Knowledge

Rhetorical modes

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facts about the object, but to give readers a direct impression of that object, as if they were standing in its presence. The descriptive writer's task is one of translation: he wants to find words to capture the way his five senses have registered the item, so a reader of those words will have a mental picture of it.
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a place, an object, a character, or a group. It acts as an imaginative guide to stimulate the thoughts of the reader in the form of allowing the mind to personally interact with what the writer has molded through literary enhancement of thoughtful impressions. The writer tries, not simply to convey
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An argument is a claim made to support or encourage an audience towards believing in a certain idea. In ordinary life, it also refers to a discussion between people representing two (or more) disagreeing sides of an issue. It is often conducted orally, and a formal oral argument between two sides is
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is to set forth in detail, so a reader will learn some facts about a given subject. In exposition, as in other rhetorical modes, details must be selected and ordered according to the writer's sense of their importance and interest. Although the expository writer isn't primarily taking a stand on an
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an event or series of events. This writing mode frequently uses the tools of descriptive writing (see below), but also exposition. Narration is an especially useful tool for sequencing or putting details and information into some kind of logical order, traditionally chronological. Working with
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Exactly the same guidelines that hold for a descriptive or narrative essay can be used for the descriptive or narrative paragraph. That is, such a paragraph should be vivid, precise, and climactic, so that the details add up to something more than random observations.
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Exactly the same guidelines that hold for a descriptive or narrative essay can be used for the descriptive or narrative paragraph. That is, such a paragraph should be vivid, precise, and climactic, so that the details add up to something more than random observations.
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The purpose of description is to re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that which is being described. Descriptive writing can be found in the other rhetorical modes.
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Chris Baldick defines mode as an unspecific critical term usually designating a broad but identifiable kind of literary method, mood, or manner that is not tied exclusively to a particular form or genre. Examples are the
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can be either intimate and casual or neutrally objective and solemn. Inevitably, a good part of narration is taken up with describing. But a narrative essay differs from a descriptive one in its emphasis on
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is to set forth in detail, so that a reader will learn some facts about a given subject. However, no essay is merely a set of facts. Behind all the details lies an attitude, a
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Expository writing is a type of writing where the purpose is to explain or inform the audience about a topic. It is considered one of the four most common rhetorical modes.
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Frederick Crews uses the term to mean a type of essay and categorizes essays as falling into four types, corresponding to four basic functions of prose:
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The purpose of expository writing is to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion. In
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which points so plainly to the correctness of one's stand that one can afford to be civil and even generous toward those who believe otherwise.
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identifies five different fiction-writing modes: action, summary, dialogue, feelings/thoughts, and background. Author and writing-instructor
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presents facts, gives directions, defines terms, and so on. It should clearly inform readers about a specific subject. An
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lists six delivery modes for fiction-writing: action, exposition, description, dialogue, summary, and transition. Author
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The Book of Literary Terms: The Genres of Fiction, Drama, Nonfiction, Literary Criticism, and Scholarship
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Essays whose governing intent is descriptive or narrative are relatively uncommon in college writing.
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in order to make a point about some aspect of life or society. Perhaps the most famous example is
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When an essay writer's position is not implied but openly and centrally maintained, the essay is
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Real Writing with Readings: Paragraphs and Essays for College, Work, and Everyday Life
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issue, they can't—and shouldn't try to—keep their opinions completely hidden. To
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By Cunning & Craft: Sound Advice and Practical Wisdom for fiction writers
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is one whose chief aim is to present information or to explain something. To
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Susan Anker distinguishes between nine different modes of essay writing:
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Connors, Robert (1981). "The Rise and Fall of the Modes of Discourse".
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narration helps us see clear sequences separate from other modes.
