45:
1169:
1010:
1345:. They patronised the local town of Newtownards raising a subscription for a Catholic primary school as a gesture of ecumenical good will, and building a market house with a striking clock tower (a building which occupied by Scottish Fencibles was attacked by the rebels under Warden's command in 1798). During food shortages in 1800 and 1801, Londonderry at his own expense imported provisions into the stricken districts.
878:. He was returned by the "independent" or "county" interest backed by the local Whigs and by his fellow Presbyterians ("Dissenters" from the Established Church who were a majority among the county's exceptionally high number of freeholder voters). Their discomforted rivals were the "official" or "court" party of the Earl of Hillsborough, the county's Lord-Lieutenant and largest proprietor.
1267:, he insisted she add a postscript: "L does not allow me to interfere in Mr Porter's case. I cannot, therefore, and beg not to be mentioned. I only send the letter to gratify the humour", i.e. to placate the distraught Mrs Porter to whom, with a smile that filed her with "much horror", Londonderry then handed the letter.
1218:
Following a theft of gunpowder and grapeshot in
Donaghdee, on 26 September 1796, Londonderry summoned his tenants to Mount Stewart to compel them to sweat as oath of allegiance. To the extent that he and his sons were prepared to consider reform, including further rights for Catholics, it was now to
1120:
At the Dublin convention, Stewart was appointed chairman of the committee "for the receiving and digesting plans of reform". But the convention tactic did not succeed as in 1781, when the massed ranks of the
Volunteers had helped secure Irish legislative independence. The digested bill, presented by
897:
He proved a consistent antagonist of the administration, invariably voting and sometimes speaking for the
Opposition in the House. His early political conduct won the approval of his constituents. A dinner at which they entertained in Belfast was marked by toasts "liberal in quality as in quantity",
1312:
It may also be that
Londonderry believed that Porter, who had been close to the family (their election agent and a frequent visitor to the Mount Stewart), had been a source of his wife's wayward, and potentially compromising, political sympathies. Lady Frances is rumoured to have continued to send
1274:
which had accepted dubious testimony to the minister's presence among the rebels, and was to see the sentence executed. Porter was hanged in sight both of his own meeting house at
Greyabbey and of his family home (with Stewart tenants reportedly defying their landlord's wish that they attend). The
1258:
and north Down, 10–13 June 1798, the United Irish insurgents briefly occupied Mount
Stewart. In August, the wife of the local Presbyterian minister, James Porter, appeared at the house with her seven children where they overwhelmed Lady Londonderry and young sister, then dying of
881:
This political triumph over the interests of an
Ascendancy family which had hitherto returned both county members to the Irish House of Commons formed the prelude of a long period of rivalry. Robert Stewart's initial success was largely due to popular sympathy with
1129:(with which their Ascendancy rivals, but not the Stewarts, were endowed) and extended the vote to a broader class of Protestant freeholders was rejected. Having accepted defeat in America, Britain could again spare troops for Ireland, and neither parliament nor
1331:
Local tradition has it that Mrs. Porter waylaid his lordship's carriage, in a vain hope of prevailing by a further direct entreaty, but
Londonderry bade the coachman "drive on." The sentence, however, was mitigated by remission of the order for quartering.
1211:. Banking on these new establishment connections, and alarmed by the evident disaffection of their tenantry, Stewart reached an accommodation with the Hills: the families in future would divide the two county seats in Down, each returning a nominee to the
1340:
Despite political differences with his tenants, Londonderry did have a reputation as a comparatively generous landlord. He and his father rarely evicted tenants unless they were more than five years in arrears, and they abided by the
1136:
Although he believed that the demands of
Dissenters for greater representation should have been met so as to dissuade them from pushing Catholic claims along with their own, Stewart joined his friend, president of the convention, the
3899:
3433:
Return. Members of
Parliament – Part II. Parliaments of Great Britain, 1705–1796. Parliaments of the United Kingdom, 1801–1874. Parliaments and Conventions of the Estates of Scotland, 1357–1707. Parliaments of Ireland,
2168:. "Emily Jane m. 1stly, 29 June 1814 John James who d. 4 June 1818. She m. 2ndly, 10 Dec. 1821 1st Viscount Hardinge, G.C.B., C-in-C, and d. 18 Oct. 1865, leaving issue. He d. 24 Sept. 1856."
1279:, County Antrim, would later describe the circumstances of Porter's execution as being of "extreme cruelty towards both himself and his family, which were altogether unnecessary for any purpose of public example".
841:. Robert Stewart attended the viceregal court in Dublin, where he successfully pressed his suit. The marriage took place in the Chapel Royal of Dublin Castle, and Lord Hertford housed the new couple in the city.
2024:. "The marquess m. 2ndly, 7 June 1775, Frances, eldest da. of Charles Pratt, 1st earl Camden, and sister to the present marquess Camden, and by her (who d. 18 Jan. 1833, aet. 82) had issue ..."
1817:. "4. Alexander, b. 26 March 1746, m. 2 Oct. 1791, Mary Moore, 3d da. of Charles, marquess of Drogheda (by Anne, eldest da. of Francis Seymour, 1st marquess of Hertford,) and d. Aug. 1831 ..."
1984:. "by Privy Seal at St. James's, 1 May 1770 and patent at Dublin 30 of the same month, to advance him to the peerage, and by the title of Baron Bangor of Castle-Ward in the county of Down ..."
833:
On his return from the continent, he courted Lady Sarah Frances Seymour-Conway (whose niece, Mary Moore, married Robert's brother Alexander in 1791). Lady Sarah Frances Seymour-Conway's father,
1357:, where his father already had been laid to rest. He was succeeded briefly as the 2nd Marquess of Londonderry by his eldest son Robert (Castlereagh) who took his own life the following year.
985:
798:. The legacy allowed Alexander Stewart to retire from the linen trade and buy into the landed gentry. In 1743 he purchased sixty townlands and a large estate from the Colville family at
1801:. "Alexander, b. 26 March 1746, m. Mary Moore, 3d da. of Charles, marquess of Drogheda (by Anne, eldest da. of Francis Seymour, 1st marquess of Hertford,) and has issue ... "
1038:
In 1776, a general election was held in Ireland. Robert Stewart stood again for Down and was re-elected. He sat until the dissolution of this parliament on 25 July 1783.
1315:
1673:. "His son, Colonel William Stewart, had raised a troop of horse during the siege of Londonderry by James II in 1689, making them the archetypal Ulster Scots settlers."
3114:
To Robert Lord Viscount Castlereagh, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name Stile and Title of Earl of Londonderry, of the County of Londonderry
2598:
To Robert Lord Viscount Castlereagh, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name Stile and Title of Earl of Londonderry, of the County of Londonderry
3738:
3714:
2088:. "Caroline m. 23 Dec. 1801 Thomas Wood, MP of Littleton, Middlesex, and of Gwernevet, co. Brecon, Col. of the East Middlesex mil., and d. 26 Jan. 1860."
1298:
who joined the tenantry in swearing loyalty before Londonderry yet served on the rebel Committee of Public Safety, were all permitted passage to the United States.
