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454:(NHS) in 1946 brought a dramatic change to the charity. The county council had the task of organising a free home nursing service for all persons who needed it. Local organisations could participate, they would need to fund 25% of the cost, the county providing the remaining 75%. The charity's nursing service was incorporated on this basis into the NHS with the county funding £2,000 and the charity £1,500. The Charity Commissioners were not happy with a charity becoming permanently involved in the NHS and only permitted the arrangement to run until December 1950. The nursing service continued to provide a reduced independent service until all patients were transferred to the NHS on 31 March 1958. The Nursing Branch of the charity then ceased to exist.
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probably the dividing of the rooms. The remarkable (according to the listing) survival is the extension for the poor traveller's rooms. Modelled on a contemporary coaching inn it has three rooms opening onto the courtyard and three opening onto an unglazed gallery above. Below the handrail the gallery is filled in with lath and plaster, the whole supported on four large chamfered uprights to provide a dry walkway below. The rooms each have a door, window chamfered ceiling beams and a brick fireplace. There is a cellar (not currently open to the public) which contains a "rubble wall that may be early".
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They also appointed a master and matron to manage the poor travellers house. £4,000 was used to build a new set of almshouses for 20 people in
Maidstone Road. £100 was set aside to provide an apprenticeship premium for children who had distinguished themselves at school. £2,000 was spent on the building of the Watts Public Baths with £200 per annum for maintenance. In 1935 they passed into the hands of the Corporation of Rochester though the annual grant towards costs continued for a further 20 years.
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St. Nicholas', Rochester (the area of the medieval walled town, based on the Roman town walls); St
Margaret's Without (the area outside the city walls stretching southwards) and St. Nicholas', Strood (the other side of the river). In the early part of 1671 the parish of St. Margaret requested that the outdoor relief should include their people. The charity refused the application so the following year St. Margaret's and Strood jointly applied to the
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resyant there ... clean make the Bedds wash the linen ... and look well to the furniture." Both posts could be held by one or several persons, and that of housekeeper specifically mentions 'he or she or they'. A further agreement between the mayor, bishop, bridge wardens and aldermen in 1615 provided for "..poore children ... who would otherwise lyve in
Idleness and be fitt for noe use..."
40:. The will originally provided for an almshouse in Rochester High Street: The Poor Travellers House; over time, the money later provided for almshouses in Maidstone Road, along with other accommodation in Rochester, totalling 66 self-contained flats. Other charities absorbed by the Richard Watts Charity include St Catherine's Hospital founded under the Charity of Symond Potyn in 1315.
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swimming baths were used by schools and between 1882 and 1925 some three and a half thousand children had learnt to swim there. The baths were never run profitably, a yearly grant of £200 from the charity being required. Finally in 1935 the baths were handed over to
Rochester Corporation, though the annual grant remained for a further 15 years.
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The 1944 Education Act made many previously fee-paying schools into free state schools. Both of the
Rochester grammar schools followed this route and as a consequence the exhibitions ceased. The trustees were able under the 1947 Act to resume payments of £100 per annum to each school to be used for
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and the money allocated for it was allowed to accumulate to be used for other educational purposes. In 1922, some of the money was used to fund special scholarships at the two schools which had been started by the schools themselves in 1917. In 1930, three-year scholarships were provided for pupils
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The scheme of 1855 set up a nursing service to provide maternity care and to care for the afflicted poor of the parish. Any of the inmates of the
Almshouses were able to call on their services in time of sickness. Care was free. A Head Nurse supervised the service, relying on nurses to provide the
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The building was converted in 1948 to provide two flats for two elderly couples, the ground floor being retained as a museum. In 1977 the building was surveyed and repaired. The building was returned to its former state with the ground floor and travellers' rooms as a museum with a residence above.
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Watts' original will had provided that leases on the lands and property he left were to be for a term no more than 21 years. While this was reasonable with sixteenth century artisan buildings and farms, it was not suitable for nineteenth century brick and stone developments. Indeed, on at least one
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At the start of the nineteenth century, virtually all schooling was provided by the Public
Schools. As the century wore on, more provision was made for the schooling of all children by the establishment of various state and church primary schools. By 1883 primary education was mandatory and free.
