Right to sit - Knowledge

1390: 936: 1139:'s Factory Regulations law protects factory workers' right to sit. The law states that where "any persons employed in a factory have in the course of their employment reasonable opportunities for sitting without detriment to their work, there shall be provided and maintained for their use suitable facilities for sitting sufficient to enable them to take advantage of those opportunities." When the majority of work is done while sitting, a worker must be provided by their employer "a seat of a design, construction and dimensions suitable for him and the work, together with a foot-rest on which he can readily and comfortably support his feet if he cannot do so without a foot-rest", and furthermore, "the arrangements shall be such that the seat is adequately and properly supported while in use for the purpose for which it is provided." 264: 1148: 1258:'s Labour Code Order, 1992 states that "here employees have in the course of their employment reasonable opportunity for sitting without detriment to their work, there shall be provided and maintained for their use suitable seats to enable them to take advantage of those opportunities." Furthermore, the law stipulates that "here a substantial proportion of any work can properly be done sitting, there shall be provided and maintained for each employee doing that work a seat of a design, construction and dimensions suitable for him or her and for the work, together with a back-rest if practicable, and a foot-rest on which he or she can readily and comfortably support his or her feet if he or she cannot do so without a foot-rest." 20: 383:'s Shops Act, Chapter 287, states that women workers have a right to suitable seating. The law states that "The occupier of every shop in which female shop assistants are employed shall at all times provide and keep...chairs or other suitable accommodation behind the counter or in such other position as may be suitable for the purpose for the sole use of such female shop assistants in the proportion of not less than one chair or other seating accommodation to every three females employed and shall permit them to make use of such chairs or other seating accommodation when they are not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which they are employed..." 1498: 282:, an Australian government agency, "Too much sitting or standing is bad for your health. Prolonged standing can increase risk of fatigue and illness. Workers should not stay in a seated, standing or static posture for long periods. Persons conducting a business or undertaking have a duty to keep workers safe from the risks of excessive sitting and standing." The agency recommends that employers provide their workers with a "chair, stool or support, so they can alternate between sitting and standing" or "a footrest large enough for the whole foot, so they can stand with either foot raised." 140: 1292:

course of their employment, reasonable opportunities for sitting without detriment to their work, there shall be provided and maintained suitable and sufficient seating facilities for their use." Regulation 30 (2) stipulates that employers must provide workers in these jobs suitable seating and that the seating "arrangements shall be such that the seat is adequately and properly supported while in use for the purpose for which it is provided." Enforcement of these provisions are carried out by the Malaysian Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), a department of the

1757:'s Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006 protects workers' right to sit. The act states that workers must be granted a "reasonable opportunity to sit during the period of their work, sufficient and suitable seats shall be provided and maintained by the employer, to enable the workers take advantage of the opportunity to sit." The act also states that if a "substantial proportion of any work can be properly done while sitting, an employer shall provide and maintain, for each employee doing the work, a seat of a design, construction and dimension suitable for that work." 1055: 128: 7705: 1185: 116: 445: 5794: 1846:'s revised edition of the Shops Regulation Act established that the "owner or occupier of any shop to which this Act applies in which female shop assistants are employed shall at all times provide and keep therein a sufficient number of suitable seats or chairs for the use of such female shop assistants and shall permit them to use such seats or chairs when not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which they are employed." The law is still in force. 923: 70: 1000:. The right to sit provision was granted as an amended subsection of the Tamil Nadu Shops and Establishments Act, 1947. The amendment, Section 22-A of the Act, reads: "The premises of every establishment shall have suitable seating arrangements for all employees so that they may take advantage of any opportunity to sit which may occur in the course of their work and thereby avoid 'on their toes' situation throughout the working hours." 690: 1009: 603:'s Occupational Safety and Health Regulations states that "If there is a reasonable opportunity for a worker to work while seated without substantially detracting from the work, an employer shall provide and maintain...a seat that is suitably designed, constructed, dimensioned and supported for the worker to do the work; and (b) if needed, a footrest that can readily and comfortably support the worker's feet." 5823: 1809:

a "suitable seat shall be provided for each person at work in the workplace whose work includes operations of a kind that the work (or a substantial part of it) can or must be done sitting." Seating can only be considered suitable if it is "suitable for the person for whom it is provided as well as for the operations to be performed" and "a suitable footrest is also provided where necessary."

566:, the Statutes of 1912 granted suitable seating to women workers. The law stated that "Every employer shall at all times provide and keep in the shop occupied by him a sufficient and suitable seat or chair for the use of every female employed in such shop, and shall permit her to use such seat or chair when not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which she is employed in such shop..." 1998:("Diseases of Workers"), one of the first recorded works arguing that prolonged standing was injurious to the health of workers. In the chapter concerning "Workers Who Stand", Ramazzini called for a reduction in hours spent standing while working. Ramazzini cites carpenters, loggers, carvers, blacksmiths, and masons as examples of workers required to stand for great lengths of time. 638:'s "Regulation respecting industrial and commercial establishments" protected a worker's right to sit "where the nature of the work process allows it." In 1989, a middle-aged supermarket cashier with back pain filed a complaint after being denied the right to sit. A Quebec appeals tribunal ruled in favor of the cashier and her union in 1991. Article 11.7.1 was later revoked. 510:, provided that if an Inspector can determine that "the whole or a substantial portion of the work upon which female employees are engaged in a factory can be efficiently performed while such employees are seated, the employer shall, forthwith upon being required to do so by the Inspector in writing, provide such seats as may be directed by the Inspector." The 1371:

of opinion that any workers of class of workers in a factory (male or female) can conveniently and satisfactorily do their work or a substantial part thereof while sitting." The law stipulated that the Inspector may check seating as a regular aspect of inspections. A 1950 survey of factories and mills found the enforcement of the law to be "reasonably good".

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women workers. Most state laws covered manufacturing and mechanical jobs, with some states covering virtually all jobs. Commons and Andrews claimed that these early right to sit laws were "of little real importance in protecting health...since it is practically impossible to see that employers and foremen allow the seats to be used even when provided."

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three employees in each room and it shall be the duty of the employer to permit the employees to make use of such seats whenever the use thereof does not interfere with their work, and the employer shall in such manner and form as may be prescribed by regulations made by the Minister give notice informing such employees that they are intended to do so.

649:, was ordered by his employer to stand while working after he brought a bench to work. He was reprimanded again for leaning against a wall after his bench was prohibited. Stating that "We're not lazy, we're old", the worker insisted on his right to sit. His right to sit was only granted after multiple requests, with Costco demanding that he provide a 1876:, noted that an aspect of early 20th century labor reforms that is "articularly striking is the special protection of women manifested in the laws on seats, toilets, and dressing-rooms." At the time, all right to sit legislation in the United States was gendered, applying specifically to women workers. They write that as "far back as the end of the 579:

that seating must be "suitably designed, constructed, dimensioned and supported for the worker to do the work, including, where necessary, a footrest that can readily and comfortably support the feet." If standing during work is necessary, the employer must "provide an antifatigue mat, footrest or other suitable device to provide relief."

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contained gendered language specifying women workers only. Some jurisdictions maintain gendered laws, such as Belize and Trinidad and Tobago, but many jurisdictions have amended their right to sit laws to be gender neutral. Jurisdictions without general right to sit laws often grant seating to disabled, pregnant, or minor workers as a

1892:, had passed laws requiring some form of suitable seating for women workers. The majority of states with right to sit laws specify that "suitable seats" be provided by employers and that workers be allowed to sit when standing is not required. The only state in the United States without a right to sit law by 1932 was Mississippi. 1833:

The Factories Act of Gibraltar, passed in 1956, protects a workers right to sit. The act reads: "There shall be provided and maintained, for the use of all workers whose work is done standing, suitable facilities for sitting sufficient to enable them to take advantage of any opportunities for resting

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states that "Suitable seats should be provided for workers to use during breaks." Suitable seating during a worker's break must be located in a suitable place where protective equipment need not be worn. Office workers who sit in office chairs are considered to already have suitable seating. Suitable

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in retail outlets are expected to stand for much of their shifts, but are still granted the right to sit down some of the time. The law also states that seating provided to workers must be "well-designed and comfortable" and must be regularly maintained and replaced when damaged." The law states that

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states that "he owner or occupier of any shop to which this Act applies in which female shop assistants are employed shall at all times provide and keep therein a sufficient number of suitable seats or chairs for the use of such female shop assistants and shall permit them to use such seats or chairs

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includes a right to sit provision. The act states that "If, in the course of their work, workers have reasonable opportunities for sitting without substantial detriment to their work, an employer or contractor shall provide and maintain for their use appropriate seating to enable the workers to sit."

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Some jurisdictions have revoked their right to sit laws, including Quebec, Washington, D.C., Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New Hampshire, North Dakota and Vermont. Many right to sit laws originally

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the dangers of constant standing for salesgirls were recognized, and it was urged that they be furnished seats and allowed to use them." They note that the first state to pass right to sit legislation for women workers was New York in 1881. By 1916, almost every state had such a right to sit law for

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contains a suitable seating provision for female workers. The law states that "In all rooms of a shop where female shop assistant are employed the occupier of the shop shall provide seats behind the counter, or in such other position as may be suitable for the purpose, and such seats shall be in the

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and other supermarkets be allowed to sit down while working. Ten years had passed since South Korean retail workers had first organized for the right to sit in 2008. While the campaign by the Federation of Korean Trade Unions has not secured a change to South Korean law, some supermarkets have begun

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In 1950, New Zealand labor law stated that it is an "employer's obligation to provide suitable facilities for sitting sufficient to enable female workers whose work is done standing to take advantage of opportunities for rest, while the Inspector may require suitable seats to be provided where he is

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fiercely lobbied against the law, arguing it should reserve the right to serve customers the way it sees fit. The law recognized the right to sit while working, and forced employers to provide chairs for the cashiers, salespersons and service workers unless employers could prove that the job at hand

623:. The report mentions that employers often would not let women workers sit down because they believed sitting gave "an appearance of dullness of trade." Given the lack of enforcement, the report recommended a system of inspection covering the whole province to effectively guarantee the right to sit. 618:

in 1888, the same year that Manitoba passed similar legislation, the highlight of which included the right to sit for female workers. An 1891 report published by the University College, Toronto on "The Conditions of Female Labour" mentions that while the Shops Regulation Act protected women workers'

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grants suitable seating to female workers, stating that "The owner or occupier of any shop to which this Act applies in which female shop assistants are employed shall at all times provide and keep therein a sufficient number of suitable seats or chairs for the use of such female shop assistants and

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Apruébase la "Ley de la Silla" haciéndose obligatorio la existencia de sillas en establecimientos y locales comerciales para que empleadas u obreras tomen asiento cuando sus tareas así lo permitan, disponiéndose que los Inspectores de Trabajo tendrán el contralor del cumplimiento, el pago de multas

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Most states have subsequently repealed their suitable seating laws, including Alabama, Connecticut, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, North Dakota, Vermont, and Virginia. Six states have amended their right to sit laws with gender neutral language, but some states retain gendered, female-specific

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stipulated that "Every shopkeeper is hereby required to provide proper sitting accommodation for females employed in his shop, and if any shopkeeper fails to comply wIth the requirements of this section he shall for every week during which he fails be liable to a penalty not exceeding five pounds."

