular. Due to governmental interference, East Germany did not see much of this influence until the mid-1970s. 899:, but did not allow for much lyrical or musical innovation, and kept all songwriters from experimenting with politically aware and dissident lyrics. An active cultural rebellion occurred in the 1960s, based around a series of national music festivals and concerts. 185:
Lyrics are the first from the nation to express more than simple desires and problems, and are often seen as the embodiment of a national character or literary tradition (in comparison to the legendary American songwriter, such composers are often said to be the
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who was the most influential on the repertoire of subsequent performers and defining the nature of folk song. His lectures and other publications attempted to define a musical tradition that was rural in origin, oral in transmission and communal in nature.
619:: Similar to other Celtic nations, traditional Galician gaita (bagpipe) can now be heard all over the country. It had a revival at the beginning of the XX century and then again a stronger revival by the end of the dictatorship in Spain in the 1970s. 1315:, was academic. It involved the collection of songs and tunes and their publication in journals. It was at its peak about 1910. The second revival involved large-scale public performances of English music, beginning with the appearance of the 931:
also became popularized. However, by the 1980s, Malian pop had lost most traces of its folk origins and was simply dance music, even topping the European charts; another roots revival occurred, led by Guinean acoustic singer and kora player
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movement spread throughout Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and Peru, featuring a wave of singer-songwriters who incorporated folk elements and nationalist lyrics, often critical of governmental authorities, and achieved great acclaim.
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in the same period was also important; higher potential profits from music placed pressure on artists, songwriters, and label executives to replicate previous hit songs. This meant that musical fads, such as Hawaiian
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were inspired by American popular folk singers, and they took to modernizing and adapting Irish music for modern audiences. The result was a dramatic change from folk traditions, including the introduction of the
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Another example of roots revival in Israel is the preservation of regional Jewish musical styles. The music of North African and Middle Eastern Jewish communities has morphed into an eclectic new style called
763:: The diverse regions of Italy are home to dozens of varieties of folk music. By the 1950s, their popularity was declining rapidly and a group of musicians and musicologists founded organizations like 1174:
was incorporated into Spanish Baroque music in the harpsichord works of Soler. Later composers such as Albeniz, Falla, Rodrigo and Giuliani used the dance rhythms of Spain. The classical guitarists
944:: Music was used in the 1960s by the independence movement in Mozambique. Leaders in this movement encouraged the growth of a national music industry. By the 1970s, native forms of music, such as 1335:: There was a revival of Irish folk music that began in the early 20th century, based both in Dublin and Ireland, though the longer-lasting and more famous revival began in 1955 with the album " 1162:
had been popular in the Dominican Republic for decades since evolving out of confusing folk origins, but did not truly become a form of pop music until the early 1960s, when legends like
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style of music, which has been popular throughout the 20th century. By the late 1960s, however, the pop scene was dominated by generic guitar bands that imitated Western acts. The 1971
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style incorporates a number of folk genres from across Côte d'Ivoire, a diverse country with hundred of ethnic groups; Djédjé's most immediate influence was the folk rhythms of the
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peoples, and a number of intellectuals began associating themselves with folk music, clothing, cuisine and other elements. By the mid-1960s, a folk revival was blossoming, led by
3560: 780: 536: 448: 463:: Partially as a reaction against attempts by the Communist government to use traditional styles to drum up patriotism and loyalty, the 1970s saw the creation of 548: 1492:, enjoyed considerable commercial success in the 1940s, leading to a broader commercial revival in the late 1950s through the mid-1960s with performers such as 1118:
is sometimes viewed as the founder of the scene, for she popularized Quechua and Aymara songs and provided an outlet for performances by future luminaries like
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Roots revival performers will often come from very different social and economic backgrounds compared to the people whose style of music they are popularizing.
1267:, had been integral parts of the 1960s American folk rock scene, Canada has seen its own distinctive revival of styles. This includes the late 1970s scene in 896: 1008:. In the 1980s, a completely different trend emerged, based on more archaic folk music, usually from specific regions; and it was popularized by groups like 968:
organized a number of concerts for folk singers. This led to a revival and revitalization of Russian folk songs, a trend which continued in ensuing decades.