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During the 1930s home-helps were employed by the charity to assist new mothers for up to 21 days after the birth. They were expected to attend from 8 am to 8 pm and to cook, supervise older children (getting them to school and afterwards to bed) and wash the children's clothes. Washing the patient
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Vouchers from this period show the Mayor requesting "Mr. Provider" to assist those "ver ill" or "poor and impotent". Occasionally the definition of traveller was stretched somewhat as in 1703 when the Mayor requested "relieve these 127 prisoners with fourpence each". It appears that the travellers
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By 1976 sufficient funds were available to extend the almshouses. In 1977 yet another scheme came into operation. Several charities, some of which were already administered by the trustees of
Richard Watts Charity were amalgamated under the title: "Richard Watts and the City of Rochester Almshouse
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On this basis the charity continued uneventfully until 1671. The original will had used the terms 'Parish of St. Nicholas' and 'City of
Rochester' fairly interchangeably, however the indenture consistently refers to the city. The problem arose because the city at that time included three parishes:
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In 1315, Symond Potyn founded a leper hospital near
Rochester called St. Catherine's Hospital. The original building was at the foot of Star hill. In 1805, the hospital moved to new premises at the top of Star Hill, where it remains. In 1974, a proposal was made to amalgamate it with the Richard
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In 1857 the trustees purchased a site in Maidstone Road, Rochester for £1,412 10s 0d on which to build new almshouses. The site had been a former Hospital which had been used in turn as a pest house, prison for prisoners of war and lately let for private dwellings. The trustees had been empowered
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existed before Watts left it money in his will. His will refers to "the almshouse already erected and standing", desiring it to be "reedified" as well as extended with rooms for the travellers. The work had been completed before the signing of the Indenture Quadripartite in 1593, probably around
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A review of operations led to the scheme of 1954. Some money was available to help travellers in need of financial assistance and some for "amenities or samaritan funds" at hospitals within the city. Some money was available for apprenticeships, for books, tools, fees and examinations. Power was
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to enable them to build a "Hospital and Dispensary for the relief of the Sick poor". The charity was also to pay £1,000 (later raised to £1,500) per annum to the hospital and gained the right to nominate as patients up to 20 people at any one time. These donations were maintained until 1948 until
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After 1880 when Watts Public Baths were available the selection of inmates was performed at the baths, which the travellers were obliged to attend. In 1923 bathrooms were added to the house, however in 1935 the council (who had taken over the public baths) were still allocating facilities for the
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In 1615 the charity admitted poor children to the house. There were to be up to ten "men children" who could remain until aged 18 and six "women children" who could remain until 16. There was provision also for the children to be apprenticed to "some honest citizen, or tradesman, or husbandman".
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at the Rochester Junior Technical School (three boys) and Fort Pitt Junior Technical School for Girls (three girls). The trustees had discretion in awarding grants. Where all exhibitions were filled, it was possible for the trustees to fund a child as a fee-paying pupil at the charity's expense.
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The 1855 scheme set aside £100 per year for providing apprenticeship premiums. Applications were invited each year from prospective apprentices who were interviewed (as were the prospective masters) and a selection made. The apprenticeships were from four to seven years. Between 1856 and 1925,
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In 1950 the building was listed as grade I, number 1086479. The 1858 structure is still the original timber-framed building but with the 1771 Portland stone facing. Originally there was one room per floor, but the 1604 rebuild (the "reedified" mentioned above) included the rear stair turret and
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brought a large number of independent trusts and charities under the supervision of the newly created Charity Commissioners. Watts' Charity was no exception. A new scheme was devised for the running of the charity. The charity was run buy municipal trustees who appointed a clerk and receiver.
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In 1808 the parish of Chatham followed the lead of St. Margaret's and Strood in filing a bill in Chancery for funding. It was not until 1833 that the matter was settled and Chatham received some help from the charity. The funds for poor relief were now split into 32 parts: St. Nicholas' parish
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The building is of red and yellow brick with limestone dressings. The central block in contrast is in rustic rubble ragstone. This central block houses the main entrance, with attached common room and kitchen, and above the Trustees' boardroom. The board room has a robust hammer-beam roof and
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The original charity created the post of "provider" to run the charity. The provider was appointed by, and reported annually to, the mayor. His role encompassed supervision of the house, collection of rents and provision of materials to the poor. Provision was also made for housekeeper to "be
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complained in January 1871 about "the reported inefficiency of the Nurses ... more than twelve months since", which is interesting because as mayor 1869–70 he had a level of supervision of the charity. On 2 June 1871 he was appointed to be a trustee at around the same time he left the council.