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According to Palithodi, despite changes to the law, some employers have refused to comply. Noting that the movement to ensure suitable seating is not over, Palithodi said that "There are several employers who still do not abide by the law. They are adamant about not allowing their employees to sit.

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states that "If there is a reasonable opportunity for a worker to work while seated without substantially detracting from the work, an employer shall provide and maintain (a) a seat that is suitably designed, constructed, dimensioned and supported for the worker to do the work; and (b) if needed, a

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mandates the placement of seats that assure a worker's right posture, capable of avoiding uncomfortable or forceful positions, whenever the task demands the worker to be seated. This same article has a single paragraph stating, furthermore, that when a worker performs a task standing, seats will be

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labor law protects a worker's right to suitable seating, with detailed guidelines on properly ensuring suitable seating in the workplace. Regulation 30 (1) of the Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations 1970 stipulates that "every factory where persons employed have in the

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and Australia, as well as the majority of Canadian provinces, passed right to sit legislation for women workers between 1881 and 1917. US states with current right to sit legislation include California, Florida, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and

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refers to laws or policies granting workers the right to be granted suitable seating at the workplace. Jurisdictions that have enshrined "right to sit" laws or policies include Japan, Mexico, France, Spain, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Jamaica, South Africa, Eswatini, Cameroon, Tanzania, Uganda,

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In all rooms of any premises where retail trade or business is carried on and where employees are working the employer shall provide seats behind the counter, or in such other position as may be suitable for the purpose, and such seats shall be in the proportion of not less than one seat to every

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requires that all employers, where reasonably practicable, must "provide an ergonomically sound seat for every employee whose work can be effectively performed while sitting". Workers whose jobs are usually performed while standing must be allowed to "take advantage of any opportunity for sitting

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must guarantee that a "worker in the course of his or her work has a reasonable opportunity to sit without detriment to his or her work, an employer shall provide and maintain suitable seating for the worker's use to enable him or her to take advantage of that opportunity." The law further states

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Some countries have specific seating accommodations for disabled, pregnant, or minor workers. Federal law in the United States protects the right to sit for pregnant workers and disabled workers who qualify. Some sub-national jurisdictions grant suitable seating to disabled, pregnant, or minor

1718:, the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2003 states that "There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all workers whose work is carried while standing, suitable seats to enable them for sitting to take advantage of any rest period which may occur in the course of their employment." 1434:

passed Republic Act No. 679, a provision of which granted women workers and child workers the right to sit. The act stipulated that it "shall be the duty of every employer...to provide seats proper for women and children and permit them to use such seats when they are free from work and during

1645:) for women workers in 1912. The law was controversial at the time because it was considered paternalistic and discriminatory. Due to criticism of the gendered nature of the law, it was amended in 1918 to apply to all workers regardless of sex. The law is still active, but is rarely enforced. 3980:

V.- Mantener el número suficiente de asientos o sillas a disposición de los trabajadores en las casas comerciales, oficinas, hoteles, restaurantes y otros centros de trabajo análogos. La misma disposición se observará en los establecimientos industriales cuando lo permita la naturaleza del

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working hours, provided they can perform their duties in this position without detriment to efficiency." Republic Act No. 679 was repealed on May 1, 1974, by Presidential Decree No. 442, which maintained the right to sit provision for women workers but omitted mention of child workers.

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mandates that employers must provide suitable seating for workers when that are not engaged in work that requires standing. This regulation applies even to workers who can only sit down some of the time. Cashiers are expected to sit down for most of their shift, rather than stand.

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could not have been carried out from a sitting position. The law was passed in February 2007 and went into effect in May 2007. In December 2007, the Histadrut filed a lawsuit against 61 major retail shops and outlets that they alleged were violating the right to sit law, demanding

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lists varicose veins, swelling and inflammation from blood pooling in the legs and feet, general muscle pain and fatigue, and pain in the feet, legs, back, and neck as dangers of prolonged standing, as well as joint immobilization in the knees, feet, hips, and spine.

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establishes that "ufficient and suitable seats shall be supplied for workers and workers shall be given reasonable opportunities of using them." This United Nations convention has been ratified by 52 states as of 2023. The law entered into force on 29 March 1966.

828:'s Employment Act, 1980, guarantees a worker's right to sit. The act states that "very employer shall, where a substantial proportion of the work being carried out by his employees can be carried out sitting, provide suitable seating for such employees." 4135:

There shall be provided and maintained, for the use of all female assistants whose work is done standing, suitable facilities for sitting sufficient to enable them to take advantage of any opportunities for resting which may occur in the course of their

914:'s Shops (Consolidation) Act states in Chapter 91:04 that the "occupier of a shop shall provide for the sole use of shop assistants seating accommodation" when suitable and that there should be no less than one chair for every three employees in a room. 710:. The chair law was one of the earliest successes of the Chilean labour movement. The original chair law no longer exists, but the text of Chile's current suitable seating law is found in Title I, Book II, Article 193 of the Chilean Labor Code of 1994. 534:, the highlight of which was "the requirement for employers to provide a sufficient number of suitable seats or chairs for the use of their female employees who shall be permitted to use the same when not necessarily engaged in their work or duty." 467:

and two of the three territories have passed right to sit legislation at some point; Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec, and Saskatchewan.

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Lesotho, Malaysia, Brazil, Israel, Ireland, Zambia, Guyana, the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, several Canadian provinces and territories, and the British overseas territories of Gibraltar and Montserrat. Almost all states of the

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which may occur, and for this purpose the employer shall provide seating facilities." All employers are required to "provide seats with backrests where the nature of work performed by the employees is such that such seats can be used."

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Right to sit laws have been repealed in New Brunswick and Quebec. Right to sit laws are active in the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Saskatchewan. Nunavut and Northwest Territories both have active right to sit laws.

3417: 1951:, has provisions for suitable seating. The law states that workers "shall be provided and maintained for their use suitable facilities for sitting" as long as the work can be reasonably performed while seated. 1322:

Article 132, Section V of Mexico's Federal Labor Law states that employers must maintain a suitable number of seats for workers when the work can reasonably be performed while seated. In 2023, the "Chair Law"

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had a right to sit law in 1956. The law stated that "hen requested by employees, and where practicable, suitable seats shall be provided by the employer for female employees in positions handy to their work."

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right to sit, the law was "to a large extent, a dead letter...as there is no system of inspection under the Act." However, the report notes that some scattered attempts at enforcement had been made in

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passed legislation requiring that every "female shop assistant or journeyman shall be provided with a chair, seat, or other suitable appliance for use during the hours she is employed in the shop."

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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration in Finland states that "If the work can be performed sitting down, seats must be provided. Seats are also needed to enable workers to take breaks."

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which may occur in the course of their employment. Where a substantial proportion of any work can properly be done sitting suitable seats shall be provided for all persons employed on such work.

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were guaranteed a right to sit. Ordinance No. 15 of 1939 states that "Every employer shall provide suitable seating accommodation for his shop assistants, to enable them to rest when possible".

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were guaranteed a right to sit. Ordinance No. 15 of 1939 states that "Every employer shall provide suitable seating accommodation for his shop assistants, to enable them to rest when possible".

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and Noreen Burrows argued against sex-specific provisions in right to sit laws because "working conditions should be as safe and as pleasant as possible for all employees" regardless of sex.

3914: 1442:. The bill would require owners of shopping malls, department stores, and other retail outlets to allow their workers to sit when not attending to customers. The law was proposed by 296:

As of 2008, the right to sit law in New South Wales stated that "When requested by employees and where practicable, suitable seats shall be provided by the employer for employees."

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In much of Europe it is the norm for cashiers to sit while working, whereas prolonged standing while working is the norm in most of North America, Asia, and Australia.

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passed a suitable seating law in 1935 stating that all workers must be provided chairs with backrests, provided that the job can be reasonably performed while seated.

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Guiliano, Franco; Leonardo, Fusetti (January 2004). "Bernardino Ramazzini's early observations of the link between musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic factors".

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Elke werkgewer moet geskikte sitplekke vir sy winkelbedieqdes verskaf, sodat hulle kan rus wanneer dit moontlik is, asook geskikte gemak'huise en gesondheidsgeriewe.

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Elke werkgewer moet geskikte sitplekke vir sy winkelbedieqdes verskaf, sodat hulle kan rus wanneer dit moontlik is, asook geskikte gemak'huise en gesondheidsgeriewe.

3543: 2107: 436:'s right to sit law states that "There shall be provided suitable seats for the use of workers whose work is carried while sitting continuously or intermittently." 4964: 4320: 160: 1800: 1389: 1161:

Japanese occupational and safety regulations require businesses to provide chairs for workers if they can perform their jobs while seated. In 2024, the Japanese

6848: 107:, corporate opposition to these laws is "about maintaining unilateral control of the workplace" and maintaining "flexibility" for owners to do what they want. 5814: 5422: 4797: 4463: 3938: 1075: 935: 5608: 5393: 4887: 2010: 5809: 5443: 5405: 1450:. Señeres stated that excessive standing is "deleterious to the health of the workers, especially women" as well as "inhuman as only animals like 1211:, a provision of which protected the right to sit for female workers using the exact language of the national 1949 colonial-era right to sit law. 73:

Dark green: national right to sit laws. Light green: right to sit laws at the state, provincial, or local levels. Light blue: ratification of the

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determined that cashiers, chefs, machine tool operators, and other workers who are required to stand for long hours, are at heightened risk of

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The right to sit movement in India has been led by the Kerala-based feminist labor union Penkoottu. The Penkoottu labor union was founded by

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Cashiers typically sit down while working in many European countries. This is partly because many large European retail chains let customers

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proportion of not less than one seat to every three female shop assistants employed in each room, with a minimum of one seat in each room."

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Awards, Agreements, Orders, and Decisions Made Under the Industrial Relations Act, the Apprentices Act, and Other Industrial Legislation

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American corporations have strongly opposed right to sit laws. According to John Logan, the director of Labor and Employment Studies at

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The United Kingdom ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 21 April 1967.

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on 12 June 1969, thereby guaranteeing "Sièges appropriés à la disposition des travailleurs" (Appropriate seats available to workers).

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laws. California, Florida, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, Oregon, and Wisconsin have active, gender neutral right to sit laws.