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Between the Lines: Master the Subtle Elements of Fiction Writing
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provides background information to teach or entertain. In other
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such as, "Ought all people to be kind to one another?" and
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Different definitions of mode apply to different types of
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Writers Inc.: A Student Handbook for Writing and Learning
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Sebranek, Patrick; Kemper, Dave; Meyer, Verne (2006),
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The four basic elements of expository writing are the
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How-to essays, such as recipes and other instructions
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in 1827, the modes of discourse have long influenced
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Newman in 2408: 2091: 1060:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style 2452: 2434: 2353: 2331: 2229: 2103: 2056: 2045: 1700:), the purpose is to teach and inform. 3863: 3247:Types of fiction with multiple endings 2492: 2115: 1493:has its own purposes and conventions. 2557: 2510: 2382: 2356:College Composition and Communication 2305: 2289: 2277: 2265: 2253: 2217: 2202: 2175: 2163: 2151: 2139: 2127: 2079: 2067: 1263:Rhetoric of social intervention model 2181: 1549:recounts something that has happened 2413:The Marshall Plan for Novel Writing 16:Major types of writing and speaking 13: 2242:Sebranek, Kemper & Meyer (2006 1458:, or writing that gives examples; 14: 3892: 3650:Third-person omniscient narrative 2537: 1454:, or writing that tells stories; 1372:(persuasive) purpose: narration, 2187: 1906: 49: 2521:University Press of New England 2283: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2211: 2196: 2169: 2157: 2145: 1571:Examples of narration include: 1531:The purpose of narration is to 3038:Conflict between good and evil 2133: 2121: 2109: 2097: 2085: 2073: 2061: 2050: 2039: 1611: 1395: 1382:A Practical System of Rhetoric 1: 2583: 2299: 1668: 1486:, or writing that persuades. 1233:List of feminist rhetoricians 1516: 1223:Glossary of rhetorical terms 7: 2549:What is Expository Writing? 2015: 1989:. The ideal is to present 1070:Language as Symbolic Action 10: 3897: 2391:(2nd ed.), New York: 1910: 1615: 1520: 18: 3713: 3685: 3677:Stream of unconsciousness 3620: 3364: 3255: 3208:Falling action/Catastasis 3153: 3058: 2993: 2916: 2728: 2591: 2387:The Random House Handbook 2383:Crews, Frederick (1977), 1985:. An argument is simply 980:De Optimo Genere Oratorum 3045:Self-fulfilling prophecy 2477:Houghton Mifflin Company 2453:Rozakis, Laurie (2003), 2314:(3rd ed.), Boston: 2032: 1966:Letter of recommendation 19:Not to be confused with 3672:Stream of consciousness 3135:Suspension of disbelief 2338:Oxford University Press 2332:Baldick, Chris (2004), 1810:technical communication 1698:technical communication 1476:comparison and contrast 920:De Sophisticis Elenchis 3876:Composition (language) 3213:Denouement/Catastrophe 3194:Rising action/Epitasis 2192:. Stanford University. 1386:US writing instruction 1040:De doctrina Christiana 1030:Dialogus de oratoribus 950:Rhetorica ad Herennium 176:Captatio benevolentiae 3559:Utopian and dystopian 2511:Turco, Lewis (1999), 2306:Anker, Susan (2004), 1971:Letters to the editor 1854:Encyclopedia articles 1751:, "What kind is it?" 1747:, "What is it?"; and 1443:, or explaining; and 1208:Communication studies 1050:De vulgari eloquentia 910:Rhetoric to Alexander 3113:Narrative techniques 2893:Story within a story 2705:Supporting character 2544:The Expository Essay 2435:Morrell, JP (2006), 2409:Marshall, E (1998), 2205:"Expository Writing" 2203:Nordquist, Richard. 