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The 1855 scheme empowered the trustees to erect public baths and wash-houses. There was a site by the river which had been occupied by the baths of the Castle Club. The trustees duly obtained it and built new baths, opening in 1880. Both private baths and swimming baths were provided. The
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provided for lepers and bedridden people to appoint proctors to beg on their behalf. There had been a leper hospital a short distance away since 1315 (see below). W Gibson Ward describes them as "... mendicants who swarmed ... under the pretence of collecting Alms for the support of Leper
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1,265 apprenticeships were funded. However, the numbers fell from 41 in 1927 to 5 in 1939. Tools, travelling and clothes were also sometimes provided. Economic changes after the war reduced the number of apprentice premiums required and by 1958 no further apprenticeships were given.
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notable internal brickwork described by English Heritage as "the brickwork and fine pointing of very high quality". To one side were the men's apartments, to the other the women's. The apartments were built along a gallery and each one contained a sitting room, bedroom and scullery.
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to provide free lodgings for poor travellers. Watts left money in his will for the benefit of six poor travellers, each of whom, according to a plaque on the outside of the building, would be given lodging and "entertainment" for one night before being sent on his way with fourpence.
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were tenable for two years, but the trustees could extend them for a further year. The age for pupil teachers was raised in line with the Education Department's requirements to 15 years in 1899. At the same time, the ages for the other grants was raised to between 13 and 16 years.
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had made it the duty of Overseers of the Poor to find apprenticeships for pauper orphans and the almshouse followed this lead. Evidence in the records of the 17th and 18th century showed this practice continued, but by the early 19th century all references to children had ceased.
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has led to local controversy. In 1772 Denne claimed that Watts used a proctor to write an early draft of his will, and the proctor perverted Watts' wishes for his own ends. Later authors claim that the proctors in question were beggars on behalf of lepers. A statute of
255:" (with Dickens himself, as narrator, being the seventh traveller). Watts' benevolence and the Dickens story are remembered during Rochester's fancy dress Dickensian Christmas Festival, when a turkey is cooked and ceremonially distributed to "the poor" at the house.
520:, an independent school founded in 604 to provide choristers for the cathedral, though now with a much wider pupilship. Grants have also been made to enable Mathematics School boys and Grammar School girls to sail with the Sail Training Association (now called the
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actual care. The Head Nurse periodically attended on all those in the care of nurses to check on the standard of work. She also had to visit all inmates of the almshouses once a week, ensure adequate fire precautions and prepare the boardroom for meetings.
358:". Watts's benevolence and the Dickens story are remembered during Rochester's fancy dress Dickensian Christmas Festival, when a turkey is cooked and ceremoniously distributed to 'the poor' (that is, anyone passing by at the time) at the house.
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under the 1855 scheme to spend up to £4,000 building the almshouses, but the 1857 plans could not be built for that amount. Tenders were invited and one of £3,449 from Charles Foord accepted, but with alterations the final cost was £4,510.
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occasion there was no response to an invitation to tender for four houses on land owned by the charity. Eventually the trustees had to apply to the Court of Chancery for permission to extend leases to 99 years, which permission was given.
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In 1693, there were allegations of misemployment of the revenues. A new agreement was drawn up whereby the Mayor's role was replaced by the 'Committee for Charitable Uses'. It was to consist of nine members selected annually by the
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Secondary education lagged behind. Pupils were either fee-paying or had to obtain scholarships. It was against this background that the Watts' Charity Education Foundation was established at a committee meeting in October 1894.
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expressed concern to the trustees for "advertising for a SRN for district work at a salary of £130 p.a.". Eventually an increase of £50 p.a. was agreed for each nurse. In 1945 the Nurses' Salaries Commission reported and the
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The existence of a leper hospital in the area may have been the reason for banning proctors from the Six Poor Travellers house. Proctors begged on behalf of the lepers and were regarded both as a nuisance and a health risk.
403:. At the almshouses the ARP (Air Raid Precautions) shelters were made available to the public and two gun emplacements installed. Prior to the inmates' return in 1946 the almshouses were repaired and electricity installed.
155:. There were five exhibitions for pupil teachers, each of £6/5/0 annually for three years. The Watts Nursing Service was established with two full-time nurses (one midwife, one district) and six occasional nurses.
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prohibited casual wayfarers in Protected Areas such as Rochester. Following notice from the Chief Constable the house finally closed its doors to travellers on 20 July 1940 after 354 years of continuous service.
1907:
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In 1976 additional new almshouses were built on the Fort Clarance site which was part of the original 1857 purchase. Ten dwellings, a Warden's house, laundry and guest room were built for a tender of £127,593.