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meeting mainly in the upper rooms of public houses. Starting in the late 1960s the songs were performed in a contemporary style; this was the origin of the
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was an academic movement to transcribe and record traditional British songs during the late 19th and early 20th century. Pioneers of this movement were the
2849: 876: 652: 1037:: In the 1960s, Andean nationalism was spreading across Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. Argentina's nativist scene includes landmark performers like 644: 209:
every country in the world, but many of these nations have created their own indigenous pop styles out of folk music; this process could be called a
1605: 924: 520: 1066: 980:, an indigenous people found in central and northern Scandinavia, northern Finland and northwestern Russia, have a tradition of folk songs called 1568: 1448:
specifically began to seek out traditional songs to incorporate them into their performance repertoire. A traditional music revival started the
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and other genres, and many artists were disillusioned with these styles, which were seen as watered-down. A vanguard of singer-songwriters like
409: 2304: 711:), which had the effect of legitimizing African culture, thus causing a major roots revival that brought highlife to international audiences. 296:, never died out completely, since a broad range of rhythms, instruments, and vocal stylings were incorporated into disparate popular genres. 648: 563:: The city of Cairo is the most important center for Egyptian music, which includes a variety of popularized folk styles, including northern 471:(in Hong Kong), both of which made some use of native folk styles, especially in vocal techniques. The leader of Chinese rock is undoubtedly 323:, no revival was necessary as the music remained common, and was merely popularized and adapted for mainstream audiences at home and abroad. 504: 2814: 2296: 451:
undoubtedly did the most to evolve bikutsi from its folk origins into a popular style using electric guitars and other importations, while
401: 1009: 599:. The region boasts a uniquely Celtic heritage, which has been emphasized by the revival since its beginnings in the early 1970s, led by 1452:
that began in the 1940s and led to a new genre, contemporary folk music. A group of American archivists and researchers that included
784: 1694: 1955: 803:: Though elements of traditional Japanese music can be found in some rock and pop from the country, the only major roots revival was 568: 564: 915:, encouraged the growth of a Malian music industry, resulting in a revival of some kinds of folk music, and a popularization led by 235: 2728: 911:
had become extremely popular in Mali by the 1960s, and little folk music could compete. The country's second president, however,
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to London to record saw a change, as they were encouraged to continue their practice of Gambian folk. The band became known as
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began collecting and recording 'trivial' music of minority groups. During the late 1920s and early 1930s, performers such as
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Incorporation of politically aware lyrics, often critical of a government, religion, or other authority, or society in general
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music, which later evolved into a number of new song forms that incorporated socio-political lyrics and foreign influences.
110: 2765: 1935: 595:: Though many of France's regional styles have seen popularization, the most vibrant scene is undoubtedly the traditional 179:
Composition of works by those who perform them, as opposed to folk tunes mostly passed down orally (see singer-songwriter)
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being revived were not quite extinct, though some had not been played for years or were moribund; such cases include the
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tradition. In contrast to many other countries', Italy's roots revival has resulted in very little mainstream success.
587:, the first of several similar festivals, contributed to a revival of Finnish opera and other more traditional styles. 1559:: During the 2010s, folk-inspired acts began to score chart hits in the UK, US and beyond. Most notably the UK group 3711: 2358: 1907: 1813: 632: 579:: Finland's folk styles include a variety of national genres and ballads, while the traditional rhyming sleigh songs 447:
into the end of the 20th century, Cameroon's popularized folk musics have become among the most prominent in Africa.
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is vague, and may not always refer to identical events. Characteristics associated with a roots revival include:
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The Rough Guide to World Music Vol. 2 (Including Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific)
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began turning to their native styles of folk music, which were updated, creating popular bands and styles like
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to help preserve folk cultures. The following decade saw a revival of a number of traditions, including
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and has become of the best selling Galician folk musicians. Galician artists also participate in the
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incorporates stylistic elements of the music of his native Iraq in his synthetic musical style.