2190:"Expository Writing" 1884:expository paragraph 1743:, "Does it exist?"; 1707:being examined; the 1503:Jessica Page Morrell 1491:fiction-writing mode 3818:Political narrative 3660:Unreliable narrator 3517:Speculative fiction 3225:Nonlinear narrative 3173:Three-act structure 3033:Deal with the Devil 2094:, pp. 143–165) 1991:supporting evidence 1873:Technical standards 1390:writing assessments 1213:Composition studies 1144:Health and medicine 1010:Institutio Oratoria 217:Eloquentia perfecta 3796:Narrative paradigm 3791:Narrative identity 3721:Dominant narrative 3667:Multiple narrators 2951:Fictional location 2794:Dramatic structure 2493:Selgin, P (2007), 2082:, pp. 97–246) 1930:Examples include: 1924:persuasive writing 1825:Scientific journal 1820:Scientific reports 1815:Scientific writing 1754:Examples include: 1696:contexts (such as 1680:contexts (such as 1653:Examples include: 1376:, exposition, and 1354:modes of discourse 1298:Terministic screen 1080:A General Rhetoric 610:Resignation speech 147:Studia humanitatis 129:Byzantine rhetoric 3858: 3857: 3801:Narrative therapy 3235:television series 3180:Freytag's Pyramid 3023:Moral development 2926:Alternate history 2636:False protagonist 2504:978-1-58297-491-0 2486:978-0-669-52994-4 2446:978-1-58297-393-7 2428:978-1-58297-062-2 2347:978-0-19-860883-7 2292:, pp. 15–16) 2268:, pp. 14–15) 2256:, pp. 14–15) 2188:Ball, Arnetha F. 2010:A Modest Proposal 1863:Technical writing 1737:specific question 1646:tend to prevail. 1606:Travel literature 1346: 1345: 1273:Rogerian argument 1020:Panegyrici Latini 112:The age of Cicero 21:Mood (literature) 3888: 3781:Literary science 3324:Narrative poetry 3220:Linear narrative 3130:Stylistic device 3125:Show, don't tell 3088:Figure of speech 2878:Shaggy dog story 2621:Characterization 2578: 2571: 2564: 2555: 2554: 2533: 2518: 2507: 2489: 2467: 2449: 2431: 2416: 2405: 2390: 2379: 2350: 2328: 2313: 2293: 2287: 2281: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2257: 2251: 2245: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2185: 2179: 2173: 2167: 2161: 2155: 2149: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2054: 2048: 2043: 1940:Critical reviews 1935:Advertising copy 1888:expository essay 1833:Academic writing 1797:Personal letters 1762:Business letters 1729:general question 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(2004) 2049: 2046:Connors (1981) 2037: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2024: 2017: 2014: 2006:Jonathan Swift 1979: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1961:Job evaluation 1958: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1911:Main article: 1908: 1905: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1876: 1875: 1870: 1860: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1856: 1845: 1840: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1822: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1799: 1791: 1790: 1789: 1784: 1776: 1775: 1774: 1772:Press releases 1769: 1764: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1665: 1660: 1630:essay aims to 1616:Main article: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1527:narrative mode 1518: 1515: 1495:Literary agent 1468:classification 1435:, or telling; 1397: 1394: 1366:speech-writing 1344: 1343: 1341: 1340: 1333: 1326: 1318: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1202:Ars dictaminis 1197: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1076: 1066: 1056: 1046: 1036: 1026: 1016: 1006: 1000:On the Sublime 996: 986: 976: 966: 956: 946: 936: 926: 916: 906: 896: 886: 875: 871: 870: 869: 866: 865: 862: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 705: 701: 700: 699: 696: 695: 692: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 655: 654: 644: 