1090:
Anticipating a "grand national convention" called for Dublin in November, it notably failed to broaden the front against the Ascendancy. Resolutions in support of
1072:
Alexander Stewart, died on 2 April 1781 and as his heir he moved into the family seat, Mount Stewart, near Newtownards (where in the park he completed the
866:
The year following his wife's death Robert Stewart entered the Irish House of Commons as member for County Down filling a vacancy created by the elevation of
243:
in 1760, and his grandfather, Colonel William Stewart, had commanded one of the two companies of Protestant soldiers that Derry admitted into its walls when
2316:. "During the Irish volunteer movement he was one of the delegates sent to the second Dungannon convention in 1783, and was one of its leading spirits."
2120:. "Georgiana m. 13 July 1803, George Canning, afterwards Lord Garvagh, and d. s.p. 17 Nov. 1804. He d. 20 August 1840, leaving issue."
933:
148:
2843:
2575:
To Robert Lord Londonderry, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, the Dignity of Viscount Castlereagh, of Castlereagh in the County Down
3904:
3729:
834:
660:
3914:
2719:
1204:
645:
44:
3017:
2187:
2155:
2139:
2123:
2107:
2075:
2043:
1009:
578:
3119:
3036:
1083:
That very same month as Colonel Stewart he was elected president of the second Ulster (overwhelmingly Presbyterian) Volunteer Convention in
3894:
2829:, p. 80. "Dr. Birch told his brother, prior to the court marshal, that the court would acquit him if he would offer to go into exile."
3787:
2282:
1305:, in which the master of Mount Stewart is clearly recognisable as the inarticulate tyrant "Lord Mountmumble". Porter had been aware that
940:
915:
459:
126:
3052:
2008:
1920:
1904:
1852:
1176:
Stewart deserted Presbyterianism for the Established Church, at what point is unclear but likely in advance of his elevation in 1795 to
2200:. "Octavia m. 11 Dec. 1813, 2nd Lord, afterwards Earl of Ellenborough; and d.s.p. 5 March 1819. He d. 22 Sept. 1871."
1614:
This family tree is based on the genealogies of the marquesses of Londonderry. Also see the lists of siblings and children in the text.
255:. Robert's mother was a daughter of John Cowan, also an alderman of that same town. His parents had married on 30 June 1737 in Dublin.
2650:
McCavery, Trevor (2003), "'As the plague of locuts came to Egypt': Rebel motivation in north Down", in Thomas Bartlett et al. (eds.),
1881:. "... bought into the landed gentry in 1743, with the acquisition of sixty townlands and a large estate in County Down ..."
1263:, with a plea for his life. One of the children was later to recount that when Londonderry discovered his wife composing a letter to
563:
3530:
1165:
that the Stewarts were the friends of reform, the younger Stewart did so successfully albeit at considerable expense to his father.
1836:
2660:
2514:
3678:
3598:
2676:
2447:
2171:
2091:
2059:
2027:
1820:
1788:
1772:
1138:
768:
2319:
2136:. "Selina m. 22 Feb. 1814, David Kerr of Portavo, Down, and d. 5 Feb. 1871, leaving issue. He d. 30 Dec. 1844."
1936:
1756:
1740:
1724:
3934:
3929:
3752:
3743:
3438:
1804:
1496:
1102:
248:
244:
219:
he gained notoriety for refusing to intercede on behalf of James Porter, his local Presbyterian minister, executed outside the
3924:
3519:
3379:
3270:
3187:
2975:
2965:
2889:
2861:
2802:
1106:
989:
1708:
3919:
3818:
2703:
2603:
1185:
1158:
998:
851:
537:
204:
144:
76:
3065:. "The marquess m. 1st, 3 June 1766, Sarah-Frances Seymour, 2nd da. of Francis, 1st marquess of Hertford, K. G. ..."
270:
Robert Stewart with his two wives, his parents, and other selected relatives. His mother inherited Robert Cowan's fortune.
203:
His success was fuelled by wealth acquired through judicious marriages, and by the advancing political career of his son,
3889:
2303:
1676:
3349:. Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks, No. 2 (3rd ed.). London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society.
2616:. "Hon. Charles William Stewart, in place of Mr. Dunbar, Gentleman at Large to the Lord-Lieutenant / Thomastown Borough"
2263:
1849:. "... he died, unmarried, a few days later (9 February 1737), in London, of complications caused by quinsy."
1226:
With the bill's final passage, in 1801, Londonderry become one of the 28 original Irish representative peers in the new
3909:
3777:
1623:
White saltires on red ground appear on armorial plates of Chinese manufacture linked to Robert Cowan, preserved in the
1295:
1309:
might not go unpunished, acknowledging in its preface: "I am in danger of being hanged or put in gaol, perhaps both".
3718:
3691:
3611:
3459:
3354:
3240:
The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant
3147:
3068:
3002:
2635:
2548:
2482:
2463:
2372:
2219:
1219:
be within the more secure context of a union with Great Britain. When in 1799 the parliament in Dublin rejected the
958:
867:
764:
367:
236:
159:
2524:
3884:
3879:
3764:
3409:
2786:
2780:
2498:
1227:
2203:
2216:. " married 1st, 11 Dec. 1813, Octavia-Catherine Stewart, youngest daughter of Robert 1st Marquess ..."
1193:
1042:
919:
891:
890:, and to the growing feelings in favour of constitutional and parliamentary reform which found expression in the
188:
3204:
A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage
1971:
1692:
3483:
2754:
2397:
2254:
1264:
923:
196:
1157:. Unable as a peer to himself avenge his defeat in 1783, for general election of 1790 he took his eldest son,
1117:
claiming irregularities. Downshire's influence was able to procure the dismissal of his petition with costs".
786:
Within three months of his parents' marriage in 1737, Robert's mother inherited the fortune her half-brother,
3555:
1968:. "Just over a year later, however, on 17 July 1770, his mother died in childbirth along with her baby."
3564:
2775:
1130:
2152:. "Matilda m. 14 Sept. 1815, Michael Edward Ward, and d. 3 Oct. 1842, leaving issue ..."
1189:
1098:
978:
949:
2845:
Forgetful Remembrance: Social Forgetting and Vernacular Historiography of a Rebellion in Ulster (p. 156)
3673:
3593:
2056:. "Frances Ann, m. 10 March, 1799, Lord Charles Fitzroy ; and d. 9 Feb. 1810 ..."
1641:
1404:
1196:
1172:
The arms of Robert Stewart, Earl of Londonderry The Stewart arms are quartered with the Cowan saltires.
1162:
1126:
1050:
838:
2705:"Insurgents in occupation at Mount Stewart", John Petty to Frances Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry
3573:
1660:
3153:
Lives of Lord Castlereagh and Sir Charles Stewart the second and the third Marquesses of Londonderry
2689:
2670:
2457:
1718:
3756:
3566:
The East India Company Career of Sir Robert Cowan in Bombay and the western Indian Ocean c. 1719–35
2313:
2276:
2181:
2101:
2069:
2037:
1949:
1830:
1798:
1782:
1766:
1750:
1734:
1500:
1110:
1077:
1054:
179:
35:
3030:
2492:
2197:
2165:
2149:
2133:
2117:
2085:
2053:
1955:
1168:
3808:
3683:
3603:
3179:
1868:
1073:
787:
717:
389:
216:
3129:
3046:
1353:
Lord Londonderry died on 6 April 1821 at Mount Stewart, County Down, and was buried at the
3455:
3414:
2779:
2508:
2335:. "... lost the seat in 1783 in an embarrassing contest, which diminished his popularity."