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have created a popular version of Benin's numerous styles of indigenous folk music, such as
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singers spread to cities like Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. The growth of the
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popularised the music through their recordings. Current popular folk musicians include
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was founded in 1898 to promote this new endeavour. A major figure in this movement was
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This article is about roots revivals in general. For the international project, see
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Morrish, John, English Folk Dance and Song Society, Martin Carthy et al. (2007).
1695:"Fifteen Years Later, Bluegrass Is Still Reeling from O Brother, Where Art Thou?" 1621: 1546: 1268: 1251: 1244: 1073: 952: 928: 855: 828: 743:. Folksongs in Yiddish and Ladino have been revived and recorded by artists like 731: 715: 664: 591: 2656: 2413: 3728: 3673: 3634: 3302: 3124: 2974: 2914: 2899: 2780: 2466: 2428: 2398: 2205: 2142: 1465: 1360: 1340: 1300: 1183: 1170: 1163: 1105: 1094: 1058: 799: 772: 759: 704: 691: 659: 628: 559: 459: 424: 396: 288: 248: 1207: 1130:: By the 1960s, Cuban music had seen international success in the form of pop- 3780: 3612: 3538: 3341: 2984: 2979: 2837: 2775: 2693: 2609: 2604: 2554: 2373: 2319: 2049: 2037: 2022: 1995: 1988: 1983: 1550: 1542: 1538: 1514: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1441: 1385: 1372: 1356: 1316: 1264: 1131: 1126: 1115: 1062: 1038: 1017: 908: 903: 848: 831:
developed, performed by singer-songwriters inspired by the likes of American
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was held, and a wave of singer-songwriters inspired by the likes of American
353: 1913: 996:: in the 1950s, the so-called "folk popular music" emerged with groups like 3407: 3346: 3336: 3270: 3248: 3067: 3016: 2785: 2589: 2579: 2494: 2423: 2418: 2329: 2166: 2137: 2112: 2090: 2032: 1522: 1468:, and others collected, recorded, and published old ballads, prison songs, 1433: 1179: 1146:
arose, composing politically aware songs in a style that came to be called
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gained worldwide audiences; the same period saw similar trends occur among
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Invention of new formats like bands where only solo acts had existed before
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Ellingham, Mark; James McConnachie & Simon Broughton (Editor) (2000).
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also became wildly popular, and were seen as voices of the Greek nation.
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festival, however, featured a number of African American musicians (like
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The Rose and the Briar: Death, Love and Liberty in the American Ballad
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The movement became global in the 1960s and 1970s. In most cases, the
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Worlds of Music: An Introduction to the Music of the World's Peoples
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were one of the first instrumental Celtic groups to tour the world.
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genre, which starred controversial and acclaimed singer-songwriters
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at the Royal Albert Hall in 1952, together with a proliferation of
1311:: There were two folk music revivals in England. The first, led by 1256: 696: 472: 468: 377: 316: 308: 3192: 1622:
The Folk Music Revival, 1958–1970: Biographies of Fifty Performers
1476:. A number of performers influenced by traditional music, such as 3607: 3590: 3312: 3219: 3134: 3006: 2539: 2314: 2271: 2256: 2217: 2095: 1858:
Making Music in the Arab World: The Culture and Artistry of Tarab
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The Rough Guide to World Music: Africa and the Middle East Vol. 1
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The Folk Handbook: Working with Songs from the English Tradition
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The Never-Ending Revival: Rounder Records and the Folk Alliance
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prior to their involvement with the influential but U.S.-based
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have become an integral part of many pop singers. In 1967, the
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Electric Folk: The Changing Face of English Traditional Music
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Music on the World Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage
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with the release of the 2000 motion picture soundtrack to "
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French linguistic imperialism and conservative politics)
551:; popularity was limited, and soon ended, though region of 1773:), a specialist music magazine published monthly in the UK 3402: 1229:
For additional Celtic music, see the French section above
859:: Its traditional long suppressed or appropriated by the 1797:
Rosenberg, Neil V. and W. V. Rosenberg (editor) (1993).
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Broughton, Simon; Mark Ellingham & Jon Lusk (2006).
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folk music with rock in an innovative fusion of sounds.
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brought the music to new audiences at home and abroad.
