935:
152:
129:
1817:
921:
reduced the northern ranges of the
Sequoioideae, as did subsequent ice ages. Evolutionary adaptations to ancient environments persist in all three species despite changing climate, distribution, and associated flora, especially the specific demands of their reproduction ecology that ultimately forced
1074:
Brunsfeld, Steven J; Soltis, Pamela S; Soltis, Douglas E; Gadek, Paul A; Quinn, Christopher J; Strenge, Darren D; Ranker, Tom A (1994). "Phylogenetic
Relationships Among the Genera of Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae: Evidence from rbcL Sequences".
1493:
Wan, Mingli; Yang, Wan; Tang, Peng; Liu, Lujun; Wang, Jun (2017). "Medulloprotaxodioxylon triassicum gen. Et sp. Nov., a taxodiaceous conifer wood from the Norian (Triassic) of northern Bogda
Mountains, northwestern China".
382:. The redwood species contains the largest and tallest trees in the world. These trees can live for thousands of years. Threats include logging, fire suppression, illegal marijuana cultivation, and
1476:
1326:
Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu (August 2021).
802:(in which two species hybridize and give rise to a third) among the three genera. However, the long evolutionary history of the three genera (the earliest fossil remains being from the
1196:
Yang, Z.Y.; Ran, J.H.; Wang, X.Q. (2012). "Three Genome-based
Phylogeny of Cupressaceae s.l: Further Evidence for the Evolution of Gymnosperms and Southern Hemisphere Biogeography".
1389:
1614:"Neutron tomography of Austrosequoia novae-zeelandia e comb. nov. (Late Cretaceous, Chatham Islands, New Zealand): implications for Sequoioideae phylogeny and biogeography"
2625:
977:
as
Endangered (B1ab). In 2024 it was reported that over a period of two years about one-fifth of all giant sequoias were destroyed in extreme wildfires in California.
1772:
886:
3262:
1652:
931:, known from the Late Cretaceous-Oligocene of the Southern Hemisphere, including Australia and New Zealand, has been suggested as a member of the subfamily.
876:
3521:
1761:
1473:
1474:
Origins of polyploidy in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and relationship of coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) to other genera of
Taxodiaceae.
657:
A 2021 study using molecular evidence found the same relationships among
Sequoioideae species, but found Sequoioideae to be the sister group to the
927:
278:
1039:
Kurland, Justin; Pires, Stephen F; Marteache, Nerea (2018). "The spatial pattern of redwood burl poaching and implications for prevention".
1162:
Takaso, T.; Tomlinson, P.B. (1992). "Seed cone and ovule ontogeny in
Metasequoia, Sequoia and Sequoiadendron (Taxodiaceae-Coniferales)".
953:
In 2024, it was estimated that there were about 500,000 redwoods in
Britain, mostly brought as seeds and seedlings from the US in the
417:
Multiple studies of both morphological and molecular characters have strongly supported the assertion that the
Sequoioideae are
1849:
1021:
409:, are deciduous, grow much smaller (although are still large compared to most other trees) and can live in colder climates.
688:
has come to be understood as quite common in plants—with estimates ranging from 47% to 100% of flowering plants and extant
1429:"Compressions of Sequoia (Cupressaceae sensu lato) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, China"
1778:
1671:
1546:
1008:"Prescribed Fire at Redwood National and State Parks - Redwood National and State Parks (U.S. National Park Service)"
934:
810:
originated once and for all a difficult matter—especially since it in part depends on an incomplete fossil record.
1577:
Jagels, Richard; Equiza, MarĂa A. (2007). "Why did Metasequoia disappear from North America but not from China?".
4001:
1523:"Revision of Fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in Western North America Based on the Recent Discovery of Metasequoia"
1590:
1821:
317:
3738:
2818:
2351:
2219:
820:
500:
405:
1328:"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms"
2908:
151:
457:
A 2006 paper based on non-molecular evidence suggested the following relationship among extant species:
4034:
3701:
1842:
1294:
913:, Europe, North America, and throughout Asia and Japan. A general cooling trend beginning in the late
449:—and generated a notable exception that calls into question the specifics of this relative consensus.