638: 632: 631: 630: 627: 626: 623: 622: 617: 612: 607: 606: 605: 595: 594: 593: 583: 582: 581: 576: 571: 561: 556: 551: 549:Lightning talk 546: 545: 544: 534: 529: 528: 527: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 496: 495: 490: 478: 473: 466: 465: 464: 454: 449: 444: 443: 442: 430: 425: 419: 415: 414: 413: 410: 409: 406: 405: 398: 391: 390: 389: 379: 374: 373: 372: 365: 358: 346: 341: 336: 334:Method of loci 331: 324: 317: 312: 311: 310: 303: 296: 289: 282: 270: 269: 268: 263: 253: 252: 251: 241: 234: 229: 222: 221: 220: 208: 203: 196: 189: 184: 179: 171: 167: 166: 165: 162: 161: 158: 157: 152: 151: 150: 138: 137: 136: 131: 121: 120: 119: 114: 104: 99: 98: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 70:Ancient Greece 66: 60: 59: 58: 55: 54: 46: 45: 39: 38: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3893: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3835:Screenwriting 3833: 3829: 3826: 3825: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3718: 3716: 3712: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3640:Second-person 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3572: 3569: 3565: 3562: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3544:Magic realism 3542: 3540: 3537: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3475:Psychological 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3455:Philosophical 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3380:Autobiography 3378: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3367: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3330: 3327: 3326: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3319:Narrative art 3317: 3315: 3312: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3277:Flash fiction 3275: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3186: 3183: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3168:Act structure 3166: 3165: 3164: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3030: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2986: 2985:Worldbuilding 2983: 2981: 2978: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2915: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2833: 2832:KishĹŤtenketsu 2829: 2827: 2826: 2825:In medias res 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2804:Foreshadowing 2802: 2800: 2799:Eucatastrophe 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2784: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2762:Chekhov's gun 2760: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2727: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2652: 2651:Gothic double 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2631:Deuteragonist 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2611:Character arc 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2579: 2574: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2560: 2559: 2556: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2532: 2530:0-87451-954-3 2526: 2522: 2517: 2516: 2509: 2506: 2500: 2496: 2491: 2488: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2430: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2414: 2407: 2404: 2402:0-394-31211-2 2398: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2352: 2349: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2327: 2325:0-312-40521-9 2321: 2317: 2316:Bedford Books 2312: 2311: 2304: 2303: 2291: 2286: 2279: 2274: 2267: 2262: 2255: 2250: 2244:, p. 97) 2243: 2238: 2231: 2230:Rozakis (2003 2226: 2219: 2214: 2206: 2199: 2191: 2184: 2177: 2172: 2166:, p. 14) 2165: 2160: 2154:, p. 13) 2153: 2148: 2141: 2136: 2130:, p. 14) 2129: 2124: 2118:, p. 38) 2117: 2112: 2105: 2104:Morrell (2006 2100: 2093: 2088: 2081: 2076: 2070:, p. 13) 2069: 2064: 2058: 2053: 2047: 2042: 2038: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2013: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1983:argumentative 