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scene. This soon evolved into the politically charged
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Adaptation of folk styles to pop (or rock) structures
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Transforming Tradition: Folk Music Revivals Examined
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May It Fill Your Soul: Experiencing Bulgarian Music
455:brought makossa to new audiences around the world. 70:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1596:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 31–8. 627:are two of the big names. Nuñez was discovered by 1900:Folk Revival: The Rediscovery of a National Music 1776:Fujie, Linda, David Locke and Jeff Titon (2004). 555:has maintained a strong traditional music scene. 380:traditions. By the 1980s, popular bands included 3778: 895:had sponsored some music festivals, such as the 719:: The late 1960s and early 1970s coup repressed 163:Popularization of previously non-mainstream and 1636:"Did Simon & Garfunkel invent "Folk Rock"?" 1569:National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences 1396:: The Scottish folk revival begin in 1951 when 1420:was founded in 1888. Some members, including 984:, which have been popularized by the likes of 539:gained a widespread following in the country. 1943: 1929: 1217: 679:was the most important figure in this scene. 2295: 1804:Sandberg, Larry & Dick Weissman (1976). 1792:Songcatchers: In Search of the World's Music 1588: 1586: 1584: 1529:. The 21st century saw a smaller revival of 1109:: In the early to mid-1960s, the burgeoning 610:See also the Québécois under Canadian music. 1837:Drone On!: The High History of Celtic Music 1783:Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation (1997). 1740:The Study of Folk Music in the Modern World 1733:World Music: Traditions and Transformations 1371:(1973). Later, singer-songwriters such as 807:, and began in the late 1980s. Popularized 675:, which found an audience across the area. 204:With such a vague and variable definition, 1936: 1922: 1210:led a return to more traditionally styled 1581: 1275:heritage and was led by regional legends 340:revival occurred, and pop-raï stars like 130:Learn how and when to remove this message 236:The English and Scottish Popular Ballads 1790:Hart, Mickey and Karen Kostyal (2003). 1633: 671:sound and creating popular styles like 408:, a derivative of the funeral genre of 315:, for example. In other cases, such as 3779: 1747:World Music: A Very Short Introduction 1692: 1085:combined to create the wildly popular 1917: 1693:Hussey, Allison (28 September 2018). 1339:", whose recording was supervised by 988:, who remains a legend in the field. 956:: Starting in about 1966, a group of 827:: In the early 1970s, a genre called 1224:Includes English and Celtic revivals 68:adding citations to reliable sources 39: 1610:The Encyclopedia of Music in Canada 13: 1902:. Poole, Dorset: Blandford Press. 1720: 1634:Daniels, Frank (16 January 2017). 960:arose, most prominently including 14: 3803: 1028:Latin America, Portugal and Spain 633:Festival Interceltique de Lorient 443:in the 1950s and continuing with 326: 190:" of a particular variety, as in 44: 3669:20th-century Western folk music 1571:award) for best album in 2013. 1353:Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem 176:Introduction of new instruments 55:needs additional citations for 1879:Celtic Music: A Complete Guide 1877:Sawyers, June Skinner (2001). 1825:(University of Illinois Press) 1686: 1657: 1627: 1614: 1599: 1355:. Later famous groups include 695:: Ghana is best known for the 1: 1808:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1574: 1271:, which glorified the area's 651:, and their music was called 1553:were featured on the album. 1255:: Though some artists, like 867:(an instrument similar to a 7: 1870:Rosenberg, Neil V. (1993). 1829: 1819:Scully, Michael F. (2008). 1745:Bohlman, Philip V. (2002). 1738:Bohlman, Philip V. (1988). 1450:American folk music revival 1283:, as well as the mid-1960s 779:, the re-appearance of the 269:American folk music revival 28:American folk music revival 10: 3808: 2766:Trinidadian and Tobagonian 1835:Czulinski, Winnie (2006). 1731:Bakan, Michael B. (2007). 1725: 1535:O Brother, Where Art Thou? 1239:: Beginning in the 1980s, 1218:English-speaking countries 1206:: In the 1960s and 1970s, 1004:band, based on modernized 791:, who revitalized Naples' 431:largely ended this trend. 