1200:
1114:
818:
Robert Stewart was brought up a Calvinist, sent by his father under the care of a tutor to the
3400:
1981:
1624:
3705:
3234:
3062:
2213:
2021:
1930:
1914:
1862:
1814:
1654:
1212:
1101:
Stewart stood again for County Down but the Ascendancy families triumphed, one seat taken by
1091:
200:
50:
3078:
2613:
2564:
2476:
2232:
1689:. "Mary Cowan married (Dublin, 30 June 1737) her cousin Alexander Stewart (1700–1781)."
1670:
3874:
3869:
3838:
3725:
3396:
3244:
3169:
3103:
2587:
2431:
1291:
903:
871:
823:
819:
3238:
3226:
A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire
1045:, the self-armed militia ostensibly formed to maintain order and defend Ireland while the
8:
3827:
3465:
The Peerage of Ireland or, A Genealogical History of the Present Nobility of that Kingdom
3151:
2853:
1287:
1283:
1243:
1028:
1014:
974:
837:, owned considerable property in the neighbourhood of Lisburn, and in 1765 was appointed
192:
3664:
3584:
3343:
3307:
3224:
2332:
2297:
1846:
1686:
3795:
3650:
3108:
2713:
2592:
2569:
2436:
1354:
1154:
795:
791:
208:
113:
25:
3463:
3284:
3849:
3687:
3642:
3607:
3549:
3515:
3469:
3442:
3418:
3375:
3350:
3328:
3290:
3266:
3248:
3208:
3183:
3157:
2998:
2971:
2857:
2750:
2631:
2544:
2393:
2368:
2250:
1895:
1231:
1220:
887:
827:
212:
3366:
3093:. "Down County: 1771 / Robert Stewart, later 1st Marquess of Londonderry (to 1783)"
3033:. "The marquess d. 8 Apr. 1821, and was s. by the son of his first marriage."
2899:
906:), and to "All those who would rather die in jack-boots than live in wooden shoes".
3634:
3322:
2849:
1702:
1161:, out of Cambridge University to run for the county. Still able to persuade Down's
968:
929:
From his second marriage he had 11 more children, three sons and eight daughters:
3431:
3173:
2651:
1965:
1878:
1208:
1058:
3543:
Down County: 1771 / Robert Stewart, later 1st Marquess of Londonderry (to 1783)
2300:. "... sworn to the Irish privy council on 17 September 1782 ..."
1865:. " purchased the estate of Mount Stewart in co. Down from the Colville family;"
1301:
Porter's offence may have been his popular satire of the local landed interest,
1255:
252:
3900:
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Down constituencies
3252:
3081:. "Robert Stewart, esq., in place of Bernard Ward, Lord Bangor / DOWN County."
1657:. "... Robert, had been born, at Mount Stewart, 27 September, 1739."
1199:. Londonderry's second son, Charles, meanwhile kept the family present in the
3863:
3669:
3646:
3589:
3473:
3332:
3324:
Debrett's Complete Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
3294:
3263:
Dissenting Voices: Rediscovering the Irish Progressive Presbyterian Tradition
3220:
3198:
3161:
1271:
1032:
962:
232:
220:
102:
89:
3446:
3212:
2692:. "... and finally on 13 Jan. 1816 cr. Marquess of Londonderry ]"
2460:. "Robert Stewart was on 20 Sep. 1789 cr. Baron Londonderry ] ..."
1238:
He thus achieved the rare feat of rising from a "Dissenting" (Presbyterian)
3491:
Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society (Sessions 161/62-1963/64)
3422:
3318:
3303:
3280:
1342:
1260:
914:
Robert Stewart remarried, on 7 June 1775, taking for his second wife,
899:
875:
1230:
at Westminster. In 1816, thanks to the advancing career of Castlereagh as
1069:, but which, like other companies, were soon engaged in patriotic debate.
830:" to which, as the son landed gentry, he might naturally have been drawn.
3202:
2990:
2536:
1122:
1062:
883:
807:
799:
184:
3654:
3622:
3404:
1576:
1400:
1282:
Londonderry was content that other offenders should be allowed exile.
3638:
3627:
Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society
2673:. "REP. PEER (being one of the 28 original representatives) 1801–21"
2511:. Note that this drawing appears under the heading "Earls of Ireland"
1572:
1321:
1084:
1066:
1046:
854:(1769–1822), later to be known as "Castlereagh", the famous statesman
3623:"The Rev. James Porter Dissenting Minister of Greyabbey, 1753–1798"
1239:
3512:
Billy Bluff and the Squire and Other Writing by Rev. James Porter
1113:. Stewart unsuccessfully challenged the returns at the bar of the
3341:
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986).
3156:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons.
2628:
Billy Bluff and the Squire and Other Writing by Re. James Porter
1952:. "... by her (who d. 17 July 1770) had issue ..."
1325:
1290:, a United Irish firebrand who rallied with the rebels after the
1276:
2468:
2466:
2224:
2222:
803:
3312:. Vol. 2 (17th ed.). London: F. C. and J. Rivington.
3289:. Vol. 2 (6th ed.). London: F. C. and J. Rivington.
2324:
2322:
2289:
2287:
2285:
240:
3365:
Gilmore, Peter; Parkhill, Trevor; Roulston, William (2018).
2657:, Four Courts Press, ISBN 1851824308, (pp. 212–225), p. 216.
1328:) made bold to identify herself as a "republican countess".
3478:– Viscounts, barons (for Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor)
2967:
A Lady of Cotton: Hannah Greg, Mistress of Quarry Bank Mill
2877:
984:
Emily Jane (1789–1865), married firstly John James, son of
3309:
Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
2995:
The Summer Soldiers: The 1798 Rebellion in Antrim and Down
2747:
The Summer Soldiers: The 1798 Rebellion in Antrim and Down
2701:
2541:
The Summer Soldiers: The 1798 Rebellion in Antrim and Down
1188:, also quietly converted to Anglicanism and was appointed
1141:
in urging the Volunteers to receive their rebuff quietly.
1737:. "Anne, b. 27 Sept. 1738, d. 21 April 1781."
767:(1746–1831), married Mary Moore, the 3rd daughter of the
191:, and member of the parliament who, exceptionally for an
3368:
Exiles of '98: Ulster Presbyterian and the United States
2954:, 620/30/194. Thomas Whinnery to John Lees, 25 May 1797.
2905:
2702:
The National Archives, Reference U840/C562 (1797–1809).
1061:
in April 1778, Stewart organised a volunteer company in
3364:
2895:
2726:
1076:). On 17 September 1782 he was sworn to the Irish
822:, where he studied literature. He thus "temptations of
239:
and his wife Mary Cowan. His father was an alderman of
3340:
3125:
3042:
2681:
2679:
2442:
The Right Honourable Robert Stewart, Baron Londonderry
2268:
2266:
2013:
2011:
1941:
1939:
1462:
Re-elected MP for County Down in the Irish Parliament
1249:
2922:
2920:
2040:. "Charles-William, G.C.B., present and 3d marquess."