327: lb (0.23 kg) of meat, 1 lb (0.45 kg) or bread and 1 imperial pint (0.57 L) of coffee. In the morning a further pint of coffee was served and the traveller sent off with fourpence.
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The trustees kept the house in good repair and in 1845 added a sitting room for the use of the travellers in the evening. In 1855 the supper provided for each traveller "every evening at 7 o'clock" was
2007:
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the encouragement of Music, Drama and the Arts, though the detailed application now lay with the school governors, not the trustees. The charity has made a number of grants to assist pupils at the
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and making the bed were, however, the prerogative of the nurse. Although the scheme seemed to work well, it was too expensive for the charity and the home-helps were discontinued after 1938.
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In 1886 there was a further scheme extending the work of the charity. 11 outpensions of 7/- (35p) per week were established and two exhibitions of £100 made available annually, one each to
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Inspector of Poor Travellers to make his selection there. Electric light was installed in 1935 with electric radiators in the bedrooms the following year and in the dining room by 1937.
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rethought the whole problem of relief for the poor. As well as establishing a national system of poor relief it also led to charities coming under consideration. The
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for a ruling which was decided in their favour. The parish of Strood utilised some of the money to provide a workhouse for the poor, see the inscription alongside.
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The house features restored small Elizabethan period bedrooms, along with a herb garden in the rear, and is open to the public from March through October.
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replaced the mayor and citizens of Rochester and the oversight of the charity passed to the municipal trustees appointed by the Courts of Chancery.
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100:. It was to meet at least four times a year and to examine the Provider's accounts. The arrangement lasted until 1836.
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houses...". The English Heritage listing entry includes "...or proctors (ie lawyers)" but does not elaborate further.
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Watts Charity. Amalgamation duly occurred on 11 August 1975, thus ending 660 years of independent existence.
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obtained for discretionary grants to relieve hardship or distress, either directly or via other institutions.
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Agreement between Rochester Corporation and the Trustees recorded in the Minute Book of the Baths Committee.
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The Medway Towns include the Chatham Dockyard which was one of the key naval facilities of the Kingdom
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The 1934 supplementary scheme increased certain payments and handed the baths over to the council.
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There is also a very detailed account of "Richard Watts's Charity, Rochester" in Chapter VI of
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presented themselves to the Mayor, or a deputy, who would then issue a chit for the Provider.
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In 1970 the almshouses were assigned a grade II listing, English Heritage number 1086457.
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and throws an interesting light on Dickens' story through the words of the house-keeper.
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All the inhabitants were evacuated during World War II to Eylesden, a Georgian house in
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495:. A further £100 was provided in total for eight boys and eight girls who were
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established norms for the profession. Thereafter the rates agreed by the
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limited edition of 200 copies, a copy is available from Medway libraries.
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Lucy, Henry William (1892), "Chapter 9. Christmas Eve at Watts's",
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One assumes Anti-Aircraft guns, but Hinkley is not clear on this.
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The Six Poor Travellers House is a 16th-century charity house in
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Minutes of Trustees for 16 January 1861, as reported by Hinkley.
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described a visit to the house in "Christmas Eve at Watts's" in
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Descriptive Sketches of Rochester, Chatham and their Vicinities
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Hinkley quotes the full text of the agreement in Appendix 4
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received 20 parts, St. Margaret's 6, Strood 4 and Chatham 2.
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491:. Another £100 was provided for eight girls to attend the
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The 1615 scheme provided for care of poor children. The
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1832 Royal Commission into the Operation of the Poor Laws
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1297:"Poor Travellers House Richard Watts Charity (1086479)"
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Hinkley quotes the full text of the will in Appendix 1
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Whilst the exclusion of rogues seems obvious, that of
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434:The scheme was not without problems. In 1941 the
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1357:Lane, Kieran; Singh, Karun (19 September 2014),
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507:The pupil teacher system was closed down by the
170:led to the establishment of the modern British
36:in 1579, as well as several other charities in
1359:"Welcome to the Richard Watts Charity Website"
524:). Grants have also been made to the Scouts.
292:the time of the remarriage of Marian in 1586.