216: 25: 18: 3659: 3559: 3105: 2928: 2848: 2813: 2727: 2622: 2553: 2508: 2452: 2357: 2284: 2076:American primitive guitar 2068: 1971: 1962: 1953: 1946:Folk and indigenous music 1806:The Folk Music Sourcebook 1665:"Folk Rock Music Artists" 1418:American Folklore Society 1380:and influences including 769:Nuovo Canzoniere Italiano 585:Savonlinna Opera Festival 427:, though the rise of the 3142:Bosnian and Herzegovinan 1505:musicians, most notably 1081:) and imported American 948:, had been popularized. 376:, who drew primarily on 195:is the Belgian Bob Dylan 1842:Lyle, Emily B. (2001). 1785:International Folksongs 1337:The Lark in the Morning 1045:, who helped spawn the 233:(1825–96), compiler of 21:Roots Revival (project) 2664:by ethnocultural group 1972:By subject or function 1891:Wilentz, Sean (2005). 1863:Rice, Timothy (1994). 1531:Appalachian folk music 1470:Appalachian folk music 1426:George Lyman Kittredge 879:and ethnomusicologist 449:Messi Me Nkonda Martin 2868:Indigenous Australian 1884:Smith, C. C. (1998). 1511:Simon & Garfunkel 1438:Bascom Lamar Lunsford 1406:The Boys of the Lough 1241:Australian Aborigines 1006:Slovenian-style polka 811:includes genres like 549:Gerard van Maasakkers 362:Lounis Ait Menguellet 26:Further information: 2711:Cape Breton fiddling 1898:Woods, Fred (1979). 1872:Bluegrass: A History 1856:Racy, A. J. (2004). 1606:"Folk Music Revival" 1502:Peter, Paul and Mary 1178:, John Williams and 783:through the work of 777:Canzoniere del Lazio 725:Dionysis Savvopoulos 537:Morten Alfred Høirup 382:Brabants Volksorkest 223:British folk revival 64:improve this article 36:British folk revival 3276:Starogradska muzika 3242:Starogradska muzika 3181:Starogradska muzika 3169:Starogradska muzika 3152:Starogradska muzika 1537:". Singers such as 1343:and which featured 966:Vyacheslav Shchurov 809:Okinawan folk music 765:Istituto de Martino 421:Norodom Buppha Devi 374:Wannes Van de Velde 241:Sabine Baring-Gould 231:Francis James Child 193:Wannes Van de Velde 3561:Middle Eastern and 2201:Medieval folk rock 1561:Mumford & Sons 1365:Ceoltóirí Chualann 1194:. A roots revival 1043:Atahualpa Yupanqui 881:Valdis Muktupāvels 793:canzone napoletana 653:Afro-Manding blues 321:Dominican Republic 3792:Retro-style music 3787:Folk music genres 3774: 3773: 3655: 3654: 3450:Gaelic folk music 2895:Papua New Guinean 2723: 2722: 2618: 2617: 2280: 2279: 2238:New Weird America 1624:, McFarland, 2001 1527:The Grateful Dead 1494:The Kingston Trio 1422:Frank Clyde Brown 1402:People's Festival 1325:British folk rock 962:Vladimir Vysotsky 941:Mozambiquan music 741:"Muzika Mizrahit" 597:music of Brittany 439:: Beginning with 436:Cameroonian music 257:Folk Song Society 255:(1863–1954). The 251:(1858–1939), and 140: 139: 132: 114: 3799: 3766:History of music 3734:Progressive rock 2905:Solomon Islander 2863:White Australian 2510:African-American 2506: 2505: 2359:Indigenous North 2355: 2354: 2293: 2292: 2247:Progressive folk 2228:Psychedelic folk 1969: 1968: 1947: 1938: 1931: 1924: 1915: 1914: 1844:Scottish Ballads 1714: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1631: 1625: 1620:Dicaire, David, 1618: 1612: 1603: 1597: 1590: 1398:Hamish Henderson 1359:(founded 1962), 1297:Gordon Lightfoot 1289:Gilles Vigneault 1236:Australian music 1203:Portuguese music 1140:Silvio Rodríguez 1014:Slovenian Istria 934:Jali Musa Jawara 888:Lithuanian music 745:Chava Alberstein 645:The Super Eagles 350:Kabyle musicians 294:slack-key guitar 283:, and itinerant 273:Great Depression 135: 128: 124: 121: 115: 113: 72: 48: 40: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3801: 3800: 3798: 3797: 3796: 3777: 3776: 3775: 3770: 3661: 3651: 3630:Anatolian blues 3562: 3555: 3298:Anatolian blues 3101: 3029:Kamrupi Lokgeet 2924: 2880:Easter Islander 2844: 2809: 2719: 2632:Canadian fiddle 2614: 2549: 2504: 2448: 2360: 2353: 2335:Tierra Caliente 2305:Central America 2287: 2276: 2191:Industrial folk 2064: 2001:Christmas carol 1964: 1958: 1949: 1945: 1942: 1886:Spanish Ballads 1832: 1728: 1723: 1721:Further reading 1718: 1717: 1707: 1705: 1691: 1687: 1677: 1675: 1663: 1662: 1658: 1648: 1646: 1640:goldminemag.com 1632: 1628: 1619: 1615: 1604: 1600: 1591: 1582: 1577: 1287:revival led by 1269:Maritime Canada 1245:Aboriginal rock 1220: 1155:Dominican music 1074:Brazilian music 1034:Argentine music 1030: 993:Slovenian music 929:wassoulou music 732:Music of Israel 519:: In 1966, the 507:, who combined 416:Cambodian music 400:: Artists like 329: 281:Cajun musicians 219: 136: 125: 119: 116: 79:"Roots revival" 73: 71: 61: 49: 38: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3805: 3795: 3794: 3789: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3763: 3762: 3761: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3729:Outlaw country 3726: 