3299:– Ireland and Scotland (for the drawing of the arms)
3049:. "George III ... acc. 25 Oct. 1760;"
3022:
3020:
2820:
3132:. "George IV ... acc. 29 Jan. 1820;"
1440:Elected MP for County Down in the Irish Parliament
743:He appears among his siblings as the second child:
3663:
3583:
3342:
2932:
2917:
2367:. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. pp. 286–288.
1348:
1286:who commanded north Down rebels in the field; the
861:
3327:(22nd ed.). London: F. C. and J. Rivington.
2625:
1753:. "William, b. 11 April 1741, d. in 1742."
1646:
1644:
848:Alexander-Francis, who died within his first year
3861:
3585:"Stewart, Robert, first marquess of Londonderry"
3510:Porter, James (1991) . Clifford, Brendan (ed.).
3429:
3074:
2609:
2472:
2228:
835:Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford
3401:"Stewart, Robert, first Marquis of Londonderry"
3084:
1275:Presbyterian minister Rev. Henry Montgomery of
1027:Between 1775 and 1783, Robert Stewart lived in
909:
813:
16:Late 18th and early 19th-century Irish marquess
3581:
2848:. Oxford University Press Scholarship Online.
2749:. Belfast: The Blackstaff Press. p. 252.
2596:. 10 August 1796. pp. 781, right column.
2328:
2293:
1721:. "Genealogy of the marquesses of Londonderry"
1705:. "Genealogy of the marquesses of Londonderry"
1324:(reputedly "head of the Female Societies" in
1031:with his wife, while his father was living at
957:Georgiana (1785–1804), married the politician
231:Robert was born on 27 September 1739, at
3229:(99th ed.). London: Burke's Peerage Ltd.
2559:
2557:
2426:
2424:
1065:of 115 men, the Arms Independents, to act as
2279:. "... d. 2 April 1781 ..."
1833:. "Mary, b. 15 April 1747, d. young."
1785:. "William, b. 3 July 1744, d. 1762."
1313:privately for Porter's offending paper, the
3533:. Archived from the original on 1 June 2009
2718:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
902:" (who had led parliamentary opposition to
176:Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry
3481:
3197:
2911:
2554:
2495:. "... no less than £60,000 ..."
2421:
1698:
936:(1778–1854), succeeded him as 3rd Marquess
43:
3374:. Belfast: Ulster Historical Foundation.
3286:Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland
3265:. Belfast: Ulster Historical Foundation.
1900:. London: Macmillan & Co. p. 16.
1335:
918:, the independent-minded daughter of the
3582:Thorne, Roland; Hamilton, J. A. (2004).
3395:
3260:
3102:
2883:
2630:. Belfast: Athol Books. pp. 12–13.
2586:
2563:
2430:
2417:. Dublin: James Duffy. pp. 202–203.
2412:
2309:
1167:
1008:
961:, nephew of army general and politician
826:and similar academic strongholds of the
3905:Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
3679:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3599:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3562:
3317:
3302:
3279:
3233:
3058:
2800:
2744:
2685:
2666:
2520:
2504:
2479:. "Hon. Robert Stewart. / DOWN County."
2453:
2272:
2235:. "Robert Stewart, esq. / Down County."
2209:
2177:
2097:
2065:
2033:
2017:
1945:
1926:
1910:
1858:
1826:
1810:
1794:
1778:
1762:
1746:
1730:
1714:
1596:
1270:Londonderry was himself present at the
1192:to serve under Lady Frances's brother,
973:Matilda Charlotte (1787–1842), married
858:Lady Sarah died in childbirth in 1770.
3915:Peers of Ireland created by George III
3862:
3661:
3620:
3509:
3484:"Thomas Ledlie Birch, United Irishman"
3243:. Vol. 5 (1st ed.). London:
3146:
2963:
2950:National Archives of Ireland, Dublin,
2938:
2841:
2826:
2774:
2732:
2488:
2362:
1842:
1682:
1049:and its forces were distracted by the
3454:
3219:
3026:
2896:Gilmore, Parkhill & Roulston 2018
2837:
2835:
2803:"Presbyterian minister hanged in '98"
2770:
2768:
2766:
2415:The History of the Volunteers in 1782
2387:
2244:
2193:
2161:
2145:
2129:
2113:
2081:
2049:
2001:
1999:
1977:
1889:
1887:
1254:During their three-day "Republic" in
1223:they fought to have it re-presented.
990:Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge
723:
716:
713:
711:
706:
703:
701:
696:
693:
680:
659:
657:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
622:
620:
618:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
577:
562:
551:
549:
536:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
496:
494:
492:
480:
457:
444:
429:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
388:
386:
377:
366:
364:
362:
344:
326:
324:
322:
316:
314:
312:
299:
297:
295:
293:
284:
282:
280:
269:
199:, rose within the ranks of Ireland's
3468:. Vol. 6. Dublin: James Moore.
2365:A History of Ireland in 250 Episodes
1893:
1242:into the highest ranks of the Irish
999:Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough
781:
226:
3895:Members of the Irish House of Lords
3578:– (PDF downloadable from given URL)
3528:
3439:His/Her Majesty's Stationery Office
3207:(71st ed.). London: Harrison.
3168:
3090:
2926:
2644:
2530:
2527:. "Figure 6.3 Cowan Armorial Plate"
2392:. London: Collins. pp. 32–33.
1961:
1874:
1769:. "Francis, b. 26 Oct. 1742."
1666:
1650:
1250:1798, the execution of James Porter
1149:In 1789 Robert Stewart was created
986:Sir Walter James James, 1st Baronet
969:David Guardi Ker MP for Downpatrick
13:
3531:"Irish House of Commons 1692–1800"
3321:(1838). Courthope, William (ed.).
2970:. History Press. pp. 89, 99.
2854:10.1093/oso/9780198749356.003.0004
2832:
2763:
2381:
1996:
1884:
1109:, the other by Lord Bangor's son,
1004:
967:Selina Sarah Juliana (1786–1871),
14:
3946:
2790:. Vol. 46. pp. 180–183.
2781:"Porter, James (1753-1798)"
2573:. 10 October 1795. p. 1052.
2543:Belfast, Blackstaff Press, p. 16
2440:. 9 September 1789. p. 597.
1144:
1125:, which would have abolished the
959:George Canning, 1st Baron Garvagh
939:Frances Ann (1777–1810), married
790:, had acquired in service to the
738:Robert listed among his siblings
3765:Parliament of the United Kingdom
3410:Dictionary of National Biography
2997:Belfast, Blackstaff Press, 1995,
2787:Dictionary of National Biography
1557:Created Marquess of Londonderry
49:The Marquess of Londonderry, by
3778:Representative peer for Ireland
3753:Arthur Hill, Viscount Kilwarlin
3744:Arthur Hill, Viscount Kilwarlin
3112:. 10 August 1796. p. 781.
3096:
3008:
2984:
2964:Sekers, David (18 March 2013).
2957:
2944:
2801:Phoenix, Eamon (30 June 2014).