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1464:
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1908:Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment Museum
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489:Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School
149:Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School
140:the hospital came under the control of the
2396:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
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2147:
2008:Spitfire & Hurricane Memorial Building
1823:Margate Old Town Hall Local History Museum
1471:
1457:
212:The Chatham Intra Charity of Richard Watts
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659:
413:
186:introduced universal health care and the
2058:Tunbridge Wells Museum & Art Gallery
1758:Kent & Sharpshooters Yeomanry Museum
1628:Deal Maritime & Local History Museum
1413:
1265:The History and Antiquities of Rochester
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190:provided a safety net replacing the old
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1898:Princess of Wales Royal Regiment Museum
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1246:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1345:, Chapman & Hall, pp. 142–160
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1316:A History of the Richard Watts Charity
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135:£4,000 was granted to the trustees of
2250:Charitable trust / Registered charity
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457:
287:The small almshouse now known as the
137:St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Rochester
2287:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation
2272:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation
1923:Rochester Art Gallery and Craft Case
1383:
931:
467:Apprenticeships and educational work
422:Things did not always go smoothly.
178:was extended to most workers by the
64:Aged are taken care of; ye Ignorant.
1938:Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway
1533:Bredgar and Wormshill Light Railway
1478:
534:St. Catherine's Hospital, Rochester
378:
336:Emergency Powers (Defence) Act 1939
68:Work Imployed, & a Comfortable.
13:
2068:Tyrwhitt-Drake Museum of Carriages
1808:Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery
1713:Gravesend's Secret Cold War Bunker
1301:National Heritage List for England
1281:National Heritage List for England
493:Rochester Grammar School for Girls
350:The house was the inspiration for
271:who not being ROGUES, or PROCTORS,
247:The house was the inspiration for
215:St. Catherine's Hospital Charities
153:Rochester Grammar School for Girls
77:Inscription above Strood workhouse
14:
2583:
2506:Master of Nonprofit Organizations
1432:
273:May receive gratis for one Night,
2103:White Mill Rural Heritage Centre
1494:
387:Watts Almshouses, Maidstone Road
265:by his Will, dated 22 Aug. 1579,
184:National Health Service Act 1946
66:instructed, Such as are Able to.
62:A.D. 1671 in which the Sick and.
56:and for the Benefit of the Poor.
43:
2170:Charitable giving and practices
2048:Tenterden & District Museum
1693:Fleur de Lis Museum and Gallery
1588:Colonel Stephens Railway Museum
634:
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281:Inscription on charity entrance
122:
117:Municipal Corporations Act 1835
70:Maintenance Provided for All..
58:of this Parish, This House was.
2567:Wills and testaments by person
2494:List of charitable foundations
2118:Woodchurch Village Life Museum
1838:Minster Abbey Gatehouse Museum
1718:Guildhall Museum, Queenborough
1393:, Henry and Co, pp. 86–99
1339:A Week's Tramp in Dickens-Land
978:Historic England & 1086457
832:Historic England & 1086479
558:
373:A Week's Tramp in Dickens-Land
60:Built with Mr. Watt's Charity.
1:
2277:Non-governmental organization
2108:Whitstable Museum and Gallery
1988:Sittingbourne Heritage Museum
1763:Kent Battle of Britain Museum
1276:"Watts' Almshouses (1086457)"
1242:"Aveling, Thomas (1824–1882)"
546:
1948:Royal Museum and Art Gallery
1788:Lashenden Air Warfare Museum
1733:Herne Bay Museum and Gallery
1538:Brenzett Aeronautical Museum
582:The Indenture also excludes
7:
2130:Tourist attractions in Kent
1723:Guildhall Museum, Rochester
1683:Elham Valley Railway Museum
1378:Charles Dickens's Rochester
1336:Hughes, William R. (1892),
584:women contagiously diseased
180:National Insurance Act 1946
176:National Insurance Act 1911
161:
10:
2588:
2447:Charity / thrift / op shop
2323:Charity (Christian virtue)
2088:Walpole Hotel & Museum
1913:RAF Manston History Museum
1773:Kent Museum of Freemasonry
1638:Dickens House Museum, Kent
1633:Deal Timeball Tower Museum
1548:Canterbury Heritage Museum
531:
228:The Poor Travellers' house
174:. The previous, limited,
129:Charitable Trusts Act 1853
2419:
2371:Animal Charity Evaluators
2356:
2315:
2237:
2176:
2126:
2003:South Foreland Lighthouse
1993:Six Poor Travellers House
1978:Sheerness Heritage Centre
1958:Sandwich Guildhall Museum
1868:Old Brook Pumping Station
1568:Chatham Historic Dockyard
1523:Blue Town Heritage Centre
1518:Belmont House and Gardens
1503:
1492:
1489:- includes location, type
1484:
1444:Six Poor Travellers House
1416:Six Poor Travellers House
1391:(Project Gutenberg eBook)
1343:(Project Gutenberg eBook)
1248:, Oxford University Press
595:Denne, quoted in Hinkley.