3725: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3674:Acoustic music 3671: 3665: 3663: 3657: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3650: 3649: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3635:Anatolian rock 3632: 3622: 3617: 3616: 3615: 3610: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3593: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3567: 3565: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3547: 3546: 3541: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3379: 3378: 3373: 3363: 3362: 3361: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3321: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3303:Anatolian rock 3300: 3290: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3251: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3239: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3222: 3212: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3185: 3184: 3183: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3156: 3155: 3154: 3149: 3139: 3138: 3137: 3122: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3071: 3070: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3048: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3021: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3009: 2999: 2998: 2997: 2992: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2934: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2923: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2871: 2870: 2865: 2854: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2830: 2825: 2819: 2817: 2815:South American 2811: 2810: 2808: 2807: 2806: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2789: 2788: 2783: 2781:Chutney parang 2773: 2763: 2762: 2761: 2751: 2750: 2749: 2739: 2733: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2715: 2714: 2713: 2703: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2686: 2678: 2677: 2676: 2671: 2661: 2660: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2634: 2628: 2626: 2620: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2559: 2557: 2551: 2550: 2548: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2531: 2530: 2520: 2514: 2512: 2503: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2469: 2458: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2363: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2349: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2317: 2301: 2299: 2290: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2209: 2208: 2206:Medieval metal 2198: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2177: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2169: 2159: 2158: 2157: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2143:Medieval metal 2135: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2104: 2103: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2041: 2040: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2003: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1975: 1973: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1941: 1940: 1933: 1926: 1918: 1912: 1911: 1896: 1889: 1882: 1875: 1868: 1861: 1854: 1847: 1840: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1817: 1802: 1795: 1788: 1781: 1774: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1685: 1656: 1626: 1613: 1598: 1579: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1466:Charles Seeger 1393:Scottish music 1361:The Chieftains 1341:Diane Hamilton 1301:Ian and Sylvia 1252:Canadian music 1232: 1231: 1226: 1219: 1216: 1184:Susana Seivane 1176:Andrés Segovia 1164:Johnny Ventura 1095:Caetano Veloso 1054:Bolivian music 1029: 1026: 925:bajourou music 800:Japanese music 773:Ciccio Busacca 705:Wilson Pickett 692:Ghanaian music 660:Garifuna music 629:The Chieftains 616:Galician music 605:Corsican music 560:Egyptian music 521:Porta Festival 500:Croatian music 485:Ernesto Djédjé 425:Sinn Sisamouth 397:Beninese music 333:Algerian music 328: 327:Roots revivals 325: 289:music industry 253:Anne Gilchrist 249:Lucy Broadwood 218: 215: 202: 201: 198: 183: 180: 177: 174: 171: 168: 138: 137: 52: 50: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3804: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3756: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3749:Roots revival 3747: 3745: 3744:Record labels 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3666: 3664: 3658: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3627: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3614: 3613:Mizrahi music 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3592: 3589: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3563:North African 3558: 3552: 