2794:
2738:
2695:
2653:1798: A Bicentenary Perspective
2626:Brendan, Clifford, ed. (1991).
2619:
2580:
2406:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2249:. London: Collins. p. 17.
2238:
1987:
1917:. "Alexander-Francis, d. 1769."
1617:
1524:Eldest son elected MP for Down
1484:Made an Irish Privy Councillor
1349:Death, succession, and timeline
862:Opposition member of parliament
844:Robert and Sarah had two sons:
3621:Waters, Ormonde D. P. (1990).
3345:Handbook of British Chronology
1608:
1429:First wife died in childbirth
948:Caroline (1781–1860), married
924:Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden
1:
3935:19th-century Irish landowners
3930:18th-century Irish landowners
3563:Teggins, Edward Owen (2020).
3201:; Burke, Ashworth P. (1909).
2072:. "Elizabeth-Mary, d. 1798."
1535:Created Viscount Castlereagh
1343:Ulster custom of tenant right
1234:, he was further elevated to
1018:
997:Octavia (1792–1819), married
898:including to "The memory of
54:
3925:Politicians from County Down
3665:"Cowan, Sir Robert (d.1737)"
2104:. "Alexander-John, d. 1800"
1634:
1288:Reverend Thomas Ledlie Birch
1133:would again be intimidated.
1041:Stewart participated in the
910:Second marriage and children
814:Education and first marriage
773:Mary (born 1747), died young
7:
3920:Vane-Tempest-Stewart family
3031:1247, right column, line 33
2198:1247, right column, line 31
2166:1247, right column, line 28
2150:1247, right column, line 26
2134:1247, right column, line 24
2118:1247, right column, line 22
2086:1247, right column, line 19
2054:1247, right column, line 17
1320:and in correspondence with
1190:Chief Secretary for Ireland
1099:general election of October
137:
31:The Marquess of Londonderry
10:
3951:
3890:Irish representative peers
3682:. Vol. 13. New York:
3602:. Vol. 52. New York:
3482:McClelland, Aiken (1964).
3139:
2745:Stewart, A. T. Q. (1995).
2329:Thorne & Hamilton 2004
2294:Thorne & Hamilton 2004
2184:. "Thomas-Henry, d. 1810"
1847:752, right column, line 42
1513:Created Baron Londonderry
1373:
1370:
1367:
1180:and the following year to
1163:Forty-shilling freeholders
1057:by the American privateer
954:Alexander John (1783–1800)
945:Elizabeth Mary (1779–1798)
839:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
737:
3910:Marquesses of Londonderry
3847:
3836:
3825:
3815:
3806:
3801:
3794:
3784:
3775:
3770:
3763:
3749:
3723:
3711:
3704:
3554:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3430:House of Commons (1878).
3063:518, right column, line 1
2413:MacNevin, Thomas (1845).
2363:Bardon, Jonathan (2008).
2022:518, right column, line 8
1931:518, right column, line 7
1915:518, right column, line 6
1863:518, left column, line 40
1625:National Trust collection
1546:Created Earl Londonderry
1495:Electoral defeat against
1362:
1228:United Kingdom parliament
626:
624:
616:
614:
575:
560:
530:
528:
524:
506:
502:
490:
486:
455:
442:
423:
421:
375:
356:
354:
352:
342:
338:
332:
320:
318:
165:
155:
132:
120:
108:
96:
82:
72:
64:
42:
23:
3788:The Viscount Powerscourt
3514:. Belfast: Athol Books.
3413:. Vol. 54. London:
3261:Courtney, Roger (2013).
2298:748 right column, line 5
1933:. "Robert, 2d marquess."
1601:
1236:Marquess of Londonderry.
1092:Catholic enfranchisement
994:Thomas Henry (1790–1810)
977:, the eldest son of the
769:1st Marquess of Drogheda
251:before the start of the
3809:Marquess of Londonderry
3684:Oxford University Press
3604:Oxford University Press
3415:Smith, Elder, & Co.
3180:Oxford University Press
1897:The Rise Of Castlereagh
3662:Watson, I. B. (2004).
3314:– Scotland and Ireland
3235:Cokayne, George Edward
1699:Burke & Burke 1909
1590:Died at Mount Stewart
1385:Born at Mount Stewart
1336:Reputation as landlord
1184:. His eldest son, now
1173:
1024:
201:"Anglican Ascendancy."
86:27 September 1739
3706:Parliament of Ireland
3451:– (the subject as MP)
3397:Hamilton, John Andrew
3075:House of Commons 1878
2610:House of Commons 1878
2473:House of Commons 1878
2388:Hinde, Wendy (1981).
2245:Hinde, Wendy (1981).
2229:House of Commons 1878
1451:Married his 2nd wife
1418:Married his 1st wife
1171:
1055:raid on Belfast Lough
1012:
886:and the discontented
207:(an architect of the
124:Sarah Frances Seymour
51:Hugh Douglas Hamilton
3839:Viscount Castlereagh
3726:Member of Parliament
3686:. pp. 752–753.
3606:. pp. 748–749.
3245:George Bell and Sons
2842:Beiner, Guy (2018).
1894:Hyde, H. M. (1933).
1597:Notes and references
1577:King George III
1401:King George III
1292:Battle of Saintfield
1213:parliament in Dublin
1186:Viscount Castlereagh
1178:Viscount Castlereagh
1127:proprietary boroughs
941:Lord Charles Fitzroy
820:University of Geneva
235:, the eldest son of
205:Viscount Castlereagh
77:Robert, 2nd Marquess
3885:Irish MPs 1776–1783
3880:Irish MPs 1769–1776
3828:Earl of Londonderry
3175:Castlereagh: A Life
3014:Bew (2011), pp. 7–8
2886:, pp. 133–134.
1573:King George IV
1405:King George II
1284:David Bailie Warden
1182:Earl of Londonderry
1074:Temple of the Winds
1015:Anton Raphael Mengs
975:Edward Michael Ward
950:Col. Thomas Wood MP
758:Francis (born 1742)
755:William (1741–1742)
183:(1739–1821), was a
3796:Peerage of Ireland
3417:pp. 345–346.
3109:The London Gazette
2593:The London Gazette
2570:The London Gazette
2437:The London Gazette
2353:Hyde (1933), p. 22
2344:Hyde (1933), p. 19
2005:Hyde (1933), p. 18
1993:Hyde (1933), p. 17
1355:Newtownards Priory
1221:bill for the Union
1205:Thomastown borough
1174:
1155:Peerage of Ireland
1139:Earl of Charlemont
1025:
1013:Robert Stewart by
888:American colonists
828:Established Church
796:Governor of Bombay
792:East India Company
247:was sent there by
114:Newtownards Priory
26:The Most Honorable
3858:
3857:
3850:Baron Londonderry
3816:Succeeded by
3785:Succeeded by
3750:Succeeded by
3734:1771–1783
3521:978-0-85034-045-7
3381:978-1-909556-62-1
3272:978-1-909556-06-5
3189:978-0-19-993159-0
3148:Alison, Archibald
3126:Fryde et al. 1986
3043:Fryde et al. 1986
2977:978-0-7524-9367-1
2863:978-0-19-874935-6
2776:Gordon, Alexander
2735:, pp. 95–96.