2888:
2868:
2848:
2838:
2828:
2748:
2582:
2542:
2465:
2456:
1964:
1613:
3824:
3786:
2898:
2808:
2778:
2758:
2552:
2282:
1944:
894:
and may represent an ancestral form of the Sequoioideae; this supports the idea of a Late Triassic
831:
581:
32:
17:
2788:
2428:
2371:
2361:
2328:
2090:
1954:
1897:
1887:
1234:
Mao, K.; Milne, R.I.; Zhang, L.; Peng, Y.; Liu, J.; Thomas, P.; Mill, R.R.; Renner, S.S. (2012).
906:
766:
in the tree generated with the NLY gene. Further analysis strongly supported the hypothesis that
3992:
3954:
3884:
3592:
3569:
3481:
3451:
3411:
3351:
3182:
3112:
2878:
2858:
2725:
2695:
2592:
2572:
2030:
1987:
1428:
1115:"Relationships Within Cupressaceae Sensu Lato: A Combined Morphological and Molecular Approach"
1767:
IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. Downloaded on 10 January 2014.
1522:
4029:
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3024:
2798:
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2705:
2655:
2635:
2508:
2418:
2239:
2196:
1835:
700:(2n= 6x= 66). To investigate the origins of this polyploidy Yang et al. used two single copy
1699:
712:. Other researchers have had success with these genes in similar studies on different taxa.
669:. Sequoioideae and Athrotaxidoideae are thought to have diverged from each other during the
3861:
3762:
3547:
3539:
3511:
3491:
3431:
3321:
3172:
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3034:
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2120:
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138:
8:
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3421:
3301:
3242:
3212:
3142:
3132:
3082:
3044:
3014:
2645:
2615:
2305:
2150:
2070:
2020:
854:
771:
692:
having derived from ancient polyploidy. Within the gymnosperms however it is quite rare.
313:
39:
1612:
Mays, Chris; Cantrill, David J.; Stilwell, Jeffrey D.; Bevitt, Joseph J. (28 May 2018).
1251:
3918:
3908:
3625:
3401:
3391:
3371:
3361:
3252:
3232:
3004:
2994:
2984:
2931:
2715:
2685:
2675:
2249:
2110:
2080:
1594:
1552:
1448:
1409:
1363:
1270:
1235:
1175:
1136:
1092:
1056:
1007:
958:
441:
went on to investigate the origin of a peculiar genetic component in Sequoioideae, the
146:
1672:"Wildfires are killing California's ancient giants. Can seedlings save sequoia trees?"
1327:
3331:
3192:
3162:
3102:
2400:
2140:
2100:
2010:
1633:
1598:
1542:
1452:
1381:
1367:
1355:
1347:
1275:
1213:
1144:
1060:
799:
709:
3645:
3615:
3202:
3152:
3122:
3054:
2974:
1869:
1625:
1586:
1534:
1507:
1503:
1440:
1401:
1385:
1339:
1306:
1265:
1255:
1205:
1171:
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1084:
1048:
724:
325:
306:
1629:
3753:
3291:
2273:
2173:
1480:
1052:
530:
350:
253:
1209:
3777:
2739:
2319:
2130:
1444:
1343:
720:
684:
refers to the origination of a taxon through the merging of ancestor lineages.
567:
364:
261:
176:
1827:
1311:
4023:
3977:
3875:
3806:
3692:
3635:
2533:
2447:
2342:
1935:
1926:
1637:
1351:
962:
954:
910:
909:, especially in northern latitudes. Genera of Sequoioideae were found in the
748:
369:
86:
1260:
3843:
2409:
1978:
1859:
1359:
1279:
1217:
1148:
987:
701:
666:
634:
309:
229:
1653:"Hidden giants: how the UK's 500,000 redwoods put California in the shade"
782:. Thus, Yang et al. hypothesize that the inconsistent relationships among
3986:
3852:
3729:
3583:
3560:
2296:
732:
486:
422:
399:
374:
268:
219:
128:
61:
1413:
2479:
2210:
1878:
1556:
1427:
Ma, Qing-Wen; K. Ferguson, David; Liu, Hai-Ming; Xu, Jing-Xian (2020).