3549: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3536: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3447: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3368: 3367: 3364: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3344: 3343: 3342:Celtic fusion 3340: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3295: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3177: 3174: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3157: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3143: 3140: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3104: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3054: 3053: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2995:Zhongguo feng 2993: 2991: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2966: 2963: 2962: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2955:Central Asian 2953: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2875:Cook Islander 2873: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2860: 2859: 2856: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2839: 2838:Gaita zuliana 2836: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2812: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2778: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2726: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2694:Quebec fiddle 2692: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2662: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2621: 2611: 2610:Western swing 2608: 2606: 2605:Southern soul 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2552: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2409:Kwakwaka'wakw 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2356: 2348: 2345: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2320:Son calentano 2318: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2307: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2297:North America 2294: 2291: 2289: 2283: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2050:Sporting song 2048: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2038:Anti-war song 2036: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2023:Drinking song 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1977: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1967: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1948: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1927: 1925: 1920: 1919: 1916: 1909: 1908:0-7137-0970-7 1905: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1873: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1859: 1855: 1852: 1848: 1845: 1841: 1838: 1834: 1833: 1824: 1823: 1818: 1815: 1814:0-394-49684-1 1811: 1807: 1803: 1800: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1729: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1689: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1660: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1617: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1595: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557:Transnational 1554: 1552: 1551:Ralph Stanley 1548: 1544: 1543:Alison Krauss 1540: 1539:Gillian Welch 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1515:Roger McGuinn 1512: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1462:Carl Sandburg 1459: 1455: 1454:John A. Lomax 1451: 1447: 1446:Woody Guthrie 1443: 1442:Lesley Riddle 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1373:Christy Moore 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1357:The Dubliners 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1317:Copper Family 1314: 1310: 1309: 1308:English music 1304: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1265:Joni Mitchell 1262: 1258: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1215: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1199: 1197: 1196:Nueva canción 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1171:Spanish music 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1144:Pablo Milanés 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1116:Violeta Parra 1112: 1111:nueva canción 1108: 1107: 1106:Chilean music 1102: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1050: 1048: 1047:nueva canción 1044: 1040: 1039:Mercedes Sosa 1036: 1035: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1018:Vlado Kreslin 1016:) and singer 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 994: 989: 987: 983: 979: 975: 974: 969: 967: 963: 959: 955: 954: 953:Russian music 949: 947: 943: 942: 937: 935: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 913:Moussa Traoré 910: 906: 905: 900: 898: 897:dainų šventės 894: 890: 889: 884: 882: 878: 877:Jānis Poriķis 875:kokle player 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 857: 856:Latvian music 852: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 825: 820: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 801: 796: 794: 790: 789:Enrico Caruso 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 761: 760:Italian music 756: 754: 750: 746: 742: 736: 734: 733: 728: 726: 722: 718: 717: 712: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 693: 688: 686: 685: 680: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 661: 656: 654: 650: 646: 642: 641: 640:Gambian music 636: 635:in Bretagne. 