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1932: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1919: 1914: 1913:Argumentation 1907:Argumentation 1904: 1902: 1901:point of view 1898: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1861: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1835: 1834: 1831: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1811: 1808:Academic and 1807: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1779: 1777: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1633: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1581:Autobiography 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1528: 1524: 1514: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1499:Evan Marshall 1496: 1492: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1405: 1403: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1378:argumentation 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1303:Toulmin model 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1288:Talking point 1286: 1284: 1283:Speechwriting 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1190: 1189: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1104:Argumentation 1102: 1101: 1093: 1092: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1072: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1052: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1041: 1037: 1032: 1031: 1027: 1022: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1011: 1007: 1002: 1001: 997: 992: 991: 987: 982: 981: 977: 972: 971: 967: 962: 961: 957: 952: 951: 947: 942: 941: 940:De Inventione 937: 932: 931: 927: 922: 921: 917: 912: 911: 907: 902: 901: 897: 892: 891: 887: 882: 881: 877: 876: 868: 867: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 706: 698: 697: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 653: 650: 649: 648: 645: 643: 640: 639: 635: 629: 628: 621: 620:War-mongering 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 604: 601: 600: 599: 596: 592: 589: 588: 587: 586:Progymnasmata 584: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 566: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 554:Maiden speech 552: 550: 547: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 533: 530: 526: 523: 522: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 494: 491: 489: 488: 484: 483: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 471: 467: 463: 460: 459: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 441: 440: 436: 435: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 420: 412: 411: 404: 403: 399: 397: 396: 392: 388: 385: 384: 383: 380: 378: 375: 371: 370: 366: 364: 363: 359: 357: 356: 352: 351: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 329: 325: 323: 322: 318: 316: 313: 309: 308: 304: 302: 301: 297: 295: 294: 290: 288: 287: 283: 281: 280: 276: 275: 274: 271: 267: 264: 262: 259: 258: 257: 254: 250: 247: 246: 245: 242: 240: 239: 235: 233: 230: 228: 227: 223: 219: 218: 214: 213: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 201: 197: 195: 194: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 178: 177: 173: 172: 164: 163: 156: 155:Modern period 153: 149: 148: 144: 143: 142: 139: 135: 132: 130: 127: 126: 125: 122: 118: 115: 113: 110: 109: 108: 105: 103: 102:Ancient India 100: 96: 93: 91: 88: 86: 85:Attic orators 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 72: 71: 68: 67: 63: 57: 56: 52: 48: 47: 44: 41: 40: 36: 32: 31: 26: 22: 3840:Storytelling 3655:Subjectivity 3645:Third-person 3635:First-person 3269: 3078:Comic relief 2830: 2823: 2814:Flashforward 2781: 2755:Origin story 2737: 2700:Straight man 2655: 2514: 2494: 2472: 2454: 2436: 2412: 2393:Random House 2386: 2359: 2355: 2333: 2309: 2285: 2273: 2261: 2249: 2237: 2225: 2213: 2207:. About.com. 