1405:
1140:
1096:
902:
685:
658:
442:
355:
189:
106:
71:
1286:
3669:
2945:
2606:
2001:
918:
697:
418:
329:
321:
302:
298:
111:
3948:
1538:
1236:"Distribution of Living Cupressaceae Reflects the Breakup of Pangea"
1131:
1114:
1088:
4006:
3971:
3899:
3815:
2922:
2187:
1715:
922:
each of the species into refugial ranges where they could survive.
881:
803:
670:
662:
333:
101:
96:
81:
76:
66:
2164:
209:
199:
116:
91:
676:
1816:
1113:
Gadek, P.A.; Alpers, D.L.; Heslewod, M.M.; Quinn, C.J. (2000).
914:
895:
858:
715:
Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of
359:
324:
are amongst the most notable trees in the world and are common
1747:
3606:
1786:
871:
705:
689:
379:
345:
163:
901:
The fossil record shows a massive expansion of range in the
1731:
743:
or ancestors of the two genera, as the parental species of
383:
1611:
1073:
1794:
1591:
10.3374/0079-032x(2007)48[281:wdmdfn]2.0.co;2
1325:
1295:"Evolution of taxodiaceous Cupressaceae (Coniferopsida)"
1112:
1570:
1380:
890:, reported from the late Triassic of China, resembles
838:- Giant sequoia, Giant redwood; western slopes of the
1038:
1466:
274:
751:, autoallohexaploidy, or segmental allohexaploidy.
1670:Sommer, Lauren; Kellman, Ryan (26 February 2024).
1527:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
874:, with the oldest described Sequoioideae species,
762:in the tree generated using the LFY gene but with
1579:Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
1233:
38:"Redwood Tree" redirects here. For the song, see
4021:
1762:de:Liste der dicksten Mammutbäume in Deutschland
1857:
1240:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1161:
806:) make resolving the specifics of when and how
1492:
990:of North American west coast (Sequoia forests)
31:"Redwood" redirects here. For other uses, see
1843:
1771:James Donald, John Rubin (directors) (2009).
1716:"A few basic facts about Redwoods, and Parks"
1669:
1292:
1022:"Why redwood burl poaching is so destructive"
677:Possible reticulate evolution in Sequoioideae
1576:
1486:
2408:
1777:(film). National Geographic. Archived from
1745:
1390:"What we still don't know about polyploidy"
1195:
1850:
1836:
1514:
127:
1877:
1764:. List of Large Giant Redwoods in Germany
1692:
1433:Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments
1310:
1269:
1259:
1130:
661:(a superfamily presently known only from
412:
1164:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
933:
397:, are known for massive trees. Trees of
332:reached its peak diversity in the early
27:Subfamily of coniferous trees (redwoods)
3814:
2283:
853:- Coastal Redwood, California redwood;
14:
4022:
3787:
2909:
2899:
2889:
2879:
2869:
2859:
2849:
2839:
2829:
2819:
2809:
2799:
2789:
2779:
2769:
2759:
2749:
2329:
1748:"Crescent Ridge Dawn Redwood Preserve"
1650:
1520:
938:Young but already tall redwood trees (
3953:
3952:
3885:
3702:
2593:
2583:
2573:
2563:
2553:
2543:
2382:
2372:
2362:
2352:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1831:
1496:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
1420:
1198:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2466:
2429:
2419:
1988:
1229:
1227:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1108:
1106:
827:- Dawn redwood; south-central China.