356:The Seven Poor Travellers
253:The Seven Poor Travellers
220:Six Poor Travellers House
73:Go and do Thou Likewise.
1983:Shoreham Aircraft Museum
1798:Lullingstone Roman Villa
1748:Hythe Library and Museum
1663:Dymchurch Martello Tower
1376:Langton, Robert (1880),
1314:Hinkley, E.J.F. (1979),
1240:Brown, Jonathan (2004),
528:St. Catherine's Hospital
518:King's School, Rochester
436:Royal College of Nursing
375:, by William R. Hughes.
269:for Six poor Travellers,
2562:Charities based in Kent
1668:East Kent Light Railway
1613:Dartford Borough Museum
1553:Chantry Heritage Centre
1543:British Cartoon Archive
1487:List of museums in Kent
1405:Phippen, James (1862),
1363:Richard Watts Charities
452:National Health Service
275:Lodging, Entertainment,
236:, founded by the local
188:National Assistance Act
142:National Health Service
26:Richard Watts Charities
2489:Ethics of philanthropy
2482:Psychological barriers
2282:Nonprofit organization
1943:Royal Engineers Museum
1878:Otford Heritage Centre
1653:Dover Transport Museum
1583:C M Booth Motor Museum
522:Tall Ships Youth Trust
414:Watts' Nursing Service
388:
284:
229:
80:
54:To the Honoour of God.
32:set up in the will of
22:
2307:Voluntary association
2302:Religious corporation
2073:Union Mill, Cranbrook
1743:Hop Farm Country Park
1603:Crampton Tower Museum
1558:Chart Gunpowder Mills
660:Lane & Singh 2014
386:
261:
227:
206:Richard Watts General
52:
30:Richard Watts Charity
21:
2452:Click-to-donate site
2316:Charity and religion
2018:St Margaret's Museum
2013:St Augustine's Abbey
1893:Powell-Cotton Museum
1843:Museum of Canterbury
1573:Chiddingstone Castle
473:Poor Relief Act 1601
277:and Fourpence each.
267:founded this Charity
209:Hayward's Almshouses
2098:Westenhanger Castle
2063:Turner Contemporary
1933:Roman Painted House
1818:Manston Fire Museum
1578:Chillenden Windmill
1528:Brattle Farm museum
1508:Agricultural Museum
1439:RichardWatts.org.uk
289:Six Poor Travellers
263:RICHARD WATTS, Esq.
2477:Effective altruism
2462:Donor-advised fund
2427:Alternative giving
2406:Giving What We Can
2381:Charity assessment
2358:Charity evaluation
2194:Charity (practice)
1778:Kent Police Museum
1678:Eden Valley Museum
1419:, ThisIsMedway.com
1410:Quoted by Hinkley.
1295:Historic England,
604:Quoted by Langton
509:Education Act 1902
499:. Initially the
458:Watts Public Baths
450:The coming of the
441:Ministry of Health
389:
230:
23:
2549:
2548:
2521:Visiting the sick
2386:Charity Navigator
2366:Aid effectiveness
2297:Social enterprise
2219:Humanity (virtue)
2136:
2135:
1918:Restoration House
1698:Folkestone Museum
1658:Draper's Windmill
1598:Crabble Corn Mill
1593:Court Hall Museum
1226:, pp. 35–36.
1031:, pp. 63–65.
725:, pp. 17–18.
710:, pp. 15–16.