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The campaign to gain the right to sit in India has been led by working-class feminists, labor union organizers, and communists in

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or comfort, but rather due to research which suggests that workers who are allowed to sit down are more productive and efficient.

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in the United Kingdom supports workers' right to sit, stating that excessive standing "can cause backache and pain in the legs".

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claims that female-specific provisions in right to sit laws "reinforced stereotypes regarding women's frailty." Law professors

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states that employers must provide seating facilities for workers and must provide reasonable opportunities for sitting down.

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organizations backed the law by claiming that the practice was insulting and disrespectful, while large chain-store retailer

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followed in September 2021, becoming the second Indian state to pass similar legislation. Tamil Nadu's law was introduced by

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shall permit them to use such seats or chairs when not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which they are employed."

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shall permit them to use such seats or chairs when not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which they are employed."

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announced that it would investigate retail employers such as supermarkets that refuse to provide seating for their workers.

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Brazil ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 24 March 1969.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 22 September 1967.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 23 September 1968.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 6 September 1995.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 26 November 1993.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 18 February 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 24 February 1983.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 21 November 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 12 December 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 21 November 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 5 September 1967.

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issued a statement that their company did not have a "no sitting" policy after workers and the workers' rights group

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 21 October 1975.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 5 December 1973.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 5 February 1971.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 27 January 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 31 January 1977.

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Report IV-[VIII Prepared for The] International Labour Conference, Thirty-eighth Session, 1955 · Volumes 4-8

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Un siège approprié est mis à la disposition de chaque travailleur à son poste de travail ou à proximité de celui-ci.

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Report IV-[VIII Prepared for The] International Labour Conference, Thirty-eighth Session, 1955 · Volumes 4-8

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 3 October 1994.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 1 January 1993.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 1 January 1993.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 14 April 1970.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 25 April 1966.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 31 March 1992.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 11 March 1965.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 10 March 1969.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 3 August 1978.

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ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 29 March 1965.

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to sit while attending to their registers. Aldi allows their workers to sit down not because of concern for worker

4931: 3001: 2623:"REPORT OF THE INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION ON THE CONDITION OF FOREIGN LEGISLATION UPON MATTERS AFFECTING GENERAL LABOR" 1769:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 19 June 1968.

1695:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 10 June 1965.

1673:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 11 June 1965.

1651:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 16 June 1970.

1478:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 26 June 1968.

1422:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 10 July 1967.

1411:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 19 June 1970.

1319:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 18 June 1968.

1269:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 8 April 2008.

1233:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 8 March 1993.

1158:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 21 June 1993.

1034:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 6 March 1987.

1023:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 13 June 1969.

853:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 6 April 1972.

795:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 17 June 1970.

7819: 7723: 6803: 4719: 4100: 2587: 1980:

protect the right of qualifying disabled and pregnant workers to request standing as a reasonable accommodation.

1914:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 19 Jun 1968.

1865: 1400:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 6 June 1966.

1328: 1244:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 1 June 1977.

997: 681:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 5 June 2006.

372:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 17 May 1978.

361:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 26 Feb 1968.

255:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 19 May 1992.

4613: 3319: 1128:

ratified the International Labour Organization's Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 on 5 May 1971.

7733: 7496: 6868: 6820: 6086: 6034: 5804: 5669: 5324: 5061: 4973: 2927: 2903: 491:

of 1942, which also contains a suitable seating provision for female workers. the 1942 act was replaced by the

271:

Along with New Zealand, 48 of the 50 states of the United States, and most Canadian provinces, the majority of

104: 97: 7584: 7476: 6888: 6436: 5540: 5293: 4242: 3720: 3620:"S.I. No. 358/1995 – Safety, Health and Welfare At Work (Miscellaneous Welfare Provisions) Regulations, 1995" 2653: 1977: 1973: 1336: 1335:. Senator Mercado described the measure as a women's rights concern, due to the fact that retail workers are 951:

have passed right to sit laws as of 2021, with labor activists seeking a nationwide Indian right to sit law.

1864:, numerous states passed laws granting workers the right to suitable seats, specifically for women workers. 7665: 6838: 5889: 5582: 5515: 5268: 5056: 4688: 4637: 3969: 2782: 1994: 4883: 3396: 2728: 325:

unsuccessfully introduced the "Seating in Shops Bill" requiring seats to be provided for shop assistants.

7650: 6863: 5719: 5411: 5319: 5283: 5121: 4661: 3873: 3069: 2981: 2923: 2899: 2708: 2573: 2543: 1475: 1463: 1431: 1381:

In 1981, New Zealand law required that "Seats for females operatives shall be provided with back rests."

1083: 407: 7814: 4365: 3195: 19: 7579: 7461: 6937: 6389: 6081: 5989: 5779: 5684: 5458: 5161: 3451: 3244: 2974: 2735: 2496: 2036: 1805: 4859: 4563:"The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, Regulation 11: Workstations and seating" 7743: 7738: 7559: 7233: 7144: 7023: 5377: 5288: 5273: 5136: 5131: 5106: 4196: 2445:

P13100_LANG_CODE:2699650, fr "Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2011, published 101st ILC session (2012)"

1455: 993: 575: 4913: 3792: 7779: 7748: 7718: 7409: 7211: 6970: 6927: 6893: 6394: 6384: 6066: 5854: 5769: 5694: 5674: 5567: 5191: 5181: 5156: 4668: 4562: 3444: 1600: 1438:

In 2014, House Bill 5258, titled "Right to Sit Down on the Job Act of 2014", was introduced in the

678: 58: 3593:"'Right to sit': Tamil Nadu tables Bill mandating establishments to provide seating for employees" 2951:"Neither a Pedestal nor a Cage: In Pursuit of Genuine Gender Equality in the Philippine Workplace" 2214:"Emotion Work and Musculoskeletal Pain in Supermarket Cashiers: A Test of a Sleep Mediation Model" 1497: 7774: 7675: 7554: 7456: 7394: 7206: 6833: 6720: 6654: 6567: 5739: 5525: 4641: 4072: 3945: 2547: 1821:

rest areas with seating must be provided to workers and all new businesses must install separate

1447: 1331:, which would extend right to sit protections under Mexican law. The law was proposed by Senator 646: 319: 159:

The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) has suitable seating requirements in

4733: 3619: 2975:"Child Labour in Saint John, New Brunswick, and the Campaign for Factory Legislation, 1880-1905" 7529: 7481: 7451: 7288: 7256: 7246: 7063: 7048: 7028: 6910: 6681: 6676: 5951: 5334: 5314: 5101: 5071: 4908: 4593: 4168: 3966:"Conoce las obligaciones que tienen los patrones en el desarrollo de las relaciones de trabajo" 2756: 2082: 2006: 1454:, cows and horses can endure being on their feet" all day. A similar bill was introduce in the 859:

states that suitable seats must be made available to each worker at or near their workstation.

3887: 2701: 1563:'s "Seats for employees engaged in retail trade or business" law guarantees the right to sit. 752:. The bill was passed in October 2023, with 34 votes in favor. The bill was modeled after the 139: 7824: 7809: 7784: 7471: 7466: 7404: 7349: 7298: 6920: 6451: 6424: 6096: 6024: 5329: 4224: 3695: 2516: 1518: 588: 4021:"Senado de México aprueba la "ley silla": qué establece, a quién beneficia y su importancia" 3264: 7799: 7539: 7315: 7268: 7088: 7083: 6858: 6853: 6828: 6768: 6612: 6592: 6544: 6414: 6329: 6167: 5530: 5505: 5309: 5226: 5076: 5066: 5026: 4981: 1989: 1873: 745: 334: 4344: 3793:"No sitting allowed? Japan to question businesses on all-day standing in service industry" 707: 8: 7444: 7439: 7377: 7325: 7043: 7011: 7001: 6883: 6873: 6404: 6399: 6220: 6200: 6121: 6041: 6019: 5999: 5847: 5664: 5547: 5535: 5500: 5278: 5263: 5256: 5236: 5006: 4988: 4783: 4366:"Workers of retail and service industries ask for right to sit down at department stores" 4293: 4097:"DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (REPORT OF THE) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1950" 4045: 3667: 3369: 3240: 2813: 2591: 2475: 2112: 1727: 1662:'s Shop and Office Employees Act of 1954 established the right to sit for women workers. 1097: 1043: 650: 279: 225: 4389: 3217:"'We're not lazy, we're old': 71-year-old worker at Costco wins right to sit on the job" 1054: 550:

of 1946 and 1952 granted suitable seating for all employees regardless of sex. The 1952

463:

There is no right to sit provision under Canadian federal law. At least nine of the ten

7804: 7544: 7508: 7372: 7261: 7241: 7114: 7078: 6965: 6947: 6878: 6514: 6374: 6354: 6309: 6210: 6195: 5699: 5603: 5520: 5339: 4936: 4824: 3745: 3623: 3496: 3055: 2954: 2057: 1114: 1101: 4514: 1789:

c. 21), establishing that one seat should be provided in shops for every three women.

7655: 7635: 7367: 7332: 7164: 7058: 7038: 6957: 6810: 6745: 6419: 6369: 6344: 6304: 6299: 6230: 6076: 5749: 5562: 5241: 5216: 5111: 5096: 4841: 4770: 4272: 3847: 3471: 3175: 2800: 2681: 2462: 2030: 1594: 1348: 856: 346: 4390:"[Newsmaker] Korean service sector workers fight for 'right to sit' at work" 4024: 2212:

Kottwitz, Maria U.; Rolli Salathé, Cornelia; Buser, Carina; Elfering, Achim (2017).

1884:

By 1932, almost all of the states, the District of Columbia, and the territories of

7625: 7414: 7382: 7342: 7337: 7134: 7124: 6942: 6773: 6730: 6703: 6698: 6552: 6519: 6509: 6359: 6287: 6091: 6029: 6009: 5994: 5490: 5485: 5151: 5091: 4833: 4801: 4692: 4393: 2421:"Ratifications of C120 - Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 (No. 120)" 2225: 2052: 1786: 1630: 1332: 503: 322: 127: 2164:"The real reason ALDI checkout clerks have to SIT ON A CHAIR while they serve you" 1339:. The law was approved by the Mexican Senate in February of 2024 on an 82-0 vote. 7769: 7685: 7620: 7429: 7399: 7387: 7251: 7149: 7016: 6349: 6116: 5919: 5894: 5884: 5764: 5744: 5572: 5251: 5246: 5201: 4942: 4837: 4439: 2087: 1869: 1861: 316: 290: 3293: 3265:"Lei núm. 2.951 que establece el descanso en silla a los empleados particulares" 1968:

Some jurisdictions protect both the right to sit and the right to stand. The US

487:

of 1922 granted suitable seating to female workers. The act was replaced by the

7670: 7419: 7320: 7273: 6975: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6634: 6562: 6319: 6277: 5961: 5929: 5729: 5689: 5577: 5557: 5552: 5171: 5051: 4487: 3493:"Why this tailor-activist from Kerala is in the BBC's 100 inspiring women list" 3171:

Pain and Prejudice: What Science Can Learn about Work from the People Who Do It

1796: 1778: 960: 769: 4268:"Some Watsons staff upset with 'no sitting' rule, company says no such policy" 2245: 1629:

to offer chairs to their workers. South Korean women who are required to wear

1522:

when not necessarily engaged in the work or duty for which they are employed.