3862:
3739:
3593:
3570:
2306:
1618:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
1472:Ahuja M. R. and D. B. Neale. 2002.
1299:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
24:
3548:
2519:
2509:
2499:
2489:
2260:
2250:
2240:
2230:
2220:
1908:
1898:
1888:
1176:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1992.tb00256.x
25:
4046:
3679:
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3512:
3502:
3492:
3482:
3472:
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2121:
2111:
2101:
2091:
2081:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2011:
1809:
1732:"Calaveras Big Trees Association"
1224:
1182:
1103:
965:Category & Criteria assesses
813:
452:
403:, from the single living species
3929:
3919:
3909:
3825:
2932:
2197:
1815:
437:as the out-group. However, Yang
150:
59:
3763:
2174:
1663:
1651:Tapper, James (16 March 2024).
1644:
1605:
1374:
1319:
1293:Schulz; StĂĽtzel (August 2007).
948:
865:
320:in the world. The trees in the
1508:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2017.02.009
1384:; Buggs, R.J.A.; Doyle, J.J.;
1155:
1067:
1032:
1014:
1000:
339:
13:
1:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3616:
1630:10.1080/14772019.2017.1314898
994:
1533:(3). Philadelphia: 172–236.
1053:10.1016/j.forpol.2018.06.009
975:Metasequoia glyptostroboides
821:Metasequoia glyptostroboides
406:Metasequoia glyptostroboides
344:The three redwood subfamily
136:Redwood Highway, California
7:
1210:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.004
1041:Forest Policy and Economics
980:
898:origin for this subfamily.
870:Sequoioideae is an ancient
857:coast and extreme Southern
10:
4051:
1483:Silvae Genetica 51: 93–99.
1445:10.1007/s12549-020-00454-z
1426:
1344:10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4
1119:American Journal of Botany
957:. The entire subfamily is
884:deposits. The fossil wood
731:and some probably extinct
293:, commonly referred to as
29:
3961:
3898:
3874:
3851:
3841:
3804:
3776:
3752:
3728:
3718:
3691:
3668:
3605:
3582:
3559:
3538:
3067:
2953:
2944:
2921:
2738:
2605:
2532:
2478:
2455:
2445:
2398:
2341:
2318:
2295:
2272:
2209:
2186:
2163:
2000:
1977:
1934:
1924:
1867:
1521:Chaney, Ralph W. (1950).
1312:10.1016/j.ode.2006.03.001
1026:Christian Science Monitor
973:as Endangered (B2ab) and
632:
578:
571:
541:
534:
524:
497:
490:
480:
473:
465:
318:largest and tallest trees
250:
245:
147:Scientific classification
145:
135:
126:
50:
2223:. austrocaledonicus
971:Sequoiadendron giganteum
944:) in Oakland, California
892:Sequoiadendron giganteum
832:Sequoiadendron giganteum
389:Only two of the genera,
33:Redwood (disambiguation)
3742:. glyptostroboides
1791:Notes from the Field tv
1774:Climbing Redwood Giants
1718:. National Park Service
1702:. National Park Service
1261:10.1073/pnas.1114319109
969:as Endangered (A2acd),
907:Arcto-Tertiary Geoflora
754:Yang et al. found that
3828:. cryptomerioides
1693:Bibliography and links
1479:2 January 2014 at the
945:
887:Medulloprotaxodioxylon
413:Taxonomy and evolution
2629:. austrotibetica
2355:. cedarbergensis
937:
905:and dominance of the
708:and NLY, to generate
3659:. sutchuenensis
3485:. saltillensis
3455:. occidentalis
3415:. horizontalis
3355:. coahuilensis
3186:. pseudosabina
3116:. foetidissima
2822:. guadalupensis
2094:. neocaledonica
1824:at Wikimedia Commons
1746:Hanks, Doug (2005).