2198: 2183: 2171: 2159: 2147: 2135: 2123: 2116:Selgin (2007 2111: 2099: 2087: 2075: 2063: 2052: 2041: 1995: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1980: 1929: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1881: 1787:News article 1753: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1702: 1675: 1672: 1652: 1648: 1643: 1639: 1637: 1631: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1596:Oral history 1570: 1566: 1561: 1557: 1548: 1544: 1542: 1533:tell a story 1530: 1510: 1507:Peter Selgin 1488: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1456:illustration 1455: 1451: 1449: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1430: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1406: 1399: 1381: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1228:Glossophobia 1200: 1119:Constitutive 1078: 1068: 1058: 1048: 1038: 1028: 1018: 1008: 998: 988: 978: 968: 958: 948: 938: 928: 918: 908: 898: 888: 878: 702:Rhetoricians 615:Stump speech 532:Invitational 485: 470:Dissoi logoi 468: 447:Deliberative 439:Controversia 437: 400: 393: 367: 360: 353: 338: 326: 319: 307:Pronuntiatio 305: 298: 291: 284: 277: 236: 224: 215: 198: 191: 174: 145: 107:Ancient Rome 3871:Narratology 3845:Tellability 3811:Metafiction 3806:Narratology 3578:Theological 3470:Pop culture 3351:Short story 3329:Epic poetry 3050:Time travel 2863:Red herring 2848:Plot device 2819:Frame story 2772:Cliffhanger 2715:Tritagonist 2690:Protagonist 2519:, Hanover: 2290:Crews (1977 2278:Turco (1999 2266:Crews (1977 2254:Crews (1977 2218:Turco (1999 2176:Crews (1977 2164:Crews (1977 2152:Crews (1977 2140:Crews (1977 2128:Crews (1977 2080:Anker (2004 2068:Crews (1977 1868:User guides 1838:Term papers 1778:Journalism 1628:descriptive 1618:Description 1612:Description 1601:Short story 1497:and author 1460:description 1437:description 1396:Definitions 1374:description 1368:) by their 1364:(including 1308:Wooden iron 1268:Rhetrickery 1243:Oral skills 1179:Composition 1114:Contrastive 934:(c. 350 BC) 924:(c. 350 BC) 914:(c. 350 BC) 904:(c. 350 BC) 894:(c. 370 BC) 754:Demosthenes 734:Brueggemann 669:Ideological 520:Homiletics‎ 433:Declamation 423:Apologetics 273:Five canons 141:Renaissance 124:Middle Ages 3865:Categories 3731:Continuity 3600:Nonfiction 3564:Underwater 3460:Picaresque 3435:Historical 3420:Epistolary 3292:Fairy tale 3203:Peripeteia 3185:Exposition 2941:Dreamworld 2883:Stereotype 2853:Plot twist 2601:Antagonist 2336:, Oxford: 2300:References 2027:Literature 1950:Editorials 1918:a debate. 1733:hypothesis 1717:conclusion 1694:nonfiction 1690:exposition 1669:Exposition 1640:Exposition 1632:make vivid 1509:refers to 1472:definition 1441:exposition 1424:, and the 1412:mode, the 1370:rhetorical 1164:Technology 1154:Procedural 974:(c. 50 BC) 960:De Oratore 824:Quintilian 819:Protagoras 674:Metaphoric 598:Propaganda 481:Epideictic 395:Sotto voce 349:Persuasion 344:Operations 286:Dispositio 182:Chironomia 3622:Narration 3571:Superhero 3495:Chivalric 3480:Religious 3465:Political 3400:Adventure 3385:Biography 3307:Tall tale 3155:Structure 3140:Symbolism 3108:Narration 3008:Leitmotif 2936:Crossover 2931:Backstory 2888:Story arc 2838:MacGuffin 2809:Flashback 2750:Backstory 2626:Confidant 2606:Archenemy 2593:Character 2585:Narrative 1945:Critiques 1843:Textbooks 1793:Personal 1758:Business 1749:quale sit 1721:Aristotle 1678:narrative 1586:Biography 1545:narrative 1523:narrative 1517:Narration 1452:narration 1433:narration 1278:Seduction 1109:Cognitive 1097:Subfields 1024:(100–400) 779:Isocrates 719:Augustine 709:Aristotle 684:Narrative 634:Criticism 579:Philippic 493:Panegyric 476:Elocution 457:Dialectic 377:Situation 238:Facilitas 232:Enthymeme 211:Eloquence 193:Delectare 3881:Rhetoric 3828:Glossary 3823:Rhetoric 3630:Diegesis 3610:Creative 3583:Thriller 3532:Southern 3450:Paranoid 