1443: 1308:, The Occupational Safety and Health Act 2005 protects workers' right to sit. 7763: 7645: 7564: 7549: 7534: 7305: 7283: 7189: 7073: 7006: 6980: 6915: 6758: 6715: 6710: 6557: 6441: 6339: 6061: 5914: 5899: 5734: 5495: 5196: 5141: 4369: 3551: 2040: 753: 543: 50: 3421: 7680: 7660: 7640: 7630: 7605: 7359: 7194: 7174: 7159: 7129: 7119: 6753: 6735: 6671: 6649: 6607: 6597: 6494: 6484: 6456: 6187: 6177: 6004: 5944: 5649: 5613: 5206: 5146: 5116: 4845: 3796: 2673: 2192: 2142: 2062: 1822: 1530: 1197: 1105: 989: 706:'s "chair law" was enacted in 1914, during the administration of President 693:

Chair intended for use by workers at a department store in Santiago, Chile.

661: 546:

were amended to grant the right to sit for female workers. New Brunswick's

3696:"Knesset passes law ordering employers to let employees work sitting down" 1184: 7293: 7216: 7184: 6644: 6587: 6205: 6162: 6137: 6106: 6101: 6056: 5981: 5971: 5956: 5909: 5659: 5126: 5021: 5016: 3348: 3323: 1885: 1681: 1621: 1541:

on 07 Dec 2020, with the convention entering into effect on 07 Dec 2021.

1459: 1359: 1109: 1013: 944: 563: 132: 115: 2900:"CHAPTER 14: An Act Respecting Factories, Shops, Offices, and Elevators" 7503: 7310: 7223: 7201: 7169: 7068: 7053: 7033: 6798: 6763: 6725: 6639: 6602: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6489: 6446: 6431: 6409: 6334: 6172: 6152: 6071: 5939: 5934: 5904: 5870: 5759: 5709: 5679: 5654: 5176: 5166: 5041: 5031: 5011: 5001: 1843: 1703: 1625: 1393:

A checkout station with a chair at a supermarket in Norway, March 2018.

1277: 1266: 1219: 1071: 1066:

In the late 1990s, customers of the Universe Club supermarket chain in

985: 973:

passed a right to sit law in 2018, the first law of its kind in India.

718: 574:

The Newfoundland and Labrador Regulation 2012 states that employers in

304: 275:

passed right to sit legislation during the late 1800s and early 1900s.

252: 120: 5400:

Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro

4587:"Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea Health and Safety Handbook" 4418: 4000: 2650:"New South Wales Industrial Relations Commission (Industrial Gazette)" 2230: 2213: 626:

Ontario's Revised Statutes of 1897 required seats for female workers.

592:

footrest that can readily and comfortably support the worker’s feet."

444: 45:; the international treaty being ratified by 52 countries as of 2023. 7690: 7610: 7424: 7109: 6463: 6364: 6324: 6294: 6215: 6051: 6014: 5480: 5448: 5186: 4996: 3597: 2754: 1922: 1659: 1560: 1305: 1079: 1020: 964: 922: 889: 698: 241: 3643: 3544:"A decade on, 'Right to sit' campaigner says struggle is yet to end" 2189:"Why don't cashiers in the U.S. get to sit like the ones in Europe?" 69: 7524: 6582: 6572: 6504: 6499: 6468: 6314: 6269: 6147: 6142: 6046: 5924: 5724: 5211: 5081: 2167: 1582: 1486: 1419: 1288: 825: 803: 527: 433: 422: 212: 3915:"GUIDELINES ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR SEATING AT WORK" 3345:"Parliament passes bill to tackle standing for long hours at work" 2270:"C120 - Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 (No. 120)" 2211: 689: 16:

Policies granting the right to be granted suitable seating at work

7154: 7104: 6843: 6793: 6577: 6282: 5966: 3647: 3572:"Indian shop workers – most of them women – win the right to sit" 2249: 2077: 2002: 1933: 1911: 1743: 1567: 1549: 1451: 1255: 1241: 1204: 1136: 867: 836: 814: 792: 620: 611: 600: 480: 391: 369: 188: 144: 93: 85:

their own groceries rather than have the cashier do the bagging.

3196:"Regulation respecting industrial and commercial establishments" 2945: 2943: 1574:

complained that Watsons' workers were not being allowed to sit.

1008: 7278: 6626: 6265: 5510: 4218:"CHAPTER 18.31 SHOPS REGULATION ACT and Subsidiary Legislation" 3121: 3097: 3029: 3005: 2879: 2855: 2831: 2629: 2294:"Ratifications of ILO conventions, Ratifications by Convention" 2001:

Studies conducted by Canadian researchers involving workers in

1944: 1817: 1754: 1670: 1408: 1397: 1316: 1247:

In 1954, Lebanon had a suitable seating law for women workers.

1230: 1173: 1093: 1067: 1059: 970: 911: 900: 850: 741: 642: 635: 403: 380: 82: 3822:. The Official Gazette of the Colony and Protectorate of Kenya 3094:"Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, NWT Reg 039-2015" 1378:

includes a provision for suitable seating for female workers.

7139: 5839: 3919:

Malaysian Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH)

3118:"Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, Nu Reg 003-2016" 2940: 1877: 1692: 1648: 1189: 1155: 1125: 878: 703: 4798:"Regulations To Implement the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act" 1908:) was passed in 1918, granting suitable seating to workers. 7179: 6622: 4860:"Too much standing is bad, study finds — it's time to move" 4324: 1633:

while working are at added risk of damage to their health.

1031: 729: 89: 4515:"Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006 (Act 9 of 2006)" 3399:. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in Finland 2218:

Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology

1362:

enacted a right to sit law for women workers in 1894. The

6157: 4073:"Shops and Shop-assistants Act 1894 (58 VICT 1894 No 32)" 518:

in 1985, which contained no suitable seating provisions.

3472:"How saleswomen in India finally won the 'right to sit'" 2415: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 1501:

Seated cashier at a supermarket in Russia, October 2010.

939:

Seated workers at a cottom mill in India, February 2010.

495:

of 1955, which contained no suitable seating provision.

4415:"No aplicar la 'Ley de la Silla' discrimina a la mujer" 4193:"House bill on mall workers' 'right to sit down' filed" 2331: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2139:"The Real Reason Aldi Cashiers Sit Behind The Register" 1801:

Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992

1781:

first passed a right to sit law on August 9, 1899, the

37:

Wisconsin. A right to sit provision is included in the

23:

Seated cashiers at a supermarket in Ukraine, July 2019.

6849:

List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents

4746:

por infracción y reglas relativas al proceso judicial.

2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 5423:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

1983: 1960:

workers, including some states of the United States.

1076:

Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs and Social Services

267:

Seated cashier at a cafeteria in Australia, May 1944.

2310: 411:

made available during the existing resting periods.