967:Sequoia sempervirens
941:Sequoia sempervirens
847:Sequoia sempervirens
796:reticulate evolution
770:was the result of a
694:Sequoia sempervirens
682:Reticulate evolution
312:, that range in the
139:Sequoia sempervirens
3766:. sempervirens
3705:. vietnamensis
3629:. occidentalis
3465:. osteosperma
3385:. durangensis
3345:. californica
3315:. barbadensis
3285:. angosturana
3266:. wallichiana
3226:. semiglobosa
3028:. lutchuensis
2912:. stephensonii
2729:. vietnamensis
2699:. sempervirens
2469:. nootkatensis
2200:. cupressoides
2034:. columellaris
1901:. selaginoides
1891:. cupressoides
1252:2012PNAS..109.7793M
855:Northern California
794:could be a sign of
772:hybridization event
758:was clustered with
501:M. glyptostroboides
314:northern hemisphere
40:Redwood Tree (song)
3515:. virginiana
3495:. scopulorum
3435:. monosperma
3325:. bermudiana
3176:. procumbens
3096:. convallium
3038:. macrocarpa
2968:. brevifolia
2709:. tonkinensis
2659:. duclouxiana
2639:. cashmeriana
2586:. taiwanensis
2546:. formosensis
1968:. pyramidalis
1406:10.1002/tax.595006
946:
925:The extinct genus
877:Sequoia jeholensis
825:Hu & W.C.Cheng
710:phylogenetic trees
368:from California's
316:. It includes the
4035:Plant subfamilies
4017:
4016:
3955:Taxon identifiers
3946:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3932:. mucronatum
3837:
3836:
3800:
3799:
3714:
3713:
3649:. standishii
3619:. koraiensis
3596:. articulata
3573:. orientalis
3534:
3533:
3505:. standleyi
3475:. pinchotii
3445:. monticola
3425:. jaliscana
3305:. arizonica
3274:New World Species
3246:. thurifera
3216:. saltuaria
3146:. phoenicea
3136:. komarovii
3086:. chinensis
3076:Old World Species
3048:. oxycedrus
3018:. formosana
2892:. revealiana
2872:. nevadensis
2852:. macrocarpa
2842:. macnabiana
2832:. lusitanica
2752:. abramsiana
2669:. dupreziana
2556:. lawsoniana
2512:. macrolepis
2441:
2440:
2432:. lanceolata
2401:Cunninghamioideae
2394:
2393:
2243:. chevalieri
2124:. rhomboidea
2064:. macleayana
2054:. endlicheri
2044:. drummondii
1948:. acuminatus
1920:
1919:
1820:Media related to
1793:. 6 minutes in.
1781:on 12 April 2013.
1700:"About the trees"
1246:(20): 7793–7798.
1077:Systematic Botany
880:, recovered from
836:(Lindl.) J.Buchh.
800:hybrid speciation
665:) rather than to
654:
653:
645:
644:
621:
620:
612:
611:
603:
602:
594:
593:
557:
556:
513:
512:
305:trees within the
288:
287:
16:(Redirected from
4042:
4010:
4009:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3950:
3949:
3931:
3922:. distichum
3921:
3912:. ascendens
3911:
3887:
3864:
3849:
3848:
3827:
3812:
3811:
3790:. giganteum
3789:
3765:
3741:
3726:
3725:
3704:
3682:. dolabrata
3681:
3658:
3648:
3638:
3628:
3618:
3595:
3572:
3551:. decussata
3550:
3524:
3514:
3504:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3464:
3454:
3444:
3434:
3424:
3414:
3405:. gamboana
3404:
3395:. flaccida
3394:
3384:
3375:. deppeana
3374:
3365:. comitana
3364:
3354:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3284:
3265:
3256:. tibetica
3255:
3245:
3236:. squamata
3235:
3225:
3215:
3205:
3195:
3185:
3175:
3165:
3155:
3145:
3135:
3125:
3115:
3105:
3095:
3085:
3057:
3047:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2987:
2977:
2967:
2951:
2950:
2935:. hodginsii
2934:
2911:
2902:. sargentii
2901:
2891:
2881:
2871:
2861:
2851:
2841:
2831:
2821:
2812:. goveniana
2811:
2801:
2791:
2782:. benthamii
2781:
2771:
2762:. arizonica
2761:
2751:
2728:
2718:
2708:
2698:
2688:
2678:
2668:
2658:
2649:. chengiana
2648:
2638:
2628:
2619:. atlantica
2618:
2595:
2585:
2575:
2565:
2555:
2545:
2522:. rupestris
2521:
2511:
2502:. formosana
2501:
2492:. decurrens
2491:
2468:
2453:
2452:
2431:
2421:
2406:
2405:
2384:
2375:. schwarzii
2374:
2365:. nodiflora
2364:
2354:
2331:
2308:
2285:
2263:. yateensis
2262:
2252:
2242:
2233:. bidwillii
2232:
2222:
2199:
2176:
2154:. verrucosa
2153:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2103:
2093:
2083:
2074:. monticola
2073:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2024:. canescens
2023:
2013:
1991:. chilensis
1990:
1967:
1958:. arenarius
1957:
1947:
1932:
1931:
1911:. laxifolia
1910:
1900:
1890:
1875:
1874:
1870:Athrotaxidoideae
1852:
1845:
1838:
1829:
1828:
1819:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1782:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1490:
1484:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1400:(5): 1387–1403.
1378:
1372:
1371:
1338:(8): 1015–1025.
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1193:
1180:
1179:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1134:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1004:
852:
837:
826:
659:Athrotaxidoideae
585:(giant sequoia)
574:
573:
548:(coast redwood)
537:
536:
527:
526:
493:
492:
483:
482:
476:
475:
468:
467:
461:
460:
276:
155:
154:
131:
121:
58:
57:Aalenian–Present
54:Temporal range:
48:
47:
43:
36:
21:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4005:
4000:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3957:
3947:
3938:
3935:
3894:
3891:
3888:. pensilis
3870:
3865:. japonica
3833:
3796:
3793:
3772:
3769:
3748:
3745:
3710:
3687:
3664:
3601:
3578:
3555:
3530:
3525:. zanonii
3335:. blancoi
3269:
3196:. recurva
3166:. procera
3106:. excelsa
3063:
3008:. drupacea
2998:. conferta
2988:. communis
2940:
2917:
2792:. forbesii
2734:
2719:. torulosa
2689:. gigantea
2679:. funebris
2601:
2596:. thyoides
2576:. pisifera
2528:
2525:
2474:
2437:
2422:. konishii
2390:
2337:
2332:. uviferum
2314:
2291:
2286:. pancheri
2274:Neocallitropsis
2268:
2205:
2182:
2159:
2114:. preissii
2084:. muelleri
1996:
1973:
1916:
1863:
1856:
1812:
1799:
1797:
1785:
1770:
1752:
1750:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1668:
1664:
1649:
1645:
1610:
1606:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1549:
1539:10.2307/1005641
1519:
1515:
1491:
1487:
1481:Wayback Machine
1471:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1425:
1421:
1379:
1375:
1324:
1320:
1291:
1287:
1232:
1225:
1194:
1183:
1160:
1156:
1132:10.2307/2657004
1111:
1104:
1089:10.2307/2419600
1072:
1068:
1037:
1033:
1028:. 5 March 2014.