1687:752, right column
1627:at Mount Stewart.
1594:
1593:
1566:1820, 29 Jan
1554:1816, 13 Jan
1543:1796, 10 Aug
1532:1795, 10 Oct
1481:1782, 17 Sep
1426:1770, 17 Jul
1394:1760, 25 Oct
1382:1739, 27 Sep
1232:Foreign Secretary
1151:Baron Londonderry
1107:Earl of Downshire
1105:, the son of the
782:Cowan inheritance
779:
778:
733:
732:
729:
728:
689:
688:
676:
675:
276:
275:
237:Alexander Stewart
227:Birth and origins
213:Foreign Secretary
182:
173:
172:
160:Alexander Stewart
100:6 April 1821
3942:
3757:Hon. Edward Ward
3712:Preceded by
3702:
3701:
3697:
3667:
3658:
3639:10.2307/29742440
3617:
3587:
3577:
3571:
3559:
3553:
3545:
3540:
3538:
3529:Rayment, Leigh.
3525:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3488:
3477:
3460:Archdall, Mervyn
3450:
3426:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3373:
3361:– (for timeline)
3360:
3348:
3336:
3313:
3298:
3276:
3256:
3230:
3216:
3193:
3165:
3133:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3072:
3066:
3056:
3050:
3040:
3034:
3024:
3015:
3012:
3006:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2961:
2955:
2952:Rebellion Papers
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2915:
2909:
2903:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2839:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2783:
2772:
2761:
2760:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2717:
2709:
2699:
2693:
2683:
2674:
2664:
2658:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2623:
2617:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2561:
2552:
2534:
2528:
2518:
2512:
2502:
2496:
2486:
2480:
2470:
2461:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2428:
2419:
2418:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2336:
2326:
2317:
2307:
2301:
2291:
2280:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2242:
2236:
2226:
2217:
2207:
2201:
2191:
2185:
2175:
2169:
2159:
2153:
2143:
2137:
2127:
2121:
2111:
2105:
2095:
2089:
2079:
2073:
2063:
2057:
2047:
2041:
2031:
2025:
2015:
2006:
2003:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1975:
1969:
1959:
1953:
1943:
1934:
1924:
1918:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1891:
1882:
1872:
1866:
1856:
1850:
1840:
1834:
1824:
1818:
1815:518, left column
1808:
1802:
1792:
1786:
1776:
1770:
1760:
1754:
1744:
1738:
1728:
1722:
1712:
1706:
1696:
1690:
1680:
1674:
1664:
1658:
1648:
1628:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1587:1821, 6 Apr
1510:1789, 9 Sep
1470:1781, 2 Apr
1415:1766, 3 Jun
1360:
1359:
1296:William Sinclair
1194:Earl Camden, the
1115:House of Commons
1053:. Following the
1043:Irish Volunteers
1023:
1020:
761:John (1744–1762)
746:Anne (1738–1781)
735:
734:
691:
690:
678:
677:
278:
277:
267:
266:
258:
257:
178:
141:
116:
92:
59:
56:
47:
21:
20:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3860:
3859:
3853:
3842:
3831:
3821:
3812:
3790:
3781:
3759:
3755:
3742:
3735:
3733:
3721:
3717:
3700:
3694:
3674:Harrison, Brian
3614:
3594:Harrison, Brian
3574:Trinity College
3572:(PhD). Dublin:
3569:
3547:
3546:
3536:
3534:
3522:
3500:
3498:
3486:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3371:
3357:
3273:
3190:
3142:
3137:
3136:
3124:
3120:
3101:
3097:
3089:
3085:
3073:
3069:
3057:
3053:
3041:
3037:
3025:
3018:
3013:
3009:
2991:Stewart, A.T.Q.
2989:
2985:
2978:
2962:
2958:
2949:
2945:
2937:
2933:
2925:
2918:
2912:McClelland 1964
2910:
2906:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2840:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2799:
2795:
2773:
2764:
2757:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2711:
2710:
2700:
2696:
2684:
2677:
2665:
2661:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2624:
2620:
2608:
2604:
2585:
2581:
2562:
2555:
2537:Stewart, A.T.Q.
2535:
2531:
2519:
2515:
2503:
2499:
2487:
2483:
2471:
2464:
2452:
2448:
2429:
2422:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2361:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2333:748 left column
2327:
2320:
2308:
2304:
2292:
2283:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2243:
2239:
2227:
2220:
2208:
2204:
2192:
2188:
2176:
2172:
2160:
2156:
2144:
2140:
2128:
2124:
2112:
2108:
2096:
2092:
2080:
2076:
2064:
2060:
2048:
2044:
2032:
2028:
2016:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1976:
1972:
1960:
1956:
1944:
1937:
1925:
1921:
1909:
1905:
1892:
1885:
1873:
1869:
1857:
1853:
1841:
1837:
1825:
1821:
1809:
1805:
1793:
1789:
1777:
1773:
1761:
1757:
1745:
1741:
1729:
1725:
1713:
1709:
1697:
1693:
1681:
1677:
1665:
1661:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1351:
1338:
1252:
1209:County Kilkenny
1197:Lord Lieutenant
1147:
1094:were rejected.
1059:John Paul Jones
1021:
1007:
1005:Irish Volunteer
988:, and secondly
934:Charles William
912:
864:
816:
784:
719:
708:
698:
669:
665:
663:
654:
650:
648:
585:
581:
572:
568:
566:
557:
554:
546:
542:
540:
465:
461:
452:
449:
446:
439:
436:
434:
432:
400:
398:
396:
392:
383:
380:
372:
305:
302:
290:
287:
229:
221:Stewart demesne
189:Irish Volunteer
135:
134:
125:
112:
101:
88:
87:
60:
57:
38:
33:
32:
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3948:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3856:
3855:
3845:
3844:
3834:
3833:
3823:
3822:
3819:Robert Stewart
3817:
3814:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3783:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3751:
3748:
3722:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3699:
3698:
3692:
3670:Matthew, Colin
3659:
3618:
3612:
3590:Matthew, Colin
3579:
3560:
3526:
3520:
3507:
3479:
3452:
3427:
3393:
3380:
3362:
3355:
3338:
3337:(later events)
3315:
3300:
3277:
3271:
3258:
3231:
3221:Burke, Bernard
3217:
3199:Burke, Bernard
3195:
3194:– Snippet view
3188:
3166:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3118:
3095:
3083:
3067:
3051:
3035:
3016:
3007:
2983:
2976:
2956:
2943:
2931:
2929:, p. 101.