2729:"Belize Shops Act Chapter 287 Revised Edition 2020" 2702:"Victoria Government Gazette Friday, April 6, 1956" 2604: 2024: 1868:, a foundational labor law text written in 1916 by 775: 5609:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States) 5394:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 4972: 4888:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 4715:Labor Laws for Women in the States and Territories 2011:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 740:In 2023, right to sit legislation was proposed in 7761: 5406:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work 4821: 3721:"Knesset approves bill on workers' right to sit" 1086:, was supportive of workers' right to sit down. 349:passed a right to sit law on December 16, 1899. 5454:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 1539:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 1151:Seated factory workers in Japan, November 2017. 197:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 177:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 75:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 43:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964 4543:Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers 4464:"THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT, 2003" 2019:Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers 1860:In the late 1800s and early 1900s, during the 634:During the 1980s and 1990s, Article 11.7.1 of 587:Occupational Health and Safety Regulations of 5855: 5418:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 5368:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work 4958: 3939:"THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 2005" 3074:General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador 2009:compared to workers who mostly sit down. The 947:, particularly in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Two 758:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work 4488:"SHOP (HOURS OF OPENING AND EMPLOYMENT) ACT" 3991: 3989: 2755:Brazil's Consolidation of Labour Laws, CLT. 1507:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 1078:that cashiers were not allowed to sit down. 569: 3320:"Bill to protect workers right to sit down" 3070:"Newfoundland and Labrador Regulation 2012" 1988:In the 17th century, the Italian physician 1440:House of Representatives of the Philippines 930: Indian states with right to sit laws. 672: 5862: 5848: 5062:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung") 4965: 4951: 4932:"Stop Forcing Workers to Stand on the Job" 3742:"Shops evading 'sit-down' law – Histadrut" 3693: 3541: 3377:Swaziland National Association of Teachers 2108:"Sitting or Standing Cashiers (Continued)" 1732:Shop (Hours of Opening and Employment) Act 1605:Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1993 7591:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act 4912: 4539:"Checking Out Health and Safety in Shops" 4121:"Shops and Offices Act 1955 (1955 No 32)" 3986: 3002:"The Factories Act, 1946, SNB 1946, c 51" 2229: 1970:Equal Employment Opportunities Commission 7435:Job losses caused by the Great Recession 6112:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates 4533: 4531: 1512: 1496: 1388: 1183: 1146: 1053: 1007: 934: 921: 688: 666:Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2020 582: 443: 307:passed a right to sit law in the 1890s. 293:passed a right to sit law in the 1890s. 262: 138: 126: 114: 68: 18: 7616:Credentialism and educational inflation 5588:Immediately dangerous to life or health 4618:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea 4495:Attorney General of Trinidad and Tobago 4125:New Zealand Legal Information Institute 4077:New Zealand Legal Information Institute 3257: 3174:. Toronto, Ontario: Between The Lines. 3167: 2757:"Brazil's Consolidation of Labour Laws" 1814:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea 1188:A seated cashier at a grocery store in 143:A seated cashier at a grocery store in 7762: 7487:List of countries by unemployment rate 5775:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19 5047:Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy 3675:(in Hebrew). Knesset. 22 February 2007 1812:The Health and Safety Handbook of the 1721: 1294:Ministry of Human Resources (Malaysia) 1163:Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 359:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic 219: 5843: 4946: 4711: 4528: 3723:. The Jerusalem Post. 7 February 2007 2783:P1100_YEAR:CMR,2014 "Cameroon - 2014" 2672: 1566:In 2022, the health and beauty chain 963:, a tailor-activist from the city of 6380:Practice-based professional learning 5822: 5465:Working Environment Convention, 1977 4907:"Sex Discrimination in Employment". 4758:. Zambia Legal Information Institute 4517:. Uganda Legal Information Institute 3669:חוק הזכות לעבודה בישיבה, התשס"ז-2007 2876:"The Factories Act, RSA 1955, c 107" 2828:"The Factories Act, RSA 1922, c 186" 1058:Seated cashiers at a supermarket in 341: 166: 119:Seated cashiers at a supermarket in 6933:Workers' right to access the toilet 5634:Workers' right to access the toilet 4225:Government of Saint Kitts and Nevis 2678:King O'Malley: The American Bounder 1767:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 750:Progressive Party of Working People 554:was repealed on November 18, 1974. 498: 13: 7795:Occupational safety and health law 5705:International Chemical Safety Card 4265: 4155:Department of Labour (New Zealand) 3644:"Standing Up for Cashiers' Rights" 3542:Raveendran, Aabha (8 March 2024). 2073:Seats for Shop Assistants Act 1899 1984:Health risks of excessive standing 1783:Seats for Shop Assistants Act 1899 1624:workers at retail outlets such as 1364:Shop and Shop-assistants Act, 1894 310: 285: 110: 14: 7836: 5715:National Day of Mourning (Canada) 5373:International Labour Organization 4925: 4864:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 4712:Smith, Florence Patteson (1932). 4689:"Principles of labor legislation" 4444:International Labour Organization 3895:International Labour Organization 3888:"LESOTHO LABOUR CODE ORDER, 1992" 3773:International Labour Organization 3221:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 3142:"The Conditions of Female Labour" 3058:of Nova Scotia. 1912. p. 90. 2787:International Labour Organization 2524:Government of Antigua and Barbuda 2449:International Labour Organization 2425:International Labour Organization 2298:International Labour Organization 2274:International Labour Organization 2068:Right to sit in the United States 1963: 1954: 1856:Right to sit in the United States 1772: 1618:Federation of Korean Trade Unions 1535:International Labour Organization 763: 514:was repealed and replaced by the 193:International Labour Organization 173:International Labour Organization 154: 49:recommends suitable seating as a 39:International Labour Organization 7704: 7703: 6997:Corporate collapses and scandals 5821: 5793: 5792: 4900: 4884:"Working in a Standing Position" 4876: 4852: 4815: 4790: 4751: 4726: 4567:Parliament of the United Kingdom 4266:Ng, Wei Kai (14 December 2022). 2852:"Factories Act, RSA 1942, c 310" 2025:Criticism of gendered provisions 1849: 782:Democratic Republic of the Congo 776:Democratic Republic of the Congo 537: 4736:. Centro de Información Oficial 4705: 4681: 4654: 4630: 4606: 4579: 4555: 4507: 4480: 4456: 4440:"SHOP AND OFFICE EMPLOYEES ACT" 4432: 4407: 4382: 4358: 4337: 4313: 4286: 4259: 4231: 4210: 4185: 4161: 4141: 4113: 4101:National Library of New Zealand 4089: 4065: 4038: 4013: 3958: 3931: 3907: 3880: 3860: 3833: 3809: 3785: 3758: 3734: 3713: 3694:Ruth Sinai (14 February 2007). 3687: 3660: 3636: 3612: 3585: 3564: 3535: 3510: 3485: 3464: 3437: 3410: 3389: 3362: 3337: 3312: 3286: 3233: 3209: 3188: 3161: 3134: 3110: 3086: 3062: 3042: 3018: 2994: 2967: 2916: 2892: 2868: 2844: 2820: 2775: 2748: 2721: 2694: 2666: 2642: 2580: 2560: 2536: 2509: 2482: 2437: 1866:Principles of Labor Legislation 1588: 1525: 1347:Workers in South African-ruled 998:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 656: 7497:Employment-to-population ratio 6869:Occupational health psychology 5869: 5670:Environment, health and safety 5325:Occupational health psychology 4974:Occupational safety and health 4321:"FACILITIES REGULATIONS, 2004" 3149:Queen's University at Kingston 3026:"Factory Act, RSNB 1952, c 78" 2928:Government of British Columbia 2904:Government of British Columbia 2286: 2262: 2238: 2205: 2181: 2156: 2131: 2100: 1676: 1611: 1425: 1354: 1090:The Right to Sit While Working 557: 452: Right to sit law active. 131:A seated restaurant worker in 105:San Francisco State University 1: 7585:Works Progress Administration 7477:Unemployment Convention, 1919 6889:Personal protective equipment 6437:Occupational Outlook Handbook 5541:Personal protective equipment 5294:Workplace health surveillance 4243:Attorney-General of Singapore 3294:"Código del Trabajo de Chile" 2680:. Macmillan. pp. 44–46. 2654:Government of New South Wales 2093: 1978:Pregnant Workers Fairness Act 1974:Americans with Disability Act 1837: 1698: 1272: 1261: 1214: 980: 713: 299: 247: 88:The German supermarket chain 7666:Psychopathy in the workplace 6839:Human factors and ergonomics 5583:Standard operating procedure 5516:Hierarchy of hazard controls 5269:Hierarchy of hazard controls 4838:10.1016/j.apergo.2003.08.001 4720:United States Women's Bureau 3970:Federal government of Mexico 3841:"The Mombasa Shop Hours Act" 3766:"JAMAICA, THE FACTORIES ACT" 3518:"'Right to sit' becomes law" 2035:Professor Carol Louw of the 1995:De Morbis Artificum Diatriba 1917: 1828: 1654: 1641:Spain passed a "Chair Law" ( 1555: 1517:The Shops Regulation Act in 1299: 1117:20 million in compensation. 1003: 884: 258: 236: 7: 7651:Narcissism in the workplace 6864:Occupational exposure limit 5720:NIOSH air filtration rating 5412:Health and Safety Executive 5320:Occupational health nursing 5284:Occupational exposure limit 5122:Hospital-acquired infection 5087:Exposure to human nail dust 3874:International Labour Office 3051:The Statutes of Nova Scotia 2982:Library and Archives Canada 2709:Victoria Government Gazette 2574:International Labour Office 2046: 1709: 1577: 1481: 1464:United Nationalist Alliance 1432:Congress of the Philippines 1414: 1376:Shops and Offices Act, 1955 1283: 1084:national trade union center 820: 798: 521: 428: 417: 408:Consolidation of Labor Laws 328: 202: 10: 7841: 7580:Civil Works Administration 7462:Technological unemployment 6938:Workplace health promotion 6390:Professional certification 6087:Personality–job fit theory 5780:Workplace health promotion 5685:Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster 5459:Worker Protection Standard 5162:Noise-induced hearing loss 4345:"The right to sit at work" 3452:Attorney General of Guyana 3370:"THE EMPLOYMENT ACT, 1980" 3245:Government of Saskatchewan 2736:Attorney-General of Belize 2497:The Government of Anguilla 2037:University of South Africa 2028: 1928: 1899: 1853: 1760: 1738: 1544: 1342: 1250: 1236: 1131: 1037: 862: 831: 809: 787: 696: 606: 595: 475: 386: 364: 352: 183: 7699: 7598: 7560:Guaranteed minimum income 7517: 7358: 7232: 7145:Organizational commitment 7097: 6989: 6956: 6819: 6744: 6621: 6543: 6477: 6264: 6186: 6130: 5980: 5877: 5788: 5642: 5596: 5473: 5436: 5386: 5378:World Health Organization 5360: 5348: 5302: 5289:Occupational epidemiology 5274:Prevention through design 5225: 5132:Laboratory animal allergy 5057:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma 5032:Byssinosis ("brown lung") 4980: 4299:. Legal Assistance Centre 4197:Philippine Daily Inquirer 4051:. Legal Assistance Centre 3445:"Shops Consolidation Act" 1939: 1749: 1665: 1492: 1469: 1456:Senate of the Philippines 1403: 1384: 1337:disproportionately female 1311: 1225: 1168: 1049: 1016:in Indonesia, April 2011. 994:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 954: 906: 895: 845: 748:Giorgos Koukoumas of the 735: 629: 576:Newfoundland and Labrador 570:Newfoundland and Labrador 542:In 1916, the Statutes of 439: 397: 375: 7729:Aspects of organizations 7410:Involuntary unemployment 6971:Equal pay for equal work 6894:Repetitive strain injury 6395:Professional development 6385:Professional association 6067:Letter of recommendation 5695:Hostile work environment 5675:Environmental toxicology 5568:Redundancy (engineering) 5182:Repetitive strain injury 4669:Government of Montserrat 3668: 1687: 1636: 1476:Polish People's Republic 1327:) was introduced in the 1179: 1142: 1120: 917: 873: 684: 679:Central African Republic 673:Central African Republic 64: 59:reasonable accommodation 7790:Pregnant women's rights 7714:Aspects of corporations 7676:Slow movement (culture) 7555:Employer of last resort 7457:Structural unemployment 7395:Frictional unemployment 6834:Epilepsy and employment 6721:Performance-related pay 6655:National average salary 6568:996 working hour system 5740:Quality of working life 5526:Administrative controls 4642:Government of Gibraltar 3946:Government of Mauritius 3168:Messing, Karen (2014). 2548:Government of Argentina 1448:Labor Party Philippines 1430:On April 15, 1952, the 1026: 724: 647:Sainte-Foy, Quebec City 641:In 2017, a 71-year-old 7820:Working-class feminism 7724:Aspects of occupations 7530:Unemployment insurance 7482:Unemployment extension 7452:Reserve army of labour 7257:Constructive dismissal 7064:Sleeping while on duty 7029:Exploitation of labour 6911:Sick building syndrome 6082:Person–environment fit 5952:Independent contractor 5335:Occupational therapist 5315:Industrial engineering 5107:Glassblower's cataract 5072:Decompression sickness 4594:Grenfell Tower Inquiry 4169:"REPUBLIC ACT No. 679" 3817:"The Official Gazette" 2588:"Sitting and standing" 2490:"Shops Regulation Act" 2083:Women in the workforce 2007:cardiovascular disease 1502: 1394: 1329:Senate of the Republic 1209:Mombasa Shop Hours Act 1193: 1152: 1063: 1017: 940: 932: 694: 460: 268: 161:Directive (89/654/EEC) 148: 136: 124: 78: 24: 7734:Aspects of workplaces 7472:Unemployment benefits 7467:Types of unemployment 7405:Graduate unemployment 7299:Letter of resignation 6928:Workers' compensation 6921:Occupational fatality 6425:Vocational university 6025:Employment counsellor 5805:Occupational diseases 5770:Workers' compensation 5330:Occupational medicine 5192:Silo-filler's disease 5157:Mule spinners' cancer 2763:. Palácio do Planalto 2246:"Document 31989L0654" 1904:Uruguay's Chair Law ( 1572:Workers Make Possible 1519:Saint Kitts and Nevis 1513:Saint Kitts and Nevis 1500: 1392: 1203:In 1984, the city of 1187: 1150: 1057: 1011: 977:This should change." 938: 925: 692: 589:Northwest Territories 583:Northwest Territories 447: 406:, Article 199 of the 266: 142: 130: 118: 72: 22: 7540:Job creation program 7316:Mandatory retirement 7269:Employee offboarding 7089:Workplace incivility 7084:Workplace harassment 6859:Occupational disease 6854:Occupational burnout 6769:Disability insurance 6613:Workweek and weekend 6593:Retroactive overtime 6415:Vocational education 6330:Continuing education 6168:Permanent employment 5531:Engineering controls 5506:Emergency evacuation 5310:Environmental health 5077:De Quervain syndrome 5067:Concussions in sport 4718:. Washington, D.C.: 4157:. 1981. p. 221. 1990:Bernardino Ramazzini 1874:John Bertram Andrews 616:Shops Regulation Act 532:Shops Regulation Act 230:Shops Regulation Act 209:Shops Regulation Act 7445:Recession-proof job 7440:Lists of recessions 7378:Economic depression 7326:Retirement planning 7207:Work–life interface 7044:Employee monitoring 7012:Corporate behaviour 7002:Accounting scandals 6884:Occupational stress 6874:Occupational injury 6405:Reflective practice 6400:Professional school 6122:Work-at-home scheme 6042:Induction programme 6020:Employment contract 6000:Business networking 5665:Effects of overtime 5548:Job safety analysis 5536:Hazard substitution 5501:Emergency procedure 5279:Exposure assessment 5264:Occupational stress 5257:Psychosocial hazard 5237:Occupational hazard 5102:Flock worker's lung 4294:"Ord. 14, 1939.pdf" 4173:The Lawphil Project 4046:"Ord. 14, 1939.pdf" 3876:. 1954. p. 42. 3574:. Aljazerra English 3474:. BBC. 23 July 2018 2761:www.planalto.gov.br 2592:Safe Work Australia 2576:. 1954. p. 42. 2120:on October 24, 2017 2113:The Washington Post 1728:Trinidad and Tobago 1722:Trinidad and Tobago 508:Factories Act, 1966 458: Law repealed. 280:Safe Work Australia 226:Antigua and Barbuda 220:Antigua and Barbuda 7708:See also templates 7545:Job creation index 7509:Youth unemployment 7373:Discouraged worker 7262:Wrongful dismissal 7242:At-will employment 7115:Civil conscription 7079:Workplace bullying 6966:Affirmative action 6948:Workplace wellness 6879:Occupational noise 6515:Long service leave 6375:Overspecialization 6355:Induction training 6310:Career development 5700:Indoor air quality 5604:Diving regulations 5521:Hazard elimination 5340:Safety engineering 4825:Applied Ergonomics 4347:. Bizcommunity.com 4199:. 23 December 2014 4027:. 21 February 2024 3746:The Jerusalem Post 3624:Irish Statute Book 3601:. 6 September 2021 3497:The Indian Express 2955:Indiana University 2058:Pink-collar worker 1503: 1395: 1194: 1153: 1102:Shelly Yachimovich 1064: 1018: 996:politician in the 941: 933: 695: 465:Canadian provinces 461: 269: 171:Article 14 of the 149: 137: 125: 79: 25: 7757: 7756: 7656:Post-work society 7636:Kiss up kick down 7368:Barriers to entry 7333:Severance package 7165:Human trafficking 7059:Sexual harassment 7039:Employee handbook 6958:Equal opportunity 6821:Safety and health 6811:Take-home vehicle 6420:Vocational school 6370:Lifelong learning 6345:Further education 6305:Career counseling 6300:Career assessment 6077:Overqualification 5837: 5836: 5750:Safety data sheet 5563:Operations manual 5444:Bangladesh Accord 5432: 5431: 5242:Biological hazard 4273:The Straits Times 4239:"Employment Bill" 3848:Kenya Law Reports 3524:. 23 October 2018 3418:"Code du travail" 3351:. 8 December 2023 3326:. 7 November 2023 3272:memoriachilena.cl 3181:978-1-77113-148-3 2687:978-0-333-33773-8 2231:10.16993/sjwop.25 2170:. 23 January 2019 2031:Ambivalent sexism 1949:Factory Act, 1966 1787:62 & 63 Vict. 1726:Chapter 82:02 of 1595:South West Africa 1349:South West Africa 857:French labour law 708:Ramón Barros Luco 347:Western Australia 342:Western Australia 273:Australian states 167:International law 7832: 7744:Critique of work 7739:Corporate titles 7707: 7706: 7626:Evil corporation 7492:Employment rates 7415:Jobless recovery 7383:Great Depression 7343:Golden parachute 7338:Golden handshake 7135:Job satisfaction 7125:Critique of work 6943:Workplace phobia 6774:Health insurance 6731:Wage compression 6699:Progressive wage 6553:35-hour workweek 6520:No call, no show 6510:Leave of absence 6360:Knowledge worker 6288:Master craftsman 6092:Personality hire 6030:Executive search 6010:Curriculum vitae 5995:Background check 5864: 5857: 5850: 5841: 5840: 5825: 5824: 5796: 5795: 5491:Contingency plan 5486:Code of practice 5358: 5357: 5152:Metal fume fever 4967: 4960: 4953: 4944: 4943: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4895: 4894: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4856: 4850: 4849: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4809: 4804:. 11 August 2023 4802:Federal Register 4794: 4788: 4787: 4781: 4776: 4774: 4766: 4764: 4763: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4742: 4741: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4699: 4693:Internet Archive 4685: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4666: 4658: 4652: 4651: 4649: 4648: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4624: 4614:"Safety at work" 4610: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4600: 4591: 4583: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4573: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4549: 4535: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4522: 4511: 4505: 4504: 4502: 4501: 4492: 4484: 4478: 4477: 4475: 4474: 4468: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4450: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4426: 4411: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4401: 4396:. 4 October 2018 4394:The Korea Herald 4386: 4380: 4379: 4377: 4376: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4352: 4341: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4317: 4311: 4310: 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Archived from 2104: 2053:High heel policy 1972:states that the 1333:Patricia Mercado 1096:was proposed by 1062:, February 2018. 929: 504:British Columbia 499:British Columbia 457: 451: 317:South Australian 147:, November 2017. 123:, February 2020. 7840: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7833: 7831: 7830: 7829: 7780:Labour movement 7760: 7759: 7758: 7753: 7749:Organized labor 7719:Aspects of jobs 7695: 7686:Toxic workplace 7621:Emotional labor 7594: 7518:Public programs 7513: 7430:Great Recession 7400:Full employment 7388:Long Depression 7354: 7252:Banishment room 7228: 7150:Refusal of work 7093: 7017:Corporate crime 6985: 6952: 6815: 6740: 6617: 6539: 6473: 6350:Graduate school 6260: 6182: 6126: 6117:Underemployment 5976: 5920:Self-employment 5895:Contingent work 5885:Academic tenure 5878:Classifications 5873: 5868: 5838: 5833: 5784: 5765:Toxic workplace 5745:Risk management 5638: 5592: 5573:Risk assessment 5469: 5428: 5382: 5353: 5344: 5298: 5252:Physical hazard 5247:Chemical hazard 5228: 5221: 4986: 4983: 4976: 4971: 4928: 4923: 4922: 4914:10.1.1.995.1619 4906: 4905: 4901: 4892: 4890: 4882: 4881: 4877: 4868: 4866: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4820: 4816: 4807: 4805: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4779: 4777: 4768: 4767: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4752: 4739: 4737: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4710: 4706: 4697: 4695: 4687: 4686: 4682: 4673: 4671: 4664: 4662:"CHAPTER 15.08" 4660: 4659: 4655: 4646: 4644: 4638:"FACTORIES ACT" 4636: 4635: 4631: 4622: 4620: 4612: 4611: 4607: 4598: 4596: 4589: 4585: 4584: 4580: 4571: 4569: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4547: 4545: 4537: 4536: 4529: 4520: 4518: 4513: 4512: 4508: 4499: 4497: 4490: 4486: 4485: 4481: 4472: 4470: 4469:. OSHA Tanzania 4466: 4462: 4461: 4457: 4448: 4446: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4424: 4422: 4413: 4412: 4408: 4399: 4397: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4374: 4372: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4350: 4348: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4329: 4327: 4319: 4318: 4314: 4302: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4278: 4276: 4264: 4260: 4247: 4245: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4211: 4202: 4200: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4177: 4175: 4167: 4166: 4162: 4153:. New Zealand: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4129: 4127: 4119: 4118: 4114: 4105: 4103: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4081: 4079: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4054: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4043: 4039: 4030: 4028: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4005: 4003: 3995: 3994: 3987: 3974: 3972: 3964: 3963: 3959: 3950: 3948: 3941: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3923: 3921: 3913: 3912: 3908: 3899: 3897: 3890: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3866: 3865: 3861: 3852: 3850: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3834: 3825: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3801: 3799: 3791: 3790: 3786: 3777: 3775: 3768: 3764: 3763: 3759: 3750: 3748: 3740: 3739: 3735: 3726: 3724: 3719: 3718: 3714: 3704: 3702: 3692: 3688: 3678: 3676: 3672: 3670: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3652: 3650: 3642: 3641: 3637: 3628: 3626: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3604: 3602: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3577: 3575: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3556: 3554: 3540: 3536: 3527: 3525: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3502: 3500: 3499:. 