1020:
1019:
1015:
1006:
1005:
1001:
997:
983:
951:
868:
850:
835:
824:
816:
764:Sequoiadendron
741:Sequoiadendron,
679:
655:
646:
622:
613:
604:
595:
558:
545:S. sempervirens
514:
504:(dawn redwood)
455:
421:. Most modern
415:
342:
149:
122:
120:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
56:
55:
52:
44:
37:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4048:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
3998:
3983:
3967:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3925:
3915:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3857:
3855:
3846:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3820:
3818:
3809:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3782:
3780:
3778:Sequoiadendron
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3758:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3734:
3732:
3723:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3674:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3652:
3642:
3639:. plicata
3632:
3622:
3611:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3588:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3565:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3518:
3508:
3498:
3488:
3478:
3468:
3458:
3448:
3438:
3428:
3418:
3408:
3398:
3388:
3378:
3368:
3358:
3348:
3338:
3328:
3318:
3308:
3298:
3288:
3271:
3270:
3259:
3249:
3239:
3229:
3219:
3209:
3206:. sabina
3199:
3189:
3179:
3169:
3159:
3156:. pingii
3149:
3139:
3129:
3126:. indica
3119:
3109:
3099:
3089:
3074:
3072:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3051:
3041:
3031:
3021:
3011:
3001:
2991:
2981:
2978:. cedrus
2971:
2960:
2958:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2927:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2905:
2895:
2885:
2882:. pygmaea
2875:
2865:
2862:. montana
2855:
2845:
2835:
2825:
2815:
2805:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2755:
2744:
2742:
2740:Hesperocyparis
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2692:
2682:
2672:
2662:
2652:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2611:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2569:
2559:
2549:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2515:
2505:
2495:
2484:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2461:
2459:
2450:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2425:
2414:
2412:
2403:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2378:
2368:
2358:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2324:
2322:
2320:Pilgerodendron
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2309:. papuana
2301:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2256:
2253:. plumosa
2246:
2236:
2226:
2215:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2177:. archeri
2169:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2147:
2144:. sulcata
2137:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2104:. oblonga
2097:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2014:. baileyi
2006:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1961:
1951:
1940:
1938:
1929:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1904:
1894:
1883:
1881:
1872:
1865:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1811:
1810:External links
1808:
1807:
1806:
1783:
1768:
1765:
1759:
1743:
1728:
1712:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1662:
1643:
1624:(7): 551–570.
1604:
1585:(2): 281–290.
1569:
1548:978-1422377055
1547:
1513:
1485:
1465:
1419:
1373:
1318:
1305:(2): 124–135.
1285:
1223:
1204:(3): 452–470.
1181:
1154:
1125:(7): 1044–57.
1102:
1066:
1031:
1013:
998:
996:
993:
992:
991:
982:
979:
950:
947:
867:
864:
863:
862:
843:
840:Sierra Nevadas
828:
815:
814:Extant species
812:
792:Sequoiadendron
780:Sequoiadendron
749:autohexaploidy
721:allopolyploidy
678:
675:
652:
651:
648:
647:
643:
642:
639:
638:
631:
628:
627:
624:
623:
619:
618:
615:
614:
610:
609:
606:
605:
601:
600:
597:
596:
592:
591:
588:
587:
577:
572:
570:
568:Sequoiadendron
564:
563:
560:
559:
555:
554:
551:
550:
540:
535:
533:
525:
523:
520:
519:
516:
515:
511:
510:
507:
506:
496:
491:
489:
481:
479:
474:
472:
466:
464:
459:
454:
453:Cladistic tree
451:
431:Sequoiadendron
414:
411:
395:Sequoiadendron
365:Sequoiadendron
341:
338:
286:
285:
284:
283:
272:
265:
262:Sequoiadendron
258:
248:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
217:
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
180:
179:
174:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
143:
142:
133:
132:
124:
123:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
53:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4047:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4008:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3988:
3984:
3979:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3951:
3934:
3933:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3890:
3889:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3876:Glyptostrobus
3873:
3867:
3866:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3840:
3830:
3829:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3807:Taiwanioideae
3803:
3792:
3791:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3768:
3767:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3717:
3707:
3706:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3693:Xanthocyparis
3690:
3684:
3683:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3527:
3526:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3295:. ashei
3289:
3287:
3286:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3058:. rigida
3052:
3050:
3049:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2802:. glabra
2796:
2794:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2772:. bakeri
2766:
2764:
2763:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2566:. obtusa
2560:
2558:
2557:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2534:Chamaecyparis
2531:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2448:Cupressoideae
2444:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2397:
2387:
2386:
2385:. whytei
2379:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2343:Widdringtonia
2340:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2156:
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1982:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1936:Actinostrobus
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:Callitroideae
1923:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1903:
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1892:
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185:
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181:
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177:Tracheophytes
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1979:Austrocedrus
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1860:Cupressaceae
1822:Sequoioideae
1798:. Retrieved
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1779:the original
1773:
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1735:. Retrieved
1720:. Retrieved
1704:. Retrieved
1679:. Retrieved
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635:Taxodioideae
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580:
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446:
438:
435:Metasequoia
434:
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419:monophyletic
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310:Cupressaceae
294:
291:Sequoioideae
290:
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240:Sequoioideae
239:
230:Cupressaceae
190:Gymnospermae
183:
170:
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51:Sequoioideae
45:
3987:Wikispecies
3853:Cryptomeria
3730:Metasequoia
3584:Tetraclinis
3561:Platycladus
2297:Papuacedrus
2134:. roei
1787:"Big trees"
784:Metasequoia
776:Metasequoia
760:Metasequoia
737:Metasequoia
729:Metasequoia
487:Metasequoia
423:phylogenies
400:Metasequoia
375:Metasequoia
340:Description
328:trees. The
269:Metasequoia
236:Subfamily:
220:Cupressales
4024:Categories
3842:Subfamily
3805:Subfamily
3719:Subfamily
3540:Microbiota
2480:Calocedrus
2446:Subfamily
2399:Subfamily
2211:Libocedrus
1925:Subfamily
1879:Athrotaxis
1868:Subfamily
1800:10 January
1753:10 January
1737:10 January
1722:10 January
1706:10 January
1083:(2): 253.
995:References
986:Temperate
959:endangered
903:Cretaceous
774:involving
717:Sequoia's
686:Polyploidy
443:polyploidy
386:poaching.
356:California
326:ornamental
303:coniferous
196:Division:
4007:1158313-2
3670:Thujopsis
2956:Juniperus
2946:Juniperus
2607:Cupressus
2002:Callitris
1638:1477-2019
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1562:1 January
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1368:236141481
1352:2055-0278
1170:: 15–37.
1061:158505170
1047:: 46–54.
919:Oligocene
698:hexaploid
330:subfamily
322:subfamily
299:subfamily
210:Pinopsida
200:Pinophyta
160:Kingdom:
3972:Wikidata
3900:Taxodium
3816:Taiwania
3068:Section
2954:Section
2923:Fokienia
2188:Fitzroya
1681:16 March
1477:Archived
1439:(9): 1.
1414:20774036
1388:(2010).
1360:34282286
1280:22550176
1218:22609823
1149:10898782
981:See also
882:Jurassic
804:Jurassic
788:Sequoia,
727:between
671:Jurassic
663:Tasmania
334:cenozoic
295:redwoods
226:Family:
18:Redwoods
3978:Q149335
3754:Sequoia
2165:Diselma
1862:species
1858:Extant
1557:1005641
1458:9 March
1271:3356613
1248:Bibcode
1141:2657004
1097:2419600
808:Sequoia
768:Sequoia
756:Sequoia
745:Sequoia
735:plant;
531:Sequoia
447:Sequoia
427:Sequoia
391:Sequoia
351:Sequoia
297:, is a
255:Sequoia
246:Genera
216:Order:
206:Class:
164:Plantae
3070:Sabina
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439:et al.
425:place
372:, and
360:Oregon
346:genera
307:family
3607:Thuja
1595:S2CID
1553:JSTOR
1449:S2CID
1410:JSTOR
1394:Taxon
1364:S2CID
1137:JSTOR
1093:JSTOR
1057:S2CID
872:taxon
690:ferns
380:China
184:Clade
171:Clade
4002:IPNI
1802:2014
1755:2014
1739:2014
1724:2014
1708:2014
1683:2024
1634:ISSN
1564:2014
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