3445:Nautical 3356:Vignette 3314:Gamebook 3282:Folklore 3189:Protasis 3068:Allegory 3013:Metaphor 2971:parallel 2966:universe 2946:Dystopia 2903:Suspense 2789:Dialogue 2777:Conflict 2685:Narrator 2657:Hamartia 2016:See also 1847:General 1827:articles 1745:quid sit 1713:argument 1644:argument 1576:Anecdote 1562:sequence 1484:argument 1445:argument 1426:didactic 1422:pastoral 1149:Pedagogy 1129:Feminist 900:Rhetoric 890:Phaedrus 884:(380 BC) 834:Richards 804:Perelman 652:Pentadic 647:Dramatic 591:Suasoria 569:Diatribe 510:Forensic 487:Encomium 452:Demagogy 321:Imitatio 293:Elocutio 279:Inventio 249:Informal 168:Concepts 95:Sophists 90:Calliope 80:Atticism 75:Asianism 43:Rhetoric 35:a series 33:Part of 3758:Prequel 3714:Related 3700:Present 3593:Western 3549:Science 3522:Fantasy 3490:Romance 3440:Mystery 3425:Ergodic 3390:Fiction 3346:Parable 3341:Novella 3271:Fabliau 3242:Premise 3093:Imagery 3083:Diction 2961:country 2918:Setting 2898:Subplot 2720:Villain 2673:Byronic 2419:143–165 1976:RĂ©sumĂ©s 1897:expound 1892:expound 1767:Reports 1705:subject 1686:fiction 1682:history 1537:narrate 1511:methods 1410:satiric 1402:writing 1194:Related 1169:Therapy 1159:Science 1124:Digital 1004:(c. 50) 994:(46 BC) 984:(46 BC) 964:(55 BC) 954:(80 BC) 944:(84 BC) 880:Gorgias 849:Toulmin 844:Tacitus 794:McLuhan 769:Gorgias 764:Erasmus 759:Derrida 724:Bakhtin 714:Aspasia 679:Mimesis 642:Cluster 574:Eristic 564:Polemic 559:Oratory 537:Lecture 300:Memoria 244:Fallacy 187:Decorum 134:Trivium 62:History 3762:Sequel 3746:Retcon 3741:Reboot 3705:Future 3539:Horror 3527:Gothic 3512:Satire 3430:Erotic 3297:Legend 3199:Climax 3073:Bathos 2980:Utopia 2868:Reveal 2767:ClichĂ© 2745:Action 2739:Ab ovo 2678:Tragic 2527:  2501:  2483:  2461:  2443:  2425:  2399:  2376:356607 2374:  2344:  2322:  2002:satire 1957:letter 1741:an sit 1725:thesis 1709:thesis 1663:Poetry 1547:essay 1420:, the 1416:, the 1414:ironic 1358:formal 1253:Pistis 1248:Orator 1174:Visual 1084:(1970) 1074:(1966) 1064:(1521) 1054:(1305) 990:Orator 930:Topics 859:Weaver 789:Lysias 784:Lucian 774:Hobbes 749:de Man 744:Cicero 542:Public 525:Sermon 500:Eulogy 428:Debate 416:Genres 362:Pathos 328:Kairos 315:Hypsos 261:Scheme 226:Eunoia 206:Device 200:Docere 3769:Genre 3736:Canon 3687:Tense 3605:Novel 3588:Urban 3500:Prose 3485:Rogue 3410:Crime 3405:Comic 3366:Genre 3336:Novel 3287:Fable 3265:Drama 3230:films 3060:Style 3028:Motif 3018:Moral 3003:Irony 2995:Theme 2908:Trope 2372:JSTOR 2033:Notes 1998:humor 1802:Wills 1735:, or 1727:, or 1591:Novel 1489:Each 1418:comic 1044:(426) 1034:(102) 872:Works 839:Smith 829:Ramus 814:Plato 809:Pizan 739:Burke 729:Booth 664:Genre 659:Frame 402:Topos 387:Grand 382:Style 369:Logos 355:Ethos 339:Modes 266:Trope 3774:List 3695:Past 3554:Hard 3507:Saga 3415:Docu 3371:List 3302:Myth 3257:Form 3145:Tone 3118:Hook 3103:Mood 3098:Mode 2956:city 2843:Pace 2730:Plot 2668:Anti 2663:Hero 2646:Foil 2525:ISBN 2499:ISBN 2481:ISBN 2459:ISBN 2441:ISBN 2423:ISBN 2397:ISBN 2342:ISBN 2320:ISBN 2008:'s " 1684:and 1642:and 1560:and 1558:time 1553:tone 1525:and 1360:and 1348:The 1218:Doxa 1014:(95) 854:Vico 603:Spin 3163:Act 2364:doi 2012:". 2000:or 1882:An 1723:: 1688:), 1535:or 1293:TED 1139:New 799:Ong 23:or 3867:: 3760:/ 2523:, 2479:, 2421:, 2395:, 2370:. 2360:32 2358:. 2340:, 2318:, 1626:A 1543:A 1428:. 1404:. 37:on 3373:) 3369:( 3201:/ 3187:/ 2577:e 2570:t 2563:v 2378:. 2366:: 1337:e 1330:t 1323:v 27:.

Index

Mood (literature)
Grammatical mood
a series
Rhetoric

History
Ancient Greece
Asianism
Atticism
Attic orators
Calliope
Sophists
Ancient India
Ancient Rome
The age of Cicero
Second Sophistic
Middle Ages
Byzantine rhetoric
Trivium
Renaissance
Studia humanitatis
Modern period
Captatio benevolentiae
Chironomia
Decorum
Delectare
Docere
Device
Eloquence
Eloquentia perfecta

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