17 March 2019 3491: 3490: 3486: 3477: 3475: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3456: 3454: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3426: 3424: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3402: 3400: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3381: 3379: 3372: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3354: 3352: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3329: 3327: 3318: 3317: 3313: 3303: 3301: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3267: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3249: 3247: 3239: 3238: 3234: 3225: 3223: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3201: 3199: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3182: 3166: 3162: 3153: 3151: 3144: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3126: 3124: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3102: 3100: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3078: 3076: 3068: 3067: 3063: 3056:Queen's Printer 3054:. Nova Scotia: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3034: 3032: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3010: 3008: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2986: 2984: 2977: 2973: 2972: 2968: 2959: 2957: 2949: 2948: 2941: 2932: 2930: 2924:"Workplace Act" 2922: 2921: 2917: 2908: 2906: 2898: 2897: 2893: 2884: 2882: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2860: 2858: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2836: 2834: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2809: 2807: 2798: 2797: 2791: 2789: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2753: 2749: 2740: 2738: 2731: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2713: 2711: 2704: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2688: 2671: 2667: 2658: 2656: 2648: 2647: 2643: 2634: 2632: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2605: 2596: 2594: 2586: 2585: 2581: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2552: 2550: 2544:"LEY N° 12.205" 2542: 2541: 2537: 2528: 2526: 2519: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2501: 2499: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2471: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2453: 2451: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2429: 2427: 2419: 2418: 2311: 2302: 2300: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2278: 2276: 2268: 2267: 2263: 2254: 2252: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2210: 2206: 2197: 2195: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2173: 2171: 2162: 2161: 2157: 2148: 2146: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2123: 2121: 2106: 2105: 2101: 2096: 2049: 2033: 2027: 1986: 1966: 1957: 1942: 1931: 1920: 1906:Ley de la Silla 1902: 1890:the Philippines 1870:John R. Commons 1862:Progressive Era 1858: 1852: 1840: 1831: 1775: 1763: 1752: 1741: 1724: 1712: 1701: 1690: 1679: 1668: 1657: 1639: 1614: 1591: 1580: 1558: 1547: 1528: 1515: 1495: 1484: 1472: 1428: 1417: 1406: 1387: 1357: 1345: 1314: 1302: 1286: 1275: 1264: 1253: 1239: 1228: 1217: 1192:, October 2017. 1182: 1171: 1145: 1134: 1123: 1052: 1040: 1029: 1006: 983: 957: 931: 927: 920: 909: 898: 887: 876: 865: 848: 834: 823: 812: 801: 790: 778: 766: 738: 727: 716: 701: 687: 675: 659: 632: 609: 598: 585: 572: 560: 540: 524: 501: 478: 459: 455: 453: 449: 442: 431: 420: 400: 389: 378: 367: 355: 344: 331: 313: 311:South Australia 302: 291:New South Wales 288: 286:New South Wales 261: 250: 239: 224:Chapter 400 of 222: 205: 186: 169: 157: 135:, October 2017. 113: 111:By jurisdiction 67: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7838: 7828: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7815:Women's rights 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7775:Disability law 7772: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7710: 7709: 7700: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7671:Sunday scaries 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7602: 7600: 7596: 7595: 7588: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7521: 7519: 7515: 7514: 7512: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7500: 7499: 7494: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7448: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7422: 7420:Phillips curve 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7391: 7390: 7385: 7375: 7370: 7364: 7362: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7340: 7330: 7329: 7328: 7323: 7321:Retirement age 7318: 7308: 7303: 7302: 7301: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7274:Exit interview 7271: 7266: 7265: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7244: 7238: 7236: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7221: 7220: 7219: 7214: 7204: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7101: 7099: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7024:Discrimination 7021: 7020: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6993: 6991: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6978: 6976:Gender pay gap 6973: 6968: 6962: 6960: 6954: 6953: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6924: 6923: 6913: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6825: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6813: 6808: 6807: 6806: 6796: 6791: 6789:Parental leave 6786: 6784:Marriage leave 6781: 6779:Life insurance 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6750: 6748: 6742: 6741: 6739: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6696: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6669: 6668: 6667: 6662: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6635:Income bracket 6631: 6629: 6619: 6618: 6616: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6563:Eight-hour day 6560: 6555: 6549: 6547: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6481: 6479: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6322: 6320:Creative class 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6280: 6278:Apprenticeship 6274: 6272: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6246:Scarlet-collar 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6192: 6190: 6184: 6183: 6181: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6134: 6132: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6038: 6037: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5986: 5984: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5962:Temporary work 5959: 5954: 5949: 5948: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5930:Skilled worker 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5881: 5879: 5875: 5874: 5867: 5866: 5859: 5852: 5844: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5819: 5818: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5755:Source control 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5730:Process safety 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5690:Health physics 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5636: 5631: 5621: 5611: 5606: 5600: 5598: 5594: 5593: 5591: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5578:Safety culture 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5558:Permit To Work 5555: 5553:Lockout-tagout 5550: 5545: 5544: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5477: 5475: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5467: 5462: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5433: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5426: 5420: 5415: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5390: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5381: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5364: 5362: 5355: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5306: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5260: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5233: 5231: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5217:Writer's cramp 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5172:Pneumoconiosis 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5137:Lead poisoning 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5112:Golfer's elbow 5109: 5104: 5099: 5097:Fiddler's neck 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5052:Chronic stress 5049: 5044: 5039: 5037:Cardiovascular 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4993: 4991: 4978: 4977: 4970: 4969: 4962: 4955: 4947: 4941: 4940: 4927: 4926:External links 4924: 4921: 4920: 4899: 4875: 4851: 4814: 4789: 4750: 4725: 4704: 4680: 4653: 4629: 4605: 4578: 4554: 4527: 4506: 4479: 4455: 4431: 4421:. 10 July 2020 4406: 4381: 4357: 4336: 4312: 4285: 4258: 4230: 4209: 4184: 4160: 4140: 4112: 4088: 4064: 4037: 4025:CNN en Español 4012: 3985: 3957: 3930: 3906: 3879: 3859: 3832: 3808: 3784: 3757: 3733: 3712: 3686: 3659: 3635: 3611: 3584: 3563: 3534: 3509: 3484: 3463: 3436: 3409: 3388: 3361: 3336: 3311: 3285: 3256: 3232: 3208: 3187: 3180: 3160: 3133: 3109: 3085: 3061: 3041: 3017: 2993: 2966: 2939: 2915: 2891: 2867: 2843: 2819: 2774: 2747: 2720: 2693: 2686: 2665: 2641: 2603: 2579: 2559: 2535: 2508: 2481: 2436: 2309: 2285: 2261: 2237: 2204: 2180: 2155: 2145:. 22 June 2020 2130: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2048: 2045: 2026: 2023: 1985: 1982: 1965: 1964:Right to stand 1962: 1956: 1955:Accommodations 1953: 1941: 1938: 1930: 1927: 1919: 1916: 1901: 1898: 1854:Main article: 1851: 1848: 1839: 1836: 1830: 1827: 1797:United Kingdom 1779:United Kingdom 1774: 1773:United Kingdom 1771: 1762: 1759: 1751: 1748: 1740: 1737: 1723: 1720: 1711: 1708: 1700: 1697: 1689: 1686: 1678: 1675: 1667: 1664: 1656: 1653: 1638: 1635: 1620:demanded that 1613: 1610: 1590: 1587: 1579: 1576: 1557: 1554: 1546: 1543: 1527: 1524: 1514: 1511: 1494: 1491: 1483: 1480: 1471: 1468: 1427: 1424: 1416: 1413: 1405: 1402: 1386: 1383: 1374:New Zealand's 1356: 1353: 1344: 1341: 1313: 1310: 1301: 1298: 1285: 1282: 1274: 1271: 1263: 1260: 1252: 1249: 1238: 1235: 1227: 1224: 1216: 1213: 1181: 1178: 1170: 1167: 1144: 1141: 1133: 1130: 1122: 1119: 1070:complained to 1051: 1048: 1039: 1036: 1028: 1025: 1005: 1002: 982: 979: 961:Viji Palithodi 956: 953: 926: 919: 916: 908: 905: 897: 894: 886: 883: 875: 872: 864: 861: 847: 844: 833: 830: 822: 819: 811: 808: 800: 797: 789: 786: 777: 774: 770:Czech Republic 765: 764:Czech Republic 762: 754:best practices 737: 734: 726: 723: 715: 712: 686: 683: 674: 671: 658: 655: 631: 628: 608: 605: 597: 594: 584: 581: 571: 568: 559: 556: 539: 536: 523: 520: 500: 497: 477: 474: 454: 448: 441: 438: 430: 427: 419: 416: 399: 396: 388: 385: 377: 374: 366: 363: 354: 351: 343: 340: 330: 327: 312: 309: 301: 298: 287: 284: 260: 257: 249: 246: 238: 235: 221: 218: 204: 201: 185: 182: 168: 165: 156: 155:European Union 153: 112: 109: 66: 63: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7837: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7765: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7711: 7702: 7701: 7698: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7646:Make-work job 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7592: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7565:Right to work 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7550:Job guarantee 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7535:Make-work job 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7516: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7489: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7427: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7361: 7357: 7351: 7348: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7331: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7306:Restructuring 7304: 7300: 7297: 7296: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7284:Notice period 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7239: 7237: 7235: 7231: 7225: 7222: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7190:Unfree labour 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7160:Bonded labour 7158: 7157: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7102: 7100: 7096: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7074:Whistleblower 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7007:Control fraud 7005: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6988: 6982: 6981:Glass ceiling 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6955: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6922: 6919: 6918: 6917: 6916:Work accident 6914: 6912: 6909: 6905: 6904:United States 6902: 6901: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6822: 6818: 6812: 6809: 6805: 6804:United States 6802: 6801: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6759:Casual Friday 6757: 6755: 6752: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6743: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6716:Paid time off 6714: 6712: 6711:Overtime rate 6709: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6700: 6697: 6693: 6692:United States 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6674: 6673: 6670: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6624: 6620: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6558:Four-day