354:'s short story, "
234:Rochester, Medway
86:Court of Chancery
38:Rochester, Medway
2579:
2541:Warm-glow giving
2536:Wall of kindness
2526:Voluntary sector
2163:
2156:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2093:West Gate Towers
2053:Tonbridge Castle
1998:Smallhythe Place
1973:Sevenoaks Museum
1833:Meopham Windmill
1828:Mascalls Gallery
1803:Lydd Town Museum
1608:Cranbrook Museum
1498:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1387:Faces and Places
1380:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1328:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1272:Historic England
1267:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1209:
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1197:
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1185:
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611:
605:
602:
596:
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587:
580:
574:
571:
565:
562:
379:Watts Almshouses
366:Faces and Places
326:
325:
321:
168:Beveridge Report
2587:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2572:Rochester, Kent
2552:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2531:Volunteer grant
2472:Earning to give
2432:Benefit concert
2415:
2411:GreatNonprofits
2352:
2311:
2241:
2233:
2172:
2167:
2137:
2132:
2122:
2113:Woodchurch Mill
1953:Salomons Museum
1888:Penshurst Place
1863:New Tavern Fort
1848:New Hall Museum
1499:
1490:
1480:
1479:Museums in Kent
1477:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1420:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1367:
1365:
1348:
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581:
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568:
563:
559:
549:
536:
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469:
460:
445:Whitley Council
416:
381:
352:Charles Dickens
323:
319:
318:
285:
276:
274:
272:
270:
268:
266:
264:
251:' short story "
249:Charles Dickens
222:
164:
125:
81:
69:
67:
65:
63:
61:
59:
57:
55:
46:
12:
11:
5:
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2564:
2547:
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2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2511:Matching funds
2508:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2491:
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2485:
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2469:
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2459:
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2423:
2421:
2420:Further topics
2417:
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2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1968:Scotney Castle
1965:
1963:Sarre Windmill
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1873:Old Soar Manor
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
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1845:
1840:
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1815:
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1780:
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1770:
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1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1728:Herne Windmill
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1708:Godinton House
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1673:Eastgate House
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1618:Davison's Mill
1615:
1610:
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1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
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1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1513:Ashford Museum
1510:
1504:
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1485:
1482:
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1476:
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1468:
1461:
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1434:
1433:External links
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532:Main article:
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497:pupil teachers
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424:Thomas Aveling
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401:Sutton Valence
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2445:
2443:
2442:Charity fraud
2440:
2438:
2437:Caffè sospeso
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2083:Walmer Castle
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2038:Teapot Island
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1858:Norman Museum
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1325:0-905418-76-X
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1262:
1261:Denne, Samuel
1258:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1220:
1214:, p. 86.
1213:
1208:
1202:, p. 84.
1201:
1196:
1190:, p. 83.
1189:
1184:
1178:, p. 82.
1177:
1172:
1170:
1163:, p. 81.
1162:
1157:
1151:, p. 78.
1150:
1145:
1139:, p. 77.
1138:
1133:
1127:, p. 76.
1126:
1121:
1115:, p. 71.
1114:
1109:
1103:, p. 70.
1102:
1097:
1091:, p. 69.
1090:
1085:
1079:, p. 68.
1078:
1073:
1067:, p. 65.
1066:
1061:
1054:
1049:
1043:, p. 64.
1042:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1019:, p. 61.
1018:
1013:
1011:
1004:, p. 60.
1003:
998:
991:
986:
979:
974:
972:
970:
968:
961:, p. 58.
960:
955:
953:
945:
940:
933:
928:
922:, p. 55.
921:
916:
914:
907:, p. 75.
906:
901:
895:, p. 44.
894:
889:
883:, p. 49.
882:
877:
875:
873:
866:, p. 43.
865:
860:
858:
850:
845:
843:
841:
833:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
813:, p. 11.
812:
807:
805:
803:
801:
794:, p. 39.
793:
788:
781:
776:
774:
767:, p. 25.
766:
761:
759:
752:, p. 22.
751:
746:
740:, p. 20.
739:
734:
732:
724:
719:
717:
709:
704:
697:
692:
686:, p. 14.
685:
680:
674:, Appendix 4.