634: 630: 626: 625:Luar na Lubre 622: 618: 617: 612: 611: 606: 602: 598: 594: 593: 588: 586: 582: 578: 577: 576:Finnish music 572: 570: 567:and southern 566: 562: 561: 556: 554: 550: 546: 545: 540: 538: 534: 533: 528: 526: 522: 518: 517: 512: 510: 506: 502: 501: 496: 494: 490: 486: 482: 481: 480:Ivorian music 476: 474: 470: 466: 462: 461: 460:Chinese music 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 437: 432: 430: 426: 422: 418: 417: 412: 411: 407: 406:tchink-system 403: 399: 398: 393: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 370: 369:Belgian music 365: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 334: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 297: 295: 290: 286: 282: 279:, Latino and 278: 274: 270: 265: 262: 258: 254: 250: 247:(1855–1926), 246: 243:(1834–1924), 242: 238: 237: 232: 228: 224: 214: 212: 211:roots revival 207: 206:roots revival 199: 196: 194: 189: 184: 181: 178: 175: 172: 169: 167:of folk music 166: 162: 161: 160: 158: 157:roots revival 153: 151: 147: 146:roots revival 142: 134: 131: 123: 112: 109: 105: 102: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 81: –  80: 76: 75:Find sources: 69: 65: 59: 58: 53:This article 51: 47: 42: 41: 37: 33: 29: 22: 16:Musical trend 3748: 3722:Laws numbers 3620:Pontic Greek 3487:Pontic Greek 3408:Morris dance 3347:Celtic metal 3271:Balkan brass 3017:Manila sound 2786:Chutney soca 2590:Country rock 2580:Country folk 2474:Folk revival 2330:Son huasteco 2167:Celtic metal 2138:Celtic metal 2113:Folk baroque 2091:Country folk 2045:Sea shanties 2033:Protest song 1899: 1892: 1885: 1878: 1871: 1864: 1857: 1850: 1843: 1836: 1820: 1805: 1798: 1791: 1784: 1777: 1770: 1769:(previously 1764: 1759: 1753: 1746: 1739: 1732: 1706:. Retrieved 1699:indyweek.com 1698: 1688: 1676:. Retrieved 1669:allmusic.com 1668: 1659: 1647:. Retrieved 1639: 1629: 1616: 1609: 1601: 1593: 1556: 1555: 1523:Jerry Garcia 1434:A. P. Carter 1411: 1410: 1400:created the 1391: 1390: 1330: 1329: 1306: 1305: 1250: 1249: 1234: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1201: 1200: 1180:Julian Bream 1169: 1168: 1153: 1152: 1125: 1124: 1104: 1103: 1099:Gilberto Gil 1072: 1071: 1052: 1051: 1032: 1031: 991: 990: 971: 970: 951: 950: 939: 938: 904:Malian music 902: 901: 893:Soviet Union 886: 885: 861:Soviet Union 854: 853: 829:t'ong guitar 824:Korean music 822: 821: 813:kawachi ondo 798: 797: 758: 757: 749:Yehoram Gaon 737: 730: 729: 714: 713: 701:Soul to Soul 690: 689: 684:German music 682: 681: 677:Pen Cayetano 658: 657: 638: 637: 621:Carlos Nuñez 614: 613: 609: 601:Alan Stivell 592:French music 590: 589: 574: 573: 558: 557: 542: 541: 532:Danish music 530: 529: 514: 513: 498: 497: 478: 477: 465:Chinese rock 458: 457: 453:Manu Dibango 434: 433: 414: 413: 395: 394: 367: 366: 346:Chaba Fadela 331: 330: 305:Celtic songs 298: 266: 245:Frank Kidson 234: 220: 210: 205: 203: 191: 156: 154: 150:folk revival 149: 145: 143: 141: 126: 117: 107: 100: 93: 86: 74: 62:Please help 57:verification 54: 3754:World music 3739:Pub session 3712:Roud number 3707:Collections 3699:Instruments 3581:Azerbaijani 3357:Celtic rock 3352:Celtic punk 3227:Montenegrin 2938:Bangladeshi 2890:Marshallese 2585:Country pop 2476:(1950s–60s) 2462:Appalachian 2325:Son jarocho 2262:Tamang Selo 2181:Folktronica 2172:Celtic punk 2162:Celtic rock 2155:Celtic punk 2018:Dance music 1708:16 November 1678:12 November 1649:12 November 1592:B. 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Index

Roots Revival (project)
American folk music revival
Folk music
British folk revival

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Bob Dylan
Wannes Van de Velde
British folk revival
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Francis James Child
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Sabine Baring-Gould
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Lucy Broadwood
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Folk Song Society
Cecil Sharp
American folk music revival
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