week 6556: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6442:Practice firm 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6340:Employability 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6289: 6286: 6285: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6275: 6273: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6241:Orange-collar 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6188:Working class 6185: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6135: 6133: 6129: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6062:Job interview 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5932: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5915:Part-time job 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5900:Full-time job 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5865: 5860: 5858: 5853: 5851: 5846: 5845: 5842: 5830: 5829: 5820: 5816: 5815:Organizations 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5801: 5800: 5791: 5790: 5787: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5735:Public health 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5632: 5629: 5628:United States 5625: 5622: 5619: 5618:United States 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5595: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5496:Diving safety 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5472: 5466: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5413: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5398: 5395: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5385: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5361:International 5359: 5356: 5354:organizations 5351: 5347: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5238: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5227:Occupational 5224: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5197:Sports injury 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5142:Low back pain 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5092:Farmer's lung 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4994: 4992: 4990: 4985: 4982:Occupational 4979: 4975: 4968: 4963: 4961: 4956: 4954: 4949: 4948: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4915: 4910: 4903: 4889: 4885: 4879: 4865: 4861: 4855: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4826: 4818: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4785: 4772: 4754: 4747: 4735: 4734:"Ley N° 6102" 4729: 4722:. p. 10. 4721: 4717: 4716: 4708: 4694: 4690: 4684: 4670: 4663: 4657: 4643: 4639: 4633: 4619: 4615: 4609: 4595: 4588: 4582: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4532: 4516: 4510: 4496: 4489: 4483: 4465: 4459: 4445: 4441: 4435: 4420: 4416: 4410: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4371: 4370:The Hankyoreh 4367: 4361: 4346: 4340: 4326: 4322: 4316: 4309: 4295: 4289: 4275: 4274: 4269: 4262: 4255: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4226: 4219: 4213: 4198: 4194: 4188: 4174: 4170: 4164: 4156: 4152: 4151: 4144: 4137: 4126: 4122: 4116: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4061: 4047: 4041: 4026: 4022: 4016: 4002: 3998: 3992: 3990: 3982: 3971: 3967: 3961: 3947: 3940: 3934: 3920: 3916: 3910: 3896: 3889: 3883: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3863: 3849: 3842: 3836: 3818: 3812: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3774: 3767: 3761: 3747: 3743: 3737: 3722: 3716: 3701: 3697: 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LégisQuébec 3197: 3191: 3183: 3177: 3173: 3172: 3164: 3150: 3143: 3137: 3123: 3119: 3113: 3099: 3095: 3089: 3075: 3071: 3065: 3057: 3053: 3052: 3045: 3031: 3027: 3021: 3007: 3003: 2997: 2983: 2976: 2970: 2956: 2952: 2946: 2944: 2929: 2925: 2919: 2905: 2901: 2895: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2857: 2853: 2847: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2815: 2802: 2788: 2784: 2778: 2762: 2758: 2751: 2737: 2730: 2724: 2710: 2703: 2697: 2689: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2674:Hoyle, Arthur 2669: 2655: 2651: 2645: 2631: 2624: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2593: 2589: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2563: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2525: 2518: 2517:"Chapter 400" 2512: 2498: 2491: 2485: 2477: 2464: 2450: 2446: 2440: 2426: 2422: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2299: 2295: 2289: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2251: 2247: 2241: 2232: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2208: 2194: 2190: 2184: 2169: 2165: 2159: 2144: 2140: 2134: 2119: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2103: 2099: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2044: 2042: 2041:Sacha Prechal 2038: 2032: 2022: 2020: 2015: 2012: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1997: 1996: 1991: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1961: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1937: 1935: 1926: 1924: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1907: 1897: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1850:United States 1847: 1845: 1835: 1826: 1824: 1819: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1802: 1798: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1770: 1768: 1758: 1756: 1747: 1745: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1719: 1717: 1707: 1705: 1696: 1694: 1685: 1683: 1674: 1672: 1663: 1661: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1644: 1634: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1616:In 2018, the 1609: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1596: 1586: 1584: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1562: 1553: 1551: 1542: 1540: 1536: 1533:ratified the 1532: 1523: 1520: 1510: 1508: 1499: 1490: 1488: 1479: 1477: 1467: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1436: 1433: 1423: 1421: 1412: 1410: 1401: 1399: 1391: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1352: 1350: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1320: 1318: 1309: 1307: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1281: 1279: 1270: 1268: 1259: 1257: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1234: 1232: 1223: 1221: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1201: 1199: 1196:In 1949, the 1191: 1186: 1177: 1175: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1149: 1140: 1138: 1129: 1127: 1118: 1116: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1061: 1056: 1047: 1045: 1042:Labor law in 1035: 1033: 1024: 1022: 1015: 1010: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 978: 974: 972: 968: 966: 962: 952: 950: 949:Indian states 946: 937: 924: 915: 913: 904: 902: 893: 891: 882: 880: 871: 869: 860: 858: 854: 852: 843: 840: 838: 829: 827: 818: 816: 807: 805: 796: 794: 785: 783: 773: 771: 761: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 733: 731: 722: 720: 711: 709: 705: 700: 691: 682: 680: 670: 667: 663: 654: 652: 648: 644: 639: 637: 627: 624: 622: 617: 613: 604: 602: 593: 590: 580: 577: 567: 565: 555: 553: 549: 545: 544:New Brunswick 538:New Brunswick 535: 533: 529: 519: 517: 516:Workplace Act 513: 512:Factories Act 509: 505: 496: 494: 493:Factories Act 490: 489:Factories Act 486: 485:Factories Act 482: 473: 469: 466: 446: 437: 435: 426: 424: 415: 412: 409: 405: 395: 393: 384: 382: 373: 371: 362: 360: 350: 348: 339: 336: 333:The state of 326: 324: 323:King O'Malley 321: 318: 308: 306: 297: 294: 292: 283: 281: 278:According to 276: 274: 265: 256: 254: 245: 243: 234: 231: 227: 217: 214: 210: 200: 198: 194: 191:ratified the 190: 181: 178: 174: 164: 162: 152: 146: 141: 134: 129: 122: 117: 108: 106: 101: 99: 95: 91: 86: 84: 76: 71: 62: 60: 54: 52: 51:best practice 48: 44: 40: 35: 34:United States 30: 21: 7825:Youth rights 7810:Right to sit 7785:Labor rights 7681:Toxic leader 7661:Presenteeism 7641:Labor rights 7631:Going postal 7606:Bullshit job 7589: 7574: 7569: 7360:Unemployment 7212:Downshifting 7195:Wage slavery 7175:Penal labour 7130:Dead-end job 7120:Conscription 6899:Right to sit 6898: 6754:Annual leave 6736:Working poor 6672:Minimum wage 6650:Maximum wage 6608:Working time 6598:Six-hour day 6495:Career break 6457:Professional 6251:Black-collar 6221:White-collar 6201:Green-collar 6178:Volunteering 6015:Drug testing 6005:Cover letter 5945:Tradesperson 5826: 5797: 5624:Right to sit 5623: 5614:Potty parity 5207:Tennis elbow 5202:Surfer's ear 5147:Mesothelioma 5117:Hearing loss 4935: 4902: 4891:. 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Retrieved 2118:the original 2111: 2102: 2088:Women's work 2063:Potty parity 2034: 2016: 2000: 1993: 1987: 1967: 1958: 1948: 1943: 1932: 1921: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1894: 1883: 1859: 1841: 1832: 1811: 1794: 1791: 1776: 1764: 1753: 1742: 1731: 1725: 1713: 1702: 1691: 1680: 1669: 1658: 1647: 1642: 1640: 1622:South Korean 1615: 1601:South Africa 1599: 1592: 1589:South Africa 1581: 1571: 1565: 1559: 1548: 1531:Saudi Arabia 1529: 1526:Saudi Arabia 1516: 1504: 1485: 1473: 1437: 1429: 1418: 1407: 1396: 1380: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1363: 1358: 1346: 1324: 1321: 1315: 1303: 1287: 1276: 1265: 1254: 1246: 1240: 1229: 1218: 1208: 1202: 1198:Kenya Colony 1195: 1172: 1160: 1154: 1135: 1124: 1106:Labor rights 1089: 1088: 1065: 1041: 1030: 1019: 990:Ganesan C. 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4136:employment. 3705:24 December 3679:24 December 3349:Cyprus Mail 3324:Cyprus Mail 3298:leychile.cl 2767:12 November 1886:Puerto Rico 1823:break rooms 1806:Floor staff 1682:Switzerland 1677:Switzerland 1612:South Korea 1593:Workers in 1460:Nancy Binay 1444:Roy Señeres 1426:Philippines 1360:New Zealand 1355:New Zealand 1207:passed the 1110:Super-Pharm 1100:politician 1098:Labor Party 1082:, Israel's 1014:bank teller 945:South India 760:(EU-OSHA). 564:Nova Scotia 558:Nova Scotia 552:Factory Act 530:passed the 133:Ivory Coast 7764:Categories 7504:Wage curve 7311:Retirement 7224:Workaholic 7202:Work ethic 7069:Wage theft 7054:Labour law 7049:Evaluation 7034:Dress code 6799:Sick leave 6764:Child care 6726:Salary cap 6640:Income tax 6603:Shift work 6535:Time clock 6530:Sick leave 6525:Sabbatical 6490:Break room 6478:Attendance 6447:Profession 6432:Mentorship 6410:Retraining 6335:E-learning 6231:New-collar 6226:Red-collar 6173:Supervisor 6153:Internship 6072:Onboarding 5940:Technician 5935:Journeyman 5905:Gig worker 5871:Employment 5760:Toxic tort 5710:Job strain 5680:Ergonomics 5655:Break room 5177:Radium jaw 5167:Phossy jaw 5042:Chalicosis 5012:Barotrauma 5002:Asbestosis 4893:2024-07-28 4869:2021-10-26 4808:2024-05-30 4780:|url= 4762:2023-10-04 4740:2023-10-04 4698:2021-11-15 4674:2024-07-13 4647:2021-11-18 4623:2021-11-13 4599:2021-11-13 4572:2021-11-13 4548:2021-11-13 4521:2021-11-21 4500:2024-07-10 4473:2021-11-13 4449:2021-11-21 4425:2023-10-04 4400:2021-10-26 4375:2021-10-26 4351:2021-11-01 4330:2021-11-01 4303:2023-09-30 4279:2023-09-23 4248:2023-09-30 4203:2021-11-05 4178:2021-11-21 4130:2024-07-03 4106:2021-11-18 4082:2024-07-03 4055:2023-09-30 4031:2024-05-30 4006:2023-10-04 3975:2023-10-04 3951:2021-11-21 3924:2021-11-13 3900:2021-11-13 3853:2021-11-15 3826:2021-11-15 3802:2024-08-10 3778:2021-11-13 3751:2021-11-05 3727:2021-10-27 3653:2021-11-05 3629:2021-11-10 3605:2021-11-05 3578:2021-10-26 3557:2024-07-07 3528:2021-10-26 3503:2021-10-27 3478:2021-10-27 3457:2023-10-05 3427:2023-10-04 3422:Légifrance 3403:2024-07-16 3382:2021-11-29 3355:2023-12-29 3330:2023-12-05 3250:2024-07-17 3226:2021-11-05 3202:2021-10-26 3154:2021-11-15 3127:2024-07-17 3103:2024-07-17 3079:2021-11-13 3035:2024-07-14 3011:2024-07-18 2987:2021-11-15 2960:2021-11-13 2933:2024-07-18 2909:2021-11-15 2885:2024-07-14 2861:2024-07-14 2837:2024-07-14 2810:|url= 2792:2023-10-05 2741:2024-07-07 2714:2021-11-18 2659:2024-07-07 2635:2021-11-18 2597:2024-07-09 2553:2023-10-04 2529:2024-07-13 2502:2024-07-13 2472:|url= 2454:2021-11-13 2430:2021-11-13 2303:2021-11-13 2279:2021-11-13 2255:2023-12-29 2198:2024-07-04 2174:2021-10-26 2149:2021-10-26 2124:2021-10-26 2094:References 2029:See also: 1992:published 1878:'seventies 1844:Montserrat 1838:Montserrat 1704:Tajikistan 1699:Tajikistan 1631:high heels 1626:Lotte Mart 1278:Madagascar 1273:Madagascar 1267:Luxembourg 1262:Luxembourg 1220:Kyrgyzstan 1215:Kyrgyzstan 986:Tamil Nadu 981:Tamil Nadu 719:Costa Rica 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