673:
668:
661:
656:
652:
647:
646:
637:
628:
619:
610:
601:
592:
585:
579:
570:
561:
557:
551:
550:
544:
540:
535:
525:
523:
519:
513:
510:
505:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
481:
477:
474:
464:
455:
453:
448:
446:
442:
437:
432:
428:
425:
420:
411:
407:
404:
402:
397:
393:
385:
376:
374:
369:
367:
363:
359:
357:
353:
348:
344:
340:
337:
332:
328:
314:
310:
306:
303:
298:
293:
290:
283:
282:
278:
259:
256:
254:
250:
245:
242:
241:Richard Watts
239:
235:
226:
214:
211:
208:
205:
204:
203:
199:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
172:Welfare State
169:
159:
156:
154:
150:
145:
143:
138:
133:
130:
120:
118:
114:
109:
105:
101:
99:
95:
89:
87:
79:
78:
74:
71:
50:
44:Early history
41:
39:
35:
34:Richard Watts
31:
27:
20:
16:
2467:Donor intent
2391:CharityWatch
2292:Service club
2267:Crowdfunding
2229:Volunteering
2224:Philanthropy
2078:Upnor Castle
2043:Temple Manor
2033:Swanton Mill
1928:Roman Museum
1903:Quebec House
1793:Leeds Castle
1753:Ightham Mote
1738:Hever Castle
1703:Fort Amherst
1648:Dover Museum
1643:Dover Castle
1421:, retrieved
1415:
1406:
1395:, retrieved
1386:
1377:
1366:, retrieved
1362:
1347:, retrieved
1338:
1329:
1315:
1304:, retrieved
1300:
1285:, retrieved
1279:
1264:
1250:, retrieved
1245:
1233:Bibliography
1224:Hinkley 1979
1219:
1212:Hinkley 1979
1207:
1200:Hinkley 1979
1195:
1188:Hinkley 1979
1183:
1176:Hinkley 1979
1161:Hinkley 1979
1156:
1149:Hinkley 1979
1144:
1137:Hinkley 1979
1132:
1125:Hinkley 1979
1120:
1113:Hinkley 1979
1108:
1101:Hinkley 1979
1096:
1089:Hinkley 1979
1084:
1077:Hinkley 1979
1072:
1065:Hinkley 1979
1060:
1048:
1041:Hinkley 1979
1036:
1029:Hinkley 1979
1024:
1017:Hinkley 1979
1002:Hinkley 1979
997:
990:Phippen 1862
985:
959:Hinkley 1979
939:
927:
920:Hinkley 1979
905:Hinkley 1979
900:
893:Hinkley 1979
888:
881:Hinkley 1979
864:Hinkley 1979
849:Hinkley 1979
811:Hinkley 1979
792:Hinkley 1979
787:
780:ThisIsMedway
765:Hinkley 1979
750:Hinkley 1979
745:
738:Hinkley 1979
723:Hinkley 1979
708:Hinkley 1979
703:
696:Hinkley 1979
691:
684:Hinkley 1979
679:
672:Hinkley 1979
667:
655:
636:
627:
618:
609:
600:
591:
583:
578:
569:
560:
541:
537:
514:
506:
486:
482:
478:
470:
461:
449:
433:
429:
421:
417:
408:
405:
398:
394:
390:
372:
370:
365:
360:
349:
345:
341:
333:
329:
315:
311:
307:
294:
288:
286:
280:
279:
262:
257:
246:
231:
202:Charities":
200:
196:
165:
157:
146:
134:
126:
123:1853 onwards
110:
106:
102:
90:
82:
76:
75:
72:
53:
47:
29:
28:incorporate
25:
24:
15:
2214:Fundraising
2177:Main topics
2023:Stocks Mill
1813:Maison Dieu
1783:Knole House
1623:Deal Castle
1306:11 December
1287:11 December
944:Hughes 1892
501:exhibitions
447:were paid.
2556:Categories
2499:wealthiest
2255:Foundation
2240:charitable
2199:Compassion
2128:See also:
1688:Finchcocks
1423:13 January
1368:13 January
1053:Brown 2004
547:References
362:Henry Lucy
98:Court Leet
94:Grand Jury
2238:Types of
2028:Stoneacre
1768:Kent Life
1563:Chartwell
932:Lucy 1892
648:Citations
552:Footnotes
302:Edward VI
192:Poor Laws
166:The 1942
2516:Telethon
2401:GiveWell
2338:Tzedakah
2204:Donation
2189:Altruism
1853:New Mill
1263:(1772),
297:proctors
162:Post War
2343:Sadaqah
2260:Private
2209:Empathy
1883:Owletts
1397:28 June
1349:28 June
1252:26 July
322:⁄
182:. The
96:of the
2376:Candid
1322:
2457:Drive
2348:Zakat
2333:Tithe
1330:Note:
2328:Dāna
2184:Alms
1425:2015
1399:2012
1370:2015
1351:2012
1320:ISBN
1308:2012
1289:2012
1254:2012
334:The
151:and
127:The
111:The
2558::
1361:,
1299:,
1278:,
1274:,
1244:,
1168:^
1009:^
966:^
951:^
912:^
871:^
856:^
839:^
818:^
799:^
772:^
757:^
730:^
715:^
238:MP
144:.
2162:e
2155:t
2148:v
1472:e
1465:t
1458:v
1055:.
992:.
980:.
946:.
934:.
851:.
834:.
782:.
662:.
586:.
324:2
320:1
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