2916:
2904:
2888:
2876:
2862:
2831:
2819:
2807:The Irish News
2793:
2762:
2755:
2737:
2725:
2694:
2675:
2659:
2643:
2636:
2618:
2602:
2579:
2553:
2529:
2513:
2497:
2481:
2462:
2446:
2420:
2405:
2398:
2380:
2373:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2318:
2302:
2281:
2262:
2255:
2237:
2218:
2202:
2186:
2170:
2154:
2138:
2122:
2106:
2090:
2074:
2058:
2042:
2026:
2007:
1995:
1986:
1970:
1954:
1935:
1919:
1903:
1883:
1867:
1851:
1835:
1819:
1803:
1787:
1771:
1755:
1739:
1723:
1707:
1691:
1675:
1659:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1616:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1585:
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1580:
1568:
1563:
1559:
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1555:
1552:
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1537:
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1533:
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1522:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1508:
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1503:
1493:
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1482:
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1471:
1468:
1464:
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1457:
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1452:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
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1396:
1391:
1387:
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1383:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1350:
1347:
1337:
1334:
1265:General Nugent
1251:
1248:
1203:as member for
1146:
1145:Ascendant peer
1143:
1022: 1760–76
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
995:
992:
982:
971:
965:
955:
952:
946:
943:
937:
911:
908:
872:House of Lords
863:
860:
856:
855:
849:
815:
812:
783:
780:
777:
776:
775:
774:
771:
762:
759:
756:
753:
747:
740:
739:
731:
730:
727:
725:
724:
722:
715:
712:
710:
705:
702:
700:
695:
687:
685:
684:
674:
672:
671:
658:
656:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
630:
628:
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
598:
597:
595:
593:
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588:
587:
576:
574:
561:
559:
550:
548:
534:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
518:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
478:
477:
475:
473:
471:
468:
467:
466:c. 1751 – 1833
456:
454:
443:
441:
427:
425:
424:
422:
420:
418:
416:
414:
412:
409:
408:
406:
403:
402:
387:
385:
376:
374:
365:
363:
360:
359:
357:
355:
353:
351:
349:
346:
345:
343:
341:
339:
337:
335:
333:
331:
329:
327:
325:
323:
321:
319:
317:
315:
313:
310:
308:
307:
298:
296:
294:
292:
283:
281:
274:
272:
271:
263:
262:
228:
225:
211:, and British
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
151:, & others
142:
130:
129:
122:
118:
117:
110:
106:
105:
98:
94:
93:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58: 1800–08
48:
40:
39:
34:
30:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3947:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
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3898:
3896:
3893:
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3883:
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3841:
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3824:
3820:
3811:
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3804:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3780:
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3773:
3769:
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3754:
3747:
3745:
3740:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3695:
3693:0-19-861363-6
3689:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3633:(1): 80–101.
3632:
3628:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3613:0-19-861402-0
3609:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3591:
3586:
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3575:
3568:
3567:
3561:
3557:
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3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3383:
3377:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3358:
3356:0-86193-106-8
3352:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3319:Debrett, John
3316:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3304:Debrett, John
3301:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3281:Debrett, John
3278:
3274:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3185:
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3177:
3176:
3171:
3167:
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3159:
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3154:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3099:
3092:
3087:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3048:
3044:
3039:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3021:
3011:
3004:
3003:9780856405587
3000:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2979:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2953:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2923:
2921:
2914:, p. 32.
2913:
2908:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2885:
2884:Courtney 2013
2880:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2838:
2836:
2828:
2823:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2789:
2788:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2758:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2729:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2698:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2656:
2654:
2647:
2639:
2637:9780850340457
2633:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2550:
2549:9780856405587
2546:
2542:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2443:
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2433:
2427:
2425:
2416:
2409:
2401:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2376:
2374:9780717146499
2370:
2366:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2310:Hamilton 1898
2306:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2223:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1990:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1888:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1626:
1620:
1611:
1607:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1575:, succeeding
1574:
1571:Accession of
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1403:, succeeding
1402:
1399:Accession of
1397:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1316:Northern Star
1310:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1272:court martial
1268:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:Irish Commons
1198:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1142:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1131:Dublin Castle
1128:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1078:Privy Council
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1033:Mount Stewart
1030:
1016:
1011:
1000:
996:
993:
991:
987:
983:
980:
976:
972:
970:
966:
964:
963:Brent Spencer
960:
956:
953:
951:
947:
944:
942:
938:
935:
932:
931:
930:
927:
925:
921:
917:
916:Frances Pratt
907:
905:
901:
895:
893:
889:
885:
879:
877:
873:
869:
859:
853:
850:
847:
846:
845:
842:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
821:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
772:
770:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
744:
742:
741:
736:
726:
721:
718:Marquesses of
692:
686:
683:
679:
673:
668:
667:
653:
652:
631:
629:
599:
596:
594:
592:
590:
589:
584:
583:
571:
570:
556:
545:
544:
535:
532:
526:
522:
520:
519:
504:
500:
498:
488:
484:
482:
479:
476:
474:
472:
470:
469:
464:
463:
451:
438:
428:
426:
410:
407:
405:
404:
395:
394:
382:
371:
370:
361:
358:
350:
348:
347:
340:
336:
334:
330:
328:
311:
309:
304:
289:
279:
273:
268:
265:
264:
260:
259:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
233:Mount Stewart
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:Acts of Union
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
181:
177:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
143:
140:
139:
131:
128:
127:Frances Pratt
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
103:Mount Stewart
99:
95:
91:
90:Mount Stewart
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
52:
46:
41:
37:
27:
22:
19:
3848:
3837:
3826:
3807:
3803:New creation
3802:
3776:
3771:
3737:
3724:
3719:Bernard Ward
3677:
3630:
3626:
3597:
3565:
3542:
3535:. Retrieved
3511:
3499:. Retrieved
3494:
3490:
3464:
3432:
3408:
3385:. Retrieved
3367:
3344:
3323:
3308:
3285:
3262:
3239:
3225:
3203:
3174:
3152:
3121:
3113:
3107:
3098:
3086:
3070:
3059:Debrett 1838
3054:
3038:
3010:
2994:
2986:
2966:
2959:
2951:
2946:
2934:
2907:
2891:
2879:
2867:. Retrieved
2844:
2822:
2812:20 September
2810:. Retrieved
2806:
2796:
2785:
2746:
2740:
2728:
2704:
2697:
2686:Cokayne 1893
2671:131, line 17
2667:Cokayne 1893
2662:
2652:
2646:
2627:
2621:
2605:
2597:
2591:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2540:
2532:
2521:Teggins 2020
2516:
2505:Debrett 1808
2500:
2484:
2454:Cokayne 1893
2449:
2441:
2435:
2414:
2408:
2389:
2383:
2364:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2305:
2273:Debrett 1828
2246:
2240:
2210:Debrett 1838
2205:
2189:
2182:635, line 15
2178:Debrett 1828
2173:
2157:
2141:
2125:
2109:
2102:635, line 12
2098:Debrett 1828
2093:
2077:
2070:635, line 16
2066:Debrett 1828
2061:
2045:
2038:635, line 11
2034:Debrett 1828
2029:
2018:Debrett 1838
1989:
1973:
1957:
1946:Debrett 1828
1927:Debrett 1838
1922:
1911:Debrett 1838
1906:
1896:
1870:
1859:Debrett 1838
1854:
1838:
1831:634, line 53
1827:Debrett 1828
1822:
1811:Debrett 1838
1806:
1799:634, line 44
1795:Debrett 1828
1790:
1783:634, line 43
1779:Debrett 1828
1774:
1767:634, line 52
1763:Debrett 1828
1758:
1751:634, line 42
1747:Debrett 1828
1742:
1735:634, line 51
1731:Debrett 1828
1726:
1715:Cokayne 1893
1710:
1694:
1678:
1662:
1619:
1610:
1570:
1565:
1473:Father died
1398:
1393:
1352:
1339:
1330:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1281:
1269:
1261:tuberculosis
1253:
1235:
1225:
1217:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1150:
1148:
1135:
1119:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1071:
1051:American War
1040:
1037:
1026:
928:
913:
900:John Hampden
896:
880:
876:Baron Bangor
868:Bernard Ward
865:
857:
843:
832:
817:
788:Robert Cowan
785:
749:
681:
661:
646:
579:
564:
552:
538:
458:
447:
430:
390:
378:
368:
300:
285:
261:Family tree
230:
223:as a rebel.
197:Presbyterian
175:
174:
136:
18:
3875:1821 deaths
3870:1739 births
3730:County Down
3501:18 November
3456:Lodge, John
3405:Lee, Sidney
3130:47, line 12
3104:"No. 13922"
3047:46, line 35
2939:Porter 1991
2898:, pp.
2827:Waters 1990
2733:Waters 1990
2690:131, line 9
2588:"No. 13922"
2565:"No. 13821"
2489:Alison 1861
2458:131, line 6
2432:"No. 13131"
2390:Castlereagh
2247:Castllreagh
1950:635, line 5
1843:Watson 2004
1683:Watson 2004
1501:Edward Ward
1497:Arthur Hill
1307:Billy Bluff
1303:Billy Bluff
1244:aristocracy
1215:unopposed.
1123:Henry Flood
1111:Edward Ward
1103:Arthur Hill
1063:Newtownards
979:Robert Ward
922:politician
884:John Wilkes
808:County Down
800:Newtownards
752:(1739–1821)
720:Londonderry
699:the article
539:Castlereagh
193:Ulster Scot
187:landowner,
185:County Down
3864:Categories
3854:1789–1821
3843:1795–1821
3832:1796–1821
3813:1816–1821
3782:1800–1821
3746:1776–1783
3739:Roger Hall
3715:Roger Hall
3437:. London:
3253:1180836840
3178:. London:
3128:, p.
3077:, p.
3061:, p.
3045:, p.
3029:, p.
3027:Burke 1949
2869:1 November
2756:0856405582
2688:, p.
2669:, p.
2612:, p.
2523:, p.
2507:, p.
2491:, p.
2475:, p.
2456:, p.
2399:000216308X
2331:, p.
2312:, p.
2296:, p.
2275:, p.
2256:000216308X
2231:, p.
2212:, p.
2196:, p.
2194:Burke 1949
2180:, p.
2164:, p.
2162:Burke 1949
2148:, p.
2146:Burke 1949
2132:, p.
2130:Burke 1949
2116:, p.
2114:Burke 1949
2100:, p.
2084:, p.
2082:Burke 1949
2068:, p.
2052:, p.
2050:Burke 1949
2036:, p.
2020:, p.
1980:, p.
1978:Lodge 1789
1964:, p.
1948:, p.
1929:, p.
1913:, p.
1877:, p.
1861:, p.
1845:, p.
1829:, p.
1813:, p.
1797:, p.
1781:, p.
1765:, p.
1749:, p.
1733:, p.
1717:, p.
1701:, p.
1685:, p.
1669:, p.
1653:, p.
894:movement.
697:Subject of
249:Tyrconnell
169:Mary Cowan
3772:New title
3741:1771–1776
3647:0488-0196
3537:14 August
3474:264906028
3434:1599–1800
3333:315551200
3295:550538579
3170:Bew, John
3162:456774545
2714:cite book
2614:688 above
1703:1148–1150
1635:Citations
1448:1775, Jun
1363:Timeline
1322:Jane Greg
1085:Dungannon
1067:fencibles
981:of Bangor
904:Charles I
892:Volunteer
765:Alexander
670:1821–1884
655:1805–1872
647:Frederick
586:1800–1865
573:1778–1854
553:Catherine
547:1769–1822
453:1739–1821
440:1747–1770
373:1699–1781
369:Alexander
121:Spouse(s)
73:Successor
68:1816–1821
3676:(eds.).
3655:29742440
3596:(eds.).
3550:cite web
3458:(1789).
3447:13112546
3399:(1898).
3387:30 April
3306:(1828).
3283:(1808).
3257:– L to M
3237:(1893).
3223:(1949).
3213:28297274
3172:(2012).
3150:(1861).
2993:(1995),
2927:Bew 2012
2778:(1896).
2655:, Dublin
2539:(1995),
1962:Bew 2012
1875:Bew 2012
1667:Bew 2012
1651:Bew 2012
1240:commoner
666:Marquess
651:Marquess
569:Marquess
543:Marquess
450:Marquess
435:Seymour-
401:Governor
245:Mountjoy
180:PC (Ire)
36:PC (Ire)
3497:: 24–35
3493:. 2nd.
3462:(ed.).
3423:8544105
3407:(ed.).
3140:Sources
3091:Rayment
1719:131–134
1326:Belfast
1277:Killead
1153:in the
1097:In the
870:to the
580:Frances
565:Charles
558:d. 1812
460:Frances
433:Frances
397:d. 1737
384:d. 1788
306:d. 1733
291:Colonel
288:Stewart
286:William
149:Charles
3736:With:
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1374:Event
1294:; and
1159:Robert
1029:Bangor
852:Robert
824:Oxford
804:Comber
750:Robert
707:Robert
682:Legend
662:George
445:Robert
437:Conway
399:Bombay
391:Robert
215:). In
166:Mother
156:Father
145:Robert
138:Detail
109:Buried
65:Tenure
3668:. In
3651:JSTOR
3588:. In
3570:(PDF)
3487:(PDF)
3403:. In
3372:(PDF)
2900:53–55
1602:Notes
1518:50–51
1489:43–44
1456:36–37
1434:31–32
1047:Crown
709:Cowan
555:Bligh
462:Pratt
431:Sarah
393:Cowan
381:Cowan
303:Cowan
253:siege
241:Derry
133:Issue
3728:for
3688:ISBN
3643:ISSN
3608:ISBN
3556:link
3539:2020
3516:ISBN
3503:2020
3470:OCLC
3443:OCLC
3419:OCLC
3389:2021
3376:ISBN
3351:ISBN
3329:OCLC
3291:OCLC
3267:ISBN
3249:OCLC
3209:OCLC
3184:ISBN
3158:OCLC
2999:ISBN
2972:ISBN
2871:2021
2858:ISBN
2814:2021
2751:ISBN
2720:link
2632:ISBN
2545:ISBN
2394:ISBN
2369:ISBN
2251:ISBN
1521:1790
1499:and
1492:1783
1459:1776
1437:1771
1371:Date
1256:Ards
920:Whig
802:and
582:Vane
379:Mary
301:John
217:1798
195:and
97:Died
83:Born
3635:doi
3079:669
2850:doi
2525:306
2477:683
2314:345
2277:634
2233:674
2214:313
1368:Age
874:as
806:in
794:as
714:XXX
704:XXX
694:XXX
664:5th
649:4th
567:3rd
541:2nd
448:1st
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